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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题解读读后续写写作思路和技巧
学习目标：
1.了解读后续写的思路和技巧；
把握情节发展方向，提高措辞水平，让文章具有可读性；
学习过程：
提升读后续写的写作思路和水平的技巧
故事要围绕主要人物展开。
详细刻画人物角色及其情感。
高分标准上
有效使用连接成分,结构紧凑。
运用丰富的词汇、语法结构和修辞使描写生动。
第一段和第二段的内客衔接自然,逻辑合理通顺。
续写内容与所给短文融洽度高,语言风格保持一致,思想积极上
环境描写
肖像描写
增加加节
动作描写
语言描写
心理描写
高分手段
营造冲突
人物和人物之间的冲突
人物与环境的冲突
读后续写
非谓语动词/with
复合结构/双形容词
升格语言
无灵主语
虛拟语气
倒装句/强调句/定从
What和
It句型
常用修辞（比喻，拟人，排比，夸张等）
Step1浏览所给信息,确定大意主题一落点
Step2梳理已知段落,确定主要情节一重点
写作步骤
Step3借助段落开头,确定续写内容一
Step4刻画细节冲突,优美连表达一亮点
Step5做到首尾呼应,结构完整合理一基本点
情节设计要符合生活实际和文章逻辑,避免太过离奇。
突破点
两个雷区
叙述力求精炼、生动、连贯、对话不要太多、书面化的长句不宜太多。
具体应试技巧
1）理清人物事件及脉络要点
要抓住一篇记叙文的脉络要点，通常可从记叙文六要素着手，即：时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过、结果，也就是when，where，who，what，why，how。这样可以了解故事的梗概，对文本的脉络走向有个基本定位。通常情况下，前面4个要素已经浮出水面，事情正处于发展中，悬念已经浮现。学生需要找出阅读文本中的悬念，并根据悬念发挥合理想象，顺应原文的情节发展进行预测，解开悬念，创作一个意料之外又情理之中的结局。
2）保持与原文在语言风格上的一致性
分析原文语言表达方面的显著特征，观察有无直接引语、各类从句、特殊句型、非谓语动词等。通过模仿和创造，尽量提高与原文的协同，力求在各个语言层次（关键词、短语和句型等）的表达风格上和原文保持一致。在续写时要注意词汇的不同时态搭配、用词的新颖和变换及语气的强弱，避免过于口语化的词汇。
3）增强语法结构和词汇的丰富性
英语语法在读后续写中有着非常重要的作用。丰富准确的结构、句式对于读后续写起着重要的保障。学生可以整理提炼读后续写常用的语法结构，如分词做壮语，独立主格，倒装句，强调句型，which引导的非限制性定语从句，虚拟语气等，在平时写作中要有意识地加以应用，使得句式更丰富。
由于读后续写中大量涉及动作，尤其是肢体动作、情感及环境风景等的描写，平时要注意积累这方面的词汇和表达。例如哭这个动作，tears
well
up
in
one’s
eyes，burst
into
tears都比cry形象生动得多。此外，阅读一些名著的简写本或当代小说，摘录其中的相关句子加以背诵或者背诵一些美文佳句，运用在续写中，可以起到画龙点睛的作用（之后会分不同专题详细讲解）。
注意剧情正能量结局，剧情曲折性。
动笔之前头脑风暴出核心词（以名词、动词、形容词、副词等内容词为主）即可，无需完整句子。续写第一段的内容设计既要考虑与上文的融洽衔接，同时也要考虑本段和最后一段开头语的呼应和衔接，而后者是容易忽视的部分。简言之，第一段的内容设计要成功搭建本段与前文、后文的桥梁。
要先写初稿再修改和调整措辞。
结合真题总结“三冲突、四途径”
读后续写的续写内容从命题角度来看都会围绕“Conflict
&
Solution”展开。结合历年高考真题考查的题材来看，题材主要关于：迷路系列、脱险系列、争吵系列。
解决方案基本是以下途径：
1.encouragement(某人的鼓励的话）
2.comfort（某人的安慰）
3.inspiration(突然灵机一动）
4.effort(自己的努力训练）
5.calm（冷静思考）
6.kindness(某人的善良）
7.courage（勇敢做起来）
8.love（爱心，不过这个需要和move，patience结合，爱只是底子，还需要感化和耐心等待）
9.help（准确说是及时帮助）
解决方案（solution）可能是以上多种组合，譬如先平静下来（calm），然后有了勇气（courage），最后有了动力（inspiration）。
比如某一年的熊口脱险：先calm下来，然后灵机一动想出办法，最后救援人员及时赶到；山东卷的思路：先互相鼓励，然后冷静思考，灵机一动，最后努力行动，最终用爱心感动对方。
至于这个灵感（inspiration）到底指什么？以下是详细说明。
小说中的冲突远远不止以上这些，然后高考选材又限制为积极正能量，还要基于现有中学生的表达水平，话题不能过于专业化等，因此看似话题很广，但其实细细分类，还是有迹可循的。这就为我们平时备考提供了线索。各个冲突并非孤立的，而是相互交织，解决方法也是如此：
Conflict
and
Emotion：三冲突
Danger系列
和危险的动物
害怕、紧张：scared,
?
nervous
和危险的环境
和危险的人
Quarrel系列
误解
失望、伤心、后悔、生气、困惑、害羞和尴尬：disappointed,
sad,
shy,embarrassed,
regret,
angry,
confused
背叛
观念、性格、兴趣不一
伤害（自尊、信任等）
Frustration系列
第一类：贫困、残疾、孤独（poor,
disabled,
loneliness）等
同情和伤心：sympathetic,
?sad
第二类：失败、骄傲或自卑（failure,
not
confident
/
too
proud）等
Solution
and
Emotion：四途径
他人
譬如：善心和爱（love,
kindness）及时援助，安慰和鼓励，陪伴等
情节中：1.镇定（calm）2.鼓舞（encouraged）3.不悦（dissatisfied）结尾：1.
??欣慰、欢喜（relieved,
happy）2.
??感动、感恩（moved,
grateful）3.
??希望、信心（hopeful,
confident）
他物
譬如：河流，太阳等
自己
譬如：effort,
inspiration
自然
突出和谐，时间与成长
这样划分后，我们就比较方便去针对性进行训练。下面且以高考真题为例进行说明：
卷别
?
?
?
?
?
?
Conflict
Solution
2020.7
拍摄北极熊遇险（浙江）
借助他物和他人：用辣椒喷雾器（文章有提示）暂退熊，然后救援队及时援助情绪变化：害怕熊到暂时镇定，到脱险后的欢喜
卖爆米花方法救助穷人（山东）
借助他物和他人：一家决定和被救助孩子卖爆米花，路人纷纷购买情绪变化：开始的同情到最后的开心与感恩
2020.1
大学生和宠物狗的离别
借助他物：父母买来小狗，孩子回家后，看到两只狗彼此陪伴和陪伴父母，明白道理情绪变化：难过到欣慰
2018.6
父子骑马迷路
借助他人他物：先父亲安慰我，然后我们看到小河后寻路回家情绪变化：害怕到镇定，最后到开心
2017.11
家庭旅游为野营争执
借助他物：用自己带的帐篷来野营露宿情绪变化：不解困惑到最后开心
2017.6
骑车游玩遇狼脱险
借助他人他物：用辣椒喷雾器（文章有提示）暂退狼，然后路人甲及时援助情绪变化：害怕到喜出望外，到害怕，最后开心
2016.10
夫妇森林旅游争执，女主人迷路
借助他人他物：想起丈夫曾经的爱后悔，找到一个地方先睡下，第二天跟着河水来到空地，救援队及时赶到情绪变化：害怕??—后悔—开心
结合真题进行方法指导
读后续写快速理清思路的三步法：5R解读故事；4句定框架和3大原则（即：五四三法）
读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两端，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mike
licked
the
last
of
the
mint
chocolate
chip?ice
cream.
It
was
almost
time
to
leave.
He
jumped
into
the
car
with
his?parents?and
headed
off
to
the
Olympic-sized?pool?for
the
big
swim
meet.
When
his?race?came
up,
Mike
was
confident.
He
was
strong
and
swift.
Mike
climbed
out
the
pool,
smiling.
He
had
just?won?first
place,
making
him
the
fastest
boy
in
his
age
group.
"Congratulations,
son,"
his
father
said.
His
mom
gave
him
a
hug,
even
though
he
was
soaking
wet.
A
week
later,
it
was
time
for
another
swim
meet.
Like
before,
Mike
decided
to
enjoy
his
favorite
ice
cream
flavor.
Mike
remembered
that
the
last
time
he
had
won
a
race,
he
also
ate
mint
chocolate
chip
ice
cream
first.
Maybe
he'd
win
again.
He’s
taken?first
place?again
in
his
race.
Mike
was
feeling
pretty
good.
As
it
turned
out,
Mike
decided
to
have
some
mint
chocolate
chip
Ice
cream
before
every
one
of
the
next
few
swim
meets.
He
began
to
think
of
it
as
his?lucky
charm.
After
several
months
of
placing
in
the
top
positions
of
every
race
he
swam,
Mike
was
feeling
unbeatable.
And
he
wouldn’t
admit
it,
but
all
that
ice
cream
was
adding
a
few
pounds
to
his
athletic
swimmer's
build.
It
didn’t
take
long
after
that
for
Mike
to
start
coming
in
second
place-and
then
third-and
then
last
place
in
his
races.
The
lucky
mint
chocolate
chip
ice
cream
had
lost
its?magic.
On
the
day
of
his
next
swim
meet,
his
mother
sat
down
at
the
table
with
him.
“Mike,
we
all
love
ice
cream,
but
it's
not?healthy?for
your
body
to
eat
so
much
of
it.
Maybe
it's
time
to
quit
the
sweet
treats
for
a
while,
especially
before
you
go
swimming.
Mike
unwillingly
agreed.
He
went
to
the
swim
meet,
and
didn’t?perform?well.
His
father
offered
to
go
running
with
him
a
few
days
a
week
to
help
him
feel
better
and
strengthen
his
muscles.
The
extra
weight
soon
disappeared,
and
Mike
found
himself
breathing
easier
at
swim
practices.
It?was?the?last?meet?of?the?season,?and?Mike?wasn’t?sure?what?to?expect.
He?felt?healthy
again,
but?he?didn’t
?know?if?he?still?had?any?speed?in?the?pool.
注意:
1.?所续写短文的字数应为150左右；
至少使用五个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语
Paragraph??1
:
As?he?drove?into?the?water,
he?kicked?his?legs?and?stretched?his?arms?as?far?as?he?could.
Paragraph?2
:
His?jaw?dropped?as?he?realized?he?had?beaten?his?own?best?time?,and?everyone?else?too.
速写方法
第一步：Analyze
the
story：5Rs
1.
Read
for
characters:
2.
Read
for
conflict
/
problems：
3.
Read
for
plot:
4.
Read
for
emotional
changes:
5.
Read
for
theme
第二步：四句定框架
Step
1:?先把最后一句写好，即：主题句
Step
2:?再把衔接句写好，即第一段的最后一句：
Step
3:?紧接着每段的提示语句写角色的情感：
第三步：补充完整每段的中间部分
记住三大原则：
1.Action—Response原则：角色A的所言、所行、所感、所想会引起其它角色的一系列反应的。每段对话1-2句，不一定两个人都要说话，无声的动作也是一种response。
2.Conflict—Solution原则：一般而言第二段会有问题的solution，但本文和高考的读后续写文章出题不一样，因为solution在所给文章中就已经有了。同时思考：能否在第一段出现一个问题，然后把它解决了或者没有解决。一方面是增加看点，另一方面也是给第二段铺垫。
3.Negative—Positive原则：写作中一定要体现情感的变化，无论前面是这样的变化，最终都是积极的。?
最终成文：
?As
he
dove
into
the
water,
he
kicked
his
legs
and
stretched
his
arms
as
far
as
he
could.?1.
It
struck
endless
energy
and
motivation
into
his
body.?（心情）
2.“This
is
where
I
belong.
I
can?win?the?race,”
thought
he,
his
teeth
clenched
and
his
eyes
fixed
on
the
finish
line
forward.?（内心独白）
3.Suddenly,
two
figures?whizzed?past,
which
startled
him.?（心情变化））
4.
Fearing
to
fall
behind,
he
felt
his
heart
pounded
frantically
and
his
mind
went
blank.?（解释心情变化和问题）
5.
Just
then,
he
thought
of
his
sweat
and
his
father’s
encouraging
smile.?（问题的解决方法）
6.
Gradually,
his
worry
gave
way
to
his
confidence
and
the
last
5
minutes
saw
him
dash
to
the
finish
line,
followed
by
the
end
of
the
race.?（衔接句）?
Mike’s
jaw
dropped
as
he
realized
he
had
beaten
his
own
best
time,
and
everyone
else’s
too.?
The
flowers
in
his
heart
were
already
in
bloom.?（心情变化）
8.
However,
he
knew
he
deserved
the
honor
of
championship.?（拓展）
9.?His
parents?came
up
and
gave
him
a
high
five,
grinning
from
ear
to
ear.?（次要角色的回应）
10.
“Hey,
why
not
try
your
favorite
ice
cream
and
celebrate!”
said
his
father,
patting
his
on
the
shoulder.?（对话1）
11.
“Thanks,
Dad,
but
I
have
given
up
the?ice
cream.
It’s
not
such
a?lucky
charm?at
all.”
His
eyes
shone
with
wisdom.（对话2）
12.
It
was
that
day
that
Mike
realized
that
one’s
lucky
charm
was
nothing
but
his
diligence.（照应开头的主旨句）
措辞提升方法
1）无灵主语
主语是情感状态的抽象名词
谓语选择如：creep（蔓延，爬行）,
strike,
seize,
dawn（出现）,
catch,
worm
into,
grip,
enter,
overcome,
take
possession
of,
surround,
give
way
to,
desert,
pass,
tear?等动词。
例句：
1.我气的说不出话。Anger
choked
my
words.??
2.我惊讶得说不出话来。?
Astonishment
deprived
me
of
my
power
of
speech.
3.他突然感到不寒而栗。?A
chill
of
horror
suddenly
swept
over
him.
修辞手法?
修辞1：比喻
比喻是最常见的修辞手法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，从而更生动、更深刻地说明道理，增强语言的表现力。比喻分为明喻和和暗喻。
明喻
直接表明本体和喻体的相似之处，常用的明喻标志词有
like,
as,
seem,
as...as,
as
if,
as
though,
similar
to等。
基本格式是：本体+比喻词+喻体。例如：The
USA
is
like
a
big
melting
pot
where
immigrants
of
different
cultures
or
races
form
an
integrated
society.
The
USA是本体，喻体是melting
pot,
比喻词是like,
喻体和本体的相似之处都是拥有“包容”的特点。
句型赏析
Love
is
like
the
wind,
you
can't
see
it
but
you
can
feel
it.（情感描写）
爱如风，你看不见，但你能感受到它。
The
house
looks
something
like
a
castle.
（景物描写）
那房子看上去有点像一座城堡。(something
like...有点像…)
Kyle
looked
at
the
test
with
a
stare
as
blank
as
his
notebook.（情景描写）
Kyle茫然地看着试卷，头脑如同笔记本一样的空白。
As
in
depths
of
many
seas,
my
heart
was
drowned
in
memories.（情绪描写）
如同在大海深处，我的心里沉溺于回忆之中。
He
moved
like
lightening
before
the
police
came.
（动作描写）
还没等警察到来，他像闪电一样地跑了。
The
country,
covered
with
cherry
tree
flowers,
looks
as
though
it
is
covered
with
pink
snow.（情景描写）
这个国家，覆盖着樱花，看起来好像被粉红色的雪覆盖着。
I
couldn't
move
my
legs.
It
was
as
if
they
were
stuck
to
the
floor.
（动作描写）
我的腿动不了，就好像给固定在地板上似的。
练一练
这本书陪伴了我很久就像一位我的老朋友似的。
我伸手去摸她的脸，发现她的脸像冰一样冰冷。
他感觉彷佛整个世界都崩塌了。
这辆公交车走的像蜗牛一样慢。
我感觉自己像漂浮在悲伤的海洋中.
暗喻
也叫隐喻，本体喻体都出现，中间常用喻词“是”等连接，有时不用喻词。暗喻的典型形式为：甲是乙，而不用like,
as等喻词。例如Money
sometimes
is
a
poison.
钱有时候是一种毒药。
句型赏析
?Her
hair
was
a
flowing
golden
river
streaming
down
her
shoulders.?（肖像描写）
她的头发像是一条流淌在她肩上的金色河流。
Life
is
an
unexplored
river.
full
of
twists
and
turns.(哲理)
生活就像一条未被涉足的河流，有各种曲折。
I
felt
a
lump
in
my
throat,
tearing
welling
up
in
my
eyes.（情感描写）
我如鲠在喉，泪水湿润了眼眶。
A
heavy
silence
blanketed
the
room.（环境描写）
整个房子沉浸在一片寂寞中。
The
old
man's
face
is
a
map
of
time.(哲理)
老人的脸是岁月的写照。
练一练
找出下面句子里面的修辞
My
very
thought
was
like
the
ghostly
rustle
of
dead
leaves.
He
looked
as
if
he
had
just
stepped
out
of
my
book
of
fairy
tales.
Wind
and
rain
now
whipped（鞭打）
the
house.
My
mother
is
like
a
coat
in
winter,
offering
warmth
to
me.
The
wind
sounded
like
a
roar
of
a
train
passing
by.
Household
and
medical
suplies
streamed
in
by
plane,
train,
truck
and
car.
修辞2：夸张
运用丰富的想象，过激的言词，渲染和装饰客观事物，以达到强调的效果。
使用数词或量词
1.
My
heart
broke
in
about
a
million
pieces.（情感描写）
我的心成了碎片。
2.
She
was
half
dead
with
fear.（情感描写）
她吓得半死。
3.
The
backpack
weighs
a
ton.（情景描写）
背包很重。
使用动词
1.
The
young
girl
brought
the
house
down
with
her
performance.（情景描写）
这位年轻姑娘的表演博得了满堂喝彩。
2.
It
made
me
jump
out
of
my
skin.
（情感描写）
吓得我魂不附体。
3.I
almost
laughed
my
head
off.（情感描写）
我都快笑死了。
4.
My
blood
froze.（情感描写）
我的血液都凝固了。
5.
She
cried
her
eyes
out.
（情感描写）
她痛哭涕流。
6.
It
brought
her
heart
into
her
mouth.（情感描写）
让她的心悬到了嗓子眼。
7.
My
heart
sank
when
he
left.（情感描写）当他离开时我心都碎了。
使用形容词和副词
在日常对话中，人们常用形容词或者副词去修饰微不足道的事情，目的就是为了渲染一种气氛，强调某种意义的事情。
如副词：extremely；awfully；terribly；perfectly；horribly等等
形容词：miserable;
horrible;
splendid等等
例如：
It's
beautiful,
heavenly
beautiful.(景物描写)
那儿很漂亮，就像天堂那般漂亮。
使用介词短语
1.
She
went
home
in
a
flood
of
tears.（情感描写）
她泪如泉涌地回家去了。
2.
When
they
told
the
news,
I
was
over
the
moon/
on
the
top
of
the
world.（情感描写）
当他们告诉我这个消息时，我乐不可支。
3.
He
was
bent
out
of
shape（情感描写）
他非常生气（气到变形）
修辞3：拟人
把无生命的事物当作有生命的事物来描写，赋予无生命之物以感情和动作或是把动物人格化，使语言生动，形象，更有感染力。
Part
1：把自然现象当作人来描写
1.
The
wind
stood
up
and
gave
a
shout
.
(景物描写)
大风凛冽，发出怒吼。
2.
The
breeze
gently
kissed
her
cheeks.
(景物描写)
微风轻柔地亲吻着她的脸庞。
3.
The
feathery
snowflakes
danced
in
the
night
air,
making
a
beautiful
picture.(景物描写)
鹅毛般的雪花在空中飞舞，像一幅美丽的图画。
4.The
mist
swallowed
him
up.
(景物描写)
薄雾把他包围起来。
5.The
icy
wind
started
howling,
stinging
my
face.(景物描写)
寒风开始咆哮，刺痛了我的脸。
6.
Stars
winked
at
me
in
a
darkening
sky.(景物描写)
夜空中星星向我眨眼睛。
7.
Immediately,
an
absolute
darkness
ruled
the
forest.(景物描写)
顷刻间，黑暗统治了森林。
Part
2：把含蓄抽象的概念当作人来描写
1.
Fear
seized/swallowed
him.（情感描写）
恐惧把他吞噬了。
2.
Anger
choked
my
words.（情感描写）
我气得说不出话来。
3.
A
good
idea
suddenly
struck
me.
（情景描写）
我突然想到一个好主意。
4.
Smile
took
hold
of
him.（情感描写）
他笑容满面。
5.
Anxiety
torn
him
into
pieces.（情感描写）
她焦虑不安，十分崩溃。
6.
Courage/Confidence
deserted
him.（情感描写）
他没信心了。
7.
Excitement
deprived
me
of
all
power
of
speech.（情感描写）
我兴奋的啥也说不出来了。
Part
3：把动物当作人来描写
1.
In
the
dead
of
night,
the
crickets（蟋蟀）played
on
the
terrace
of
the
house.(景物描写)
寂静的夜，蟋蟀旁若无人地在房子的阳台上玩。
2.
Birds
on
the
tree
are
singing
a
beatiful
song.(景物描写)
树上的小鸟在树上唱着美妙的歌曲。
3.
The
frogs
are
giving
a
concert---mixed
chorus.(景物描写)
青蛙在举办音乐会---混声大合唱。
4.Fireflies
patrol
the
grass
with
small
lanterns
(景物描写)
萤火虫提着小灯笼在草丛中巡逻。
1.
夏天的微风轻轻地抚摸着我的脸。
2.
细雨轻轻地亲吻着我的脸颊。
3.
我能听到到处都是鸟儿在歌唱。
4.
这个教堂目睹了这个城市20年的变化。
修辞4：排比
也称平行,
是把结构相同或相似、意思密切相关、语气一致的词语或句子成串地排列的一种修辞方法，利用意义相关或相近，结构相同或相似和语气相同的词组(主、谓、动、宾)或句子并排(三句或三句以上),段落并排(两段即可),
达到一种加强语势的效果。
句型赏析
Mother
was
very
busy
gathering
the
laundry,
dusting
the
furniture
and
washing
the
dishes.（动作描写）
母亲正忙着收拾要洗的衣服,
掸去家具上的灰尘,
洗碗。
Whether
in
class,
at
work,
or
at
home,
James
was
always
busy.（情景描写）
无论是在课堂上,
在工作中,
还是在家里,
詹姆斯总是很忙。
Don’t
make
promise
when
you
are
in
joy.
Don’t
reply
when
you
are
sad.
Don’t
take
decision
whenyou
are
angry.
Think
twice
and
act
wise.（哲理）
别在喜悦的时候许下承诺;别悲伤的时候做出回答;别在愤怒的时候作出决定。三思而行，做出睿智的行为。
Pain?makes?you
stronger,
tears?make?you
braver,
heartbreak?makes?you
wiser,
so
thank
the
past
for
a
better
future.（哲理）
痛苦,
会让你更强大;
眼泪,
会让你更勇敢;
心碎,
会让你更睿智，所以为了更好的未来感谢过去吧。
This
is?not
only?just
what
I
wanted,?but
also?just
what
I
needed.
这不仅是我想要的，也是我需要的。
练一练
找出下面句子里面的修辞
The
wind
whispers
in
the
tree.
The
noise
was
loud
enough
to
wake
the
dead.
His
speech
brought
the
house
down.
The
old
Venice
fell
asleep
again.
The
sun
broke
through
the
clouds
and
jumped
out
of
the
sea.
The
birds
danced
happily
on
the
branch.
She
eats
like
a
bird.
The
loud
music
almost
drove
me
up
a
wall.
The
night
gently
lays
her
hand
at
our
fevered
heads.
The
volcano
spit
out
lava
from
its
mouth.
.
He
is
dying
for
this
opportunity.
提分的语法句型
with/without的复合结构
with
+
n.
李华，男，18岁，有高学历和丰富的志愿者经验。
简单句：Li
Hua
is
a
eighteen-year-old
boy.
He
has
a
very
high
academic
qualification.
He
has
rich
experience
as
a
volunteer.
修炼精句：_________________________________________________________
Tom帮助了我们，我们就提前完成了任务。
简单句：Tom
helped
us.
So
we
completed
the
task
ahead
of
time.
修炼精句：_____________________________________________________________
with
+
n.
+
adj.
老师出去了，门开着。
简单句：Teachers
went
out.
The
door
was
open.
修炼精句：_____________________________________________________________
with
+
n.
+
介词短语
由于生产（产品）上升了60%
，这家公司又有了一个辉煌年。
简单句：Because
its
production
increased
by
60
%
,
the
company
has
had
another
excellent
year.
修炼精句：____________________________________________________________
with
+
n.
+
to
do
有两科要考试，好担心，这周末我要疯狂学习了。
简单句：I’m
worried
about
two
exams.I
have
to
work
really
hard
this
weekend.
修炼精句：___________________________________________________________
with
+
n.
+
done
这个伟大作家去世了。可惜的是，他的作品还未完成。
简单句：This
great
writer
passed
away.
It
was
a
pity
that
his
works
were
unfinished.
修炼精句：_____________________________________________________________
with
+
n.
+
doing
冬天来了，该买暖和的衣服了。
简单句：Winter
is
coming.
It?is?time?to?buy?warm?clothes.
修炼精句：_____________________________________________________________
非谓语
非谓语动词是高中的重要语法，运用它可以简化句子结构，使语言表达更加简洁和生动。
回顾非谓语的作用：主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语和状语。
例：In
order
to
get
some
working
experience,I
intend
to
take
up
a
part-time
job
in
a
foreign
company.
（to
do作宾语）
So
exciting
was
the
news
that
we
couldn't
help
jumping
up.
（doing作表语，前置用倒装）
I
think
the
boy
sitting
at
the
table
is
very
hard-working.
（doing作定语）
My
father
encourages
me
to
major
in
English
in
college.
（to
do作宾补）
并列句
我几乎每天都在学校遇见爱米丽，但从未与她交谈。
I
met
Emily
in
school
almost
every
day
and
yet
I
never
talked
to
her.
我从未有机会知道那个好心人的名字，但我永远会记得他出人意料的好意。
I
never
got
an
opportunity
to
know
that
kind
man’s
name,but
I
would
always
remember
his
unexpected
kindness.
医院工作人员太忙了，没时间照顾我，所以我打电话给朋友告诉他这次事故。
The
hospital
staff
was
too
busy
to
attend
to
me,
so
I
called
a
friend
to
tell
him
about
the
accident.
早餐后，我去帮蒂娜姨妈喂鸡，而我的爸爸和保罗叔叔一起去放羊吃草。(2018年6月浙江卷)
After
breakfast,
I
went
to
help
Aunt
Tina
feed
the
chickens,
while
my
dad
went
with
Uncle
Paul
to
take
the
sheep
out
to
graze
(吃草).
定语从句
饥饿的熊闻着味道来到我们的营地，营地被高高的铁丝网包围着。(2020年7月浙江卷)
The
hungry
bear
followed
his
nose
to
our
camp,
which
was
surrounded
by
a
high
wire
fence.
有一位男子生病在床，他的妻子照顾他，不能出去工作，还有他们的小孩子。(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
There
was
a
man
sick
in
bed,
his
wife,who
took
care
of
him
and
could
not
go
out
to
work,
and
their
little
boy.
他站起来，喊道：“我有一个好主意！我有一个我们都可以帮助完成的解决方案。”(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
He
sprang
to
his
feet
and
cried,
“I
have
a
great
idea!
I
havea
solution
that
we
can
all
help
accomplish
(完成).
”
他们开车把儿子送到离城里好几个小时车程的大学,他不久将要在那儿生活和学习。(2020年1月浙江卷)
They
had
driven
their
son
several
hours
out
of
town
to
the
university
where
he
would
soon
be
living
and
studying.
状语从句
当他们靠近时，他们意识到那只狗是一头狼。(2017年6月浙江卷)
(时间状语从句)
As
they
got
closer,
they
realized
that
the
dog
was
a
wolf.
由于经济衰退，该镇有些人失业了。(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
(原因状语从句)
As
the
economy
was
in
decline,
some
people
in
the
town
had
lost
their
jobs.
高中毕业后，詹妮弗上了当地一所技术学院，靠打工来支付学费，因为没有多余的钱用于大学教育。(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
(原因状语从句)
After
high
school,
Jennifer
attended
a
local
technical
college,
working
to
pay
her
tuition
(学费),
because
there
was
no
extra
money
set
aside
for
a
college
education.
我问保罗叔叔我能不能骑马,
他说可以,
只要我爸爸和我一起去。(2018年6月浙江卷)
(条件状语从句)
I
asked
Uncle
Paul
if
I
could
take
a
horse
ride,
and
he
said
yes,
as
long
as
my
dad
went
with
me.
“晚饭不要迟到,
顺着道儿走,
这样你们就不会迷路！”
保罗叔叔喊道。(2018年6月浙江卷)
(目的状语从句)
“Don't
be
late
for
supper,
and
keep
to
the
track
so
that
you
don't
get
lost!”
Uncle
Paul
cried.
当他们到达湖边时，简非常生气，她对汤姆说:
“我要为我们找到一个更好的露营地”,
然后就走了。(2016年10月浙江卷)
(时间状语从句+结果状语从句)
By
the
time
they
reached
the
lake,
Jane
was
so
angry
that
she
said
to
Tom,
“I'm
going
to
find
a
better
spot
for
us
to
camp”
and
walked
away.
当夜幕降临时，简累得不得不停下来过夜。(2016年10月浙江卷)
(时间状语从句+结果状语从句)
As
night
was
beginning
to
fall,
Jane
was
so
tired
that
she
had
to
stop
for
the
night.
尽管这是我生活中褪色的记忆之一,
但有时我会清晰地记得他的脸,
尤其是他的眼睛。(让步状语从句)
Though
it
is
one
of
the
faded
memories
of
my
life,
there
are
times
when
I
remember
his
face
clearly,especially
his
eyes.
虽然这次旅行大部分时间都很有趣,
但是现在我在那里感到非常孤独沮丧。(让步状语从句)
While
the
trip
had
been
fun
for
the
most
part,
now
that
I
was
there
I
was
feeling
very
isolated
and
depressed.
名词性从句
我开始与她交谈，惊讶地发现我们有很多共同之处。(宾语从句)
I
began
to
talk
with
her
and
was
surprised
to
find?that?we
had
much
in
common.
我想知道无论后果如何，父母是否应该始终说实话。(2020年全国Ⅰ卷)
(宾语从句)
I
wonder?if?parents
should
always
tell
the
truth
no
matter
the
consequences.
看起来天要下雪了。(表语从句)
It
seems?that/as
if?it
is
going
to
snow.
然而,
在餐桌上迎接我的是一个微波炉包装。(主语从句)
However,?what?greeted
me
at
the
table
was
a
microwave
package.
她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。(同位语从句)
The
thought
came
to
her?that?maybe
she
had
left
the
door
open
when
she
left
home.
倒装从句
她一生中从未尝过比这更好的味道。(2016年10月浙江卷)
Never
in
her
life
had
she
tasted
anything
better.
直到那时，我才意识到，尽管乔在做家务方面遇到了麻烦，但他还是懂得如何照顾我。
Only
then
did
I
realize
Joe
actually
understood
how
to
take
care
of
me
despite
his
trouble
with
the
housework.
曾经有一位出色的老人,
他热爱一切:
动物、蜘蛛、昆虫和各种各样的生物。
There
was
once
a
wonderful
old
man
who
loved
everything:
animals,
spiders,
insects
and
all
sorts
of
living
things.
我几乎没有意识到那天会发生一些异常的事情。
Little
did
I
realize
something
different
would
happen
that
day.
强调句
正是它眼睛上的黄色斑点让我意识到它的存在。
It
was
the
yellow
spots
on
its
eyes
that
made
me
realize
its
presence.
然后亚瑟意识到也许那一刻正是他可以解决他的问题。
Then
Arthur
realized
maybe
it
was
he
that
could
solve
his
problem
at
that
very
moment.
直到她到了医院才明白所发生的一切。
It
was
when
she
got
in
the
hospital
that
she
understood
everything
that
had
happened.
正是这些障碍和困难使我们变得强大，并为生活中的更大挑战做好准备。
It
is
these
obstacles
and
difficulties
that
make
us
strong
and
get
prepared
for
the
greater
challengesin
our
life.
帮助动物园管理员捉住小偷的不是勇气,
而是智慧。
It’s
not
the
courage
but
the
wisdom
that
helps
the
zoo
keeper
catch
the
thieves.
虚拟语气
营地管理者建议我用胡椒喷雾。(2020年7月浙江卷)
The
camp
manager
suggested
I
use
pepper
spray.
如果一个陌生的家庭出现在家门口,
妈妈会很高兴的。(2017年11月浙江卷)
If
a
strange
family
showed
up
on
her
front
doorsteps,
Mom
would
have
been
delighted.
要是她没有把手机忘在汤姆的包里就好了。(2016年10月浙江卷)
If
only
she
had
not
left
her
mobile
phone
in
that
bag
with
Tom.
“我希望我们能帮助他赚钱,
”克莱拉说。“他的家人遭受着巨大的痛苦。”
(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
“I
wish
we
could
help
him
to
earn
money,”said
Clara.
“His
family
is
suffering
so
much.
”
如果没有他的及时帮助，我肯定会误了飞机。
Without
his
timely
help,
I
would
have
certainly
missed
my
plane.
检测练习
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Arriving
in
Sydney
on
his
own
from
India,
my
husband
,?Rashid,
stayed
in
a
hotel
for
a
short
time
while
looking
for?a
house?for
me
and
our
children?as
we
would
go
there
when
he
made
everything
settled.
During
the
first
week
of
his
stay,
he
went
out
one?day?to
do
some
shopping.?He
almost
got
lost
in
those
unfamiliar
blocks.
When
he
came
back?in
the
late
afternoon,
he
discovered?that?his
suitcase?was
gone.
He
was
extremely
worried
as
the
suitcase
had
all
his
important
papers,
including
his
passport.?For
a
while,
he
was
overwhelmed
with
depression
with
no
one
to
turn
to.
?
He
reported
the
case
to
the
police
and
then
sat
there，lost
and
lonely
in
a
strange?city,
thinking
of?the
terrible
troubles?of
getting
all
the
paperwork
organized
again?from?a
distant
country?while
trying
to?settle
down?in
a
new
one.?
Late
in
the
evening,
the
phone
rang.
It
was?a?stranger.?He
was
trying
to
pronounce
my
husband’s
name
and
was
asking
him
a
lot
of
questions.
Then
he
said
they
had
found
a
pile
of
papers
in
their?trash
can（垃圾桶）that
had
been
left
out
on
the
footpath.?
My
husband
rushed
to
their
home
to
find?a
kind
family?holding
all?his?papers
and
documents.
Their
young
daughter
had
gone
to
the
trash
can
and
found
a
pile
of
unfamiliar
papers.
Her
parents
had
carefully
sorted
them
out,
although
they
had
found
mainly
foreign
addresses
on?most?of
the
documents.
At?last?they
had
seen
a
half-written
letter
in
the
pile
in
which
my
husband
had
given
his
new
telephone?number
to
a
friend.?My
husband
was
so
excited
about
the
return
of
the
suitcase.
Meanwhile,
the
kindness
of
this
family
made
him
feel
that
this
place
could
be
a
new
start,?a
new
home?for
a
brand
new
life.
注意：
1.
所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.
应使用5个以上短文标有下划线的关键词语；
3.
续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.
续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词。
Paragraph
1:
In
order
to
thank
this
family,…
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
A
few
weeks
later,
my
children
and
I
arrived?in
Sydney.
________________________________________________________________________
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题解读读后续写写作思路和技巧
学习目标：
1.了解读后续写的思路和技巧；
把握情节发展方向，提高措辞水平，让文章具有可读性；
学习过程：
提升读后续写的写作思路和水平的技巧
故事要围绕主要人物展开。
详细刻画人物角色及其情感。
高分标准上
有效使用连接成分,结构紧凑。
运用丰富的词汇、语法结构和修辞使描写生动。
第一段和第二段的内客衔接自然,逻辑合理通顺。
续写内容与所给短文融洽度高,语言风格保持一致,思想积极上
环境描写
肖像描写
增加加节
动作描写
语言描写
心理描写
高分手段
营造冲突
人物和人物之间的冲突
人物与环境的冲突
读后续写
非谓语动词/with
复合结构/双形容词
升格语言
无灵主语
虛拟语气
倒装句/强调句/定从
What和
It句型
常用修辞（比喻，拟人，排比，夸张等）
Step1浏览所给信息,确定大意主题一落点
Step2梳理已知段落,确定主要情节一重点
写作步骤
Step3借助段落开头,确定续写内容一
Step4刻画细节冲突,优美连表达一亮点
Step5做到首尾呼应,结构完整合理一基本点
情节设计要符合生活实际和文章逻辑,避免太过离奇。
突破点
两个雷区
叙述力求精炼、生动、连贯、对话不要太多、书面化的长句不宜太多。
具体应试技巧
1）理清人物事件及脉络要点
要抓住一篇记叙文的脉络要点，通常可从记叙文六要素着手，即：时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过、结果，也就是when，where，who，what，why，how。这样可以了解故事的梗概，对文本的脉络走向有个基本定位。通常情况下，前面4个要素已经浮出水面，事情正处于发展中，悬念已经浮现。学生需要找出阅读文本中的悬念，并根据悬念发挥合理想象，顺应原文的情节发展进行预测，解开悬念，创作一个意料之外又情理之中的结局。
2）保持与原文在语言风格上的一致性
分析原文语言表达方面的显著特征，观察有无直接引语、各类从句、特殊句型、非谓语动词等。通过模仿和创造，尽量提高与原文的协同，力求在各个语言层次（关键词、短语和句型等）的表达风格上和原文保持一致。在续写时要注意词汇的不同时态搭配、用词的新颖和变换及语气的强弱，避免过于口语化的词汇。
3）增强语法结构和词汇的丰富性
英语语法在读后续写中有着非常重要的作用。丰富准确的结构、句式对于读后续写起着重要的保障。学生可以整理提炼读后续写常用的语法结构，如分词做壮语，独立主格，倒装句，强调句型，which引导的非限制性定语从句，虚拟语气等，在平时写作中要有意识地加以应用，使得句式更丰富。
由于读后续写中大量涉及动作，尤其是肢体动作、情感及环境风景等的描写，平时要注意积累这方面的词汇和表达。例如哭这个动作，tears
well
up
in
one’s
eyes，burst
into
tears都比cry形象生动得多。此外，阅读一些名著的简写本或当代小说，摘录其中的相关句子加以背诵或者背诵一些美文佳句，运用在续写中，可以起到画龙点睛的作用（之后会分不同专题详细讲解）。
注意剧情正能量结局，剧情曲折性。
动笔之前头脑风暴出核心词（以名词、动词、形容词、副词等内容词为主）即可，无需完整句子。续写第一段的内容设计既要考虑与上文的融洽衔接，同时也要考虑本段和最后一段开头语的呼应和衔接，而后者是容易忽视的部分。简言之，第一段的内容设计要成功搭建本段与前文、后文的桥梁。
要先写初稿再修改和调整措辞。
结合真题总结“三冲突、四途径”
读后续写的续写内容从命题角度来看都会围绕“Conflict
&
Solution”展开。结合历年高考真题考查的题材来看，题材主要关于：迷路系列、脱险系列、争吵系列。
解决方案基本是以下途径：
1.encouragement(某人的鼓励的话）
2.comfort（某人的安慰）
3.inspiration(突然灵机一动）
4.effort(自己的努力训练）
5.calm（冷静思考）
6.kindness(某人的善良）
7.courage（勇敢做起来）
8.love（爱心，不过这个需要和move，patience结合，爱只是底子，还需要感化和耐心等待）
9.help（准确说是及时帮助）
解决方案（solution）可能是以上多种组合，譬如先平静下来（calm），然后有了勇气（courage），最后有了动力（inspiration）。
比如某一年的熊口脱险：先calm下来，然后灵机一动想出办法，最后救援人员及时赶到；山东卷的思路：先互相鼓励，然后冷静思考，灵机一动，最后努力行动，最终用爱心感动对方。
至于这个灵感（inspiration）到底指什么？以下是详细说明。
小说中的冲突远远不止以上这些，然后高考选材又限制为积极正能量，还要基于现有中学生的表达水平，话题不能过于专业化等，因此看似话题很广，但其实细细分类，还是有迹可循的。这就为我们平时备考提供了线索。各个冲突并非孤立的，而是相互交织，解决方法也是如此：
Conflict
and
Emotion：三冲突
Danger系列
和危险的动物
害怕、紧张：scared,
?
nervous
和危险的环境
和危险的人
Quarrel系列
误解
失望、伤心、后悔、生气、困惑、害羞和尴尬：disappointed,
sad,
shy,embarrassed,
regret,
angry,
confused
背叛
观念、性格、兴趣不一
伤害（自尊、信任等）
Frustration系列
第一类：贫困、残疾、孤独（poor,
disabled,
loneliness）等
同情和伤心：sympathetic,
?sad
第二类：失败、骄傲或自卑（failure,
not
confident
/
too
proud）等
Solution
and
Emotion：四途径
他人
譬如：善心和爱（love,
kindness）及时援助，安慰和鼓励，陪伴等
情节中：1.镇定（calm）2.鼓舞（encouraged）3.不悦（dissatisfied）结尾：1.
??欣慰、欢喜（relieved,
happy）2.
??感动、感恩（moved,
grateful）3.
??希望、信心（hopeful,
confident）
他物
譬如：河流，太阳等
自己
譬如：effort,
inspiration
自然
突出和谐，时间与成长
这样划分后，我们就比较方便去针对性进行训练。下面且以高考真题为例进行说明：
卷别
?
?
?
?
?
?
Conflict
Solution
2020.7
拍摄北极熊遇险（浙江）
借助他物和他人：用辣椒喷雾器（文章有提示）暂退熊，然后救援队及时援助情绪变化：害怕熊到暂时镇定，到脱险后的欢喜
卖爆米花方法救助穷人（山东）
借助他物和他人：一家决定和被救助孩子卖爆米花，路人纷纷购买情绪变化：开始的同情到最后的开心与感恩
2020.1
大学生和宠物狗的离别
借助他物：父母买来小狗，孩子回家后，看到两只狗彼此陪伴和陪伴父母，明白道理情绪变化：难过到欣慰
2018.6
父子骑马迷路
借助他人他物：先父亲安慰我，然后我们看到小河后寻路回家情绪变化：害怕到镇定，最后到开心
2017.11
家庭旅游为野营争执
借助他物：用自己带的帐篷来野营露宿情绪变化：不解困惑到最后开心
2017.6
骑车游玩遇狼脱险
借助他人他物：用辣椒喷雾器（文章有提示）暂退狼，然后路人甲及时援助情绪变化：害怕到喜出望外，到害怕，最后开心
2016.10
夫妇森林旅游争执，女主人迷路
借助他人他物：想起丈夫曾经的爱后悔，找到一个地方先睡下，第二天跟着河水来到空地，救援队及时赶到情绪变化：害怕??—后悔—开心
结合真题进行方法指导
读后续写快速理清思路的三步法：5R解读故事；4句定框架和3大原则（即：五四三法）
读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两端，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mike
licked
the
last
of
the
mint
chocolate
chip?ice
cream.
It
was
almost
time
to
leave.
He
jumped
into
the
car
with
his?parents?and
headed
off
to
the
Olympic-sized?pool?for
the
big
swim
meet.
When
his?race?came
up,
Mike
was
confident.
He
was
strong
and
swift.
Mike
climbed
out
the
pool,
smiling.
He
had
just?won?first
place,
making
him
the
fastest
boy
in
his
age
group.
"Congratulations,
son,"
his
father
said.
His
mom
gave
him
a
hug,
even
though
he
was
soaking
wet.
A
week
later,
it
was
time
for
another
swim
meet.
Like
before,
Mike
decided
to
enjoy
his
favorite
ice
cream
flavor.
Mike
remembered
that
the
last
time
he
had
won
a
race,
he
also
ate
mint
chocolate
chip
ice
cream
first.
Maybe
he'd
win
again.
He’s
taken?first
place?again
in
his
race.
Mike
was
feeling
pretty
good.
As
it
turned
out,
Mike
decided
to
have
some
mint
chocolate
chip
Ice
cream
before
every
one
of
the
next
few
swim
meets.
He
began
to
think
of
it
as
his?lucky
charm.
After
several
months
of
placing
in
the
top
positions
of
every
race
he
swam,
Mike
was
feeling
unbeatable.
And
he
wouldn’t
admit
it,
but
all
that
ice
cream
was
adding
a
few
pounds
to
his
athletic
swimmer's
build.
It
didn’t
take
long
after
that
for
Mike
to
start
coming
in
second
place-and
then
third-and
then
last
place
in
his
races.
The
lucky
mint
chocolate
chip
ice
cream
had
lost
its?magic.
On
the
day
of
his
next
swim
meet,
his
mother
sat
down
at
the
table
with
him.
“Mike,
we
all
love
ice
cream,
but
it's
not?healthy?for
your
body
to
eat
so
much
of
it.
Maybe
it's
time
to
quit
the
sweet
treats
for
a
while,
especially
before
you
go
swimming.
Mike
unwillingly
agreed.
He
went
to
the
swim
meet,
and
didn’t?perform?well.
His
father
offered
to
go
running
with
him
a
few
days
a
week
to
help
him
feel
better
and
strengthen
his
muscles.
The
extra
weight
soon
disappeared,
and
Mike
found
himself
breathing
easier
at
swim
practices.
It?was?the?last?meet?of?the?season,?and?Mike?wasn’t?sure?what?to?expect.
He?felt?healthy
again,
but?he?didn’t
?know?if?he?still?had?any?speed?in?the?pool.
注意:
1.?所续写短文的字数应为150左右；
至少使用五个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语
Paragraph??1
:
As?he?drove?into?the?water,
he?kicked?his?legs?and?stretched?his?arms?as?far?as?he?could.
Paragraph?2
:
His?jaw?dropped?as?he?realized?he?had?beaten?his?own?best?time?,and?everyone?else?too.
速写方法
第一步：Analyze
the
story：5Rs
1.
Read
for
characters:Mike,
his
parents,
teammates,
Ice
cream
2.
Read
for
conflict
/
problems：Ice
cream
and
Mike’s
performance:
Whether
is
it
a
Lucky
charm
3.
Read
for
plot:
4.
Read
for
emotional
changes:
When
his
race
came
up,
Mike
was?confident.
Mike
was?feeling
pretty
good.
After
several
months
of
placing
in
the
top
positions
of
every
race
he
swam,
Mike
was?feeling
unbeatable.
Mike?unwillingly?agreed.
5.
Read
for
theme
What
contributes
to
Mike’s
success
in
swimming?
第二步：四句定框架
Step
1:?先把最后一句写好，即：主题句
Mike
realized
that
one’s
lucky
charm
was
nothing
but
his
diligence.
Step
2:?再把衔接句写好，即第一段的最后一句：
He
dashed
to
the
finish
line.
Step
3:?紧接着每段的提示语句写角色的情感：
As
he
dove
into
the
water,
he
kicked
his
legs
and
stretched
his
arms
as
far
as
he
could.
It
struck
endless
energy
and
motivation
into
his
body.
Mike’s
jaw
dropped
as
he
realized
he
had
beaten
his
own
best
time,
and
everyone
else’s
too.
The
flowers
in
his
heart
were
already
in
bloom.
第三步：补充完整每段的中间部分
记住三大原则：
1.Action—Response原则：角色A的所言、所行、所感、所想会引起其它角色的一系列反应的。每段对话1-2句，不一定两个人都要说话，无声的动作也是一种response。
2.Conflict—Solution原则：一般而言第二段会有问题的solution，但本文和高考的读后续写文章出题不一样，因为solution在所给文章中就已经有了。同时思考：能否在第一段出现一个问题，然后把它解决了或者没有解决。一方面是增加看点，另一方面也是给第二段铺垫。
3.Negative—Positive原则：写作中一定要体现情感的变化，无论前面是这样的变化，最终都是积极的。?
最终成文：
?As
he
dove
into
the
water,
he
kicked
his
legs
and
stretched
his
arms
as
far
as
he
could.?1.
It
struck
endless
energy
and
motivation
into
his
body.?（心情）
2.“This
is
where
I
belong.
I
can?win?the?race,”
thought
he,
his
teeth
clenched
and
his
eyes
fixed
on
the
finish
line
forward.?（内心独白）
3.Suddenly,
two
figures?whizzed?past,
which
startled
him.?（心情变化））
4.
Fearing
to
fall
behind,
he
felt
his
heart
pounded
frantically
and
his
mind
went
blank.?（解释心情变化和问题）
5.
Just
then,
he
thought
of
his
sweat
and
his
father’s
encouraging
smile.?（问题的解决方法）
6.
Gradually,
his
worry
gave
way
to
his
confidence
and
the
last
5
minutes
saw
him
dash
to
the
finish
line,
followed
by
the
end
of
the
race.?（衔接句）?
Mike’s
jaw
dropped
as
he
realized
he
had
beaten
his
own
best
time,
and
everyone
else’s
too.?
The
flowers
in
his
heart
were
already
in
bloom.?（心情变化）
8.
However,
he
knew
he
deserved
the
honor
of
championship.?（拓展）
9.?His
parents?came
up
and
gave
him
a
high
five,
grinning
from
ear
to
ear.?（次要角色的回应）
10.
“Hey,
why
not
try
your
favorite
ice
cream
and
celebrate!”
said
his
father,
patting
his
on
the
shoulder.?（对话1）
11.
“Thanks,
Dad,
but
I
have
given
up
the?ice
cream.
It’s
not
such
a?lucky
charm?at
all.”
His
eyes
shone
with
wisdom.（对话2）
12.
It
was
that
day
that
Mike
realized
that
one’s
lucky
charm
was
nothing
but
his
diligence.（照应开头的主旨句）
措辞提升方法
1）无灵主语
主语是情感状态的抽象名词
谓语选择如：creep（蔓延，爬行）,
strike,
seize,
dawn（出现）,
catch,
worm
into,
grip,
enter,
overcome,
take
possession
of,
surround,
give
way
to,
desert,
pass,
tear?等动词。
例句：
1.我气的说不出话。Anger
choked
my
words.??
2.我惊讶得说不出话来。?
Astonishment
deprived
me
of
my
power
of
speech.
3.他突然感到不寒而栗。?A
chill
of
horror
suddenly
swept
over
him.
修辞手法?
修辞1：比喻
比喻是最常见的修辞手法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，从而更生动、更深刻地说明道理，增强语言的表现力。比喻分为明喻和和暗喻。
明喻
直接表明本体和喻体的相似之处，常用的明喻标志词有
like,
as,
seem,
as...as,
as
if,
as
though,
similar
to等。
基本格式是：本体+比喻词+喻体。例如：The
USA
is
like
a
big
melting
pot
where
immigrants
of
different
cultures
or
races
form
an
integrated
society.
The
USA是本体，喻体是melting
pot,
比喻词是like,
喻体和本体的相似之处都是拥有“包容”的特点。
句型赏析
Love
is
like
the
wind,
you
can't
see
it
but
you
can
feel
it.（情感描写）
爱如风，你看不见，但你能感受到它。
The
house
looks
something
like
a
castle.
（景物描写）
那房子看上去有点像一座城堡。(something
like...有点像…)
Kyle
looked
at
the
test
with
a
stare
as
blank
as
his
notebook.（情景描写）
Kyle茫然地看着试卷，头脑如同笔记本一样的空白。
As
in
depths
of
many
seas,
my
heart
was
drowned
in
memories.（情绪描写）
如同在大海深处，我的心里沉溺于回忆之中。
He
moved
like
lightening
before
the
police
came.
（动作描写）
还没等警察到来，他像闪电一样地跑了。
The
country,
covered
with
cherry
tree
flowers,
looks
as
though
it
is
covered
with
pink
snow.（情景描写）
这个国家，覆盖着樱花，看起来好像被粉红色的雪覆盖着。
I
couldn't
move
my
legs.
It
was
as
if
they
were
stuck
to
the
floor.
（动作描写）
我的腿动不了，就好像给固定在地板上似的。
练一练
这本书陪伴了我很久就像一位我的老朋友似的。
我伸手去摸她的脸，发现她的脸像冰一样冰冷。
他感觉彷佛整个世界都崩塌了。
这辆公交车走的像蜗牛一样慢。
我感觉自己像漂浮在悲伤的海洋中
参考答案：
The
book
has
accompanied
me
for
quite
a
long
time
like
an
old
friend.
I
reached
out
to
touch
her
face,
which
was
as
cold
as
the
ice.
He
felt
?as
if
the
whole
world
had
fallen
apart
on
him.
The
bus
went
as
slowly
as
a
snail.
I
feel
like
I
am
floating
in
an
ocean
of
sadness.
暗喻
也叫隐喻，本体喻体都出现，中间常用喻词“是”等连接，有时不用喻词。暗喻的典型形式为：甲是乙，而不用like,
as等喻词。例如Money
sometimes
is
a
poison.
钱有时候是一种毒药。
句型赏析
?Her
hair
was
a
flowing
golden
river
streaming
down
her
shoulders.?（肖像描写）
她的头发像是一条流淌在她肩上的金色河流。
Life
is
an
unexplored
river.
full
of
twists
and
turns.(哲理)
生活就像一条未被涉足的河流，有各种曲折。
I
felt
a
lump
in
my
throat,
tearing
welling
up
in
my
eyes.（情感描写）
我如鲠在喉，泪水湿润了眼眶。
A
heavy
silence
blanketed
the
room.（环境描写）
整个房子沉浸在一片寂寞中。
The
old
man's
face
is
a
map
of
time.(哲理)
老人的脸是岁月的写照。
练一练
找出下面句子里面的修辞
My
very
thought
was
like
the
ghostly
rustle
of
dead
leaves.
He
looked
as
if
he
had
just
stepped
out
of
my
book
of
fairy
tales.
Wind
and
rain
now
whipped（鞭打）
the
house.
My
mother
is
like
a
coat
in
winter,
offering
warmth
to
me.
The
wind
sounded
like
a
roar
of
a
train
passing
by.
Household
and
medical
suplies
streamed
in
by
plane,
train,
truck
and
car.
参考答案：1.
明喻
2.明喻
3.
暗喻
4.
明喻
5.
明喻
6.
暗喻
修辞2：夸张
运用丰富的想象，过激的言词，渲染和装饰客观事物，以达到强调的效果。
使用数词或量词
1.
My
heart
broke
in
about
a
million
pieces.（情感描写）
我的心成了碎片。
2.
She
was
half
dead
with
fear.（情感描写）
她吓得半死。
3.
The
backpack
weighs
a
ton.（情景描写）
背包很重。
使用动词
1.
The
young
girl
brought
the
house
down
with
her
performance.（情景描写）
这位年轻姑娘的表演博得了满堂喝彩。
2.
It
made
me
jump
out
of
my
skin.
（情感描写）
吓得我魂不附体。
3.I
almost
laughed
my
head
off.（情感描写）
我都快笑死了。
4.
My
blood
froze.（情感描写）
我的血液都凝固了。
5.
She
cried
her
eyes
out.
（情感描写）
她痛哭涕流。
6.
It
brought
her
heart
into
her
mouth.（情感描写）
让她的心悬到了嗓子眼。
7.
My
heart
sank
when
he
left.（情感描写）当他离开时我心都碎了。
使用形容词和副词
在日常对话中，人们常用形容词或者副词去修饰微不足道的事情，目的就是为了渲染一种气氛，强调某种意义的事情。
如副词：extremely；awfully；terribly；perfectly；horribly等等
形容词：miserable;
horrible;
splendid等等
例如：
It's
beautiful,
heavenly
beautiful.(景物描写)
那儿很漂亮，就像天堂那般漂亮。
使用介词短语
1.
She
went
home
in
a
flood
of
tears.（情感描写）
她泪如泉涌地回家去了。
2.
When
they
told
the
news,
I
was
over
the
moon/
on
the
top
of
the
world.（情感描写）
当他们告诉我这个消息时，我乐不可支。
3.
He
was
bent
out
of
shape（情感描写）
他非常生气（气到变形）
修辞3：拟人
把无生命的事物当作有生命的事物来描写，赋予无生命之物以感情和动作或是把动物人格化，使语言生动，形象，更有感染力。
Part
1：把自然现象当作人来描写
1.
The
wind
stood
up
and
gave
a
shout
.
(景物描写)
大风凛冽，发出怒吼。
2.
The
breeze
gently
kissed
her
cheeks.
(景物描写)
微风轻柔地亲吻着她的脸庞。
3.
The
feathery
snowflakes
danced
in
the
night
air,
making
a
beautiful
picture.(景物描写)
鹅毛般的雪花在空中飞舞，像一幅美丽的图画。
4.The
mist
swallowed
him
up.
(景物描写)
薄雾把他包围起来。
5.The
icy
wind
started
howling,
stinging
my
face.(景物描写)
寒风开始咆哮，刺痛了我的脸。
6.
Stars
winked
at
me
in
a
darkening
sky.(景物描写)
夜空中星星向我眨眼睛。
7.
Immediately,
an
absolute
darkness
ruled
the
forest.(景物描写)
顷刻间，黑暗统治了森林。
Part
2：把含蓄抽象的概念当作人来描写
1.
Fear
seized/swallowed
him.（情感描写）
恐惧把他吞噬了。
2.
Anger
choked
my
words.（情感描写）
我气得说不出话来。
3.
A
good
idea
suddenly
struck
me.
（情景描写）
我突然想到一个好主意。
4.
Smile
took
hold
of
him.（情感描写）
他笑容满面。
5.
Anxiety
torn
him
into
pieces.（情感描写）
她焦虑不安，十分崩溃。
6.
Courage/Confidence
deserted
him.（情感描写）
他没信心了。
7.
Excitement
deprived
me
of
all
power
of
speech.（情感描写）
我兴奋的啥也说不出来了。
Part
3：把动物当作人来描写
1.
In
the
dead
of
night,
the
crickets（蟋蟀）played
on
the
terrace
of
the
house.(景物描写)
寂静的夜，蟋蟀旁若无人地在房子的阳台上玩。
2.
Birds
on
the
tree
are
singing
a
beatiful
song.(景物描写)
树上的小鸟在树上唱着美妙的歌曲。
3.
The
frogs
are
giving
a
concert---mixed
chorus.(景物描写)
青蛙在举办音乐会---混声大合唱。
4.Fireflies
patrol
the
grass
with
small
lanterns
(景物描写)
萤火虫提着小灯笼在草丛中巡逻。
1.
夏天的微风轻轻地抚摸着我的脸。
2.
细雨轻轻地亲吻着我的脸颊。
3.
我能听到到处都是鸟儿在歌唱。
4.
这个教堂目睹了这个城市20年的变化。
参考答案：
1.
The
summer
breeze
touched
my
face
gently.
2.
The
drizzle
kissed
me
on
my
cheek
gently.
3.
I
could
hear
birds
singing
everywhere.
4.
The
church
has
witnessed
the
city's
changes
in
the
past
20
years.
修辞4：排比
也称平行,
是把结构相同或相似、意思密切相关、语气一致的词语或句子成串地排列的一种修辞方法，利用意义相关或相近，结构相同或相似和语气相同的词组(主、谓、动、宾)或句子并排(三句或三句以上),段落并排(两段即可),
达到一种加强语势的效果。
句型赏析
Mother
was
very
busy
gathering
the
laundry,
dusting
the
furniture
and
washing
the
dishes.（动作描写）
母亲正忙着收拾要洗的衣服,
掸去家具上的灰尘,
洗碗。
Whether
in
class,
at
work,
or
at
home,
James
was
always
busy.（情景描写）
无论是在课堂上,
在工作中,
还是在家里,
詹姆斯总是很忙。
Don’t
make
promise
when
you
are
in
joy.
Don’t
reply
when
you
are
sad.
Don’t
take
decision
whenyou
are
angry.
Think
twice
and
act
wise.（哲理）
别在喜悦的时候许下承诺;别悲伤的时候做出回答;别在愤怒的时候作出决定。三思而行，做出睿智的行为。
Pain?makes?you
stronger,
tears?make?you
braver,
heartbreak?makes?you
wiser,
so
thank
the
past
for
a
better
future.（哲理）
痛苦,
会让你更强大;
眼泪,
会让你更勇敢;
心碎,
会让你更睿智，所以为了更好的未来感谢过去吧。
This
is?not
only?just
what
I
wanted,?but
also?just
what
I
needed.
这不仅是我想要的，也是我需要的。
练一练
找出下面句子里面的修辞
The
wind
whispers
in
the
tree.
The
noise
was
loud
enough
to
wake
the
dead.
His
speech
brought
the
house
down.
The
old
Venice
fell
asleep
again.
The
sun
broke
through
the
clouds
and
jumped
out
of
the
sea.
The
birds
danced
happily
on
the
branch.
She
eats
like
a
bird.
The
loud
music
almost
drove
me
up
a
wall.
The
night
gently
lays
her
hand
at
our
fevered
heads.
The
volcano
spit
out
lava
from
its
mouth.
.
He
is
dying
for
this
opportunity.
参考答案：1.拟人
2.
夸张
3.夸张
4.
拟人
5.
拟人
6.
拟人
7.
明喻
8.
夸张
9
拟人
10.
拟人
11.
夸张
提分的语法句型
with/without的复合结构
with
+
n.
李华，男，18岁，有高学历和丰富的志愿者经验。
简单句：Li
Hua
is
a
eighteen-year-old
boy.
He
has
a
very
high
academic
qualification.
He
has
rich
experience
as
a
volunteer.
修炼精句：_________________________________________________________
答案：Li
Hua
is
a
eighteen-year-old
boy
with
a
very
high
academic
qualification
and
rich
experience
as
a
volunteer.
Tom帮助了我们，我们就提前完成了任务。
简单句：Tom
helped
us.
So
we
completed
the
task
ahead
of
time.
修炼精句：_____________________________________________________________
答案：With
Tom’s
help,
we
completed
the
task
ahead
of
time.
with
+
n.
+
adj.
老师出去了，门开着。
简单句：Teachers
went
out.
The
door
was
open.
修炼精句：_____________________________________________________________
答案：Teachers
went
out
with
he
door
open.
with
+
n.
+
介词短语
由于生产（产品）上升了60%
，这家公司又有了一个辉煌年。
简单句：Because
its
production
increased
by
60
%
,
the
company
has
had
another
excellent
year.
修炼精句：____________________________________________________________
答案：With
production
up
by
60
%
,
the
company
has
had
another
excellent
year.
with
+
n.
+
to
do
有两科要考试，好担心，这周末我要疯狂学习了。
简单句：I’m
worried
about
two
exams.I
have
to
work
really
hard
this
weekend.
修炼精句：___________________________________________________________
答案：With
two
exams
to
worry
about
,
I
have
to
work
really
hard
this
weekend.
with
+
n.
+
done
这个伟大作家去世了。可惜的是，他的作品还未完成。
简单句：This
great
writer
passed
away.
It
was
a
pity
that
his
works
were
unfinished.
修炼精句：_____________________________________________________________
答案：This
great
writer
passed
away
with
his
works
unfinished.
with
+
n.
+
doing
冬天来了，该买暖和的衣服了。
简单句：Winter
is
coming.
It?is?time?to?buy?warm?clothes.
修炼精句：_____________________________________________________________
答案：With?winter?coming,?it?is?time?to?buy?warm?clothes.
非谓语
非谓语动词是高中的重要语法，运用它可以简化句子结构，使语言表达更加简洁和生动。
回顾非谓语的作用：主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语和状语。
例：In
order
to
get
some
working
experience,I
intend
to
take
up
a
part-time
job
in
a
foreign
company.
（to
do作宾语）
So
exciting
was
the
news
that
we
couldn't
help
jumping
up.
（doing作表语，前置用倒装）
I
think
the
boy
sitting
at
the
table
is
very
hard-working.
（doing作定语）
My
father
encourages
me
to
major
in
English
in
college.
（to
do作宾补）
并列句
我几乎每天都在学校遇见爱米丽，但从未与她交谈。
I
met
Emily
in
school
almost
every
day
and
yet
I
never
talked
to
her.
我从未有机会知道那个好心人的名字，但我永远会记得他出人意料的好意。
I
never
got
an
opportunity
to
know
that
kind
man’s
name,but
I
would
always
remember
his
unexpected
kindness.
医院工作人员太忙了，没时间照顾我，所以我打电话给朋友告诉他这次事故。
The
hospital
staff
was
too
busy
to
attend
to
me,
so
I
called
a
friend
to
tell
him
about
the
accident.
早餐后，我去帮蒂娜姨妈喂鸡，而我的爸爸和保罗叔叔一起去放羊吃草。(2018年6月浙江卷)
After
breakfast,
I
went
to
help
Aunt
Tina
feed
the
chickens,
while
my
dad
went
with
Uncle
Paul
to
take
the
sheep
out
to
graze
(吃草).
定语从句
饥饿的熊闻着味道来到我们的营地，营地被高高的铁丝网包围着。(2020年7月浙江卷)
The
hungry
bear
followed
his
nose
to
our
camp,
which
was
surrounded
by
a
high
wire
fence.
有一位男子生病在床，他的妻子照顾他，不能出去工作，还有他们的小孩子。(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
There
was
a
man
sick
in
bed,
his
wife,who
took
care
of
him
and
could
not
go
out
to
work,
and
their
little
boy.
他站起来，喊道：“我有一个好主意！我有一个我们都可以帮助完成的解决方案。”(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
He
sprang
to
his
feet
and
cried,
“I
have
a
great
idea!
I
havea
solution
that
we
can
all
help
accomplish
(完成).
”
他们开车把儿子送到离城里好几个小时车程的大学,他不久将要在那儿生活和学习。(2020年1月浙江卷)
They
had
driven
their
son
several
hours
out
of
town
to
the
university
where
he
would
soon
be
living
and
studying.
状语从句
当他们靠近时，他们意识到那只狗是一头狼。(2017年6月浙江卷)
(时间状语从句)
As
they
got
closer,
they
realized
that
the
dog
was
a
wolf.
由于经济衰退，该镇有些人失业了。(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
(原因状语从句)
As
the
economy
was
in
decline,
some
people
in
the
town
had
lost
their
jobs.
高中毕业后，詹妮弗上了当地一所技术学院，靠打工来支付学费，因为没有多余的钱用于大学教育。(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
(原因状语从句)
After
high
school,
Jennifer
attended
a
local
technical
college,
working
to
pay
her
tuition
(学费),
because
there
was
no
extra
money
set
aside
for
a
college
education.
我问保罗叔叔我能不能骑马,
他说可以,
只要我爸爸和我一起去。(2018年6月浙江卷)
(条件状语从句)
I
asked
Uncle
Paul
if
I
could
take
a
horse
ride,
and
he
said
yes,
as
long
as
my
dad
went
with
me.
“晚饭不要迟到,
顺着道儿走,
这样你们就不会迷路！”
保罗叔叔喊道。(2018年6月浙江卷)
(目的状语从句)
“Don't
be
late
for
supper,
and
keep
to
the
track
so
that
you
don't
get
lost!”
Uncle
Paul
cried.
当他们到达湖边时，简非常生气，她对汤姆说:
“我要为我们找到一个更好的露营地”,
然后就走了。(2016年10月浙江卷)
(时间状语从句+结果状语从句)
By
the
time
they
reached
the
lake,
Jane
was
so
angry
that
she
said
to
Tom,
“I'm
going
to
find
a
better
spot
for
us
to
camp”
and
walked
away.
当夜幕降临时，简累得不得不停下来过夜。(2016年10月浙江卷)
(时间状语从句+结果状语从句)
As
night
was
beginning
to
fall,
Jane
was
so
tired
that
she
had
to
stop
for
the
night.
尽管这是我生活中褪色的记忆之一,
但有时我会清晰地记得他的脸,
尤其是他的眼睛。(让步状语从句)
Though
it
is
one
of
the
faded
memories
of
my
life,
there
are
times
when
I
remember
his
face
clearly,especially
his
eyes.
虽然这次旅行大部分时间都很有趣,
但是现在我在那里感到非常孤独沮丧。(让步状语从句)
While
the
trip
had
been
fun
for
the
most
part,
now
that
I
was
there
I
was
feeling
very
isolated
and
depressed.
名词性从句
我开始与她交谈，惊讶地发现我们有很多共同之处。(宾语从句)
I
began
to
talk
with
her
and
was
surprised
to
find?that?we
had
much
in
common.
我想知道无论后果如何，父母是否应该始终说实话。(2020年全国Ⅰ卷)
(宾语从句)
I
wonder?if?parents
should
always
tell
the
truth
no
matter
the
consequences.
看起来天要下雪了。(表语从句)
It
seems?that/as
if?it
is
going
to
snow.
然而,
在餐桌上迎接我的是一个微波炉包装。(主语从句)
However,?what?greeted
me
at
the
table
was
a
microwave
package.
她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。(同位语从句)
The
thought
came
to
her?that?maybe
she
had
left
the
door
open
when
she
left
home.
倒装从句
她一生中从未尝过比这更好的味道。(2016年10月浙江卷)
Never
in
her
life
had
she
tasted
anything
better.
直到那时，我才意识到，尽管乔在做家务方面遇到了麻烦，但他还是懂得如何照顾我。
Only
then
did
I
realize
Joe
actually
understood
how
to
take
care
of
me
despite
his
trouble
with
the
housework.
曾经有一位出色的老人,
他热爱一切:
动物、蜘蛛、昆虫和各种各样的生物。
There
was
once
a
wonderful
old
man
who
loved
everything:
animals,
spiders,
insects
and
all
sorts
of
living
things.
我几乎没有意识到那天会发生一些异常的事情。
Little
did
I
realize
something
different
would
happen
that
day.
强调句
正是它眼睛上的黄色斑点让我意识到它的存在。
It
was
the
yellow
spots
on
its
eyes
that
made
me
realize
its
presence.
然后亚瑟意识到也许那一刻正是他可以解决他的问题。
Then
Arthur
realized
maybe
it
was
he
that
could
solve
his
problem
at
that
very
moment.
直到她到了医院才明白所发生的一切。
It
was
when
she
got
in
the
hospital
that
she
understood
everything
that
had
happened.
正是这些障碍和困难使我们变得强大，并为生活中的更大挑战做好准备。
It
is
these
obstacles
and
difficulties
that
make
us
strong
and
get
prepared
for
the
greater
challengesin
our
life.
帮助动物园管理员捉住小偷的不是勇气,
而是智慧。
It’s
not
the
courage
but
the
wisdom
that
helps
the
zoo
keeper
catch
the
thieves.
虚拟语气
营地管理者建议我用胡椒喷雾。(2020年7月浙江卷)
The
camp
manager
suggested
I
use
pepper
spray.
如果一个陌生的家庭出现在家门口,
妈妈会很高兴的。(2017年11月浙江卷)
If
a
strange
family
showed
up
on
her
front
doorsteps,
Mom
would
have
been
delighted.
要是她没有把手机忘在汤姆的包里就好了。(2016年10月浙江卷)
If
only
she
had
not
left
her
mobile
phone
in
that
bag
with
Tom.
“我希望我们能帮助他赚钱,
”克莱拉说。“他的家人遭受着巨大的痛苦。”
(2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
“I
wish
we
could
help
him
to
earn
money,”said
Clara.
“His
family
is
suffering
so
much.
”
如果没有他的及时帮助，我肯定会误了飞机。
Without
his
timely
help,
I
would
have
certainly
missed
my
plane.
检测练习
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Arriving
in
Sydney
on
his
own
from
India,
my
husband
,?Rashid,
stayed
in
a
hotel
for
a
short
time
while
looking
for?a
house?for
me
and
our
children?as
we
would
go
there
when
he
made
everything
settled.
During
the
first
week
of
his
stay,
he
went
out
one?day?to
do
some
shopping.?He
almost
got
lost
in
those
unfamiliar
blocks.
When
he
came
back?in
the
late
afternoon,
he
discovered?that?his
suitcase?was
gone.
He
was
extremely
worried
as
the
suitcase
had
all
his
important
papers,
including
his
passport.?For
a
while,
he
was
overwhelmed
with
depression
with
no
one
to
turn
to.
?
He
reported
the
case
to
the
police
and
then
sat
there，lost
and
lonely
in
a
strange?city,
thinking
of?the
terrible
troubles?of
getting
all
the
paperwork
organized
again?from?a
distant
country?while
trying
to?settle
down?in
a
new
one.?
Late
in
the
evening,
the
phone
rang.
It
was?a?stranger.?He
was
trying
to
pronounce
my
husband’s
name
and
was
asking
him
a
lot
of
questions.
Then
he
said
they
had
found
a
pile
of
papers
in
their?trash
can（垃圾桶）that
had
been
left
out
on
the
footpath.?
My
husband
rushed
to
their
home
to
find?a
kind
family?holding
all?his?papers
and
documents.
Their
young
daughter
had
gone
to
the
trash
can
and
found
a
pile
of
unfamiliar
papers.
Her
parents
had
carefully
sorted
them
out,
although
they
had
found
mainly
foreign
addresses
on?most?of
the
documents.
At?last?they
had
seen
a
half-written
letter
in
the
pile
in
which
my
husband
had
given
his
new
telephone?number
to
a
friend.?My
husband
was
so
excited
about
the
return
of
the
suitcase.
Meanwhile,
the
kindness
of
this
family
made
him
feel
that
this
place
could
be
a
new
start,?a
new
home?for
a
brand
new
life.
注意：
1.
所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.
应使用5个以上短文标有下划线的关键词语；
3.
续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.
续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词。
Paragraph
1:
In
order
to
thank
this
family,…
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
A
few
weeks
later,
my
children
and
I
arrived?in
Sydney.
________________________________________________________________________
思维路径
1
核心内容
?文本主要内容为：主人公Rashid来到陌生的城市悉尼，打算找房子开始他的新生活。然而他的手提箱却意外丢失，包括里面所有的重要文件，他向警方报案，在这座陌生城市他感到孤独和无助。幸运的是，最后手提箱被一个善良的家庭捡到，并顺利回到Rashid手中。
2
写作思路
（1）明确故事人物关系（characters）。故事中主要人物为Rashid，捡到旅行箱的热心家庭。
（2）理清故事主要事件(events)。Rashid来到陌生城市准备找房子安顿下来；结果意外丢失其重要的旅行箱；旅行箱被当地一户善良的人家捡到，失而复得。
（3）根据已知人物、事件及续写段落首句预测故事发展（development）。故事总体的发展应该是主人公Rashid为了表示对这户家庭的感谢晚上请他们一家在餐馆吃饭，同时也聊到了Rashid的经历以及在陌生城市的迷惘和无助。这户人家在知道了Rashid的事情之后，决定帮助Rashid找房子，同时帮助他熟悉街区，一来一往之后，Rashid和他们成为了挚友。几个星期之后，Rashid的妻子和孩子也来到了悉尼，他们的房子已经定下来，开启了他们人生的一段新旅程。
（4）结合下划线词罗列写作要点（points）。结合下划线词和文本内容，展开尽可能丰富的想象，罗列出尽可能多的故事发展情节。例如，第一段可以通过问以下问题来获取写作要点“According
to
the
story,
what
would
Rashid
do
to
thank
this
family?
How
could
he
find
his
house?等”第二段可以问以下问题来获取写作要点：“What
would
happen
when
Rashid’s
family
came
to
Sydney?
Would
they
have
a
new
life
in
this
unfamiliar
city,
why?等”。
参考范文
In
order
to
thank
this
family,?Rashid?invited
them
to
a
dinner
in
a
nearby
restaurant.
Rashid
told
them
he
was
a
newcomer
in
this
city
and
wanted
to
find
a
house
to?settle
down?here
waiting
for
his
family
to
join
him.
“When
I
found
out
that
my?suitcase?was
missing,
I
was
disappointed
and
hopeless.
Thank
you
sincerely
for
your
help.
What
a
timely
assistance
for
me!
”
Rashid
said.
This
family
could
have
chosen
to
ignore
this
suitcase.
However,
they
didn’t.
They
found
out
the
owner
out
of
their
kindness
and
turned
this
trash
into
a
treasure.
“You
are
welcome,
Rashid.
I
heard
that
there
are
some
houses
for
sale
in
my
neighborhood.
I
can
show
you
around,
if
you’re
interested.”
Again,
thanks
to
this
kind
family,
Rashid
found
a
sweet
home.
??A
few
weeks
later,
my
children
and
I
arrived
in
Sydney.
My
husband
had
prepared
a
new
home
for
us
surrounded
by
kind
neighbors.
Though
the
beginning
of
the
story
was
filled
with
terrible
troubles,
it
worked
out
perfectly
in
the
end.
This
family
let
us
feel
the
warmth
from
this
unfamiliar
city.
A
small
kindness
can
indeed
make
a
difference.（除给定词外，160
words）
范文解析
范文围绕文章的内容进行了合情合理的拓展。根据故事发展的线索，范文第一段将续写Rashid为了回报这个家庭的善举请他们在餐馆里。于是Rashid向他们叙说了自己的处境，而捡到手提箱的家庭又一次帮助Rashid找到了住处。第二段，Rashid的家人来到悉尼，而此时，Rashid已经安顿好了一切，虽然这个城市对他们来说仍旧陌生，但是他们相信这是一个值得安家定居的地方因为当地人的善行。在故事的最后，再一次点名主题。
提炼归纳
01合理拓展情节
读后续写首先要读通给定文本，把握故事的人物和事件。在此基础上根据提示对故事的发展作出合情合理又合乎逻辑的预测。为了将预测过程显性化，可以通过设问的方式，将预测重点以问题的方式显示出来，以利后续写作时的信息整理和语言组织。在该练习中，我们通过4个问题来拓展并整理自己的写作思路，这4个问题以Rashid以及其家人为表达的主体，问题之间有一定的逻辑联系，符合故事发展的合理结局。
02有效运用连接手段
在具体的写作过程中我们要对罗列的要点进行筛选和整合，还要考虑写作要点之间连接手段（connectives）的有效运用，例如范文中我们用了However，though来说明事件的转折，again表示Rashid再一次对这户家庭的感谢。这些连接词的使用可以使文本更加紧凑连贯。
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