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必修5　Unit13　People
(主题语境:人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通)
核心考点课堂突破　
1.gainvt.&vi.&n.获得;增加;赢得;(钟表)快;收益
[教材原句]Well,knowing
these
things
can
help
you
gain
a
better
sense
of
yourself
as
a
reader,writer
and
thinker,and
you
can
develop
the
tools
to
become
a
better
learner.(P4)了解这些事情可以帮助你获得你自己的作为读者、作家和思想家更好的感觉,并且你可以开发工具以成为更好的学习者。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Staying
at
home,he
gains
fun
　　　　　watching
these
videos.?
②Practising
speaking
in
public,not
only
has
he
improved
his
ability
but
he
has
also
gained
　　　　　more
confidence.?
[完成句子]
③通过参加典礼,我不仅获得了一些知识,还受到鼓励与队友们协作。
By
attending
the
ceremony,not
only
have
I　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　but
I
am
also
encouraged
to
work
together
with
my
teammates.?
考点必记
gain
confidence获得自信
gain
by/from从……中获益
gain
in增长;增加
gain
weight增重
gain
time赢得时间
No
pains,no
gains.不劳无获。
[写作佳句]
Only
by
working
hard
can
we
at
last
become
successful.Just
as
the
saying
goes,“Nopains,nogains.”我们只有通过努力才能最终获得成功,正如谚语所说:“不劳无获。”
2.concentratevi.&vt.集中(思想、注意力等);使……集中(或集合、聚集)
[教材原句]Concentrate
on
what
is
really
important.(P5)集中注意力于真正重要的内容。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Ocean
colour
varies
from
green
to
blue,depending
on
the
type
and
　　　　　(concentrate)
of
phytoplankton(海洋微生物).(2019·北京卷,阅读理解D篇)?
②In
this
class,students
concentrate
　　　　　learning
to
develop
films.?
[小话题写作]
③在过去的两个月,我们一直专注练习打排球,希望赢得冠军。(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
?
?
考点必记
①concentrate
on/upon
集中于……
concentrate
one’s
attention
on/upon...把某人的注意力集中在……
②concentrated
adj.集中的;浓缩的;全神贯注的
concentration
n.专心;集中(注意力)
[写作佳句]
Don’t
get
yourself
tired
because
when
you
are
tired,you’ll
find
it
hard
to
concentrateon
your
study.别让自己太过疲劳,因为你疲劳时,你会发现你难以集中注意力去学习。
3.associatevt.联想,联系
[教材原句]Memories
are
stored
through
associating
new
memories
with
old
ones.(P5)记忆是通过将新记忆与旧记忆相关联被存储起来的。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Bamboo
plants
are
associated
　　　　　health,abundance
and
a
happy
home.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,语法填空)?
②His
English
improved
enormously
because
of
his
　　　　　(associate)
with
British
people.?
[完成句子]
③我们与本地一些公司联合为无家可归的人筹款。
We
are
working
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a
number
of
local
companies
to
raise
money
for
the
homeless.?
考点必记
①associate...with....把……和……联系/联想起来
associate
with
sb与某人交往或打交道
associate
oneself
with
sth声称或表示赞成某事
②association
n.协会,联盟,交往,关联,联系,联想
in
association
with与……相联系,与……联合
[写作佳句]
We
not
only
associate
the
heart
with
livelihood,but
it
is
also
one
of
main
symbols
of
love.我们不仅将心与生活联系起来,而且它也是爱的主要象征之一。
4.predictvt.预言,预测,预报
[教材原句]Supported
by
his
academic
research,Professor
Salovey
suggests
that
when
predicting
someone’s
future
success,their
character,as
measured
by
EQ
tests,might
actually
matter
more
than
their
IQ.(P8)萨洛维教授以自己的学术研究作为依据,认为预测一个人未来的成功,其性格(可用EQ来测量),实际上比其智力(可用IQ测量)的作用更为重要。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Puzzle
play
was
found
to
be
a
significant
　　　　　(predict)
of
cognition(认知)after
controlling
for
differences
in
parents’
income,education
and
the
amount
of
parent
talk,Levine
said.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②It’s
hard
　　　　　　　(predict)
when
driverless
cars
will
be
everywhere
on
our
roads.(2018·北京卷,阅读理解D篇)?
[完成句子]
③难以预测这一新规可能会带来的负面影响。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the
possible
side
effects
the
new
regulation
will
have.?
考点必记
①predict
sth
预测某事
predict
that/what/when...预测……
②predictable
adj.可预见的;意料之中的
prediction
n.预测,预报;预言
predictive
adj.预言性的,成为前兆的
predictor
n.预言家
[语境串记]
Some
predictors
spend
many
of
their
time
predicting
what
will
happen
in
the
future,thinking
all
is
predictive
and
that
their
predictions
are
sure
to
become
reality.
一些预言家花费很多时间来预测将来会发生什么,他们认为一切都是可预测的,并且他们的预测肯定会成为现实。
5.deservevt.应得,值得
[教材原句]For
example,have
you
ever
wondered
why
some
of
the
smartest
students
in
your
class,who
you
think
deserve
good
grades,sometimes
end
up
failing
exams?(P8)例如,你想过为什么班里有些你认为应该得到好分数的最聪明的学生有时结果会考不及格吗?
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①It’s
true
that
she
made
a
serious
mistake,but
she
hardly
deserved
　　　　　(lose)
her
job.?
②All
these
heroes
deserve
　　　　　　　　　　(respect)
because
they
have
all
done
something
great
to
us
all.?
③Congratulations
again
on
your
promotion.You
deserve
　　　　　.?
[完成句子]
④我的父亲,一位普通的老师,一直致力于帮助培养他所教的每个学生,值得受到崇敬。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
My
father,an
ordinary
teacher,who
always
devotes
to
helping
develop
each
student
he
teaches,　　　　　　　　　　.?
考点必记
①deserve
sth
应得到……
deserve
it理应得到
deserve
doing/to
be
done值得做
deserve
to
do应该做……;理应做……
deserve
attention/consideration值得注意/考虑
②deserving
adj.值得的;应得的
[名师点津]
①deserve不用于进行时态。
②deserve
doing/to
be
done意义和be
worth
doing相近,而deserve
to
do意义则与should
do/be
supposed
to
do相近。
6.desiren.渴望,欲望　v.渴望,想要
[教材原句]Tour
guides
need
to
be
independent,outgoing
and
have
a
desire
to
share
information.(P10)导游需要独立、外向,并渴望分享信息。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Publishers
already
in
business,people
who
were
owners
of
successful
papers,had
little
desire
　　　　　(change)
the
tradition.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
②With
the
summer
holiday
approaching,the
mother
desires
that
her
son
　　　　　(return).?
③An
interviewee’s
answer
that
shows
　　　　　desire
to
improve
behavior
and
continuously
learn
and
grow
is
important.?
[小话题写作]
④我哥哥,一名光荣的士兵如此感动我,我渴望将来有一天能参军。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
So
moved
am
I
by
my
brother,a
glorious
soldier
that
I　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the
army
one
day.?
考点必记
①desire
for
sth渴望得到某物
have
a
desire
to
do/for
sth有做某事/要某物的欲望/愿望
desire
to
do
sth想做某事
desire
sb
to
do
sth想让某人做某事
if
desired如果想要的话
desire
that
sb
(should)+v.要求某人做……
②desirable
adj.可取的,值得拥有的,值得做的
desirous
adj.渴望的,希望的
[写作佳句]
More
than
2,000
years
ago,our
ancestors,driven
by
a
desire
for
friendship,opened
the
Silk
Roads,starting
a
great
era
of
exchanges
among
civilizations.
两千多年前,在渴望得到友谊的驱使下,我们的祖先开辟了丝绸之路,开创了文明之间交流的伟大时代。
7.sheltern.居所,住处;遮蔽;避难处　vi.掩蔽;躲避
[教材原句]They
might
be
shelteringin
a
cave.(P12)他们也许躲在一个洞穴里。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①It
was
so
hot
that
the
travellers
stopped
and
stood
under
the
big
tree,sheltering
　　　　　the
heat.?
②She
told
me
that
some
of
the
children
lived
with
an
older
lady
in
　　　　　shelter
while
others
slept
on
the
streets.?
[完成句子]
③童年时,我常坐在屋前的大树下遮阳。
During
my
childhood,I
used
to
sit
under
the
big
tree
before
my
house,　　　　　　　　　　the
sun.?
考点必记
①shelter
sb/sth
from...给某人/某物提供庇护处;保护某人/某物
take
shelter
from
the
rain/wind/bad
weather躲避雨/风/恶劣的天气
shelter...from...保护……不受……的破坏
a
bus
shelter公共汽车站的候车亭
②sheltered
adj.有遮蔽物的
[写作佳句]
It’s
our
parents
who
always
shelter
us
from
the
rain
and
wind.正是我们的父母一直保护着我们躲避风雨。
8.reliefn.宽慰,轻松,解脱;减轻,消除;缓和;救济品
[教材原句]It’ll
be
a
real
relief
when
they’re
found.(P12)找到他们将真正是令人宽慰的事。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①It
was
　　　　　relief
and
I
came
to
a
sudden
stop
just
in
the
middle
in
the
road.?
②A
bright
red
cloud
enveloped
the
animal,and
　　　　　Mac’s
relief,it
fell
back,shaking
its
head.?
③　　　　　
(relief),I
sat
back
in
an
easy
chair
and
fell
asleep.?
考点必记
①(much)to
one’s
relief
令某人感到(非常)宽慰/庆幸的是
a
sense
of
relief一种解脱感
give
a
patient
relief
from
pain使病人减轻痛苦
②relieve
v.减轻,解除,救济
relieve
sb
from
anxiety消除某人的忧虑
relieve
sb
of...解除某人的……(如负担、责任等)
[写作佳句]
My
father’s
own
story
relieved
me
from
anxiety.我父亲自己的经历消除了我的忧虑。
9.confirmv.证实
[教材原句]After
confirming
that
I
was,Jenny
said
that
she
had
noticed
I’d
left
my
book
in
the
library
and
as
my
name
was
in
it,she’d
asked
a
librarian
to
get
my
phone
number
from
their
files.(P14)在确定是我以后,詹妮说她发现我把书留在了图书馆,因为书上有我的名字,她让图书管理员从档案中找到了我的电话号码。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The
survey
collects
large
quantities
of
　　　　　(confirm)
data,proving
the
influence
the
behavior
has
on
a
teenager’s
growth.?
②Many
people
have
claimed
to
have
seen
the
alien
which
is
not
　　　　　(confirm).?
[完成句子]
③确定你对中国文化感兴趣,我建议你申请中国最好的大学之一,北京大学。(2018·北京卷,书面表达)
　　　　　　　　you
are
interested
in
Chinese
culture,I
suggest
you
apply
for
Peking
University,one
of
the
best
universities
in
China.?
考点必记
①confirm
that...确认……
It’s/It
has
been
confirmed
that...已经确定……
confirm
sb
in
one’s
belief
that...某人更加坚定……
②confirmation
n.证实,确认书
confirmable
adj.可证实的
confirmed
adj.习惯的,根深蒂固的,得到确认的
[写作佳句]
The
expression
on
his
face
confirmed
me
in
my
belief
that
he
must
have
had
an
excellent
performance
in
the
final.他脸上的表情让我更加坚信他在决赛中表现一定十分出色。
10.accountn.(银行)账户;说明,描述,理由　v.解释,导致,把……视为
[教材原句]As
an
experienced
accountant,my
father
has
gained
the
respect
of
his
colleagues.(P15)作为一位经验丰富的会计师,我父亲已经得到同事的尊重。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The
results
held
true
even
after
the
scientists
accounted　　　　　
the
participants’
overall
health
status.(2020·浙江卷,阅读理解C篇)?
②Not
taking
the
possible
problems　　　　　
account,their
plan
failed
at
last.?
[小话题写作]
③新技术的应用和电影明星的广泛吸引力也可以解释这种增加的原因。
The
application
of
new
technologies
and
the
wide
appeal
of
movie
stars
could
also　　　　　　　　　　the
increase.?
考点必记
①open
an
account开户头
on
account
of因为……理由
on
no
account绝不
take...into
account=take
...into
consideration考虑……
take
no
account
of不考虑
account
for占;说明……的原因;导致
②accountant
n.会计,会计师
[名师点津]
①on
no
account表示“绝不”,放在句首句子使用部分倒装结构。
②account
for表示“导致”时类似于make
for,contribute
to,lead
to,result
in等。
11.devotevt.投身于;献身于,专心致志于(与介词to连用)
[教材原句]She
devotes
a
lot
of
her
time
to
caring
the
neighbours.(P17)
她把大量的时间都用在照顾邻居上。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①The
Cloisters
museum
and
gardens
is
a
branch
of
The
Metropolitan
Museum
of
Art
　　　　　(devote)
to
the
art
and
architecture
of
Europe
in
the
Middle
Ages.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解A篇)?
②President
Xi
calls
for
total
　　　　　(devote)
to
creating
a
modern
powerful
China
by
this
mid-century.?
③Neighbors
devoted
their
spare
time
to
　　　　　(help)
others
rebuild.?
考点必记
①devote...to
(doing)
sth
把……奉献给……,把……用于……
devote
oneself
to
(doing)
sth致力于(做)某事;献身于(做)某事
be
devoted
to
(doing)
sth献身于(做)某事,专心于(做)某事
②devotion
n.关爱;奉献;专心
devoted
adj.忠诚的,全心全意的
[写作佳句]
China
is
using
her
One
Belt
and
One
Road
Initiatives
to
bedevotedto
benefiting
the
whole
mankind.中国正在用其“一带一路”倡议致力于造福全人类。
12.wonderv.想知道;感到惊讶　n.惊讶,惊叹;奇迹;奇才
[高考佳句]I
wonder
if
parents
should
always
tell
the
truth
no
matter
the
consequences.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Fields
of
flowers,tile-roofed(瓦屋顶)
villages
and
tasty
meals
enrich
this
　　　　　(wonder)
experience.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解A篇)?
②　　　　　(wonder)
how
my
mum
could
consume
them
so
quickly,I
began
observing
her
daily
routine
for
two
weeks.?
[完成句子]
③最近,我和我的同学一起做了一个短剧,我想知道你是否可以抽出一些时间给我们提一些建议。(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)
Recently
I
together
with
my
classmates
made
a
short
play
and　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　you
could
spare
some
time
to
give
us
several
pieces
of
advice
about
it.?
考点必记
①wonder
if/whether...想知道是否……
wonder
at
sth
对某事感到吃惊
(It’s)
no
wonder...难怪……,……不足为奇
It’s
a
wonder
that...令人惊奇的是……
wonder
about想弄明白某事,想知道某事
②wonderful
adj.精彩的
wonderfully
adv.精彩地
[写作佳句]
Bill
is
an
optimistic
person.It’s
no
wonder
whenever
we
see
him,he
always
wears
a
smile
on
his
face.比尔是个乐观的人,难怪无论什么时候我们见到他,他都面带微笑。
13.can’thelpdoingsth禁不住做某事
[教材原句]I
couldn’thelplaughing
at
this
and
I
invited
her
back
to
my
apartment
for
a
quick
cup
of
tea.(P14)听了这话我忍不住笑了,然后我邀请她回我家喝杯茶。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Travelling
on
the
high-speed
train,we
couldn’t
help
　　　　　(admire)
the
rapid
development
of
our
motherland.?
②Dad
is
always
very
busy,and
he
can’t
help
　　　　　(do)
the
housework,even
at
weekends.?
③Looking
back,he
couldn’t
help
but
　　　　　(wonder)
whether
he
could
have
been
admitted
to
a
top
university
if
he’d
studied
diligently.?
[完成句子]
④我们被告知葡萄没有经过农药处理,因此我们在采摘时不禁吃了葡萄。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
We　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the
grapes
while
picking
them,as
we
were
told
the
grapes
hadn’t
been
treated
with
pesticides.?
考点必记
(can’t)
help
(to)
do
sth
(不能)帮忙做某事
cannot
help
but
do
sth禁不住做某事
cannot
choose
but
do
sth不得不做某事
can’t
help
(it)
没有办法,控制不了
have
no
choice
but
to
do
sth除了做某事以外别无选择
help
sb
with
sth帮助某人某事
help
sb
(to)
do
sth帮助某人做某事
[名师点津]
can’t
help
doing和can’t
help
but
do均表示“情不自禁做……”,注意后面动词的形式不同。
14.it’s...that...强调结构
[教材原句]At
work,itis
IQ
that
gets
you
hired
but
it
is
EQ
that
gets
you
promoted.(P8)在职场上,一个人的智商决定了你能否被录用,而情商则决定了你能否得到提拔。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①But
remember,it’s
you
　　　　　have
to
grow
and
read
and
reread
in
order
to
better
understand
your
friends.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②It’s
this
strange
form
　　　　　makes
race
walking
such
an
attractive
activity,however,says
Jaclyn
Norberg,an
assistant
professor
of
exercise
science
at
Salem
State
University
in
Salem,Mass.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
③It
was
when
I
got
back
to
my
apartment
　　　　　I
first
came
across
my
new
neighbors.?
[完成句子]
④另外,正是由于你的帮助,我的英语口语得到了改善,现在我成为一名英语志愿者,为有需要的外国人提供帮助。(2019·浙江卷,书面表达)
Additionally,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　my
spoken
English
has
improved
and
now
I
have
become
an
English
volunteer
to
help
the
foreigners
in
need.?
考点必记
①英语中对除了谓语以外的成分进行强调时,可以使用it’s...that...结构。
②被强调部分是人时,可以用it’s...that/who...结构。
[写作佳句]
It’s
how
we
fight
for
our
dream
not
what
will
achieve
that
matters.是我们如何为梦想而奋斗,而不是我们获得什么成就更为重要。
15.Itisgenerallybelievedthat...句型
[教材原句]Itisgenerallybelievedthat
people
with
high
EQs
are
open
to
new
ideas
and
have
positive
attitudes
towards
life.(P9)人们普遍认为高情商的人容易接受新思想,并对生活持积极态度。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①人们普遍相信熬夜对我们健康有害。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　staying
up
does
harm
to
our
health.?
②人们普遍相信教育能对一个人的人生产生影响。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　education
can
make
a
difference
to
a
person’s
life.?
③人们普遍认为EQ比IQ更重要。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　EQ
is
more
important
than
IQ.?
考点必记
①句中It
is
generally
believed
that...是一个常用句型,表示“人们通常相信……;人们普遍认为……”。句中的that
引导的从句是句子真正的主语,it为形式主语。它相当于People
generally
believe
that...。
②类似地,guess,think,suppose,accept等动词也可用于此结构。
[写作佳句]
It’sgenerallybelievedthat
Chinese
5G
technology
is
the
most
advanced.人们普遍相信中国5G技术是最先进的。
16.Aisas...,ifnot...thanB.句型
[教材原句]The
results
of
studies
such
as
these
show
that
EQ
is
as
important,if
not
more
important
than
IQ.(P9)这类研究结果表明,即使情商不比智商更重要,也至少与智商同样重要。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①努力如果不是比智力更为重要,也是和它一样重要。
Hard
work
is
as
important,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　intelligence.?
②我想证明,不上大学我就能自学一门受人尊重的职业,并且,不比我的竞争对手好的话,也至少和他们一样好。
I
want
to
prove
that
I
can
teach
myself
a
respectful
profession,without
going
to
college,and
be
just
as
good
as,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,my
competitors.?
③从这次活动中,我意识到参加实践活动如果不是比从书本上学习更有用,也是和其一样有用。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
From
this
activity,I’m
aware
that
taking
part
in
practical
activities
is
　　　　　　　　　　,if
not
more
useful,than
learning
from
books.?
考点必记
“A
is
as...,if
not...than
B.”表示“即使A不比B更……,也至少与它同样……”。其中,if
not...than实际上是一个省略的条件状语从句。
[名师点津]
该句型和“A
is
as...as,if
not...than,B.”意义相同,注意标点符号的使用不同。
17.it做形式宾语,后跟宾语从句
[教材原句]I
really
dislike
it
when
he
eats
garlic
for
lunch.(P11)我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①别指望有人总是会帮助你,你应该学会独立。
Don’t　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　somebody
can
always
help
you.You
should
learn
to
be
independent.?
②我讨厌她在我工作时给我打电话——我总是太忙,不能和她进行会话。
I
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　she
calls
me
at
work—I’m
always
too
busy
to
carry
on
a
conversation
with
her.?
考点必记
①句中it为形式宾语,后面when引导的是一个宾语从句。
②在表示喜好的动词like,dislike,hate,enjoy及appreciate,rely
on,depend
on等动词(短语)后跟宾语从句时,结构和dislike相同,常先用it做形式宾语,再将宾语从句放在后面。
[写作佳句]
I
hateitthat
I
am
interrupted
when
I
am
reading
carefully.我讨厌在仔细读书时被人打扰。
18.ifanything句型
[教材原句]Ifanything,it
made
me
even
angrier.(P14)如果说有什么不同的话,只会平添我几分怒气。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
如果有什么不同的话,真正的伟大几乎和权力与地位毫无关系。
The
greatness
has
little,　　　　　　　　　　,to
do
with
rank
or
power.?
考点必记
句中的if
anything是一个省略句,表示“如果有什么不同的话”。
[写作佳句]
Ifanything,he
can
now
face
difficulty
more
bravely.要说有什么不同的话,他现在能更加勇敢地面对困难。
随堂巩固迁移运用　
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.He
left
after
seven
months,physically
　　　　　(break)
and
having
lost
his
mind.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
2.Now
that
you’ve
listed
your
　　　　　(strength),list
your
imperfections.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)?
3.If
praise
is
sincere
and
focused
on
the
effort
not
the
outcome,you
can
give
it
as
often
as
your
child
does
something
that
　　　　　(deserve)
a
verbal
reward.(2019·浙江卷,概要写作)?
4.Reading
satisfies
my
desire
　　　　　(keep)
learning.And
I’ve
found
that
the
possibilities
that
lie
within
books
are
limitless.(2019·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)?
5.I’m
secretly
　　　　　(relief)
because
I
know
there’s
real
power
in
sharing
volunteer
responsibilities
among
many.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
6.She
wondered
　　　　　centuries
of
diving
could
have
led
to
the
evolution
of
physical
characteristics
that
made
the
task
easier
for
them.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
7.Being
liked
creates
opportunities
for
learning
and
for
new
kinds
of
life
experiences
that
help
somebody
　　　　　(gain)
an
advantage.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
8.Historical
　　　　　(accurate)
is
important
but
so
is
entertainment.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)?
9.Forgive
yourself
for
mistakes
that
you
have
made.We
are
often
ashamed
of
our
shortcomings,our
mistakes
and
our
　　　　　(fail).(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)?
10.Just
as
importantly,we
tend
　　　　　　　(associate)
fresh
air
with
health
care.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)?
Ⅱ.选词填空
appropriately,emergency,sharp,judging,facial
David’s
mother
was
cooking
when
her
hand
was
cut
by
the
1.　　　　　
knife.It
was
bleeding,and
she
let
out
a
scream.In
the
2.　　　　　,David,aged
5,who
was
concentrating
on
his
reading
heard
her
scream.He
came
to
her
aid.3.
from
her
4.　　　　　
expression,it
must
be
a
terrible
cut.He
immediately
dialed
an
ambulance.Meantime,he
tried
to
do
some
basic
first
aid
5.　　　　　.When
the
ambulance
arrived,the
doctor
spoke
highly
of
David.?
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全短文内容
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(在我所有的老师中,毫无疑问我的化学老师李老师是我最喜欢的老师).I
am
really
grateful
to
him
for
teaching
me
so
much.Mr
Lee
is
very
ordinary
in
terms
of
appearance.Although
only
in
his
early
forties,he
has
some
wrinkles
on
his
forehead.People
are
often
mistaken
in
thinking
that
he
is
a
serious
man.2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(然而,你越是了解他,你将越是发现他容易相处).3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(就是他教会我渴求知识).He
always
says
that
failure
is
nothing
and
he
never
judges
a
student
by
his
academic
performance.It
is
he
who
teaches
us
to
be
hardworking.4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(有时候他对工作如此投入,以至于我们都为他的健康担忧).Mr
Lee
is
such
a
great
teacher
that
I
will
respect
him
forever.?
必修5　Unit13　People
核心考点·课堂突破
1.①by　②in　③gained
some
knowledge
2.①concentration　②on/upon　③During
the
last
two
months
we
have
been
concentrating
on
practicing
playing
volleyball,hoping
to
win
the
champion.
3.①with　②association　③in
association
with
4.①predictor　②to
predict　③It’s
difficult
to
predict
what
5.①to
lose　②respecting/to
be
respected　③it　④deserves　honouring
6.①to
change　②(should)
return　③a　④desire
to
join
7.①from　②a　③sheltering
from
8.①a　②to　③Relieved
9.①confirmed　②confirmable/confirmed　③Confirming
that
10.①for　②into　③account
for
11.①devoted　②devotion　③helping
12.①wonderful　②Wondering　③I
wonder
if
13.①admiring　②do　③wonder　④couldn’t
help
eating
14.①that/who　②that　③that　④it
is
because
of
your
assistance
that
15.①It’s
generally
believed
that　②It’s
generally
believed
that　③It’s
generally
thought
that
16.①if
not
more
important
than　②if
not
better
than　③as
useful
17.①rely
on
it
that　②hate
it
when
18.if
anything
随堂巩固·迁移运用
Ⅰ.1.broken　2.strengths　3.deserves　4.to
keep　5.relieved　6.if
7.gain　8.accuracy　9.failures　10.to
associate
Ⅱ.1.sharp　2.emergency　3.Judging　4.facial　5.appropriately
Ⅲ.1.Of
all
my
teachers,there
is
no
doubt
that
my
chemistry
teacher
Mr
Lee
is
my
favorite
one
2.However,the
more
you
get
to
know
him,the
more
you’ll
find
him
easy
to
get
along
with
3.It
is
he
who
teaches
me
to
have
a
desire
for
knowledge
4.Sometimes
he
is
so
devoted
to
his
work
that
we
can’t
help
worrying
about
his
health
PAGEUnit14　Careers
(主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事)
核心考点课堂突破　
1.rewardn.奖赏;回报　vt.奖赏;给以回报;酬谢
[教材原句]The
old
lady
is
offering
a
reward
of
$50
to
anyone
who
finds
her
cat
for
her!(P21)这位老太太正在为任何为其找到猫的人提供50美元的奖励!
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①For
many
who
made
it
to
Dawson,however,the
　　　　　(reward)
were
worth
the
difficult
trip.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②A
team
of
researchers
trained
three
Rhesus
monkeys
to
associate
26
clearly
different
symbols
consisting
of
numbers
and
selective
letters
with
0-25
drops
of
water
or
juice
　　　　　a
reward.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
[完成句子]
③孩子们送给那位捐赠者一些花作为对其善行和帮助的回报。
The
children
sent
the
donor
some
flowers
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　her
kindness
and
help.?
考点必记
①in
reward
for
=in
return
for
作为报答;作为奖赏
as
a
reward
(for)作为(对……的)奖赏(报酬)
reward
sb
for
sth因某事而奖赏某人
reward
sb
with
sth用某物(奖赏)回报某人
②rewarding
adj.有报酬的;有益的;值得的
[写作佳句]
All
of
us
show
our
respect
for
the
retired
teacher
who
has
given
lessons
to
the
poor
children,getting
nothing
as
a
reward.我们所有人都表现出对那位退休教师的尊重,他为贫困儿童上课,不要任何回报。
2.chargevt.收费,要价;指控,控告;充电;猛冲　n.要价,收费;指控,控告;负责
[教材原句]Lawyers
charge
higher
fees
than
doctors.(P21)律师比医生收费更高。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①After
bargaining
with
the
customer
service,they
agreed
that
they
wouldn’t
charge
　　　　　delivery.?
②At
first
the
price
of
single
copies
was
seldom
a
penny—usually
two
or
three
cents
　　　　　(charge)—and
some
of
the
older
well-known
papers
charged
five
or
six
cents.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
[完成句子]
③在托儿所有一个十分淘气的男孩,并且请来了一位平常对孩子很自信的老师来管理他。
There
was
a
very
naughty
boy
in
the
nursery
and
a
teacher
who
was
generally
very
confident
with
the
children
was
asked
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　him.?
考点必记
charge
sb
with
sth指控某人犯……罪
charge
(sb)
for
sth因某物收(某人)钱
free
of
charge免费
take
charge
of接管,控制
in
charge
of负责……
in
the
charge
of由……负责
[名师点津]
charge表示“指控”,常和介词with连用;accuse表示“控告,指控”,常和介词of连用。
3.consultv.咨询,请教;查阅;商议
[教材原句]He
should
consult
Mr
Jensen
about
the
new
account
on
the
24th.(P23)他应该在24日就新账户咨询詹森先生。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①I
consulted
　　　　　a
physician,I
hired
a
fitness
coach,and
I
began
to
eat
small
and
healthy
meals.?
[完成句子]
②无论购买什么,我都倾向于咨询消费等级。(2018·江苏卷,书面表达)
I　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　consumption
ratings
whatever
I
purchase.?
考点必记
①consult
sb
(about
sth)
向某人咨询(某事)
consult
(with)
sb
about/on
sth与某人商量某事
consult
a
map查地图
consult...for...在……上查找……
②consultant
n.顾问
consultation
n.咨询;诊察;商议;会议
[名师点津]
“查字典”可用下面三种表达方式:
①consult
a
dictionary
②refer
to
a
dictionary
③look
up
a
word
in
a
dictionary
4.graspvt.理解,领会;抓牢,抓紧　n.理解,领悟;抓住,把握
[教材原句]She
said
she
chose
to
be
a
journalist
because
it
is
important
that
people
grasp
what
is
going
on
around
them.(P26)她说选择做记者是因为了解周围发生的事对人们是很重要的。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①It
may
be
difficult
　　　　　(grasp)
the
meaning
of
the
book
at
first
reading.?
②Don’t
you
think
your
explanation
is
too
complex
and
　　　　　the
children’s
grasp??
③After
reading
the
three
English
original
works,Li
Hua
found
that
he
had
　　　　　good
grasp
of
English
grammar.?
[完成句子]
④为了帮助我们更好地掌握历史,王老师查阅大量的历史书籍,尽可能多地给我们讲述历史故事。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
In
order
to
help
us
have　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　history,Mr.Wang
consults
a
large
quantity
of
history
books
and
tells
us
as
many
history
stories
as
he
can.?
考点必记
grasp
sth抓住某物;领会某事
grasp
sb
by
the
wrist抓住某人的手腕
grasp
one’s
meaning
领会某人的意思
have
a
good
grasp
of
sth对某物的领悟力好
beyond/within
one’s
grasp不能/能为某人所理解
[名师点津]
表示“对……掌握很好”除了
have
a
good
grasp
of
sth还有have
a
good
knowledge
of
sth,have
a
good
command
of
sth等。
5.hesitatev.犹豫,踌躇
[教材原句]She
hesitated
and
then
told
me
that
the
year
before
she
had
broken
her
wrist
and
that
the
previous
month
she
had
twisted
her
ankle.(P27)她犹豫了一下然后告诉我,前一年她弄断了手腕,前一个月她扭伤了脚踝。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Most
of
us
meet
new
people,and
new
ideas,with
　　　　　(hesitate).(2020·天津卷,阅读理解D篇)?
②Then
when
they
come
to
other
doors
in
life,be
they
real
or
metaphorical,they
won’t
hesitate　　　　　
(open)
them
and
walk
through.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)?
[小话题写作]
③如果在我们当地的镇上有画展,我会毫不犹豫地去参加。(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
If
there
is
an
art
exhibition
in
our
local
town,I
will
not　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　it.?
考点必记
①hesitate
to
do
sth犹豫做某事
hesitate
about/at/over
doing
sth做某事犹豫不决
②hesitation
n.犹豫;踌躇
without
hesitation毫不犹豫
hesitant
adj.犹豫的
hesitantly
adv.犹豫地
[写作佳句]
In
terms
of
means
of
transportation,we’re
still
hesitating
about
whether
to
drive
or
take
the
high-speed
train.至于交通方式,我们还在犹豫是开车还是乘高铁。
[语境串记]
When
the
others
were
hesitant
about
whether
to
help
the
fallen
old
lady,Sun
Tao
didn’t
hesitate
to
run
over
and
carried
her
to
his
own
car.At
the
same
time,his
friend
lent
a
hand
without
hesitation.
当别的人在犹豫是否要帮那位摔倒的老太太时,孙涛没有犹豫,跑过去把她抱到自己的车上,同时,他的朋友也毫不犹豫地帮忙。
6.decreasen.减少;减少量　v.减少,降低
[教材原句]Jobs
in
farming,coal
mining
and
heavy
industry
are
decreasing
rapidly.(P28)农业、煤矿业和重工业的职位迅速减少。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①　　　　　
(decrease)
the
amount
of
rubbish
and
to
protect
the
environment,more
governments
are
requiring
people
to
recycle
materials.?
②If
you
have
any
of
these
symptoms,change
your
life
goals
and
　　　　　(decrease)
your
tolerance
of
stress.?
③Due
to
the
flood,the
rice
production
has
decreased
　　　　　9%
in
this
region.?
[完成句子]
④为了增加我们的锻炼时间,我们学校已经要求老师减少我们的家庭作业量。(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)
To
add
more
time
to
exercise,our
school
demands
that
teachers
should　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　our
homework.?
考点必记
decrease
sth使……减少
decrease
in...在……(方面)降低/减少
decrease
by...减少了……
decrease
to...减少到……
on
the
decrease在减少
[写作佳句]
According
to
the
survey,it’s
obvious
that
there
has
been
a
decrease
in
the
number
of
Chinese
people
studying
French.根据那项调查,很明显,中国人学习法语的人数有所减少。
7.operatevi.运转,运作;做手术　vt.操作;经营,管理
[教材原句]Similarly,companies
will
operate
in
different
ways.(P28)同样,公司也将以不同的方式运转。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Who
is
responsible
for
the
　　　　　(operate)
of
such
vehicles
is
not
clear
among
car
makers,consumers
and
lawyers.?
②Because
of
the
confusion,Merat
thinks
some
car
makers
will
wait
until
vehicles
can
be
fully
automated
without
human
　　　　　(operate).?
③The
state
also
cleared
the
way
for
companies
to
sell
or
rent
out
self-driving
cars,and
for
companies
　　　　　　　(operate)
driverless
taxi
services.(2018·北京卷,阅读理解D篇)?
[完成句子]
④我们邀请你加入我们的原因之一是希望你能指导我们更加熟练地操作机器人。
(2018·天津卷,读后续写)
One
of
the
reasons
why
we
invite
you
to
join
us
is
that
we
hope
you
can
instruct
us　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　more
skillfully.?
考点必记
①operate
sth经营……,使……运转
operate
on
sb给某人做手术
②operation
n.手术,经营
operator
n.操作员,手术者
come
into
operation开始运转
be
in
operation工作中;使用中;有效
[名师点津]
operate表示“操作,经营,管理”时为及物动词,而当其表示“运转,做手术”时为不及物动词,表示“给某人做手术”应用operate
on
sb,介词on不可省去。
[写作佳句]
The
boy
who
was
operated
on
last
Sunday
is
skilled
at
operating
computers.上周日接受手术的那个男孩操作计算机十分熟练。
[语境串记]
What
a
pity!The
operator
didn’t
operate
the
machine
correctly
and
led
to
an
accident,causing
many
people
to
be
hurt.One
victim
might
need
an
operation.真是遗憾!那位操作员没有正确操作机器而导致了一次事故,导致许多人受伤,其中一位受害者可能需要做手术。
8.respondvi.回应,响应,反应;回复,回答
[教材原句]Many
more
people
will
work
for
small,dynamic
companies
which
can
respond
quickly
to
changes
in
the
market.(P28)更多人将在那些充满活力的小公司里工作,因为这些公司能够对市场的变化迅速做出反应。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Rather
than
getting
caught
up
in
how
you
could
have
done
better,why
not
offer
yourself
a
compassionate(有同情心)
　　　　　(respond)?(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)?
②This
one
stranger
　　　　　(respond)
beautifully
to
my
small
crisis,but
she
actually
wasn’t
the
only
one.(2020·天津卷,完形填空)?
[完成句子]
③对一些事件并非每个人都做出相同的反应,这就是为什么触发一个人的事可能会或可能不会触发另一个人的原因。
Not
everyone
acts
the
same
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　events,and
that
is
why
what
triggers
one
person
may
or
may
not
trigger
another.(2018·北京卷,七选五)?
考点必记
①respond
to
sth对某事做出回应
respond
by
doing
sth以做某事的方式回应
respond
that...答复……
②response
n.回应,反应,回答
give/make
no
response
to...对……不予回答/回应
in
response
to...作为对……的回应
with
no
response没有回答,没有反应
[写作佳句]
The
award-winner
responded
that
he
owed
his
success
to
the
support
from
his
wife
and
daughter.那位获奖者回答说他的成功应归功于他妻子和女儿的支持。
9.comfortn.安慰,舒适　vt.安慰
[教材原句]Working
like
this
allows
you
to
live
where
you
want,to
continue
your
studies
and
to
enjoy
the
comfort
of
having
a
lot
more
free
time.(P28)这样的工作方式使你能够住在想住的地方,继续你的学业,并且享受拥有更多自由时间的舒适生活。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①After
eight-hour
hard
work,Jack
at
last
completed
his
task
and
sat
back
　　　　　comfort,enjoying
the
light
music.?
②People
want
to
listen
to
someone
who
is
interesting,relaxed
and
　　　　　(comfort).(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,七选五)?
③Jin
Li
thinks
it
　　　　　comfort
to
live
in
the
countryside
with
her
parents.?
[小话题写作]
④谈到你得带上的物品,需要一些适合夏季的衣服、一把伞,另外,也应该包括舒适的鞋及其他物品。(2019·北京卷,书面表达)
When
it
comes
to
the
objects
you
have
to
take,some
clothes
suitable
for
summer
and
an
umbrella
are
needed.In
addition,　　　　　　　　　　and
other
objects
you
need
should
be
included.?
考点必记
①live
in
comfort
生活舒适
a
few
words
of
comfort几句安慰的话
comfort
sb安慰某人
②comfortable
adj.舒适的,安逸的
comfortably
adv.舒适地,安逸地
[名师点津]
comfort用作名词时表示“舒适,安慰”,为抽象名词,它也可用以表示具体的事情,即“舒适的事”,此时为可数名词。
10.makeup编造;整理;和解;弥补;拼凑;构成;化妆
[教材原句]Makeup
information
about
yourself.(P24)编造你自己的信息。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Unusual
fashion
shows
in
New
Orleans
and
Brooklyn
have
showcased
nutria
fur
made
　　　　　clothes
in
different
styles.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
②This
is
a
quick
look
at
life
in
Uzbekistan,made
　　　　　friendliness
and
warmth,but
also
its
darker
side
of
society.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
[完成句子]
③我们无法理解他为什么会编造出这样的一个借口。
We
can’t
　　　　　　　　　　why
he
　　　　　　　　　　such
an
excuse.?
考点必记
make
out理解,辨认出
make
it成功做到
make
for有利于;促成;朝……的方向移动
make
it
to到达
make
up
(to
sb)
for
sth
(对某人)因某事而给予补偿
make
up
with
sb与某人和好
make
known传达,使知晓
be
made
into被制成
be
made
up
of由……组成
be
made
of/from由……制成
[名师点津]
表示“促成”之意的短语还有:contribute
to,bring
about,lead
to,account
for等。
11.payoff得到好结果;取得成功;还清;付清工资(解雇)
[教材原句]This
paidoff
because
she
won
an
award
for
the
report.(P26)这种努力也得到了回报,她因为那篇报道获了奖。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①After
graduation,she
worked
to
help
her
sisters
and
brothers
pay
　　　　　their
schooling.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②The
environmental
challenges
are
significant
but
the
efforts
made
by
the
Tanzania
National
Park
Authority
seem
to
be
paying
　　　　　.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)?
③But
through
all
this,Hannah
still
has
the
normal
life
of
a
Winnipeg
schoolgirl,except
that
she
pays
regular
visits
　　　　　homeless
people.?
[完成句子]
④我写信邀请你与我一起参观将在我们学校举行的中国剪纸艺术展。
I’m
writing
to
invite
you　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the
Chinese
Paper-Cutting
Art
Exhibition
together
with
me,which
is
to
be
held
in
our
school.?
考点必记
pay
for付……的钱
pay
sb
back
for
sth因某事向某人报复
pay
sb
back
(sth)还(钱)给某人;偿还
pay
up付清;缴清
pay
sb
off付清工资后解雇某人
get
paid得到报酬
pay
attention
to注意
pay
a
visit
to拜访;参观
[写作佳句]
Carry
on
going
all
out,and
your
hard
work
will
surely
payoff
in
time.继续竭尽全力,你的努力最终一定会得到好的结果。
12.incase以防万一;万一
[教材原句]Work
with
more
than
one
program
incase
you
have
to
use
them
at
work,and
try
to
read
about
new
technology.(P28)学习几种软件以备工作之需,努力了解最新的技术。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①　　　　　
some
cases,it’s
not
so
much
the
treatment
of
the
animals
on
set
in
the
studio
that
has
activists
worried.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②The
doctor
shares
his
phone
number
with
the
patients　　　　　
case
they
need
medical
assistance.(2019·江苏卷,单项填空)?
[完成句子]
③这次,我们待在一起,以防其他异常情况发生。(2018·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)
?
考点必记
in
case
of万一,如果,假使
in
no
case决不(置于句首时句子用倒装)
in
any
case无论如何,不管怎样
in
this/that
case如果这样/那样,若是这样/那样的话
as
is
often
the
case这是常有的事
[写作佳句]
Asisoftenthecase,if
you
don’t
have
a
good
mindset,you
will
not
be
able
to
achieve
your
goal.情况常常如此,如果你没有一个好的心态,你就不能实现你的目标。
13.ratherthan而不是
[教材原句]Ratherthan
going
into
an
office,a
lot
of
people
are
connected
to
the
Internet
and
now
work
from
home.(P28)现在很多人不去办公室,而是与互联网连接,在家里办公。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The
company
aims
at
quality
rather
　　　　　quantity,which
is
why
it’s
been
developing
well.?
②This
new
product,　　　　　
rather,this
new
style
of
shirt,is
not
very
attractive.?
[完成句子]
③不是他的外表,而是他所做的事赢得了我们的尊重。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
It’s
what
he
has
done
　　　　　　　　　　what
he
looks
like
that
wins
us
respect.?
考点必记
①rather
than可作为一个连词词组,用来连接两个并列成分,表示在两者中进行选择,意为“是A而不是B”,“要A不要B”,“宁愿A而不愿B”。
②rather
than后面可以接名词、名词短语、代词、形容词、副词、动词不定式、动词-ing形式等。
③rather
than连接两个并列的成分做主语时,句子的谓语动词要根据其前面的主语确定单复数形式。
[名师点津]
①rather
than表示“而不是”,指两者之间排除一个。
②more
than的意思是“多于;不仅仅;很;非常”。
③or
rather的意思是“更确切地说”。
④other
than意思是“除……以外”。
14.tell后接复合宾语
[教材原句]Tellhertophone
you
if
she
needs
any
more
guidance.(P22)告诉她如果她需要更多的指导就给你打电话。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①I
often
found
myself
telling
my
mom
　　　　　(drive)
more
slowly,so
that
I
could
read
all
of
the
road
signs
we
passed.(2019·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)?
②Our
Chinese
teacher
suggests
us
　　　　　(read)
as
many
famous
literary
works
as
we
can.?
③Before
the
film
began,each
woman
was
asked
　　　　　(help)
herself
to
a
snack.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
[完成句子]
④接着是我让他们自己尝试的时候。
(2018·北京卷,书面表达)
Next
came
the
moment
when
I　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a
try
themselves.?
考点必记
①句中tell
sb
to
do表示“告诉某人做某事”,是tell后接复合宾语的用法,属于间接引语的一种常用句型,后面的动词不定式为宾语补足语。
②如表示“告诉某人不要做某事”则应用tell
sb
not
to
do
sth。
③间接引语可根据情况选用动词ask,order,instruct,advise,beg等,它们和tell的结构相同,但suggest则应用结构suggest
sb
(sb’s)
doing。
[写作佳句]
Even
if
the
father
tells
him
not
to
wear
his
uniform
again
and
again,the
son
will
just
not
listen.即使那位父亲反复告知他儿子不要穿他的制服,他儿子就是不听。
15.do/did用以加强语气
[教材原句]Unfortunately,I
didn’t
have
much
time
to
find
out
about
the
organisation,but
I
did
write
down
all
the
things
I’m
good
at,like
playing
video
games!(P24)不幸的是,我没有多少时间去查明那个组织的情况,但我的确写下了我所擅长的所有的事,如玩电子游戏!
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①孟子说:“伟人是不会失去孩子的心的人。”但是我们大多数人确实会失去它。(2020·天津卷,阅读理解D篇)
“The
great
man,”
said
Mencius(孟子),“is
he
who
does
not
lose
his
child’s
heart.”Yet
most
of
us
　　　　　　　　　　it.?
②我妻子真正意识到那不是梦时也很震惊。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,听力)
My
wife
was
also
in
shock
when
she
　　　　　　　　　　it
wasn’t
a
dream.?
③一整天的辛苦劳动后我们的确感到很累,但我们真的很快乐。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
After
a
whole
day’s
hard
work,we
　　　　　　　　　　very
tired,but
we
were
really
happy.?
考点必记
①do常用在肯定句中来加强语气,此时,谓语的时态及人称和数的变化都应体现在do上,主要动词应用原形。
②do的强调用法一般用于一般现在时态的句子中;did常用于一般过去时态的句子中。
[写作佳句]
Although
our
team
lost
the
game,our
monitor
did
stand
out
in
it.尽管我们队输了比赛,但在比赛中我们班长的确表现得十分抢眼。
16.theinstant引导时间状语从句
[教材原句]Theinstant
she
stopped
asking
questions,I
got
up
and
went
out
of
the
room.(P24)她一停止问问题,我就起身走出了房间。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①一下车孩子们就朝大海奔去。
The
children
rushed
to
the
sea　　　　　　　　　　they
got
off
the
bus.?
②我一到巴黎,一对热心的法国夫妇就接待了我。
　　　　　　　　I
arrived
in
Paris,I
was
greeted
by
a
nice
French
couple.?
③一进入农场我们就看到许多挂满果实的大树。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
We
saw
many
big
trees
with
a
lot
of
fruits
hanging
on
them　　　　　　　　　　we
went
into
the
farm.?
考点必记
句中the
instant
为从属连词,引导时间状语从句,意思是“一……就……”。
[名师点津]
可以引导时间状语从句,表示“一……就……”的从属连词还有the
moment,the
minute,the
second,directly,immediately,instantly等。注意:no
sooner...than...及hardly...when...也用以表示“一……就……”,但它们一般用以表示过去已经发生的事。
17.although引导让步状语从句
[教材原句]Although
there
were
lots
of
difficulties
to
overcome,she
never
let
her
problems
defeat
her.(P26)尽管有许多困难要去克服,但她从来没有让困难打败自己。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①This
led
to
an
unexpected
consequence,　　　　　
she
had
a
wonderful
time
there.(2019·江苏卷,完形填空)?
②Music
was
his
true
passion,　　　　　
he
had
never
performed
outside
the
family.(2019·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)?
[完成句子]
③清晨我们到达了离我们学校三公里的农场,尽管天气很热,我们还是感到非常兴奋,因为我们发现这个农场真的很大,那里种着各种各样的果树、蔬菜。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
Arriving
at
the
farm
that
is
three
kilometers
from
our
school
early
in
the
morning,we
felt
very
excited
　　　　　it
was
very
hot
because
we
found
the
farm
was
really
large
　　　　　a
variety
of
fruit
trees,vegetables
growing
there.?
考点必记
①although引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然,尽管”。
②句子使用了although引导让步状语从句时,主句前不可再用but,但可以用yet来连接。
[写作佳句]
Although
he
himself
was
not
rich,the
former
teacher
donated
almost
all
his
money
to
help
the
orphans.尽管那位前老师自己并不富裕,但他捐出了几乎所有的钱来帮助那些孤儿。
18.withoutdoubt毫无疑问
[教材原句]Withoutdoubt,the
number
of
jobs
in
information
technology
will
multiply.(P28)毫无疑问,信息技术领域的工作职位将会大幅度地增加。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①这无疑是所有事情中最令人讨厌的。
It
is
　　　　　　　　　　the
most
annoying
of
all.?
②毫无疑问,剧院为该地区的发展和经济增长做出了贡献。(2018·江苏卷,任务型阅读)
　　　　　　　　the
theater
has
contributed
to
the
area’s
development
and
economic
growth.?
[句式升级]
③Without
doubt,they
didn’t
tell
the
truth.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　they
didn’t
tell
the
truth.?
考点必记
①without
doubt表示“毫无疑问”,一般放在句首或句中。
②该结构可以和There
is
no
doubt
that...句式进行改写,其中that引导同位语从句。
[写作佳句]
Lang
Ping
is
withoutdoubt
one
of
the
finest
volleyball
players
and
coaches
in
the
world.郞平无疑是世界上最好的排球运动员及教练之一。
随堂巩固迁移运用　
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.For
the
second
test,　　　　　
one
case
the
thin
actor
took
two
pieces
of
candy
from
the
snack
bowls.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
2.If
you
appear
interested
in
what
people
are
saying,they’d
feel
more
　　　　　(comfort)
talking
with
you.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,听力)?
3.If
the
monkeys
touched
the
left
side
of
the
screen
they
would
be
rewarded
　　　　　seven
drops
of
water
or
juice.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
4.Asking
a
favor
of
the
President
of
the
United
States
was
no
　　　　　(casually)
matter,especially
for
a
seventeen-year-old
girl.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)?
5.If
a
student
gets
hungry
on
the
long
drives
to
and
from
school,Wilson
never
hesitates
　　　　　　　(buy)
them
a
meal.(2019·北京卷,完形填空)?
6.Kate
heard
a
man’s
voice
in
the
background,but
she
couldn’t
make
　　　　　what
he
was
saying.(2019·天津卷,单项填空)?
7.　　　　　
the
programme
asks
the
members
only
to
drive
students
to
and
from
their
classes,Wilson
often
goes
beyond
to
ensure
the
welfare
and
safety
of
the
students.(2019·北京卷,完形填空)?
8.When
you
were
trying
to
figure
out
　　　　　to
buy
for
the
environmentalist
on
your
holiday
list,fur
probably
didn’t
cross
your
mind.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
9.We
are
therefore
not
talking
about
adapting
to
a
new
standard,but
to
a
　　　　　(constant)
shifting
set
of
conditions.?
Ⅱ.选词填空
instant,wisdom,hesitation,carpenter,dynamic,qualification
My
uncle
is
a
1.　　　　　.He
always
makes
nice
furniture
for
people
with
his
2.　　　　　.He
graduated
from
college
and
got
the
3.　　　　　
of
operating
a
furniture
factory.As
a
4.　　　　　
person,my
uncle
always
spends
his
time
studying
how
to
make
satisfying
goods
and
of
course,he
is
always
trying
to
help
people
in
his
neighbourhood.The
5.　　　　　
he
learns
that
there’s
someone
in
need,he
will
lend
his
hand
without
6.　　　　　.?
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全短文内容
Dear
Sir
or
Madam,
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(我写信是要申请我前几天在报上看到的你们公司广告的一个职位).I
would
be
interested
in
the
role
of
part-time
tour
guide.?
My
name
is
Li
Hua
and
I
am
18
years
old.2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(我认为因为下面的资历我可能适合这份工作).I
know
the
attractions
in
the
surrounding
areas
very
well
as
I
have
read
a
variety
of
books
about
them.3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(另外,我性格外向、友好、灵活忠诚,这意味着我不会有与不同背景的人相处的问题).Besides,my
good
communication
skills
allow
me
to
respond
to
difficult
situations
quickly.4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(去年,我当导游接待了一群外国学生,他们玩得很愉快).?
I
am
looking
forward
to
hearing
from
you.
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
Unit14　Careers
核心考点·课堂突破
1.①rewards　②as　③in
reward
for
2.①for　②was
charged　③to
take
charge
of
3.①with　②tend
to
consult
4.①to
grasp　②beyond　③a　④a
better
grasp
of
5.①hesitation　②to
open　③hesitate
to
take
part
in
6.①To
decrease　②decrease　③by　④decrease
the
amount
of
7.①operation　②operation　③to
operate　④to
operate
the
robot
8.①response　②responded　③in
response
to
9.①in　②comfortable　③a　④comfortable
shoes
10.①into　②of　③make
out;made
up
11.①for　②off　③to　④to
pay
a
visit
to
12.①In　②in　③This
time,we
stayed
together,in
case
anything
else
unusual
happened.
13.①than　②or　③rather
than
14.①to
drive　②reading　③to
help　④asked
them
to
have
15.①do
lose　②did
realize　③did
feel
16.①the
moment/instant/second/minute　②The
moment/instant/minute/second　③the
moment/minute/second/instant
17.①though/although　②though/although　③though/although;with
18.①without
doubt　②No/Without
doubt　③There’s
no
doubt
that
随堂巩固·迁移运用
Ⅰ.1.in　2.comfortable　3.with　4.casual　5.to
buy　6.out
7.Although/Though　8.what　9.constantly
Ⅱ.1.carpenter　2.wisdom　3.qualification　4.dynamic　5.instant　6.hesitation
Ⅲ.1.I
am
writing
to
apply
for
a
position
in
your
company
that
I
saw
advertised
in
the
newspaper
the
other
day
2.I
think
I
might
be
right
for
the
job
due
to
the
following
qualifications
3.In
addition,I
am
outgoing,friendly,flexible
and
committed,which
means
I
won’t
have
problems
getting
on
with
people
from
different
backgrounds
4.Last
year,I
was
in
charge
of
a
group
of
foreign
students
as
a
tour
guide,and
they
had
a
great
time
PAGEUnit15　Learning
(主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习)
核心考点课堂突破　
1.suspectv.怀疑;不信任;觉得　n.可疑分子,犯罪嫌疑人　adj.可疑的;靠不住的
[教材原句]I
suspect
that
they
laid
me
off
because
the
company
was
not
doing
that
well
but
it
still
brought
a
lump
to
my
throat
and
made
me
want
to
cry.(P36)我怀疑他们裁掉我是因为公司经营得不是很好,但这仍然使我喉头哽咽,让我想哭。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①She
suspected
　　　　　one
of
her
three
daughters—then
ten,eight,and
six—had
picked
it
up,but
the
girls
said
they
hadn’t.?
②In
Samarkand,Mr
Bissell
admires
the
architectural
wonders,while
on
his
way
to
Bukhara
he
gets
a
taste
of
police
methods
when
suspected
　　　　　drug
dealing.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
③The
young
man’s
hesitant
answer
to
those
questions
made
the
police
　　　　　(suspect).?
[完成句子]
④人们怀疑那个年轻人在撒谎。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　the
young
man
is
telling
a
lie.?
考点必记
①suspect
(that)+从句怀疑……
suspect
sb
of
(doing)
sth怀疑某人(做)某事
be
suspected
of
doing
sth被怀疑做某事
②suspicious
adj.可疑的,怀疑的,疑惧的
be
suspicious
about/of
sth/sb怀疑某事/某人
it
is/was
suspected
that...有人怀疑……
suspiciously
adv.怀疑地,可疑地
[写作佳句]
All
of
us
suspected
that
it
was
our
monitor
who
had
spent
his
weekends
decorating
our
classroom.我们大家都怀疑是班长利用周末时间布置了教室。
2.instructv.指导,教导;指示,命令
[教材原句]I
got
my
grandson
to
instruct
me
on
how
to
email
and
use
the
Internet
and
I
really
enjoy
the
speed
at
which
my
messages
get
sent
and
answered.(P36)我让我的孙子教我怎样收发电子邮件和使用互联网。我真的很喜欢信息的传送和回复速度。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Turn
to
an
online
　　　　　(instruct)
for
help.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,七选五)?
②Not
feeling
well,the
president
instructed
his
secretary
　　　　　(cancel)
all
the
arrangements.?
[完成句子]
③班主任说明不应该把手机带进教室。
Our
headteacher
instructs
that
no
mobile
phone
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　into
the
classroom.?
[小话题写作]
④在一些经验丰富的农民指导我们如何辨别生的西瓜和熟的西瓜后我们开始干活了。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
After
some
experienced
farmers　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　ripe
melons
from
green
ones,we
started
to
work.?
考点必记
①as
instructed按照指示
instruct
sb
in
sth指导/教导某人某事
instruct
sb
to
do
sth指示某人做某事
instruct
sb
that
sb
(should)
do
sth命令某人做某事
②instruction
n.用法指南;指示
instructor
n.教师,讲师
instructive
adj.增长知识的;富有教育意义的
follow
the
instructions按照说明操作
ignore/carry
out
sb’s
instructions
忽视/执行某人的命令
under
instructions按指令
[写作佳句]
Everything
done
in
the
lab
was
under
instructions,so
nothing
unexpected
happened.在实验室所做的一切都是按指令进行的,所以没有什么出乎意料的事发生。
3.buryv.埋葬
[教材原句]So
many
people
think
that
after
you
retire,all
you
can
do
is
switch
off
your
brain
and
bury
everything
you’ve
ever
learnt.(P36)所以很多人认为退休后你能做的就是关闭大脑,埋葬所学过的任何东西。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①After
failing
the
exam,Jim
buried
　　　　　(he)
in
his
study.?
②When
these
organisms
die,they
bury
carbon
　　　　　the
deep
ocean,an
important
process
that
helps
to
regulate
the
global
climate.(2019·北京卷,阅读理解D篇)?
③　　　　　
(bury)
in
studying
his
new
machine,Professor
Cheng
sometimes
even
forgets
to
have
his
meals.?
[完成句子]
④高中时,我常常和同学们专心训练英语口语,以便我能很好掌握它。(2018·浙江卷,书面表达)
During
my
senior
high,I
would
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　spoken
English
with
my
classmates
so
that
I
had
a
good
grasp
of
it.?
考点必记
bury
oneself
in
(doing)
sth埋头(做)某事
bury
one’s
face
in
one’s
hands双手掩面
be
buried
in
(doing)
sth专心(做)某事
be
buried
in
thought深思,沉思
[写作佳句]
Facing
the
sea,he
looked
at
the
rising
sun,his
hands
buried
in
his
pockets.面朝大海,他双手放在口袋里,看着冉冉升起的太阳。
4.distinguishvi.&vt.辨别;区别;显示……的差别;使……有所不同
[教材原句]If
the
room
hadn’t
been
dark,he
would
have
distinguished
the
two
pictures.(P37)如果不是房间很暗,他就区分开那两张照片了。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①As
far
as
I
know,she
has
already
distinguished
　　　　　(she)
as
an
athlete.?
②This
task
interdependence
distinguishes
baseball
　　　　　football
and
basketball.(2019·北京卷,七选五)?
③No
one
will
ever
know
what
mix
of
talent,ambition,energy
and
luck
made
Dickens
such
a
　　　　　(distinguish)
writer.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解A篇)?
[完成句子]
④在帮助农民们收获西瓜的活动中,我们学会了辨别哪种西瓜可能尝起来美味。(2019·北京卷,书面表达)
?
?
考点必记
①distinguish
between...and...区别/辨别……和……
distinguish...from...使……有别于……
distinguish
oneself
(as...)(作为……)使出众;使著名
be
distinguished
for
sth以……而著称
②distinguished
adj.有尊严的,高贵的;卓越的;杰出的
[写作佳句]
The
Chinese
nation
is
distinguished
for
its
diligence
and
courage.中华民族以勤劳和勇敢著称。
5.alternativeadj.非传统的;另类的;可供替代的
n.可供选择的事物
[教材原句]Jack
had
a
“traditional”
education
and
Nicholas
had
an
“alternative”
one.(P38)杰克接受了“传统”教育,尼古拉斯接受了“非传统”教育。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①The
disappearance
of
dinosaurs
is
not
necessarily
caused
by
astronomical
incidents.But
　　　　　(alternative)
explanations
are
hard
to
find.?
[完成句子]
②在长江和泰山这两个供选择的旅行中,我想向你推荐前者。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the
Yangtze
River
and
Mount
Tai,the
former
is
what
I’d
like
to
recommend
to
you.?
考点必记
an
alternative
use/way/route/road可供选择的用途/方法/路线/路
the
only
alternative唯一的选择
have
no
alternative
but
to
do
sth除做某事外别无选择
an
alternative
method
of
(doing)
sth做某事的其他方法
[名师点津]
表示“除做某事外别无选择”还可用:have
no
choice
but
to
do
sth/can
do
nothing
but
do
sth。
6.reputationn.名誉,名声
[教材原句]Due
to
the
limited
number
of
places
and
our
excellent
reputation,students
should
apply
early.(P38)由于名额有限,我们声誉卓著,学生应及早申请。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①虽然这里只有几个人知道他,但他在国外的名气却很大。
Although
he
is
known
to
only
a
few
people
here,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　is
very
great.?
②我们学校因帮助每位学生都能恰当地发展而有好的声誉。
Our
school
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　helping
each
student
developing
properly.?
③王叔叔的主要职责是测量体温和检查出入通行证,以其热心帮助他人而著称。
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
Uncle
Wang
whose
main
duty
is
to
measure
body
temperature
and
check
the
passes
for
exit
and
entry　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　his
passion
to
help
others.?
考点必记
have
a
reputation
of有……名声
have
a
good/bad
reputation
for因……而有好/坏名声
[写作佳句]
Mrs.Zhao
has
a
good
reputation
for
her
kindness
and
patience
to
her
students,which
wins
her
respect
of
her
students.
赵老师以对学生的友善和耐心而享有良好的声誉,赢得了她的学生的尊重。
7.lackv.&n.缺乏,没有,不足
[教材原句]I
know
that
I
wasn’t
a
willing
student
and
I
shouldn’t
have
been
so
difficult
at
school,but
it
was
probably
because
I
lacked
confidence
in
myself.(P40)我知道自己不是个乐于助人的人,本来不该这么叛逆,但那也许是因为我太缺乏自信了。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①This
is
what
motivation
or
the
lack
　　　　　it
can
do.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)?
②　　　　　
(lack)
a
mirror
image
in
the
mother
who
raised
me,I
had
to
seek
my
identity
as
a
woman
on
my
own.?
③At
last
she
realized
that
she
failed
because
she
was
lacking　　　　　
confidence.?
[小话题写作]
④即使你有一个极好的计划,缺少行动必然一事无成。
Even
if
you
have
an
excellent
plan,　　　　　　　　　　is
sure
to
lead
to
nothing.?
考点必记
①lack
sth缺少某物
lack
for
nothing应有尽有
a
(complete/distinct)
lack
of...(完全/明显)缺乏……
for/through
lack
of...因为缺少……
no
lack
of不缺少
②lacking
adj.短缺的,缺乏的
be
lacking
in...缺少……
[写作佳句]
To
be
punctual
one
has
to
have
self-discipline,and
the
lack
of
it
affects
others.一个人要守时就得要自律,缺乏自律会影响他人。
8.accessn.通道;方法;(使用或见到的)机会,权利
[教材原句]The
thing
about
being
a
teacher
is
that
you
have
access
to
children’s
minds
when
they
are
open
and
eager
to
learn.(P40)作为老师,你可以在孩子们心灵顿开,渴望学习时进入他们的思想。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Depending
on
which
role
you
choose,you
could
help
to
increase
a
community’s
access
　　　　　safe
drinking
water,or
help
to
protect
valuable
local
cultures.(2019·北京卷,阅读理解A篇)?
②The
Turners
chose
to
purchase
a
house
there
because
there
was
a
school
which
was
easily
　　　　　(access)
from
their
neighbourhood.?
[小话题写作]
③成人礼使我们可以观看校友与疾病斗争的录像带。
The
coming-of-age
ceremony
made
us
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a
video
featuring
alumnus
fighting
against
the
disease.?
考点必记
①have
access
to拥有……的机会或权利
the
only
access
to到……的唯一途径
get/gain
access
to得到……的机会或权利
②accessible
adj.易受影响的;易接近的,可进入的;易理解的
accessibly
adv.可到达地;可接近地;可使用地;可进入地
be
accessible
to容易进入……,容易接近……
[写作佳句]
These
artists
have
made
some
attempt
to
make
opera
accessible
to
a
wider
public.这些艺术家们尝试着让歌剧走近更广大的民众。
9.worthwhileadj.值得努力的,值得花时间的
[教材原句]And
if
what
I
do
as
a
teacher
can
help
turn
a
child
like
Graham
into
such
a
successful
adult,then
I
know
what
I’m
doing
is
worthwhile.(P40)如果我作为老师所做的工作能够帮助将一个像格雷厄姆这样的孩子变成如此成功的一个成年人,那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①Melissa,his
daughter,felt
it
more
than
worthwhile
　　　　　(save)
his
music,to
which
she
fell
asleep
each
night
when
she
was
young.(2019·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)?
[用worthwhile,worth或worthy填空]
②Want
to
explore
new
cultures,meet
new
people
and
do
something　　　　　
at
the
same
time?(2019·北京卷,阅读理解A篇)?
③Their
achievements
are
　　　　　of
the
highest
praise.?
④The
good
news
is
that
it’s
simple
to
learn
and
can
be
　　　　　the
effort.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,七选五)?
考点必记
be
worthwhile值得
be
worthwhile
to
do/doing值得做
[词义精析]
①worthwhile“值得的”,指花时间(金钱、努力等)去做某事是值得的,常用于It
is
worthwhile
doing/to
do
sth句型中,但不能说:sth
is
worthwhile
doing。可做表语、定语或补足语。
②worth“值……”,后接表示价值的数词;“值得”,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式(不能接动词不定式),常用于be
worth
of句型中,表示“很值得”时前面加well修饰。只可做表语。
③worthy“值得的”,常用结构为:worthy
of
being
done和worthy
to
be
done。可做表语或定语。
[写作佳句]
Sometimes,but
not
often,something
worthwhile
has
been
produced
unexpectedly
by
accident.但有时候,并非经常,一些有价值的成就的取得纯属偶然。
10.ignorevt.忽视,不顾
[教材原句]The
church
and
many
people
tended
to
ignore
the
facts
and
were
unwilling
to
challenge
what
they
had
always
comfortably
believed.(P42)
教会和许多人经常忽视事实,不愿意去挑战他们一直坚信的一切。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①Write
another
email
as
swiftly
as
you
can
and
send
it
with
a
brief
title
explaining
that
this
is
the
correct
version
and
the
previous
version
should
　　　　　　　(ignore).?
②Sometimes
　　　　　(ignore)
and
negative
(消极的)
outlooks
on
situations
can
create
anger.(2018·北京卷,七选五)?
③Those
children
swimming
in
the
river
were
completely
ignorant
　　　　　the
hidden
danger.?
[完成句子]
④毫无疑问,没有人应该忽视劳动在我们成长过程中起的重要作用。(2019·北京卷,书面表达)
Without
doubt,nobody
should
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　that
labor
plays
in
our
growth.?
考点必记
①ignore
one’s
advice/warning
不理会某人的建议/警告
ignore
one’s
remarks/protests
不理睬某人的话/抗议
②ignorance
n.无知,不知
ignorant
adj.无知识的;不知道的;粗野的
show
ignorance
of/about
sth表明对……的无知
be
ignorant
of/about对……无知
[名师点津]
ignore的意思是deliberately
refuse
to
greet
or
acknowledge
(sb),即常含有“对某人故意不予理睬”之意。
[写作佳句]
Many
parents
are
ignorant
of
what
their
kids
really
expect
to
get.许多父母对孩子真正期盼得到什么一无所知。
11.urgev.催促,力劝;强烈要求　n.强烈的欲望,冲动
[教材原句]At
first,people
approved
of
his
studies
and
urged
him
to
continue...(P42)刚开始,人们赞同他的研究,并催促他继续……
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①In
this
situation,new
generation
operation
support
system
standards
are
　　　　　(urge)
required.?
②We
at
the
NYFC
need
broad
support
as
we
urge
Congress
　　　　　　　(increase)
farmland
conservation.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解C篇)?
③Those
volunteers
working
for
the
organisation
feel
　　　　　urge
to
learn
the
skills
in
first
aid.?
[完成句子]
④托马斯的妈妈催促他了解一些人工智能的知识。
Thomas’s
mother　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　something
about
AI.?
考点必记
①urge
sb
to
do
sth/urge
sb
into
doing
sth
强烈要求某人做某事
urge
sth
on/upon
sb对某人强调某事
have
an
urge
to
do
sth有做某事的强烈愿望
urge
that...(从句用should
do,should可以省略)催促某人(应该)做某事
②urgent
adj.紧急的,紧迫的
urgently
adv.紧急地,紧迫地
urgency
n.紧急的事
[语境串记]
It’s
beneficial
for
an
AI
to
help
an
elderly
patient
who
needs
urgent
care
because
facing
urgency,it
can
keep
calm.
12.inspirev.启发,鼓舞
[教材原句]But
even
though
Aristotle
was
a
great
man
who
inspired
many
great
scientists
and
philosophers
after
him,he
was
wrong
at
times.(P43)但是即使是亚里士多德这样一位鼓舞了他之后的许多科学家和哲学家的伟大人物,有时也会出错。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①The
unmanned
Chang’e-4
probe(探测器)—the
name
　　　　　(inspire)
by
an
ancient
Chinese
moon
goddess.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)?
②Jennifer
is
a
first-generation
graduate
and
an
　　　　　(inspire)to
her
family—and
that’s
pretty
powerful.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
③If
a
poet
has
no
rich
life
experience,he
can’t
write
　　　　　(inspire)
poems.?
[完成句子]
④我们的历史老师经常给我们讲一些历史上的鼓舞人心的故事,并激励我们为国家做出贡献。(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
?
?
考点必记
①inspire
sb
to
do
sth激励某人做某事
inspire
sb
with
sth=inspire
sth
in
sb激励/鼓舞某人
②inspiration
n.灵感,好主意,鼓舞人的人或事
inspiring
adj.鼓舞人心的
inspired
adj.品质优秀的,能力卓越的
an
inspiration
to/for
sb鼓舞或激励某人的人或事
[语境串记]
Zhong
Nanshan,a
really
national
hero,is
an
inspiration
to
all
of
us,and
he
uses
his
inspiring
stories
to
inspire
us
to
study
hard.钟南山,一位真正的国家英雄,对我们所有人来说是一种鼓舞,用他鼓舞人心的故事激励我们努力学习。
[写作佳句]
Our
goal
is
to
gain
a
better
understanding
of
what
is
needed
in
a
career
and
inspire
others
to
go
after
their
passions.我们的目标是更好地理解在职业中所需要的东西,并激发其他人去寻找他们的激情。
13.adaptvt.(使)适应;改编　vi.适应,适合
[教材原句]For
a
start,it
would
be
hard
adapting
to
a
new
culture.(P44)首先,难以适应一种新的文化。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①People
in
Ethiopian
highlands
have
adapted
to
　　　　(live)
at
high
altitudes.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
②On
Thursday
in
an
article
published
in
Cell,a
team
of
researchers
reported
a
new
kind
of
　　　　　(adapt)—not
to
air
or
to
food,but
to
the
ocean.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
③Serious
readers
will
both
get
excited
over
what
happens
in
some
news
stories
and
adapt
　　　　　(they)
to
the
reality.?
[完成句子]
④我写这封信是要邀请你就改编自我们的英语教科书的短剧《假如给我三天光明》给我们提一些建议。(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)
I
am
writing
this
letter
to
invite
you
to
give
us
some
advice
on
the
short
play
“Three
Days
to
See”,which　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　our
English
textbook.?
考点必记
①adapt...to...使……适应……
adapt
oneself
to适应……
be
well
adapted
to特别适应……
adapt...from...由……改编
②adaptable
adj.能适应的,适应性强的
adaptation
n.改编(本);适应
[名师点津]
adapt
to中to是一个介词,后面应该用名词、代词或动词-ing形式,不可看成动词不定式符号而用动词原形。
[写作佳句]
The
world
has
been
changing
and
we
will
have
to
make
preparations
to
adaptto
the
change
at
any
time.世界一直在变,我们必须准备好任何时候都能适应变化。
14.layoff裁员;解雇;停止;别再打扰
[教材原句]Three
months
ago,when
my
manager
told
me
that
I
would
be
laidoff,my
mind
went
blank
and
my
heart
swelled
with
anger.(P36)
三个月前,当经理告诉我我下岗了时,我的脑海一片空白,怒火满腔。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①But
the
bottom
line
is
that
I
shouldn’t
lie
　　　　　my
kids.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)?
②Many
employees
were
laid
　　　　　because
of
the
lack
of
new
orders.?
[完成句子]
③爸爸一到家就把他给儿子买的东西摆放在桌子上。
The
instant
Dad
returned
home,he
　　　　　　　　　　what
he
bought
for
his
son
on
the
table.?
考点必记
①lay
out展开,布置,花费
lay
up搁置不用
lay
down放下;规定,制定
lay
aside把……放在一边
②lie→lied→lied
撒谎
lie→lay→lain
躺,位于
lay→laid→laid
放置,产卵
[写作佳句]
It’s
wise
to
layaside
some
of
your
money
for
future
use.存储一些钱供将来使用是明智的。
15.tendto往往会;倾向于
[教材原句]The
church
and
many
people
tended
to
ignore
the
facts
and
were
unwilling
to
challenge
what
they
had
always
comfortably
believed.(P42)
教会和许多人经常忽视事实,不愿意去挑战他们一直坚信的一切。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①However,boys
tended
　　　　　(play)
with
more
complex
puzzles
than
girls...(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
[完成句子]
②人们往往会对他们周围的美视而不见。(2018·天津卷,阅读理解B篇)
People
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　blind
to
the
beauty
around
them.?
考点必记
①tend
to/towards倾向于
tend
to
sb照顾某人;照料某人
②have
a
tendency
to
do
sth有做某事的倾向
have
a
tendency
for有……的倾向
there
is
a
tendency
for
sb
to
do
sth某人有做某事的倾向
[名师点津]
tend
to
do表示“常常做”,相当于usually
do,在tend后应用动词不定式。
[写作佳句]
There
is
a
growing
tendency
for
people
to
work
at
home
instead
of
in
offices
in
the
future.未来人们在家里而不是在办公室里工作的趋势日益增长。
16.approveof赞成,赞许;批准
[教材原句]At
first,people
approvedof
his
studies
and
urged
him
to
continue...(P42)刚开始,人们赞同他的研究,并催促他继续……
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①It
found
many
youngsters
(少年)
now
measure
their
status
by
how
much
public
　　　　　(approve)
they
get
online,often
through
“likes”.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)?
②Though
not
everyone
approved
　　　　　the
new
dance,saying
it
was
a
little
too
shocking,the
dance
did
find
enough
supporters
to
make
it
popular.?
[完成句子]
③经过激烈的讨论,我们班主任批准了我们制作视频以记录我们在学校的经历。
After
a
heated
discussion,our
head
teacher
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a
video
to
record
our
experiences
at
school.?
考点必记
approval
n.同意,赞成,认可
approvingly
adv.赞成地,同意地
with/without
approval
of
经/未经……的批准
meet
with
one’s
approval
得到某人的同意
[名师点津]
表示赞成及反对的方式还有:
be
for赞成,支持
be
in
favour
of同意,赞成
be
against反对
object
to反对
17.asif引导表语从句
[教材原句]I
felt
asif
I
had
done
something
wrong!(P36)我感觉好像自己犯了错!
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①The
kids
were
very
friendly
with
her
and
even
looked
up
to
her
as
if
she
　　　　　(be)
their
own
mother.?
[完成句子]
②我并没感觉好像我需要跟上别的人。(2020·天津卷,阅读表达)
I
didn’t
feel
　　　　　　　　　　I
needed
to
keep
up
with
anybody
else.?
③老师和我们谈话就好像他已经知道了那件事。
The
teacher
talked
with
us
as
if
he
　　　　　　　　　　about
that.?
[小话题写作]
④我的英语说得很流利,以至于我的英国同学感觉我就像是说英语的本地人。
(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)
I
speak
English
so
fluently
that
my
English
classmates　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　an
English
native
speaker.?
考点必记
①sb
feels
as
if...表示“某人感觉到好像……”,as
if引导表语从句。
②在as
if引导的从句中,应根据情况确定是否应用虚拟语气。如果和事实相符用真实语气,如果和事实不符则应用虚拟语气。
[写作佳句]
The
disabled
man
climbed
the
mountain
asif
he
were
a
normal
person.那位残疾人登山就好像他是一个正常的人。
18.“get+过去分词”表示被动
[教材原句]I
got
my
grandson
to
instruct
me
on
how
to
email
and
use
the
Internet
and
I
really
enjoy
the
speed
at
which
my
messages
getsentandanswered.(P36)我让孙子教我怎样收发电子邮件和使用互联网。我真的喜欢信息传送和回复的速度。
语境巧练
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
①In
India,particularly
outside
cities,young
women
are
expected
to
move
in
with
their
husband’s
family
when
they
get
　　　　　(marry).(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)?
②You
do
not
have
to
be
a
fan
of
football
to
get
　　　　(catch)
up
in
the
excitement.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,听力)?
③It
was
so
good
to
feel
　　　　　(accept)
for
what
I’m
good
at.(2020·天津卷,阅读表达)?
考点必记
句中get
sent
and
answered意为“(信息)传送和回复”,“get+过去分词”在句中表示被动,译作“被……,变得……,成……状态”。
[名师点津]
在连系动词feel,become等后也常可用动词过去分词形式,表达被动意义。
[写作佳句]
Hearing
Fred
fell
off
and
gothurt,many
of
his
friends
rushed
to
lend
him
a
hand.听到弗雷德摔倒了,受了伤,他的许多朋友都跑来帮忙。
19.since引导时间状语(从句)的句型
[教材原句]Ihaven’tseen
Mr
Jenkins
since
I
left
school
but
I
often
think
about
him.(P40)我毕业以来一直没见过詹金斯先生,但我经常想起他。
语境巧练
[单句语法填空]
①It’s
been
years
　　　　　they
were
dusty
little
rooms
with
books.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解A篇)?
[小话题写作]
②来自中国的我从很小的时候就一直完全融入包括中国画在内的中国传统文化。
(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)
Coming
from
China,I
　　　　　　　　　　completely
　　　　　in
traditional
Chinese
culture
including
Chinese
paintings
since
I
was
pretty
young.?
考点必记
句中I
haven’t
seen...since...是一个含有since的句型,表示“自从……以来我没见过……”。
[名师点津]
①since用以引导时间状语从句,表示“自从……以来”,主句应用现在完成时态,since从句用一般过去时态。
②类似地,句型“It
is/has
been+一段时间+since...”表示“自从……有多长时间了”。
[写作佳句]
Since
he
attended
the
Chinese
professor’s
lectures,Bill
has
become
more
and
more
positive.自从他参加了中国教授的课程以来,比尔变得越来越积极。
20.shouldhavedone本该做而未做
[教材原句]The
government
shouldhaveput
more
money
towards
science
education.(P40)政府本应该给自然科学的教育多拨些款。
语境巧练
[完成句子]
①当然,我本来是能问问她的,但某件事却阻止我而没能这么做。
Sure,I
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　her,but
something
prevented
me
from
doing
so.?
②灯突然熄灭了,一定是灯泡烧坏了。
(2018·上海卷,听力)
The
lights
suddenly
went
off.The
bulb
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　out.?
③你本不必住宾馆,我可以为你提供住宿。
You
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in
the
hotel.I
could
put
you
up.?
④——现在很滑,你无法骑车回家了。
——是很滑!我本不该骑车来这儿的。
—It’s
now
so
slippery
that
you
can’t
ride
back
home.
—So
it
is!I
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　my
bike
here.?
考点必记
should
have
done表示“本该做而未做”。
[名师点津]
许多情态动词和have
done搭配表示特定的意义:
①could
have
done“可能已做了;本来能做”。
②might
have
done“可能已做了;本来可以做”。
③must
have
done“一定已做了”。
④need
have
done“本需要做而未做”。
⑤should
have
done“本该做而未做”。
⑥couldn’t
have
done“不可能已做了”。
⑦shouldn’t
have
done“本不该做而做了”。
⑧needn’t
have
done“本不必做而做了”。
[写作佳句]
Dad
couldhavehad
dinner
with
us,but
he
wasn’t
available.爸爸本来是可以和我们一起吃晚饭的,但他没有空。
随堂巩固迁移运用　
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.—Why
is
Jack
leaving
early?
—To
avoid　　　　　(get)
stuck
in
traffic.(2020·浙江卷,听力)?
2.“It
seemed
like
the
perfect
chance
for
natural
　　　　　(select)
to
act
on
a
population,”said
Dr.Ilardo.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
3.“They
are
　　　　　(simple)
a
stranger
to
the
land,”said
Rodney
C.Jubilado,a
University
of
Hawaii
researcher
who
studies
the
Bajau.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解D篇)?
4.For
Western
designers,China
and
its
rich
culture
have
long
been
an
　　　　　(inspire)
for
Western
creative.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解B篇)?
5.We’ve
gone
to
the
opposite
extreme
of
a
few
decades
ago
when
parents
tended
　　　　　(be)
more
strict.(2019·浙江卷,概要写作)?
6.She
refused
to
live
with
male
cranes,and
even
had
a
reputation
　　　　　killing
some
of
them,which
made
it
impossible
for
her
to
become
a
mother.(2019·江苏卷,完形填空)?
7.Daniel
Anderson,a
famous
psychologist,believes
it’s
important
to
distinguish
television
influences
on
children　　　　　
those
of
the
family.?
8.Depending
on
which
role
you
choose,you
could
help
to
increase
a
community’s
access
　　　　　safe
drinking
water,or
help
to
protect
valuable
local
cultures.(2019·北京卷,阅读理解A篇)?
9.I
can’t
find
my
purse.I
could
　　　　　　　(leave)
it
in
the
supermarket
yesterday,but
I’m
not
sure.(2018·天津卷,单项填空)?
10.I
probably
would
have
continued
trying
to
keep
up
with
him
for
　　　　　rest
of
my
high
school
career,but
when
my
family
moved,everything
changed.(2020·天津卷,阅读表达)?
Ⅱ.选词填空
suspect,punishment,simplify,distinguish,outstanding,acquire,tendency,conservative
An
1.　　　　　
person
can
always
2.　　　　　
the
complex
while
a
fool
has
a
3.　　　　　
to
complicate
the
simple
things.A
wise
person
can
4.　　　　　the
good
from
the
bad,while
a
stupid
person,even
if
instructed,may
still
5.　　　　　
the
truth.An
open-minded
person
who
will
certainly
6.　　　　　something
good
can
always
accept
new
things,while
a
7.　　　　　
person
who
will
of
course
get
8.　　　　　
is
unwilling
to
change.?
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全短文内容
How
did
I
learn
my
English
so
well?Here
is
my
story.1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(坦白地说,我过去常常埋头苦练句型和记忆生词,而没有取得进步).To
a
certain
extent,I
was
hopeless.2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(为了不落后,我意识到是我改变学习方法的时候了).First,I
began
to
try
to
speak
English.I
was
unwilling
to
do
so
before
because
I
lacked
confidence.3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(另外,当我可以上网时,我开始在线听英语歌曲,看英语电影,这对我的听力很有好处).I
also
made
some
friends
with
whom
I
could
exchange
emails
in
English.4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(如果我没改变方法,我就做不到).As
the
saying
goes,“There
is
no
royal
road
to
learning.”
I
think
all
my
hard
work
is
worthwhile.?
Unit15　Learning
核心考点·课堂突破
1.①that　②of　③suspicious　④It’s
suspected
that
2.①instructor　②to
cancel　③should
be
taken　④instructed
us
how
to
distinguish
3.①himself　②in　③Buried　④bury
myself
in
practicing
4.①herself　②from　③distinguished　④During
the
activity
of
helping
the
farmers
harvest
watermelons,we
learn
to
distinguish
what
kind
of
watermelon
might
taste
delicious.
5.①alternative　②Of
the
two
alternative
trips
6.①his
reputation
abroad　②has
a
good
reputation
for　③have
a
good
reputation
for
7.①of　②Lacking　③in　④lacking
doing
8.①to　②accessible　③have
an
access
to
9.①to
save　②worthwhile　③worthy　④worth
10.①be
ignored　②ignorance　③of/about　④ignore
the
important
role
11.①urgently　②to
increase　③an　④urged
him
to
learn/into
learning/urged
that
he
learn
12.①was
inspired　②inspiration　③inspiring　④Our
history
teacher
often
tells
us
some
inspiring
stories
in
history
and
inspires
us
to
make
contributions
to
our
country.
13.①living　②adaptation　③themselves　④was
adapted
from
14.①to　②off　③laid
out
15.①to
play　②tend
to
be
16.①approval　②of　③approved
of
us
making
17.①were　②as
if/though　③had
known　④feel
as
if/though
I
were
18.①married　②caught　③accepted
19.①since　②have
been;involved
20.①could
have
asked　②must
have
burnt　③needn’t
have
stayed　④shouldn’t
have
ridden
随堂巩固·迁移运用
Ⅰ.1.getting　2.selection　3.simply　4.inspiration　5.to
be　6.for　7.from　8.to　9.have
left　10.the
Ⅱ.1.outstanding　2.simplify　3.tendency　4.distinguish　5.suspect
6.acquire　7.conservative　8.punishment
Ⅲ.1.Frankly
speaking,I
used
to
bury
myself
in
doing
drills
and
memorizing
new
words
without
making
any
progress
2.In
order
not
to
fall
behind,I
realised
it
was
time
I
improved
my
ways
to
learn
it
3.Aside
from
that,as
I
could
have
access
to
the
Internet,I
began
to
listen
to
English
songs
and
watch
English
movies
online,which
was
very
beneficial
to
my
listening
4.If
I
hadn’t
changed
my
approach,I
wouldn’t
have
made
it
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