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应 试 导 练
高考英语复习备考--语法填空题
Teaching Objects
To analyze:
Common mistakes
Possible reasons
Possible solutions
08—11四年语法填空题的语篇材料均为故事类题材，文字浅易，篇幅不长（200词左右)，材料中没有生僻和超纲的词汇，句子结构也不很复杂。
语法填空题的内容不仅涉及语法结构，还包括构词法、篇章连贯和意义对句子结构的制约作用。
试题特点
试题解读
语境+语法
题型再认识
英语考试大纲说明样题
Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life. [31] Behind these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop [32] to help (help) it grow”, is based on the following story.
It is said that a short—tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help [33] his rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about [34] it day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected.
One day, he came up with an idea [35] that he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day.
He was very tired [36] after doing this for a whole day, [37] but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” [38] higher (high).
His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither.
This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their [39] natural (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often [40] results (result) in the contrary to our intention.
意义制约-意义关系
扩展成份；意义制约
篇章制约-指代关系
篇章制约-指代关系
句子结构-分句层次
意义制约：语境意义
意义制约：分句逻辑意义关系
语境意义- 构词知识
句子结构 - 词类转换
句子结构 - 谓语动词
试题要求：
阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
语法填空
目 的:篇章意义的理解,尤其是在上下文意义关
系中应用语法知识的能力。
呈现方式:200字以内的连贯篇章(故事为主)，填入
虚词或用所给实词的适当形式填空。
好 处:克服了为考语法而考语法的弱点,将语法
知识的考察和篇章阅读能力的考察成功
地结合起来。
考查学生是否能理清句子结构的语法性和句子意义的逻辑性。需分析:
句子的构成成分（包括句子的基本成分和扩展成分）；
句子成分之间的一致性，比如，主谓一致、时态一致等；
句子的篇章制约;
句子的意义制约。
语境+语法
What’s the usual way you fulfill the task Grammar Filling
三步完成:
概读理解 – 分析填空 – 连贯检查
语 法
词法
句法
章法
惯用法
思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎样入手呢
1.The little boy pulled [33]________ right hand out
of the pocket … (07深圳一模)
冠词
物主代词
无提示词
可数名词单数之前
3. There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed [40]________ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. (07惠州一模)
5.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was [35]____ shy , nervous perfectionist. (08深圳二模)
the
a
his
考查语法点: 冠词, 物主代词的用法
连词或从句引导词
无提示词
两个主谓结构连接，用连词。
2. It was not long [39]_________ the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised at what she saw. (07深圳一模)
4. But nothing changed until midterm, [39]_________ Mary Anne, a student teacher, was appointed to our classroom. (08深圳二模)
before
when
考查语法点: 复合句中连接词、引导词的用法
介词
无提示词
与名词相连构成介宾短语做状语,补语等
与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语
3. In short, I believe that it is [39]__________ great use to keep a dairy in English… (07深二模)
5. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back [34]_________the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. (08深圳一模)
of
at
考查语法点: 介词的基本用法及搭配
谓语动词
有提示词
与主语构成主谓结构
1. I was certain she would like it because I [39] _______ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. (07广州一模)
6. His fear of failure [36]__________ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. (08深圳二模)
was told
kept
考查语法点: 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致
非谓语动词
有提示词
除谓语动词以外的动词形式
2. We must also consider the reaction of the person [32]__________ (receive) the gift. (07广州一模)
3. …I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left [36]___________ (complete) the rest! (07广二模)
6. My pupils, Donnie [40]__________ (include), adored her. (08深圳二模)
receiving
to complete
included
考查语法点: 非谓语动词及变形的使用
词性转换
有提示词
介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子
1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said [36]__________ (rude). (07深圳一模)
2. One of the [33]__________ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher… (07广州一模)
5. As far as I am concerned, my [37] ____________ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach. (08惠二模)
rudely
worst
suggestion
考查语法点: 各类词性的正确使用及转化
实词
虚词
一．根据句子结构，确定词性
动词
名词
形容词
副词
(代词)
冠词
介词
连词
(代词)
词性
有
提
示
词
无
提
示
词
主 + 谓
N./Pron.
Vt.
宾
N./Pron.
Vi.
宾
+ prep.
art.
art.
Adv.
Adj.
Adj.
___________,
Adv.
主 + 谓, ________________ 主 + 谓.
conj. /引导词
主 + 谓, _____________.
非谓语动词
引导词＋从句
㈠
㈡
①基本结构
②扩展成份
③从句
从前页可见：句子结构和层次
基本成分：主、谓、宾、表等。
理清分句关系；分清主次
去掉修饰成分，使句子结构一目了然。
宾补、状语、定语等；
动词词组特定意义的固定搭配
固定介词短语
二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形
冠词
定冠词,不定冠词, 物主代词的用法
并列句及复合句
非谓语
非谓语动词 to do, doing, done 及变形
谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致
连词
介词
介词的常用用法及词组搭配
词性变化
词汇, 构词法
谓语动词
2009语法填空
Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered
how difficult 31 was to choose a suitable Christmas present for
her father. She wished that he was as easy 32 （please）as her
mother，who was always delighted with perfume.
Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not 33 pleasant
experience: people stepped on your feet or 34 （push）you with
their elbows（肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.
Jane paused in front of a counter 35 some attractive ties were
on display. “They are real silk.” the assistant tried to attract her.
“Worth double the price. ” But Jane knew from past experience
that her 36 （choose）of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found
some good quality pipes 37 sale. She did not hesitate for long:
although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while，she knew
that this was a present which was bound to please 38 .
When Jane got home，with her small but well-chosen present in
her bag，her parents were already 39 table having supper. Her
mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop
smoking,” Jane 40 （inform）.
09语法填空
Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered
how difficult was to choose a suitable Christmas present for
her father. She wished that he was as easy （please）as her
mother，who was always delighted with perfume.
Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not pleasant
experience: people stepped on your feet or （push）you with
their elbows（肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.
Jane paused in front of a counter some attractive ties were
on display. “They are real silk.” the assistant tried to attract her.
“Worth double the price. ” But Jane knew from past experience
that her （choose）of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found
some good quality pipes sale. She did not hesitate for long:
although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while，she knew
that this was a present which was bound to please .
When Jane got home，with her small but well-chosen present in
her bag，her parents were already table having supper. Her
mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop
smoking,” Jane _ （inform）.
it
to please
where
a
him
chioce
on
was informed
at
pushed
One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment 16 (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 (sit) at the front. He 19 (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be 20 (mental) disabled. Behind him were other people to 21 he was trying to talk, but after some minutes 22 walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed I didn’t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him 23 his own either.
After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had 24 amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.
I’m glad I made a choice. It made 25 of us feel good.
2011年语法填空
One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment 16 (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 (sit) at the front. He 19 (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be 20 (mental) disabled. Behind him were other people to 21 he was trying to talk, but after some minutes 22 walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed I didn’t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him 23 his own either.
After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had 24 amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.
I’m glad I made a choice. It made 25 of us feel good.
2011年语法填空
later
until
sitting
was pretending
mentally
whom
they
on
an
both
A brief sum-up
语法填空题比起单选题来对考生提出了更高的要求。它 ； ；强化 。一些 至关重要，对文章的意思要理解透彻， 对 的关系要明确。
以语法为基础
以语境为依托
对句子的分析和理解
固定搭配
上下文，前后句
语境（context）
篇章意识
基础写作--基本句子写作训练
预 习

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