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上海市洋泾中学2020学年度第一学期
高二英语期中考试试卷
II.
Grammar
and
Vocabulary
Section
A
Directions:
After
reading
the
passage
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passages
coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For
the
blanks
with
a
given
word,
fill
in
each
blank
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
word;
for
the
other
blanks,
use
one
word
that
best
fits
each
blank.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How
Running
Helped
Me
Turn
My
Life
Around
I've
never
been
an
athlete.
In
my
twenties,
I
went
for
an
occasional
yoga
class,
but
that
was
really
the
summary
of
all
my
athletic
accomplishments.
That
was
until
the
end
of
2016,
___1___
I
was
unexpectedly
laid
off.
I
was
feeling
quite
depressed
but
pushed
myself
to
go
and
cheer
for
the
TCS
NYC
Marathon
runners
as
the
course
was
going
through
our
neighborhood.
However,
while
___2___
(be)
there,
I
got
lots
of
energy
from
all
the
runners,
smiling
and
applauding.
Not
a
runner
myself,
I
thought
maybe
I
___3___
give
running
a
try
just
to
use
my
neglected
gym
membership
and
see
where
it
takes
me.
And
so
I
tried.
I
went
to
my
local
gym
the
next
morning
and
got
on
a
treadmill（跑步机）.
I
was
out
of
breath
my
minute
five,
but
I
slowed
down,
___4___
(walk)
for
a
bit
and
then
restarted.
I
came
back
the
next
day,
hoping
to
last
a
few
minutes
___5___
(long).
By
the
end
of
two
weeks,
I
could
run
for
30
minutes,
which
was
a
huge
success.
While
I
saw
my
body
starting
to
look
more
toned,
I
also
noticed
my
negative
thoughts
didn't
occur
that
frequently.
And
it
sparked
a
thought
--
what
if
I
could
set
a
running
goal
and
sign
up
for
my
first
-
ever
race?
I
did
and
races
became
a
new
hobby.
___6___
the
meantime,
I
was
able
to
acquire
a
few
freelance（自由职业的）projects.
They
offered
me
a
good
income,
and,
most
importantly,
the
time
___7___
(work)
out
for
the
big
race.
Also,
when
I
was
going
for
interviews,
I
started
to
feel
very
confident
of
my
abilities,
experience
and
skills.
I
got
my
full-time
job
offer
at
my
dream
company
just
a
couple
of
weeks
before
the
half
marathon.
___8___
I
got
an
injury
from
over-training
right
before
the
race,
I
still
went
for
it
and
still
finished
within
my
___9___
(expect)
time.
I
still
have
a
long
running
journey
ahead
of
me
--
I'd
love
to
work
on
my
speed,
my
technique
and
I
dream
of
running
a
marathon
outside
of
the
US.
Running
gives
me
faith
____10____
I
can
do
anything
I
set
my
mind
to.
Section
B
Directions:
Fill
in
each
blank
with
a
proper
word
chosen
from
the
box.
Each
word
can
only
be
used
once.
Note
that
there
is
one
word
more
than
you
need.
A.
tightly
B.
round
C.
stuck
D.
spirits
E.
encouraging
F.
desperately
G.
strengths
H.
frustrating
I.
clapped
J.
arrest
K.
collapsed
Italians
Find
“Moments
of
Joy
in
this
Moment
of
Anxiety”
It
started
with
the
national
anthem.
Then
came
the
piano
chords,
trumpet
blasts,
violin
serenades（小夜曲）and
even
the
clanging
of
pots
and
pans
—
all
of
its
spilling
from
people's
homes,
out
of
windows
and
from
balconies.
Finally,
on
Saturday
afternoon,
a
nationwide
___11___
of
applause
broke
out
for
the
doctors
on
the
medical
front
lines
fighting
the
spread
of
Europe's
worst
coronavirus
outbreak.
Italians
remain
essentially
under
house
___12___
as
the
nation,
the
European
front
in
the
global
fight
against
the
coronavirus,
has
ordered
extraordinary
restrictions
on
their
movement
to
prevent
infection.
But
the
music
and
noise
erupting
over
the
streets,
from
people
___13___
in
their
homes,
reflects
the
spirit
and
humor
of
a
nation
facing
its
worst
national
emergency
since
the
Second
World
War.
It
has
also
demonstrated
the
___14___
of
those
national
characters.
In
China,
patriotic
truck
drivers
risked
infection
to
bring
___15___
needed
food
to
the
people
of
Wuhan,
the
center
of
the
outbreak.
In
Iran,
videos
show
doctors
in
masks
dancing
to
keep
___16___
up.
And
in
Italy,
the
gestures
of
gratitude
and
music
ring
out
above
the
country's
empty
streets,
while
social
media
feeds
are
filled
with
___17___,
touching
and
humorous
web
videos.
Images
of
nurses
who
___18___
from
exhaustion
or
their
faces
bruised（使受淤伤）from
___19___
sealed
masks
have
also
spread
across
the
web
in
recent
days.
Parents
posted
pictures
of
unicorns
and
rainbows
drawn
by
young
children
with
the
title
"It
will
all
be
OK."
"We're
Italians,
and
loving
singing
is
part
of
our
culture"
said
Giorgio
Albertini
51,
an
archaeology
professor
who
_____20_____
from
his
apartment
balcony
in
the
university
district
of
Milan,
calling
it
a
way
'to
feel
a
community,
and
to
have
the
collective
grief".
III.
Reading
Comprehensions
Section
A
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage,
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
The
true
purpose
of
a
business,
Peter
Drucker
said,
is
to
create
and
keep
customers.
"Customer
value"
has
several
definitions.
I
use
the
___21___
to
mean
the
total
lifetime
value
of
a
company's
customer
base.
Companies
can
increase
this
value
by
___22___
more
customers,
earning
more
business
from
existing
ones,
keeping
them
longer,
making
their
experience
simpler
through
digital
improvements
and
so
on.
Visionary
leaders
have
long
understood
the
importance
of
___23___
on
customer
value
rather
than
pursuing
short-term
profits
or
quarterly
earnings,
and
they've
become
enduring
customer
loyalty
leaders
in
the
process.
It's
worth
noting
that
a
number
of
loyalty-leading
companies
are
able
to
___24___
shareholder
pressure,
or
avoid
it
altogether.
Companies
can
___25___
customer
value
in
a
variety
of
ways:
To
increase
___26___,
software
companies
sometimes
charge
corporate
customers
change
fees
that
can
raise
the
total
cost
of
ownership
to
as
much
as
three
times
the
original
price.
To
reduce
operating
costs,
restaurant
chains
sometimes
___27___
frozen
and
precooked
ingredients
in
place
of
fresh
and
made-to-order
food.
The
resulting
profits
may
look
good
on
the
income
statement.
Such
strategies
may
even
lead
to
short-term
earnings
growth.
But
they
also
___28___
potential
customers
and
encourage
disloyalty.
Given
the
importance
of
customer
value,
leaders
should
track
it
as
much
as
they
track
other
key
assets,
such
as
buildings,
machinery,
and
marketable
securities.
They
also
should
reveal
it
in
their
quarterly
and
annual
earnings
reports
so
that
investors
can
make
___29___
judgments
about
company
performance
and
how
it
compares
with
that
of
industry
peers.
But
most
companies
___30___
believe
that
measuring
customer
value
is
too
difficult
or
costly.
They
continue
to
rely
on
a
centuries-old
accounting
tradition
that
emphasizes
physical
and
financial
assets,
and
neither
income
statements
nor
balance
sheets
offer
much
___31___
into
the
value
of
a
company's
customers.
As
investors
wake
up
to
the
importance
of
customer
value,
however,
many
growth-stage
companies
now
direct
investors'
attention
to
___32___
in
growing
the
value
of
their
customer
base.
Some
public
companies
increasingly
report
various
types
of
customer
value
metrics.
One
of
the
UK's
top
energy
suppliers
E.ON,
___33___,
reports
year-over-year
customer
counts
in
its
financial
report.
"As
a
customer-focused
company,"
E.ON
noted,
"we
see
customer
value
as
crucial
to
our
success."
This
is
a
start,
but
because
there
are
no
customer-value
reporting
standards
or
requirements,
investors
still
have
a(n)
___34___
picture.
The
minority
of
companies
that
do
provide
customer
value
information
decide
for
themselves
what
to
disclose.
___35___,
firms
may
calculate
customer
metrics
differently
or
change
them
to
tell
a
desired
story,
or
simply
stop
reporting
them
if
they
fail
to
go
with
the
company's
preferred
narrative.
21.
A.
item
B.
version
C.
term
D.
definition
22.
A.
persuading
B.
consulting
C.
acquiring
D.
inspecting
23.
A.
remarking
B.
concentrating
C.
commenting
D.
operating
24.
A.
resist
B.
increase
C.
intensify
D.
maintain
25.
A.
raise
B.
adopt
C.
calculate
D.
destroy
26.
A.
income
B.
experience
C.
productivity
D.
demand
27.
A.
separate
B.
substitute
C.
forbid
D.
combine
28.
A.
appeal
to
B.
rely
on
C.
put
down
D.
scare
off
29.
A.
informed
B.
subjective
C.
definitive
D.
independent
30.
A.
fully
B.
hardly
C.
readily
D.
wrongly
31.
A.
ambition
B.
devotion
C.
possibility
D.
visibility
32.
A.
sacrifice
B.
success
C.
prejudice
D.
expense
33.
A.
as
a
result
B.
for
example
C.
on
the
contrary
D.
in
general
34
A.
incomplete
B.
depressing
C.
convincing
D.
vivid
35.
A.
Instead
B.
Besides
C.
Otherwise
D.
Therefore
Section
B
Directions:
Read
the
following
two
passage.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
several
questions
or
unfinished
statements.
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Choose
the
one
that
fits
best
according
to
the
information
given
in
the
passage
you
have
just
read.
A
Papa,
as
a
son
of
a
dirt-poor
farmer,
left
school
early
and
went
to
work
in
a
factory,
for
education
was
for
the
rich
then.
So,
the
world
became
his
school.
With
great
interest,
he
read
everything
he
could
lay
his
hands
on,
listened
to
the
town
elders
and
learned
about
the
world
beyond
his
tiny
hometown.
"There's
so
much
to
learn,"
he'd
say.
"Though
we're
born
stupid,
only
the
stupid
remain
that
way."
He
was
determined
that
none
of
his
children
would
be
denied
an
education.
Thus,
Papa
insisted
that
we
learn
at
least
one
new
thing
each
day.
Though,
as
children,
we
thought
this
was
crazy,
it
would
never
have
occurred
to
us
to
deny
Papa
a
request.
And
dinner
time
seemed
perfect
for
sharing
what
we
had
learned.
We
would
talk
about
the
news
of
the
day;
no
matter
how
insignificant,
it
was
never
taken
lightly.
Papa
would
listen
carefully
and
was
ready
with
some
comment,
always
to
the
point.
Then
came
the
moment—the
time
to
share
the
day's
new
learning.
Papa,
at
the
head
of
the
table,
would
push
back
his
chair
and
pour
a
glass
of
red
wine,
ready
to
listen.
"Felice,"
he'd
say,
"tell
me
what
you
learned
today."
"I
learned
that
the
population
of
Nepal
is
..."
Silence.
Papa
was
thinking
about
what
was
said,
as
if
the
salvation
of
the
world
would
depend
upon
it.
"The
population
of
Nepal.
Hmm.
Well
..."
he'd
say.
"Get
the
map;
let's
see
where
Nepal
is."
And
the
whole
family
went
on
a
search
for
Nepal.
This
same
experience
was
repeated
until
each
family
member
had
a
turn.
Dinner
ended
only
after
we
had
a
clear
understanding
of
at
least
half
a
dozen
such
facts.
As
children,
we
thought
very
little
about
these
educational
wonders.
Our
family,
however,
was
growing
together,
sharing
experiences
and
participating
in
one
another's
education.
And
by
looking
at
us,
listening
to
us,
respecting
out
input,
affirming
our
value,
giving
us
a
sense
of
dignity,
Papa
was
unquestionably
our
most
influential
teacher.
Later
during
my
training
as
a
future
teacher,
I
studied
with
some
of
the
most
famous
educators.
They
were
imparting
what
Papa
had
known
all
along
-
the
value
of
continual
learning.
His
technique
has
served
me
well
all
my
life.
Not
a
single
day
has
been
wasted,
though
I
can
never
tell
when
knowing
the
population
of
Nepal
might
prove
useful.
36.
What
do
we
know
from
the
first
paragraph?
A.
The
poor
could
hardly
afford
school
education.
B.
Those
born
stupid
could
not
change
their
life.
C.
The
town
elders
wanted
to
learn
about
the
world.
D.
The
author's
father
was
born
in
a
worker's
family.
37.
The
underlined
word
"it"
in
the
second
paragraph
refers
to
"________"
A.
one
new
thing
B.
a
request
C.
some
comment
D.
the
news
38.
It
can
be
learned
from
the
passage
that
the
author
________.
A.
enjoyed
talking
about
news
B.
knew
very
well
about
Nepal
C.
appreciated
his
father's
educational
technique
D.
felt
regret
about
those
wasted
days
39.
What
is
the
greatest
value
of
"dinner
time"
to
the
author?
A.
Showing
talents
B.
Continual
learning
C.
Family
get-together
D.
Winning
Papa's
approval
B
Up-skilling
is
the
future
-
but
it
must
work
for
everyone
Automation
and
job
replacement
will
be
one
of
the
most
significant
challenges
for
the
global
economy
of
the
coming
decades.
A
2017
Mckinsey
report
established
that
375
million
workers
will
need
to
switch
occupational
categories
by
2030.
The
World
Economic
Forum
suggests
that
by
2022,
automation
will
replace
75
million
jobs
globally
-
but
create
133
million
new
ones.
Research
into
the
likelihood
that
a
job
will
be
impacted
by
digitization
has
largely
focused
on
the
"auto-matability"
of
the
role
and
the
following
economic
regional
and
political
effects
of
this.
What
this
research
doesn't
take
into
account
is
something
more
important
for
the
millions
of
taxi
drivers
and
retail
workers
across
the
globe:
their
likelihood
of
being
able
to
change
to
another
job
that
isn't
automatable.
Recent
research
suggests
that
the
answer
to
this
may
be
that
the
skills
that
enable
workers
to
move
up
the
ladder
to
more
complex
roles
within
their
current
areas
might
be
less
important
than
broader
skills
that
will
enable
workers
to
change
across
divisions.
In
July,
Amazon
announced
that
it
would
spend
$700
million
retraining
around
30%
of
its
300,000
US
workforce.
While
praiseworthy,
it
will
be
interesting
to
see
the
outcome.
In
the
UK,
the
National
Retraining
Scheme
has
largely
been
led
by
employers,
meaning
that
those
on
zero-hours
contracts
and
part-time
workers
-
often
low-skilled
---
will
miss
out.
Governance
will
be
a
crucial
element
of
ensuring
that
such
schemes
focus
on
individuals
and
life-long
learning,
rather
than
upskilling
workers
into
roles
that
will
soon
also
face
automation.
According
to
the
Mckinsey
report,
"growing
awareness
of
the
scale
of
the
task
ahead
has
yet
to
translate
into
action.
Public
spending
on
labour-force
training
and
support
has
fallen
for
years
in
most
member
countries
of
the
Organization
for
Economic
Co-Operation
and
Development,"
which
impacts
more
than
just
the
low-skilled.
The
global
impact
of
automation
is
also
put
into
relief
by
research
demonstrating
that,
between
1988
and
2015,
income
inequality
increased
throughout
the
world.
Billions
of
people
do
not
have
the
essentials
of
life
as
defined
by
the
UN
Sustainable
Development
goals.
Alongside
climate
change,
automation
is
arguably
tech's
biggest
challenge.
As
with
globalization,
governments
and
employers
--
and
us
workers
--
ignore
its
potential
consequences
at
risk
to
ourselves.
40.
It
can
be
known
from
Paragraph
2
that
________.
A.
recent
research
has
found
ways
to
face
automation
B.
broad
skills
are
of
great
significance
in
changing
jobs
C.
regional
economy
can
affect
the
automatability
of
a
job
D.
it
is
even
harder
for
workers
to
move
up
the
social
ladder
41.
What
is
the
author's
attitude
towards
retraining
programs?
A.
Supportive.
B.
Critical
C.
Doubtful
D.
Sympathetic
42.
According
to
the
author
what
is
one
consequence
of
automation?
A.
Less
spending
on
training
B.
A
slowdown
of
globalization
C.
Social
unrest
and
instability.
D.
An
increase
in
income
inequality
43
The
passage
is
written
to
________
A.
argue
the
urgency
of
creating
new
jobs
B.
compare
globalization
with
automation
C.
analyze
the
automatability
of
certain
jobs
D.
stress
the
important
of
upskilling
workers
Section
C
Directions:
Read
the
passage
carefully.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
a
proper
sentence
given
in
the
box.
Each
sentence
can
be
used
only
once.
Note
that
there
are
two
more
sentences
than
you
need.
The
Buy
Nothing
Movement
Social
media,
magazines
and
shop
windows
bombard
people
daily
with
things
to
buy,
and
British
consumers
are
buying
more
clothes
than
ever
before.
The
average
person
spends
more
than
?1,000
on
new
clothes
a
year,
which
might
not
sound
like
much.
________44________
A
lot
of
consumer
spending
is
by
means
of
credit
cards.
British
people
currently
owe
about
?670
per
adult
to
credit
card
companies.
Also,
people
are
spending
money
they
haven't
earned
to
buy
things
they
don't
need.
Britain
throws
away
300,000
tons
of
clothing
a
year,
most
of
which
goes
into
landfill
sites.
People
might
not
realize
the
problems
because
they
donate
their
unwanted
clothes
to
charities.
But
charity
shops
can't
sell
all
those
unwanted
clothes.
A
lot
of
clothes
that
charities
can't
sell
are
sent
abroad,
causing
even
more
economic
and
environmental
problems.
________45________
The
idea
originated
in
Canada
in
the
early
1990s
and
then
moved
to
the
US.
On
Buy
Nothing
Day
people
organize
various
types
of
protests
and
cut
up
their
credit
cards.
Throughout
the
year,
Buy
Nothing
groups
organize
the
exchange
and
repair
of
items
they
already
own.
The
trend
has
now
reached
influencers
on
social
media
who
now
encourage
their
viewers
not
to
buy
anything
at
all
of
for
periods
as
long
as
a
year.
Two
friends
in
Canada
spent
a
year
working
towards
buying
only
food.
For
the
first
three
months
they
learned
how
to
live
without
buying
electrical
goods,
clothes
or
things
for
the
house.
For
the
next
stage,
they
gave
up
services,
for
example,
haircuts,
eating
out
or
buying
petrol
for
their
cars.
________46________.
The
changes
they
made
meant
two
fewer
cars
on
the
roads,
a
reduction
in
plastic
and
paper
packaging
and
a
positive
impact
on
the
environment
from
all
the
energy
saved.
________47________
But
even
if
you
can't
manage
a
full
year
without
going
shopping,
you
can
participate
in
the
anti-consumerist
movement
by
refusing
to
buy
things
you
don't
need.
A.
In
one
year,
they'd
saved
$55,000.
B.
If
everyone
followed
a
similar
plan,
the
results
would
be
impressive.
C.
Online
shopping
means
it
is
easy
for
customers
to
buy
without
thinking.
D.
Second-hand
clothes
are
often
of
too
poor
quality
to
recycle
in
charity
shops.
E.
But
that
figure
hides
two
far
more
worrying
trends
for
society
and
for
the
environment
F.
However,
a
different
trend
arises
in
opposition
to
consumerism
-
the
'buy
nothing'
trend.
第II卷
I.
Translation
Directions:
Translate
the
following
sentences
into
English,
using
the
words
given
in
the
brackets.
48.
你读的书越多，就对你越有好处。(the
more,
the
more)
(汉译英）
49.
他不能胜任这项工作，这使得他的老板很失望。(qualified)
(汉译英）
50.
即使他已经意识到达目标是困难的，他也没中途放弃。(even
though)
(汉译英）
51.
根据他脸上的表情来判断，他在面试中一定表现得很出色。(judge)
(汉译英）
52.
我看来，学习英语时，尽可能多地运用它比仅仅背单词更有效。(better)
(汉译英）
VI.
Guided
Writing
53.
Directions:Write
an
English
composition
in
120-150
words
according
to
the
instructions
given
below
in
Chinese.
为迎接校庆，学校将举行班级集体舞比赛
(group
dancing
competition)，班长希望大家积极参加。请谈谈你是否会参加比赛以及你做出该决定具体理由。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________上海市洋泾中学2020学年度第一学期
高二英语期中考试试卷
II.
Grammar
and
Vocabulary
Section
A
Directions:
After
reading
the
passage
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passages
coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For
the
blanks
with
a
given
word,
fill
in
each
blank
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
word;
for
the
other
blanks,
use
one
word
that
best
fits
each
blank.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How
Running
Helped
Me
Turn
My
Life
Around
I've
never
been
an
athlete.
In
my
twenties,
I
went
for
an
occasional
yoga
class,
but
that
was
really
the
summary
of
all
my
athletic
accomplishments.
That
was
until
the
end
of
2016,
___1___
I
was
unexpectedly
laid
off.
I
was
feeling
quite
depressed
but
pushed
myself
to
go
and
cheer
for
the
TCS
NYC
Marathon
runners
as
the
course
was
going
through
our
neighborhood.
However,
while
___2___
(be)
there,
I
got
lots
of
energy
from
all
the
runners,
smiling
and
applauding.
Not
a
runner
myself,
I
thought
maybe
I
___3___
give
running
a
try
just
to
use
my
neglected
gym
membership
and
see
where
it
takes
me.
And
so
I
tried.
I
went
to
my
local
gym
the
next
morning
and
got
on
a
treadmill（跑步机）.
I
was
out
of
breath
my
minute
five,
but
I
slowed
down,
___4___
(walk)
for
a
bit
and
then
restarted.
I
came
back
the
next
day,
hoping
to
last
a
few
minutes
___5___
(long).
By
the
end
of
two
weeks,
I
could
run
for
30
minutes,
which
was
a
huge
success.
While
I
saw
my
body
starting
to
look
more
toned,
I
also
noticed
my
negative
thoughts
didn't
occur
that
frequently.
And
it
sparked
a
thought
--
what
if
I
could
set
a
running
goal
and
sign
up
for
my
first
-
ever
race?
I
did
and
races
became
a
new
hobby.
___6___
the
meantime,
I
was
able
to
acquire
a
few
freelance（自由职业的）projects.
They
offered
me
a
good
income,
and,
most
importantly,
the
time
___7___
(work)
out
for
the
big
race.
Also,
when
I
was
going
for
interviews,
I
started
to
feel
very
confident
of
my
abilities,
experience
and
skills.
I
got
my
full-time
job
offer
at
my
dream
company
just
a
couple
of
weeks
before
the
half
marathon.
___8___
I
got
an
injury
from
over-training
right
before
the
race,
I
still
went
for
it
and
still
finished
within
my
___9___
(expect)
time.
I
still
have
a
long
running
journey
ahead
of
me
--
I'd
love
to
work
on
my
speed,
my
technique
and
I
dream
of
running
a
marathon
outside
of
the
US.
Running
gives
me
faith
____10____
I
can
do
anything
I
set
my
mind
to.
【答案】1.
when
2.
being
3.
could
4.
walked
5.
longer
6.
In
7.
to
work
8.
Though/
Although
9.
expected
10.
that
【解析】
【分析】
本文一篇记叙文，文章介绍跑步如何改变作者的生活。
【1题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：“直到2016年底，我意外被解雇。”
本句中the
end
of
2016为表示时间的名词，在后面从句中做时间状语，故用when引导定语从句，故填when.
【2题详解】
考查非谓语从句。句意：“然而，在那里，我从所有跑步者那里得到了很多能量，微笑和鼓掌。”本句中主句的主语为I，be和主语形成逻辑的主动关系，故填being。
【3题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：“我自己并不是一个跑步者，我想也许我可以尝试一下跑步，利用被我忽视的健身房会员资格，看看它能给我带来什么。”本句中give一词提示，前面需要一个加动词原形的词，再根据句意和上下文的时态，应用情态动词could
.故填could。
【4题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：“我放慢了脚步，走了一会儿，然后又重新开始。”根据slowed,
restarted可知，为三个并列的谓语动词，故填walked。
【5题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：“第二天我又回来了，希望能多呆几分钟”根据上文句意，存在语意上的比较。故填longer。
【6题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：“同时,我能够获得一些自由职业者(自由职业的)项目。”in
the
meanwhile同时为固定的介词短语。故填in。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。
句意：“他们给了我一份不错的收入，而且，最重要的是，我有时间为这场大赛锻炼身体。”根据短语offer
sb
sth
to
do
sth,
提供某人某物去做......事。故填to
work.
【8题详解】
考查让步状语从句。
句意：“虽然我在比赛前因为过度训练而受伤，但我还是坚持了下来，并且在我预期的时间内完成了比赛。”根据句意，应用although
or
though引导让步状语从句。故填
although/though。
【9题详解】
考查形容词变形。句意：“虽然我在比赛前因为过度训练而受伤，但我还是坚持了下来，并且在我预期的时间内完成了比赛。”根据my,
time
可知，本空需要形容词，expect的形容词为expected预期的。故填
expected。
【10题详解】
考查同位语从句。
句意：“跑步给了我信心，我可以做任何我决心做的事情”本句是对faith的具体解释，句意和结构完整，用that引导同位语从句，故填that。
【点睛】根据周围提示词解题，是语法填空题的做题技巧，例如第9空，根据my,
time提示，需要形容词修饰。所以考生可以根据周围的提示词和基本的语法规则判断所需答案。
Section
B
Directions:
Fill
in
each
blank
with
a
proper
word
chosen
from
the
box.
Each
word
can
only
be
used
once.
Note
that
there
is
one
word
more
than
you
need.
A.
tightly
B.
round
C.
stuck
D.
spirits
E.
encouraging
F.
desperately
G.
strengths
H.
frustrating
I.
clapped
J.
arrest
K.
collapsed
Italians
Find
“Moments
of
Joy
in
this
Moment
of
Anxiety”
It
started
with
the
national
anthem.
Then
came
the
piano
chords,
trumpet
blasts,
violin
serenades（小夜曲）and
even
the
clanging
of
pots
and
pans
—
all
of
its
spilling
from
people's
homes,
out
of
windows
and
from
balconies.
Finally,
on
Saturday
afternoon,
a
nationwide
___11___
of
applause
broke
out
for
the
doctors
on
the
medical
front
lines
fighting
the
spread
of
Europe's
worst
coronavirus
outbreak.
Italians
remain
essentially
under
house
___12___
as
the
nation,
the
European
front
in
the
global
fight
against
the
coronavirus,
has
ordered
extraordinary
restrictions
on
their
movement
to
prevent
infection.
But
the
music
and
noise
erupting
over
the
streets,
from
people
___13___
in
their
homes,
reflects
the
spirit
and
humor
of
a
nation
facing
its
worst
national
emergency
since
the
Second
World
War.
It
has
also
demonstrated
the
___14___
of
those
national
characters.
In
China
patriotic
truck
drivers
risked
infection
to
bring
___15___
needed
food
to
the
people
of
Wuhan,
the
center
of
the
outbreak.
In
Iran,
videos
show
doctors
in
masks
dancing
to
keep
___16___
up.
And
in
Italy,
the
gestures
of
gratitude
and
music
ring
out
above
the
country's
empty
streets,
while
social
media
feeds
are
filled
with
___17___,
touching
and
humorous
web
videos.
Images
of
nurses
who
___18___
from
exhaustion
or
their
faces
bruised（使受淤伤）from
___19___
sealed
masks
have
also
spread
across
the
web
in
recent
days.
Parents
posted
pictures
of
unicorns
and
rainbows
drawn
by
young
children
with
the
title
"It
will
all
be
OK."
"We're
Italians,
and
loving
singing
is
part
of
our
culture"
said
Giorgio
Albertini
51,
an
archaeology
professor
who
_____20_____
from
his
apartment
balcony
in
the
university
district
of
Milan,
calling
it
a
way
'to
feel
a
community,
and
to
have
the
collective
grief".
【答案】11.
B
12.
J
13.
C
14.
G
15.
F
16.
D
17.
E
18.
K
19.
A
20.
I
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了意大利人在抗疫的焦虑时刻，通过音乐找到了快乐，以积极心态面对疫情。
【11题详解】
考查名词。句意：最后，在周六下午，全国范围内爆发了一阵热烈的掌声，送给医疗一线的医生们，他们抗击着欧洲最严重的冠状病毒疫情的蔓延。a
nationwide
___1___
of
applause是名词所有格，此空用名词形式，固定搭配a
round
of（一连串的、一场），名词round（轮次、场）符合句意。故选B项。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：意大利人基本上仍然居家，作为全球抗击冠状病毒的欧洲阵线，国家已经下令对意大利人的行动进行特别限制，以防止感染。此处用名词作介词under的宾语，固定搭配house
arrest
（软禁、居家），名词arrest符合句意。故选J项。
【13题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：但是，街道上爆发的音乐和噪音，来自被困在家中的人们，反映了一个国家面对二战以来最严重的国家紧急情况的精神和幽默。分析句子可知，此处用过去分词作名词people的后置定语，过去分词stuck（困住）符合句意。故选C项。
【14题详解】
考查名词。句意：它也展示了这些民族性格的长处。the
___4___
of
those
national
characters是名词所有格，此空用名词形式，名词strengths（长处）符合句意。故选G项。
【15题详解】
考查副词。句意：在中国，爱国的卡车司机冒着感染的危险给武汉疫情中心的人民带来急需的食物。此处用副词作状语修饰过去分词needed（此处用作形容词），副词desperately（极度地）符合句意。故选F项。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：在伊朗，视频显示医生戴着口罩跳舞以保持精神向上。此处用名词作动词keep的宾语，名词spirits（精神）符合句意。故选D项。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在意大利，感激的手势和音乐响彻了这个国家的空旷街道，而社交媒体的订阅则充斥着鼓励、感人和幽默的网络视频。由后面的形容词touching和humorous可知，此处用形容词作定语修饰名词短语web
videos，形容词encouraging（鼓舞人心的）符合句意。故选E项。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：最近几天，护士们因疲惫而倒下或脸上戴着密封的口罩擦伤的照片也在网上流传开来。此处是who引导的定语从句，从句缺少谓语动词，动词collapsed（倒下、昏倒）符合句意。故选K项。
【19题详解】
考查副词。句意：最近几天，护士们因疲惫而倒下或脸上戴着密封的口罩擦伤的照片也在网上流传开来。此处用副词作状语修饰过去分词sealed（此处用作形容词），副词tightly（紧紧地）符合句意。故选A项。
【20题详解】
考查动词。句意：“我们是意大利人，热爱歌唱是我们文化的一部分，”51岁的考古学教授Giorgio
Albertini说，他在米兰大学区的公寓阳台上鼓掌，称这是一种“感受一个社区，感受集体悲痛”的方式。此处是who引导的定语从句，从句缺少谓语动词，动词clapped（鼓掌）符合句意。故选I项。
III.
Reading
Comprehensions
Section
A
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage,
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
The
true
purpose
of
a
business,
Peter
Drucker
said,
is
to
create
and
keep
customers.
"Customer
value"
has
several
definitions.
I
use
the
___21___
to
mean
the
total
lifetime
value
of
a
company's
customer
base.
Companies
can
increase
this
value
by
___22___
more
customers,
earning
more
business
from
existing
ones,
keeping
them
longer,
making
their
experience
simpler
through
digital
improvements
and
so
on.
Visionary
leaders
have
long
understood
the
importance
of
___23___
on
customer
value
rather
than
pursuing
short-term
profits
or
quarterly
earnings,
and
they've
become
enduring
customer
loyalty
leaders
in
the
process.
It's
worth
noting
that
a
number
of
loyalty-leading
companies
are
able
to
___24___
shareholder
pressure,
or
avoid
it
altogether.
Companies
can
___25___
customer
value
in
a
variety
of
ways:
To
increase
___26___,
software
companies
sometimes
charge
corporate
customers
change
fees
that
can
raise
the
total
cost
of
ownership
to
as
much
as
three
times
the
original
price.
To
reduce
operating
costs,
restaurant
chains
sometimes
___27___
frozen
and
precooked
ingredients
in
place
of
fresh
and
made-to-order
food.
The
resulting
profits
may
look
good
on
the
income
statement.
Such
strategies
may
even
lead
to
short-term
earnings
growth.
But
they
also
___28___
potential
customers
and
encourage
disloyalty.
Given
the
importance
of
customer
value,
leaders
should
track
it
as
much
as
they
track
other
key
assets,
such
as
buildings,
machinery,
and
marketable
securities.
They
also
should
reveal
it
in
their
quarterly
and
annual
earnings
reports
so
that
investors
can
make
___29___
judgments
about
company
performance
and
how
it
compares
with
that
of
industry
peers.
But
most
companies
___30___
believe
that
measuring
customer
value
is
too
difficult
or
costly.
They
continue
to
rely
on
a
centuries-old
accounting
tradition
that
emphasizes
physical
and
financial
assets,
and
neither
income
statements
nor
balance
sheets
offer
much
___31___
into
the
value
of
a
company's
customers.
As
investors
wake
up
to
the
importance
of
customer
value,
however,
many
growth-stage
companies
now
direct
investors'
attention
to
___32___
in
growing
the
value
of
their
customer
base.
Some
public
companies
increasingly
report
various
types
of
customer
value
metrics.
One
of
the
UK's
top
energy
suppliers
E.ON,
___33___,
reports
year-over-year
customer
counts
in
its
financial
report.
"As
a
customer-focused
company,"
E.ON
noted,
"we
see
customer
value
as
crucial
to
our
success."
This
is
a
start,
but
because
there
are
no
customer-value
reporting
standards
or
requirements,
investors
still
have
a(n)
___34___
picture.
The
minority
of
companies
that
do
provide
customer
value
information
decide
for
themselves
what
to
disclose.
___35___,
firms
may
calculate
customer
metrics
differently
or
change
them
to
tell
a
desired
story,
or
simply
stop
reporting
them
if
they
fail
to
go
with
the
company's
preferred
narrative.
21.
A.
item
B.
version
C.
term
D.
definition
22.
A.
persuading
B.
consulting
C.
acquiring
D.
inspecting
23.
A.
remarking
B.
concentrating
C.
commenting
D.
operating
24.
A.
resist
B.
increase
C.
intensify
D.
maintain
25.
A.
raise
B.
adopt
C.
calculate
D.
destroy
26.
A.
income
B.
experience
C.
productivity
D.
demand
27.
A.
separate
B.
substitute
C.
forbid
D.
combine
28.
A.
appeal
to
B.
rely
on
C.
put
down
D.
scare
off
29.
A.
informed
B.
subjective
C.
definitive
D.
independent
30.
A.
fully
B.
hardly
C.
readily
D.
wrongly
31.
A.
ambition
B.
devotion
C.
possibility
D.
visibility
32.
A.
sacrifice
B.
success
C.
prejudice
D.
expense
33.
A.
as
a
result
B.
for
example
C.
on
the
contrary
D.
in
general
34.
A.
incomplete
B.
depressing
C.
convincing
D.
vivid
35.
A.
Instead
B.
Besides
C.
Otherwise
D.
Therefore
【答案】21.
C
22.
C
23.
D
24.
A
25.
D
26.
A
27.
B
28.
D
29.
A
30.
D
31.
D
32.
B
33.
B
34.
A
35.
B
【解析】
本题是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了顾客价值对于公司发展的重大意义，作者认为公司应该重视客户价值，因为它不仅能提高利润，而且能够持久地提高公司的可信度。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我使用的这个术语指的是一个公司客户群的整个生命周期价值。A.
item项；B.
version版本；C.
term术语；D.
definition定义。该空上一句提及的“customer
value（顾客价值）”是一个术语。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司通过提高这种价值来赢得更多客户。A.
persuading说服；B.
consulting咨询；C.
acquiring获得；D.
inspecting视察，观察。通过“earning
more
business
from
existing
ones”（从现有的客户里赚取更多的利润），可以判断出获得更多客户才有更多利润。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，远见卓识的领导者都明白运营客户价值的重要性，而不是追求短期利润或季度收益，在这个过程中，他们已经成为持久的客户忠诚度领导者。A.
remarking评论；B.
concentrating集中；C.
commenting评论；D.
operating运营，操作。结合后文“on
customer
value”可知此处指运营客户价值，应用operate。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：值得注意的是有许多把客户忠诚度看得重的公司能够抵御股东压力。A.
resist抵抗；B.
increase增加；C.
intensify加强；D.
maintain维持。根据后句的“or
avoid
it
altogether”（或者可以一同抵御它们），可以判断该空与后面的句子在语义上表达的同一个意思，即抵御风险。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在很多方式上，公司也可能破坏了顾客价值。A.
raise提出；B.
adopt采纳，收养；C.
calculate计算；D.
destroy破坏。通过该段后文的“Such
strategies
may
even
lead
to
short-term
earnings
growth.
But
they…”（如此策略甚至会导致短期的收益增长，但是……）从这句可以判断出，短期策略对公司长久发展是不利。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了提高收入，计算机公司有时向公司顾客征收公司所有权变更费，高达原始费用3倍之多。A.
income收入；B.
experience经历，经验；C.
productivity生产力；D.
demand要求。通过该段后文的“The
resulting
profits
may
look
good
on
the
income
statement.”（
结果从收入账单上看，最后收益看起来还不错）。可以看出，公司采取这些策略的目的是提高收益，减少成本。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了减少运营成本，一些连锁餐馆有时会用速冻或预加工食材而不是新鲜的、定制的食物。A.
separate分隔；B.
substitute代替；C.
forbid禁止；D.
combine组合。该句上提及“To
reduce
operating
costs”（为了减少运营成本），可以判断出公司会采取手段来缩减运营成本，用速冻或预加工产品代替新鲜定制的食物会提升餐馆运营效率，从而提高营业额。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们会把潜在客户吓跑并助长客户“不忠”。A.
appeal
to对……有吸引力；B.
rely
on依靠；C.
put
down放下；D.
scare
off吓跑。该空前一句提及“Such
strategies
may
even
lead
to
short-term
earnings
growth.”（如此策略甚至会得到短期收入增长），但话锋一转，作者使用了but，可以推断出其实这种做法并不是最可靠有效的，甚至是吓跑潜在客户群。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：投资者可以对公司的业绩表现有一个清晰的评判。A.
informed了解情况的；B.
subjective主观的；C.
definitive确信的；D.
independent独立自主的。下文提及公司应该公开一些报表数据，从消费者角度就可以得到更多信息从而客观评价公司的业绩了。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但大多数公司错误地认为衡量顾客价值是一项困难且开销大的事情。A.
fully彻底地；B.
hardly艰难地；C.
readily毫不犹豫，迅速地；D.
wrongly错误地。该空前面的but可以推断出，在现实当中，大多数公司并没有像文章中那样做，而是理所当然认为衡量顾客价值的方法不可取。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：收入账单及结余账单都无法充足地提供关于公司客户价值数据。A.
ambition野心；B.
devotion奉献；C.
possibility可能性；D.
visibility可见。因为上文提及好多公司并没有恒量顾客价值，自然也就没有可看得到的相关数据。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，许多公司都将注意力转移到如何成功提高客户群的价值上面。A.
sacrifice牺牲；B.
success成功；C.
prejudice偏见；D.
expense花费。上文提及虽然有很多公司开始考虑顾客价值这一问题，但是还是有很多公司没有考虑到如何成功提升客户群价值。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，英国顶尖的能源供应商（E.ON），每年都会在财务报道中纰漏其客户人头。A.
as
a
result因此；B.
for
example例如；C.
on
the
contrary恰相反；D.
in
general大体上。作者在这里以英国能源供应商的实际例子来支撑客户价值意义这一观点。故选B。
34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：投资者并没有一个完整的图景（整体情况）。A.
incomplete不完整的；B.
depressing沮丧的，萧条的；C.
convincing有说服力的；D.
vivid栩栩如生的。前文提及“This
is
a
start,
but
because
there
are
no
customer-value
reporting
standards
or
requirements”（这才是开始，没有客户价值体系标准及要求）可以判断，在这一“客户价值”问题还有许多事情亟待完善，所以对于投资者来说，图景是不完整的。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，公司统计客户价值指标也各不相同，也会改变指标编造一个想得到的故事。A.
Instead相反；B.
Besides此外；C.
Otherwise否则；D.
Therefore因此。该空前后提及的两种情况是递进关系，所以使用“此外”较为合适。故选B。
Section
B
Directions:
Read
the
following
two
passage.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
several
questions
or
unfinished
statements.
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Choose
the
one
that
fits
best
according
to
the
information
given
in
the
passage
you
have
just
read.
A
Papa,
as
a
son
of
a
dirt-poor
farmer,
left
school
early
and
went
to
work
in
a
factory,
for
education
was
for
the
rich
then.
So,
the
world
became
his
school.
With
great
interest,
he
read
everything
he
could
lay
his
hands
on,
listened
to
the
town
elders
and
learned
about
the
world
beyond
his
tiny
hometown.
"There's
so
much
to
learn,"
he'd
say.
"Though
we're
born
stupid,
only
the
stupid
remain
that
way."
He
was
determined
that
none
of
his
children
would
be
denied
an
education.
Thus,
Papa
insisted
that
we
learn
at
least
one
new
thing
each
day.
Though,
as
children,
we
thought
this
was
crazy,
it
would
never
have
occurred
to
us
to
deny
Papa
a
request.
And
dinner
time
seemed
perfect
for
sharing
what
we
had
learned.
We
would
talk
about
the
news
of
the
day;
no
matter
how
insignificant,
it
was
never
taken
lightly.
Papa
would
listen
carefully
and
was
ready
with
some
comment,
always
to
the
point.
Then
came
the
moment—the
time
to
share
the
day's
new
learning.
Papa,
at
the
head
of
the
table,
would
push
back
his
chair
and
pour
a
glass
of
red
wine,
ready
to
listen.
"Felice,"
he'd
say,
"tell
me
what
you
learned
today."
"I
learned
that
the
population
of
Nepal
is
..."
Silence.
Papa
was
thinking
about
what
was
said,
as
if
the
salvation
of
the
world
would
depend
upon
it.
"The
population
of
Nepal.
Hmm.
Well
..."
he'd
say.
"Get
the
map;
let's
see
where
Nepal
is."
And
the
whole
family
went
on
a
search
for
Nepal.
This
same
experience
was
repeated
until
each
family
member
had
a
turn.
Dinner
ended
only
after
we
had
a
clear
understanding
of
at
least
half
a
dozen
such
facts.
As
children,
we
thought
very
little
about
these
educational
wonders.
Our
family,
however,
was
growing
together,
sharing
experiences
and
participating
in
one
another's
education.
And
by
looking
at
us,
listening
to
us,
respecting
out
input,
affirming
our
value,
giving
us
a
sense
of
dignity,
Papa
was
unquestionably
our
most
influential
teacher.
Later
during
my
training
as
a
future
teacher,
I
studied
with
some
of
the
most
famous
educators.
They
were
imparting
what
Papa
had
known
all
along
-
the
value
of
continual
learning.
His
technique
has
served
me
well
all
my
life.
Not
a
single
day
has
been
wasted,
though
I
can
never
tell
when
knowing
the
population
of
Nepal
might
prove
useful.
36.
What
do
we
know
from
the
first
paragraph?
A.
The
poor
could
hardly
afford
school
education.
B.
Those
born
stupid
could
not
change
their
life.
C.
The
town
elders
wanted
to
learn
about
the
world.
D.
The
author's
father
was
born
in
a
worker's
family.
37.
The
underlined
word
"it"
in
the
second
paragraph
refers
to
"________"
A.
one
new
thing
B.
a
request
C.
some
comment
D.
the
news
38.
It
can
be
learned
from
the
passage
that
the
author
________.
A.
enjoyed
talking
about
news
B.
knew
very
well
about
Nepal
C
appreciated
his
father's
educational
technique
D.
felt
regret
about
those
wasted
days
39.
What
is
the
greatest
value
of
"dinner
time"
to
the
author?
A.
Showing
talents
B.
Continual
learning
C.
Family
get-together
D.
Winning
Papa's
approval
【答案】36.
A
37.
D
38.
C
39.
B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者的父亲由于贫穷无法读书，但是他对学习很重视，要求自己的孩子每天都要学习新知识，强调持续学习。表达了作者对于父亲的敬爱。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Papa,
as
a
son
of
a
dirt-poor
farmer,
left
school
early
and
went
to
work
in
a
factory,
for
education
was
for
the
rich
then.(爸爸是一个赤贫农民儿子，他很早就离开了学校，到一家工厂工作，因为那时教育是富人的事)”可知，穷人几乎负担不起学校教育。故选
A。
【37题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“We
would
talk
about
the
news
of
the
day;
no
matter
how
insignificant”可知我们会谈论一天的新闻，不论这新闻重要与否，都不会掉以轻心。可知，it
指代的是上文的news，故选D。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Later
during
my
training
as
a
future
teacher,
I
studied
with
some
of
the
most
famous
educators.
They
were
imparting
what
Papa
had
known
all
along—the
value
of
continual
learning.
His
technique
has
served
me
well
all
my
life.(后来，在我接受培训成为一名未来的教师期间，我师从了一些最著名的教育家。他们在传授爸爸一直都知道的东西——持续学习的价值。他的技术使我受益终生)”可推知，作者很欣赏他父亲的教育技巧。故选C。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They
were
imparting
what
Papa
had
known
all
along—the
value
of
continual
learning.His
technique
has
served
me
well
all
my
life.(他们在传授爸爸一直都知道的东西——持续学习的价值。他的技术使我受益终生)”结合上文讲述父亲每天都让孩子们讨论当天所发生的重大事情，以此来让孩子每天都学到新的知识，这样的讨论都是在吃饭的时候进行的，由此可推知“dinner
time”对作者最大的价值是持续学习。故选B。
B
Up-skilling
is
the
future
-
but
it
must
work
for
everyone
Automation
and
job
replacement
will
be
one
of
the
most
significant
challenges
for
the
global
economy
of
the
coming
decades.
A
2017
Mckinsey
report
established
that
375
million
workers
will
need
to
switch
occupational
categories
by
2030.
The
World
Economic
Forum
suggests
that
by
2022,
automation
will
replace
75
million
jobs
globally
-
but
create
133
million
new
ones.
Research
into
the
likelihood
that
a
job
will
be
impacted
by
digitization
has
largely
focused
on
the
"auto-matability"
of
the
role
and
the
following
economic
regional
and
political
effects
of
this.
What
this
research
doesn't
take
into
account
is
something
more
important
for
the
millions
of
taxi
drivers
and
retail
workers
across
the
globe:
their
likelihood
of
being
able
to
change
to
another
job
that
isn't
automatable.
Recent
research
suggests
that
the
answer
to
this
may
be
that
the
skills
that
enable
workers
to
move
up
the
ladder
to
more
complex
roles
within
their
current
areas
might
be
less
important
than
broader
skills
that
will
enable
workers
to
change
across
divisions.
In
July,
Amazon
announced
that
it
would
spend
$700
million
retraining
around
30%
of
its
300,000
US
workforce.
While
praiseworthy,
it
will
be
interesting
to
see
the
outcome.
In
the
UK,
the
National
Retraining
Scheme
has
largely
been
led
by
employers,
meaning
that
those
on
zero-hours
contracts
and
part-time
workers
-
often
low-skilled
---
will
miss
out.
Governance
will
be
a
crucial
element
of
ensuring
that
such
schemes
focus
on
individuals
and
life-long
learning,
rather
than
upskilling
workers
into
roles
that
will
soon
also
face
automation.
According
to
the
Mckinsey
report,
"growing
awareness
of
the
scale
of
the
task
ahead
has
yet
to
translate
into
action.
Public
spending
on
labour-force
training
and
support
has
fallen
for
years
in
most
member
countries
of
the
Organization
for
Economic
Co-Operation
and
Development,"
which
impacts
more
than
just
the
low-skilled.
The
global
impact
of
automation
is
also
put
into
relief
by
research
demonstrating
that,
between
1988
and
2015,
income
inequality
increased
throughout
the
world.
Billions
of
people
do
not
have
the
essentials
of
life
as
defined
by
the
UN
Sustainable
Development
goals.
Alongside
climate
change,
automation
is
arguably
tech's
biggest
challenge.
As
with
globalization,
governments
and
employers
--
and
us
workers
--
ignore
its
potential
consequences
at
risk
to
ourselves.
40.
It
can
be
known
from
Paragraph
2
that
________.
A.
recent
research
has
found
ways
to
face
automation
B.
broad
skills
are
of
great
significance
in
changing
jobs
C.
regional
economy
can
affect
the
automatability
of
a
job
D.
it
is
even
harder
for
workers
to
move
up
the
social
ladder
41.
What
is
the
author's
attitude
towards
retraining
programs?
A.
Supportive.
B.
Critical
C.
Doubtful
D.
Sympathetic
42.
According
to
the
author,
what
is
one
consequence
of
automation?
A.
Less
spending
on
training
B.
A
slowdown
of
globalization
C.
Social
unrest
and
instability.
D.
An
increase
in
income
inequality
43.
The
passage
is
written
to
________
A.
argue
the
urgency
of
creating
new
jobs
B.
compare
globalization
with
automation
C.
analyze
the
automatability
of
certain
jobs
D.
stress
the
important
of
upskilling
workers
【答案】40.
B
41.
C
42.
D
43.
D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自动化和就业替代将是未来几十年全球经济面临的最大挑战之一。而要应对这一趋势，当务之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部门跳槽所需要的广泛技能。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。据第二段中“Recent
research
suggests
that
the
answer
to
this
may
be
that
the
skills
that
enable
workers
to
move
up
the
ladder
to
more
complex
roles
within
their
current
areas
might
be
less
important
than
broader
skills
that
will
enable
workers
to
change
across
divisions.”（最近的研究表明，这个问题的答案可能是，让员工在当前领域晋升到更复杂角色的技能，可能不如让员工提高跨部门跳槽的更广泛的技能重要。）可知，广泛的技能在换工作中具有重要意义。故选B项。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“While
praiseworthy,
it
will
be
interesting
to
see
the
outcome.
In
the
UK,
the
National
Retraining
Scheme
has
largely
been
led
by
employers,
meaning
that
those
on
zero-hours
contracts
and
part-time
workers
-
often
low-skilled
---
will
miss
out.”（虽然值得称赞，但看到结果会很有趣。在英国，国家再培训计划在很大程度上是由雇主主导的，这意味着那些持零工时合同和兼职工人——通常是低技能人才——将被淘汰。）转折的语义以及对再培训计划结果的说明可知，作者对再培训项目持怀疑态度。故选C项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The
global
impact
of
automation
is
also
put
into
relief
by
research
demonstrating
that,
between
1988
and
2015,
income
inequality
increased
throughout
the
world.”（
研究表明，从1988年到2015年，全世界的收入不平等加剧，这也凸显了自动化对全球的影响。）可知，自动化对全球的影响之一就是收入不平等的加剧。故选D项。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Up-skilling
is
the
future
-
but
it
must
work
for
everyone”（
提高技能是未来的趋势——但它必须适用于每个人），结合文章主要说明了自动化和就业替代将是未来几十年全球经济面临的最重大挑战之一，而对应这一趋势，当务之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部门跳槽所需要的广泛技能。文章说明了再培训项目存在的问题，指出自动化是科技面临的最大挑战。由此可以推知，这篇文章是为了强调提高工人技能的重要性。故选D项。
Section
C
Directions:
Read
the
passage
carefully.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
a
proper
sentence
given
in
the
box.
Each
sentence
can
be
used
only
once.
Note
that
there
are
two
more
sentences
than
you
need.
The
Buy
Nothing
Movement
Social
media,
magazines
and
shop
windows
bombard
people
daily
with
things
to
buy,
and
British
consumers
are
buying
more
clothes
than
ever
before.
The
average
person
spends
more
than
?1,000
on
new
clothes
a
year,
which
might
not
sound
like
much.
________44________
A
lot
of
consumer
spending
is
by
means
of
credit
cards.
British
people
currently
owe
about
?670
per
adult
to
credit
card
companies.
Also,
people
are
spending
money
they
haven't
earned
to
buy
things
they
don't
need.
Britain
throws
away
300,000
tons
of
clothing
a
year,
most
of
which
goes
into
landfill
sites.
People
might
not
realize
the
problems
because
they
donate
their
unwanted
clothes
to
charities.
But
charity
shops
can't
sell
all
those
unwanted
clothes.
A
lot
of
clothes
that
charities
can't
sell
are
sent
abroad,
causing
even
more
economic
and
environmental
problems.
________45________
The
idea
originated
in
Canada
in
the
early
1990s
and
then
moved
to
the
US.
On
Buy
Nothing
Day
people
organize
various
types
of
protests
and
cut
up
their
credit
cards.
Throughout
the
year,
Buy
Nothing
groups
organize
the
exchange
and
repair
of
items
they
already
own.
The
trend
has
now
reached
influencers
on
social
media
who
now
encourage
their
viewers
not
to
buy
anything
at
all
of
for
periods
as
long
as
a
year.
Two
friends
in
Canada
spent
a
year
working
towards
buying
only
food.
For
the
first
three
months
they
learned
how
to
live
without
buying
electrical
goods,
clothes
or
things
for
the
house.
For
the
next
stage,
they
gave
up
services,
for
example,
haircuts,
eating
out
or
buying
petrol
for
their
cars.
________46________.
The
changes
they
made
meant
two
fewer
cars
on
the
roads,
a
reduction
in
plastic
and
paper
packaging
and
a
positive
impact
on
the
environment
from
all
the
energy
saved.
________47________
But
even
if
you
can't
manage
a
full
year
without
going
shopping,
you
can
participate
in
the
anti-consumerist
movement
by
refusing
to
buy
things
you
don't
need.
A.
In
one
year,
they'd
saved
$55,000.
B.
If
everyone
followed
a
similar
plan,
the
results
would
be
impressive.
C.
Online
shopping
means
it
is
easy
for
customers
to
buy
without
thinking.
D.
Second-hand
clothes
are
often
of
too
poor
quality
to
recycle
in
charity
shops.
E.
But
that
figure
hides
two
far
more
worrying
trends
for
society
and
for
the
environment
F.
However,
a
different
trend
arises
in
opposition
to
consumerism
-
the
'buy
nothing'
trend.
【答案】44.
E
45.
F
46.
A
47.
B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了英国如今消费者购买了比以往更多地衣服，但是自己并不需要这些衣服的社会现象，同时这一现象也带来了社会和环境方面的担忧。于是社会上有了一种“不买运动”的兴起，介绍了其起源、发展方式和能够产生的积极影响。
【44题详解】
根据上文“The
average
person
spends
more
than
?1,000
on
new
clothes
a
year,
which
might
not
sound
like
much.(英国人平均每年花在新衣服上的钱超过1000英镑，这听起来可能不算多)”以及后文“A
lot
of
consumer
spending
is
by
means
of
credit
cards.
British
people
currently
owe
about
?670
per
adult
to
credit
card
companies.
Also,
people
are
spending
money
they
haven't
earned
to
buy
things
they
don't
need.
Britain
throws
away
300,000
tons
of
clothing
a
year,
most
of
which
goes
into
landfill
sites.(许多消费者是通过信用卡进行消费的。目前，英国人每个成年人欠信用卡公司的钱约为670英镑。同时，人们也在用他们还没挣到的钱去买他们不需要的东西。英国每年扔掉30万吨衣服，其中大部分都进入了垃圾填埋场)”可知，上文提到了人们每年买衣服的具体数字，后文则提到了每年也会有30万吨的衣服进入垃圾站，引发环境问题，可推知，本句提出对上文这个数字的具体说明。且E选项中that
figure指代上文more
than
?1,000。故E选项“但是这个数字隐藏了对社会和环境来说两个更令人担忧的趋势”符合语境，故选E。
【45题详解】
根据下文“The
idea
originated
in
Canada
in
the
early
1990s
and
then
moved
to
the
US.
On
Buy
Nothing
Day
people
organize
various
types
of
protests
and
cut
up
their
credit
cards.
Throughout
the
year,
Buy
Nothing
groups
organize
the
exchange
and
repair
of
items
they
already
own.(上世纪90年代初，这个想法起源于加拿大，然后传到了美国。在‘不买东西日’，人们组织各种形式的抗议活动，并剪掉他们的信用卡。一整年，不买东西的团体组织交换和修理他们已经拥有的物品)”可知，整个段落谈论的是关于“Buy
Nothing
Day”观念的起源和发展方式，故本句为本段第一句，是在提出“Buy
Nothing
Day”观念。故F选项“然而与消费主义相反的另一种‘不买’趋势正在凸显”符合语境，故选F。
【46题详解】
根据上文“Two
friends
in
Canada
spent
a
year
working
towards
buying
only
food.
For
the
first
three
months
they
learned
how
to
live
without
buying
electrical
goods,
clothes
or
things
for
the
house.
For
the
next
stage,
they
gave
up
services,
for
example,
haircuts,
eating
out
or
buying
petrol
for
their
cars.(在加拿大的两个朋友花了一年时间努力只买食物。在最初的三个月里，他们学会了在不买电器、衣服或房子里的东西的情况下生活。在接下来的阶段，他们放弃了诸如理发、外出就餐或为汽车购买汽油等服务)”可知，这两个朋友用一年的时间分二个阶段拒绝购买除食物之外的其他商品，本句为本段最后一句，可推知是在说明这两个朋友节约行为产生的结果：即他们节省了55000美元。故A选项“一年时间，他们节省了55000美元”符合语境，故选A。
【47题详解】
根据上文“The
changes
they
made
meant
two
fewer
cars
on
the
roads,
a
reduction
in
plastic
and
paper
packaging
and
a
positive
impact
on
the
environment
from
all
the
energy
saved.(他们做出的改变意味着路上少开两辆车，减少塑料和纸包装，节约的所有能源对环境产生了积极影响)”可知，上文提到这两个朋友所做的改变意味着路上车变少、塑料袋和纸袋使用量会下降，对节约能源有积极的影响。故本句承接上文，说明这种做法如果能够推广，将能够产生的影响。故B选项“如果每个人都执行这种方法，那结果会让人印象深刻”符合语境，故选B。
第II卷
I.
Translation
Directions:
Translate
the
following
sentences
into
English,
using
the
words
given
in
the
brackets.
48.
你读的书越多，就对你越有好处。(the
more,
the
more)
(汉译英）
【答案】The
more
books
you
read,
the
more
benefits
you
can
get
from
it.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和短语。根据句意“读书”可知短语为read
books；表示“有好处，获益”短语可用get
benefits
from；此处为“the
more,
the
more”句型，表示“越……，越……”。结合语境应用一般现在时，故翻译为The
more
books
you
read,
the
more
benefits
you
can
get
from
it.
49.
他不能胜任这项工作，这使得他的老板很失望。(qualified)
(汉译英）
【答案】
He
was
not
qualified
for
this
job,
which
made
his
boss
disappointed.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、固定搭配和非限制性定语从句。由句意可知，本句可用一般过去时，固定搭配be
qualified
for
sth.（胜任某事），make
sb.
adj.（使某人……），这里需要一个非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句的内容，关系词在从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which引导；再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为He
was
not
qualified
for
this
job,
which
made
his
boss
disappointed。
50.
即使他已经意识到达目标是困难的，他也没中途放弃。(even
though)
(汉译英）
【答案】Even
though
he
realized
that
reaching
the
goal
was
difficult,
he
did
not
give
up
halfway.
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句、时态和固定短语。根据句意“到达目标”可知短语为reach
the
goal；表示“放弃”短语为give
up；表示“中途”应用副词halfway；句子为even
though引导的让步状语从句，且从句中主语为he，谓语动词用realize，后跟宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整应用that引导，从句中主语为动名词短语reaching
the
goal；结合语境，可知应用一般过去时。故翻译为Even
though
he
realized
that
reaching
the
goal
was
difficult,
he
did
not
give
up
halfway.
51.
根据他脸上的表情来判断，他在面试中一定表现得很出色。(judge)
(汉译英）
【答案】Judging
by
the
expression
on
his
face,
he
must
have
done
very
well
in
the
interview.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、非谓语动词和情态动词。judge
by根据……判断，Judging
by
the
expression
on
his
face为现在分词短语作评论性状语。对过去发生的事情的非常有把握的肯定推测，用must
have
done。故翻译为Judging
by
the
expression
on
his
face,
he
must
have
done
very
well
in
the
interview.
52.
在我看来，学习英语时，尽可能多地运用它比仅仅背单词更有效。(better)
(汉译英）
【答案】In
my
opinion,
when
we
are
learning
English,
it
is
better
to
use
it
as
much
as
possible
rather
than
just
memorize
the
words
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句、动词时态、短语和名词。表示“在我看来”，应用
in
my
opinion;
当我们正在做某事when
we
are
doing；表示“尽可能多地”应用as
much
as
possible;
表示“背单词”应用
memorize
the
words;
表示“比......更有效”应用
it
is
better
to
do
....rather
than
do；
故本句翻译为：In
my
opinion,
when
we
are
learning
English,
it
is
better
to
use
it
as
much
as
possible
rather
than
just
memorize
the
words
【点睛】本句翻译时，一定要注意比较级的使用，比较对象一定要具有可比性。
VI.
Guided
Writing
53.
Directions:Write
an
English
composition
in
120-150
words
according
to
the
instructions
given
below
in
Chinese.
为迎接校庆，学校将举行班级集体舞比赛
(group
dancing
competition)，班长希望大家积极参加。请谈谈你是否会参加比赛以及你做出该决定具体理由。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
A
group
dancing
competition
will
be
held
in
our
school
and
the
monitor
calls
on
everybody
to
take
an
active
part
in
it.
While
most
of
my
classmates
are
still
hesitating
whether
to
participate,
I
have
said
yes
to
our
monitor
with
great
pleasure.
Generally
speaking,
there
are
two
reasons
for
my
decision.
First,
it
is
a
good
opportunity
for
me
to
relax
myself,
which
will
enable
me
to
study
more
efficiently.
As
an
old
saying
goes,
all
work
and
no
play
makes
Jack
a
dull
boy.
It
clearly
shows
us
the
importance
of
relaxation.
Besides,
I
think
I
am
a
good
dancer
after
learning
dance
for
more
than
five
years.
Participating
in
the
contest
will
be
a
golden
chance
for
me
to
show
my
dancing
skills
and
make
some
contributions
to
my
class.
For
the
two
reasons
mentioned
above,
it
is
no
surprise
that
I
have
such
a
strong
enthusiasm
on
the
group
dancing
competition.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于开放性作文，要求考生就学校将举行的班级集体舞比赛谈谈自己的看法。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：开放性作文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
要求：
为迎接校庆，学校将举行班级集体舞比赛
(group
dancing
competition)，班长希望大家积极参加。请谈谈你是否会参加比赛以及你做出该决定的具体理由。
第二步:列提纲
（重点词组）
group
dancing
competition;
with
great
pleasure;
generally
speaking;
enable
sb.
to
do
sth.;
the
importance
of
relaxation;
more
than;
participate
in;
enthusiasm
第三步：连词成句
1.
A
group
dancing
competition
will
be
held
in
our
school
and
the
monitor
calls
on
everybody
to
take
an
active
part
in
it.
2.
While
most
of
my
classmates
are
still
hesitating
whether
to
participate,
I
have
said
yes
to
our
monitor
with
great
pleasure.
3.
Generally
speaking,
there
are
two
reasons
for
my
decision.
4.
First,
it
is
a
good
opportunity
for
me
to
relax
myself,
which
will
enable
me
to
study
more
efficiently.
5.As
an
old
saying
goes,
all
work
and
no
play
makes
Jack
a
dull
boy.
6.
Besides,
I
think
I
am
a
good
dancer
after
learning
dance
for
more
than
five
years.
7.
Participating
in
the
contest
will
be
a
golden
chance
for
me
to
show
my
dancing
skills
and
make
some
contributions
to
my
class.
8.
For
the
two
reasons
mentioned
above,
it
is
no
surprise
that
I
have
such
a
strong
enthusiasm
on
the
group
dancing
competition.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First
2.表并列补充关系：Besides
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1]
First,
it
is
a
good
opportunity
for
me
to
relax
myself,
which
will
enable
me
to
study
more
efficiently.
(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
Participating
in
the
contest
will
be
a
golden
chance
for
me
to
show
my
dancing
skills
and
make
some
contributions
to
the
class.
(运用了动名词短语作主语)

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