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Unit12. Life is full of the unexpected
本单元重要词组及短语
捎（某人）一程____________ 2. 充满了 3.到......时候
4.迟到 5.发出响声 6. 一直做......
7.醒来 8.冲出 9. 凝视某人
10.难以置信 11. 露面 12.到达
13.即将做...... 14.即使；尽管 15.排队等候
16.起飞 17.转变成 18.化妆舞会
19.卖光 20.穿衣服 21.熬夜
22.整日整夜 23. 某人发生某事 24. 发生
25.跟某人开玩笑 26.捉弄某人 27.尽可能.......
28.减肥 29. 结束做某事 30.结婚
31.最幸运的一天 32..在......中间 33. 在那之后
34.通向 35. .一碗..... .36. 错过做某事
【本单元语法】-------过去完成时。
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间点以前即“过去的过去”已经发生的动作。
Mr. Black told me that he had seen the movie three times.
过去完成时要注意以下几个方面：
⑴ 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。
它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
⑵ 过去完成时的结构是：
肯定由“助动词had(用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词”构成 否定式：had not + 过去分词
缩写形式：hadn’t
⑶ 过去完成时的时间状语：
① 表示过去某一时间可用by, before等构成的短语。We had finished our homework before 10 o’clock.
② 可能通过when, before等引导的从句表示。When I got there, the train had left.
③ 过去某一时间通过上下文来表示。 Kate hadn’t studied hard, so she didn’t pass the exam yesterday.
语法练习题：
I. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. When I got there the bus _____ (go). 2. By the time I got to class, the teacher ____ (start) teaching.
3. We ____ (learn) over 1,000 words by the end of last term. 4. I ____ (clean) the room before he arrived here.
5. His brother ___ (leave) home for a year when he got back.
II.单项选择
1．He asked me __ ___ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone
2. What _ ___ Jane ____ by the time he was sever A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
3. I __ ___ 900 English words by the time I was ten。A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt
4. She ___ ___lived here for ______ years.A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of
5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I ___ the dinner already.
A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
6. She said she __ ________ the principle already A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
Section A.
1.Life is full of the unexpected. 生活充满了意外。(标题）
【解析1】be full of = be filled with充满，装满
Our life is ______________chances, but there are also a lot of challenges.(充满)
The box is_______________(装满) books.
On hearing the news, her heart was _____ gratitude. A. filled of B. full with C. filled with D. fill with
【 解析2】 unexpected adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的
the unexpected “意外的事情”“出乎意料的事”。
the ＋adj.表示一类人或事物。英语中，有些形容词与定冠词the连用，表示一类人或事物，在句子中起名词的作用。 the homeless (无家可归者) the disabled(残疾人)
The old should be taken good care of by the government.
It will not be unexpected if Tom comes late again, because he is always like this.
3. By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 当我出来时，公共汽车已经离开了。 (1b)
【解析】 by the time 在……以前，指从过去的某一点到从句所示的时间为止，常引导表示过去的时间状语从句，主句常用过去完成时，即had+动词过去分词。
①By the time I ________(walk) into the classroom, the teacher __________(start) ________(teach) already.
② By the time I got outside , the bus _________already ________(leave).
【2013山东枣庄】By the time I locked the door, I realized I ___my keys at home.
A. had repaired B. had changed C. had forgotten D. had left
4.【 解析】leave sth. +地点“把某物忘在某处”
forget意为“遗忘某物”，指忘记一件具体的东西，但不能有具体的地点。
I left my book on the desk. I forgot my umbrella yesterday .
【拓展】
leave → left → left v 离开
(1)leave sth +地点 把某物遗忘在某地 (2)leave for +地点 离开去某地
(3) leave a message 留言 ask for leave 请假 leave school (中学) 毕业
(4)leave one by oneself=leave sb alone 把某人单独留下
【注意】英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用 leave + 地点 而不是forget+地点
Unluckily, I left my book at home 不幸的是，我把书忘在家里了。
—Lin Kai, hand in your homework, please.
—Oh, sorry. I _____ it at home this morning. A. was leaving B. has left C. will leave D. left
【2013山东枣庄】By the time I locked the door, I realized I ___my keys at home.
A. had repaired B. had changed C. had forgotten D. had left
－I’m sorry, Mr. Li. I _____ my English homework at home.
－Don’t forget ______ it to school tomorrow. A. left, to bring B. forgot, to take C. lost, to bring
forget→forgot→forgotten v忘记
(1) forget sth 忘记某事（不能跟地点状语连用）He forgot his grandfather’s name.
(2) forget to do sth 忘记去做某事（未做）(3) forget doing sth 忘记做过某事（已做）
Don’t forget__________(post) the letter for me on your way home.
5.【解析】oversleep =sleep late v 睡过头 sleep → slept → slept oversleep—overslept—overslept
( )I ___ this morning and missed the early bus. A. overslep B. slept C. held D. caught
6.【解析】get back to school 意为“回到学校”
【解析】（1）get back to 后接表地点的名词，意为 “ 回到某地”;
(2) get back 还可表示“ 回来，返回，拿回，取回”等含义。
【2014广东佛山】We lost the way in the forest, and we didn’t know .
A.where we get back B. when did we get back C. how we could get back
7.【解析】go off 发出响声, (闹钟)闹响 The alarm went off just now. 刚才警钟响了
【短语】 go over 复习 go away 离开 go by (时间)过去 go for a walk 出去散步
go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳
( ) I was late today because my alarm clock didn’t____A. run off B. go off C. give out D. give up
【拓展】⑴ go by “(时间)过去；消逝”。 ime goes by second by second.
⑵ go on “继续”。 Please go on working. 请继续工作。
8. 【解析】be about to 忙于；即将做某事。
侧重于表示动作马上就要发生，常与when引导的从句连用，但不与具体的时间状语连用。
( ) Hurry up, Tom! The train is _____ to start. A. about B. with C. for D. At
9. 【解析1】 stare v. 盯着看， 凝视 (表示看得比较仔细，有时候也带有吃惊的意味去看，常与at, into连用。)
Don’t stare at me like that.别那样盯着我看。
【解析2】in disbelief 不相信 ，疑惑， 怀疑
She looked at him in disbelief.
【解析3】above
【拓展】above/over/on辨析 【相同点】方位介词，“在……之上”
1）above 着重指：在……上方，不一定含有垂直在上的意思。反义词为：below.The sun rose above the horizon.
2）over 表盖在……上面，或铺在……上面。此时不能用above.代替。含有垂直在上的意思。反义词为under.
Spread the tablecloth over the table.把桌布铺在桌子上。
3）. on 含有与表面相接触的意思。The book is on the desk.
【2014扬州1】—This problem is far ______ me, I’m afraid I can’t work it out.
—Don’t worry, we will help you. A. beyond B. beside C. behind D. Between
【2014湖北鄂州1】 — She sold her treasures to cure her mother’s illness, even though it was her own wishes.
— It’s so kind _____ her. A. against; of B. above; of C. on; for D. for; for
11.【解析4】burn v. 着火，燃烧(burnt, burnt / burned, burned) burning adj. 着火的；燃烧的
He was trapped in a burning house. 他被困在正在燃烧的房屋里。
Teachers are often compared to _____ candles. A. burnt B. is burning C. burns D. burning
⑴ burn away烧掉 Half of the candle had burnt away. 蜡烛已烧掉一半了。
⑵ burn down 渐渐烧完 The room grew colder as the fire burnt down. 随着炉火逐渐减弱，屋里越来越冷。
12.辨析：alive, living, live与lively
alive 活着，“活的，有生命的，还出气的 可指人也可指物 表语，后置定语, 宾补
living 活着, 尚在人间, 健在的 指人或物 定语或表语
live 活着的，活生生的 指物，不指人 定语
lively 活泼的，活跃，充满生气的 可指人，也可指物 定语、表语或宾补
( ) 1. Jin Yong is one of the greatest and oldest writer. He is still .
A. living; alive B. living; living C. alive; living D. alive; lively
( )2. —Is his grandmother still —Yes, she is 102 years old! A. live B. living C. alive D. lively
13.【解析2】take off 脱掉； 起飞
take off 在此句中意为“起飞”，off 在此为副词表示“离开；走开”。它没有被动语态take off 也有“脱下”之意， 此时 off 为介词，后可直接跟宾语。
【拓展】与off相关的短语
keep off 隔离 drop off 放下，下车 take off 脱下，（飞机起飞
set off 出发，开始 hurry off 匆匆离开 turn off 关上，关闭
14.【解析】till 意为“到，直到”，相当于until.
⑴ 用于肯定句时, 主句的动词只用延续性的，它所表示的动作一直延续到till或until表示的时间为止，意为“直到……为止”。 She watched TV till her mother came back.
⑵ 用于否定句时，主句的动词一般是非延续性的，也可以是延续性的，它所表示的动作直到till或until所表示的时间才发生，意为“直到…（才）”。She didn’t watch TV till her mother came back.
( ) I didn’t believe he could drive ____ he told me. A. once B. while C. since D. till
( )--Mark, you look so tired.
--Oh, I worked ____ it was 12 o’clock last night. A. unless B. after C. till D. as
We’re leaving tomorrow. We will be away _______ next Friday. A. From B. until C. on D. since
Section B
1. 【解析】fool (1) n. 傻子 呆子 (2) v. 愚弄 欺骗→foolish adj. 愚蠢的
on April Fool’s Day 愚人节 make a fool of sb. 愚弄某人
He is a fool. 他是一个呆子。（名词） We can’t fool our teacher. 我们不能欺骗我们的教师。(动词)
I was _______(fool) enough to believe what he told me.
2. 【解析】embarrass v 使尴尬→embarrassed adj. 尴尬的(用来修饰人)(1a)
→embarrassing adj. 令人难堪的（（修饰物）
①I was _______________(embarrass) when the boy asked me the question.
②She was ____when they kept telling her how clever she was. A. embarrass B. embarrassed C. embarrassing
3.【解析】invite v → invitation n邀请
invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事
(2)invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地
①We invited him ____(join) us to practice speaking English.
②He invited a lot of friends ____(come) to his birthday party.
—Claudia, are you going to Jeff’s birthday party on Saturday
—Unless I______ . A. will be invited B. am invited C. was inviting D. invited
—Tom! I looked for you everywhere at the party last night.
—Oh, I _______ to the party. A. am invited B. was invited C. am not invited D. wasn’t invited
4.the other kids showed up (1d)
【解析】show up 出席
【短语】：on show =on display 展览
show off 炫耀 show sb. around 带某人参观
show sb. sth=show sth to sb 向某人展示某物
( )①Why didn’t you show ___at the meeting yesterday We kept waiting for a long time.
A. up B. around C. off D. on
( ) ②He didn’t show _______ until the meeting was over.
A. on B. out C. in D. up
—It’s everyone’s duty to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign.
—Sure. We should try to _______ all the food that we’ve ordered.
A. give up B. eat up C. turn up D. show up
5. April Fool’s Day is a celebration that takes place in different countries around the world.
愚人节一种发生在世界上不同国家的庆祝活动。(2b)
【解析】take place “发生；进行；举行；产生”。
【辨析】：happen 与take place
happen 常指具体的事物的发生，特别指那些偶然的“发生”。不及物动词，没有被动语态sth happen to sb 意为“ 某人发生某事”。
后接不定式，表示“碰巧；恰好”之意。happen to do sth 意为‘‘碰巧做某事’’。
take place 1“发生”, 也无被动语态，指经过安排或计划地发生。
2“举行”The sports meeting will take place in our school
【小试牛刀】用happen和take place填空。
1. When will the basketball match between Class 3 and Class 4 _____
2. I ____ to have read the article when he asked me about it.
3. When will the ceremony _____
4. That accident _____ at the corner.
5.Can you tell me what happened him just now
A. with B. for C. to D. at
6. It happens on April 1st every year and is a day when many people play all kinds of tricks and jokes on each other. 愚人节是每年的四月一日，在这一天，人们互相捉弄开各种玩笑。(2b)
【解析】play tricks on sb. “捉弄某人”，
play jokes on sb.“对某人开玩笑 ”
( ) It's impolite to laugh at, stare at or play _____on disabled people
A. fun B. jokes C. tricks D. parts
7. Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy buy as much as spaghetti as they could. 很多人跑到当地的超市抢购尽可能多的意大利面条。(2b)
【解析】as +形容词/副词的原级+ as sb. can / could 意为“尽可能地……”，在句中作状语。
as +形容词/副词的原级+ as sb. can / could = as + 形容词/副词原级+ as possible.
We must do everything as possible. = We must do everything as well as we can.
我们要尽量做好每一件事。
【追踪训练】翻译下面的句子。
1）. 我已经把书尽可能多地给你送来了。
I have sent you ___ ____ ____ ____ ____.
2）. 这只猫想要尽快吃掉这些食物。
The cat wants to eat out the food __ __ __ __
By the time people realized that the story was a hoax, all of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out(2b)当人们意识到这是个骗局时，全国所有的意大利面都销售一空了
【解析】sell out 卖光 （用物作主语时，常用于被动语态 be sold out）
【拓展】out 构成的短语：
give out 分发 hand out 分发 work out 得出结果 run out of 用完
go out 出去 find out 查明 look out 当心 take out 拿出
( ) — Do you have Nokia E72 mobiles
— Sorry, they have been ____ . You may come next time.
A. given out B. looked out C. sold out D. come out
9. By the end of the day, more than 10,000 people had phoned the TV station to find out how to get the water. 一天之内有一万多人打电话给电视台，询问如何弄到这种水。(2b)
【解析】find out “找出，查明，弄清楚”，后可接名词名词性短语或宾语从句
【辨析】find out, look for 与 find
(1)find out 强调经过调查、询问、研究等曲折过程后才能找出。如：
Please find out when the train leaves. 请查明火车什么时间离开。
(2)look for 意为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程。如：
I'm looking for it everywhere.我正在到处找它。
(3)find 意为“发现，找到”，强调寻找的结果。如：
I can't find my pet dog.我找不到我的宠物狗。
【易错题】The policemen will go to_________the truth.
　　A. find　　　 B. find out　　　 C. decide　　　 D. look for
10.Many April Fool’s jokes may end up being not very funny.(2b)
【解析】end up (doing sth.)（以…）结束；最终成为；最后处于
I must make good use of my spare time, or I will end up doing nothing.
我必须充分利用空闲的时间,否则我的生命将会在无所事事中告终。
end up sth. 表示“结束某事”。
The scientist ended up his speech at last.那个科学家最后结束了演讲。
end up with sth. （以……）结束
The students began with speaking English, but ended up with speaking Chinese.
同学们以说英语开始，却以说汉语结束。
The boats take different routes, but they all____ in the same place.
A.give up B. clear up C. end up D. make up
11. He asked her to marry him. 他向她求婚。(2b)
【解析2】marry v嫁娶
(1)A marry B. “A 与B结婚”
Bill married Mary on January 1, 1994.
(2) A and B get married = A and B are married A和B结婚
get married 结婚
Kate and Tom get married last year.
She married her daughter to a rich man.
(3) be married to sb 与……结婚
①.My aunt got_____________(marry) last year.
②.When did Sue and Jack___________(结婚).
( ) ③ — Betty, did your son get married in the year 2000.
— Yes , he _____ for about eight years.
A. has married B. has been married C. has got married D. was married
12.In that month in 1938, actor Orson Welles announced on his radio program that aliens from Mars had landed on the earth. 在1938年的那个月，演员奥森.威尔斯在他的广播节目中宣布火星人已经登陆地球。
【解析1】 land on 意为“着陆；降落于”，反义词组为take off
13. Wells made it sound so real that hundreds of people believed the story, and fear spread across the whole country. (2b)威尔斯说得如此逼真，以至于数以百计的人相信了这个故事，恐怖席卷了整个国家
【解析】 hundred n 百 hundreds of 数以百的
When he arrived at the airport, Lee Minho found that ____ fans were waiting for him there.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of
thousand n 千 thousands of成千上万的
Thousands of ________ (visitor) come to my hometown Suqian every year.
million n 百万 millions of成百万的
【注】：(1)当hundred/ thousand/million 前面有具体的数字时，用单数形式
— How many people were invited to the meeting
— About six ____.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of
14. How did you feel about this day 今天你感觉怎么样？(3a)
【解析】How do you feel about… = What do you think of… = How do you like…
“你怎样看待…… ” 用于提问对方对某事物的观点
How do you feel about the talk show 你觉得这个访谈节目怎么样？
15.I’m so glad that I cancel my plan to go to the market. 我如此高兴以至于我取消了去市场的计划。(self Check)
【解析】so … that … “那么(表程度)、如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。so 后跟形容词/副词，so … that …引导的复合句可转换成简单句。
⑴ 当that从句是否定结构，that从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，可用too … to …替换。不相同时，可用too … for sb. to do…替换。
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
= The boy is too young to go to school. 这个男孩太小了，不能上学。
The suit was so expensive that I could not afford it.
= The suit was too expensive for me to afford. 这衣服太贵，我买不起。
⑵ 当that从句是肯定结构，that从句的主语与主句的不相同时，可用…enough for sb. to do …替换。相同时，可用…enough to do…替换。
He ran so slowly that I could catch up with him.
= He ran slowly enough for me to catch up with him. 他跑得很慢，我能赶上他。
He ran so fast that he won the race.
= He ran fast enough to win the race. 他跑得很快，赢得了比赛。
【追踪训练】将下面的句子改为同义句。
1. He is so weak that he could walk for a long time.=He is ____ weak _____ walk for a long time.
2. The problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out. =The problem is ___ ___ ___ ___ ____ work it out.
3. The book is so interesting that most students like reading it. = The book is interesting ___ ____ ____ ___ ___ like reading it.
4. She was so lucky that she got the job. = She was lucky ____ ____ get the job. so that 以便于…
一. 根据汉语提示用适当形式填空。
1. I got up early this morning because I didn’t want to _____ (错过) the early bus.
2. The drop in prices was quiet ____ (出乎意料的). 3. The ____ (工人) fell down and got hurt.
4. The plane was flying ____ (在上面) the clouds.
5. The river goes through the city from ____ (西) to east. 6. There will be an __________ (意外的) surprise
7. The children _________ (冲，奔) out the school when the bell rang.
8. When spring comes, the snow and ice _____ (消失).
9. When I was about to read my book, I found I ________ (忘了带) it at home.
10. He ___________ (醒来) very early and went out for a walk in the park.
11.I ______________ (让她搭便车), so she invited me to have dinner.
12. I hope that all of you will come to the meeting ____________ (准时).
13.He is the only person that is ____ (可相信的).
14.This Monday my alarm clock didn’t __________ (发出响声) and I got up late.
15. What a ____ (傻瓜) I was to believe he is a good man.
16. Few people realized the importance of the ____ (发现).
17. He is not an ____ (军官), but a common soldier.
三．
3. The story was very interesting. I could never forget it. (合并为一句)
The story was_ _interesting_ I could never forget it.
4. She said, “I have read the book.”(改为同义句) She said that _ __ read the book.
5. The box is so heavy that he can’t carry it. (改为同义句) The box is __heavy for him _ _carry. 6.By the time he arrived, the train had left.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the train __________
7.Susan had never been to China before last year.(完成反意疑问句)
Susan had never been to China before last year，______ ________
8.Susan married Tom last year. (改为同义句) Susa and Tom_____ ______ ________for two years.
10.Tina was so young that she can’t go to school. (改为同义句) Tina was______young_______go to school.
11. The book is more interesting than any other book. (改为同义句) The book is_____ _____ _______of all.
四．将下面的句子改为同义句
1. He is so weak that he could walk for a long time. He is ____ weak _____ walk for a long time.
2. The problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out. The problem is ___ ___ ___ ___ ____ work it out.
3. The book is so interesting that most students like reading it. The book is interesting ___ ____ ____ ___ ___ like reading it. 4. She was so lucky that she got the job. She was lucky ____ ____ get the job
五 1. 当我到学校的时候，我意识到我把书包落在家里了。
When I got to school, I realized I ____ ____ my backpack at home.
2. 在我到公共汽车站之前，汽车已经离开了。 ____ I _____ to the bus stop, the bus _____ _____ left.
3. 我起床时，我弟弟已经进入了浴室了。
By the time I ____ ____, my brother _____ already ____ in the shower.
4. Garl 的爸爸在街上看到我，捎了我一程。
Garl’s father saw me on the street and _____ me ____ ____ in his car.
5. 至少你到学校的时候，你只迟到了五分钟
___ ____ ___ ____ ___you got to school, you were only five minutes late for class.
6. 有时，坏事可以变成好事。 A bad thing can be _______ ________ a good one sometimes.
7. 我心中暗想道：“他在撒谎。” I _________ _________ myself, “He is lying.”
8. 你知道飞机什么时间起飞吗？ Do you know when the plane will ______ ______
9. 房间里全是学生。 The room _______ _______ ________ students.
10. 排队等候是有礼貌的。It’s good manners to ________ ________ ________.
11.昨天下午我直到写完作业才回家。 I _____go home yesterday afternoon _________ I finished my homework
12.The boy ____________________ (正要开始) but someone spoke first.
13. 人们相互开各种各样的玩笑。 People ___ all kinds of ____ ____ each other.
14. 她父亲抚养她直到她结婚。 Her father supported her until she ___ ____.
15. 一架飞机将降落在机场。 A plane will ____ ____ the airport.
16. 我的年龄是她的两倍还不止。 I’m ____ ____ twice as old as she.
17. 他经常彻夜不眠玩游戏。 He often ____ ____ ____ _______ playing computer games..
18. 生日晚会什么时候举行？When will the birthday party ____ ____
19. 这个小男孩想要尽可能多的礼物。The little boy wants ___ ___ ___ ___ possible.
20. 我下个月底会回来。I will be back ___ ___ ____ ____ last month.
21. 这家商店的衬衫都卖光了。 The shop ____ ____ all their shirts.
22. 我穿好衣服就去吃早餐。I ____ ____ and had breakfast. (共25张PPT)
语法专题 (过去完成时)
1.概念：过去完成时态表示在过去某一时间以前已经发生了的动作，即发生在“过去的过去”。
2.构成：过去完成时由“助动词had（通用于各种人称和数）+过去分词构成。
3.用法：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。主要表示过去某时前已发生的动作或情况（也可说是“过去的过去”）。与by、before，by the time...构成的短语连用
肯定句
主语+had (通用于各种人称和数)＋过去分词
They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.
在他们到达旅馆之前，他们已经吃早饭了。
从句中arrived at到达在“过去”的时间，而had already had吃早饭的动作发生在到达之前，因此主句的时态为“过去的过去”。
如：I had finished writing my composition by 10:00 this morning.
否定句
主语+had (通用于各种人称和数)+not＋过去分词
He said that he had not seen such a beautiful bird before.
他说他以前从来没有看过这样美丽的鸟。
疑问句
had (通用于各种人称和数)+主语＋过去分词？
How many English flushed had you seen by the end of last term 到上学期期末为止，你们看了多少部英文片？
Had you reached the station before ten o’clock
到十点以前，你们已经到达火车站了吗？
巧学过去完成时
过去完成时态不算难，形式要向完成时态看。
Have变成had不怠慢，断定过去之前是关键。
语法练习题
I. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. When I got there the bus _____ (go).
2. By the time I got to class, the teacher ____ (start) teaching.
3. We ____ (learn) over 1,000 words by the end of last term.
4. I ____ (clean) the room before he arrived here.
5. His brother ___ (leave) home for a year when he got back.
6. The bus had left by the time I got there.（改为否定句）The bus_______ ________by the time I got there.
7. He had already had breakfast. (改为一般疑问句) he had breakfast
语法练习题
II.单项选择
1．He asked me __ ___ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone
2. What _ ___ Jane ____ by the time he was sever A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
3. I __ ___ 900 English words by the time I was ten。A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt
4. She ___ ___lived here for ______ years.A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of
5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I ___ the dinner already.
A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
6. She said she __ ________ the principle already A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
【解析】 be full of =be filled with... 充满....
【解析】【 解析2】 unexpected adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的。the unexpected “意外的事情”“出乎意料的事”。
the ＋adj.表示一类人或事物。英语中，有些形容词与定冠词the连用，表示一类人或事物，在句子中起名词的作用。 the homeless (无家可归者) the disabled(残疾人)
【解析】oversleep =sleep late 睡过的；over 为形容词的前缀，意为“过于，超过，之上：。类似的词还有：overage ;overwork.oversized.
【解析】 by the time 在……以前，指从过去的某一点到从句所示的时间为止，常引导表示过去的时间状语从句，主句常用过去完成时，即had+动词过去分词。
①By the time I ________(walk) into the classroom, the teacher __________(start) ________(teach) already.
② By the time I got outside , the bus _________already ________(leave).
【 解析】leave sth. +地点“把某物忘在某处”
forget意为“遗忘某物”，指忘记一件具体的东西，但不能有具体的地点。
I left my book on the desk. I forgot my umbrella yesterday .
【解析】be late for ...迟到
【解析】wake up 醒来，awake adj.醒着的
【解析】give sb. a lift =give sb. a ride 带某人一程
【解析】at least 至少，at most 至多
【解析】get here ,get to +地点 到达 遇到地点副词（abroad，home，here,there,where）省略介词 to
【解析】 arrive 不及物动词，和介词at/in一起连用。get to / reach
【解析】be about to 忙于；即将做某事。侧重于表示动作马上就要发生，常与when引导的从句连用，但不与具体的时间状语连用，be about to do sth... when 正要做某事，突然...
【解析】even though ,尽管，虽然
【解析】wait in line 排队，cut in line 插队
【解析】 stare v. 盯着看， 凝视 (表示看得比较仔细，有时候也带有吃惊的意味去看，常与at, into连用。)
【解析】in disbelief 不相信 ，疑惑， 怀疑
【解析】above 在……之上”
【拓展】above/over/on辨析 【
1）above 着重指：在……上方，不一定含有垂直在上的意思。反义词为：below.
2）over 表盖在……上面，或铺在……上面。此时不能用above.代替。含有垂直在上的意思。反义词为under.
3）. on 含有与表面相接触的意思。The book is on the desk.
【解析】burn v. 着火，燃烧(burnt, burnt / burned, burned) burning adj. 着火的；燃烧的 burned adj. 烧过的
burn v. 着火，燃烧(burnt, burnt / burned, burned) 、
【解析3】辨析：alive, living, live与lively
【解析】hear about = hear of ...听说，hear from...收到某人的
来信
【解析】turn into 转变成....
alive 活着，“活的，有生命的，还出气的 可指人也可指物 表语，后置定语, 宾补
living 活着, 尚在人间, 健在的 指人或物 定语或表语
live 活着的，活生生的 指物，不指人 定语
lively 活泼的，活跃，充满生气的 可指人，也可指物 定语、表语或宾补
【解析1】decide to do sth= make up one's mind to do sth = make .a decision to do sth.
【解析1】complete v.完成，adj.完全的
【解析1】finish doing..完成某事
【解析1】rush.v.匆忙，rush to do sth.
rush n. in a rush。匆忙地，rush hour.
【解析1】 else 其他的，修饰不定代词后置。
【解析1】show up ,出现， show off 炫耀 show sb. around 带某人参观 on show 在展览中
②He didn’t show _______ until the meeting was over.
【解析1】by the end of sth.在....结束为止
1. 【解析】fool (1) n. 傻子 呆子 (2) v. 愚弄 欺骗→foolish adj. 愚蠢的
on April Fool’s Day 愚人节 make a fool of sb. 愚弄某人
2. 【解析】embarrass v 使尴尬→embarrassed adj. 尴尬的(用来修饰人)(1a)
→embarrassing adj. 令人难堪的（（修饰物）
①I was _______________(embarrass) when the boy asked me the question.
3.【解析】invite v → invitation n邀请
(1)invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事
(2)invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地
①We invited him ____(join) us to practice speaking English.
②He invited a lot of friends ____(come) to his birthday party.
【解析】appear Vt 出现， n. appearence 相貌，地上appear 消失。
【辨析】：happen 与take place
happen
特别指那些偶然的“发生”。不及物动词，没有被动语态sth happen to sb 意为“ 某人发生某事”。
后接不定式，表示“碰巧；恰好”之意。happen to do sth 意为‘‘碰巧做某事’’。
take place
1“发生”, 也无被动语态，指经过安排或计划地发生。
2“举行”The sports meeting will take place in our school
【小试牛刀】用happen和take place填空。
1. When will the basketball match between Class 3 and Class 4 _____
2. I ____ to have read the article when he asked me about it.
3. When will the ceremony _____
4. That accident _____ at the corner.
5.Can you tell me what happened him just now
A. with B. for C. to D. at
【解析】celebration n. v celebrate
【解析】play tricks on sb. “捉弄某人” play jokes on sb.“对某人开玩笑
【解析】announce v. 通知，其名词形式为 announcement.
【解析】as +形容词/副词的原级+ as sb. can / could = as + 形容词/副词原级+ as possible.
【解析】sell out 卖光 （用物作主语时，常用于被动语态 be sold out）
【拓展】out 构成的短语：
give out 分发 hand out 分发 work out 得出结果 run out of 用完
go out 出去 find out 查明 look out 当心 take out 拿出
【解析】discovery.n.发现，其动词为discover，反义词为cover.
【解析】find out “找出，查明，弄清楚”，后可接名词名词性短语或宾语从句
【辨析】find out, look for 与 find
(1)find out 强调经过调查、询问、研究等曲折过程后才能找出。如：Please find out when the train leaves. 请查明火车什么时间离开。
(2)look for 意为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程。如：
I'm looking for it everywhere.我正在到处找它。
(3)find 意为“发现，找到”，强调寻找的结果。如：I can't find my pet dog.我找不到我的宠物狗。
【解析】end up (doing sth.)（以…）结束；最终成为；最后处于
I must make good use of my spare time, or I will end up doing nothing.
end up sth. 表示“结束某事”。
The scientist ended up his speech at last.那个科学家最后结束了演讲。
end up with sth. （以……）结束
The students began with speaking English, but ended up with speaking Chinese.
【解析2】marry v嫁娶
(1)A marry B. “A 与B结婚”
Bill married Mary on January 1, 1994.
(2) A and B get married = A and B are married A和B结婚
get married 结婚
Kate and Tom get married last year.
She married her daughter to a rich man.
(3) be married to sb 与……结婚
【解析1】 land on 意为“着陆；降落于,反义词组为take off
【解析】 hundred n 百 hundreds of 数以百的
thousand n 千 thousands of成千上万的 million n 百万 millions of成百万的
Thousands of ________ (visitor) come to my hometown Suqian every year.
【注】：(1)当hundred/ thousand/million 前面有具体的数字时，用单数形式
【解析】accident n.事故，accidental.adj 偶然的，accidentally adv. 偶然地 by accident = by chance = accidentally
【解析】miss doing
一. 根据汉语提示用适当形式填空。
1. I got up early this morning because I didn’t want to ___ (错过 ) the early bus.
2. The drop in prices was quiet __ _ (出乎意料的).
3. The _ __ (工人) fell down and got hurt.
4. The plane was flying __ (在上面) the clouds.
5. The river goes through the city from _ _ (西) to east.
6. There will be an _ _____ (意外的) surprise
7. The children _________ (冲，奔) out the school when the bell rang.
8. When spring comes, the snow and ice ____ (消失).
9. When I was about to read my book, I found I ______ (忘了带) it at home.
10. He __________ (醒来) very early and went out for a walk in the park.
11.I _____________ (让她搭便车), so she invited me to have dinner.
12. I hope that all of you will come to the meeting ___________ (准时).
13.He is the only person that is _ __ _ (可相信的).
14.This Monday my alarm clock didn’t ________ (发出响声) and I got up late.
15. What a _ _ (傻瓜) I was to believe he is a good man.
16. Few people realized the importance of the __ __ (发现).
17. He is not an _ ___ (军官), but a common soldier.
1. 当我到学校的时候，我意识到我把书包落在家里了。
When I got to school, I realized I ____ ____ my backpack at home.
2. 在我到公共汽车站之前，汽车已经离开。 ____ I _____ to the bus stop, the bus _____ _____ left.
3. 我起床时，我弟弟已经进入了浴室了。
By the time I ____ ____, my brother _____ already ____ in the shower.
4. Garl 的爸爸在街上看到我，捎了我一程。
Garl’s father saw me on the street and _____ me ____ ____ in his car.
5. 至少你到学校的时候，你只迟到了五分钟
___ ____ ___ ____ ___you got to school, you were only five minutes late for class.
6. 有时，坏事可以变成好事。 A bad thing can be _______ ________ a good one sometimes.
7. 我心中暗想道：“他在撒谎。” I _________ _________ myself, “He is lying.”
8. 你知道飞机什么时间起飞吗？ Do you know when the plane will ______ ______
9. 房间里全是学生。 The room _______ _______ ________ students.
10. 排队等候是有礼貌的。It’s good manners to ________ ________ ________.
11.昨天下午我直到写完作业才回家。 I _____go home yesterday afternoon _________ I finished my homework
12.The boy ____________________ (正要开始) but someone spoke first.
13. 人们相互开各种各样的玩笑。 People ___ all kinds of ____ ____ each other.
14. 她父亲抚养她直到她结婚。 Her father supported her until she ___ ____.
15. 一架飞机将降落在机场。 A plane will ____ ____ the airport.
16. 我的年龄是她的两倍还不止。 I’m ____ ____ twice as old as she.
17. 他经常彻夜不眠玩游戏。 He often ____ ____ ____ _______ playing computer games..
18. 生日晚会什么时候举行？When will the birthday party ____ ____
19. 这个小男孩想要尽可能多的礼物。The little boy wants ___ ___ ___ ___ possible.
20. 我下个月底会回来。I will be back ___ ___ ____ ____ last month.
21. 这家商店的衬衫都卖光了。 The shop ____ ____ all their shirts.
22. 我穿好衣服就去吃早餐。I ____ ____ and had breakfast.
【新冠肺炎专题】中考时事热点新闻做中考英语短文填空练习
请用适当的词完成下面的短文，每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Here (be)the latest images as the country faces a major public health problem.
The spread of a (mystery)respiratory virus (呼吸道病毒)has (make)the government limit travel in cities in China, (include)Wuhan. Wuhan is a city where the disease (find)last month. Then, it has spread across the nation and to least 10 other countries.
Things got (bad)just before the start of the Lunar New Year holiday on Friday, when (million) of people were traveling across China.
Many people work and live in Wuhan are now spending time (stay)with their families in other parts of the country. Epidemiologists（流行病学家）fear that could make the virus harder to control.
短文填空
五、短文填空(本大题有10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)
请用适当的词完成这篇短文，每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Dear Anne，
How are you I had great fun last Wednesday, 71.________ 12th,2013.It was a traditional Chinese festival called the Dragon Boat Festival that day.
This festival is in memory of Qu Yuan, one of 72.________ greatest Chinese poets.He killed himself by jumping into the Miluo River on May 5th of the lunar calendar(阴历), 278 BC.People there rowed the boats to 73.________ him.But it was too late.They were very sad and then threw rice into the 74.________ to feed the fishes so that they would stay away from his body.
75．________ then on, every year on this day, people enjoy 76.________ Zongzi which is made of rice with meat, eggs and so on.In the past we ate it only 77.________ a year, but now we regarded it as our daily food.We can have it any time we like.
Have you ever 78.________ the dragon boat race on TV It is another important part of this festival.Several teams row their dragon shaped boats as 79.________ as they can.The first team to reach the finish line wins.
If you have a plan to visit China next year, would 80.________ like to spend this festival with us
作文
李华，中考英语作文中的红人。他不仅学习好，而且还积极参加学校的各项活动，是一个全面发展的好学生。他性格开朗，乐于助人。
那么在2020年新型冠状病毒肆虐的时候，李华又会做些什么呢？我们一起来看看。
倡议书
假定你是李华，当前新型冠状病毒肆虐，你受学生会委托，围绕“从小事做起，共战疫情”这一主题，为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一封倡议书。
内容包括：
1. 倡议的原因和目的；
2. 倡议的具体内容；
3. 发出倡议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：新型冠状病毒 novel coronavirus
范文
Dear friends,
Over the past months, the novel coronavirus has made its way around China. It has a strong impact on our life and study. In order to ease the serious condition, all students had better do as follows.
First, stay at home and don’t go out unless necessary, which is beneficial to yourself and others. Second, do wear protective masks outdoors and wash hands as often as possible. And lastly, everyone ought to have a positive attitude to the campaign against the disease.
We have confidence that we will win the fight soon.
The Students’ Union
Feb. 21st, 2020
【经典例句】
① As high school students, it’s our duty to ...
作为高中生，……是我们的责任。
② Let’s start right now and spare no effort to do a little every day,every hour and every minute.
让我们从现在开始，每一天，每一小时，每一分钟都不遗余力地做一点。
③ Love can make miracles.
爱可以创造奇迹

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