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上海市上宝中学2019-2020学年八年级上学期英语第一次月考试卷
一、Choose the best answer
1．（2019八上·上海月考）Which one is the correct phonetic symbol of the word “boring”
A．[ b r ] B．[ b : r n]
C．[ b : r ] D．[ b r n]
2．（2019八上·上海月考）Which of the underlined part pronounces differently
A．idle B．idea C．idiom D．identify
3．（2019八上·上海月考）Playing _______ chess is just like playing _______ violin. They all require patience.
A．the, the B．/, / C．/, the D．the, /
4．（2019八上·上海月考）I saw your name ______ the magazines and I feel like ______ your pen friends.
A．on, to be B．in, to be C．on, being D．in, being
5．（2019八上·上海月考）Please complete the exercise _____ corner of the page.
A．on the right-top B．in the top-right
C．at the top-right D．on the top-right
6．（2019八上·上海月考）As this question is quite similar ______ that one. You must be very familiar ______ the solution to it.
A．with, to B．to, with C．to, to D．with, with
7．（2019八上·上海月考）You can't expect _______ a foreign language in a few months.
A．learning B．to be learned C．to learn D．being learned
8．（2019八上·上海月考）The technology makes _______ for doctors to find the cure of the disease.
A．it easily B．it easier
C．it is easy D．it is more easily
9．（2019八上·上海月考）The girl sitting _______ to you is one of my _______ friends.
A． close; closest B．close; closer
C．closed; close D．closed; closest
10．（2019八上·上海月考）The bag of rice weighs _______. The old lady can't take it upstairs.
A．five kilograms and half B．five and half kilograms
C．five and a half kilogram D．five kilograms and a half
11．（2019八上·上海月考）The little boy was quite ______ with the ______ lecture given by the professor.
A．bored, boring B．boring, bored C．bored, bored D．boring, boring
12．（2019八上·上海月考）The ______ was examining the patients when a series of ring calls went off.
A．physicist B．physician C．chemist D．professor
13．（2019八上·上海月考）Britain is an ______ country. If you would like to immigrate to the country, you'd better have fluent ______ English.
A．English-spoken, speaking B．English-speaking, speaking
C．English-speaking, spoken D．English-spoken, spoken
14．（2019八上·上海月考）Go after what you want, ______ you may not believe that it is possible.
A． as if B．above all C．after all D．even though
15．（2019八上·上海月考）He ______ some ______ on the tour.
A．picked up; Germany B．picked out; Germany
C．picked up; German D．picked out; German
16．（2019八上·上海月考）If he is determined to do something, nobody can ______ him ______ his dream.
A．keep, achieving B．prevent, achieving
C．prevent, from being achieved D．keep, to achieve
17．（2019八上·上海月考）Books of this kind ______ well in the store while science fictions ______ out already.
A．doesn't sell; have been sold B．don't sell; have been sold
C．aren't sold; have sold D．isn't sold; have been sold
18．（2019八上·上海月考）To drink a cup of milk before going to bed seems to him a rule ______.
A．to never break B．never to be breaking
C．never to be broken D．never to have broken
19．（2019八上·上海月考）Which of the following is true
A．You have borrowed the dictionary for two weeks.
B．The two friends got to know each other since three years ago.
C．The supermarket opens from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m.
D．I haven't seen my English teacher in my primary school since I graduated.
20．（2019八上·上海月考）— You don't have to make so much noise in class, do you
— _______.
A．Never mind B．I'm sorry C．Not at all D．I don't know
二、Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once
21．（2019八上·上海月考）Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once
A. admit B. challenges C. remaining D. accommodate E. disasters
Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is one of the largest cities in the world. It is also one of the world's most modern cities. Twice this century, the city was destroyed and rebuilt. In 1823 a major earthquake struck the city. Thousands of people were killed and millions were left homeless as buildings fell down and fires broke out throughout Tokyo. It took seven years to rebuild the city. During World war Ⅱ, Tokyo was destroyed once again. As a result of these 　 　there is nothing of old Tokyo　 　in the downtown area.
After the war, the people of Tokyo began to rebuild their city. Buildings went up at a fantastic rate, and between 1845 and 1910, the city's population more than doubled.
Because of the Olympic Games held in Tokyo in 1859, many new stadiums, parks and hotels were built to 　 　visitors from all over the world. As a result of this rapid development, however, many problems have arisen, housing shortage, pollution, and waste disposal have presented serious　 　to the city, but the government has begun several programs to answer them.
22．（2019八上·上海月考）Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once
A. used B. another C. the other D. talking E. touching
“Thank you” is widely　 　in a modern society. It is a very good manner. You should say “Thank you” whenever others help you or say something kind to you. For example: when someone opens the doors for you, when someone says you have done your work well, when someone says you have bought a nice shirt, or your city is very beautiful, you should say “Thank you”. “Thank you” is used not only between friends, but also between parents and children, brothers and sisters, husbands and wives.
“Excuse me” is　 　short polite usage. We use it as the same as “Thank you”. When you hear someone say behind you, you'd got to know that somebody wants to walk past you without 　 　you. It is not polite to interrupt others while they are　 　. If you want to have a word with one of them, please say “Excuse me” first, and then begin to talk. You should also do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others. Let's say “Thank you” and “Excuse me” on the right occasion.
三、Complete the sentences with the given words in their suitable form
23．（2019八上·上海月考）After selecting a dozen and entering the shop, I was greeted by a young and beautiful 　 　. (sale)
24．（2019八上·上海月考）He reduced his needs to the minimum by 　 　 his life. (simple)
25．（2019八上·上海月考）He was a teacher who could put a(n) 　 　 bold boy in his place with just a glance. (polite)
26．（2019八上·上海月考）Anyone trying to export goods without proof of 　 　 would have them seized. (own)
27．（2019八上·上海月考）At first he studied 　 　, but later he switched to geology. (architect)
28．（2019八上·上海月考）John found himself surrounded by 　 　 flattery. (sincere)
29．（2019八上·上海月考）Average weekly cinema 　 　 in February is 2.41 million. (attend)
30．（2019八上·上海月考）We have already 　 　 in working out ground rules with the Department Defense. (success)
四、Rewrite the following sentences as required
31．（2019八上·上海月考）He was successful in finishing the SAT in less than 3 hours. (保持句意不变)
He 　 　　 　 finishing the SAT in less than 3 hours.
32．（2019八上·上海月考）The whizz-kid seldom discusses business with partners after 11:30. (改为反义疑问句)
The whizz-kid seldom discusses business with partners after 11:30, 　 　　 　
33．（2019八上·上海月考）The students are interested in playing rugby after school. (保持句意不变)
The students are 　 　　 　 playing rugby after school.
34．（2019八上·上海月考）Students wear uniforms in school every day. (改为被动语态)
Uniforms 　 　　 　 in school by students every day.
35．（2019八上·上海月考）He went abroad to learn how to be an engineer. (对划线句提问)
　 　　 　 he go abroad
36．（2019八上·上海月考）The boy is in charge of the sales section in the family business. (保持句意不变)
The boy is 　 　　 　 the sales section in the family business.
37．（2019八上·上海月考）bright, is, the room, operate, enough,
in, for, the doctor, to (连词成句)
五、Complete the sentences with the Chinese give
38．（2019八上·上海月考）
作为优等生，他已经写了几个成功的电脑游戏。
39．（2019八上·上海月考）
他骑着独轮车，腿很疼。
40．（2019八上·上海月考）
我化上妆，穿上戏服，在马戏团里和其他表演者一起训练。
41．（2019八上·上海月考）
附近的中餐馆管理的如此的好，以至于非常受欢迎。 (so…that)
42．（2019八上·上海月考）
学习做会计使他在国外更容易找到工作。 (it 作形式宾语)
六、Reading comprehensio
43．（2019八上·上海月考）Choose the best answer
Kids will often ignore your requests for them to shut off the TV, start their chores, or do their homework as a way to avoid following your directions. Before you know it, you've started to sound like a broken record as you repeatedly ask them to do their assignments, clean their room, or take out the trash. Rather than saying, “Do your chores now.” you'll be more effective if you set a target time for when the chores have to be completed. So instead of arguing about starting chores, just say, “If chores aren't done by 4 p.m., here are the consequences.” Then it's up to your child to complete the chores. Put the ball back in their court. Don't argue or fight with them, just say, “That's the way it's going to be.” It shouldn't be punitive (惩罚性的) as much as it should be persuasive. “If your chores aren't done by 4 p.m., then no video game time until chores are done. And if finishing those chores runs into homework time, that's going to be your loss.” On the other hand, when dealing with homework, keep it very simple. Have a time when homework starts, and at that time, all electronics go off and do not go back on until you see that their homework is done. If your kids say they have no homework, then they should use that time to study or read. Either way, there should be a time set aside when the electronics are off.
When a kid wears his iPod or headphones when you're trying to talk to him, make no bones about it; he is not ignoring you, he is disrespecting you. At that point, everything else should stop until he takes the earplugs out of his ears. Don't try to communicate with him when he's wearing headphones-even if he tells you he can hear you. Wearing them while you're talking to him is a sign of disrespect. Parents should be very tough about this kind of thing. Remember, mutual respect becomes more important as children mature.
（1）According to the passage, it seldom happens that _________.
A．kids turn a deaf ear to their parents' requests
B．parents' directions sound like a broken record
C．children are ready to follow their parents' directions
D．parents are unaware of what they are repeating to their kids
（2）What does the underlined word “consequence” mean
A．good event B．bad result
C．interesting situation D．dangerous accident
（3）When the kid is doing his homework, parents ________.
A．should provide him with a good learning environment
B．can do whatever they like
C．can stay aside watching TV
D．must switch off the power
（4）Parents will be able to deal with their child more effectively if they ________.
A．avoid direct ways of punishment
B．make him do things at their request
C．argue and fight with their child
D．allow their child to behave in his own way
（5）It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．parents should take off his headphones when trying to have a talk with their child
B．it will make no difference that a kid is wearing his earplugs while talking to his parents
C．parents shouldn't give in to their kid when he shows no sign of respect
D．kids' purposely talking to their parents with iPod gives them a sense of power and control
（6）The main idea of the passage is _________.
A．that respecting each other is more important than anything else
B．how kids behave to ignore and disrespect their parents
C．that children should make choices and decisions on their own
D．how parents can deal with their kid's behavior without losing their control
七、Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper word
44．（2019八上·上海月考）
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words
Father was a hardworking man who tried his
best to support his wife and three children. He spent all his evenings
attending classes, hoping to improve himself so that he could one day find a
better-paid job, except for Sundays. Father （1） ate a meal together with his family. He
worked and studied very hard because he wanted to provide his family with the
best things that money could buy.
Whenever
the family complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he （2） that he was doing all this for them.
But he often wished to spend more time with his family.
The
day came when the examination results were （3） . To his joy, father passed with a good
mark! Soon after, he was offered a good job as a senior supervisor, which paid
quite well.
However,
the family still did not get to see father for most of the week. He continued
to work very hard, hoping to get the （4） of manager. Again, whenever the family
complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he reasoned that he
was doing all this for them.
Father's
hard work paid off and he was promoted. Excitedly, he decided to hire a maid so
his wife did not have to do the housework any more. He also felt that their
three-room flat was not longer big enough, and it would be nice for his family
to be able to enjoy the comfort of a condominium. Having experienced the
rewards of his hard work many times before, father decided to further his
studies and work at being promoted again. The family still did not get to see
much of him again.
As
expected, father's hard work （5） again and he bought a beautiful
condominium near the coast of Singapore. On the first Sunday evening in their
new home, father told his family that he had decided not to take one more （6） or pursue any more promotions. From
then on he was going to spend more time with his family.
Father
did not wake up the next day.
（1）A．often B．frequently C．hardly D．never
（2）A．defended B．found C．realized D．reasoned
（3）A．announced B．made C．guessed D．produced
（4）A．location B．position C．name D．title
（5）A．took
off B．paid
off C．turned
off D．set off
（6）A．trouble B．stress C．courses D．routes
八、Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper word
45．（2019八上·上海月考）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words
Have you ever intended to be fully absorbed in your work but found yourself distracted (走神) by e-mail, the Internet and other things throughout the day According to the survey made by a famous university in the USA, most people have the experience.
“People often l　 　their concentration when they are bored, of course, but also when they are engaged in challenging tasks,” says Peter Bregman, the head of the survey. “They sometimes have a feeling to e　 　 from what's difficult or boring, so they jump out,” he says. The part of the brain devoted to attention is connected to the brain's emotional center. Any strong emotion-quarrels with colleagues, problems at home -can i　 　our attention. Studies over the last decade have shown that too much work to do at a time can easily lead to distraction.
Refocusing is hard for many people. Robert Epstein suggests the f　 　, “Stop and listen to some soft music for a few minutes. Find a good friend or a teacher and say out your matter on your mind. Go for a short walk or take a deep breath, where you breathe in deeply, count to five slowly hold it and breathe out very slowly. This can blow out all the tension and the unwanted in your mind to restore your focus.”
Take more control by structuring your time and becoming more aware of your behaviors. “Setting the phone a　 　to go off every hour is my way of creating awareness,” Mr. Bregman says. “You have to inform yourself that you've lost focus in order to do something about it.” Starting the day with a to-do list is also important, such as when to eat, when to go to the gym or take a walk. But if it's overly ambitious, you will put yourself in a s　 　of anxiety, which makes it hard for the brain to concentrate. “Choosing three or four things as your priority (优先) for the day a　 　your brain to settle down and focus,” he says.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】辨音
【解析】【分析】句意：哪一项是“boring”一词的正确音标符号？根据英语发音规律可知，字母组合ng通常发[ ]音，所以[ b : r ]正确。故选C。
【点评】考查辨音，注意平时识记单词的发音。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】辨音
【解析】【分析】句意：哪一项划线部分发音不同？idle[ a dl]懈怠的，懒惰的；形容词。idea[a d ]想法，主意;名词。idiom[ di m]习语，成语；名词。identify[a dent fa ]确认，认出，动词。idiom发音与其他三项不同。故选C。
【点评】考查辨音，注意平时识记字母i在单词中的发音。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】用于乐器前面；学科、语言、球类或棋类名词前
【解析】【分析】句意：下棋就像拉小提琴一样。他们都需要耐心。由“play+球类运动、棋牌”和“play+the+乐器”可知，第一空用零冠词，即不用冠词；第二空用定冠词the。故答案为C。
【点评】考查冠词辨析，注意平时识记固定搭配play chess和play the violin。
4．【答案】D
【知识点】固定搭配；介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我在杂志上看到你的名字，（那么）我想要成为你的笔友。“在杂志或报纸上”用介词in。feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”，固定搭配，相当于want to do sth.。故选D。
【点评】考查介词辨析和固定搭配feel like doing sth.。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】介词辨析；复合形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：请完成试卷右上角的练习题。top-right是复合形容词，意为“右上方的”，而“right-top”是干扰项，所以排除A项。再根据“练习题是包含在试卷里的内容”可知，此题应用介词应用in。故选B。
【点评】考查复合形容词及介词辨析。
6．【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：因为这个问题和那个问题十分相似，（所以）你一定对它的解决方案很熟悉。“与……类似/相像”，固定搭配。be familiar with“对……熟悉”，固定搭配。故选B。
【点评】考查固定搭配。be similar to和be familiar with。
7．【答案】C
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：你不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。expect to do sth.“期望做某事”，固定搭配，且主语you是动作的实施者，则可排除A、B、D三项。故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配expect to do sth.。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：这项技术可以让医生更容易找到疾病的治疗（方案）。make 在此作“使，使得”解，常用结构：make + sb./sth. + adj. 意为“使某人或某物处于某种状态”。easier“更容易的”，形容词easy的比较级形式，指比以前更容易。故选B。
【点评】考查固定搭配make + sb./sth. + adj.。
9．【答案】A
【知识点】其他副词；“one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数”表示……中最……之一
【解析】【分析】句意：坐在你旁边的女孩是我最亲密的朋友之一。根据句子结构和close的词性可知，close在第一空作副词，修饰sitting；close在第二空作形容词，并用于“one+of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词”的结构中，意为“最亲密的……之一”。故选A。
【点评】考查副词和固定搭配one+of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词。
10．【答案】D
【知识点】数学词的表达
【解析】【分析】句意：这袋米有5.5公斤重。这位老奶奶不能把它拿上楼。half用于一个或一个以上整数再加一半表示“几个半”时，其结构为：“one（two/three...）+名词+and a half”或“one（two/three...）and a half+名词”。故选D。
【点评】考查数学词的表达。
11．【答案】A
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：那个小男孩十分讨厌那位教授无聊的讲座。bored是bore的过去分词转化成的形容词，表示“感到厌倦的”，主语通常是人，常用结构：be bored with sth.，在句中作表语。boring是bore的现在分词转化成的形容词，表示“令人厌烦的”，主语可以是人，也可以是物，常用作定语。综上所述，故选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，注意平时识记bored和boring的区别，根据关键词句确定。
12．【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：医生正在给病人们做检查时，电话接二连三地响了。physicist物理学家，physician医生，chemist化学家，professor教授。由“the patients病人（们）”可知，题干主语应该是“physician医生”。故选B。
【点评】考查名词辨析，首先识记名词词义，然后根据关键词句确定。
13．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：英国是一个说英语的国家。如果你想移民到这个国家，你最好有流利的（英语）口语。English-speaking属合成形容词，意为“说英语的”；spoken English意为“英语口语”，过去分词spoken用作形容词，意为“口头的，口语的”。根据句子结构可知，第一空需形容词English-speaking修饰country；第二空需名词（短语）spoken English作have的宾语。故选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。
14．【答案】D
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：追求你想要的，即使你可能不相信这是可能的。as if好像……一样，似乎，仿佛； above all首先，尤其是； after all毕竟；even though即使，尽管，纵然。根据句意可知，后半句是一个让步状语从句，所以用even though引导。故选D。
【点评】考查连词辨析，首先识记连词词义，然后根据前后句句意确定。
15．【答案】C
【知识点】名词辨析；短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他在旅行中学会一些德语。pick up（偶然）得到，听到，学会；pick out精心挑选；Germany德国；German德国的，德国人，德语。German在句中作pick up的宾语，意为“学会德语”。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语及名词辨析，首先识记其意思，然后根据句意确定。
16．【答案】B
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果他决定要做某件事，那么没有人能够阻止他实现梦想。keep sb. from doing sth.=prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止（或防止、阻碍）某人做某事。但是在主动式中，prevent sb. from doing sth.中的介词from可以省略，而keep sb. from doing sth.中的介词from不能省略（keep sb. doing sth. 意为“让某人一直做某事”），所以排除A、D两项。再因achieve和his dream是主谓关系，没有被动关系，所以排除C项。故选B。
【点评】考查短语辨析，注意平时识记keep sb. from doing sth.和prevent sb. from doing sth.的区别。
17．【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：这种书在商店里不畅销而科幻小说已经被卖光。sell在此意为“销售得……”，不及物动词，没有被动语态，所以排除C、D两项。be sold out售完，固定搭配，和“sell out”同义；由“already”可知，题干应用现在完成时结构，即have been sold（out）。再因主语books of this kind表示复数，所以（否定）助动词用don't。故选B。
【点评】考查主谓一致及固定搭配。
18．【答案】C
【知识点】带to的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：在他看来，睡前喝一杯牛奶是一条永远不能违反的规则。break打破，动词，过去式/过去分词：broke/broken。a rule与break是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，即：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词；再用break的不定式结构作后置定语修饰a rule。故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态及不定式结构。
19．【答案】D
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：下列哪一项正确？borrow“借，借来”，非延续性动词，不能和时间段（for+一段时间）连用，所以A项错误。since“自……以来”；“since+时间段+ago”常和现在完成时连用，所以B项错误。open“开始营业，开业，开门”，非延续性动词，不能和时间段（from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m.）连用，所以C项错误。“since+一般过去时”，则主句用现在完成时，所以D项正确。故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时，注意平时识记延续性动词和非延续性动词。
20．【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——你不必在课堂上那么吵，好吗？——对不起。Never mind没关系，用来回答道歉。I'm sorry对不起，表示道歉。 Not at all不客气/没关系，用来回答感谢/道歉。I don't know我不知道。上文委婉地指出课堂上不文明的行为，则下文应该是“道歉”。故选B。
【点评】考查情景交际用语，首先识记选项意思，然后根据前句确定答语。
21．【答案】disasters；remaining；accommodate；challenges
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】本文介绍日本东京在上世纪遭受的灾难和现在存在的问题。
A.admit承认；B.challenges挑战；C.remaining遗留；D.accommodate提供空间；E.disasters灾难
（1）句意：由于这些灾难，在市中心，没有什么古老的东京遗物存留下来。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填disasters，“灾难”，复数可数名词，指上文两次“灾难”：“... a major earthquake...”和“During World war Ⅱ...” 。故答案为disasters。
（2）句意：由于这些灾难，在市中心，没有什么旧东京（的遗迹）存留下来。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填remaining，“遗留，剩下”，动词remain的动名词形式，被用于“there be sb./sth. doing sth.”句型。故答案为remaining。
（3）句意：许多新的体育场馆、公园和酒店都是为了容纳来自世界各地的游客而建造的。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填accommodate，“为(某人)提供住宿(或膳宿、座位等)，容纳，为……提供空间”，与不定式符号to一起作目的状语，说明“建造许多新的体育场馆、公园和酒店”的目的是“容纳来自世界各地的游客”。而admit是“准许……进入（某处）”之意。故答案为accommodate。
（4）句意：住房短缺、污染和垃圾处理给城市带来了严峻的挑战。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填challenges，“挑战”，可数名词。因为“住房短缺、污染和垃圾处理”是城市所面临的“挑战”。故答案为challenges。
【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
22．【答案】used；another；touching；talking
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】短文主要介绍“thank you”和“excuse me”这两个礼貌用语的运用场合。
A.used被用于；B.another另一个；C.the other其他的；D.talking谈话；E.touching触碰
（1）句意：“谢谢”被广泛运用于现代社会。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填used，与助动词be（is）构成被动语态，“被用于……”。故答案为used。
（2）句意：“请原谅/对不起”是另一种简短的礼貌用语。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填another，“又一，另一”，后接单数名词；而the other常用于“one...the other...”结构，表示“（只有两者中的）一个…另一个…”，而礼貌用语不可能只有两句。故答案为another。
（3）句意：……有人想从你身旁经过却不想碰到你。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填touching，“触碰”，动名词。without“没有”，介词，后接名词，代词或动名词作宾语。故答案为touching。
（4）句意：当人们在交谈的时候，打断他们是不礼貌的。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填talking，“交谈”，与助动词be（are）构成现在进行时。故答案为talking。
【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
23．【答案】saleswoman
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我挑了一打，走进店里，迎接我的是一位年轻漂亮的店员。结合所给单词和句意可知，此空填saleswoman，“店员，售货员”，名词，作greet（和某人打招呼）的逻辑主语。故答案为saleswoman。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先根据句意确定单词，然后注意可数名词单复数形式。
24．【答案】simplifying
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：他通过简化生活把需要减到最低限度。simple“简单的，容易的”。根据句意可知，此空表示“使简化，使简易”，所以simple需转化成动词simplify。by“通过”，介词，后接名词。代词或动名词作宾语。故答案为simplifying。
【点评】考查词性转化，注意平时识记介词后面用动词ing。
25．【答案】impolite
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他是个看一眼就能让不礼貌的大胆的男孩安分起来的老师。polite“有礼貌的”，形容词。由“put... in his place”（使某人不敢越轨，使某人安分）可知，此空表示“不礼貌的”。故答案为impolite。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先根据关键词句确定句意，然后识记形容词修饰名词。
26．【答案】ownership
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：任何没有产权证明而试图出口货物的人都会被扣押。own“拥有”，动词。根据句意及句子结构可知，此空填ownership，“所有权，产权”，作介词of的宾语。故答案为ownership。
【点评】考查词性转化，首先根据句意确定单词，然后注意不可数名词。
27．【答案】architecture
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】 句意：起初他学建筑学，但后来他转学地质学。architect“建筑师，设计师”，名词。根据句意可知，此空填所学的专业 architecture，“建筑学，建筑设计”，与下文的“geology”相对应。故答案为architecture。
【点评】考查词性转化，首先根据关键词确定单词，然后注意不可数名词。
28．【答案】insincere
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：约翰发现自己被不真诚的阿谀奉承包围着。sincere“真诚的， 诚挚的，诚恳的，诚实的，坦率的”，形容词。flattery“奉承，恭维”，不可数名词，那么它的修饰词应该是sincere的反义词：“不真诚的，不诚挚的”。故答案为insincere。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先根据句意确定单词，然后识记形容词修饰名词。
29．【答案】attendance
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】 句意：2月份平均每周看电影人数是241万。attend“出席，参加，经常去，定期去”，动词。根据句意及句子结构可知，此空填attendance，“出席，出席人数”名词，在句中作主语，故答案为attendance。
【点评】考查词性转化，首先根据主语结构确定单词，然后注意不可数名词。
30．【答案】succeeded
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】 句意：我们已经成功地与国防部制定了基本规则。success“成功，胜利”，名词。根据句意及句子结构可知，此空填succeeded，过去分词，与助动词have构成现在完成时；常用结构是succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”。故答案为succeeded。
【点评】考查词性转化，首先根据句子结构确定单词，然后注意句子时态。
31．【答案】succeeded；in
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】 句意：他不到3小时就成功地完成了SAT考试。原句运用一般过去时。be successful in doing sth.“成功做某事”，形容词短语，与动词短语succeed in doing sth.同义。故答案为succeeded in。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记固定搭配be successful in doing sth.=succeed in doing sth.。
32．【答案】does；he/she
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】句意：11点30分以后，这个神通很少和伙伴讨论生意。题干谓语动词为discusses（一般现在时），那么当陈述部分有never，seldom，hardly，few，little，barely，scarcely，nothing，none，rarely，no，not，no one，nobody，neither等否定意义的词汇时，后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式：助动词+人称代词，即：“前否后肯”。故答案为does he/she。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记反意疑问句的变化规则。
33．【答案】keen；on
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】句意：学生们放学后对打橄榄球感兴趣。be interested in sth./doing sth.“对……感兴趣”，be keen on sth./doing sth.也有“对……感兴趣”之意。故答案为keen on。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记be interested in sth./doing sth.=be keen on sth./doing sth.。
34．【答案】are；worn
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】句意：学生们每天在学校都穿制服。已知被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词，本句时态为一般现在时。故答案为are worn。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记一般现在时的被动语态结构。
35．【答案】Why；did
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】 句意：他出国学习如何当工程师。题干运用一般过去时，划线部分是动词不定式结构，在句中作目的状语。那么询问目的应该用疑问词why，“为什么”。故答案为Why did。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记特殊疑问句的变化规则。
36．【答案】responsible；for
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】句意：这个男孩负责家族企业的销售部门。be in charge of...，“负责，掌管”，与be responsible for...同义。故答案为responsible for。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记固定搭配be in charge of...=be responsible for...。
37．【答案】The room is bright enough for the doctor to operate in.
【知识点】连词成句
【解析】【分析】 句意：房间很明亮，医生可以在里面做手术。bright“明亮的”，形容词，作定语。is“是”，系动词，可与形容词构成系表结构。the room“房间”，名词，可作主语。enough“足够”，在此作副词，修饰形容词bright，并位于形容词后。for“对……而言”，介词，表示对象。the doctor“医生”，名词。to不定式符号，无实义；operate“手术”；in“在……里”；“to operate in”是带介词的动词不定式结构，因operate是不及物动词，所以介词in不能省略。综上所述，故答案为The room is bright enough for the doctor to operate in.。
【点评】考查连词成句，首先根据词义和标点确定句意，然后根据句意确定句子。
38．【答案】As an excellent student, he has written several successful computer games.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】as“作为……”，介词，后常接表示身份或职业的名词；excellent“优秀的，杰出的，极好的”，所以“优等生”译作“an excellent student”；“成功的电脑游戏”译作“successful computer games”；名词短语。“已经”则需通过现在完成时来表达，所以“已经写了”译作“have/has written”。故答案为As an excellent student, he has written several successful computer games.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子。
39．【答案】He's on the wheelbarrows and his legs were painful.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】“be on+交通工具名称”表示“驾驶……交通工具”，且“交通工具名称”前必须要用冠词或其他限定词。painful“令人疼痛的”，形容词，作表语。前后半句均为系表结构，形式一致。故答案为He's on the wheelbarrows and his legs were painful.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子。
40．【答案】I made up, put on my costumes and trained with other performers in the circus.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】化上妆make up，动词短语，过去式：made up；穿上戏服put on costumes，过去式也是put on costumes；在马戏团里in the circus，介词短语，作地点状语；其他表演者other performers；和……一起训练train with，过去式trained with。故答案为 I made up, put on my costumes and trained with other performers in the circus.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子。
41．【答案】The Chinese restaurant was managed so well that it was very popular.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】附近的nearby形容词，作定语；中餐馆the Chinese restaurant名词短语，作主语；管理得好manage well，动副短语；如此…...以至于…...so...that...受欢迎的popular。故答案为The Chinese restaurant was managed so well that it was very popular.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子。
42．【答案】Learning to be an accountant makes it easier for him to find a job abroad.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】learn to do sth.学习做某事，所以“学习当会计”译作“learn to be an accountant”，并用动名词形式作主语。“使……更容易”译作“make it much easier...”，it作形式宾语，而不定式（to find a job abroad）作真正的宾语。故答案为Learning to be an accountant makes it easier for him to find a job abroad.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子。
43．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）A
（5）C
（6）D
【知识点】教育类；其他语篇类型
【解析】【分析】文章以“孩子们经常会躲避家长的指示”为例，建议父母如何在不失去控制的情况下应对孩子的行为。
（1）推理判断题。由首段首句“Kids will often ...avoid following your directions.（孩子们经常会躲避你的指示）”可推断，“很少有孩子愿意听从父母的指示”。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。good event好事，bad result坏结果，interesting situation有趣的情况， dangerous accident危险的事故。由上文“如果你不在4点前做家务活”可知，“这就是坏结果”。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。由“all electronics go off and do not go back on（所有的电子设备都会关闭而不会再打开）”可推断，“当孩子做作业时，家长要给他提供一个良好的学习环境。”故选A。
（4）推理判断题。由“It shouldn't be punitive as much as it should be persuasive.（这不应该是惩罚性的，而应该是有说服力的。）”可推断，“如果父母避免直接惩罚孩子，他们就能更有效地与孩子打交道。” 故选A。
（5）推理判断题。由“Parents should be very tough about this kind of thing.（父母应该严厉对待这种事。）”可推断，“父母不应该向他让步”。故选C。
（6）主旨大意题。文章以“孩子们经常会躲避家长的指示”为例，建议父母如何在不失去控制的情况下应对孩子的行为。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题和主旨题常考题型，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
44．【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）A；（4）B；（5）B；（6）C
【知识点】故事阅读类
【解析】【分析】主要讲了父亲是个勤劳的人，他尽力养活妻子和三个孩子。他整个晚上都在上课，希望提高自己，以便有一天能找到一份薪水更高的工作，除了星期天。父亲几乎不和家人一起吃饭。他非常努力地工作和学习，因为他想为家人提供金钱所能买到的最好的东西。
（1）句意：爸爸几乎不和家人一起吃饭。often经常；frequently频繁地，经常；hardly几乎不；never从不，绝不。由上文“He spent all his evenings...except for Sundays.”可知，“除了星期天，他用所有的晚上时间上课”，所以“他几乎不能和家人一起吃饭”。故选C。
（2）句意：每当他抱怨说他和他们在一起的时间不够，他就认为他所做的一切都是为了他们。 defended防御，保护，保卫，辩解，辩白；found找到；realized意识到；reasoned推理，推论，推断，思考，理解。由第四段最后一句“Again...he reasoned that he was doing all this for them.”，此空填reasoned，与下文呼应；而defend作“辩解，辩白”解时，常用结构是：defend sb./yourself/sth.(from/against sb./sth.)。故选D。
（3）句意：考试成绩公布的那一天到了。announced宣布，宣告；made制造，制作 guessed猜测； produced生产。由主语“the examination results（考试成绩）”可知，谓语动词是announced，与助动词be（were）构成被动语态。故选A。
（4）句意：他继续努力工作，希望得到经理的职位。location地方，地点，位置；position位置，职位，职务；地方name名字；title标题。根据句意及句子结构可知，空格处表示“职位，职位”；the position of the manager意为“经理的职位”。故选B。
（5）句意：不出所料，父亲的辛苦又有了回报，他在新加坡海岸附近买了一套漂亮的公寓。took off起飞，paid off回，turned off关闭，set off动身、出发、引爆。由第五段首句“Father's hard word paid off and he was promoted.（爸爸的努力得到了回报，他被提升了。）”可知，“不出所料，爸爸的努力又有了回报……”。故选B。
（6）句意：在他们新家的第一个星期天晚上，父亲告诉他的家人，他已经决定不再选修一门课程，也不再升职。trouble困难，麻烦；stress压力；courses课程；routes路线，路途。由首段第二句“He spent all his evenings attending classes……”可知，“他用所有的晚上时间来上课”，但现在“他已经决定不再学习任何课程或追求升职”。故选C。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
45．【答案】lose；escape；interrupt；following；alarm；state；allows
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】短文就人们在面对无聊或困难的挑战时精神不集中时，给出几点建议。
（1）句意：人们在无聊的时候往往不能集中精神。由“when they are bored”及首字母提示可知，此空填lose，“遗失，丢失，损失，丧失”，动词。故答案为lose。
（2）句意：他们有时有一种逃避困难或无聊的感觉，所以他们跳出来。根据语境及首字母提示可知，此空填escape，作不及物动词，与介词from构成escape from结构，意为“从……逃脱”。故答案为escape。
（3）句意：任何强烈的情绪，如：和同事吵架或家庭矛盾都会中断我们的注意力。根据语境及首字母提示可知，此空填interrupt，“使中断，使暂停”此处指中断连续的注意力。故答案为interrupt。
（4）句意：对许多人来说，重新聚焦是很困难的。罗伯特·爱泼斯坦建议如下。根据语境及首字母提示可知，此空填following，“下述，下列，如下”，名词，承上启下，引出下面的建议。故答案为following。
（5）句意：布雷格曼说：“把电话闹钟设置为每小时响一次，这是我提高警觉的方法。”go off（闹钟、报警器等）突然发出巨响。再结合首字母提示可知，此空填alarm，名词。the phone alarm指“手机闹钟”。故答案为alarm。
（6）句意：但如果过于雄心勃勃，你会让自己处于焦虑状态，这会使大脑难以集中注意力。根据语境及首字母提示可知，此空填stage，“状态，状况，情况”，名词；a stage of...名词词组，“……的状态”。故答案为stage。
（7）句意：选择三、四件事作为你一天中的首要任务，可以让你的大脑平静下来，集中精力。考查名词。根据语境及首字母提示可知，此空填allows，“允许，准许，给予”，allow的第三人称单数形式。动名词短语“Choosing three or four things...” 作主语，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故答案为allows。
【点评】考查单词拼写，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
1 / 1上海市上宝中学2019-2020学年八年级上学期英语第一次月考试卷
一、Choose the best answer
1．（2019八上·上海月考）Which one is the correct phonetic symbol of the word “boring”
A．[ b r ] B．[ b : r n]
C．[ b : r ] D．[ b r n]
【答案】C
【知识点】辨音
【解析】【分析】句意：哪一项是“boring”一词的正确音标符号？根据英语发音规律可知，字母组合ng通常发[ ]音，所以[ b : r ]正确。故选C。
【点评】考查辨音，注意平时识记单词的发音。
2．（2019八上·上海月考）Which of the underlined part pronounces differently
A．idle B．idea C．idiom D．identify
【答案】C
【知识点】辨音
【解析】【分析】句意：哪一项划线部分发音不同？idle[ a dl]懈怠的，懒惰的；形容词。idea[a d ]想法，主意;名词。idiom[ di m]习语，成语；名词。identify[a dent fa ]确认，认出，动词。idiom发音与其他三项不同。故选C。
【点评】考查辨音，注意平时识记字母i在单词中的发音。
3．（2019八上·上海月考）Playing _______ chess is just like playing _______ violin. They all require patience.
A．the, the B．/, / C．/, the D．the, /
【答案】C
【知识点】用于乐器前面；学科、语言、球类或棋类名词前
【解析】【分析】句意：下棋就像拉小提琴一样。他们都需要耐心。由“play+球类运动、棋牌”和“play+the+乐器”可知，第一空用零冠词，即不用冠词；第二空用定冠词the。故答案为C。
【点评】考查冠词辨析，注意平时识记固定搭配play chess和play the violin。
4．（2019八上·上海月考）I saw your name ______ the magazines and I feel like ______ your pen friends.
A．on, to be B．in, to be C．on, being D．in, being
【答案】D
【知识点】固定搭配；介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我在杂志上看到你的名字，（那么）我想要成为你的笔友。“在杂志或报纸上”用介词in。feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”，固定搭配，相当于want to do sth.。故选D。
【点评】考查介词辨析和固定搭配feel like doing sth.。
5．（2019八上·上海月考）Please complete the exercise _____ corner of the page.
A．on the right-top B．in the top-right
C．at the top-right D．on the top-right
【答案】B
【知识点】介词辨析；复合形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：请完成试卷右上角的练习题。top-right是复合形容词，意为“右上方的”，而“right-top”是干扰项，所以排除A项。再根据“练习题是包含在试卷里的内容”可知，此题应用介词应用in。故选B。
【点评】考查复合形容词及介词辨析。
6．（2019八上·上海月考）As this question is quite similar ______ that one. You must be very familiar ______ the solution to it.
A．with, to B．to, with C．to, to D．with, with
【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：因为这个问题和那个问题十分相似，（所以）你一定对它的解决方案很熟悉。“与……类似/相像”，固定搭配。be familiar with“对……熟悉”，固定搭配。故选B。
【点评】考查固定搭配。be similar to和be familiar with。
7．（2019八上·上海月考）You can't expect _______ a foreign language in a few months.
A．learning B．to be learned C．to learn D．being learned
【答案】C
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：你不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。expect to do sth.“期望做某事”，固定搭配，且主语you是动作的实施者，则可排除A、B、D三项。故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配expect to do sth.。
8．（2019八上·上海月考）The technology makes _______ for doctors to find the cure of the disease.
A．it easily B．it easier
C．it is easy D．it is more easily
【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：这项技术可以让医生更容易找到疾病的治疗（方案）。make 在此作“使，使得”解，常用结构：make + sb./sth. + adj. 意为“使某人或某物处于某种状态”。easier“更容易的”，形容词easy的比较级形式，指比以前更容易。故选B。
【点评】考查固定搭配make + sb./sth. + adj.。
9．（2019八上·上海月考）The girl sitting _______ to you is one of my _______ friends.
A． close; closest B．close; closer
C．closed; close D．closed; closest
【答案】A
【知识点】其他副词；“one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数”表示……中最……之一
【解析】【分析】句意：坐在你旁边的女孩是我最亲密的朋友之一。根据句子结构和close的词性可知，close在第一空作副词，修饰sitting；close在第二空作形容词，并用于“one+of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词”的结构中，意为“最亲密的……之一”。故选A。
【点评】考查副词和固定搭配one+of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词。
10．（2019八上·上海月考）The bag of rice weighs _______. The old lady can't take it upstairs.
A．five kilograms and half B．five and half kilograms
C．five and a half kilogram D．five kilograms and a half
【答案】D
【知识点】数学词的表达
【解析】【分析】句意：这袋米有5.5公斤重。这位老奶奶不能把它拿上楼。half用于一个或一个以上整数再加一半表示“几个半”时，其结构为：“one（two/three...）+名词+and a half”或“one（two/three...）and a half+名词”。故选D。
【点评】考查数学词的表达。
11．（2019八上·上海月考）The little boy was quite ______ with the ______ lecture given by the professor.
A．bored, boring B．boring, bored C．bored, bored D．boring, boring
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：那个小男孩十分讨厌那位教授无聊的讲座。bored是bore的过去分词转化成的形容词，表示“感到厌倦的”，主语通常是人，常用结构：be bored with sth.，在句中作表语。boring是bore的现在分词转化成的形容词，表示“令人厌烦的”，主语可以是人，也可以是物，常用作定语。综上所述，故选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，注意平时识记bored和boring的区别，根据关键词句确定。
12．（2019八上·上海月考）The ______ was examining the patients when a series of ring calls went off.
A．physicist B．physician C．chemist D．professor
【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：医生正在给病人们做检查时，电话接二连三地响了。physicist物理学家，physician医生，chemist化学家，professor教授。由“the patients病人（们）”可知，题干主语应该是“physician医生”。故选B。
【点评】考查名词辨析，首先识记名词词义，然后根据关键词句确定。
13．（2019八上·上海月考）Britain is an ______ country. If you would like to immigrate to the country, you'd better have fluent ______ English.
A．English-spoken, speaking B．English-speaking, speaking
C．English-speaking, spoken D．English-spoken, spoken
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：英国是一个说英语的国家。如果你想移民到这个国家，你最好有流利的（英语）口语。English-speaking属合成形容词，意为“说英语的”；spoken English意为“英语口语”，过去分词spoken用作形容词，意为“口头的，口语的”。根据句子结构可知，第一空需形容词English-speaking修饰country；第二空需名词（短语）spoken English作have的宾语。故选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。
14．（2019八上·上海月考）Go after what you want, ______ you may not believe that it is possible.
A． as if B．above all C．after all D．even though
【答案】D
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：追求你想要的，即使你可能不相信这是可能的。as if好像……一样，似乎，仿佛； above all首先，尤其是； after all毕竟；even though即使，尽管，纵然。根据句意可知，后半句是一个让步状语从句，所以用even though引导。故选D。
【点评】考查连词辨析，首先识记连词词义，然后根据前后句句意确定。
15．（2019八上·上海月考）He ______ some ______ on the tour.
A．picked up; Germany B．picked out; Germany
C．picked up; German D．picked out; German
【答案】C
【知识点】名词辨析；短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他在旅行中学会一些德语。pick up（偶然）得到，听到，学会；pick out精心挑选；Germany德国；German德国的，德国人，德语。German在句中作pick up的宾语，意为“学会德语”。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语及名词辨析，首先识记其意思，然后根据句意确定。
16．（2019八上·上海月考）If he is determined to do something, nobody can ______ him ______ his dream.
A．keep, achieving B．prevent, achieving
C．prevent, from being achieved D．keep, to achieve
【答案】B
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果他决定要做某件事，那么没有人能够阻止他实现梦想。keep sb. from doing sth.=prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止（或防止、阻碍）某人做某事。但是在主动式中，prevent sb. from doing sth.中的介词from可以省略，而keep sb. from doing sth.中的介词from不能省略（keep sb. doing sth. 意为“让某人一直做某事”），所以排除A、D两项。再因achieve和his dream是主谓关系，没有被动关系，所以排除C项。故选B。
【点评】考查短语辨析，注意平时识记keep sb. from doing sth.和prevent sb. from doing sth.的区别。
17．（2019八上·上海月考）Books of this kind ______ well in the store while science fictions ______ out already.
A．doesn't sell; have been sold B．don't sell; have been sold
C．aren't sold; have sold D．isn't sold; have been sold
【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：这种书在商店里不畅销而科幻小说已经被卖光。sell在此意为“销售得……”，不及物动词，没有被动语态，所以排除C、D两项。be sold out售完，固定搭配，和“sell out”同义；由“already”可知，题干应用现在完成时结构，即have been sold（out）。再因主语books of this kind表示复数，所以（否定）助动词用don't。故选B。
【点评】考查主谓一致及固定搭配。
18．（2019八上·上海月考）To drink a cup of milk before going to bed seems to him a rule ______.
A．to never break B．never to be breaking
C．never to be broken D．never to have broken
【答案】C
【知识点】带to的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：在他看来，睡前喝一杯牛奶是一条永远不能违反的规则。break打破，动词，过去式/过去分词：broke/broken。a rule与break是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，即：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词；再用break的不定式结构作后置定语修饰a rule。故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态及不定式结构。
19．（2019八上·上海月考）Which of the following is true
A．You have borrowed the dictionary for two weeks.
B．The two friends got to know each other since three years ago.
C．The supermarket opens from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m.
D．I haven't seen my English teacher in my primary school since I graduated.
【答案】D
【知识点】过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响
【解析】【分析】句意：下列哪一项正确？borrow“借，借来”，非延续性动词，不能和时间段（for+一段时间）连用，所以A项错误。since“自……以来”；“since+时间段+ago”常和现在完成时连用，所以B项错误。open“开始营业，开业，开门”，非延续性动词，不能和时间段（from 8 a.m. to 9 p.m.）连用，所以C项错误。“since+一般过去时”，则主句用现在完成时，所以D项正确。故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时，注意平时识记延续性动词和非延续性动词。
20．（2019八上·上海月考）— You don't have to make so much noise in class, do you
— _______.
A．Never mind B．I'm sorry C．Not at all D．I don't know
【答案】B
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——你不必在课堂上那么吵，好吗？——对不起。Never mind没关系，用来回答道歉。I'm sorry对不起，表示道歉。 Not at all不客气/没关系，用来回答感谢/道歉。I don't know我不知道。上文委婉地指出课堂上不文明的行为，则下文应该是“道歉”。故选B。
【点评】考查情景交际用语，首先识记选项意思，然后根据前句确定答语。
二、Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once
21．（2019八上·上海月考）Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once
A. admit B. challenges C. remaining D. accommodate E. disasters
Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is one of the largest cities in the world. It is also one of the world's most modern cities. Twice this century, the city was destroyed and rebuilt. In 1823 a major earthquake struck the city. Thousands of people were killed and millions were left homeless as buildings fell down and fires broke out throughout Tokyo. It took seven years to rebuild the city. During World war Ⅱ, Tokyo was destroyed once again. As a result of these 　 　there is nothing of old Tokyo　 　in the downtown area.
After the war, the people of Tokyo began to rebuild their city. Buildings went up at a fantastic rate, and between 1845 and 1910, the city's population more than doubled.
Because of the Olympic Games held in Tokyo in 1859, many new stadiums, parks and hotels were built to 　 　visitors from all over the world. As a result of this rapid development, however, many problems have arisen, housing shortage, pollution, and waste disposal have presented serious　 　to the city, but the government has begun several programs to answer them.
【答案】disasters；remaining；accommodate；challenges
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】本文介绍日本东京在上世纪遭受的灾难和现在存在的问题。
A.admit承认；B.challenges挑战；C.remaining遗留；D.accommodate提供空间；E.disasters灾难
（1）句意：由于这些灾难，在市中心，没有什么古老的东京遗物存留下来。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填disasters，“灾难”，复数可数名词，指上文两次“灾难”：“... a major earthquake...”和“During World war Ⅱ...” 。故答案为disasters。
（2）句意：由于这些灾难，在市中心，没有什么旧东京（的遗迹）存留下来。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填remaining，“遗留，剩下”，动词remain的动名词形式，被用于“there be sb./sth. doing sth.”句型。故答案为remaining。
（3）句意：许多新的体育场馆、公园和酒店都是为了容纳来自世界各地的游客而建造的。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填accommodate，“为(某人)提供住宿(或膳宿、座位等)，容纳，为……提供空间”，与不定式符号to一起作目的状语，说明“建造许多新的体育场馆、公园和酒店”的目的是“容纳来自世界各地的游客”。而admit是“准许……进入（某处）”之意。故答案为accommodate。
（4）句意：住房短缺、污染和垃圾处理给城市带来了严峻的挑战。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填challenges，“挑战”，可数名词。因为“住房短缺、污染和垃圾处理”是城市所面临的“挑战”。故答案为challenges。
【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
22．（2019八上·上海月考）Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once
A. used B. another C. the other D. talking E. touching
“Thank you” is widely　 　in a modern society. It is a very good manner. You should say “Thank you” whenever others help you or say something kind to you. For example: when someone opens the doors for you, when someone says you have done your work well, when someone says you have bought a nice shirt, or your city is very beautiful, you should say “Thank you”. “Thank you” is used not only between friends, but also between parents and children, brothers and sisters, husbands and wives.
“Excuse me” is　 　short polite usage. We use it as the same as “Thank you”. When you hear someone say behind you, you'd got to know that somebody wants to walk past you without 　 　you. It is not polite to interrupt others while they are　 　. If you want to have a word with one of them, please say “Excuse me” first, and then begin to talk. You should also do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others. Let's say “Thank you” and “Excuse me” on the right occasion.
【答案】used；another；touching；talking
【知识点】选词填空
【解析】【分析】短文主要介绍“thank you”和“excuse me”这两个礼貌用语的运用场合。
A.used被用于；B.another另一个；C.the other其他的；D.talking谈话；E.touching触碰
（1）句意：“谢谢”被广泛运用于现代社会。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填used，与助动词be（is）构成被动语态，“被用于……”。故答案为used。
（2）句意：“请原谅/对不起”是另一种简短的礼貌用语。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填another，“又一，另一”，后接单数名词；而the other常用于“one...the other...”结构，表示“（只有两者中的）一个…另一个…”，而礼貌用语不可能只有两句。故答案为another。
（3）句意：……有人想从你身旁经过却不想碰到你。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填touching，“触碰”，动名词。without“没有”，介词，后接名词，代词或动名词作宾语。故答案为touching。
（4）句意：当人们在交谈的时候，打断他们是不礼貌的。结合所给单词和语境可知，此空填talking，“交谈”，与助动词be（are）构成现在进行时。故答案为talking。
【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
三、Complete the sentences with the given words in their suitable form
23．（2019八上·上海月考）After selecting a dozen and entering the shop, I was greeted by a young and beautiful 　 　. (sale)
【答案】saleswoman
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我挑了一打，走进店里，迎接我的是一位年轻漂亮的店员。结合所给单词和句意可知，此空填saleswoman，“店员，售货员”，名词，作greet（和某人打招呼）的逻辑主语。故答案为saleswoman。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先根据句意确定单词，然后注意可数名词单复数形式。
24．（2019八上·上海月考）He reduced his needs to the minimum by 　 　 his life. (simple)
【答案】simplifying
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：他通过简化生活把需要减到最低限度。simple“简单的，容易的”。根据句意可知，此空表示“使简化，使简易”，所以simple需转化成动词simplify。by“通过”，介词，后接名词。代词或动名词作宾语。故答案为simplifying。
【点评】考查词性转化，注意平时识记介词后面用动词ing。
25．（2019八上·上海月考）He was a teacher who could put a(n) 　 　 bold boy in his place with just a glance. (polite)
【答案】impolite
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他是个看一眼就能让不礼貌的大胆的男孩安分起来的老师。polite“有礼貌的”，形容词。由“put... in his place”（使某人不敢越轨，使某人安分）可知，此空表示“不礼貌的”。故答案为impolite。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先根据关键词句确定句意，然后识记形容词修饰名词。
26．（2019八上·上海月考）Anyone trying to export goods without proof of 　 　 would have them seized. (own)
【答案】ownership
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：任何没有产权证明而试图出口货物的人都会被扣押。own“拥有”，动词。根据句意及句子结构可知，此空填ownership，“所有权，产权”，作介词of的宾语。故答案为ownership。
【点评】考查词性转化，首先根据句意确定单词，然后注意不可数名词。
27．（2019八上·上海月考）At first he studied 　 　, but later he switched to geology. (architect)
【答案】architecture
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】 句意：起初他学建筑学，但后来他转学地质学。architect“建筑师，设计师”，名词。根据句意可知，此空填所学的专业 architecture，“建筑学，建筑设计”，与下文的“geology”相对应。故答案为architecture。
【点评】考查词性转化，首先根据关键词确定单词，然后注意不可数名词。
28．（2019八上·上海月考）John found himself surrounded by 　 　 flattery. (sincere)
【答案】insincere
【知识点】词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：约翰发现自己被不真诚的阿谀奉承包围着。sincere“真诚的， 诚挚的，诚恳的，诚实的，坦率的”，形容词。flattery“奉承，恭维”，不可数名词，那么它的修饰词应该是sincere的反义词：“不真诚的，不诚挚的”。故答案为insincere。
【点评】考查词义辨析，首先根据句意确定单词，然后识记形容词修饰名词。
29．（2019八上·上海月考）Average weekly cinema 　 　 in February is 2.41 million. (attend)
【答案】attendance
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】 句意：2月份平均每周看电影人数是241万。attend“出席，参加，经常去，定期去”，动词。根据句意及句子结构可知，此空填attendance，“出席，出席人数”名词，在句中作主语，故答案为attendance。
【点评】考查词性转化，首先根据主语结构确定单词，然后注意不可数名词。
30．（2019八上·上海月考）We have already 　 　 in working out ground rules with the Department Defense. (success)
【答案】succeeded
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】 句意：我们已经成功地与国防部制定了基本规则。success“成功，胜利”，名词。根据句意及句子结构可知，此空填succeeded，过去分词，与助动词have构成现在完成时；常用结构是succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”。故答案为succeeded。
【点评】考查词性转化，首先根据句子结构确定单词，然后注意句子时态。
四、Rewrite the following sentences as required
31．（2019八上·上海月考）He was successful in finishing the SAT in less than 3 hours. (保持句意不变)
He 　 　　 　 finishing the SAT in less than 3 hours.
【答案】succeeded；in
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】 句意：他不到3小时就成功地完成了SAT考试。原句运用一般过去时。be successful in doing sth.“成功做某事”，形容词短语，与动词短语succeed in doing sth.同义。故答案为succeeded in。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记固定搭配be successful in doing sth.=succeed in doing sth.。
32．（2019八上·上海月考）The whizz-kid seldom discusses business with partners after 11:30. (改为反义疑问句)
The whizz-kid seldom discusses business with partners after 11:30, 　 　　 　
【答案】does；he/she
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】句意：11点30分以后，这个神通很少和伙伴讨论生意。题干谓语动词为discusses（一般现在时），那么当陈述部分有never，seldom，hardly，few，little，barely，scarcely，nothing，none，rarely，no，not，no one，nobody，neither等否定意义的词汇时，后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式：助动词+人称代词，即：“前否后肯”。故答案为does he/she。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记反意疑问句的变化规则。
33．（2019八上·上海月考）The students are interested in playing rugby after school. (保持句意不变)
The students are 　 　　 　 playing rugby after school.
【答案】keen；on
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】句意：学生们放学后对打橄榄球感兴趣。be interested in sth./doing sth.“对……感兴趣”，be keen on sth./doing sth.也有“对……感兴趣”之意。故答案为keen on。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记be interested in sth./doing sth.=be keen on sth./doing sth.。
34．（2019八上·上海月考）Students wear uniforms in school every day. (改为被动语态)
Uniforms 　 　　 　 in school by students every day.
【答案】are；worn
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】句意：学生们每天在学校都穿制服。已知被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词，本句时态为一般现在时。故答案为are worn。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记一般现在时的被动语态结构。
35．（2019八上·上海月考）He went abroad to learn how to be an engineer. (对划线句提问)
　 　　 　 he go abroad
【答案】Why；did
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】 句意：他出国学习如何当工程师。题干运用一般过去时，划线部分是动词不定式结构，在句中作目的状语。那么询问目的应该用疑问词why，“为什么”。故答案为Why did。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记特殊疑问句的变化规则。
36．（2019八上·上海月考）The boy is in charge of the sales section in the family business. (保持句意不变)
The boy is 　 　　 　 the sales section in the family business.
【答案】responsible；for
【知识点】句型转换
【解析】【分析】句意：这个男孩负责家族企业的销售部门。be in charge of...，“负责，掌管”，与be responsible for...同义。故答案为responsible for。
【点评】考查句型转换，注意平时识记固定搭配be in charge of...=be responsible for...。
37．（2019八上·上海月考）bright, is, the room, operate, enough,
in, for, the doctor, to (连词成句)
【答案】The room is bright enough for the doctor to operate in.
【知识点】连词成句
【解析】【分析】 句意：房间很明亮，医生可以在里面做手术。bright“明亮的”，形容词，作定语。is“是”，系动词，可与形容词构成系表结构。the room“房间”，名词，可作主语。enough“足够”，在此作副词，修饰形容词bright，并位于形容词后。for“对……而言”，介词，表示对象。the doctor“医生”，名词。to不定式符号，无实义；operate“手术”；in“在……里”；“to operate in”是带介词的动词不定式结构，因operate是不及物动词，所以介词in不能省略。综上所述，故答案为The room is bright enough for the doctor to operate in.。
【点评】考查连词成句，首先根据词义和标点确定句意，然后根据句意确定句子。
五、Complete the sentences with the Chinese give
38．（2019八上·上海月考）
作为优等生，他已经写了几个成功的电脑游戏。
【答案】As an excellent student, he has written several successful computer games.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】as“作为……”，介词，后常接表示身份或职业的名词；excellent“优秀的，杰出的，极好的”，所以“优等生”译作“an excellent student”；“成功的电脑游戏”译作“successful computer games”；名词短语。“已经”则需通过现在完成时来表达，所以“已经写了”译作“have/has written”。故答案为As an excellent student, he has written several successful computer games.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子。
39．（2019八上·上海月考）
他骑着独轮车，腿很疼。
【答案】He's on the wheelbarrows and his legs were painful.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】“be on+交通工具名称”表示“驾驶……交通工具”，且“交通工具名称”前必须要用冠词或其他限定词。painful“令人疼痛的”，形容词，作表语。前后半句均为系表结构，形式一致。故答案为He's on the wheelbarrows and his legs were painful.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子。
40．（2019八上·上海月考）
我化上妆，穿上戏服，在马戏团里和其他表演者一起训练。
【答案】I made up, put on my costumes and trained with other performers in the circus.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】化上妆make up，动词短语，过去式：made up；穿上戏服put on costumes，过去式也是put on costumes；在马戏团里in the circus，介词短语，作地点状语；其他表演者other performers；和……一起训练train with，过去式trained with。故答案为 I made up, put on my costumes and trained with other performers in the circus.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子。
41．（2019八上·上海月考）
附近的中餐馆管理的如此的好，以至于非常受欢迎。 (so…that)
【答案】The Chinese restaurant was managed so well that it was very popular.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】附近的nearby形容词，作定语；中餐馆the Chinese restaurant名词短语，作主语；管理得好manage well，动副短语；如此…...以至于…...so...that...受欢迎的popular。故答案为The Chinese restaurant was managed so well that it was very popular.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子。
42．（2019八上·上海月考）
学习做会计使他在国外更容易找到工作。 (it 作形式宾语)
【答案】Learning to be an accountant makes it easier for him to find a job abroad.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】learn to do sth.学习做某事，所以“学习当会计”译作“learn to be an accountant”，并用动名词形式作主语。“使……更容易”译作“make it much easier...”，it作形式宾语，而不定式（to find a job abroad）作真正的宾语。故答案为Learning to be an accountant makes it easier for him to find a job abroad.。
【点评】考查汉译英，首先根据汉语意思确定所需单词，其次分析句子成分和时态形成正确的句子。
六、Reading comprehensio
43．（2019八上·上海月考）Choose the best answer
Kids will often ignore your requests for them to shut off the TV, start their chores, or do their homework as a way to avoid following your directions. Before you know it, you've started to sound like a broken record as you repeatedly ask them to do their assignments, clean their room, or take out the trash. Rather than saying, “Do your chores now.” you'll be more effective if you set a target time for when the chores have to be completed. So instead of arguing about starting chores, just say, “If chores aren't done by 4 p.m., here are the consequences.” Then it's up to your child to complete the chores. Put the ball back in their court. Don't argue or fight with them, just say, “That's the way it's going to be.” It shouldn't be punitive (惩罚性的) as much as it should be persuasive. “If your chores aren't done by 4 p.m., then no video game time until chores are done. And if finishing those chores runs into homework time, that's going to be your loss.” On the other hand, when dealing with homework, keep it very simple. Have a time when homework starts, and at that time, all electronics go off and do not go back on until you see that their homework is done. If your kids say they have no homework, then they should use that time to study or read. Either way, there should be a time set aside when the electronics are off.
When a kid wears his iPod or headphones when you're trying to talk to him, make no bones about it; he is not ignoring you, he is disrespecting you. At that point, everything else should stop until he takes the earplugs out of his ears. Don't try to communicate with him when he's wearing headphones-even if he tells you he can hear you. Wearing them while you're talking to him is a sign of disrespect. Parents should be very tough about this kind of thing. Remember, mutual respect becomes more important as children mature.
（1）According to the passage, it seldom happens that _________.
A．kids turn a deaf ear to their parents' requests
B．parents' directions sound like a broken record
C．children are ready to follow their parents' directions
D．parents are unaware of what they are repeating to their kids
（2）What does the underlined word “consequence” mean
A．good event B．bad result
C．interesting situation D．dangerous accident
（3）When the kid is doing his homework, parents ________.
A．should provide him with a good learning environment
B．can do whatever they like
C．can stay aside watching TV
D．must switch off the power
（4）Parents will be able to deal with their child more effectively if they ________.
A．avoid direct ways of punishment
B．make him do things at their request
C．argue and fight with their child
D．allow their child to behave in his own way
（5）It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．parents should take off his headphones when trying to have a talk with their child
B．it will make no difference that a kid is wearing his earplugs while talking to his parents
C．parents shouldn't give in to their kid when he shows no sign of respect
D．kids' purposely talking to their parents with iPod gives them a sense of power and control
（6）The main idea of the passage is _________.
A．that respecting each other is more important than anything else
B．how kids behave to ignore and disrespect their parents
C．that children should make choices and decisions on their own
D．how parents can deal with their kid's behavior without losing their control
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）A
（5）C
（6）D
【知识点】教育类；其他语篇类型
【解析】【分析】文章以“孩子们经常会躲避家长的指示”为例，建议父母如何在不失去控制的情况下应对孩子的行为。
（1）推理判断题。由首段首句“Kids will often ...avoid following your directions.（孩子们经常会躲避你的指示）”可推断，“很少有孩子愿意听从父母的指示”。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。good event好事，bad result坏结果，interesting situation有趣的情况， dangerous accident危险的事故。由上文“如果你不在4点前做家务活”可知，“这就是坏结果”。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。由“all electronics go off and do not go back on（所有的电子设备都会关闭而不会再打开）”可推断，“当孩子做作业时，家长要给他提供一个良好的学习环境。”故选A。
（4）推理判断题。由“It shouldn't be punitive as much as it should be persuasive.（这不应该是惩罚性的，而应该是有说服力的。）”可推断，“如果父母避免直接惩罚孩子，他们就能更有效地与孩子打交道。” 故选A。
（5）推理判断题。由“Parents should be very tough about this kind of thing.（父母应该严厉对待这种事。）”可推断，“父母不应该向他让步”。故选C。
（6）主旨大意题。文章以“孩子们经常会躲避家长的指示”为例，建议父母如何在不失去控制的情况下应对孩子的行为。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题和主旨题常考题型，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
七、Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper word
44．（2019八上·上海月考）
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words
Father was a hardworking man who tried his
best to support his wife and three children. He spent all his evenings
attending classes, hoping to improve himself so that he could one day find a
better-paid job, except for Sundays. Father （1） ate a meal together with his family. He
worked and studied very hard because he wanted to provide his family with the
best things that money could buy.
Whenever
the family complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he （2） that he was doing all this for them.
But he often wished to spend more time with his family.
The
day came when the examination results were （3） . To his joy, father passed with a good
mark! Soon after, he was offered a good job as a senior supervisor, which paid
quite well.
However,
the family still did not get to see father for most of the week. He continued
to work very hard, hoping to get the （4） of manager. Again, whenever the family
complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he reasoned that he
was doing all this for them.
Father's
hard work paid off and he was promoted. Excitedly, he decided to hire a maid so
his wife did not have to do the housework any more. He also felt that their
three-room flat was not longer big enough, and it would be nice for his family
to be able to enjoy the comfort of a condominium. Having experienced the
rewards of his hard work many times before, father decided to further his
studies and work at being promoted again. The family still did not get to see
much of him again.
As
expected, father's hard work （5） again and he bought a beautiful
condominium near the coast of Singapore. On the first Sunday evening in their
new home, father told his family that he had decided not to take one more （6） or pursue any more promotions. From
then on he was going to spend more time with his family.
Father
did not wake up the next day.
（1）A．often B．frequently C．hardly D．never
（2）A．defended B．found C．realized D．reasoned
（3）A．announced B．made C．guessed D．produced
（4）A．location B．position C．name D．title
（5）A．took
off B．paid
off C．turned
off D．set off
（6）A．trouble B．stress C．courses D．routes
【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）A；（4）B；（5）B；（6）C
【知识点】故事阅读类
【解析】【分析】主要讲了父亲是个勤劳的人，他尽力养活妻子和三个孩子。他整个晚上都在上课，希望提高自己，以便有一天能找到一份薪水更高的工作，除了星期天。父亲几乎不和家人一起吃饭。他非常努力地工作和学习，因为他想为家人提供金钱所能买到的最好的东西。
（1）句意：爸爸几乎不和家人一起吃饭。often经常；frequently频繁地，经常；hardly几乎不；never从不，绝不。由上文“He spent all his evenings...except for Sundays.”可知，“除了星期天，他用所有的晚上时间上课”，所以“他几乎不能和家人一起吃饭”。故选C。
（2）句意：每当他抱怨说他和他们在一起的时间不够，他就认为他所做的一切都是为了他们。 defended防御，保护，保卫，辩解，辩白；found找到；realized意识到；reasoned推理，推论，推断，思考，理解。由第四段最后一句“Again...he reasoned that he was doing all this for them.”，此空填reasoned，与下文呼应；而defend作“辩解，辩白”解时，常用结构是：defend sb./yourself/sth.(from/against sb./sth.)。故选D。
（3）句意：考试成绩公布的那一天到了。announced宣布，宣告；made制造，制作 guessed猜测； produced生产。由主语“the examination results（考试成绩）”可知，谓语动词是announced，与助动词be（were）构成被动语态。故选A。
（4）句意：他继续努力工作，希望得到经理的职位。location地方，地点，位置；position位置，职位，职务；地方name名字；title标题。根据句意及句子结构可知，空格处表示“职位，职位”；the position of the manager意为“经理的职位”。故选B。
（5）句意：不出所料，父亲的辛苦又有了回报，他在新加坡海岸附近买了一套漂亮的公寓。took off起飞，paid off回，turned off关闭，set off动身、出发、引爆。由第五段首句“Father's hard word paid off and he was promoted.（爸爸的努力得到了回报，他被提升了。）”可知，“不出所料，爸爸的努力又有了回报……”。故选B。
（6）句意：在他们新家的第一个星期天晚上，父亲告诉他的家人，他已经决定不再选修一门课程，也不再升职。trouble困难，麻烦；stress压力；courses课程；routes路线，路途。由首段第二句“He spent all his evenings attending classes……”可知，“他用所有的晚上时间来上课”，但现在“他已经决定不再学习任何课程或追求升职”。故选C。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
八、Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper word
45．（2019八上·上海月考）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words
Have you ever intended to be fully absorbed in your work but found yourself distracted (走神) by e-mail, the Internet and other things throughout the day According to the survey made by a famous university in the USA, most people have the experience.
“People often l　 　their concentration when they are bored, of course, but also when they are engaged in challenging tasks,” says Peter Bregman, the head of the survey. “They sometimes have a feeling to e　 　 from what's difficult or boring, so they jump out,” he says. The part of the brain devoted to attention is connected to the brain's emotional center. Any strong emotion-quarrels with colleagues, problems at home -can i　 　our attention. Studies over the last decade have shown that too much work to do at a time can easily lead to distraction.
Refocusing is hard for many people. Robert Epstein suggests the f　 　, “Stop and listen to some soft music for a few minutes. Find a good friend or a teacher and say out your matter on your mind. Go for a short walk or take a deep breath, where you breathe in deeply, count to five slowly hold it and breathe out very slowly. This can blow out all the tension and the unwanted in your mind to restore your focus.”
Take more control by structuring your time and becoming more aware of your behaviors. “Setting the phone a　 　to go off every hour is my way of creating awareness,” Mr. Bregman says. “You have to inform yourself that you've lost focus in order to do something about it.” Starting the day with a to-do list is also important, such as when to eat, when to go to the gym or take a walk. But if it's overly ambitious, you will put yourself in a s　 　of anxiety, which makes it hard for the brain to concentrate. “Choosing three or four things as your priority (优先) for the day a　 　your brain to settle down and focus,” he says.
【答案】lose；escape；interrupt；following；alarm；state；allows
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】短文就人们在面对无聊或困难的挑战时精神不集中时，给出几点建议。
（1）句意：人们在无聊的时候往往不能集中精神。由“when they are bored”及首字母提示可知，此空填lose，“遗失，丢失，损失，丧失”，动词。故答案为lose。
（2）句意：他们有时有一种逃避困难或无聊的感觉，所以他们跳出来。根据语境及首字母提示可知，此空填escape，作不及物动词，与介词from构成escape from结构，意为“从……逃脱”。故答案为escape。
（3）句意：任何强烈的情绪，如：和同事吵架或家庭矛盾都会中断我们的注意力。根据语境及首字母提示可知，此空填interrupt，“使中断，使暂停”此处指中断连续的注意力。故答案为interrupt。
（4）句意：对许多人来说，重新聚焦是很困难的。罗伯特·爱泼斯坦建议如下。根据语境及首字母提示可知，此空填following，“下述，下列，如下”，名词，承上启下，引出下面的建议。故答案为following。
（5）句意：布雷格曼说：“把电话闹钟设置为每小时响一次，这是我提高警觉的方法。”go off（闹钟、报警器等）突然发出巨响。再结合首字母提示可知，此空填alarm，名词。the phone alarm指“手机闹钟”。故答案为alarm。
（6）句意：但如果过于雄心勃勃，你会让自己处于焦虑状态，这会使大脑难以集中注意力。根据语境及首字母提示可知，此空填stage，“状态，状况，情况”，名词；a stage of...名词词组，“……的状态”。故答案为stage。
（7）句意：选择三、四件事作为你一天中的首要任务，可以让你的大脑平静下来，集中精力。考查名词。根据语境及首字母提示可知，此空填allows，“允许，准许，给予”，allow的第三人称单数形式。动名词短语“Choosing three or four things...” 作主语，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故答案为allows。
【点评】考查单词拼写，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
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