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2021-2022学年新牛津版高中英语选择性必修二：
Unit 1 The mass media 课文+词汇背诵材料
Be A Critical News Reader!
Firefighters put out tower block fire
Firefighters quickly put out the Henderson Tower fire last night. The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped. Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services. Fire engines and ambulances, called at 9:30 p.m., reached the scene within 15 minutes. By this time, the fire had extended to the 15th floor. Firefighters got the situation under control around 11 p.m. There is concern that the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules.
Deadly fire in tower block causes serious damage
A terrible fire broke out on Sunday night, leaving the Henderson Tower seriously damaged. Emergency services estimate that the number of deaths could reach 9. By this morning, 4 people have been confirmed dead. The fire has also left dozens of people injured, 5 of whom are in a critical condition. Lisa Mayer, 29, is among the lucky ones who only suffered minor injuries. She recalled, I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking. I looked outside and the smoke was choking me. It was like an awful dream."
Mr Peterson, head of the fire service, confirms that a dropped cigarette end on a carpet of the 8th floor started the fire and that the automatic fire alarms did not go off quickly enough to prevent the disaster. A team is currently investigating the accident further.
Reading news reports critically
We rely on news to learn about what is happening in the world around us. However, we usually find that reports on the same events contain different or even contradictory information. How do these differences come about?
It is advisable to remember that journalists may have different priorities, which would influence how they report an event. Let's take the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire as an example. We can see that the first news report pays more attention to the rescue efforts, while the second talks more about deaths and injuries. When we read more than one report, we come to understand an event in a more comprehensive way.
Even if news reports are written from basically the same perspective, they may contradict each other in terms of factual details, as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly changing. For instance, the numbers of deaths differ in the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire. When we come across such factual differences, we should not rush to the conclusion that one of the news reports gives false information. Instead, check when the reports were written. News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are brought to light. Another aspect worthy of mention is that journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews differently. Suppose emergency services' estimates of the number of deaths vary between 5 and 9. Journalists may choose to present the minimum, the maximum or something in between in their news reports. Therefore, checking different sources enables us to draw a more informed conclusion.
To sum up, it is wise to read news reports written from various perspectives and at different stages, which brings us a more accurate understanding of a situation. We also need to be critical about the information we receive and remember not to blindly trust what we have read. Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth, it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports. With great discrimination, every one of us has the potential to be a critical news reader.
英文 词性 中文
critical adj. 批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的
trap v. 使落入陷境；卡住，绊住
n. 陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼
release v. 发布；释放；松开；发泄
n. 释放；发行；排放，泄漏
ambulance n. 救护车
extend v. 延伸(距离)；扩大；延长；延伸
construction n. 建筑，建造；建造物
dozen n. 许多；(一)打；十来个
dozens of
很多，许多
minor adj. 轻微的，次要的
bath n. 洗澡，洗浴；浴缸，浴盆
scream v. 尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音
n. 尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音
bark vi. (狗)吠叫
vt. 厉声发令
n. (狗)吠声；短促响亮的人声；树皮
choke v. (使)窒息；(使)哽咽，(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来
cigarette n. 香烟
carpet n. 地毯；覆盖地面的一层厚东西
automatic adj. 自动的；无意识的，不假思索的
investigate v. 侦查，调查；研究
come about
发生
journalist n. 新闻记者，新闻工作者
priority n. 优先事项，首要事情；优先权，重点
contradict v. 相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥
factual adj. 事实的，真实的
instance n. 例子，事例
for instance
例如，比如
differ v. 相异；意见相左
conclusion n. 结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成
false adj. 错误的，不真实的；非天生的；假的，伪造的；不真诚的
bring sth. to light
揭露，披露
minimum n. 最小值，最少量
adj. 最低的，最小的
maximum n. 最大量，最大限度
adj. 最高的，最多的
sum up
总结，概括
sum n. 金额，款项；总和，总数；全部
accurate adj. 正确无误的；精确的
committed adj. 尽心尽力的
be committed to
致力于
discrimination n. 辨别力，识别力；歧视，区别对待
curiosity n. 好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品
journalism n. 新闻业，新闻工作
commitment n. 献身，投入；承诺，许诺；花费
citizen n. 公民；市民，居民
found v. 创建，创办；建立，兴建
politics n. 政治，政治事务；(个人的)政治观点，政见
accuse v. 谴责，控诉
tax n. 税，税款
v. 对...征税，使纳税
mount vi. 逐步增加
vt. 攀登，爬上
n. 山
mount up
(尺寸和数量上)增加，上升
elevation n. 提高；提升；海拔
profession n. 行业，职业；同行；宣称，声明
drama n. 戏剧；戏剧性事件
scholarship n. 奖学金；学术
category n. 类别，种类
nevertheless adv. 尽管如此
witness v. 是发生...的时间(或地点)，见证；目击；作证；是...的迹象
n. 目击者，见证人，证人
edition n. 版本；一份，一期；版次
platform n. 计算机平台；站台，月台；讲台，舞台
spring up
迅速出现，突然兴起
interaction n. 互动，相互作用
membership n. (统称)会员，会员人数；会员资格
chart n. 图表；海图；(the charts) 排行榜
v. 记录；制定计划；绘制区域地图
broadcast n. 广播节目，电视节目
v. 播送，广播；散布，传播
advertising n. 广告活动，广告业
persuasion n. 说服，劝说；信仰
persuade v. 说服；使信服
advertisement n. 广告，启事；广告活动，广告宣传
channel n. 途径，渠道；电视台；频道；方法；水渠
peak adj. 高峰时期的，最高度的
n. 顶峰，高峰；山峰；尖端
v. 达到高峰，达到最高值
advertise v. 做广告，登广告；公布，征聘；展现，宣传
boost v. 使增长，使兴旺
n. 增长，提高；帮助，激励
psychology n. 心理，心理特征；心理学
purchase v. 买，购买
n. 购买，采购，购买的东西，购买项目
memorable adj. 难忘的，值得纪念的
slogan n. 标语，口号
teapot n. 茶壶
get across
被传达，被理解，把...讲清楚
brand n. 品牌；类型；烙印
ambassador n. 大使，代表
placement n. 放置；安置
rating n. 收视率；等级，级别
sponsor v. 赞助；主办；为慈善活动捐款；资助
n. 赞助商；为慈善活动捐款的人
absorb v. 理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力
discount n. 折扣
v. 打折出售
tailor v. 专门制作，定做
n. 裁缝
brighten up
(使)增添乐趣；使更艳丽
housing n. 住房，住宅
estate n. 住宅区；(通常指农村的)大片私有土地；个人财产，(尤指)遗产
housing estate
住宅区，住宅群
amuse v. (提供)消遣；逗笑

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