资源简介 注意事项:1、本试卷共四部分。2、答题前,考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、学号填在试卷答题卡上。3、客观题部分答案选出后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。第四部分书面表达的答案用0.5毫米黑色的签字笔或黑色墨水钢笔直接填写到答题卡上对应的空白处。答在试题卷上的无效。4、考试结束,请将答题卡上交。第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Where should the woman get off the bus A.At the Bank of China. B.At the post office. C.At the crossing.2.What does the man think of the service A.Wonderful. B.Poor. C.Acceptable.3.What does the woman do A.Sportswoman. B.Waitress. C.Saleswoman.4.What will they do this weekend A.Go to the beach. B.Go shopping. C.Climb Mt.Fuji.5.What is the woman going to do A.Find a new job. B.Go for a holiday. C.Go back to university.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers A.Brother and sister. B.Classmates. C.Teacher and student.7.What is the woman worried about A.Taking some pills. B.Staying in bed. C.Falling behind others.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.What is NOT in the living room A.The table. B.Chairs. C.The TV.9.What does the woman think of the apartment A.Small. B.Comfortable. C.New.10.How much is the rent A.600 dollars a year. B.60 dollars a month. C.600 dollars a month.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.What day is it today A.Sunday. B.Saturday. C.Friday.12.Where is the new bar A.On the 6th Street. B.On the 16th Street. C.On the 60th Street.13.Who will pick the woman up A.Jim. B.Lily. C.Sam.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.What does the woman want to drink A.Orange juice. B.Tea. C.Coffee.15.What is the man’s major now A.Law. B.French. C.Computer science.16.Why did the man change his major A.Because he found it too difficult .B.Because it was difficult to find a good job .C.Because he didn’t like it .17.Who helps the man overcome difficulties in his new major A.His friends . B.His classmates . C.His teacher .听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.How many students will receive laptops in the school A.140. B.400. C.1,400.19.What do parents think of the price of the laptops offered to their children A.It’s too expensive . B.It’s cheap . C.It should be lower .20.What do teachers think of students using laptops A.They think it has more disadvantages than advantages .B.They think it will be helpful for only a few students .C.They think it raises the work speed of students .第二部分:词汇知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节:多项选择(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21. There is strong evidence that the of a father increases the probability that a youngster will use drugs and engage in criminal activity.A. absence B. disappearance C. attention D. concern22. —Thanks. I know how to handle this problem with your directions.—But do remember that this rule cannot be to every case.A. referred B. attached C. applied D. adjusted23. No matter when people him about their financial troubles, the lawyer is always ready with advice.A. acquire B. consult C. indicate D. inform24. —Are you still mad at her —Not really, but I can’t that her remarks hurt me.A. reject B. deny C. admit D. confirm25. Why do we have to Tom’s selfish behavior She should learn to care for others.A. put up with B. fed up with C. catch up with D. team up with26. If you faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.A. focus on B. come across C. account for D. set down27. In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are .A. optional B. original C. contrary D. relevant28. —Volunteering is becoming popular in China.—Yeah, people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.A. naturally B. logically C. increasingly D. slightly29. —How many people attended his wedding party —There are 500 guests. I can’t remember exactly.A. approximately B. generally C. merely D. finally30. China understands the situation and needs of underdeveloped countries on the issue of climate change and urges developed countries to support them technology and finance.A. in terms of B. in spite of C. in need of D. in search of第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。After a car accident I was put into the hospital. The doctors 31 the major damage done to my body but I didn’t care to see anyone or talk to anyone. 32 , the nurses had been good, always leaving my door closed.But one morning I was 33 by the sounds of people out. As I pushed the button to call the 34 , I saw a little boy in the hallway. A cast (石膏) completely 35 his arm, from fingers to shoulder. In his other hand he was 36 a Teddy bear.I heard his mother telling him to sit and wait until she had done. He looked 37 to me and smiled at me. Then without 38 he came running into my room. As I was silently cursing(诅咒) the nurses for leaving my door 39 , the smile upon his face widened .He stood next to my bed. With his 40 arm he held out his bear which was missing an eye. I lay there, not 41 what he was wanting from me. He said, “This is Teddy. He’s still 42 . Could you keep him here till he gets better ” I 43 and took Teddy. I promised I would 44 Teddy until the time he got better.Just then the boy’s 45 called him. He looked back and said, “Bye mister, bye Teddy” and ran out of the room. I sat there 46 Teddy for a long time. The nurse responded to my 47 just in time catching the tears rolling down my cheeks.I have kept Teddy 48 that day in the hospital. Just recently I sent Teddy to the most 49 person in my life. She has the most incredible 50 .I will join her soon and we will keep Teddy for the rest of our lives.31. A. repaired B. recovered C. reduced D. replaced32. A. Unfortunately B. Luckily C. Surprisingly D. Hopefully33. A. affected B. comforted C. awakened D. shocked34. A. nurse B. doctor C. hostess D. maid35. A. trapped B. supported C. surrounded D. covered36. A. delivering B. destroying C. recovering D. holding37. A. over B. down C. up D. straight38. A. begging B. warning C. shouting D. whispering39. A. empty B. closed C. still D. open40. A. good B. perfect C. long D. strong41. A. knowing B. observing C. reminding D. recognizing42. A. angry B. sick C. calm D. upset43. A. came up B. cheered up C. broke out D. reached out44. A. take care of B. pay attention to C. think highly of D. get along with45. A. friend B. mother C. brother D. sister46. A. appreciating B. hugging C. educating D. rescuing47. A. opinion B. phone C. call D. attitude48. A. until B. before C. since D. besides49. A. special B. elegant C. reliable D. enthusiastic50. A. achievement B. determination C. responsibility D. love第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)阅读下列短文,从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AKimchi traditionally has a rosy color. says: “The color red wards off (避开) evil spirits. The color represents the spirit of the Korean people and kimchi is more than just a food. It’s a culture.”A meal without kimchi is unthinkable. So what is kimchi Joan Raymond, food writer for US website , writes: “It’s a reddish, fermented (发酵的) cabbage dish , made with a mix of garlic salt, vinegar, chili peppers and other spices.It is served at every meal, either along with or mixed with rice and noodles. It is part of a high-fiber, low fat diet, which has kept obesity at bay.”Kimchi is used in everything from soups to pancakes and as a topping (配料) on pizza and burgers. named kimchi in its list of the world’s top five healthiest foods as it is rich in vitamins, aids digestion and may even reduce the risk of cancer.A study conducted by Seoul National University claimed that chickens infected with the H5N1 virus (bird flu) recovered after eating food containing the same bacteria found in kimchi.When Koreans pose for photos, they say “kimchi”, instead of “cheese”.51. From the first two paragraphs, we can conclude that .A. kimichi is very common in ROKB. every Korean woman knows how to make kimchiC. kimchi is mostly eaten by poor familiesD. kimichi is usually made in winter52. According to the article, which of the following statements is TRUE A. Kimchi contains something that can kill the H5N1 virus.B. Kimchi is rated as the healthiest food in the world.C. Kimchi is a cultural treasure for Koreans.D. Each person eats 40 pounds of kimchi per month.53. What does the underlined phrase “keep... at bay” mean A. predict B. prevent C. overcome D. develop54. What does the article mainly talk about A. The nutritional value of kimchi. B. Ways of making kimchi.C. The origin of kimchi. D. Kimchi and what it means to Koreans.BNick lives in Brisbane, Queensland. He is 22 years old this year. He has a positive approach to life and is outgoing and friendly, with a happy and cheerful personality. He has a smile that makes anyone feel comfortable and at ease. But life hasn’t been easy for him.Born on December 4, 1982, Nick had no limbs! His parents were deeply shocked. Nick’s father thought the baby wouldn’t survive for long, but tests proved that Nick was a healthy baby boy, just with legs and arms missing.Some people assumed that Nick’s physical disability meant that he would also be mentally disabled. However, Nick was one of the first disabled students to go to a main stream school in Australia.There were times when Nick felt depressed and angry because he couldn’t change the way he lived. For a time Nick felt like he was a burden to his family and the sooner he went, the better it would be for everyone. Nick actually wanted to end his pain and his life at a young age, but he was thankful once again, for his parents and family who were always there to comfort him and give him strength.One of the first lessons that Nick learnt was not to take things for granted. At the age of twelve he realized just how much he was blessed with.55. The first paragraph serves as a(n) .A. summary B. introduction C. explanation D. conclusion56. Why did his parents feel greatly surprised when seeing the new baby A. He was born without arms and legs. B. He came earlier than expected.C. He resembled neither his father nor his mother. D. He was seriously ill at birth.57. What gave Nick the strength to survive A. Comfort from his parents and family. B. Kind help from his classmates.C. Strong faith in his great ambition. D. Instructions from his teachers.58. The author describes Nick’s life in a tone of .A. pity B. humor C. appreciation D. concernCParents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. Is this a good thing Sometimes, when Mr. Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, listen to rock music together and talk about interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager. “I would never have said to my mom, ‘Hey, the new Weezer album is really great. How do you like it ’” says Ballmer. “There was just a complete gap in taste.” Music was not the only gulf (分歧). From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits. Today, the generation gap has not disappeared, but it is getting narrow in many families. Conversations on subjects such as sex and drugs would not have taken place a generation ago. Now they are comfortable and common. And parent-child activities, from shopping to sports, involve a feeling of trust and friendship that can continue into adulthood. No wonder greeting cards today carry the message, “To my mother, my best friend.” But family experts warn that the new equality can also result in less respect for parents. “There’s still a lot of strictness and authority on the part of parents out there, but there is a change happening,” says Kerrie, a psychology professor at Lebanon Valley College. “In the middle of that change, there is a lot of confusion among parents.” Family researchers offer a variety of reasons for these evolving(演化的) roles and attitudes. They see the 1960s as a turning point. Great cultural changes led to more open communication and a more democratic process that encourages everyone to have a say. “My parents were on the ‘before’ side of that change, but today’s parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the ‘after’ side,” explains Mr. Ballmer. “It’s not something easily accomplished by parents these days, because life is more difficult to understand or deal with, but sharing interests does make it more fun to be a parent now.”59. Which of the following shows that the generation gap is disappearing A. Parents share more interests with their children. B. Parents put more trust in their children’s abilities. C. Parents help their children develop interests in more activities. D. Parents and children talk more about sex and drugs.60. The change in today’s parent-child relationship is ______.A. less respect for parents from childrenB. more confusion among parentsC. new equality between parents and childrenD. more strictness and authority on the part of parents61. By saying “today’s parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the ‘after’ side,” the author means that today’s parents ______.A. have little difficulty adjusting to the change B. follow the trend of the changeC. fail to take the change seriously D. can set a limit to the change62. The purpose of the passage is to ______. A. compare today’s parent-child relationship with that in the past B. describe the difficulties today’s parents have met with C. suggest the ways to handle the parent-child relationship D. discuss the development of the parent-child relationshipDPresident Obama is encouraging moms to make their education a priority. While encouraging people of all ages to seek higher education, Obama is particularly targeting working moms with his Scholarships for Moms program. The Scholarships for Moms program builds on the federal government’s long-standing offer of Pell Grants. To encourage more mothers to return to school, the Obama administration is now making some changes.For the Scholarships for Moms program, the biggest incentive is the amount of money being offered. The maximum amount awarded through Pell Grants is about $ 4 000 per student, but for mothers who apply to the program, that amount is increased to $ 5 000. The aim of these grants is to allow working moms to return to school and earn a degree that allows them to better provide for their families now and in the future. In addition, the administration hopes that equipping mothers to earn more money as working professionals will also be a stimulus to the economy.In addition, a great incentive for moms considering this program is that it applies to enrollment in nearly any type of higher education institution. Four-year universities as well as smaller community colleges, are covered. You can go to a private school or a public one. An option for busy moms who can’t stay on campus is to study through online courses. Basically the government’s Scholarships for Moms program is a comprehensive attempt to get mothers who are keen on study back into the classroom.With the Obama scholarship, the worry of returning to school is removed. In almost any area of interest, working moms can earn a degree. This means they can be fully equipped to provide for their families. Higher education no longer has to be an unfulfilled wish or an unobtainable goal. The Scholarships for Moms program was designed to help create a brighter future for mothers and their children.63. More money is offered by the Scholarships for Moms program in order to .A. encourage moms to go back to school B. inspire people to learn from othersC. persuade more students to work harder D. help mothers to make a living64. The phrase “equipping mothers” (in Paragraph 2) probably refers to mothers who .A. own much money B. have a degreeC. stay at home D. are dressed well65. Many moms probably appreciate the program because .A. they like the atmosphere in the classroom B. the university lasts as long as four yearsC. they can make more money at school D. there are more chances for them to choose66. Who will benefit from the Obama scholarship most A. All the schools and families. B. Fathers and mothers in America.C. Working moms and their children. D. Teachers and their students.E“Reduce, reuse and recycle”, this popular environmental slogan tells us how to reduce the amount of rubbish that ends up in landfills.The slogan is being used to deal with one possibly dangerous form of electronic junk, such as old computers, cell phones, and televisions. But this process of managing e-waste may be used in an unscrupulous way more often than not, a recent report suggests.“Many of these materials are being sent to developing nations under the excuse for reuse — to bridge the digital divide,” said Richard Gutierrez, a policy researcher.One of the problems is that no one proves whether these old machines work before they hit the seaways. Because of this, the report says, e-waste is a growing problem in Lagos, Nigeria, and elsewhere in the developing world. Much of the waste ends up being thrown away along rivers and roads. Often it’s taken apart by poor people, who may face dangerous exposure to poisonous chemicals in the equipment.Tradesmen also pay workers a little money to get materials back such as gold and copper. This low-tech recovery process could expose workers and the local environment to many dangerous materials used to build electronics. According to Gutierrez, this shadow economy exists because the excuse for recycling and reusing electronics gives businessmen “a green passport” to ship waste around the globe. “Developing nations must take on some of the responsibility themselves,” Gutierrez said. But he added, “A greater part of this responsibility should fall on the exporting state. “China, for example, has become a dumping place for large amounts of e-waste. The nation is beginning to take action to stop the flow of dangerous materials across its borders. The Chinese government, after many years of denials(否认), is finally beginning to start an action.67. The underlined word “unscrupulous” in the second paragraph most probably means “ ”.A. dishonest B. profitable C. unbelievable D. efficient68. According to what Gutierrez said, we can learn that .A. developing countries should not be blamed for the e-waste problemB. exporting countries should mainly be responsible for the e-waste problemC. developing countries should be responsible for the e-waste problemD. neither developed nor developing countries should be blamed for the e-waste problem69. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .A. China is falling behind other countries in dealing with e-wasteB. China has hidden a large amount of e-waste in many secret placesC. China has greatly changed its idea about the problem of e-wasteD. China has prevented poisonous materials from entering China for a long time70. The passage mainly tells us that .A. developing countries are making full use of e-wasteB. e-waste is a growing problem in developed countriesC. developing countries are facing serious environmental problemsD. e-waste is sent to developing countries under the excuse for reuse第四部分:书面表达(共两节,满分50分)第一节:完成句子(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)阅读下列各小题,根据英文句子后的中文提示及括号内的英语单词完成句子,并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。71. You’ve done so much work pass the exam. (bound)你下了这么大功夫,一定能考及格。72. Dr. Finkelstein smells since 1999. (study)冯克斯博士从1999年开始一直在研究气味。73. When Darlene from France came dashing through the door, she recognized Tony’s . (smile)当来自法国的达琳从门口匆忙进来时,她认出了托尼的微笑的面孔。74. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months begin her project. (allow)她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙,这才使得她得以开始自己的计划。75. It was the first time such a beautiful place. (visit)那是我第一次看到这么美丽的地方。76. This gift was the Amber Room, because several tons of amber were used to make it. (give)这件礼物就是琥珀屋,它之所以被这样命名,是因为造这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。77. So on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved. (continue)所以,在未来的数百万年间,生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。78. that she had been admitted into Oxford University, I sent an e-mail to congratulate her. (moment)我一听到她被牛津大学录取的消息,就马上发电子邮件向她表示祝贺。79. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, people paint such realistic pictures. (able)如果没有发现透视法,人们就不可能画出如此逼真的画。80. I about it myself than let him find out from other people.(rather)我宁肯自己把事情告诉他,也不愿他从旁人处得知这事。第二节:短文写作(共1题;满分30分)按照下列内容提示,写一篇题目为“人人需要朋友”的短文。Friends are always needed. There should be someone who can calm you down when you are too excited; there should be someone who can comfort you when you are down; there should be someone who will always offer his help when you are in a hard time. Friends are so important in our daily life that we need to make friends. Then, what can we do to make true friends with people (Or, How can we find true friendship ) Please give your suggestions and advice. 要求:120词左右。Everybody needs friends高三英语答案第一部分:听力第二节:完形填空31-35 ABCAD 36-40 DABDA 41-45 ABDAB 46-50 BCCAD第三部分:阅读理解51-55 ACBDB 56-60 AACAC 61-65 BDABD 66-70 CABCD第四部分:书面表达第一节:完成句子(评分原则):【评分原则:】1、主要结构正确、用给定的英语词完整表达所给的汉语信息,给满分;2、未用给定词不给分;3、主要结构不正确不给分;4、主要结构正确,信息完整,但一个或一个以上拼写错误扣0.5分;5、主要结构正确,信息有遗漏扣0.5分;6、主要结构正确,添加无关信息扣0.5分;7、其它可以接受的可能答案。77. whether life will continue78. The moment I heard the news79. would not have been able to80. would rather tell him第二节: 短文写作(one possible version)Everyone needs friendsEveryone needs friends. For example, when you get mad about something, you need your friends to calm you down; when you feel unhappy, you expect your friends to comfort you; when you have difficulties, friends will come and help you out. Believe it or not, friend or friendship plays an important role in your daily life. With no friendship, you would feel extremely lonely.How can you make close friends I think first you must be friendly and honest. Second, you must be concerned about others and willing to help those who are in trouble. Thirdly, you must be excited about your friends’ progress. In my opinion, if you follow these suggestions, you will surely get along well with others and have many friends.听力材料Text 1W:Does this bus go to the Bank of China M:Yes . Get off at the post office and walk straight ahead for about one hundred meters , and the Bank of China is at the crossing .Text 4M:What do you want to do this weekend W:Oh ,I don’t know Since it’s nice weather , why not go to the beach or climb Mt . Fuji M:But we did those last weekend . Let’s do something different .W:Hum . Let’s go shopping .Text 5M:How are you getting along with your work W:I’ve left my position . I can’t stand the rudeness of my boss .M:What are you going to do Are you going to travel W:No , I’m thinking of going back to university for further education .Text 6M:Hello , how are you feeling W:Oh , not too bad , but I have to take some pills and stay in bed .M:Good . Do you want something to eat W:No ,there is no need . But thank you all the same .M:Everyone else in our class sends you their best wishes .W:How nice they are !M:Is there anything else I can do for you W:Would you please help me with my lessons I’m afraid I will fall behind others .M:Don’t worry . I will help you .Text 7W:Hi , You must be Mr Green . I’m here to see the apartment you advertised .M:Oh , come in and I will show you around it . This is the living room . There is a table with four chairs . Here’s the kitchen . It’s small , but well-equipped . Now let’s have a look at the bathroom and the bedroom . The TV in the bedroom is new .W:It seems comfortable . What about the rent M:600dollars a month .W:It is reasonable and like the apartment . When can I move in M:At the end of this month .Text 8W:Hi , Sam . Will you join Jim and me tonight at the bar M:Which one will you be going to W:We are going to try the new bar on the 16th Street . I hear it has great food and a live band on Fridays .M:Great .What time should I meet you there W:I want to go back home to get changed so I should be there by 9 pm .M:OK . Can I bring my girlfriend Lily with me W:Certainly . We will be very happy to see her .M:Shall I pick you up then W:Thank you . But Jim will pick me up .M:Ok . See you then .Text 9W:Hi , Dave . Long time no see !M:Nice to see you , e in and take a seat . Would you like something to drink Tea , coffee or orange juice W:Tea would be fine . How have you been M:Oh , not bad . And you W:Oh , I’m doing OK , but I’m just busy with my graduation papers .M:Well , what do you want to do after you graduate W:Uh…I think I’d like to work as a lawyer . How about you A translator I remember you major in French .M:Well , I used to major in French , but I found it difficult to find a good job . So I have changed my major to computer science .W:Great . Did you have any difficulty in catching up with you new classmates at the beginning M:Yes . It was really difficult . But with my hard work and the teacher’s help , finally I made it .W:You are so wonderful .M:Thank you . I believe where there is a will , there is a way .Text 10A school in Britain is offering its pupils laptops .Students can use their own laptops in class and for homework at home . Pupils at the school can “hand in” work online and receive feedback from teachers when they are not in the classroom . It’s Britain’s first school to offer students laptops . All 1,400 boys and girls will receive one . A laptop costs around £400 . In all , the laptop project costs the school more than £4000,000 . Parents are being asked to pay £2 per week for their child’s laptop as long as the child stays at the school . Those who are unable to pay will receive help . That means they don’t have to pay . Parents think that the price is very low because laptops are expensive to buy . The headmaster of the school , Will Roberts , says that with the help of the laptop , any time students want to learn , they can . They can work whether they are at the school or at home . Mr Roberts also says , however , that children will continue to use traditional learning materials . Teachers think using computers can raise pupils’ work speed . Parents also think using laptops can help their children learn better . They think they can help children prepare for the real world注意事项:1、全卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共35题。2、全卷满分:300分,考试时间:150分钟。3、请用钢笔或水性圆珠笔将答案填写在答题卡上,考试结束后只交答题卡。4、可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 O-16 Na-23 Fe-56 Cu-64Ba-137 S-32 Mn-55 Al-27第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共126分)一、选择题(本题包括13个小题,每小题只有一个正确选项)1.下列关于细胞的叙述正确的是A.生物细胞的膜系统内外都有糖蛋白,具有识别功能B.在绿色植物的叶肉细胞中,细胞质基质、线粒体基质、叶绿体基质都能生成ATPC.哺乳动物的红细胞衰老时其细胞核体积增大,染色质固缩D.细胞质中的内质网膜、高尔基体膜和细胞膜可以通过具膜小泡发生转化2.下列有关科学发现的说法,正确的是A.孟德尔在豌豆开花时对母本进行去雄和授粉,实现了亲本的杂交B.萨克斯通过对照实验证明光合作用的产物是葡萄糖C.卡尔文利用同位素示踪技术探明了CO2中的C在光合作用中的转移途径D.促胰液素的发现证明了胰液的分泌与体液调节有关而与神经调节无关3.艾弗里等人的肺炎双球菌转化实验和赫尔希与蔡斯的噬菌体侵染细菌实验都证明了DNA是遗传物质。有关这两个实验的说法正确的是A.肺炎双球菌的转化实验中,设置的对照是用S型菌+R型菌的DNA混合培养得到R型菌B.噬菌体侵染细菌实验中,因沉淀物中出现了放射性,由此证明DNA是遗传物质C.两实验均是将DNA与蛋白质分开,研究各自的作用效应D.两实验均应用了同位素示踪技术,以研究DNA在亲代与子代之间的传递4.右图表示人体内某些血细胞生成的途径,a~d表示不同种类的细胞,请你判断下列说法中错误的是A.各免疫细胞来源相同但功能不同,根本原因是不同细胞表达的基因不同B.免疫细胞中没有特异性识别功能的是吞噬细胞和浆细胞C.c和d分别在骨髓和胸腺中发育而成D.当再次受抗原刺激后,机体免疫反应更强,主要与c和d有关。5.下图从左至右表示动作电位传导的示意图。据图不能得出的结论是A.动作电位在神经纤维上传导时电位变化是一样的B.K+外流和Na+内流过程都不消耗ATPC.Na+内流可能与局部电流的刺激有关D.兴奋部位恢复为静息电位可能与K+ 外流有关6.燕麦胚芽鞘经右图一所示处理, 一段时间后,取其甲、乙两块琼脂,置于已切去尖端的胚芽鞘A、B上,A给予单侧光照处理如图二所示。则生长速度A.A=B B.A>B C.A<B D.不一定7.中学化学教材中有大量数据,下列是某同学对数据的利用情况,其中正确的是A.利用焓变的数据或熵变的数据一定能单独判断反应是否能自发进行B.利用反应热数据的大小判断不同反应的反应速率的大小C.利用沸点数据推测将一些液体混合物分离开来的可能性D.利用溶液的pH与7的大小关系,判断pH=6.8的溶液一定显酸性8.下列说法正确的是A.H2O+ H2O H3O++OH-属于水解反应B.沉淀的转化实质上是沉淀溶解平衡的移动C.由反应SiO2+Na2CO3 Na2SiO3+CO2↑可知:H2SiO3的酸性强于H2CO3D.若NA为阿伏加德罗常数,则标准状况下,44.8 L NO与22.4 LO2混合后气体中分子总数为3NA9.下列各组离子或分子一定能在溶液中常量共存的是A.K+、NH4+、SO32-、HClO B.Na+、CO32-、SO42-、AlO2-C.Al3+、Ba2+、NH3·H2O、Cl- D.Fe3+、Fe2+、SCN-、Cl-10.分类方法在化学学科的发展中起到重要的作用,下列分类标准合理的是A.根据纯净物的元素组成,将纯净物分为单质和化合物B.根据溶液导电能力强弱,将电解质分为强电解质、弱电解质C.根据是否具有丁达尔效应,将分散系分为溶液、浊液和胶体D.根据反应中的能量变化,将化学反应分为“化合、分解、复分解、置换”四类11.已知25℃时有关弱酸的电离平衡常数:弱酸化学式 CH3COOH HCN H2CO3电离平衡常数(25℃) 1.8×l0-5 4.9×l0-10 K1 = 4.3×l0-7 K2 = 5.6×l0-11现维持25℃,下列有关说法正确的是A.NaHCO3溶液中:c(OH-)-c(H+) = c(H2CO3)-c(CO32-)B.a mol·L-1 HCN溶液与b mol·L-1 NaOH溶液等体积混合,所得溶液中c(Na+)>c(CN-),则a一定小于bC.冰醋酸中逐滴加水,则溶液的导电性、醋酸的电离程度、pH均先增大后减小D.等物质的量浓度的各溶液pH关系为:pH(NaHCO3)>pH(NaCN)>pH(CH3COONa)12.根据下图,判断下列说法中错误的是A.石墨电极为正极,Ag电极为负极 B.负极电极反应式:Fe3+ + e-=Fe2+C.盐桥中阴离子移向AgNO3溶液 D.总反应为:Fe3+ + Ag=Fe2+ + Ag+13.在实验室里可按上图所示的装置来干燥、收集气体R,多余的气体可用水吸收,则R是A.HCl B.Cl2 C.NO2 D.NH3二、选择题:本大题共8小题,共48分;每小题给出的四个选项中,有的只有一个选项正确,有的有多个选项正确,全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分.14.以匀速行驶的汽车即将通过路口,绿灯还有2 s将熄灭,此时汽车距离停车线18m。该车加速时最大加速度大小为,减速时最大加速度大小为。此路段允许行驶的最大速度为,下列说法中正确的有A.如果立即做匀加速运动,在绿灯熄灭前汽车可能通过停车线B.如果立即做匀加速运动,在绿灯熄灭前通过停车线汽车一定超速C.如果立即做匀减速运动,在绿灯熄灭前汽车一定不能通过停车线D.如果距停车线处减速,汽车能停在停车线处15.2008年9月25日至28日我国成功实施了“神舟”七号载入航天飞行并实现了航天员首次出舱。飞船先沿椭圆轨道飞行,后在远地点343千米处点火加速,由椭圆轨道变成高度为343千米的圆轨道,在此圆轨道上飞船运行周期约为90分钟。下列判断正确的是A.飞船变轨前后的机械能相等B.飞船在圆轨道上时航天员出舱前后都处于失重状态C.飞船在此圆轨道上运动的角速度大于同步卫星运动的角速度D.飞船变轨前通过椭圆轨道远地点时的加速度大于变轨后沿圆轨道运动的加速度16.如图甲所示,静止在水平地面上的物块A,受到水平拉力F的作用,F与时间t的关系如图乙所示,设物块与地面之间的最大静摩擦力fm大小与滑动摩擦力大小相等,则下列说法中错误的是A.t0时间内加速度最小 B.t0时间内F做的功为零C.t1时刻物块的速度最大 D.t2时刻物块的速度最大17.质量为m的带电小球在正交的匀强电场、匀强磁场中做匀速圆周运动,轨道平面在竖直平面内,电场方向竖直向下,磁场方向垂直圆周所在平面向里,如图所示,由此可知A.小球带正电,沿顺时针方向运动 B.小球带负电,沿顺时针方向运动C.小球带正电,沿逆时针方向运动 D.小球带负电,沿逆时针方向运动18.如图所示的光滑斜面的倾角为30°,轻绳通过两个滑轮与A相连,轻绳的另一端固定于天花板上,不计轻绳与滑轮的摩擦及滑轮的质量.物块A的质量为m,连接A的轻绳与斜面平行,挂上物块B后,当滑轮两边轻绳的夹角为90°时,A、B恰能保持静止,则物块B的质量为A. B. C.m D.2m19.如图所示电路,电感线圈L的自感系数足够大,其直流电阻忽略不计,LA、LB是两个相同的灯泡,设实验过程中灯泡均没有损坏,则A.S闭合瞬间,LA不亮,LB很亮;S断开瞬间,LA、LB立即熄灭B.S闭合瞬间,LA很亮,LB逐渐亮;S断开瞬间,LA逐渐熄灭,LB立即熄灭 C.S闭合瞬间,LA、LB同时亮,然后LA熄灭,LB亮度不变;S断开瞬间,LA亮一下才熄灭,LB立即熄灭; D.S闭合瞬间.LA、LB同时亮,然后A逐渐变暗到熄灭,B变得更亮;S断开瞬间,A亮一下才熄灭,B立即熄灭20.某同学在研究电子在电场中的运动时,得到了电子由a点运动到b点的轨迹(图中实线所示),图中未标明方向的一组虚线可能是电场线,也可能是等势面,则下列说法正确的判断是A.如果图中虚线是电场线,电子由a点运动到b点,动能减小,电势能增大。B.如果图中虚线是等势面,电子由a点运动到b点,动能增大,电势能减小。C.不论图中虚线是电场线还是等势面,a点的场强都大于b点的场强D.不论图中虚线是电场线还是等势面,a点的电势都高于b点的电势21.去年五月实施酒驾入刑以后,酒驾现象大幅减少,酒精测试仪在市场上热销。酒精测试仪用于对机动车驾驶人员是否酒后驾车及其他严禁酒后作业人员的现场检测,它利用的是一种二氧化锡半导体型酒精气体传感器。酒精气体传感器的电阻随酒精气体浓度的变化而变化,在如图所示的电路中,不同的酒精气体浓度对应着传感器的不同电阻,这样,显示仪表的指针就与酒精气体浓度有了对应关系。如果二氧化锡半导体型酒精气体传感器电阻r’的倒数与酒精气体的浓度成正比,那么,电压表示数U与酒精气体浓度c之间的对应关系正确的是A.U越大,表示c越大,c与U成正比B.U越大,表示c越大,但是c与U不成正比C.U越大,表示c越小,c与U成反比D.U越大,表示c越小,但是c与U不成反比第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共174分)22.(6分)某同学利用验证机械能守恒定律的实验装置来测定当地的重力加速度,该同学在通过实验得到的纸带上选取6个点,每相邻两个点之间的时间间隔均为T,其中1、2、3点相邻,4、5、6点也相邻.3、4点之间还有几个不清楚的点.若测得1、3之间距离为,4、6之间的距离为,2、5之间的距离为.则第2点速度的表达式=,重力加速度的表达式是g= 。23.(9分)实际电流表有内阻,现在要测量实际电流表的内阻.供选择的仪器如下:A.待测电流表(,内阻约300Ω) B.电流表(,内阻约100Ω)C.电压表V1(量程6V,内阻未知) D.电压表V2(量程15V,内阻未知)E.滑动变阻器(Ω) F.滑动变阻器(Ω)G.定值电阻(300Ω) H.定值电阻(10Ω)I.直流电源(E=3V,r=0.5Ω) J.电键S及导线若干.(1)请选择合适的器材设计实验电路,并把电路图画在方框中(图中标明所选器材)(2)根据测量所得物理量,电流表的内阻= .24.(13分)如图所示,放在水平地面上的木板B长为1.2m,质量为=2kg,B与地面间的动摩擦因数为μ1=0.2;一质量为=3kg的小铅块A放在B的左端,A、B之间动摩擦因数为μ2=0.4.刚开始A、B均处于静止状态,现使A获得3m/s向右的初速度(g=10m/s2),求:(1)A、B刚开始运动时的加速度;(2)A在B上滑动,经过多少时间达到共同速度?A最后停在B上何处?25.(15分)如图所示,光滑绝缘的细圆管弯成半径为R的半圆形,固定在竖直面内,管口B、C的连线水平.质量为m的带正电小球从B点正上方的A点自由下落,A、B两点间距离为4R.从小球(小球直径小于细圆管直径)进人管口开始,整个空间中突然加上一个斜向左上方的匀强电场,小球所受电场力在竖直方向上的分力方向向上,大小与重力相等,结果小球从管口C处离开圆管后,又能经过A点.设小球运动过程中电荷量没有改变,重力加速度为g,求:(1)小球到达B点时的速度大小;(2)小球受到的电场力大小;(3)小球经过管口C处时对圆管壁的压力.26.(19分)如图所示,空间某平面内有一条折线是磁场的分界线,在折线的两侧分布着方向相反、与平面垂直的匀强磁场,磁感应强度大小都为B.折线的顶角∠A=90°,P、Q是折线上的两点,AP=AQ=L.现有一质量为m、电荷量为q的带负电微粒从P点沿PQ方向射出,不计微粒的重力.(1)若在P、Q间外加一与磁场方向垂直的匀强电场,能使速度为射出的微粒沿PQ直线运动到Q点,则匀强电场的场强为多大 (2)撤去(1)中的匀强电场,为使微粒从P点射出后,途经折线的顶点A而到达Q点,求初速度应满足什么条件 (3)求第(2)问中微粒从P点到达Q点所用时间的最小值.27.(17分)研究NO2、SO2、CO等大气污染气体的处理具有重要意义。(1)利用反应6NO2+8NH3 7N2+12H2O可以处理NO2。当转移1.2mol电子时,生成的N2在标准状况下是 L。(2)已知:2SO2(g)+O2(g) 2SO3(g) △H=-196.6kJ·mol-12NO(g)+O2(g) 2NO2(g) △H=-113.0kJ·mol-1则反应NO2(g)+SO2(g) SO3(g)+NO(g)的△H= kJ·mol-1。一定条件下,将NO2与SO2以体积比1:2置于密闭容器中发生上述反应,下列能说明反应达到平衡状态的是 。a. 体系压强保持不变 b. 混合气体颜色保持不变c. SO3和NO的体积比保持不变 d. 每消耗1mol SO3的同时生成1mol NO2测得上述反应平衡时NO2与SO2体积比为1:6,则平衡常数K= 。(3)CO可用于合成甲醇,反应方程式为CO(g)+2H2(g) CH3OH(g)。CO在不同温度下的平衡转化率与压强的关系如图1所示。该反应△H 0(填“>”或“<”)。实际生产条件控制在250oC、1.3×104kPa左右,选择此压强的理由是 。(4)某实验小组依据甲醇燃烧的反应原理,设计如图2所示的装置。已知甲池的总反应式为:2CH3OH+3O2+4KOH 2K2CO3+6H2O。请回答:①通入O2的电极名称是 ,B电极的名称是 。②通入CH3OH的电极的电极反应式是 ,A电极的电极反应式为 。28.(11分)A、B、C、D、E、F为中学化学中的常见物质,且物质A由1~2种短周期元素组成,在一定条件下有如下转化关系,请完成下列问题:(1)若常温下A为有色气体①若F是一种金属单质,请写出B和适量F反应生成C与气体E的离子方程式: 。②若C为直线型分子,E具有漂白性,物质F焰色反应呈黄色,则C的结构式为: 。(2)若A为淡黄色固体,且物质A和D的式量相等,请用离子方程式表示物质F的水溶液呈酸性的原因: 。(3)若物质A中一种元素原子的最外层电子数为内层电子总数的1/5,将B和D分别溶于水,所得溶液按恰当比例混合,可得一不含金属元素的盐溶液,请写出A与H2O 反应的化学方程式: 。29.(12分)现有五种可溶性物质A、B、C、D、E,它们所含的阴、阳离子互不相同,分别含有五种阳离子Na+、Al3+、Mg2+、Ba2+、Fe3+和五种阴离子Cl-、OH-、NO3-、CO32-、X中的一种。(1)某同学通过分析比较,认为无需检验就可判断其中必有的两种物质是和 (填化学式)。(2)为了确定X,现将(1)中的两种物质记为A和B,当C与B的溶液混合时,产生红褐色沉淀和无色无味气体;当C与A的溶液混合时产生混合物沉淀,向该沉淀中滴入稀盐酸,沉淀部分溶解,最后留有白色沉淀不再溶解。则:①X为 (填序号)。A.SO32- B.SO42- C.CH3COO- D.SiO32-②A中的化学键类型为 。③将0.02mol的A与0.01mol的C同时溶解在足量的蒸馏水中,充分反应后,最终所得沉淀的质量为 (精确到0.1g)。④利用上述已经确定的物质,可以检验出D、E中的阳离子。请简述实验操作步骤、现象及结论 。30.(18分)黄铁矿是我国大多数硫酸厂制取硫酸的主要原料。某化学兴趣小组对某黄铁矿石(主要成分为FeS2)进行如下实验探究。【实验一】:测定硫元素的含量I.将m1g该黄铁矿样品放入如下图所示装置(夹持和加热装置省略)的石英管中,从a处不断地缓缓通入空气,高温灼烧石英管中的黄铁矿样品至反应完全得到红棕色固体和一种刺激性气味的气体。写出石英管中发生反应的化学方程式为: 。Ⅱ.反应结束后,将乙瓶中的溶液进行如下处理:问题讨论:(1)I中,甲中所盛试剂是 。乙瓶内发生反应的离子方程式有 、 。(2)Ⅱ中,所加H2O2溶液需足量的理由是 。(3)该黄铁矿石中硫元素的质量分数为 。【实验二】:设计以下实验方案测定铁元素的含量问题讨论:(4)②中,若用铁粉作还原剂,则所测得的铁元素的含量 (填“偏大”、“偏小”或“无影响”,下同);若将稀释液久置后再用酸性KMnO4滴定,则所测得的铁元素的含量 。(5)③中,需要用到的仪器除烧杯、玻璃棒、胶头滴管外,还有 。(6)某同学一共进行了三次滴定实验,三次实验结果记录如下:实验次数 第一次 第二次 第三次消耗KMnO4溶液体积/mL 26.42 25.05 24.95根据所给数据,计算该稀释液中Fe2+的物质的量浓度为c= 。(提示:5Fe2+MnO4-+8H+=Mn2++5Fe3++4H2O)31.(10分)下图表示在最适温度、最适pH等条件下,反应物浓度对酶所催化的化学反应速率的影响。请回答:(1)该曲线的AB段表明,随着反应物浓度的增加,反应速率 。(2)如果温度升高10℃重复实验,则图中A点的位置将 (填上移/下移/不变),因为 。(3)如果从乙点开始,往反应混合物中加入少量同样的酶,曲线中B点会 。(4)如果要验证在最适温度、最适pH等条件下,淀粉液浓度对淀粉酶所催化的化学反应速率的影响,可以取多个测试装置,分别向各个装置中加入等量的酶和 ,测定其反应速率。32.(12分)(1)图1表示番茄叶肉细胞内两个重要生理过程中C、H、O的变化。请据图回答:① 图中甲、乙生理过程所发生的场所为 、 。② 图中甲过程的A在 产生 (答具体部位);乙过程中,A的利用发生在该过程的第 阶段。(2)下图是某同学“探究影响植物光合速率因素”的实验装置图。请回答:图1 图2①图2装置中隔在灯与试管之间盛水玻璃柱的作用是 。②在试管内CO2浓度不变的前提下,每隔30 min改变一次试管与玻璃柱之间的距离,随着距离的增加,气泡产生速率下降,产生这一结果的主要原因是 。33.(12分)由于基因突变,导致蛋白质中的一个赖氨酸发生了改变。根据下表和图回答问题:第一个字母 第二个字母 第三个字母U C A GA 异亮氨酸 苏氨酸 天冬酰胺 丝氨酸 U异亮氨酸 苏氨酸 天冬酰胺 丝氨酸 C异亮氨酸 苏氨酸 赖氨酸 精氨酸 A甲硫氨酸 苏氨酸 赖氨酸 精氨酸 G(1)图中I过程叫 ,II过程发生的场所是 。(2)如果DNA分子一条链的碱基排序是…TACTGCTCGTCC…,则以该链为模板形成的 mRNA最终指导合成的肽链中氨基酸的序列是 。(3)除赖氨酸以外,图解中X是密码子表中哪一种氨基酸的可能性最小 。原因是 。(4)某植物体细胞发生上述突变后,基因型发生改变(含2对基因),控制的花色为蓝花,该细胞经植物组织培养所得植株再自交, 其子代为:1紫:6红:9蓝。若将这一子代中的红花植株的花粉两两融合,培养出的融合植株花色的表现型和基因型种类分别有 种。34.(12分)向小白鼠体内注射促甲状腺激素.会使其下丘脑分泌的促甲状腺激素释放激素减少。某兴趣小组对此现象进行解释时存在两种不同的假说:假说一:这是直接对下丘脑进行反馈调节的结果;假说二:这是通过促进 ① ,进而对下丘脑进行反馈调节的结果。为了验证哪一种假说与实际情况相符,该兴趣小组设计了如下实验。(一)实验材料与用具:生理状态相同的A、B两组小白鼠、促甲状腺激素溶液、手术器械等。(二)实验步骤组别 A组 B组实验前 测定两组动物血液中的 ② 的含量实验处理 切除小白鼠的 ③ 做相同外科手术,但不摘除此器官注射 向两组小白鼠注射等量且适宜的 ④ 溶液培养 在相同且适宜的环境条件下培养一段时间检测实验结果 再次测定A、B两组小白鼠血液中的该种激素的含量。(三)预期实验结果及结论若支持假说一 若支持假说二A组 所检测的该种激素的含量下降 所检测的该种激素含量 ⑥B组 该种激素含量下降且 ⑤ 该种激素的含量下降35.(8分)某兴趣小组深入到一块弃耕农田进行调查,发现连原来的田埂都淹没在杂草之中,只有零星的小麦。杂草中有大家熟悉的狗尾草、车前草等,多数是叫不出名的单子叶植物。调查中同学们观察到食草昆虫、青蛙、蜘蛛和蛇类等动物。请回答:(1)该弃耕农田中,各种生物种群的集合,称为 。(2)该生态系统中的能量流动从农作物和杂草固定太阳能开始,其特点是 。(3)请依据调查情况,在方框内表示该农田中可能形成的食物网。植物假如在适宜的气候条件下,若干年后该弃耕农田中长出小灌木丛,以至演替出树林,在这一演替过程中生物群落内的能量和结构均发生了变化,与演替前相比,生态系统的总稳定性(增强或减弱)了。高温催化剂△ABEFCDFH2O乙瓶中的溶液滤液滤渣m2 g固体H2O2溶液过量BaCl2溶液洗涤、烘干、称量①用足量稀硫酸溶解石英管中的固体残渣②加还原剂使溶液中的Fe3+完全转化为Fe2+后,过滤、洗涤③将滤液稀释至250mL④取稀释液25.00mL用0.1mol/L的酸性KMnO4溶液滴定本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共4页。全卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。★ 祝考试顺利 ★注意事项:1.考生在答题前,请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填在答题卡上.2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号,答在试卷上无效。3.填空题和解答题用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔答在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内。答在试题卷上无效。第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共50分)一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.复数A.i B.–i C.1 D.-12.设x,y∈R,则“x≥2且y≥2”是“≥4”的A.充分必要条件B.必要而不充分条件C.充分不必要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件3.如图给出的是计算的值的一个程序框图,其 中判断框内应填入的条件是( )A. B.C. D.4.与向量a=(1,2),b=(2,1)夹角相等的单位向量的坐标为A.(1,1) B.C. D.或5.某四面体三视图为如图所示的三个直角三角形,则该四面体四个面的面积中最大的是A. B.C. D.6.在下列区间中,函数的零点所在的区间为A. B. C.( D.7.在区间[-1,1]上任取两数s和t,则关于x的方程的两根都是正数的概率为A. B. C. D.8.中a、b、c分别为内角A、B、C所对的边,且 则BC边上的高等于A. B. C. D.9.设x,y满足约束条件若目标函数(a>0,b>0)的最大值为12,则的最小值为A. B. C. D.410.某工厂产生的废气经过过滤后排放,在过滤过程中,污染物的数量p(单位:毫克/升)不断减少,已知p与时间t(单位:小时)满足关系:,其中为t=0时的污染物数量,又测得当t=30时,污染物数量的变化率是,则p(60)=A.150毫克/升 B.300毫克/升C.150ln2 毫克/升 D.300ln2毫克/升第Ⅱ卷(非选择题,共100分)二、填空题:本大题共5小题,每小题5分,共25分.请将答案填在答题卡中相应的位置11.的展开式中的常数项是: 。(请用数字作答)12.双曲线上一点P到它的一个焦点的距离等于1,那么点P到另一个焦点的距离为 13.函数的最大值等于14.如图,在一个6的正方形方格的对角线上的3个小方格中分别含有一个五角星,则含有2个五角星的矩形共有个。15.(选做题:本题有以下两个小题,考生可以任意选做其中一个小题,如果全做则按第1小题评分)(1)(几何证明选讲选做题)如图,已知是圆的切线,切点为,直线交圆于两点, ,,则切线PA的长度等于 .(2)(坐标系与参数方程选讲选做题)已知直线(t为参数)与曲线C:(为参数)交于A、B两点,则点M(-1,2)与A、B两点的距离之积三、解答题:本大题共6个小题,共75分.解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤16.(本题满分12分)设函数(I)对的图像作如下变换:先将的图像向右平移个单位,再将横坐标伸长到原来的2倍,纵坐标不变,得到函数的图像,求的解析式;(II)已知,且,求的值。17.(本题满分12分)如图,四棱锥P-ABCD中,PA⊥底面ABCD,AB⊥AD,点E在线段AD上,CE∥AB。(Ⅰ)求证:CE⊥平面PAD;(Ⅱ)若PA=AB=1,AD=3,且CD与平面PAD所成的角为45°,求二面角B—PE—A的正切值。18.(本题满分12分)某中学将100名高一新生分成水平相同的甲、乙两个“平行班”,每班50人.陈老师采用A、B两种不同的教学方式分别在甲、乙两个班级进行教改实验.为了解教学效果,期末考试后,陈老师对甲、乙两个班级的学生成绩进行统计分析,画出频率分布直方图(如下图).记成绩不低于90分者为“成绩优秀”.(I)从乙班随机抽取2名学生的成绩,记“成绩优秀”的个数为,求的分布列和数学期望;(II)根据频率分布直方图填写下面列联表,并判断是否有95%的把握认为“成绩优秀”与教学方式有关。19.(本题满分12分)设函数,已知和为的极值点。(I)求a和b的值;(II)设,试证恒成立。20.(本题满分13分)已知在直角坐标平面XOY中,有一个不在Y轴上的动点P(x,y),到定点F(0,)的距离比它到X轴的距离多,记P点的轨迹为曲线C(I)求曲线C的方程;(II)已知点M在Y轴上,且过点F的直线与曲线C交于A、B两点,若 为正三角形,求M点的坐标与直线的方程。21.(本题满分14分)已知数列中,且数列的前n项和又设。(Ⅰ)求证:数列是等比数列;(II)求数列的通项及前n项和( = 2 \* ROMAN III)求证:2011——2012学年度高三期末考试理科数学参考答案与评分标准选择题:1.A,2.C,3.A,4.D,5.C,6.C,7.A,8.D,9.B, 10.A填空题:11.-20, 12.17, 13.6,14.43, 15.(1);(2)解答题:16(I) (3分)(6分)(II)由(II)可知,(12分)DE=CE=AB=1,AE=2, (6分)连PE,BE法一:以A为原点O,AD为OX轴,AB为OY轴,AP为OZ轴建立空间直角坐标系A(0,0,0),B(0,1,0)E(2,0,0)由(I)知AB为平面PAE的法向量且设平面PBE的法向量为由得解之,得取(8分)设所求二面角的平面角为,则(12分)法二:作于H,连BH,由(I)知平面AHB为所求二面角的平面角 (10分)在中,由,得 (12分)18. 本题两问各6分19.解:(I)又和为的极值点即解之,得 (4分)当时,,此时在区间内是增函数 (10分)综上,对任意实数x都有,又所以,对任意实数x都有,即恒成立。(12分)20.(I)解由题设 ,即整理得, (2分)当 当<0时,x=0,与题设不符舍去故所求曲线C的方程为 (4分)当k=0时,D与F重合由 得所以,此时M点的坐标为或(8分)当时,由得消去整理,得解之,得或,由得,所以,此时(12分)故所求M点的坐标为或此时直线的方程为或此时直线的方程为(13分)21.(I)解当时,数列是等比数列;(4分)(II)由(I)得, 由此得(6分)(8分)(III)证明:原不等式等价于 (9分)将代入上式并整理,即证不等式成立 (11分)又 (14分)故原不等式成立天门 仙桃 潜江江 汉 油 田本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共4页。全卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。★ 祝考试顺利 ★注意事项:1.考生在答题前,请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填在答题卡上.2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号,答在试卷上无效。3.填空题和解答题用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔答在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内。答在试题卷上无效。参考公式(1),其中,(2)方差,其中为,,…,的平均数(3)0.15 0.10 0.05 0.025 0.010 0.005 0.0012.072 2.706 3.841 5.024 6.635 7.879 10.828第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共50分)一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.若是夹角为的两个单位向量,则A.-4 B.-3 C. D.-72.设集合,,则“”是“”的A.充分而不必要条件 B.必要而不充分条件C.充分必要条件 D.即不充分也不必要条件3.如图给出的是计算的值的一个程序框图,其 中判断框内应填入的条件是( )A. B.C. D.4.若函数的最小正周期为1,则它的图象的一个对称中心为A. B.(0,0)C. D.5.《莱茵德纸草书》是世界上最古老的数学著作之一。书中有一道这样的题目:把100个面包分给5个人,使每人所得成等差数列,且使较大的三份之和的是较小的两份之和,问最小的一份为A. B. C.5 D.6.定义在上的偶函数,当,则满足的x取值范围是A.(-1,2) B.(-2,1)C. [-1,2] D.(-2,1].7.某四面体三视图为如图所示的三个直角三角形,则该四面体四个面的面积中最大的是A. B.C. D.8.为了了解某地区高三学生的身体发育情况,抽查了该地区100名年龄为17.5岁~18岁的男生体重(kg),得到频率分布直方图如下根据上图,可得这100名学生中体重在的学生人数是A.20 B.40 C.60 D.809.若曲线:与曲线:有四个不同的交点,则实数m的取值范围是A. B.C. D.10.某工厂产生的废气经过过滤后排放,在过滤过程中,污染物的数量p(单位:毫克/升)不断减少,已知p与时间t(单位:小时)满足关系:,其中为t=0时的污染物数量,又测得当t=30时,污染物数量的变化率是,则p(60)=A.150毫克/升 B.300毫克/升C.150ln2 毫克/升 D.300ln2毫克/升第Ⅱ卷(非选择题,共100分)二、填空题:本大题共7小题,每小题5分,共35分.请将答案填在答题卡中相应的位置11.复数12.已知线性回归方程13.某班数学兴趣小组有男生和女生各3名,现从中任选2名学生去参加校数学竞赛,则至少有一名参赛学生是男生的概率为14.已知,则的取值范围是15.中a、b、c分别为内角A、B、C所对的边,且则BC边上的高等于16.已知曲线C的方程为,则当C为双曲线时,的取值范围是 当C为焦点在轴上的椭圆时,的取值范围是17.已知且则h的最大值等于三、解答题:本大题共6个小题,共75分.解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤18.(本题满分12分):设函数(I)对的图像作如下变换:先将的图像向右平移个单位,再将横坐标伸长到原来的2倍,纵坐标不变,得到函数的图像,求的解析式;(II)已知,且,求的值。19.(本题满分12分)如图,四棱锥P-ABCD中,PA⊥底面ABCD,AB⊥AD,点E在线段AD上,CE∥AB。(Ⅰ)求证:CE⊥平面PAD;(Ⅱ)若PA=AB=1,AD=3,且CD与平面PAD所成的角为45°,求点D到平面PCE的距离。20.(本题满分13分)已知数列中,且(),又设。(Ⅰ)求数列的通项及前n项和;(Ⅱ)假设对任意n>1都有,求 的取值范围。21.(本题满分14分).已知三次函数的导函数,,,为实数。(I)若曲线在点(,)处切线的斜率为12,求的值;(II)若在区间上的最小值、最大值分别为和1,且,求函数的解析式。22.(本题满分14分)已知在直角坐标平面XOY中,有一个不在Y轴上的动点P(x,y),到定点F(0,)的距离比它到X轴的距离多,记P点的轨迹为曲线C(I)求曲线C的方程;(II)已知点M在Y轴上,且过点F的直线与曲线C交于A、B两点,若 为正三角形,求M点的坐标与直线的方程。注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。3.非选择题的作答:用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,只上交答题卡。一、基础知识(15分,每小题3分)1.下列词语中加点的字,读音全都正确的一组是A.曝(bào)光 尽管(jǐn) 框(kuàng)架 望风披靡(mí)B.重创(chuāng) 道行(héng) 处方(chǔ) 开门揖(yī)盗C.惬(qiè)意 漩(xuàn)涡 召唤(zhào) 徇私舞弊(xùn)D.压轴(zhòu) 顷刻(qīng) 潜伏(qián) 奴颜婢膝(bì)2.下列词语中没有错别字的一组是A.文身 九州 戮力同心 有志者事竟成B.气概 影碟 融会贯通 吉人自有天象C.陷阱 桥礅 流言蜚语 水至清则无鱼D.赔偿 诀别 集思广议 化干戈为玉帛3.下列各句中,加点词语使用恰当的一句是A.为迎接新春佳节到来,国寿上海分公司和国际知名珠宝加工企业香港嘉麟金店,联手为鹤卡客户推出了“钻石,献给我最爱的人”的大型惠赠活动。B.今年10月份以来,全国煤矿接连发生了6起重大事故,死亡101人,但一些非法业主还是认为不足为训,利欲熏心,至今仍在铤而走险。C.美国的量化宽松货币政策实际上就是要让其他国家来替它承担经济危机带来的后果,这种做法无异于李代桃僵。D.人民币兑美元汇率自11月30日起连续多日触及“跌停”,一时间,有关“热钱”流出的说法甚嚣尘上,令本已阴霾密布的国内楼市和股市更显惨淡。4.下列各句中,没有语病的一句是A.自以旧换新等政策实现以来,只有汽车、家电行业纳入政策补贴的品类,对于制造销售教育类电子产品的电教行业来说快易典此次开展“以旧换新”活动还是先例。B.今年上半年,中国并购市场持续爆发性增长,中国市场共完成469起并购交易,交易总额达277.79亿美元,与去年同期相比,并购案例数同比增长了61.2%。C.明日,2011年美国网球公开赛进入收官日的压轴大战争夺,世界排名第一、二名的德约科维奇与纳达尔将继去年之后再度在阿什球场争夺冠亚军。D.这几年,高考录取率年年攀升,社会对高等教育的需求也水涨船高,考生们放弃高职高专的现象已很普遍,对本科院校也开始“挑肥拣瘦”。5.下列有关文学常识的表述,正确的一项是A.在我国元代,文学成就最高的当属“杂剧”,其代表人物为关汉卿。他与郑光祖、白朴、孔尚任一同被称为“元曲四大家”。B.《孔雀东南飞》是我国汉乐府民歌中最长的一首叙事诗,也是古乐府民歌的代表作,与北朝乐府民歌《木兰辞》并称为“乐府双璧”。C.雨果是19世纪伟大的批判现实主义文学家,是法国文学史上最伟大的作家之一。《巴黎圣母院》是他创作的第一部长篇小说。D.《楚辞》收集了屈原、宋玉等人的作品,具有楚地的语言特色和神话色彩,是我国现实主义诗歌的主要源头。后人将它与《诗经》并称“风骚”。二、现代文阅读(29分)(一)论述类文本阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面的文字,完成6—8题。在现实中实现美的创造廖小文一部优秀的文艺作品,真正感动观众和读者的,只能是深刻的内容和思想,而这其中必然会有深深的现实烙印。关注现实,在纷繁复杂的现象中提取美、创造美、展示美,给人们美好的愿景和期待,进而推动社会的发展,这是文艺作品成为永恒的生命力所在。现实主义作为一种文艺创作方法,早已存在。但是后来现实主义受到前所未有的冲击。脱离现实、解构现实成为一些文艺作品的习惯表达,并有愈演愈烈之势。关注现实是一种创作态度,而不是政治立场。中国的文学艺术受政治的影响颇深。一段时间,文艺作品的真实程度变成了对政治真理的信仰程度,简单直白式的“宣教式”创作手法取代了丰富多彩的艺术呈现。一些文艺家深受其害。但是,政治永远只是现实的一部分。作为文艺家应该清醒地认识到,过分张扬文艺“美”的纯粹性,文艺必然迷失方向。把文艺同现实生活和美育教化完全对立起来,使文艺游离于社会生活之外,文艺就只能由政治化的极端坠入非理性的深渊。而当文艺作品不再关注人们生活的时代和社会,不再给人理想、信念和美好愿景的时候,最终,人民也会逐渐丧失对文学艺术的信任、崇拜和敬畏之心。作为文艺家还应该理性的认识到,文艺家作为现实生活中的个体,永远不可能超离社会关系和历史的制约而绝对独立和自由。一味追求绝对独立和自由,其结果只能是与整个社会隔离甚至于对立,只能是自我孤立。社会发展需要一切美好事物的推动,人们生活需要一切美好愿景的支撑。文艺家是“人类灵魂的工程师”,这是一份至高的荣誉,也是一份沉甸甸的责任。人民期盼文艺家带来的不是过分渲染生活的苦难和丑陋。文艺家有责任也有能力去发现、提炼现实生活的美,进而以美的创造为人们平凡的生活注入一缕生机,为精神的缺失撑起一个脊梁,为人们创造美好生活提供勇气和力量。文艺家要关注到这个现实,在现实中实现美的创造。(选自2011年8月1日《光明日报》)6.下列关于“现实主义”和“唯美”的表述,不符合原文意思的一项是A.现实主义创作就是要从现实生活中提取美、创造美、展示美,从而表达理想和信念。B.尽管现实主义作为一种文艺创作方法早已存在,但现在的人习惯上都争相去脱离它。C.一些文艺家往往将唯美与现实相割裂,在自我和本能上下功夫,认为唯美才是文艺唯一本质。D.现实主义同样需要去发现美创造美,文艺和现实不应对立,而且文艺应该关注现实。7.下列理解,不符合原文意思的一项是A.文艺作品想感动人,既要关注现实,又要做到唯美,只有这样才能拥有众多读者。B.现实非政治,政治只是现实的诸多要素之一,文艺家不要因曾受其害就拒绝它。C.人们对文艺的信任、崇拜和敬畏,在很大程度上视其是否关注当时的时代和社会。D.表达理想和信念还是一味追求原始的冲动和欲望,则是评判文艺作品高下的标准。8.根据原文的内容,下列理解和分析不正确的一项是A.从现实主义文艺创作方法的现状来看,脱离现实,醉心于低俗、浅薄的表达,可能把文艺带入泥淖之中。B.“纯文艺”的观点认为唯美是唯一的,这就易导致为了片面追求美,而排斥现实,脱离现实,抛弃现实。C.政治永远只是现实的一部分,倘若文艺把现实看做政治,那么文艺就只能成为政治的教科书和传声筒。D.文艺家是“人类灵魂的工程师”,从现实中供给人们精神食粮,因此其他流派作家都不是真正的文艺家。(二)文学类/实用类文本阅读(20分)阅读下面的文字,完成9—12题。记吴冠中先生陈丹青②其实吴先生五十多岁,如许多靠边复出的老画家一样,到处请去给宾馆画大画。有一天晚上中央美院请他来给师生做讲演,那时没话筒,他几乎句句叫喊,苏南口音,词语简洁,高声历数十大美学问题,此刻我只记得一条:“美”不是“漂亮”,“漂亮”不是“美”!此前“文革”,哪有人这样子说话呢,我当即“神旺”,心想,这么明白的真理我怎么不知道啊?底下掌声雷动。讲完后,吴先生目光炯炯扣紧自己的左右手,向前平伸――不是武林打手的那种抱拳――对全场每一角落频频致意,好像预备捉牢台下所有人的臂膀,颤动着,摇撼着。我又看得“神旺”,心想,留法前辈到底不同,我怎么不知道这等漂亮激昂的手势呢!③圈子里传他语惊四座的段子,我猜都是真的。譬如九十年代为纪念中国美术馆成立多少周年,老少贤集,轮番捧场,待吴先生上去,却说:我们这样的大国,这样的美术馆,我感到可悲!――这“可悲”一词,必要以他的宜兴口音说,音同“苦拜”,且要狠狠的口齿,断然念出来――又譬如新世纪初全国美协主席职位出空,他是无可置疑的前辈,候选人之一,结果又说煞风景的话,弄得四座哑然。他说:我要是出任主席,头一件事,美协解散!这“解散”一词的宜兴腔,音同“加塞”,倘若狠狠的念,便十足吴冠中风神了。④初到清华美院那年,张仃先生、吴冠中先生、袁云甫先生,还有我,算是开始招收博士生。待吴先生由人扶进来,请他给墙上十几位考生作业评几句,他颤巍巍巡看一过,毅然说道:我一个都不招!“那么,吴先生您看是不是给打个分呀?”他应声叫道:“最高60分!”⑤我曾有幸见识过几位吴先生的同代人,杭州艺专,北平艺专,多有类似的耿介而强硬,可见民国出道的艺术家大致性情毕露,不看人脸色的,即便后来给整得不像人样子,熬过浩劫,一朝出头,脾性还是在,只是如吴先生这般不改其初,到老一贯,委实少见的。如今吴先生一去,言动周正的角色们总算松口气:这样地不留情面,给人难堪,实在是时代面前太不识相了:譬如中国的美术还不如非洲,譬如画院应该统统关闭,譬如一百个齐白石不抵一个鲁迅……每出一说,总有若干评家长篇大论结结巴巴反驳他,但他的资格摆在那里,芸芸众家究竟拿他没办法。现在好,诸位可以耳根清净了。但别的热闹也就跟上来,因吴先生毕竟是可资对外吹嘘的大门面,前些年与他“商榷”的论家们或许笔锋一转,又来称颂他老人家。⑥终其一生,吴先生是个文艺青年,学不会老成与世故,而他这一辈子的文艺青年大抵热烈而刻苦的。老同学孙景波70年代随吴先生在云南写生,说他画完收工回住地,天天亲手洗画笔。洗笔多烦啊,他却喜滋滋。袁云生先生与吴先生相熟,说“文革”后去他家看画,每一幅竟用报纸小心包好了,藏在柜子里,一幅幅取出,拆开,看过了,又仔细包拢放回去。这样的小心翼翼而善自珍重,也是一种过时的美德吧。⑦原中央工艺美院,今清华美术学院,张仃先生,吴冠中先生,是最可骄傲的两位老前辈,一位来自延安,一位去过巴黎,今年一年,他们先后停笔休息了。(选自《中国青年报》,有删节)9.下列对文章的分析和概括,正确的两项是 (5分)A.要想成为一名成功的画家,需要坚持吴冠中“形式决定内容”这一创作主张。B.第②段两个画线句中的“神旺”一词,巧用谐音,表明作者对吴冠中当时的语言和动作非常“神往”。C.同样是通过语言描写来表现人物,“我们这样的大国,这样的美术馆,我感到可悲!”是虚写,而“我一个都不招!”是实写D.“它颤巍巍巡看一过,毅然说道:我一个都不招!”一句,通过“颤巍巍”与“毅然”的强烈对比,表现了吴冠中不同常人的耿介性情。E.第⑤段中“诸位可以耳根清净了”“又来称颂他老人家”从侧面分别表现出吴冠中敢于直言的性格与其不凡的成就。10.文章第②、③两段多次叙说吴冠中在说话时带有“苏南口音”“宜兴口音”“宜兴腔”,有何意图?(3分)11.吴冠中先生作为“最可骄傲的老前辈”之一,有哪些可贵的品质?(4分)12.“一百个齐白石不抵一个鲁迅”,你对吴冠中的这一观点有何认识?请联系文意及其他知识谈谈自己的看法。(8分)三、古诗文阅读(34分)(一)文言文阅读(21分)阅读下面一段文言文,完成13—17题张中丞传后叙韩愈元和二年四月十三日夜,愈与吴郡张籍阅家中旧书,得李翰所为《张巡传》。翰以文章自名,为此传颇详密。然尚恨有阙者:不为许远立传,又不载雷万春事首尾。远虽材若不及巡者,开门纳巡;位本在巡上。授之柄而处其下,无所疑忌,竟与巡俱守死,成功名;城陷而虏,与巡死先后异耳。两家子弟材智下,不能通知二父志,以为巡死而远就虏,疑畏死而辞服于贼。远诚畏死,何苦守尺寸之地,食其所爱之肉,以与贼抗而不降乎?当其围守时,外无蚍蜉蚁子之援,所欲忠者,国与主耳,而贼语以国亡主灭。远见救援不至,而贼来益众,必以其言为信;外无待而犹死守,人相食且尽,虽愚人亦能数日而知死所矣。远之不畏死亦明矣!乌有城坏其徒俱死,独蒙愧耻求活?虽至愚者不忍为,呜呼!而谓远之贤而为之邪?当二公之初守也,宁能知人之卒不救,弃城而逆遁?苟此不能守,虽避之他处何益?及其无救而且穷也,将其创残饿羸之余,虽欲去,必不达。二公之贤,其讲之精矣!守一城捍天下以千百就尽之卒战百万日滋之师蔽遮江淮沮遏其势天下之不亡其谁之功也!当是时,弃城而图存者,不可一二数;擅强兵坐而观者,相环也。不追议此,而责二公以死守,亦见其自比于逆乱,设淫辞而助之攻也。愈尝从事于汴徐二府,屡道于两府间,亲祭于其所谓双庙者。(节选自韩愈《张中丞传后叙》)13.对下列句子中加点词语的解释,不正确的一项是A.远诚畏死 诚:如果B.观者见其然,从而尤之 尤:归罪,责备C.将其创残饿羸之余 将:率领D.二公之贤,其讲之精矣 讲:谈论14.下列各组句子中,加点词的意义和用法不相同的一组是A.授之柄而处其下 吾从而师之B.以与贼抗而不降乎 宁许以负秦屈C.外无待而犹死守 且举世誉之而不加劝D.愈尝从事于汴徐二府 以其无礼于晋15.下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是A.李翰因文章而自负,写《张巡传》十分详密。但遗憾的是还有缺陷,一是没有为许远立传,二是没有能够记载雷万春事迹的始末。B.由于张、许两家的子弟才智低下,又没有接到父辈就义的通知,认为张巡战死而许远被俘,怀疑许远是怕死而投降了叛军。C.虽然睢阳城陷落是从许远分守的西南方开始的,但是用这个理由来诽谤许远,就如同绳子断了就责怪先受侵害和先裂的地方一样无知。D.文章将张、许二人与众多弃城保命和拥强兵而观望的人进行了对比,热情赞美了张、许二人的功劳。16.用“/”给文中画波浪线的部分断句。(3分)守 一 城 捍 天 下 以 千 百 就 尽 之 卒 战 百 万 日 滋 之 师 蔽 遮 江 淮 沮 遏 其 势 天 下 之 不 亡 其 谁 之 功 也17.翻译下面的句子。(9分)⑴竟与巡俱守死,成功名;城陷而虏,与巡死先后异耳。(3分)⑵虽至愚者不忍为,呜呼!而谓远之贤而为之邪?(3分)⑶屡道于两府间,亲祭于其所谓双庙者。(3分)(二)古代诗歌鉴赏(8分)18.阅读下面这首词,然后回答问题。(8分)临江仙·饮散离亭西去徐昌图饮散离亭西去,浮生长恨飘蓬。回头烟柳渐重重。淡云孤雁远,寒日暮天红。今夜画船何处?潮平淮月朦胧。酒醒人静奈愁浓。残灯孤枕梦,轻浪五更风。⑴诗中的“浮生”二字是古人常用的字眼,请结合这首词谈谈你对“浮生”一词的理解。(3分)⑵“淡云孤雁远,寒日暮天红”一句运用了哪些表现手法?这首词表达了作者怎样的思想感情?(5分)(三)名篇名句默写。(5分)19.补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(任选5题,多选则按前5题计分,每空1分)⑴ 问征夫以前路, 。(陶渊明《归去来兮辞》⑵ 落霞与孤鹜齐飞, 。(王勃《滕王阁序》)⑶ 吴楚东南坼, 。(杜甫《登岳阳楼》)⑷ 未老莫还乡, 。(韦庄《菩萨蛮》)⑸ ,空中闻天鸡。(李白《梦游天姥吟留别》⑹ 小楫轻舟, 。(周邦彦《苏幕遮》)(7)居庙堂之高则忧其民; 。(范仲淹《岳阳楼记》)(8)人生亦有命, 。(鲍照《拟行路难》)四、语言运用(12分,每小题4分)20.提取下面文字的内容要点,概括为一句话新闻。 (不超过14个字)(4分)日前,美国《哈佛商业评论》原执行主编尼古拉斯卡尔在接受媒体采访中指出:“我们的思维控制能力和自主思考能力正在被互联网摧毁。”卡尔这番话随即在美国引发一场“互联网是否改变了我们的思维?”的探讨,109位哲学、神经生物学家和其他领域的学者为此争论不休。2011年,是个人电脑(PC)诞生30周年。而在这个本值得人类庆幸的时间点上,更多人却在担忧:在丢掉了报纸杂志,丢掉了传统生活方式之后,被网络“毒化”的人类恐怕正在丢掉头脑。 美国斯坦福大学医学系的阿布贾乌德在其新书《虚拟的你》中指出,网络营造的虚拟空间让人们沉迷其中。 对一些人来说,人们沉迷网购、社交网络和游戏的“网瘾”不亚于酗酒,已不是简单的追求娱乐。长此以往,人们容易沉醉在弄虚作假、自欺欺人当中,易形成“E型人格”。具有“E型人格”特征的人缺乏耐性,容易动怒,倾向于用简短词语和符号表达感受,变得幼稚化,极端情况下容易付诸暴力。21.我们学习古典诗歌,我们徜徉在诗歌长廊中,感受魏晋风骨,领略大唐气象……我们鉴赏诗歌,解读人品,体验真情。请以古代诗歌为内容仿照例句续写两个句子,与例句构成排比。(4分)例句:白居易在琵琶声的呜咽里,泪湿青衫,用真情感悟了迁谪的无奈;仿句⑴ ;仿句⑵ 。22.阅读下面关于新生代农民工(1980年后出生)和传统农民工(1980年前出生)受教育水平比较表,请就新生代农民工的突出特点和二者的共同问题各写出一条结论。(4分)受教育水平 比例%新生代农民工 传统农民工小学及以下 0.4 6.6初中 32.4 44.4高中 24.0 25.4中专(或职高) 17.8 11.2大专(或高职)及以上 25.3 12.5结论:(1)(2)_______________________________________________________________五、写作(60分)23.阅读下面的文字,根据要求作文。(60分)生活是一方沃土,你播下什么,你就收获什么:播下一种心态,收获一种思想;播下一种思想,收获一种行动;播下一种行动,收获一种习惯;播下一种习惯,收获一种命运。请以“播种与收获”为话题,写一篇作文。要求:自定立意,自选文体,自拟题目,不少于800字。高三语文参考答案1.B(A.望风披靡mǐ C.漩xuán D.顷qǐng)2.A(B象—相。C礅—墩 D议—益)5.B(A孔尚任——马致远;C雨果应是“浪漫主义”作家。D“现实主义”应是“浪漫主义”)6.B(“争相去脱离”的说法不符合原文的意思。原文讲“脱离现实、解构现实成为一些文艺作品的‘习惯表达’”,“有愈演愈烈之势”,而并不是“争相去脱离“。)7.A(主张唯美的人,把现实与之对立。原文认为现实主义创作也要美,但不是唯美。)8.D(从全文看,作者并不排斥其他流派的文艺家。)9.CE(A无中生有。B不是“运用了谐音修辞”,也不是“神往”,而是受到鼓舞,精神旺盛。D不是“对比”,而是“衬托”。选对一个得2分,选对两个得满分,共5分)10.不仅说明吴冠中一生乡音未改,而且借此从侧面烘托出他的执着精神,这种执着表现在敢于说话、不看人脸色行事的耿介而强硬。(意识对即可,共3分)13.D讲:筹谋,考虑14.D 在/对于 A代词,他 B连词,来C连词,表转折15.B“通知”一词,应理解为“完全了解”16.守一城/ 捍天下/ 以千百就尽之卒/ 战百万日滋之师/ 蔽遮江淮/ 沮遏其势/ 天下之不亡/ 其谁之功也(错1处扣1分,扣完为止)17.①最终和张巡一起守城而死,成就了功名,城破后被俘,不过和张巡死的时间有先后的不同罢了。(3分,“竟”1分,“异”1分,被动句1分)②即使最笨的人也不愿这样做,唉!难道说像许远如此贤明的人会这样做吗?(3分,“虽”1分,“至”1分,“之”1分,反问句式1分)③多次取道两州之间,亲自在那叫做双庙的地方祭祀张巡和许远。(3分,“道”、“所谓”、介宾短语后置各1分)18.①古人认为“人生在世,虚浮无定”,像飘飞的蓬草。这首词的作者孑然一身,作孤蓬万里之游,有一种伤别之情和身世之悲。。(3分)②这一句运用了融情于景(即景抒情),虚实结合的表现手法;本诗表达了作者的离愁别恨,浪迹天涯的孤独。(5分)20.示例:专家(1 分)称沉迷网络会改变性格,或称沉迷网络会改变人格。(3分)21.答案示例:⑴苏轼在赤鼻矶头的浪涛前,慷慨高歌,用豪放解读了如梦的人生;⑵李清照在凄楚孤苦的守望中,把盏啜饮,用闲愁涂满了生命的黄昏。(4分)22.(1)新生代农民工较之传统农民工,受教育时间普遍较长。(或“受教育水平普遍较高”。)(意思符合即可。)(2分)(2)无论是新生态农民工还是传统农民工,接受专业教育(或“职业教育”)的比例都相对较低。(意思符合即可。)(2分)23.作文(参考高考作文评分标准)(60分)附文言文参考译文:元和二年四月十三日晚上,我和吴郡张籍翻阅家中的旧书,发现了李翰所写的《张巡传》。李翰因文章而自负,写这篇传记十分详密。但遗憾的是还有缺陷:没有为许远立传,又没有记载雷万春事迹的始末。 许远虽然才能似乎比不上张巡,打开城门迎接张巡,地位本在张巡之上。他把指挥权交给张巡,甘居于其下,毫无猜疑妒忌,最终和张巡一起守城而死,成就了功名,城破后被俘,不过和张巡死的时间有先后的不同罢了。张、许两家的子弟才智低下,不能了解其父辈的志向,认为张巡战死而许远被俘,怀疑许远是怕死而投降了叛军。如果许远真的怕死,何苦守住这尺寸大小的地盘,以他所爱之人的肉充饥,来和叛军对垒而不投降呢?当他在包围中守城时,外面没有一点哪怕极为微弱的援助,所要效忠的,就是国家和皇上,而叛军会拿国家和皇上已被消灭的情况告诉他。许远见救兵不来,而叛军越来越多,一定会相信他们的话;外面毫无希望却仍然死守,军民相食,人越来越少,即使是傻瓜也会计算日期而知道自己的死所了。许远不怕死也可以清楚了!哪有城破而自己的部下都已战死,他却偏偏蒙受耻辱苟且偷生?即使再笨的人也不愿这样做,唉!难道说像许远如此贤明的人会这样做吗? 议论的人又认为许远和张巡分守城门,城陷落是从许远分守的西南方开始的。拿这个理由来诽谤许远,这又和小孩的见识没有两样。人将要死的时候,他的内脏必定有一个先受到侵害的地方;扯紧绳子,把它拉断,绳断必定有一个先裂的地方。有人看到这种情况,就来责怪这个先受侵害和先裂的地步,他也太不通达事理了!小人喜欢议论,不愿成人之美,竟到了这样的地方!像张巡、许远所造成的功业,如此杰出,尚且躲不掉小人的诽谤,其他人还有什么可说呢!当张、许二位刚守城的时候,哪能知道别人终不相救,从而预先弃城逃走呢?如果睢阳城守不住,即使逃到其他地方又有什么用处?等到没有救兵而且走投无路的时候,率领着那些受伤残废、饥饿瘦弱的残兵,即使想逃走,也一定无法到达要去的地方。张、许二位的功绩,他们已经考虑得很周到了!守住孤城,捍卫天下,仅凭千百个濒临灭亡的士兵,来对付近百万天天增加的敌军,保护着江淮地区,挡住了叛军的攻势,天下能够不亡,这是谁的功劳啊!在那个时候,丢掉城池而只想保全性命的人,不在少数;拥有强兵却安坐观望的人,一个接着一个。不追究讨论这些,却拿死守睢阳来责备张、许二位,也可见这些人把自己放在与逆乱者同类的地位,捏造谎言来帮他们一起攻击有功之人了。我曾经在汴州、徐州任职,多次经过两州之间,亲自在那叫做双庙的地方祭祀张巡和许远。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 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