湘少版六年级下册英语知识点总复习

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湘少版六年级下册英语知识点总复习

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六年级英语下册易混知识点总复习
完全、缩略形式:
I’m=I
am
he’s=he
is
she’s=she
is
they’re=they
are
you’re=you
are
there’s=there
is
they’re=they
are
can’t=can
not
don’t=do
not
doesn’t=does
not
isn’t=is
not
aren’t=are
not
let’s=let
us
won’t=will
not
I’ll=I
will
wasn’t=was
not
?总结:通常情况下,'m即am,'s即is(但
let’s=let
us),
're即are?
,n't即not?(但can’t=can
not)
二,人称和数
人称代词
形容词性物主代词
主格
宾格
名词性物主代词
第一
人称
单数
I(我)
me
my(我的)
mine(我的)
复数
we(我们)
us
our(我们的)
ours(我们的)
第二
人称
单数
you(你)
you
your(你的)
yours(你的)
复数
you(你们)
you
your(你们的)
yours(你们的)
第三
人称
单数
he(他)
him
his(他的)
his(他的)
she(她)
her
her(她的)
hers(她的)
it(它)
it
its(它的)
its(它的)
复数
they(他们/她们/它们)
them
their(他们的/她们的/它们的)
theirs(他们的/她们的/它们的)
六:句型归类
肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:
I’m
a
student.
She
is
a
doctor.
He
works
in
a
hospital.
There
are
four
fans
in
our
classroom.
He
will
eat
lunch
at
12:00.
I
watched
TV
yesterday
evening.
2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I’m
not
a
student.
She
is
not
(isn’t)
a
doctor.
He
does
not
(doesn’t)
work
in
a
hospital.
There
are
not
(aren’t)
four
fans
in
our
classroom.
He
will
not
(won’t)
eat
lunch
at
12:00.
I
did
not
(didn’t)
watch
TV
yesterday
evening.
☆注意
小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词
“not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面,可缩写成“isn’t,aren’t”,但am
not
一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t
,
doesn’t
,
didn’t
)。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did”

3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。
如:Are
you
a
student?
Yes,
I
am
/
No,
I’m
not.
Is
she
a
doctor?
Yes,
she
is.
/
No,
she
isn’t.
Does
he
work
in
a
hospital?
Yes,
he
does.
/
No,
he
doesn’t.
Are
there
four
fans
in
our
classroom?
Yes,
there
are.
/
No,
there
aren’t.
Are
you
going
to
buy
a
comic
book
tonight?
Yes,
I
am.
/
No,
I
am
not.
(Yes,
we
are.
/
No,
we
aren’t.)
Will
he
eat
lunch
at
12:00?
Yes,
I
will.
/
No,
I
will
not(won’t).
Are
they
swimming?
Yes,
they
are.
/
No,
they
aren’t.
Did
you
watch
TV
yesterday
evening?
Yes,
I
did.
/
No,
I
didn’t.
☆注意
小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,
①把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did”
。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。
4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what
,
where
,
who
,
which
,
when
,
whose
,
why
,
how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes
、no”来回答。如:
What
is
this?
--
It’s
a
computer.
What
does
he
do?
--
He’s
a
doctor.
Where
are
you
going?
--I’m
going
to
Beijing.
Who
played
football
with
you
yesterday
afternoon?
--Mike.
Which
season
do
you
like
best?
---
Summer.
When
do
you
usually
get
up?
---
I
usually
get
up
at
6:30.
Whose
skirt
is
this?
---
It’s
Amy’s.
Why
do
you
like
spring
best?
---
Because
I
can
plant
trees.
How
are
you?
----
I’m
fine.
/
I’m
happy.
How
did
you
go
to
Xinjiang?
----I
went
to
Xinjiang
by
train.
☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如:
how
many(多少(数量)),
how
much(多少(钱)),
how
tall(多高),
how
long(多长),
how
big(多大),
how
heavy(多重)
例句:How
many
pencils
do
you
have?
I
have
three
pencils.
How
many
girls
can
you
see?
I
can
see
four
girls.
How
many
desks
are
there
in
your
classroom?
There
are
51.
☆小结:how
many
用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,
How
many
+
名词复数
+
do
you
have?
你有多少……?
How
many
+
名词复数
+
can
you
see?
你能看见多少……?
How
many
+
名词复数
+
are
there…?
有多少……?
二:形容词比较级详解
当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是:
什么
+
动词be
(am
,
is
,
are
)
+
形容词比较级
+
than(比)+
什么
,如:
I’m
taller
and
heavier
than
you.
(我比你更高和更重。)
An
elephant
is
bigger
than
a
tiger.
(一只大象比一只老虎更大。)
形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是:

一般的直接在词尾加er
,如
tall
-
taller
,
strong
-
stronger
,

以e结尾的,直接加r
,如
fine

finer
,

以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny
-
funnier

双写最后的字母再加er,如big

bigger,
thin

thinner
,hot

hotter
☆注意
比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。
典型错误:My
hair
is
longer
than
you.(我的头发比你更长。)
比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性。
应该改为:My
hair
is
longer
than
yours.
或My
hair
is
longer
than
your
hair.
比较级专项练习:
1、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子
heavy
tall
long
big
(1)
How
is
the
Yellow
River?
(2)
How
is
Mr
Green?
He’s
175cm.
(3)
How
are
your
feet?
I
wear
size
18.
(4)How
is
the
fish?
It’s
2kg.
2、根据句意写出所缺的单词
(1)
I’m
12
years
old.
You’re
14.
I’m
than
you.
(2)
A
rabbit’s
tail
is
than
a
monkey’s
tail.
(3)
An
elephant
is
than
a
pig.
(4)
A
lake
is
than
a
sea.
(5)
A
basketball
is
than
a
football.
3、根据中文完成句子.
(1)?
我比我的弟弟大三岁.
I’m
than
my
brother.
(2)?
这棵树要比那棵树高.
This
tree
than
that
one.
(3)?
你比他矮四厘米.
You
are
than
he.
(4)?
谁比你重?
than
you?
4、根据答句写出问句
(1)
I’m
160
cm.
(2)
I’m
12
years
old.
(4)
Amy’s
hair
is
30
cm
long.
三:动词过去式详解
动词的过去式的构成规则有:
A、规则动词
①????一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked
,
learned
,
cleaned
,
visited
② 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived
,
danced
,
used
③????以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study

studied
carry

carried
worry

worried
(注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)

重读闭音节,双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped
B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:
sing

sang
,
eat

ate
,
see

saw
,
have

had
,
do

did
,
go

went
,
take

took
,
buy

bought
,
get

got
,
read

read
,fly

flew
,
am/is

was
,
are

were
,
say

said
,
leave

left
,
swim

swam
,
tell

told
,
draw

drew
,
come

came
,
lose

lost
,
find

found
,
drink

drank
,
hurt

hurt
,
feel

felt
四:动词现在分词详解
动词的ing形式的构成规则:
①???
一般的直接在后面加上ing
,
如doing
,
going
,
working
,
singing
,
eating

以e
结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having
,
writing

双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running
,
swimming
,
sitting
,
getting
一:小学生易混易错错词汇编
1.
a,
an的选择:
元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a.
2.
am
,
is
,
are的选择:
单数用is
,
复数用are.
I

am
,
you

are.
3.
have
,
has
的选择:
表示某人有某物。单数用has
,
复数用have.
I
,
you

have
.
4.
there
is,
there
are
的选择:表示某地有某物,某人。单数用there
is
,
复数用there
are.
5.
some,
any
的选择:肯定句用some,
疑问句和否定句用any.
6.
疑问词的选择:what
(什么)
who
(谁)
where
(哪里)
whose
(谁的)
why(为什么)when(什么
时候)which(哪一个)how
old
(多大)
how
many
(多少)how
much(多少钱)

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