资源简介

重点知识归纳
1.
right
away
2.
come
out
of
3.
too
nervous
to
eat
4.
run
out
of
5.
bright
lights
6.
water
pipes
7.
think
little
of
8.
as
usual
9.
as
if
10.
at
an
end
11.
in
ruins
12.
two
thirds
of
...
13.
thousands
of
...
14.
the
number
of
...
15.
blow
...
away
16.
railway
tracks
17.
fall
down
18.
dig
out
19.
coal
mines
20.
fresh
water
21.
a
great
number
of
22.
be
pleased
to
tell
...
23.
win
the
high
school
speaking
competition
24.
be
proud
of
25.
As
you
know,
...
26.
express
one’s
thanks
to
...
27.
It
seemed
as
if
...
28.
not
long
after
that
...
29.
disaster-hit
areas
30.
raise
money定语从句（一）
定语从句是在复合句中起定语作用，修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词（that,
which,
who,
whom,
whose等）和关系副词（where,
when,
why等）。关系词在先行词和定语从句之间起着三个作用：①连接主句和从句；②指代先行词；③在从句中作句子成分。本单元我们先来学习关系代词引导的定语从句。
【语境展示】 观察下面句子，并试着归纳关系代词引导的定语从句的用法。
1.
The
people who
/
that called
yesterday
want
to
buy
the
house.
2.
The
man
(whom
/
who
/
that)
I
have
to
phone
lives
in Canada.
3.
She
was
not
in
the
train which
/
that arrived
just
now.
4.
This
is
the
book
(which
/
that)
you
wanted.
5.
The
girl whose work
got
the
prize
is
the
youngest
in
her
class.
6.
It's
the
house whose door
is
painted
red.
【自我归纳】
①关系代词who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语（句1、句2）。
②关系代词whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语, 在口语和非正式文体中可用who或that替换（句2）。
③关系代词which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语（句3、句4）。
④关系代词that既可以指人也可以指________，在定语从句中作主语或宾语（句1-句4）。
⑤关系代词whose既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作________（句5、句6）。
注意：关系代词在从句中作宾语时，在口语中可省略（句2、句4）。
【即学即练】
I. 将下面两个句子合成一个含有定语从句的复合句。
1.
My
brother
works
for
a
magazine.
The
magazine
is
very
popular
in America.
_________________________________________
2.
The
boy
is
lucky.
He
has
a
lot
of
friends.
_________________________________________
3.
Linda
is
a
girl.
Her
friends
depend
on
her.
_________________________________________
4.
I
took
piano
lessons
from
a
woman.
She
is
my
mother's
friend.
_________________________________________
5.
That's
the
house.
I
grew
up
in
it
with
my
sister
Emilia.
_________________________________________
6. Rome is
a
city.
It
attracts
a
lot
of
tourists.
_________________________________________
II. 用适当的关系词填空。
1.
Are
you
the
lady
________
asked
for
soap
2.
Many
people
have
friends
________
social
backgrounds
are
different
from
theirs.
3.
She
had
shown
pictures
of
a
plant
________
had
recently
been
discovered.
4.
There
was
an
old
man
in
the
village
________
none
of
us
liked.
5.
The
girl
________
photo
I
took
at
the
party
was
pleased
with
it.
6.
Yesterday
I
ran
into
an
old
friend
________
I
hadn't
seen
for
years.
7.
In 1519
a traveler
________
went
to America from Europe discovered
the
tomato.
8.
I've
been
thinking
about
the
questions
________
you
asked
me
last
week.
III. 用适当的关系词补全下面短文。
Last
summer,
I
made
friends
with
some
people
1.
________
are
completely
different
from
me.
In
July,
I
went
to Mexico
City to
study
Spanish
for
a
month.
In
our
group,
there
was
a
teacher
2.
________
was
much
older
than
I.
We
became
really
good
friends.
In
my
first
week,
I
had
a
problem
3.
________
was
getting
me
down. Mexico
City is
a
city
4.
________
has
a
lot
of
attractions.
As
a
result,
I
went
out
all
the
time
and
I
stopped
going
to
my
classes.
Bob
helped
me
get
back
into
my
studies.
He
was
a
boy
5.
________
I
met
on
a
trip
and
6.
________
home
I
visited
frequently.
He
always
told
me
stories
7.
________
were
interesting
and
encouraging.
Although
we
had
different
personalities
(性格),
we
became
the
best
of
friends.
Ⅳ.
用适当的关系代词补全下面短文。
Born
in
Brussels,
Belgium,
Audrey
Hepburn,
1.
________
was
ranked
as
the
third
greatest
female
star
of
all
time
by
the
American
Film
Institute
in
1999,
was
a
British
actress.
She,
2.
________
father
was
a
wealthy
English
banker
and
mother
a
Dutch
baroness
(女男爵),
was
really
blue-blooded.
Hepburn
studied
ballet
(芭蕾舞)
and
moved
to
London
in
1948,
where
she
continued
to
train
in
ballet
and
worked
as
a
photographer’s
model.
Hepburn
played
the
lead
female
role
in Roman
Holiday in
1953,
for
3.
________
she
won
an
Academy
Award,
a
Golden
Globe
and
a
BAFTA.
Roman
Holiday was
followed
by
another
similarly
wonderful
performance
4.
________
was
named Funny
Face (1957).
Sabrina
(1954)
for
5.
________
she
received
another
Academy
nomination
(提名),
and
Love
in
the
Afternoon
(1957)
also
received
good
reviews.
In
1959,
she
received
another
nomination
for
her
role
in The
Nun’s
Story.
One
of
Hepburn’s
most
popular
starring
roles
was
in
the
fine
production
of My
Fair
Lady (1964),
6.
________
won
eight
Academy
Awards.
答案
【自我归纳】 物；定语
【即学即练】
I.
1.
My
brother
works
for
a
magazine
that
/
which
is
very
popular
in America.
2.
The
boy
who
/
that
has
a
lot
of
friends
is
lucky.
3.
Linda
is
a
girl
whose
friends
depend
on
her.
4.
I
took
piano
lessons
from
a
woman
who
/
that
is
my
mother's
friend.
5.
That's
the
house
that
/
which
I
grew
up
in
with
my
sister
Emilia.
6. Rome is
a
city
that
/
which
attracts
a
lot
of
tourists.
II.
1.
who
/
that

2.
whose

3.
which
/
that

4.
whom
/
that
/
who
5.
whose

6.
who
/
whom
/
that
7.
who
/
that

8.
which
/
that
III.
1.
who
/
that

2.
who
/
that
3.
which
/
that
4.
which
/
that
5.
whom
/
who
/
that
6.
whose
7.
which
/
that
Ⅳ.
1.
who

2.
whose
3.
which

4.
which
/
that
5.
which


6.
which如何写新闻报道
【写作任务】
今天你校组织全体师生进行了一次地震应急疏散演练（evacuation
drill）。假设你是校英文报的一名记者，请根据所给要点以“An
earthquake
emergency
evacuation
drill”为题写一篇新闻报道：
1. 演练的目的、参加者、时间及地点；
2. 演练的经过；
3. 同学们的感受。
注意：1. 词数100左右（报道的标题已给出，但不计入总词数）；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
An
earthquake
emergency
evacuation
drill
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【写作指导】
一、审题定调
本写作要求写一篇关于地震演练的新闻报道。新闻报道一般包括四个部分：标题、导语、主体、结语。新闻报道的标题要醒目、得体、生动；导语是报道开头的第一段或第一句话，应简明扼要地概括事件；主体是报道的主要部分，要具体介绍事件的时间、地点、人物、经过等；结语通常是对全文内容概括性的总结或对这一事件的简要评论。
二、谋篇布局
就本篇写作而言，可以分为三部分：
第一部分：导语。说明何时、何地开展地震应急疏散演练及演练目的；
第二部分：主体。详细介绍全体师生进行地震演练的过程；
第三部分：结语。简单评论这次演练。
三、组织语言
第一部分：说明何时、何地开展地震应急疏散演练及演练目的。
普通表达
高级表达
To
teach
students
to
protect
themselves
in
an
earthquake,
today
...
took
part
in
...
To
educate
/
instruct
students
how
to
survive
an
earthquake,
today
...
participated
in
(参加)
...
第二部分：详细介绍全体师生进行地震演练的过程。
普通表达
高级表达
The
teachers
told
us
what
to
do
...
when
there
is
an
earthquake.
The
teachers
gave
us
some
instructions
...
and
told
us
how
to
prevent
ourselves
from
being
injured
once
an
earthquake
happened.
They
asked
us
to
go
/
walk
safely
and
quickly
down
the
stairs
when
we
heard
...
They
told
us
that
we
should
run
safely
down
the
stairs
the
moment
we
heard
... They
required
us
to
race
safely
down
the
stairs
the
instant
we
heard
...
With
teachers
guiding
the
way,
all
the
students
came
to
...
quickly.
Under
teachers’
guidance,
all
the
students
ran
to
...
smoothly
in
a
few
minutes.
第三部分：简单评论这次演练。
普通表达
高级表达
Through
this
drill
we
learned
how
to
avoid
being
injured
during
an
earthquake. It
was
necessary
and
useful
for
us. This
activity
was
really
good
for
us
and
we
all
learned
a
lot
from
it.
This
drill
was
a
valuable
opportunity
for
us
to
learn
how
to
deal
with
emergencies
when
we
meet
an
earthquake. It
was
really
impressive
(令人印象深刻的)
and
we
all
benefited
(受益)
a
lot
from
it.
【范文展示】
[普通范文]
An
earthquake
emergency
evacuation
drill
To
teach
students
to
protect
themselves
in
an
earthquake,
today
all
the
teachers
and
students
in
our
school
took
part
in
an
earthquake
emergency
evacuation
drill.
Firstly,
the
teachers
told
us
what
to
do
in
the
classroom
when
there
is
an
earthquake.
Then
they
asked
us
to
go
safely
and
quickly
down
the
stairs
when
we
heard
the
bell
ring.
With
teachers
guiding
the
way,
all
the
students
came
to
the
playground
quickly.
Through
this
drill
we
learned
how
to
avoid
being
injured
during
an
earthquake.
This
activity
was
really
good
for
us
and
we
all
learned
a
lot
from
it.
[高级范文]
An
earthquake
emergency
evacuation
drill
To
instruct
students
how
to
survive
an
earthquake,
today
all
the
teachers
and
students
in
our
school
participated
in
an
earthquake
emergency
evacuation
drill.
At
first,
the
teachers
gave
us
some
instructions
in
the
classroom
and
told
us
how
to
prevent
ourselves
from
being
injured
once
an
earthquake
happened.
After
that,
they
told
us
that
we
should
run
safely
down
the
stairs
the
moment
we
heard
the
bell
ring.
Under
teachers’
guidance,
all
the
students
ran
to
the
playground
smoothly
in
a
few
minutes.
This
drill
was
a
valuable
opportunity
for
us
to
learn
how
to
deal
with
emergencies
when
we
meet
an
earthquake.
It
was
really
impressive
and
we
all
benefited
a
lot
from
it.
【实战演练】
你校近期举行了一次登山活动。假定你是学校英文报记者，请写一篇短文，报道此次活动。内容包括：
1. 时间与地点：8月1日，太山（Tai
Mountain）；
2. 活动的过程；
3. 你对于这次活动的评论。
注意：词数120左右。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
【实战演练】
One
possible
version:
To
help
us
students
keep
fit,
our
school
organized
a
mountain-climbing
activity
on
August
1.
Hundreds
of
us
took
part
in
it.
It
was
a
nice
day.
At
8
am,
we
arrived
at
the
foot
of Tai Mountain and
began
the
journey
with
great
excitement.
All
the
way
we
were
chatting,
singing
and
laughing,
enjoying
the
fresh
air
and
the
beautiful
scenery.
When
someone
fell
behind,
others
would
come
and
offer
help.
At
around
11
am,
we
reached
the
top.
We
jumped
and
shouted
with
joy
in
the
sunshine.
This
activity
was
really
good
for
us
and
we
all
learned
a
lot
from
it.
During
the
activity
we
enjoyed
nature
to
the
fullest.
Besides,
we
were
able
to
develop
our
friendships
as
well.

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