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Plan B:
Life on Mars?
The distance between them is 55000 thousand km when the Mars is the nearest to the Earth and 0.4 billion km when farthest. The Mars moves nearest to the Earth every 15 years.
Where is Mars ? What`s the distance between the Earth and the Mars?
Work in pairs. Complete the quiz and find out how much you know about Mars. Try to guess if you are not sure of the answers.
1. a 2. a 3. c 4. b
Why do we have Plan B for Earth?
fear
In the 1960s and 1970s
Today
nuclear missiles
environmental problems
solution
Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk, such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy .
But they are also preparing for the worst: what can we do if the terrifying scenes in films such as The Day After Tomorrow happen in real life?
Plan B
One option
One option is to explore other planet to see if we could live on them.
Because Mars is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets.
Why Mars?
Humans` exploration related to Mars
Mars has fascinated people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before.
Films such The Martian enjoy worldwide popularity.
The Mars Village in North-west China`s Qinghai Province.
More governments and organisations are making efforts to educate the public on the Red Planet, for example, the Mars Desert Research Station in the Utah Desert of the US and the Mars Village in North-west China`s Qinghai Province.
the Mars Desert Research Station
Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars. Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and stunning images.
Our robots have explored the Martian surface, testing the soil and searching for resources, water and signs of life.
Within the next 25 years, human beings are planning manned missions to Mars.
Our dreams of making Mars our second home
challenges
1 Sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence of the human race.
2 It would take months to reach Mars, travelling through dangerous solar radiation.(The Moon can be reached within days).
3 Even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely, they may not be able to return to Earth-ever.
4 Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but not impossible.
Biosphere 2
As early as 1980s, scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert. It consisted of a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together.
The “closed “ concept meant that the space was designed to function with its own oxygen, food and water, needing nothing from the outside world.
It did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. More recently, scientists have succeeded in growing a variety of plants in an environment similar to that on Mars, which definitely is a big step forward.
Our future living environment on Mars!
Right now, Earth is the only home we have!
Until now, human settlement of Mars is still decades away. In the meantime, scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer. This change is being caused by human activity and is having a terrible effect on the biosphere.
So, we need to take much better care of our own planet—Earth.
Choose the magazine in which you would most likely find the passage and give your reasons.
1 The Traveller
2 All About Space
3 Environmental Concerns
4 Biology for Fun
Choose the statements that can be inferred from the passage.
Humans have yet not visited Mars.
People want to go to Mars on holiday.
There are plants growing on Mars.
The greatest to life on Earth used to be nuclear missiles.
One day, humans will have to go and live on another planet.
Our Plan A includes developing renewable energy resources.
The Biosphere 2 experiment ended in failure.
4 The two passages share the theme of protecting
our living environments. The first passage focuses
on balancing nature and urban development, and the need for harmony between humans and animals. The second passage focuses on our need to protect Earth even if we intend to settle
on other places such as Mars in future.
Work in pairs. Conduct an interview about living on Mars.
1 Decide your roles.
2 Look at the sample questions about living on Mars and add any more you can think of. Then write down some answers.
1 What was the greatest fear in the 1960s and 1970s?
A Nuclear missiles. B Environmental problems.
C Exploring space. D Pollution.
2 What is our most likely choice as Plan B for earth?
A Under the sea. B Venus.
C Mars. D Mercury.
3 According to the passage, sending people to Mars requires the following things except_____.
A skills. B courage C intelligence D money
Reading comprehension
4 According to the passage, which of the following is right?
A It only takes three days to reach Mars.
B Human settlement of Mars is possible.
C The first settlers have returned from Mars safely.
D The Biosphere 2 experiment is a great success.
5 Which word can best describe travelling to Mars?

A Exciting.
B Challenging.
C Terrifying.
D Amazing.
Humans have long been exploring other planets to live on . The most likely choice is Mars, 1________ is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets. Mars 2___________(fascinate) people since ancient times. Since the 1960s , we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars. 3_____________(encourage) by discoveries over the years, space agencies of various countries are planning manned missions to Mars.
There is no doubt 4_________ humans are drawn to Mars, 5__________ dreams of making it our second home. 6___________, sending people there will require all the skill, courage, and 7________________(intelligent) of the human race. While the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, 8___________(travel) through dangerous solar radiation. More recently, scientists have succeeded in growing a variety of plants in 9_________ environment similar to that on Mars. That 10 _____________(definite) is a big step forward.
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Encouraged
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直击高考
Writing a survival story
Read the story and answer the questions.
1 Where is the person in the story?
2 What difficulties is he facing?
3 What has he already done to stay alive?
4 What will he do next?
He will work out how to farm on Mars and grow plants with seeds.
The person in the story is on Mars.
He has to keep himself safe from the deadly radiation outside. And he is facing the lack of water, oxygen and food.
He has resumed communication with the base. He has discovered an underground ice deposit to get water, and produce oxygen with the water.
Imagine you have to survive in a dangerous place. Plan your story by answering the questions.
Now write your story.
It’s been three days since I got separated from the other team members. We went hiking together on Monday, but became separated due to a heavy rainstorm. Without a compass, I lost direction, and now I am lost in dense jungle.
There are no roads at all, so I have to make my own way step by step. I have hurt both my hands quite badly from all the thorns – they are everywhere. To make things worse, I stumbled and sprained my ankle. The pain is killing me! Snakes, monkeys, insects and other animals appear from time to time. Yesterday, I heard the roar of a tiger from far away.
What an Adventure!
I was terrified! I rub sticks together to make a fire every night to keep myself warm and safe. It’s really a difficult technique to master, and it takes me several frustrating and worrying attempts every evening. I have to remind myself to be calm and optimistic at every moment.
Food also worries me a lot. I’ve been eating berries to appease my hunger, but I have to be very careful to avoid anything poisonous.
Today I have some luck when I find a stream which I can follow. It gives me great hope. I’m confident that I can find my way out! This will have been the most memorable adventure of my life!
What happened to the green lizards? What did they do to cope with it?
What is the main message of the passage?

1. They found themselves in trouble because a tougher species, the brown lizards, were introduced to the place where they live. The green lizards moved higher up the trees and soon adapted to the new environment.
2. The main message is the survival of the fittest.
Presenting ideas
Read the passage and answer the two questions.
Where is our
ideal home forever?

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