资源简介

(共60张PPT)
新课标 八年级下册
Unit 2
Section A
4a-4c
I'll help to clean up the city parks.
学 习 目 标
Objectives
1) 记住并会运用下列单词: raise, midnight, alone。
2) 区分put up, hand out, call up, cheer up, come up with,
give out, put off 等动词短语的含义。
3) 对动词不定式的用法进行归纳总结,掌握其运用规则。
4) 培养为他人着想,热爱公益事业,乐于助人的优良品质。
The concert raised money for project hope.
开音乐会是为希望工程捐款。
He raised his arms above his head.
他把手臂举过头顶。
New words
Learn some new words!
Anne raised her voice in order to be heard.
为了让人能听得见，安妮提高了嗓门。
raise v. 举起,抬高; 筹集,募集;
种植,饲养
[re?z]
New words
Learn some new words!
midnight n. 午夜，子夜
at midnight 在午夜；在半夜
['m?dna?t]
= the middle of the night
e.g. Young children should not be allowed
to stay up until midnight.
小孩子不应该被允许熬夜到午夜
New words
Learn some new words!
alone adj. 孤独的;独自的
adv. 单独地;独自地;
[?'l??n]
He walked alone under the still night sky.
在静静的夜空下，他独自散步。
Each one of us is all alone at some point in our lives.
我们的每一个人,在人生的某些时候,都是非常孤单的。
raise
midnight
alone
v. 筹集；征集
n. 午夜；子夜
adv. 独自；单独
New words
Let's read together!
What do you usually do on your free time?
Why do you volunteer to help others ?
Where do you hope to volunteer to work?
What kind of volunteer work could you do?
Warm-up
Do you want to help others if you have free time?
Free time

Which is the sign of Young Volunteers Association?
A hand: _________________
A heart: _________________
A dove(鸽子): ____________
A letter Y: _______________
help
love and care
peace
youth
Lead-in
What does it mean?
Who needs to help?
homeless people
sick people
old people
disabled people
poor kids
hungry kids
out-of-school kids
left-behind kids
Revision
How do you help others?
I want to work as a volunteer.
I hope to work outside.
I decide to try out for a volunteer.
I need to come up with a plan.
I'll put up signs.
I'll make some notices.
I'll hand out some notices.
I'll call up my friends.
Revision
disaster areas
poor areas
old people' home
mountain areas
neighbourhood
After-school activity center
Where do you volunteer to work?
hospital
forest
Revision
Being a volunteer is great.
It's not only a good chance to help others, but also a good opportunity to make self-improvement.
If everyone makes a contribution to help others, the world will become much more beautiful.
Why do you volunteer to help others?
Helping others is helping ourselves.
Revision
Why do you volunteer to help others?
If someone is in trouble, everyone will help.
一方有难，八方支援。
The roses in her hand, the flavor in mine.
赠人玫瑰，手有余香。
Love Nature and be kind to the environment.
热爱自然，善待环境。
Care for nature, protect animals.
关爱自然，保护动物。
Revision
clean up the parks
cheer up sick kids
put up some signs
What volunteer work could you do?
Revision
help out old people
hand out notices
give out food
What volunteer work could you do?
Revision
care for the disabled
help kids to learn
raise money for...
What volunteer work could you do?
Revision
What volunteer work could you do?
care for animals
care for the environment
Join us today!
Revision
视频
歌曲《让世界充满爱》
I want to stop hunger.
What do you hope to do?
Why?
I'd like to help homeless people.
Do you want to work as an volunteer?
Yes, I do.
you could give out food at the food bank.
I'll be happy to help others.
Practice
Ask and answer
Do you want to be an volunteer?
Yes, I do.
Where do you volunteer to wok?
I'd like to work in the hospital.
Why?
I want to cheer the sick kids up.
you could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids.
Volunteering here is a dream come true.
Ask and answer
Presentation
I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.
She volunteers there once a week to help kids lean to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school.
朗读句子

Fill in the blanks according to the text.
Grammar Focus
1. 我想去帮助无家可归的人。
I'd like ________ homeless people.
2. 她决定参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者选拔。
She decided ____________ a volunteer after-school
reading program.
to help
to try out for


'd like
decide
would like to do sth. “想要干某事”，动词不定式作宾语。
decide to do sth. “决定干某事”，动词不定式作宾语。


visit
Grammar Focus
3. 你可以请求医院允许你探访儿童, 逗他们开心。
You could ___ hospitals _____ you _____ the kids and cheer them up.
4. 马里奥相信这会帮助他获得他的梦想工作。
Mario believes it can _____ him __ ___ his future
dream job.
to get
ask to let
help
ask

to let

help


ask sb. to do sth. “请求某人干某事”，动词不定式作宾补。
let sb. do sth. “让某人干某事”，动词不定式作宾补，省to。
help sb. (to) do sth. “帮助某人干某事”，动词不定式作宾补，to可省可不省，在此没省to。






Grammar Focus
5. 她自愿一周去一次那里帮助孩子们学习读书。
She _________ there once a week _______ kids learn to read.
6. 我正在制作一些告示，并将它们张贴于学校里。
I'm making some signs __________ around the school.
volunteers
to help
to put up



To put 用来修饰动词make,表目的，所以作目的状语。
to help

Help sb. (to) do sth. “帮助某人干某事”，动词不定式作宾补，to可省可不省，在此省to。
To help 用来修饰动词volunteer,表目的，所以作目的状语。




Presentation
I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.
She volunteers there once a week to help kids lean to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school.
划分句子成分
“to do” as “object”(做宾语）
“to do” as “object complement”（宾语补足语）
“to do” as “adverbial”（状语）
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，在句子中不
能作谓语,没有人称和数的变化。
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因
此可在句子中作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、
状语等。
本单元主要学习其作宾语，状语，宾补的用法。
动词不定式
Grammar
语法讲析

1. 肯定式：to + 动词原形 (有时to可以省略)
2. 否定式：not + 动词不定式
注：其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号。
e.g. I asked him to open the door.
I asked him not to open the door.
语法讲析
动词不定式的基本形式
Grammar
动词不定式的用法
1. 作宾语
动词不定式(短语)可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语,常见的
能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：
want, would like, hope, decide, plan,choose, agree, refuse,
fail, pretend, hate, like, try, ask, start, begin, learn, forget,
remember, wish, can’t wait, can’t afford 。
e.g. I want to tell you a story.
Don't forget to lock the door.
语法讲析
Grammar
动词不定式的用法
2. 作宾语补足语
动词不定式位于及物动词的宾语后,补充说明宾语所做的动作。可以用动词不定式作宾补的动词，分为三种情况：
1) 不可以省to的不定式作宾补的动词，常见的有：
want, would like, tell, ask, like, order, get, wish, allow, teach, invite, encourage, expect, suppose 等。
e.g. The teacher asked us to read English half an hour.
My father often tell me not to play computer games.
语法讲析
Grammar
动词不定式的用法
2. 作宾语补足语
语法讲析
2) 感官动词see, watch, hear, feel, notice等或使役动词let,
have, make用省to的不定式作宾补。
I saw them play basketball on the playground yesterday.
I often hear the girl singing in the next room.
Tom made the baby cry.
【注】feel, hear, look at, listen to, notice, observe, sense, see, watch 等表示感官或感觉的动词还可跟现在分词作宾补。
Grammar
动词不定式的用法
2. 作宾语补足语
语法讲析
3) help后跟动词不定式作宾补，to可省可不省。e.g.
I often help my mother (to) do housework.
【区别】
感官动词后接不定式做宾补时，表示动作的全过程已结束；后接分词做宾补时，表示动作的一部分正在进行。
I saw him play computer games yesterday.
When I passed by, I saw him playing computer games.
Grammar
动词不定式的用法
3. 作状语
语法讲析
1) 作目的状语。表示谓语动词动作的目的, 为了强调，也可放于句首。可用in order to 或 so as to 代替。so as to不用于句首。
She came back to get her English book.
I went there to see my teacher.
2) 作结果状语。
The boy was too frightened to move.
She is old enough to go to school.
Grammar
动词不定式的用法
3. 作状语
语法讲析
3) 作原因状语。
动词不定式作原因状语，位于某些表示喜怒哀乐等形容词
之后，来解释此情感产生的原因。
They were very sad to hear the news.
他们听到这条新闻非常伤心。
I am very happy to see you.
很高兴见到你。
Grammar
动词不定式的用法
4. 作定语
语法讲析
动词不定式作定语，应放到所修饰词之后，一般与所修
饰的词在逻辑上存在着动宾关系，所以动词不定式中的动
词应为及物动词。若是不及物动词, 需要加适当的介词。
I have two books to read.
I have much homework to do.
He asked for a room to live in.
I don't have a pen to write with.
Grammar
动词不定式的用法
5. 疑问词+不定式
语法讲析
疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词 where, when, how
后面可动词不定式构成不定式短语, 相当于名词, 在句中可
作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等。
When to start hasn't been decided. (主语)
I don’t know what to do. (宾语)
He can tell you where to get the book. (宾语补足语)
The question is who(m) to ask. (表语)
【注】why 后跟省to的动词不定式。
Grammar
动词不定式的用法
6. 不定式作形式主语
语法讲析
动词不定式作形式主语有两个句型:
1) It + be + adj. (+ for/of sb. ) + 动词不定式.
e.g. It is important for us to protect the environment.
保护环境对我们来说很重要。
2) It takes/took sb. + 一段时间 + 动词不定式.
e.g. It took me half an hour to finish the hard work.
(It做形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式。)
Grammar
Fill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box.
put up
hand out
call up
cheer up
come up with
give out
put off
1. I want to ________ my plan to work in an animal
hospital until next summer. I'm too busy with my
studies this year.
2. She hopes to _______ at least five primary schools
to ask if they need volunteers for their after-school
programs.
3. Our class is trying to ____________ some ideas to
________ sick children because they are often sad.
4. We decided to ______ signs around the school and
______ notices to tell students about the book sale.
We will _____ the money from the sale to homeless
people.
Practice
点拨: 由句意“今年我学业太忙”, 可知上文应译为“我想将
去动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天”, 故空格处
意为 “推迟”。be busy with... 译为 “忙于...”。
1. I want to _______ my plan to work in an animal hospital
until next summer. I'm too busy with my studies this year.
put off
2. She hopes to ______ at least five primary schools to ask if
they need volunteers for their after-school programs.
call up
点拨: 由下文目的状语“to ask…” 意为 “来问是否他们需要
志愿者帮助做课外活动。”可知空格处意为“打电话
给...”。
解析
3. Our class is trying to ___________ some ideas to________
sick children because they are often sad.
come up with
cheer up
点拨: 由关键词idea及sick children,可知第一空格处意为“想
出”, 第二空格处意为“使……振奋”。
4. We decided to ______ signs around the school and ________
notices to tell students about the book sale. We will ________
the money from the sale to homeless people.
put up
hand out
give out
点拨: 由关键词signs (告示), notices (通知), 及money (钱)可
知第一空意为“张贴”, 第二空意为“发放”, 第三空意为
“捐赠” 。
解析
Fill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box.
put up
hand out
call up
cheer up
come up with
give out
put off
1. I want to ________ my plan to work in an animal
hospital until next summer. I'm too busy with my
studies this year.
2. She hopes to _______ at least five primary schools
to ask if they need volunteers for their after-school
programs.
3. Our class is trying to ____________ some ideas to
________ sick children because they are often sad.
4. We decided to _______ signs around the school and
________ notices to tell students about the book sale.
We will _______ the money from the sale to homeless
people.
put off
call up
come up with
cheer up
put up
hand out
give out
What's the function of “to do”?

“to do” as object (宾语)

“to do” as object(宾语)

“to do” as object

“to do” as adverbial (状语)

“to do” as object

“to do” as adverbial
短语动词
短语动词指的是英语中有些动词和其他词类一起连用，构成一个固定词组，可看成一个整体，相当于一个单独的动词，这种组合称之为短语动词。
短语动词的构成基本有下列几种:
Grammar
Grammar
1）动词 + 介词
此类短语动词可以用作及物动词, 后面必须接宾语,宾语不论是名词还是人称代词，都要放在短语动词的后面。
e.g. Look at the blackboard, please! 请看黑板！
此类短语动词有: Look at, listen to, look for, look after,wait for, get on , get off, depend on / upon, deal with, take after, 等。
Grammar
Grammar
短语动词
2) 动词 + 副词
此类短语动词既可作及物动词, 也可作不及物动词。用作及物动词时, 若宾语是名词, 可以放其后, 也可以放其中; 若宾语是代词, 则必须放其中。
He put on his clothes (put his clothes on)quickly.
Please wake me up at five tomorrow morning.
此类短语动词有: clean up, cheer up, give out, eat up, fix up, give up, give away, hand out, help out, put off, put up, take off 等。
短语动词
Grammar
Grammar
3) 动词+ 副词+ 介词
此类短语动词可以用作及物动词。
We're running out of water. 我们的水快用光了。
此类短语动词有: come up with, do well in, look out of, look forward to, look down upon, put up with等。
短语动词
Grammar
Grammar
4) 动词+名词+介词
此类短语动词的意义取决于名词,而不是动词,修饰时不用副词而用形容词。
We should take good care of our parents.
我们应该好好照顾我们的父母。
此类短语动词有: make use of, take pride in, make friends with, pay attention to等。
短语动词
Grammar
Grammar
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
help move do make visit spend
Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs ____ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what ____ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do _____ others. There are many people who are less lucky than us. Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way ______ our free time. For example, we can make plans ________ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year ________ to another place, like one of the countries in Africa, and help people there.
Practice
1. to make 不定式做后置定语。现在大部分人只关心获得份
好工作以挣大钱。
2. to do复合不定式做宾语。在业余时间, 他们考虑做什么事
情来休闲或娱乐。
3. to help做目的状语。然而, 没有人考虑他们可以做些什么事
情来帮助他人。
4. to spend做定语。志愿花时间帮助这些人是打发业余时间的
一种好方式。
5. to visit做宾语补足语。我们可以制定计划去医院探望生病
的儿童或……
6. to move做目的状语。一些人甚至停止工作几个月到一年而
移居到其他地方。
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
help move do make visit spend
Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs ________ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what _____ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do _______ others. There are many people who are less lucky than us. Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way _________ our free time. For example, we can make plans _________ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year _________ to another place, like one of the countries in Africa, and help people there.
to make
to do
to help
to spend
to visit
to move
Practice
What's the function of “to do”?

“to do” as attribute (定语)

“wh-+to do” as object (宾语)

“to do” as adverbial (状语)


“to do” as attribute (定语)


“to do” as adverbial (状语)
1. What are most people only worried about today?

2. What's a good way to spend our free time??

3. Why do some people stop doing jobs for a few
months??
Fast reading
Read the article again and answer the questions
Getting good jobs to make lots of money.
Volunteering our time to help these people in need.
To move to another place to help people there.
Reading
1. I'd like to volunteer _________________________________
_______________________________________________.
2. At 12: 00 a.m., I called my friend ______________________
_______________________________________________.
3. I'm very busy but I could help ________________________
_______________________________________________.
4. Summer vacation is coming, and I want ________________
_______________________________________________.
5. I want to travel alone. My parents told me (not) __________
________________________________________________.
Complete the sentences with your own ideas.Use infinitives.
to help to give out food to the homeless people at the food bank
to ask him an important question about math
to paint the house for a few hours tomorrow
to go camping with my friends in the countryside.
to do that, because I am too young and it is not safe
Writing
?Talk with your partners about doing some volunteer work.
Try to write down some details on the paper.
?Remember to use infinitives.
Group work
Activity name:__________________________________
Place:________________________________________
How:_________________________________________
__________________________________________ Summary:______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
Groupwork
I volunteer to be a teacher in a small village. I study and live with my children, I teach them to sing, dance and speak English.I want to develop my English skills and get more teaching experience.
Sample
Exercises
1. Mr. Miller gave up his job ________ (look) after his sick
daughter.
2. Kate would like _____ (be) a teacher when she grows up.
3. Mrs. Hand didn’t let me _____ (give) out the newspapers.
4. Every weekend Alice works in the club ______ (help) kids
read and write.
5. Mom asks me not ________ (spend) too much time on
computer games.
to look
to be
give
Ⅰ. 根据句意及括号内所给单词的提示填空。
to help
to spend
Exercise
6. Mr. Black told me ________ (bring) my photos to school.
7. The old man hopes _______ (live) with his son.
8. The boys stopped _______ (play) basketball and had a
short rest.
9. I didn't know what 　 　 (do) at that time.
10. Helen decides 　 　 (go) on vacation in Qing Dao this
summer.
to bring
to live
playing
to do
to go
Exercise
Ⅰ. 根据句意及括号内所给单词的提示填空。
Exercises
1. Who will _______________ (自愿读) these words
for us?
2. The girl often _____ her mother ___the dishes (帮
妈妈洗餐具) on weekends.
3. We ______ her ________ (邀请来) to our party.
4. The old man had ____________ (无事可做) every
day.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
helps do
volunteer to read
asked to come
nothing to do
Exercise
Exercises
1. - When are you leaving for Shanghai?
- I decided ____ for Shanghai this Sunday.
A. leave　　 B. leaving C. left D. to leave
2. - The picture is very beautiful.
- Yes. I will ______ on the wall of my bedroom.
A. put up it B. put it up C. put on it D. put it on
3. The old man lives ______ in the mountain, but he never
feels _______ .
A. alone; lonely　　　　 B. lonely; alone
C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely
4. It's time for class. Let's stop 　　　　.
A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked
D
B
A
C
Ⅲ. 选择填空。
Exercise
Exercises
Write down a plan for your volunteer activities.
Share your volunteer experiences with your friends or family.

Homework
谢谢
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人教版英语八年级下册Unit2 Section A(GF-4c)教学设计
课题 I’ll help to clean up the city parks 单元 Unit2 学科 英语 年级 八（下）
学习 目标 1.知识目标：1）记住并熟练运用下列单词:raise, midnight, alone。2）区分put up, hand out, call up, cheer up, come up with, give out, put off 等动词短语的含义和用法。3）归纳、总结并掌握动词不定式在句子中作宾语、宾补和状语的用法。2.能力目标：通过不同方式练习，熟练运用本单元出现的词组及动词不定式。3.情感目标：1）引导学生探索、讨论相互关爱及援助的价值和意义，渗透人文关怀和道德观念的培养； 2）在教学中渗透助人就是助己并收获快乐；培养学生尊重他人，尊重义工，理解其工作的意义；
重点 建立动词不定式结构意识及用作宾语、宾补和状语，尤其作宾语时与谓语动词的搭配模式，掌握和正确使用它；?
难点 掌握学过的后面跟不定式做宾语的动词；宾语补足语定位、形式及辨析；

教学过程
教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 设计意图
导入新课 Step1 Free talkThe teacher presents the question: What do you usually do on your free time? Do you want to help others if you have free time? Why do you volunteer to help others ? Where do you hope to volunteer to work? What kind of volunteer work could you do?Step2 lead-in T: Which is the sign of Young Volunteers Association? What does it mean? Steo3 RevisionThe teachers gives the questions:Who needs to help? How do you help others? Where do you volunteer to work? Why do you volunteer to help others?What volunteer work could you do?(Ask The students to answer the questions by showing pictures)Step4. Role-playT: If you are a TV reporter, interview students about their volunteer activities. The students discussed with each other according to the teacher's instructions. The students look at the picture and think, finally give the answer. The students answer the questions according to the pictures. 4）The students practise the dialogue in groups。 通过这一环节的教学，目的是与上一节课自然衔接，使学生自然融入课堂。 通过这一环节引入话题，并启发学生理解志愿服务的意义。 通过回答问题，对前面Section A所学作了一个整体的复习，这也是本节课的任务之一。 通过对话练习，既练习了学生的口语，又训练了学生综合运用语言的能力。
讲授新课 Step1 Grammar FocusT: Please turn to Page12 in the textbook, and read the sentences in Grammar focus.T: Fill?in?the?blanks?without?looking?at?the?text.(Show the sentences on the big screen) T: Underline the infinitives in these sentences and discuss their?functions. Teacher sums up the use of infinitive.Step2. Learn new words① Show the pictures of the Words, let students understand the meaning of the words.② Teach students to read the new words.S Step3 Work on 4aT: Fill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box. Ask the students to Underline the infinitives in these sentences and discuss their functions. Ask students to read the phrases. The teacher explain the classification and usage of phrasal verbs. Step4 Work on 4b.T: Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. 方法指导： (At first read the sentences by skipping the blanks and understand its main idea, then guess the meaning in the blank according to the context.)Ask the students to Underline the infinitives in these sentences and discuss their functions.3）Read the article and answer the questions:1. What are most people only worried about today? 2. What's a good way to spend our free time?? 3. Why do some people stop doing jobs for a few months?? Step5 work on 4cT: Complete the sentences with your own ideas.Use infinitives. T: Talk with your partners about doing some volunteer work. Try to write down some details on the paper. Step6 Exercise(课件展示）Step7 HomeworkWrite down a plan for your volunteer activities. Grammar focus① The students read aloud the sentences for a few minutes.② The students wrote down the sentences from memory. ③ The students read the sentences again, Underline them and discuss them. ④The students listen carefully and take notes. New words① Look at the pictures of the words, and try to understand the words.② Read the words together. Work on 4aThe students finish?the task.. The students observe the sentences, discuss and underline the infinitives. ③ The students read thethe phrases. ④The students listen carefully and take notes. Work on 4b.①The students finish the task.. ②The students observe the sentences, discuss and underline the infinitives. ③The students read the article again and answer the questions. Work on 4cThe students discuss and finish the task. The students communicate in groups and report. 通过这一环节，目的是使学生熟悉并掌握这些句子，为下一步的语法学习做一铺垫。 这一环节目的是让学生自己学习探讨不定式的用法，为下一步老师的讲解开路。 通过看图片和与图片匹配的例句，能够更好地记忆和理解单词。 通过这一环节，进一步使学生巩固动词不定式的用法。 通过完成任务, 练习学生的阅读技巧。 通过这一环节，再一次使学生认识动词不定式的用法。 以此环节结束对本课，起到总结的效果。 通过做练习, 巩固重点句型

课堂小结 动词不定式的用法。 2. 短语动词的用法
板书 Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks. Section A (GF-4c)单词：raise, midnight, alone 短语：be busy with...; make money; for fun; raise money for... 句型：????????? ?











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