资源简介

(共140张PPT)
必修5
Unit
13
People　
Step
1
诵读经典·渗透文化意识
Ⅰ.
细品味经典文章
(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)
　　Molai
grew
up
in
a
tiny
village
in
India.
The
village
lay
near
some
wetlands
which
became
his
second
home.
He
learned
the
value
and
beauty
of
nature
there
from
a
very
young
age.
When
he
was
16,
Molai
began
to
notice
something
disturbing
happening
around
his
home.
A
flood
had
hit
the
area
earlier
that
year
and
the
damage
it
caused
had
driven
away
a
number
of
birds.
Besides,
the
number
of
snakes
had
declined
as
well.
He
realized
that
it
was
because
there
weren’t
enough
trees
to
protect
them
from
the
heat.
The
solution,
of
course,
was
to
plant
trees
so
the
animals
could
seek
shelter
during
the
daytime.
He
turned
to
the
forest
department
for
help
but
was
told
that
nothing
would
grow
there.
However,
Molai
went
looking
on
his
own
and
discovered
a
nearby
island
where
he
began
to
plant
trees.
Watering
young
plants
in
the
dry
season
was
tough
for
a
lone
boy.
Molai
built
at
the
top
of
each
sapling(幼树)a
bamboo
platform,
where
he
placed
earthen
pots
with
small
holes
to
collect
rainwater.
The
water
would
then
drip(滴落)on
the
plants
below.
Molai
continued
to
plant
trees
for
the
next
37
years.
His
efforts
have
resulted
in
1,
360
acres
of
naturally-grown
land
that
has
become
home
to
many
plants
and
animals.
Ⅱ.
按要求完成任务
1.
写出文章中与人物有关的单词或短语。
____________________________________________________________________
______________________?
grow
up,
learn,
value,
beauty,
young,
age,
notice,
realize,
turn
to,
on
one’s
own,
continue,
effort,
result
in
2.
你认为公民应该具备什么样的品质?
__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________?
First
of
all,
patriotic
and
law-abiding,
honest
and
courteous.
Secondly,
show
filial
piety
to
parents
and
respect
to
teachers.
Thirdly,
be
united
and
friendly,
diligent
and
thrifty.
Furthermore,
determined
to
study
hard,
and
modest.
Last
but
not
least,
be
self-disciplined,
impartial
and
selfless.
Step
2
固本强基·锻造语言能力
Ⅰ.
重点词汇
1.
concentrate
vi.
集中(思想、注意力等)
教材原句
Concentrate
on
what
is
really
important.
(P5)
要把注意力集中在真正重要的东西上。
【词块必记】
(1)concentrate
on
(doing)
sth.
　
聚精会神于(做)某事
concentrate
one’s
attention/energy
.
.
.
on/upon
(doing).
.
.
集中某人的注意力/精力……于(做)……
(2)concentration
n.
专心,
集中
concentrated
adj.
集中的,
全神贯注的
【思维拓展】“专心于,
全神贯注于”的表达还有:
①focus
on　②be
buried
in　③be
lost
in
④be
absorbed
in　⑤be
devoted
to
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①This
book
requires
a
great
deal
of
____________(concentrate).
②From
then
on,
I
began
to
concentrate
___
every
small
thing
in
my
study.
③I
decided
to
concentrate
all
my
efforts
on
_______(find)somewhere
to
live.
concentration
on
finding
一句多译
④他将注意力全部集中在他的学习上。
_____________________________________(concentrate)?
=_____________________________________(fix/focus)?
=___________________________(put
one’s
heart
into)?
He
concentrated
his
attention
on
his
study.
He
fixed/focused
his
attention
on
his
study.
He
put
his
heart
into
his
study.
2.
associate
vt.
联想,
联系
教材原句
Memories
are
stored
through
associating
new
memories
with
old
ones.
(P5)记忆是通过把新的记忆和旧的记忆联系起来储存的。
【词块必记】
(1)associate
.
.
.
with
.
.
.
　　
使……与……联系起来
associate
with
sb.
与某人交往/共事
be
associated
with
与……有关
(2)association
n.
联合;
联想;
交往;
协会;
社团
in
association
with
与……联合;
与……有关联
【思维拓展】“与……有关”的其他表达还有:
①be
related
to　②have
something
to
do
with
③be
in
connection
with　④be
connected
with
【熟词生义】
Mr
Lin
is
associate
director
of
the
Institute.
_____
林先生是研究所的副所长。
副的
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①He
has
been
associated
____
me
in
the
business
for
two
years.
②There
has
always
been
a
close
__________
(associate)between
these
two
schools.
③In
the
children’s
minds
summer
is
_________
(associate)
with
picnics.
④The
exhibition
was
organized
by
the
school
__
association
with
local
artists.
with
association
associated
in
一句多译
⑤众所周知,
有很多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。
As
we
all
know,
there
are
many
serious
health
problems
which
_________________
________?
=As
we
all
know,
there
are
many
serious
health
problems
_____________
________?
=As
we
all
know,
there
are
many
serious
health
problems
________________
________?
are
associated
with
smoking.
associated
with
smoking.
in
association
with
smoking.
3.
deserve
vt.
应得,
值得
教材原句
.
.
.
have
you
ever
wondered
why
some
of
the
smartest
students
in
your
class,
who
you
think
deserve
good
grades,
sometimes
end
up
failing
exams?
(P8)
……你是否曾有过这样的困惑:
为什么班里有些你认为应该得到好分数的最聪明的学生有时却考试不及格?
【词块必记】
deserve
to
do
sth.
　　　　　　
应该做某事
deserve
doing/to
be
done
……值得做
deserve
consideration
值得考虑
【误区释疑】deserve不用于进行时态,
且deserve
doing相当于deserve
to
be
done,
此时动名词的主动形式表示被动意义,
类似的单词还有need,
want,
require等。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①What
comes
first
is
to
keep
an
open
mind,
because
everyone’s
ideas
deserve
_____________________________________(consider).
?
②They
had
some
excellent
players,
so
they
certainly
deserved
______(win)
that
match.
?
翻译句子
③这些建议值得考虑。
____________________________________________________________?
consideration/to
be
considered/considering
to
win
These
suggestions
deserve
consideration/considering/to
be
considered.
【写作金句】
All
in
all,
A
Dream
of
the
Red
Mansions
has
won
my
heart
and
I
am
convinced
that
it
deserves
yours
too.
总之,
《红楼梦》赢得了我的心,
我相信《红楼梦》也值得你一读。
4.
accuse
vt.
控告,
指控,
谴责
教材原句
The
man
was
accused
of
stealing
money.
(P9)
这人被指控偷了钱。
【词块必记】
(1)accuse
sb.
of
(doing)
sth.
　
指责/控告某人(做)某事
(2)the
accused
被告
【易混辨析】
动词
含义
搭配
accuse
当面指责或指控
accuse
sb.
of
.
.
.
charge
因犯较大错误或重大罪行而正式起诉
charge
sb.
with
.
.
.
【思维拓展】与“accuse
sb.
of
sth.
”结构类似的其他结构还有:
①rob
sb.
of
sth.
抢劫某人某物。②rid
sb.
of
sth.
使某人摆脱某物。③warn
sb.
of
sth.
警告某人某事。④inform
sb.
of
sth.
通知某人某事。⑤remind
sb.
of
sth.
提醒某人某事。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①The
workers
accused
their
boss
__
having
broken
his
word.
②For
lack
of
enough
evidence,
the
_______
(accuse)
was
allowed
to
go
free.
③I
don’t
think
it’s
fair
to
accuse
me
of
______
(have)
an
attitude
problem.
句型转换
④The
police
charged
the
suspect
with
stealing
the
jewels.
→The
police
_______
the
suspect
__
stealing
the
jewels.
of
accused
having
accused
of
【写作金句】
As
long
as
you
do
what
you
can,
no
one
will
accuse
you
even
if
you
fail
in
the
future.
只要你尽力而为,
即使将来失败也没有人指责你。
5.
account
vt.
认为是,
视为n.
解释,
说明;
账目;
(银行)账户;
描述,
叙述
教材原句
As
an
experienced
accountant,
my
father
has
gained
the
respect
of
his
colleagues.
(P15)作为一个富有经验的会计,
我的父亲得到了他的同事们的尊重。
【词块必记】
(1)on
account
of=because
of　　
由于,
因为
on
no
account
决不
take
account
of=take.
.
.
into
account　
考虑到;
顾及
(2)account
for
是……的(说明或原因);
(数量上、比例上)占
【思维拓展】表示“决不”的短语还有:
on
no
condition,
in
no
case,
in
no
way,
in
no
circumstances,
by
no
means等。当它们位于句首时,
句子要用部分倒装。
【熟词生义】
She
gave
the
police
a
full
account
of
the
incident.
_____
她向警方详尽地叙述了所发生的事情。
描述
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①How
do
you
account
___
having
made
so
many
mistakes
in
your
homework?
②His
exam
results
were
not
very
good,
but
we
must
take
his
long
illness
____
account.
③The
government
should
take
account
__
the
interests
of
the
disabled.
④We
delayed
our
departure
___
account
of
the
bad
weather.
for
into
of
on
完成句子
⑤_______________________leave
the
baby
alone
in
the
home.
?
你切不可将婴儿独自留在家中。
⑥I
sincerely
hope
that
you
will
_________________________________________?
我真诚地希望你能考虑我的建议。
take
my
suggestions
into
account/consideration.
On
no
account
should
you
Ⅱ.
核心短语
6.
talk
sb.
into
doing
sth.
说服某人做某事
教材原句
Go
and
see
your
teacher
and
try
to
talk
him
or
her
into
giving
you
a
better
grade.
(P8)
去找你的老师,
并尽力说服他或她给你更好点儿的分数。
【词块必记】
(1)talk
sb.
into
doing
sth.
=persuade/argue
sb.
into
doing
sth.
=persuade
sb.
to
do
sth.
说服某人做某事
talk
sb.
out
of
doing
sth.
=persuade/argue
sb.
out
of
doing
sth.
=persuade
sb.
not
to
do
sth.
说服某人不做某事
(2)talk
of
谈到,
说到
talk
about
谈论,
议论
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①To
my
delight,
I
succeeded
in
talking
my
father
into
______
(give)
up
smoking.
②You
can
talk
_____
American
customs
and
festivals
because
Chinese
students
are
interested
in
them.
③Talking
__
literature,
do
you
have
any
interest
in
Lu
Xun’s
works?
giving
about
of
句型转换
④My
wife
persuaded
me
to
buy
a
new
house
before
house
prices
went
up.
→My
wife
______________________________________________before
house
prices
went
up.
?
talked/persuaded/argued
me
into
buying
a
new
house
7.
in
terms
of就……而言;
在……方面;
从某个角度上看
教材原句
.
.
.
especially
in
terms
of
“people
skills”,
such
as
understanding
and
communication.
(P9)……尤其是在“人际交往能力”方面,
比如理解和沟通。
【词块必记】
be
on
good/bad/friendly
terms
with
sb.
与某人关系好/不好/友好
come
to
terms
with
.
.
.
对……让步,
迁就……,
接受(不愉快的事);
适应……
in
the
long/short
term
从长期/短期角度看
【语境速测】
完成句子
①The
country
is
very
poor
and
it
has
to
_________________the
neighbouring
countries.
?
这个国家很穷,
它不得不迁就邻国。
②Learning
is
not
always
easy,
but
it
is
always
beneficial
______________.
?
学习并不总是那么简单,
但从长远看它总是有益的。
③We
__________________________our
neighbors
for
all
these
years.
?
这么多年来我们一直和邻居关系很好。
come
to
terms
with
in
the
long
term
have
been
on
good
terms
with
Ⅲ.
经典句式
8.
I
really
dislike
it
when
he
eats
garlic
for
lunch.
?
我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。
【典型例句】
①I
dislike
it
when
it
rains
for
several
days.
我讨厌连续几天都下雨。
②We
really
appreciated
it
when
she
offered
to
help.
她来帮忙了,
我们十分感激。
【句型公式】
(1)英语中,
某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词,
如like,
enjoy,
love,
dislike,
hate,
appreciate,
prefer等接when/if引导的从句作宾语时,
通常用it作形式宾语,
而把宾语从句放在it之后。
(2)类似用法的短语有see
to
it
that
.
.
.
“务必,
确保”;
depend/rely
on
it
that
.
.
.
“依赖/相信”;
take
it
for
granted
that
.
.
.
“认为……是理所当然的”等。
【语境速测】
完成句子
①Nowadays
it
is
typical
of
a
young
generation
to
____________________parents
should
meet
whatever
they
desire.
?
当今,
年轻一代理所当然地认为父母应该满足他们的一切欲望,
这是他们的典型
特征。
②He
____________the
work
was
finished
on
time.
?
他确保工作按时完成。
take
it
for
granted
that
saw
to
it
that
【写作金句】
Whenever
I
have
difficulties
in
my
English
study,
you
are
the
one
that
I
will
turn
to
first.
And
I
really
appreciated
it
that
you
never
refused
me.
每当我在英语学习上遇到困难时,
我都会首先求助于你。我真的很感激你从没有拒绝我。
9.
Perhaps
the
postcode
was
wrong,
and
that’s
why
the
letter
never
arrived.
?
可能邮政编码错了,
那就是信一直未收到的原因。
【典型例句】
That’s
why
you
need
a
baby-sitter.
那就是你需要一个保姆的原因。
【句型公式】
(1)That’s
why
.
.
.
意为“那就是……的原因”,
why引导表语从句。
(2)That’s
because
.
.
.
意为“那是因为……”,
because引导表语从句。
(3)The
reason
why
.
.
.
is/was
that
.
.
.
意为“……的原因是……”,
why引导
定语从句,
that引导表语从句。
【误区释疑】
(1)在句型“That’s
why/because
.
.
.
”中,
why后强调结果,
because后强调原因。
(2)在句型“The
reason
why
.
.
.
is/was
that
.
.
.
”中,
表语从句只能用that引导,
不能用because。
【语境速测】
完成句子
①Tom
was
ill.
____________he
came
late
for
the
meeting.
?
汤姆病了,
那就是他开会迟到的原因。
②Tom
came
late
for
the
meeting.
________________he
was
ill.
?
汤姆开会迟到了,
那是因为他病了。
③______________Tom
came
late
for
the
meeting
________he
was
ill.
?
汤姆开会迟到的原因是他病了。
That
was
why
That
was
because
The
reason
why
was
that
【写作金句】
The
reason
why
I
show
respect
for
her
is
that
she
never
loses
temper
but
instead
always
encourages
me.
我尊敬她的原因是她从不发脾气,
反而总是鼓励我。
【备选要点】
1.
desire
n.
渴望,
欲望v.
期望,
渴望
教材原句
Tour
guides
need
to
be
independent,
outgoing
and
have
a
desire
to
share
information.
(P10)
导游需要独立、外向并且有分享信息的渴望。
【词块必记】
【误区释疑】
desire后跟宾语从句时,
从句谓语动词用(should+)动词原形,
表示虚拟语气。用法相同的动词还有:
suggest,
order,
demand,
require,
advise等。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①We
always
desire
______(live)
in
harmony
with
our
neighbors.
?
②He
has
a
strong
desire
___success
though
he
has
failed
many
times.
③They
desire
us
__________(complete)
the
work
within
one
month.
?
完成句子
④He
___________________meet
you.
?
他极想见你。
⑤We
all
________________________.
?
我们都渴望健康和幸福。
to
live
for
to
complete
has
a
strong
desire
to
desire
health
and
happiness
【写作金句】
In
addition,
tell
her
that
you
desire
to
be
independent
and
eager
for
more
freedom.
另外,
告诉她你渴望独立,
渴望更多的自由。
2.
satisfaction
n.
满意,
满足
教材原句
I
think
tour
guides
must
also
get
a
lot
of
satisfaction
out
of
seeing
other
people
enjoying
themselves.
(P10)我认为看到游客玩得很高兴,
导游一定也会感到很满足。
【词块必记】
(1)to
one’s
satisfaction
使某人满意的是
with/in
satisfaction
满意地
be
far
from
satisfaction
令人很不满意的,
远非令人满意的
(2)satisfy
vt.
使满意,
使高兴
be
satisfied
with
对……感到满意
【构词法】satisf(y)+-action
(名词后缀)→satisfaction
n.
满意,
满足
【误区释疑】satisfaction意为“满意,
满足”时,
是不可数名词;
意为“快事,
乐事”时,
是可数名词。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①The
result
of
his
test
seemed
to
be
_________(satisfy).
②I
was
not
________
(satisfy)with
what
he
did.
③I
expressed
my
__________
(satisfy)with
the
dress.
完成句子
④
_______________________,
his
team
won
the
championship.
?
令教练满意的是,
他的队伍赢得了冠军。
satisfying
satisfied
satisfaction
To
the
coach’s
satisfaction
【写作金句】
About
two
hours
later,
with
our
baskets
full,
we
went
out,
wearing
tired
but
satisfied
expressions.
大约两个小时后,
我们的篮子满了,
我们带着疲惫但满意的表情走了出去。
3.
relief
n.
宽慰,
轻松;
解脱;
减轻,
消除;
缓和
教材原句
It’ll
be
a
real
relief
when
they’re
found.
(P12)
只有找到他们时才能真正松口气。
【词块必记】
(1)to
one’s
relief　　　
令某人感到欣慰的是
What
a
relief!
可松口气了!
with/in
relief
如释重负;
松了口气
(2)relieve
v.
解除,
减轻,
缓和
relieve
sb.
of
解除某人的(负担、痛苦等)
【熟词生义】
Relief
agencies
are
stepping
up
efforts
to
provide
food,
shelter,
and
agricultural
equipment.
______________
救济机构正在加紧提供食物、住处和农业设备。
救济;
救济物资
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①After
handing
in
his
paper,
he
returned
to
his
seat
_______
relief.
②The
new
secretary
will
relieve
us
__the
paperwork.
③Smiling
and
laughing
has
actually
been
shown
to
______
(relief)
tension
and
stress.
in/with
of
relieve
完成句子
④
_________________(让他们感到非常欣慰的是),
their
country
was
brought
back
to
life
in
a
short
time
after
the
war.
?
⑤
____________(终于可以松一口气了)!
It
almost
took
us
five
years
to
pay
back
all
the
money
we
borrowed
from
the
bank.
?
Much
to
their
relief
What
a
relief
4.
shelter
vi.
&
vt.
&
n.
躲避;
保护,
掩蔽,
庇护;
避难所
教材原句
They
might
be
sheltering
in
a
cave.
(P13)
他们或许正躲在山洞里。
【词块必记】
(1)take/seek
shelter
from.
.
.
躲避……
under
the
shelter
of.
.
.
在……的庇护下
(2)shelter
from.
.
.
躲避……
shelter
sb.
from.
.
.
保护/庇护某人以避开……
【熟词新义】
They
built
a
rough
shelter
from
old
pieces
of
wood.
他们用旧木条搭了一个简陋的窝棚。
_______
遮蔽物
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①______
the
shelter
of
the
bay,
there
was
no
risk
to
a
boat
in
the
hands
of
experienced
sailors.
②They
took
shelter
_____
a
downpour
under
a
tree.
完成句子
③People
were
desperately
__________________the
gunfire.
?
人们拼命地找地方躲避炮火。
④They
_____________the
sun
under
a
big
tree.
?
他们在一棵大树底下乘凉。
Under
from
seeking
shelter
from
sheltered
from
5.
judge
n.
裁判,
法官vt.
评判;
判断;
审判,
判决
教材原句
It’s
difficult
to
judge
but
we
thought
they
might
be
in
the
same
class
and
that
they
were
discussing
a
problem.
(P16)很难判断,
但我们认为他们可能在同一个班级,
他们正在讨论一个问题。
【词块必记】
(1)judge
.
.
.
from/by
.
.
.
　
从……来判断
as
far
as
I
can
judge
据我判断;
我认为
(2)judging
by/from
从……上看;
根据……判断
(3)judgement
n.
判断力;
评价
【构词法】judge+-ment(名词后缀)=judgement
n.
判断力;
评价
【误区释疑】judging
from/by用在句首时,
为一个独立成分,
不受句子主语和时态影响,
只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Apparently,
blindly
following
others’
advice
will
affect
our
own
__________
(judge).
②_______(judge)
by
what
he
said,
his
request
was
reasonable.
③To
judge
_____
what
he
said,
he
was
very
disappointed.
judgement
Judging
from
完成句子
④__________________(依我看来),
he
can
realize
his
dream
of
going
to
university.
?
⑤_____________________________________(从她脸上的神情看),
she
must
have
news
of
great
excitement
to
tell
us.
?
As
far
as
I
can
judge
Judging
by/from
the
expression
on
her
face
【文化金句】
Never
judge
from
appearances.
不可以貌取人。
6.
devote
vt.
献身于,
专心致志于
教材原句
She
devotes
a
lot
of
her
time
to
caring
the
neighbours.
(P17)她花了很多时间照顾邻居。
【词块必记】
(1)devote
oneself
to
(doing)
sth.
献身于/致力于(做)某事
devote
one’s
life/time/money/energy
to
(doing)
sth.
把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于(做)某事
(2)devoted
adj.
忠实的;
深爱的
be
devoted
to
(doing)
sth.
专心于/奉献于(做)某事
(3)devotion
n.
关爱;
关照;
奉献;
忠诚
【思维拓展】devote
(oneself)
to中的to是介词,
其后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,
类似的短语还有:
①look
forward
to
(doing)
sth.
　　　
盼望(做)某事
②be
opposed/object
to
(doing)
sth.
反对(做)某事
③get
down
to
(doing)
sth.
开始着手(做)某事
④pay
attention
to
(doing)
sth.
注意(做)某事
⑤lead
to
(doing)
sth.
导致(做)某事
⑥be/get
used/accustomed
to
(doing)
sth.
习惯于(做)某事
⑦adapt/adjust
(oneself)
to
(doing)
sth.
适应(做)某事
⑧be
addicted
to
(doing)
sth.
对(做)某事上瘾
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①From
my
first
job
at
the
restaurant,
I
learned
teamwork
and
________(devote).
②She
is
a
good
wife
and
a
_______
(devote)mother.
devotion
devoted
句式升级
③The
young
lady
is
devoted
to
teaching
the
deaf
children
and
has
little
time
to
care
for
her
own
daughter.
________________________________________the
young
lady
has
little
time
to
care
for
her
own
daughter.
(现在分词作状语)?
_________________________________the
young
lady
has
little
time
to
care
for
her
own
daughter.
(过去分词作状语)?
Devoting
herself
to
teaching
the
deaf
children,
Devoted
to
teaching
the
deaf
children,
【写作金句】
Devoted
to
learning
English
for
years,
I
think
I’m
equal
to
the
job
because
I
am
capable
of
communicating
with
foreigners
in
English.
多年来一直致力于学习英语,
我认为我能胜任这份工作,
因为我可以用英语与外国人交流。
7.
can’t
help
doing
sth.
禁不住要做某事
教材原句
I
could’t
help
laughing
at
this
and
I
invited
her
back
to
my
apartment
for
a
quick
cup
of
tea.
(P14)
我忍不住笑了,
我邀请她到我的公寓喝杯茶。
【词块必记】
can’t
help
(to)
do
sth.
　　　　
不能帮忙做某事
can’t
help
but
do
sth.
=can
do
nothing
but
do
sth.
=have
no
choice
but
to
do
sth.
不得不做某事
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①I
can’t
help
_______(clean)
the
room,
because
I
have
to
do
my
homework.
?
②All
the
students
couldn’t
help
________
(laugh)
when
they
heard
the
joke.
③His
mother
didn’t
come
back
and
the
boy
couldn’t
help
but
____
(stay)
alone
at
home.
to
clean
laughing
stay
8.
draw
up起草;
制订;
拟订;
(车辆)到达某处停下、停止
教材原句
Draw
up
an
agenda
and
discuss
it
with
the
group.
(P8)
起草一个议程表,
并同组员讨论。
【词块必记】
【语境速测】
完成句子
①At
last
the
two
sides
____________________after
a
tough
talk.
?
艰难的谈判之后最终双方拟定了一份协议。
②The
deadline
______________;
we
can’t
delay
any
more.
?
最后期限快到了,
我们不能再拖延了。
drew
up
an
agreement
is
drawing
near
【写作金句】
When
Qingming
is
drawing
near,
people
fly
kites
during
day
and
night.
当清明临近时,
人们在白天和晚上都会放风筝。
Step
3
强化检测·提升学习能力
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
(2020·江苏高考)Many
of
these
genes
produce
proteins
(蛋白质)
that
can
improve
blood
sugar
regulation
and
insulin
(胰岛素)
levels
throughout
the
body
and
so
are
_________
(associate)
with
improved
metabolic
health.
2.
(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)His
_________
(judge)and
references
are
decidedly
American,
as
well
as
his
delicate
stomach.
associated
judgment
3.
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I’m
secretly
_______(relief)
because
I
know
there’s
real
power
in
sharing
volunteer
responsibilities
among
many.
4.
(2019?北京高考)Ocean
colour
varies
from
green
to
blue,
depending
on
the
type
and
____________(concentrate)
of
phytoplankton.
5.
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Publishers
already
in
business,
people
who
were
owners
of
successful
papers,
had
little
desire
_________(change)the
tradition.
?
relieved
concentration
to
change
Ⅱ.
语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)
　　In
terms
of
writing,
many
famous
writers
have
emerged
at
all
times
and
at
home
and
abroad.
For
example,
Mo
Yan,
Helen
Keller
and
so
on,
let’s
get
to
know
these
two
writers
together.
　　Mo
Yan’s
strength
is
creating
countryside
characters.
However,
he
has
found
it
hard
to
concentrate
1.
___
his
writing
since
he
won
the
2012
Nobel
Prize
in
on
Literature.
The
more
famous
he
becomes,
the
less
time
he
has
to
write.
What’s
worse,
once
he
was
even
2.
________(accuse)
of
plagiarizing
(抄袭).
So
he
desires
3.
_____
(live)a
simple
life
and
devote
all
his
time
to
4.
_______(write).
As
we
all
know,
Helen
Keller
is
a
gifted
writer,
but
she
is
associated
5.
____
disability.
accused
to
live
writing
with
According
to
her
description,
high
fever
in
childhood
6.
_________(account)
for
her
deafness
and
blindness.
But
to
her
relief
and
satisfaction,
her
teacher
Ms
Sullivan
managed
to
talk
her
7.
____
learning
language.
That’s
why
she
could
end
up
8.
_________(become)
a
writer
later.
The
spirit
of
Helen
Keller
9.________(deserve)
to
be
learned
by
all
of
us.
So
don’t
judge
a
person
10.
___
his
or
her
appearance.
?
accounted
into
becoming
deserves
by
Ⅲ.
短文改错
　　My
mom
is
really
concerning
with
the
health
of
everyone
in
our
families.
In
order
to
make
surely
all
of
us
are
in
good
health,
and
she
makes
specific
plans
for
us.
For
example,
every
morning,
my
dad
has
to
have
the
bowl
of
egg
soup
while
I
had
to
eat
an
apple.
My
dad
don’t
like
the
soup
and
I
don’t
enjoy
apples.
I
tell
my
mom
that
if
we’re
forced
eat
things,
we
may
become
ill.
But
he
insists
on
us
eating
healthy
food.
Understanding
her
good
intentions,
I
eat
all
the
food
what
is
provided
by
mom
with
appreciation.
答案:
1.
【解析】第一句:
concerning改为concerned。考查固定短语搭配。句意:
我的妈妈真的很关心家里每一个人的身体健康。be
concerned
with为固定短语搭配,
意为“关心,
担心,
挂念”,
所以concerning改为concerned。
2.
【解析】第一句:
families改为family。考查名词单复数。family家庭,
指“家庭全体成员”时,
要用families,
强调“家庭”这个整体概念时,
要用family。
3.
【解析】第二句:
surely改为sure。考查固定短语搭配。句意:
为了确保我们都有一个健康的身体,
她为我们制订了专门的(饮食)计划。make
sure为固定搭配,
意为“确保”,
常跟从句,
因此surely改为sure。
4.
【解析】第二句:
去掉and。考查连词。整句话中,
后半部分为主句,
前半部分是目的状语,
两个句子间并非并列关系,
不能用连词连接,
所以去掉连词and。
5.
【解析】第三句:
the改为a。考查冠词。句意:
例如,
每天早晨,
我爸爸都得喝一碗鸡蛋汤,
而我必须吃一个苹果。the为定冠词,
a为不定冠词,
喝一碗鸡蛋汤have
a
bowl
of
egg
soup,
不用特指。
6.
【解析】第三句:
had改为have。考查动词时态。根据句中的has可以判断,
时态为一般现在时,
从句中had改为have,
保持主谓一致和句中前后时态的一致性。
7.
【解析】第四句:
第一个don’t要改为doesn’t。考查主谓一致。句意:
我爸爸不喜欢喝汤,
我也不喜欢吃苹果。句中主语为My
dad,
为第三人称,
谓语动词需与主语保持一致,
因此don’t要改为doesn’t。
8.
【解析】第五句:
forced后加
to。考查固定搭配。句意:
我告诉妈妈,
如果我们被强迫吃东西,
我们会生病的。force
sb.
to
do
sth.
意为“强迫某人做某事”,
sb.
be
forced
to
do
sth.
意为“某人被强迫做某事”,
forced后要加to。
9.
【解析】第六句:
he改为
she。考查人称代词。句意:
但是她坚持让我们吃健康食品。联系上文,
可知,
妈妈一直让我们吃健康食品,
由此判断,
此处人称代词错误,
主语
he改为
she。
10.
【解析】第七句:
what改为that。考查关系代词。句意:
理解了她的好意,
我怀着感激之心吃光了妈妈提供的食物。I
eat
all
the
food这句话结构完整,
不缺成分,
后面的关系代词引导定语从句,
先行词是the
food,
其前有all修饰,
只能用关系代词that。
【易错误区】what还是that
(1)误导原因:
定语从句中,
先行词前面有all
修饰,
这种情况下关系代词只能用
that
,
而不能用其他的关系代词。
(2)去伪存真:
what可引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,
但是却不能引导定语从句。限制性定语从句中,
先行词由all、little等修饰时,
关系代
词只能用that。
Step
4
直击高考·培养思维品质
Ⅰ.
话题与阅读理解
(2019·北京高考阅读理解B)
Alice
Moore
is
a
teenager
entrepreneur(创业者),
who
in
May
2015
set
up
her
business
AilieCandy.
By
the
time
she
was
13,
her
company
was
worth
millions
of
dollars
with
the
invention
of
a
super-sweet
treat
that
could
save
kids’
teeth,
instead
of
destroying
them.
It
all
began
when
Moore
visited
a
bank
with
her
dad.
On
the
outing,
she
was
offered
a
candy
bar.
However,
her
dad
reminded
her
that
sugary
treats
were
bad
for
her
teeth.
But
Moore
was
sick
of
missing
out
on
candies.
So
she
desired
to
get
round
the
warning,
“Why
can’t
I
make
a
healthy
candy
that’s
good
for
my
teeth
so
that
my
parents
can’t
say
no
to
it?
”
With
that
in
mind,
Moore
asked
her
dad
if
she
could
start
her
own
candy
company.
He
recommended
that
she
do
some
research
and
talk
to
dentists
about
what
a
healthier
candy
would
contain.
With
her
dad’s
permission,
she
spent
the
next
two
years
researching
online
and
conducting
trials
to
get
a
recipe
that
was
both
tasty
and
tooth-friendly.
She
also
approached
dentists
to
learn
more
about
teeth
cleaning.
Consequently,
she
succeeded
in
making
a
kind
of
candy
only
using
natural
sweeteners,
which
can
reduce
oral
bacteria.
Moore
then
used
her
savings
to
get
her
business
off
the
ground.
Afterwards,
she
and
her
father
secured
their
first
business
meeting
with
a
supermarket
owner,
who
finally
agreed
to
sell
Moore’s
product—CanCandy.
As
CanCandy’s
success
grows,
so
does
Moore’s
credibility
as
a
young
entrepreneur.
Moore
is
enthusiastic
about
the
candy
she
created,
and
she’s
also
positive
about
what
the
future
might
bring.
She
hopes
that
every
kid
can
have
a
clean
mouth
and
a
broad
smile.
Meanwhile,
with
her
parents’
help,
Moore
is
generally
able
to
live
a
normal
teenage
life.
Although
she
founded
her
company
early
on
in
life,
she
wasn’t
driven
primarily
by
profit.
Moore
wants
to
use
her
unique
talent
to
help
others
find
their
smiles.
She
donates
10%
of
AilieCandy’s
profits
to
Big
Smiles.
With
her
talent
and
determination,
it
appears
that
the
sky
could
be
the
limit
for
Alice
Moore.
【文章大意】女孩爱丽丝·摩尔在2015年创办了自己的糖果公司,
生产对儿童牙齿有保护作用的糖果。她不仅有经商才能,
而且向Big
Smiles组织捐了款,
她愿意给他人带来微笑。
1.
How
did
Moore
react
to
her
dad’s
warning?
A.
She
argued
with
him.
B.
She
tried
to
find
a
way
out.
C.
She
paid
no
attention.
D.
She
chose
to
consult
dentists.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段可知她询问父亲是否可以开办一家自己的糖果公司,
可知她在想办法解决,
故选B。
2.
What
is
special
about
CanCandy?
A.
It
is
beneficial
to
dental
health.
B.
It
is
free
of
sweeteners.
C.
It
is
sweeter
than
other
candies.
D.
It
is
produced
to
a
dentists’
recipe.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段末句“Consequently,
she
succeeded
in
making
a
kind
of
candy
only
using
natural
sweeteners,
which
can
reduce
oral
bacteria.
”可知她成功地用天然甜味剂制作了一种糖果,
可以减少口腔细菌。故选A。
3.
What
does
Moore
expect
from
her
business?
A.
To
earn
more
money.
B.
To
help
others
find
smiles.
C.
To
make
herself
stand
out.
D.
To
beat
other
candy
companies.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据末段第三句“Moore
wants
to
use
her
unique
talent
to
help
others
find
their
smiles.
”可知她想要帮助别人微笑,
故选B。
4.
What
can
we
learn
from
Alice
Moore’s
story?
A.
Fame
is
a
great
thirst
of
the
young.
B.
A
youth
is
to
be
regarded
with
respect.
C.
Positive
thinking
and
action
result
in
success.
D.
Success
means
getting
personal
desires
satisfied.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。本文叙述了女孩爱丽丝·摩尔在遇到问题的时候,
勇于向父亲和牙医请教,
并且积极地思考并寻找解决办法,
付诸行动,
最后成功的故事,
故选C。
【知识拓展】难句剖析
Consequently,
she
succeeded
in
making
a
kind
of
candy
only
using
natural
sweeteners,
which
can
reduce
oral
bacteria.
分析:
本句的主干是she
succeeded
in
making
a
kind
of
candy
only
using
natural
sweeteners为现在分词短语作后置定语,
which引导定语从句,
修饰先行词candy。
翻译:
因此,
她成功地制造了一种只使用天然甜味剂的糖果,
这种甜味剂可以减少口腔细菌。
【微技能点拨】　
同义替换?辨位对应
巧解细节理解题
解答细节理解题多采用原文中的直接信息进行考查,
不需要考生进行推理,
此时可采用“原词复现”方法进行解答;
若题干或选项中不出现原文中的直接信息,
考生则需要对原文信息进行转换,
再进一步推断出答案,
此时可采用“同义对应”方法进行解答。
本文中第3题为细节理解题,
根据策略解题如下:
Step
1　原文信息关键词:
to
help
others
find
their
smiles
Step
2　正确选项关键词:
To
help
others
find
smiles
Step
3　两者对比,
辨位对应:
尝试解答
__。
B
【语用提能】
话题词汇
entrepreneur,
invention,
desire,
trials,
supermarket,
success,
enthusiastic,
talent,
determination
短语句式
set
up,
succeeded
in,
do
some
research,
sb.
recommend
that.
.
.
熟词新义
treat
n.
请客;
款待
secure
vt.
保护;
弄到;
招致;
缚住
【微完形填空】
(2019·北京高考阅读理解B改编)
　　Alice
Moore
is
a
teenager
entrepreneur(创业者),
who
in
May
2015
set
up
her
business
AilieCandy.
By
the
time
she
was
13,
her
　1　
was
worth
millions
of
dollars
with
the
invention
of
a
super-sweet
treat
that
could
　2　
kids’
teeth,
instead
of
destroying
them.
?
After
two
years,
she
succeeded
in
making
a
kind
of
candy
only
using
natural
sweeteners,
which
can
reduce
oral
bacteria.
Moore
then
used
her
savings
to
get
her
business
off
the
ground.
Afterwards,
she
and
her
father
secured
their
first
business
meeting
with
a
supermarket
owner,
who
finally
agreed
to
　3　
Moore’s
product—CanCandy.
As
CanCandy’s
　4　
grows,
so
does
Moore’s
credibility
as
a
young
entrepreneur.
Meanwhile,
with
her
parents’
help,
Moore
uses
her
　5　
talent
to
help
others
find
their
smiles.
She
　6　
10%
of
AilieCandy’s
profits
to
Big
Smiles.
With
her
　7　
and
determination,
it
appears
that
the
sky
could
be
the
limit
for
Alice
Moore.
?
1.
A.
project　　
B.
school　　
C.
company　　
D.
home
【解析】选C。根据上文爱丽丝·摩尔是一位少年创业者,
2015年成立了自己的商业,
可知此处她的公司(company)符合语境。
2.
A.
repair
B.
save
C.
correct
D.
treat
【解析】选B。根据后文说这种天然甜味剂,
可以减少口腔细菌”,
所以此处用拯救(save)孩子们的牙齿,
符合语境。
3.
A.
sell
B.
produce
C.
promote
D.
buy
【解析】选A。根据上文Afterwards,
she
and
her
father
secured
their
first
business
meeting
with
a
supermarket
owner可知店家同意销售(sell)她的产品。
4.
A.
goal
B.
future
C.
opinion
D.
success
【解析】选D。上文After
two
years,
she
succeeded
in可知此处承接前文,
再次说明摩尔的成功,
符合语境。
5.
A.
clever
B.
unbelievable
C.
unique
D.
unimaginable
【解析】选C。上文说摩尔在很小就获得了很大的成功,
由此可以说明她的才能是很独特的(unique)。
6.
A.
makes
B.
finds
C.
donates
D.
obtains
【解析】选C。根据上文Moore
uses
her
unique
talent
to
help
others
find
their
smiles.
及后文profits的提示可知此处她捐赠了利润的10%,
符合语境。
7.
A.
friends
B.
money
C.
opportunity
D.
talent
【解析】选D。根据上文Moore
uses
her
unique
talent
to.
.
.
的提示可知此处用才能(talent)符合语境。
Ⅱ.
话题与写作
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
　　你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题,
写一篇短文参赛,
内容包括:
1.
人物简介;
2.
尊敬和爱戴的原因。
注意:
1.
词数100左右;
2.
短文题目和首句已为你写好。
A
respectable
teacher
Mr
Liu,
aged
58,
is
my
English
teacher.
_______________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Step
1　写作技巧
1.
词汇提升(短语优先)
I’ll
remember
his
kindness
and
help
forever.
→I’ll
_____
his
kindness
and
help
_______forever.
?
keep
in
mind
2.
句式多变(虚拟语气和半倒装句及强调句)
①If
it
had
not
been
for
his
guidance
and
encouragement,
I
couldn’t
have
won
the
first
prize
in
the
city
English
speech
contest.
→______not
been
for
his
guidance
and
encouragement,
I
couldn’t
have
won
the
first
prize
in
the
city
English
speech
contest.
?
Had
it
②Mr
Liu
made
me
aware
of
the
importance
of
learning
English
well.
→It
was
Mr
Liu
____
made
me
aware
of
the
importance
of
learning
English
well.
3.
思维品质(俚语使用)
To
be
honest,
he,
a
helpful
person,
has
a
great
impact
on
me.
→To
be
honest,
he,
a
beacon
of
____,
has
a
great
impact
on
me.
who
help
Step
2妙笔成篇(尽量使用本单元所学知识点)
A
respectable
teacher
　　Mr
Liu,
aged
58,
is
my
English
teacher.
He
is
so
humorous,
responsible
and
selfless
that
I
respect
and
love
him
very
much.
To
be
honest,
he,
a
beacon
of
help,
has
a
great
impact
on
me.
It
was
Mr
Liu
who
made
me
aware
of
the
importance
of
learning
English
well.
Had
it
not
been
for
his
guidance
and
encouragement,
I
couldn’t
have
won
the
first
prize
in
the
city
English
speech
contest.
Without
his
aid,
my
skills
in
English
wouldn’t
have
been
greatly
improved!
I’ll
keep
his
kindness
and
help
in
mind
forever.
　　Mr
Liu
is
a
very
respectable
teacher
indeed!
I
do
thank
him
for
what
he
did
for
me.
【加固训练】阅读填句
(2021·广东模拟)
　　Things
you
can
do
to
increase
your
emotional
intelligence
　　Emotional
intelligence,
or
EQ,
is
“being
able
to
recognize,
understand
your
emotions
and
how
you
interact
with
others
in
life
and
at
work,
”
life
coach
and
business
strategist
Maureen
Gharrity
says.
　1　
EQ
is
now
considered
one
of
the
top
10
skills
you’ll
need
to
succeed,
even
more
important
than
IQ.
Here
are
things
you
can
do
to
increase
your
EQ.
?
Listen
　　One
of
the
biggest
things
that
people
want
is
to
be
heard,
to
express
their
view,
their
feelings
and
even
frustrations
without
attempts
to
fix
it.
　2　
What
most
people
are
looking
for
is
an
opportunity
to
be
heard.
So
just
listen.
?
　　Practice
good
boundaries
　　　3　
One
way
to
practice
this
is
to
interact
with
others
only
when
you
are
truly
available
to
do
so.
It’s
also
important
to
be
willing
to
say
no
and
to
honor
others
by
only
giving
them
your
full
attention.
?
　4　?
　　People
who
are
highly
emotionally
intelligent
have
precise
awareness
of
their
emotions.
However,
many
people
say
“I
feel”
and
then
go
on
to
describe
a
thought
or
concept.
To
practice
being
more
emotionally
intelligent,
try
to
express
feelings
which
are
a
physical
sensation
or
emotional
in
nature.
　　Feel
and
express
gratitude
　　Those
with
high
EQ
experience
a
deep
sense
of
gratitude
for
things
they
do.
With
gratitude
comes
an
appreciation
of
all
the
things
that
life
brings,
big
and
small,
good
and
bad.
　5　?
A.
Pay
attention
to
your
own
emotions
B.
Why
is
emotional
intelligence
so
important?
C.
Better
to
treat
your
own
emotions
as
priority.
D.
EQ
is
considered
as
the
most
important
skill
in
the
work
force.
E.
That
doesn’t
mean
you
have
to
agree
with
them
or
do
as
they
say.
F.
The
gateway
to
high
emotional
intelligence
is
rooted
in
healthy
boundaries.
G.
When
your
heart
is
full
of
appreciation,
there
isn’t
room
for
negative
emotions.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了提高情商需要做的一些事情。
1.
【解析】选B。根据上文提示“情商是‘能够识别、理解你的情绪,
以及你在生活和工作中如何与他人互动,
’生活顾问和商业战略家莫林·加里蒂说。”再根据下文提示“情商现在被认为是成功所需的十大技能之一,
甚至比智商更重要。”承接上下文,
B项Why
is
emotional
intelligence
so
important?
(为什么情商如此重要?
)切题。故选B。
2.
【解析】选E。根据上文提示“人们想要的最重要的事情之一就是被听到,
表达他们的观点,
他们的感受,
甚至是挫折,
而不是试图去修复它。”再根据下文提示“大多数人所寻求的是被倾听的机会。所以只是听。”承接上下文,
E项That
doesn’t
mean
you
have
to
agree
with
them
or
do
as
they
say.
(那并不意味着你必须同意他们或照他们说的去做。)切题。故选E。
3.
【解析】选F。根据下文提示“一种练习的方法是只有在你真正有空的时候才与他人互动。”承接下文,
F项The
gateway
to
high
emotional
intelligence
is
rooted
in
healthy
boundaries.
(通往高情商的大门根植于健康的界限。)切题。故选F。
4.
【解析】选A。该空是小标题。结合上下小标题,
用短小精悍的祈使句,
所以应该选A项,
只有A项是祈使句。再根据下文提示“高情商的人对自己的情绪有着精确的意识。”可知,
A项Pay
attention
to
your
own
emotions(关注自己的情绪)切题。故选A。
5.
【解析】选G。根据上文提示“带着感恩之心,
你会感激生活所带来的一切,
无论是大是小,
是好是坏。”承接上文,
G项When
your
heart
is
full
of
appreciation,
there
isn’t
room
for
negative
emotions.
(当你的心充满感激,
就不会有消极的情绪。)切题。故选G。(共115张PPT)
Unit
14　Careers
主题:
人与自我　子话题:
未来职业发展趋势、个人职业倾向、未来规划等　对应教材:
必修5　Unit
14　Careers;
必修5　Unit
15　Learning
Step
1
诵读经典·渗透文化意识
Ⅰ.
细品味经典文章
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B)
　　Jennifer
Mauer
has
needed
more
willpower
than
the
typical
college
student
to
pursue
her
goal
of
earning
a
nursing
degree.
That
willpower
bore
fruit
when
Jennifer
graduated
from
University
of
Wisconsin-Eau
Claire
and
became
the
first
in
her
large
family
to
earn
a
bachelor’s
degree.
　　Mauer,
of
Edgar,
Wisconsin,
grew
up
on
a
farm
in
a
family
of
10
children.
Her
dad
worked
at
a
job
away
from
the
farm,
and
her
mother
ran
the
farm
with
the
kids.
After
high
school,
Jennifer
attended
a
local
technical
college,
working
to
pay
her
tuition(学费),
because
there
was
no
extra
money
set
aside
for
a
college
education.
After
graduation,
she
worked
to
help
her
sisters
and
brothers
pay
for
their
schooling.
　　Jennifer
now
is
married
and
has
three
children
of
her
own.
She
decided
to
go
back
to
college
to
advance
her
career
and
to
be
able
to
better
support
her
family
while
doing
something
she
loves:
nursing.
She
chose
the
UW-Eau
Claire
program
at
Ministry
Saint
Joseph’s
Hospital
in
Marshfield
because
she
was
able
to
pursue
her
four-year
degree
close
to
home.
She
could
drive
to
class
and
be
home
in
the
evening
to
help
with
her
kids.
Jennifer
received
great
support
from
her
family
as
she
worked
to
earn
her
degree:
Her
husband
worked
two
jobs
to
cover
the
bills,
and
her
68-year-old
mother
helped
take
care
of
the
children
at
times.
　　Through
it
all,
she
remained
in
good
academic
standing
and
graduated
with
honors.
Jennifer
sacrificed(牺牲)to
achieve
her
goal,
giving
up
many
nights
with
her
kids
and
missing
important
events
to
study.
“Some
nights
my
heart
was
breaking
to
have
to
pick
between
my
kids
and
studying
for
exams
or
papers,
”
she
says.
However,
her
children
have
learned
an
important
lesson
witnessing
their
mother
earn
her
degree.
Jennifer
is
a
first-generation
graduate
and
an
inspiration
to
her
family
—
and
that’s
pretty
powerful.
Ⅱ.
按要求完成任务
1.
写出文章中与职业有关的单词。
____________________________________________________________
________?
2.
简单描述一下你心中理想的职业。
___________________________________________________________________
____________________?
pursue,
goal,
degree,
job,
run,
attend,
work,
graduation,
career,
earn,
academic
As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
I
hope
to
have
a
stable
job
that
can
give
full
play
to
my
personal
expertise.
Step
2
固本强基·锻造语言能力
Ⅰ.
重点词汇
1.
charge
vt.
收费,
要价;
指控,
控告;
充电n.
主管,
掌管,
负责;
费用
教材原句
Lawyers
charge
higher
fees
than
doctors.
(P21)
律师比医生收费高。
【词块必记】
(1)charge
sb.
for
sth.
　　
为某物向某人收取费用
charge
sb.
with
.
.
.
指控某人……
(2)in
charge
of
主管……,
掌管/管理……
free
of
charge=for
free
免费
in/under
the
charge
of
sb.
在某人的掌管之下,
由某人负责
take
charge
of
管理,
负责
【熟词生义】
Before
use,
the
battery
must
be
charged.
电池在使用之前必须充电。(
)
充电
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①I
wonder
how
much
you
will
charge
me
___
the
six-week
course.
②The
traffic
policeman
charged
the
driver
____
speeding
and
fined
him
$50.
③He
was
__
charge
of
the
company
while
the
boss
was
absent.
句型转换
④The
chief
engineer
was
in
charge
of
the
building
of
the
subway.
→The
building
of
the
subway
was
______________the
chief
engineer.
?
for
with
in
in
the
charge
of
?【误区释疑】in
charge
of往往以人作主语,
指“某人负责(主管)某事”;
in
the
charge
of往往以物作主语,
指“某物由某人主管”。类似的还有:
in
control
of“控制”,
in
the
control
of“由……控制”;
in
possession
of“拥有”,
in
the
possession
of“被……拥有”。
【写作金句】
During
your
stay
here,
you
will
be
offered
accommodation,
which
is
free
of
charge.
在此逗留期间,
我们将为您提供免费住宿。
2.
consult
vt.
请教;
查阅
教材原句
He
should
consult
Mr
Jensen
about
the
new
account
on
the
24th.
(P23)
他应该在24号请教詹森先生有关新账户的问题。
【词块必记】
(1)consult
sb.
about
sth.
向某人请教/咨询某事;
就某事与某人商议/交换意见
consult
with
sb.
about
sth.
与某人商量某事
consult
a
dictionary
查字典
(2)consultant
n.
顾问
【误区释疑】consult作“查阅”讲时,
相当于refer
to或turn
to,
后面接要查询的工
具书;
look
up也有“查阅”之意,
但它后面需接要查询的问题或内容。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①She
consulted
____
her
parents
about
the
way
to
do
the
matter.
②He
felt
quite
honored
to
become
the
President’s
_________
(consult)
on
economic
affairs.
③Kevin
consulted
his
teacher
_____
whether
he
should
study
abroad
after
graduation.
with
consultant
about
完成句子
④When
in
doubt
about
the
meaning
of
a
word,
_________________.
?
当拿不准词义时,
查查词典。
【文化金句】
If
you
wish
good
advice,
consult
an
old
man.
如要忠告,
向老人请教。
consult
a
dictionary
3.
decrease
v.
&
n.
减少,
降低
教材原句
Jobs
in
farming,
coal
mining
and
heavy
industry
are
decreasing
rapidly.
(P28)
农业、煤矿业和重工业的工作职位正迅速减少。
【词块必记】
(1)decrease
in
.
.
.
　　　　　
在……(方面)降低/减少
decrease
to/by
.
.
.
减少到/减少了……
decrease
from
.
.
.
to
.
.
.
从……减少/降低到……
(2)on
the
decrease/increase
正在减少/增加
【思维拓展】
decrease
to/by
.
.
.
表示“减少到/减少了……”。类似的动词还有increase,
reduce,
decline,
drop等。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①There
has
been
some
decrease
__
military
spending
this
year.
②It’s
reported
that
the
population
in
some
western
countries
is
___
the
decrease.
完成句子
③这一地区的小学生人数在增加还是在减少?
Is
the
number
of
primary
school
students
in
this
area
_____________or
______
________?
?
in
on
on
the
increase
on
the
decrease
【写作金句】
Firstly,
rubbish
classification
can
decrease
the
amount
of
rubbish
and
the
pollution
caused
by
it.
首先,
垃圾分类可以减少垃圾的数量和它造成的污染。
4.
operate
vi.
运转,
运作;
做手术;
起作用
vt.
操作;
经营
教材原句
Similarly,
companies
will
operate
in
different
ways.
(P28)
类似地,
公司也将以不同的方式运转。
【词块必记】
(1)operate
on　　　　　　　　
给……做手术
(2)operation
n.
运作;
经营;
手术
give/perform
an
operation
on
给……做手术
bring/put
.
.
.
into
operation
使……运作/转;
实施
come/go
into
operation
实施,
开始生效
in
operation
在运行/转中,
起作用
【熟词生义】
Troops
are
operating
from
bases
in
the
north.
部队正从北部基地发动军事行动。(
)
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①The
police
have
launched
a
major
_________(operate)
against
drug
suppliers.
②Doctors
decided
to
operate
___the
patient
injured
in
the
accident
at
once.
③When
the
machine
is
__operation,
keep
away
from
it.
operation
on
in
采取军事行动
完成句子
④It’s
reported
that
the
local
government
will
_______________________
_________
next
month.
?
据报道,
当地政府将于下个月实施这项新法律。
⑤It’s
said
that
it
won’t
be
long
before
the
law
______________________.
?
据说这项法律不久就要生效。
bring/put
the
new
law
into
operation
comes/goes
into
operation
5.
respond
vi.
反应;
回复,
回答
教材原句
Many
more
people
will
work
for
small,
dynamic
companies
which
can
respond
quickly
to
changes
in
the
market.
(P28)更多人将会供职于小型且具有活力的公司,
这样的公司能对市场变化作出快速反应。
【词块必记】
(1)respond
to　　　　　
　
回答……,
对……作出反应
(2)response
n.
回答;
反应;
响应
make
a/no
response
to
.
.
.
对……给予/没有回答
in
response
(to)
作为(对……的)回应
【熟词生义】
The
infection
did
not
respond
to
the
drugs.
(
)
这些药物对于感染没有起作用。
有改进;
见起色;
显出效果
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①I
reminded
him
of
the
appointment,
but
he
didn’t
make
any
________(respond).
②Knowing
basic
first-aid
techniques
will
help
you
respond
quickly
__emergencies.
③The
product
was
developed
__response
to
customers’
demand.
完成句子
④He
__________________the
new
medicine.
?
他服了这种新药很快就见效了。
⑤The
law
was
passed
____________public
pressure.
?
在公众压力下该法规被通过。
response
to
in
responded
quickly
to
in
response
to
Ⅱ.
核心短语
6.
make
up形成,
构成,
组成;
弥补;
编造;
整理;
化妆;
和好
教材原句
Make
up
information
about
yourself.
(P24)
编造有关你自己的信息。
【词块必记】
make
out　　　　　　　
(费力)理解;
辨认出;
看清楚
make
it
取得成功;
准时到达;
做到了
be
made
up
of
由……组成
make
for
移向,
走向;
促成;
有利于
make
up
for
弥补,
补偿
make
up
one’s
mind
to
do
sth.
下定决心做某事
【思维拓展】
be
made
up
of表示“由……组成/构成”,
其同义短语有consist
of,
be
composed
of等。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①I
told
the
kids
a
story,
making
it
___as
I
went
along.
②He
made
___that
he
had
forgotten
all
about
it.
③Constant
arguing
doesn’t
make
___a
happy
marriage.
④The
task
is
challenging
and
demanding.
Who
do
you
think
can
make
__?
up
out
for
it
完成句子
⑤She
determined
to
work
twice
as
hard
as
before
to
______________________.
?
为了弥补失去的时间,
她决心加倍努力工作。
⑥We
all
know
that
the
brain
________________in
a
certain
pattern.
?
我们都知道人脑是由细胞按照一定的排列方式组成的。
make
up
for
the
lost
time
is
made
up
of
cells
7.
pay
off得到好结果,
得到回报;
取得成功;
还清,
偿清;
(付清工资后)解雇
教材原句
This
paid
off
because
she
won
an
award
for
the
report.
(P26)这些努力得到了回报,
她因为那篇报道获了奖。
【词块必记】
pay
back　　　　
偿还(欠款);
报复,
回报
pay
for
付……的钱;
为……付出代价
pay
a
visit
to
参观……;
看望……
pay
attention
to
注意
【误区释疑】
pay
off作“(努力、辛苦)取得好结果,
得到回报”讲时,
为不及物动词短语,
在句中
用主动语态。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Her
hard
work
finally
paid
___—
she
came
first
in
the
English
contest.
②That
I
can
pay
_____the
help
people
give
me
makes
me
happy.
③He
had
to
work
part-time
so
as
to
pay
___his
education.
off
back
for
【写作金句】
As
for
speaking
Mandarin,
it’s
better
to
pay
much
attention
to
the
pronunciation.
关于说普通话,
最好是多注意发音。
Ⅲ.
经典句式
8.
Between
now
and
the
21st
century,
citizens
of
the
world’s
richest
and
most
advanced
nations
will
find
it
more
and
more
difficult
to
keep
up
with
the
demand
for
change.
在现在和21世纪的这段时期,
这个世界上最富裕和最先进的国家的公民将会发现赶上变化的需求越来越难了。?
【典型例句】
①We
find
it
difficult
to
make
the
plot
adapted
complete
and
attractive
enough.
我们发现很难使改编的情节完整和足够吸引人。
②It
will
also
make
it
possible
for
them
to
take
their
favourite
job
in
future.
这也将使他们有可能在未来从事他们喜欢的工作。
【句型公式】
it
作形式宾语,
用于“动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语”即“6123”结构中:
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①People
in
the
west
make
it
a
rule
______(buy)
Christmas
presents
for
their
relatives
and
friends.
?
②The
two
girls
are
so
alike
that
strangers
find
__difficult
to
tell
one
from
the
other.
③I
consider
it
no
use
__________(quarrel)
with
him
about
it.
完成句子
④I
_____________________you
(should)
go
over
your
homework
before
you
hand
it
in.
?
我认为你有必要在交作业之前先检查一遍。
to
buy
it
quarrelling
believe
it
necessary
that
【写作金句】
What’s
worse,
some
drivers,
cyclists
and
pedestrians
do
not
think
it
vital
to
obey
traffic
rules.
更糟糕的是,
有些司机、骑自行车者和路人认为遵守交通规则不重要。
9.
I
discovered
then
that
as
long
as
I
am
committed
and
never
give
up
I
will
be
able
to
produce
high
quality
reports.
那时我发现,
只要我具有献身精神,
决不放弃,
就能写出高质量的报道。?
【典型例句】
①You
can
phone
me
at
work
as
long
as
you
don’t
make
a
habit
of
it.
你可以在上班时给我打电话,
只要你别让这成为习惯就行。
②I
said
I
would
tell
him
a
confidential
story
on
condition
that
he
kept
it
secret.
我说,
在他保密的条件下我将告诉他一个秘密的故事。
【句型公式】
(1)as
long
as/so
long
as意为“只要”,
引导条件状语从句。
(2)引导条件状语从句的其他连词有:
unless,
in
case,
on
condition
that,
provided/providing
(that),
suppose/supposing
(that),
assume/assuming
(that),
(only)
if,
given
(that)
等。
【语境速测】
完成句子
①____________________________________________they
refuse
us,
who
else
can
we
turn
to
for
help?
?
假如他们拒绝了我们,
我们还可以求助谁?
②_______as
we
hold
fast
to
our
ideals
and
never
give
up,
we
are
bound
to
achieve
success.
?
只要我们坚持自己的理想,
永不放弃,
我们就一定会取得成功。
Suppose/Supposing/Providing/Provided/Given
that
So
long
【写作金句】
We
are
very
pleased
assume/assuming
(that)you
can
give
your
valuable
advice
when
you
receive
the
training
program
in
your
email.
当您收到电子邮件中的培训计划时,
假如您能给出宝贵的建议,
我们会非常开心。
【备选要点】
1.
reward
n.
奖赏,
回报vt.
奖赏;
给以报酬
教材原句
The
old
lady
is
offering
a
reward
of
$50
to
anyone
who
finds
her
cat
for
her!
(P21)
老妇人拿出50美元当作为她找到猫的人的酬劳!
【词块必记】
(1)in
reward
for
.
.
.
　
作为报答;
作为对……的报酬
as
a
reward
(for
.
.
.
)
作为(对……的)报酬/奖赏
give/offer
sb.
a
reward
for
sth.
因为某事而给某人报酬
(2)reward
sb.
with
.
.
.
for
sth.
为某事而用……酬谢某人
(3)rewarding
adj.
值得做的;
有意义的;
有回报的
【易混辨析】
reward
多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏,
常用搭配reward
sb.
for(doing)
sth.
award
意为“授予,
颁发”,
常用搭配award
sb.
sth.
=award
sth.
to
sb.
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Traveling
along
the
old
Silk
Road
is
an
interesting
and
_________
(reward)
experience.
②You
mentioned
that
you
could
teach
English
as
__
reward,
which
is
exactly
what
I
want.
③The
students
have
been
working
hard
on
their
lessons
and
their
efforts
will
be
rewarded
____
success
in
the
end.
④He
received
high
praise
__
reward
for
his
caring
about
the
old.
⑤May
I
give
you
a
reward
___
your
helping
with
my
English?
rewarding
a
with
in
for
【写作金句】
Last
week,
we
took
the
foreign
students
in
our
school
to
experience
the
authentic
tea
culture,
which
turned
out
to
be
extremely
rewarding.
上周,
我们带着在学校的外国学生去体验了地道的茶文化,
收获颇多
2.
grasp
vt.
&
n.
理解,
领会;
抓紧
教材原句
She
said
she
chose
to
be
a
journalist
because
it
is
important
that
people
grasp
what
is
going
on
around
them.
(P26)她说选择做记者是因为人们了解周围发生的事是很重要的。
【词块必记】
(1)grasp
that/wh-从句　　　　
理解……
grasp
sb.
by
the
hand/arm
抓住某人的手/手臂
grasp
a
chance/an
opportunity
抓住机会
(2)have
a
grasp
of
sth.
理解某事
beyond
one’s
grasp
超出某人的理解能力
【思维拓展】grasp同catch一样,
由“抓住”可引申为“理解,
明白”。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①He
grasped
her
firmly
by
___
arm.
②I
grasped
the
opportunity
_______(work)
abroad
without
hesitation,
so
I
succeeded.
?
③How
come
you
have
such
a
good
grasp
__
English?
完成句子
④Try
to
___________________________________in
the
book
as
a
whole.
?
尽力从整体上把握作者在书里要告诉你的东西。
the
to
work
of
grasp
what
the
writer
is
going
to
tell
you
【文化金句】
Grasp
all,
lose
all.
鱼和熊掌不可兼得。
3.
commit
vt.
投入;
使承诺;
犯(错误、罪行等)
教材原句
I
discovered
then
that
as
long
as
I
am
committed
and
never
give
up
I
will
be
able
to
produce
high
quality
reports.
(P26)那时我就发现只要坚持不懈,
永不放弃,
我就能写出高质量的报道来。
【词块必记】
(1)commit
sb.
to
(doing)
sth.
　
使某人承诺(做)某事
commit
oneself
to
(doing)
sth.
专心致志于;
投入于
commit
sth.
to
sth.
调拨,
拨出……供……使用
commit
suicide/a
crime/a
murder
自杀/犯罪/谋杀
(2)commitment
n.
承诺;
保证;
承担义务;
奉献
make
a
commitment/promise
作出承诺
committed
adj.
尽责的
【误区释疑】在短语commit
sb.
/oneself
to中,
to为介词,
其后须跟名词、代词或
动名词。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Giving
up
my
job
to
go
back
full-time
education
was
a
big
___________
(commit),
but
now
I
know
it
was
the
best
decision
I
ever
made.
②She
doesn’t
want
to
make
a
big
emotional
___________
(commit)to
Steve
at
the
moment.
③They
called
on
Western
nations
to
commit
more
money
__
the
poorest
nations.
④She
didn’t
want
to
commit
______
(she)
to
that
matter.
commitment
commitment
to
herself
完成句子
⑤Both
sides
____________________________the
dispute
peacefully.
?
双方承诺和平解决争端。
⑥Whoever
_______________will
be
punished
by
law.
?
任何人犯了罪都要受到法律的制裁。
committed
themselves
to
settling
commits
a
crime
4.
existence
n.
存在;
生活
教材原句
I
asked
Junyan
what
she
liked
most
about
her
job
and
she
said
that
although
there
wasn’t
much
glory
in
a
reporter’s
existence,
she
found
it
interesting
and
challenging.
(P26)
我问君燕她最喜欢记者工作的什么方面。她说,
作为记者虽然没有很多的荣耀,
但她发现这一行业很有趣且很有挑战性。
【词块必记】
(1)in
existence　　　　　
现存的,
现有的
come
into
existence
出现,
产生
bring.
.
.
into
existence
使……出现,
使……产生
(2)exist
vi.
存在;
生存
exist
in
存在于
exist
on
靠……生存,
靠……活下去
【构词法】exist+-ence(名词后缀)=existence
n.
存在;
生活
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Do
you
believe
in
the
________(exist)of
ghosts?
Perhaps
they
only
exist
__
the
minds
of
some
people.
②It
was
impossible
for
them
to
exist
___
such
a
small
income.
完成句子
③When
did
the
custom
_________________?
?
这个习俗什么时候开始存在的?
④They
can’t
_______the
money
he’s
earning.
?
他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。
existence
on
come
into
existence
exist
on
in
【写作金句】
We
led
a
poor
but
happy
enough
existence
as
children.
我们儿时的生活虽然贫穷却过得很愉快。
5.
hesitate
vi.
&vt.
犹豫,
踌躇;
不愿意;
有顾虑
教材原句
She
hesitated
and
then
told
me
that
the
year
before
she
had
broken
her
wrist.
.
.
(P27)
她犹豫了一下,
然后告诉我前年她摔断了手腕……
【词块必记】
(1)hesitate
to
do
sth.
　　　　　
不愿意做某事,
对做某事有顾虑
hesitate
about/over
(doing)
sth.
对(做)某事犹豫不决
(2)hesitation
n.
踌躇,
犹豫
without
hesitation
毫不犹豫地
have
no
hesitation
in
doing
sth.
毫不犹豫地做某事
【构词法】
hesitat(e)+-ion(名词后缀)=hesitation
n.
踌躇,
犹豫
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①When
you
are
in
trouble,
please
don’t
hesitate
______(turn)
to
me
for
help.
?
②She
hesitated
__________
the
choice
between
the
two
refrigerators.
③Seeing
the
girl
struggling
in
the
lake,
he
threw
himself
in
the
icy
water
without
_________
(hesitate),
and
saved
her
from
drowning.
【写作金句】
If
you
need
further
information,
please
don’t
hesitate
to
contact
me.
如果您需要进一步的信息,
请随时与我联系。
to
turn
over/about
hesitation
6.
bother
vt.
烦扰;
打扰;
使恼怒;
使不安vi.
烦恼,
担心;
麻烦,
费心n.
麻烦;
令人烦恼的事或人
教材原句
English
will
probably
remain
the
international
business
language,
so
don’t
bother
learning
Russian
or
Spanish.
(P28)英语可能还会是国际商务语言,
所以不必费心去学习俄语或西班牙语。
【词块必记】
(1)bother
sb.
with/about
sth.
因某事麻烦(打扰)某人
bother
about
sth.
为某事费心,
为某事烦恼
bother
to
do/doing
sth.
费/操心做某事
It
bothers/bothered
sb.
that.
.
.
使某人烦恼/担心的是……
(2)put
sb.
to
any
bother
给某人添乱
【误区释疑】
bother作“麻烦;
困难”讲时,
是不可数名词;
作“令人烦恼的事物;
讨厌的人”讲时,
是可数名词。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①You
don’t
bother
____________(get)
dinner
for
me
today.
I’ll
eat
out.
?
②I’m
sorry
to
have
bothered
you
____
so
many
questions
on
such
an
occasion.
③Don’t
bother
_____driving
me
home.
I’ll
walk.
④
__bothers
me
that
I
haven’t
told
him
the
truth.
完成句子
⑤I
don’t
want
to
___________________,
so
I
try
doing
it
by
myself.
我不想给他添乱,
所以我试着靠自己做这件事。?
to
get/getting
with
about
It
put
him
to
any
bother
【写作金句】
Firstly,
there
is
no
need
to
bother
with
things
uncontrollable,
such
as
the
weather
condition.
首先,
没有必要为无法控制的事情烦恼,
比如天气状况。
7.
in
case以防万一;
万一;
假如
教材原句
Work
with
more
than
one
program
in
case
you
have
to
use
them
at
work,
and
try
to
read
about
new
technology.
(P28)学习几种程序以备工作之需,
并努力了解新的技术。
【词块必记】
in
case
of
.
.
.
　　　
假如……,
在……情况下
in
any
case
无论如何,
不管怎样
in
no
case
绝不,
在任何情况下都不(位于句首时,
句子用部分倒装)
in
this/that
case
如果是这样/那样的话
as
is
often
the
case
这是常有的事
【误区释疑】in
case后跟状语从句,
并且从句用一般现在时表示将来,
有时可用“should+动词原形”。而in
case
of后跟名词,
不跟从句。
【语境速测】
用case的相关短语填空
①_________fire,
ring
the
alarm
bell.
?
②_________should
you
give
up
hope.
?
③There
is
no
simple
answer,
________________in
science.
?
④The
cost
may
be
higher
than
we
first
thought,
but
__________it
will
still
be
quite
satisfying.
?
⑤Take
a
taxi
______you
are
late
for
the
meeting.
?
In
case
of
In
no
case
as
is
often
the
case
in
any
case
in
case
【写作金句】
In
this
case,
people
should
be
educated
to
raise
their
awareness
of
distinguishing
false
information.
在这种情况下,
应该教育人们提高辨别错误信息的意识。
8.
keep
up
with跟上,
赶上;
与……保持联系
教材原句
Between
now
and
the
21st
century,
citizens
of
the
world’s
richest
and
most
advanced
nations
will
find
it
more
and
more
difficult
to
keep
up
with
the
demand
for
change.
(P28)从现在起到21世纪,
这个世界最富有和最先进的国家的公民将会感到越来越难以跟上变化的需要。
【词块必记】
【语境速测】
完成句子
①Though
she
is
very
old,
she
likes
to
____________the
latest
fashions.
?
虽然一大把年纪了,
她仍喜欢赶时髦。
②The
house
is
strong
enough
to
_______in
a
storm.
?
这房子很坚固,
在暴风雨中可以坚持住。
③A
piece
of
cheese
will
_______hunger
for
a
time.
?
一块乳酪可以暂时充饥。
keep
up
with
keep
up
keep
off
【写作金句】
Class
over,
Ms
Cai
advised
me
to
keep
up
with
the
others
by
having
extra
lessons.
下课后,
蔡老师建议我多上几节课来跟上其他人。
Step
3
强化检测·提升学习能力
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
(2020·天津高考)Most
of
us
meet
new
people,
and
new
ideas,
with
_________
(hesitate).
2.
(2020·江苏高考)Most
provinces
and
equivalent
administrative
units
started
to
lower
their
public
health
emergency
________(respond)
level.
3.
(2019·天津高考)However,
we
can
achieve
meaning
only
if
we
have
made
a
___________(commit)
to
something
larger
than
our
own
little
egos(自我),
whether
to
loved
ones,
to
fellow
humans,
to
work,
or
to
some
moral
concept.
hesitation
response
commitment
4.
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)If
the
monkeys
touched
the
left
side
of
the
screen
they
would
be
_________(reward)with
seven
drops
of
water
or
juice.
5.
(2018·天津高考)To
ensure
the
safe
_________(operate)
of
the
smoke
detector,
one
should
make
certain
the
red
light
is
working.
rewarded
operation
Ⅱ.
语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)
　　Compared
with
last
year,
the
number
of
new
graduates
has
decreased
1.
___
10%,
but
I
still
found
it
hard
to
hunt
for
a
job,
which
made
me
panicked.
But
I
didn’t
2.
_______(hesitation)
to
apply
for
the
job
the
moment
I
saw
the
advertisement.
To
my
satisfaction,
I
got
the
job
as
a
reward
3.
___
my
persistence.
All
my
efforts
paid
4.
___.
So
I
always
believe
life
is
hopeful
as
long
as
belief
lies.
Recently,
I’ve
been
5.
_________(consult)
from
people
online
all
over
the
country
asking
how
to
do
this.
I
responded
to
them
respectively.
In
my
opinion,
as
long
as
by
hesitate
for
off
consulted
we
can
take
charge
6.
__
our
time
well
and
commit
ourselves
7.
__
our
goals,
we
will
be
able
8.
_________(operate)
our
future
life
well.
Certainly,
if
you
are
poor
at
something,
you
can
make
9.
___
it
by
working
hard.
So
I
suggest
that
you
bother
10.
______(plan)
your
future,
you
can
enjoy
a
wonderful
life.
?
of
to
to
operate
up
to
plan
Ⅲ.
短文改错
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
　　Since
I
was
a
kid,
I’ve
considered
different
job
I
would
like
to
do.
First,
I
wanted
to
be
a
fireman,
whose
uniform
looked
so
coolly.
Then,
when
I
was
in
the
five
grade,
I
wanted
to
be
a
teacher
because
I
liked
my
English
teacher
too
much.
When
I
studied
chemistry
high
school,
I
reconsidered
my
goal
or
decided
to
be
a
doctor.
They
were
two
reasons
for
the
decision.
One
was
that
I
was
amazing
at
the
fact
that
a
sick
person
could
feel
much
more
better
after
seeing
a
doctor.
And
the
other
is
that
I
wanted
to
help
people
in
need.
答案:
1.
【解析】第一句中的job→jobs。job为可数名词,
根据前面的形容词different可知要用复数形式。
2.
【解析】第二句中的coolly→cool。根据前面的系动词looked可知需用形容词作表语。
3.
【解析】第三句中的five→fifth。根据句意“在我上五年级的时候,
我想当一名老师,
因为我非常喜欢我的英语老师。”可知要用序数词,
故改为fifth。
4.
【解析】第三句中的too→very/so。结合句意可知副词要用“非常”,
故用very或so修饰much。而too
much强调“太多”之意。
5.
【解析】第四句中high
school前加at/in。根据语境“在中学”可知需加上介词at或者in。
6.
【解析】第四句中的or→and。根据句意“我重新考虑了一下我的目标,
决定成为一名医生”可知两个动作之间为顺承关系而不是选择关系,
故改为并列连词and。
7.
【解析】第五句中的They→There。根据句意“我的决定有两个原因”可知本句使用there
be.
.
.
句型。
8.
【解析】第六句中的amazing→amazed。说明主语人的状态要用v-ed形式。修饰物的时候通常用v.
-ing形式。
9.
【解析】第六句中去掉more。修饰比较级better,
用副词much,
不可以用more。
10.
【解析】第七句中的is→was。结合整篇短文的时态可知讲述的都是过去的事情,
故改为一般过去时。
Step
4
直击高考·培养思维品质
核心素养　引导学生明确未来奋斗的目标,
科学地规划将来的发展方向,
树立追梦的价值观。
高考链接　2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷完形填空;
2020·天津高考完形填空;
2020·江苏高考完形填空;
2019?北京高考阅读理解;
2019·全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解;
2019·天津高考阅读理解D
Ⅰ.
话题与阅读理解
(2019·天津高考阅读理解
D)
　　When
I
graduated
from
high
school,
I
wanted
to
major
in
comparative
literature.
But,
once
I
found
out
my
friends
were
going
into
“real”
majors,
like
marketing,
nursing,
and
engineering,
I
figured
I
needed
to
do
the
same
to
ensure
a
good
career.
So
I
changed
my
mind
and
chose
Business
Management
as
my
major.
I
forced
myself
to
believe
that
I
would
enjoy
it
and
succeed
in
the
future,
but
eventually
I
exhausted
myself
understanding
the
economy
and
trying
new
marketing
techniques.
Coming
out
of
this
experience,
I
realize
it
is
OK
to
be
different
from
others
and
to
study
things
like
classics,
art
history
and
other
majors
offered
in
the
College
of
Humanities(人文学科)!
　　The
worries
most
people
have
about
a
Humanities
degree
and
finding
a
career
afterwards
are
that
the
majors
are
too
abstract,
and
one
will
not
obtain
any
applicable
skills.
Actually
ideas
discussed
in
Humanities
classes,
which
are
occasionally
different
from
what
people
commonly
believe,
offer
a
broad
perspective
(视角).
How
could
one
effectively
be
an
unbiased(无偏见的)writer
with
only
a
knowledge
of
the
popular
opinion
of
society?
How
could
one
speak
persuasively
with
closed
minds?
Only
seeing
the
world
through
a
single
perspective
leads
to
missed
learning,
missed
friendships,
and
missed
growth!
With
a
broader
perspective,
we
will
be
more
free,
more
open-minded,
and
less
limited
in
what
we
can
become!
　　STEM
(science,
technology,
engineering,
and
mathematics)
graduates
learn
actual
skills
in
their
studies,
while
humanities
majors
learn
“soft
skills”
like
communicating
effectively
through
writing
critically
and
speaking
persuasively,
synthesizing(综合)ideas
through
gathering
and
interpreting
information,
and
developing
cultural
awareness.
Do
those
soft
skills
sound
useless
and
inapplicable
to
you?
Think
of
it.
How
often
do
you
communicate
with
others?
Produce
ideas?
Encounter
people
from
other
cultures?
Every
day.
Every
SECOND
of
every
day.
So
why
not
master
these
skills?
　　If
you
choose
a
major
in
the
College
of
Humanities,
you
will
be
needed.
The
job
market
is
quietly
creating
thousands
of
openings
a
week
for
people
who
can
bring
a
humanist’s
grace
to
our
rapidly
evolving
high-tech
future.
Your
skills
will
be
valuable
to
any
workplace
you
hope
to
be
in.
Chase
after
your
dream
major
with
all
your
energy,
no
matter
what
other
people
think.
【文章大意】本文为议论文,
讲的是人文学科的学生工作市场很广阔,
作者鼓励他们坚持自己想学的专业。
1.
Why
did
the
author
choose
Business
Management
as
his
major
at
first?
A.
He
was
tired
of
learning
comparative
literature.
B.
He
came
to
enjoy
learning
marketing
techniques.
C.
He
wanted
to
go
to
the
same
university
as
his
friends.
D.
He
believed
Business
Management
was
more
practical.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话中的“I
figured
I
needed
to
do
the
same
to
ensure
a
good
career”可知当我发现朋友们选择了市场营销、护理和工程专业之后,
我选择了商业管理,
来确保一个好的职业生涯,
故选D。
2.
According
to
the
author,
what
is
a
possible
way
to
gain
a
broad
perspective?
A.
Making
more
friends
and
learning
from
them.
B.
Exchanging
ideas
in
a
philosophy
seminar.
C.
Opening
your
mind
to
future
possibilities.
D.
Getting
to
know
the
popular
opinion
of
society.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话可知,
人文学科所讨论的观点能够提供一个广阔的视角,
与B项一致,
故选B。
3.
In
which
of
the
following
situations
do
soft
skills
play
the
most
important
role?
A.
Writing
a
software
program.
B.
Performing
a
heart
operation.
C.
Playing
a
musical
instrument.
D.
Negotiating
with
a
business
partner.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段第一句话中的“humanities
majors
learn
‘soft
skills’
like
communicating
effectively
through
writing
critically
and
speaking
persuasively,
synthesizing
ideas
through
gathering
and
interpreting
information,
and
developing
cultural
awareness.
”可知D项为soft
skills,
故选D。
4.
The
author
believes
the
job
market
for
Humanities
graduates
is
______.
?
A.
recovering
B.
depressing
C.
promising
D.
challenging
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句话可知,
作者相信人文学科的大学毕业生工作市场很广阔,
很有希望,
故选C。
5.
What
could
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
Stick
to
Your
Desired
major
B.
Broaden
Your
Perspective
C.
How
to
Acquire
Soft
Skills
D.
Humanities
vs
STEM.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。纵观全文可知,
本文讲的是人文学科的学生工作市场很广阔,
作者鼓励他们坚持自己想学的专业,
故选A。
【知识拓展】难句剖析
Coming
out
of
this
experience,
I
realize
it
is
OK
to
be
different
from
others
and
to
study
things
like
classics,
art
history
and
other
majors
offered
in
the
College
of
Humanities!
分析:
本句中coming
out
of
this
experience为现在分词短语作状语,
offered
in
the
College
of
Humanities为过去分词短语作后置定语。
翻译:
从这段经历中,
我意识到,
和别人不同,
学习古典文学、艺术史等人文学院的专业是可以的!
【微技能点拨】　
错位对比?百步穿杨
巧解推理判断题
解答推理判断题需要对原文信息进行语义概括。若考查的内容为文章中的某个
细节,
如时间、人物关系、人物身份、行为、事件以及文章出处、读者对象等
就需要对原文提供的信息进行分析、理解,
此时可采用“言外之意”的解题方
法。
本文中第3题为推理判断题,
根据策略解题如下:
Step
1　原文信息关键词:
“soft
skills”
like
communicating
effectively
Step
2　正确选项:
negotiating
Step
3　两者对比,
言外之意:
尝试解答
__。
D
【语用提能】
话题词汇
marketing,
nursing,
engineering,
career,
management,
technique,
experience,
writer,
open-minded,
communicate,
master,
job,
workplace
短语句式
graduate
from,
major
in,
succeed
in,
what引导名词性从句
熟词生义
knowledge
n.
知识→n.
认识(生)
produce
v.
生产→vt.
创作(生)
【微语法填空】(2019·天津高考阅读理解D改编)
The
worries
most
people
have
about
a
Humanities
degree
and
finding
a
career
afterwards
are
that
the
majors
are
too
abstract,
and
one
won’t
obtain
any
applicable
skills.
Actually
ideas
1.
_________(discuss)
in
Humanities
classes,
which
are
2.
___________
(occasional)different
from
what
people
commonly
believe,
offer
a
broad
perspective.
How
could
one
effectively
be
an
unbiased
writer
with
only
3.
__
knowledge
of
the
popular
opinion
of
society?
How
could
one
speak
persuasively
with
closed
minds?
Only
seeing
the
world
through
a
single
perspective
leads
to
discussed
occasionally
a
missed
learning,
missed
friendships,
and
missed
4.
_______(grow)!
With
a
broader
perspective,
we
will
be
more
free,
more
open-minded,
5.
____
less
limited
in
what
we
can
become!
STEM
(science,
technology,
engineering,
and
mathematics)
graduates
learn
actual
skills
in
6.
_____
(they)studies,
while
humanities
majors
learn
“soft
7.
_____(skill)”like
communicating
effectively
through
writing
critically
and
speaking
persuasively,
synthesizing
ideas
through
gathering
and
interpreting
information,
and
8.
__________(develop)
cultural
awareness.
growth
and
their
skills
developing
If
you
choose
a
major
in
the
College
of
Humanities,
you
9.
_____________
(need).
The
job
market
is
quietly
creating
thousands
of
openings
a
week
for
people
10.
____
can
bring
a
humanist’s
grace
to
our
rapidly
evolving
high-tech
future.
Your
skills
will
be
valuable
to
any
workplace
you
hope
to
be
in.
Chase
after
your
dream
major
with
all
your
energy,
no
matter
what
other
people
think.
?
will
be
needed
who
Ⅱ.
话题与写作
(2021·南阳模拟)
假定你是李华,
你的朋友张帅在美国学习,
你们经常用英文通信。他即将完成学业,
前不久,
他来信就是否回国工作征求你的意见。请根据下列提示回信。
1.
建议他回国;
2.
你的理由是国内形势好、学有所用、就业机会多、便于照顾父母、报效祖国等。
注意:
1.
词数100左右;
2.
可以适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯。
Dear
Zhangshuai,
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
Hua
Step
1　写作技巧
①词汇提升
I
think
it
will
be
beneficial
for
you
to
return.
→I
think
it
will
be
_____________for
you
to
return.
?
②句式多变
(what引导的主语从句改写句子)
Your
major
is
badly
needed
nowadays
in
China.
→____________________is
badly
needed
nowadays
in
China.
?
of
great
benefit
What
you
are
studying
③完成句子(it作形式主语,
as引导时间状语从句)
___________________________________to
look
after
your
parents
__________
__________.
?
It
will
be
much
more
convenient
for
you
as
they
are
getting
old
Step
2　妙笔成篇(尽量使用本单元所学知识点)
Dear
Zhangshuai,
I’m
very
glad
to
have
received
the
letter
you
sent
me
days
ago.
?
I’ve
been
thinking
about
the
question
you
asked
me.
In
my
opinion,
you
should
come
back
after
finishing
your
studies
abroad.
For
one
reason,
what
you
are
studying
is
badly
needed
nowadays
in
China.
It
will
be
quite
easy
for
you
to
find
a
good
job.
In
fact,
I
know
a
few
big
companies
in
our
city
are
hoping
to
employ
people
like
you.
For
another
reason,
I
think
it
will
be
much
more
convenient
for
you
to
look
after
your
parents
as
they
are
getting
old.
?
Therefore,
I
think
it
will
be
of
great
benefit
for
you
to
return.
So
what
are
you
waiting
for?
?
Yours,
Li
Hua
【加固训练】阅读填句
(2021·黑龙江模拟)
　　For
businesses
to
develop,
every
business
leader
needs
to
create
a
workplace
that
is
not
only
productive,
but
enjoyable
too.
Here
are
some
ways
to
encourage
workers
to
work
harder
and
also
keep
them
happy.
　　　1　.
If
you
want
to
keep
your
workers
on
track,
you’ll
need
to
provide
a
space
where
they
can
relax
from
stressful
work
for
a
while.
This
can
be
in
the
form
of
a
game
room,
or
a
sofa
where
workers
can
leave
their
desks
for
a
short
time
to
talk
with
colleagues
and
relax.
?
　　Make
them
feel
valued.
　2　.
Do
not
let
them
feel
they
are
just
someone
who
turns
up,
gets
their
work
done
and
leaves
at
the
end
of
the
day.
An
easy
way
to
do
this
is
ask
for
their
feedback
(反馈)
at
company
meetings.
?
　　Give
them
more
responsibilities.
Having
your
workers
do
the
same
tasks
day
in
and
day
out
is
a
productivity
killer.
So
provide
them
with
new
tasks
that
allow
them
to
step
outside
of
their
comfort
zone.
　3　.
?
　　Reward
them.
Let’s
face
it!
Everyone
wants
some
kinds
of
rewards
when
working
for
a
company.
　4　
You
don’t
necessarily
have
to
increase
someone’s
pay
to
encourage
them
—
just
make
sure
you
provide
enough
encouragement
so
that
you
keep
top
talent.
?
　　Be
straightforward.
If
you
let
your
workers
stay
in
the
dark
about
the
goings-on
of
your
business,
they’ll
feel
being
kept
out.
　5　.
Always
be
straightforward
with
your
workers
and
let
them
know
about
any
trying
times
the
company
faces.
?
A.
Listen
to
their
needs.
B.
Create
a
welcoming
environment.
C.
It
can
be
as
simple
as
a
free
lunch
or
a
gift
card.
D.
Set
an
example
to
your
workers
by
working
hard.
E.
In
this
way
they
will
increasingly
believe
in
their
abilities.
F.
So
keeping
open
communication
is
very
important
for
a
good
team.
G.
Encourage
workers,
making
them
feel
they
are
important
to
you.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章针对如何鼓励员工更努力地工作,
同时让他们保持快乐这一问题,
给出了一些方法。
1.
【解析】选B。根据下文可知,
如果你想让你的员工保持在正轨上,
你需要提供一个空间,
让他们从紧张的工作中放松一段时间。可以是一间游戏室,
也可以是一张沙发,
员工们可以离开办公桌一小会儿,
和同事们聊聊天,
放松一下。由此可知,
这一段主要讲了“创造一个舒适的环境”,
B选项切题,
故选B。
2.
【解析】选G。根据上下文可知,
让他们感到被重视。不要让他们觉得他们只是一个出现、完成他们的工作然后在一天结束时离开的人。该空承上启下,
G选项“鼓励员工,
让他们觉得自己对你很重要”切题,
故选G。
3.
【解析】选E。根据上文可知,
要给他们提供新的任务,
让他们走出自己的舒适区。该空承接上文,
E选项“这样,
他们就会越来越相信自己的能力”切题,
故选E。
4.
【解析】选C。根据上文可知,
在公司工作时,
每个人都想要一些奖励。该空承接上文,
C选项“它可以是简单的免费午餐或礼品卡”切题,
故选C。
5.
【解析】选F。根据上下文可知,
如果你让你的员工对你的业务一无所知,
他们会感到被排除在外。对员工要直截了当,
让他们知道公司面临的任何困难时期。该空承上启下,
F选项“所以保持开放的沟通对一个好的团队来说是非常重要的”切题,
故选F。(共123张PPT)
Unit
15　Learning
Step
1
诵读经典·渗透文化意识
Ⅰ.
细品味经典文章
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B)
　　Returning
to
a
book
you’ve
read
many
times
can
feel
like
drinks
with
an
old
friend.
There’s
a
welcome
familiarity—but
also
sometimes
a
slight
suspicion
that
time
has
changed
you
both,
and
thus
the
relationship.
But
books
don’t
change,
people
do.
And
that’s
what
makes
the
act
of
rereading
so
rich
and
transformative.
The
beauty
of
rereading
lies
in
the
idea
that
our
bond
with
the
work
is
based
on
our
present
mental
register.
It’s
true,
the
older
I
get,
the
more
I
feel
time
has
wings.
But
with
reading,
it’s
all
about
the
present.
It’s
about
the
now
and
what
one
contributes
to
the
now,
because
reading
is
a
give
and
take
between
author
and
reader.
Each
has
to
pull
their
own
weight.
　
There
are
three
books
I
reread
annually.
The
first,
which
I
take
to
reading
every
spring,
is
Ernest
Hemingway’s
A
Moveable
Feast.
Published
in
1964,
it’s
his
classic
memoir
of
1920s
Paris.
The
language
is
almost
intoxicating
(令人陶醉的),
an
aging
writer
looking
back
on
an
ambitious
yet
simpler
time.
Another
is
Annie
Dillard’s
Holy
the
Firm,
her
poetic
1975
ramble
(随笔)
about
everything
and
nothing.
The
third
book
is
Julio
Cort?zar’s
Save
Twilight:
Selected
Poems,
because
poetry.
And
because
Cort?zar.
While
I
tend
to
buy
a
lot
of
books,
these
three
were
given
to
me
as
gifts,
which
might
add
to
the
meaning
I
attach
to
them.
But
I
imagine
that,
while
money
is
indeed
wonderful
and
necessary,
rereading
an
author’s
work
is
the
highest
currency
a
reader
can
pay
them.
The
best
books
are
the
ones
that
open
further
as
time
passes.
But
remember,
it’s
you
that
has
to
grow
and
read
and
reread
in
order
to
better
understand
your
friends.
Ⅱ.
按要求完成任务
1.
写出文章中与学习有关的单词或短语。
____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________
book,
read,
reread,
beauty,
idea,
bond,
contribute
to,
reader,
annually,
publish,
poetic,
ramble,
add
to,
imagine,
understand?
2.
作为一名学生,
你如何规划你的学习?
_______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
__________________________________
As
a
high
school
student,
especially
one
about
to
take
the
college
entrance
examination,
I
will
work
out
a
set
of
detailed
test
preparation
plans.
I
will
listen
carefully
in
class
every
day,
take
notes,
review
well
after
class,
find
questions
and
solve
them
at
any
time.
?
Step
2
固本强基·锻造语言能力
Ⅰ.
重点词汇
1.
suspect
v.
怀疑;
猜疑(通常不用于进行时)n.
[C]嫌疑犯,
可疑分子
教材原句
I
suspect
that
they
laid
me
off
because
the
company
was
not
doing
that
well
but
it
still
brought
a
lump
to
my
throat
and
made
me
want
to
cry.
(P36)我怀疑他们裁掉我是因为公司经营得不是很好,
但这仍然使我喉头哽咽,
让我想哭。
【词块必记】
(1)suspect
sb.
/sth.
to
be+n.
/adj.
怀疑/猜疑某人/某物为……
suspect
sb.
of
(doing)
sth.
怀疑某人(做过)某事
(2)suspicious
adj.
可疑的,
令人怀疑的
be
suspicious
of/about
sth.
对某事怀疑
【思维拓展】除作动词外,
suspect还可作名词,
表示“嫌疑犯”;
形容词,
表示“不
可信的,
可疑的”,
一般作表语。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①What
she
said
sounded
convincing,
but
I
suspected
it
_____(be)a
lie.
?
②Two
________(suspect)in
connection
with
the
case
are
now
being
interrogated(审
讯).
③His
reason
for
being
absent
is
_______(suspect).
④If
you
see
something
_________(suspect),
inform
the
police
at
once.
to
be
suspects
suspect
suspicious
句型转换
⑤We
had
no
reason
to
suspect(that)he
might
try
to
kill
himself.
→We
had
no
reason
to
_____________trying
to
kill
himself.
?
suspect
him
of
2.
instruct
vt.
指导,
教导;
指示,
命令;
告知,
通知
教材原句
I
got
my
grandson
to
instruct
me
on
how
to
email
and
use
the
Internet
and
I
really
enjoy
the
speed
at
which
my
messages
get
sent
and
answered.
(P36)
我让我的孙子教我怎样收发电子邮件和使用互联网,
我真的很喜欢信息传送和回复的速度。
【词块必记】
(1)instruct
sb.
to
do/in
doing.
.
.
命令某人做……
instruct
sb.
in
sth.
教授/传授某人某事
instruct
that
sb.
(should)
do
sth.
命令某人做某事(宾语从句中用虚拟语气)
(2)instruction
　
n.
[C]用法说明,
操作指南;
指示;
命令;
[U]指导;
讲授
(3)instructive
adj.
有益的,
有教育意义的;
指导性的
【熟词生义】
All
our
staff
have
been
instructed
in
sign
language.
教授,
传授(技能等)
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Without
your
__________(instruct),
I
would
not
have
made
such
great
progress.
②The
judge
instructed
the
witness
_____(tell)
the
truth.
?
③As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
great
effort
is
needed
to
instruct
children
__
road
safety.
④It
is
the
most
__________(instruct)
lecture
that
I
have
attended
since
I
came
to
this
school.
instruction
to
tell
instructive
in
一句多译
经理命令我快速把房间打扫出来。
⑤The
manager
___________________the
room
quickly.
(instruct
sb.
to
do
sth.
)?
⑥The
manager
______________________the
room
quickly.
(instruct
sb.
in
doing
sth.
)?
⑦The
manager
___________________________the
room
quickly.
(instruct
that)?
instructed
me
to
clean
instructed
me
in
cleaning
instructed
that
I
(should)
clean
3.
distinguish
vt.
区别,
辨别;
使具有某种特征
教材原句
If
the
room
had
not
been
dark,
he
would
have
distinguished
the
two
pictures.
(P37)
如果房间不暗,
他早就分辨出两幅图画了。
【词块必记】
(1)distinguish
.
.
.
from
.
.
.
　　　将……与……区别开
distinguish
between
.
.
.
and
.
.
.
(=tell
the
difference
between
.
.
.
and
.
.
.
)
区分……和……
distinguish
oneself
(as
.
.
.
)
(作为……)表现突出
(2)distinguished
adj.
卓越的;
著名的;
杰出的
be
distinguished
for
(=be
famous
for)
因……而出名
distinguishing
adj.
有区别的
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Speeches
distinguish
human
beings
_____
animals.
②I
admire
your
____________(distinguish)achievements.
③He
was
distinguished
___his
knowledge
of
economics
and
was
elected
as
head
of
the
economic
school.
④She
has
already
distinguished
herself
__
a
great
volleyball
player
in
the
world.
⑤The
English
corner
gives
me
a
chance
to
distinguish
______(me)
by
speaking
English
fluently.
from
distinguished
for
as
myself
句型转换
⑥It
could
make
it
hard
for
people
to
tell
the
difference
between
virtual
reality
and
reality.
→It
could
make
it
hard
for
people
to
_________________________________
________
distinguish
between
virtual
reality
and
reality.
?
4.
access
n.
入口,
通路;
(使用或见到的)机会,
权利
教材原句
The
thing
about
being
a
teacher
is
that
you
have
access
to
children’s
minds
when
they
are
open
and
eager
to
learn.
(P40)作为一名老师,
你可以在孩子们心灵顿开、渴望学习时进入他们的思想。
【词块必记】
(1)gain/obtain/get/have
access
to
有权进入/使用……,
拥有……的机会
have
no
access
to
没有……的机会;
无法接近
give
access
to
接近;
准许进入(接近)
(2)accessible
adj.
易到达的,
易接近的
be
accessible
to
对……而言容易接近的;
可靠近的;
容易进入的
【误区释疑】access前通常不加冠词,
且access和accessible短语中的to是介词。
【构词法】access+-ible(形容词后缀)=accessible
adj.
易到达的,
易接近的
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Women
have
no
access
to
_________(obtain)
education
in
old
days.
②Medicine
should
not
be
kept
where
it
is
_________
(access)
to
children.
③The
old
man
tells
me
that
the
only
access
__
the
village
is
by
boat.
obtaining
accessible
to
句型转换
④Every
student
has
a
chance
to
be
admitted
into
a
key
university.
→Every
student
____________________a
key
university.
?
⑤The
public
have
no
chance
to
see
these
films.
→These
films
_________________the
public.
?
has/gains/gets
access
to
aren’t
accessible
to
【写作金句】
The
good
news
is
that
you
can
have
access
to
almost
all
the
famous
places
of
interest
in
China
online
now.
好消息是,
你现在可以通过网络访问中国几乎所有的著名景点。
5.
approve
vi.
赞成;
认可;
同意vt.
批准
【典型例句】
If
only
the
committee
would
approve
the
new
environmental
regulations
and
put
them
into
effect
as
soon
as
possible.
要是委员会能批准新的环境法规并尽快使其生效就好了。
【词块必记】
(1)approve
of　　　　　　
　
赞成,
赞许
approve
of
sb.
doing
sth.
同意某人做某事
approve
of
(one’s)
doing
.
.
.
赞同/支持(某人)做……
approve
(doing)
sth.
批准(做)某事
(2)approval
n.
同意;
批准
meet
with
sb.
’s
approval
得到某人的批准
win/earn
sb.
’s
approval
取得某人的同意/赞成
give
approval
to
.
.
.
批准
【误区释疑】approve作“批准”讲时,
常用作及物动词;
作“赞成”讲时,
用作不及物动词,
与of搭配,
“赞成某人做某事”应表达为
approve
of
sb.
’s
doing
sth.
。
【熟词生义】
Not
everyone
approves
of
the
festival.
(喜欢)
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①I
would
appreciate
it
if
my
application
could
get
your
________
(approve).
②I
am
afraid
your
parents
won’t
approve
of
your
_________(marry)
him.
③He
has
been
there
many
times.
No
wonder
he
doesn’t
approve
__
the
plan
to
go
there
for
holidays.
完成句子
④By
doing
well
at
school
he
hoped
to
___________________________.
?
他在学校表现不错,
希望以此来得到父母的赞许。
approval
marrying
of
win/earn
his
parents’
approval
句型转换
⑤He
doesn’t
approve
of
me
leaving
school
this
year.
→He
doesn’t
______________my
leaving
school
this
year.
?
→I
don’t
______________________leave
school
this
year.
?
give
approval
to
meet
with
his
approval
to
【写作金句】
I
am
looking
forward
to
the
approval
of
my
suggestions.
我期待着我的建议得到批准。
6.
inspire
v.
鼓舞,
鼓励;
激发;
启示;
使产生(某种感觉或情感)
教材原句
But
even
though
Aristotle
was
a
great
man
who
inspired
many
great
scientists
and
philosophers
after
him,
he
was
wrong
at
times.
(P43)
但即使是亚里士多德这样一位启发了他之后的许多杰出的科学家和哲学家的伟大人物,
有时也会出错。
【词块必记】
(1)inspire
sb.
to
do
sth.
　
激励/鼓励某人做某事
inspire
sb.
with
sth.
=inspire
sth.
in
sb.
激起某人的……(某种情感)
(2)inspiration
n.
灵感;
鼓舞
(3)inspired
adj.
受到鼓舞的
inspiring
adj.
令人鼓舞的,
振奋人心的
【构词法】inspir(e)+-ation(名词后缀)=inspiration
n.
灵感;
鼓舞
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①I
hope
this
success
will
inspire
you
_______(make)greater
efforts.
?
②In
addition
to
reading
for
knowledge,
we
read
for
fun
and
__________
(inspire).
③The
man
has
built
up
his
business
over
the
years,
which
makes
me
________
(inspire).
④As
we
all
know,
Lincoln
is
regarded
as
one
of
the
most
________(inspire)
figures
in
the
world.
to
make
inspiration
inspired
inspiring
【写作金句】
Not
only
does
it
enrich
students’
life
experiences,
but
it
inspires
their
social
responsibility.
它不仅丰富了学生的生活经历,
而且激发了他们的社会责任感。
Ⅱ.
核心短语
7.
be
accustomed
to习惯于(表示状态)
教材原句
Although
today
we
are
more
accustomed
to
typing
a
few
key
words
into
a
search
engine
and
waiting
for
the
Internet
to
spit
the
answer
out
for
us.
.
.
(P42)
尽管我们现在更习惯于在搜索引擎敲进几个关键词,
等待互联网为我们吐出答案……
【词块必记】
(1)be
accustomed/used
to
(doing)
sth.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　
习惯于(做)某事
get/become
accustomed
to
(doing)
sth.
变得适应了(做)某事
(2)accustom
vt.
使……习惯于……
accustom
oneself
to
.
.
.
使自己习惯于……
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①The
American
teacher
asked
me
if
I
had
been
accustomed
to
________
(study)
there.
②As
we
all
know,
children
are
easy
to
accustom
__________(them)
to
new
surroundings.
③___________(accustom)
to
climbing
the
steep
mountain,
Kevin
had
no
difficulty
reaching
the
top.
句式升级
studying
themselves
Accustomed
④He
was
accustomed
to
the
custom
and
didn’t
want
to
change
it.
=_______________________,
he
didn’t
want
to
change
it.
(用过去分词短语作状
语)?
=______________________________,
he
didn’t
want
to
change
it.
(用现在分词短
语作状语)?
Accustomed
to
the
custom
Accustoming
himself
to
the
custom
8.
set
off出发,
动身;
(使)爆炸,
引爆;
燃放;
引发;
衬托
教材原句
I
remember
that
he
let
me
pour
some
powder
into
the
rocket
and
then
another
student
lit
a
flame
to
set
it
off.
(P40)我记得他让我把一些火药倒入火箭,
然后另一名学生点火将火箭发射了出去。
【词块必记】
set
about
doing
.
.
.
=set
out
to
do
.
.
.
着手做……
set
out
for
.
.
.
动身去……
set
up　　　　　　
建起,
竖起;
建立;
提出(意见)
set
aside
搁置一边;
省钱,
存钱
set
down
写下,
记下
【语境速测】
用set短语填空
①I’m
hoping
I’ll
______my
own
business
someday.
?
②A
great
many
boys
were
_________fireworks
in
the
street
during
the
Spring
Festival.
?
③I
try
to
________some
time
each
day
to
do
some
exercise.
?
④We
gathered
at
the
foot
of
Daqing
Mountain
and
_________the
top
in
high
spirits.
?
⑤You
had
better
________your
idea
before
you
forget
it.
?
完成句子
set
up
setting
off
set
aside
set
out
for
set
down
⑥He
___________________________after
the
teacher
finished
explaining.
?
老师解释完之后他开始着手记笔记。
set
about
setting
down
the
note
9.
to
a
certain
extent在某种程度上
教材原句
To
a
certain
extent,
you’re
right.
(P36)
在某种程度上,
你是对的。
【词块必记】
to
some
extent　　　　　　
在某种程度上
to
a
great/large
extent
在很大程度上
extent
n.
程度;
范围;
长度
the
extent
of
在……的范围
in
extent
就面积而言
【语境速测】
完成句子
①_________________,
it
was
my
fault
that
we
lost
the
chance.
?
我们失去这次机会在某种程度上是我的错。
②I
agree
with
you
_____________.
?
我在某种程度上赞同你。
③_______________,
it’s
your
genes
that
decide.
?
在很大程度上,
起决定作用的是你的基因。
To
a
certain
extent
to
some
extent
To
a
great
extent
Ⅲ.
经典句式
10.
I
decided
that
__________________an
Internet
user.
?
我觉得该是我成为因特网用户的时候了。
【典型例句】
It’s
high
time
that
they
left/should
leave
for
Beijing.
到了他们动身去北京的时候了。
it
was
time
I
became
【句型公式】
(1)It’s
(about/high)
time
(that)+should
do/did
sth.
“该是做……的时候了”。
(2)It’s
time
(for
sb.
)
to
do
sth.
“该是(某人)做……的时候了”。
(3)It/This
is/was
the+序数词+
time
(that)
.
.
.
“这是某人第……次做某事了”。
【误区释疑】
在句型“It/This
is/was
the+序数词+
time
(that)
.
.
.
”中,
从句的谓语动词常用完成时态:
is与has/have
done对应;
was与had
done对应。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①It
is
time
for
me
_____(go)
to
pick
up
my
daughter
at
school.
?
②This
is
the
first
time
that
I
_________(be)
away
from
my
home
for
such
a
long
time.
?
③It
is
time
you
______________(have)your
temperature
taken.
?
④This
is
the
last
time
I
__________(ask)you
for
money.
?
to
go
have
been
had/should
have
have
asked
一句多译
该是我们采取措施防止空气受污染的时候了。
⑤________________________________________________________
⑥________________________________________________________________
It’s
time
for
us
to
take
steps
to
stop
the
air
from
being
polluted.
?
It’s
time
that
we
should
take/took
steps
to
stop
the
air
from
being
polluted.
11.
Sometimes
I
wish
I
could
phone
him
and
ask
for
his
opinion!
?
有时我真希望能给他打个电话问问他的意见!
【典型例句】
①I
wish
it
were
spring
in
my
hometown
all
the
year
round.
但愿我的家乡四季如春。
②Now
I
wish
I’d
done
more
work,
especially
in
maths.
现在我希望自己以前多做一些功课,
特别是在数学方面。
③He
really
wishes
he
could
listen
to
your
class
again.
他真的希望能再次听您讲课。
【句型公式】
(1)对现在情况的虚拟:
wish+主语+动词过去式(be用were)。
(2)对过去情况的虚拟:
wish+主语+had+过去分词。
(3)对将来情况的虚拟:
wish+主语+would/could+动词原形。
【误区释疑】
(1)与现在事实相反时,
从句中的be动词一律用were。
(2)与将来事实相反时,
从句中的谓语动词用would/could+动词原形,
不用might或should。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①He
wishes
he
_____________(become)
a
bird
flying
in
the
sky
one
day.
?
②I
wish
I
_____(know)how
he
was
going
to
handle
the
problems.
完成句子
③___________________someone
to
turn
to
for
advice
when
I
was
puzzled.
?
当我感到困惑时,
我多希望能向某个人求教。
④_____________________and
could
fly
freely
in
the
sky.
?
我希望我是一只小鸟,
能在天空中自由飞翔。
would
become
knew
How
I
wish
I
had
had
I
wish
that
I
were
a
bird
【写作金句】
I
wish
that
you
could
grasp
this
opportunity
to
learn
traditional
Chinese
culture
further.
我希望你能抓住这个机会,
进一步学习中国传统文化。
【备选要点】
1.
bury
vt.
(buried;
buried)掩埋;
埋葬;
使专心,
使沉浸;
隐藏
教材原句
So
many
people
think
that
after
you
retire,
all
you
can
do
is
switch
off
your
brain
and
bury
everything
you’ve
ever
learnt.
(P36)
因此,
很多人认为退休后你所能做的就是关闭大脑,
埋藏所学过的所有东西。
【词块必记】
be
buried
in=bury
oneself
in　　
　
埋头于;
专心于
be
buried
in
thought
沉思
bury
one’s
face
in
one’s
hands
双手掩面
【误区释疑】
表示“专心于;
致力于”的短语还有:
①be
devoted/addicted
to
②be
lost/engaged/absorbed
in
③fix/concentrate
one’s
attention
on
④concentrate/focus
on
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Ever
since
he
moved
there,
he
has
buried
_______
(him)
in
his
research
work.
②The
girl
was
sitting
on
the
bench
in
the
park,
_______
(bury)
her
head
in
the
book
in
her
hands.
③She
was
buried
__
thought
when
she
heard
she
didn’t
pass
the
driving
test.
④______
(bury)
in
his
study,
he
wasn’t
aware
that
all
the
others
had
left.
句式转换
himself
burying
in
Buried
⑤He
buried
himself
in
books
all
day
to
escape
from
his
sadness.
→________________books
all
day,
he
wanted
to
escape
from
his
sadness.
?
→_________books
all
day,
he
wanted
to
escape
from
his
sadness.
?
Burying
himself
in
Buried
in
2.
alternative
adj.
非传统的;
可供选择的n.
可供选择的事物
教材原句
What
does“alternative
education”
mean?
(P38)
“非传统教育”指的是什么?
【词块必记】
have
no
alternative
but
to
do
sth.
=there’s
no
alternative
but
to
do
sth.
除做……以外别无选择
an
alternative
to.
.
.
……的替代品
【思维拓展】
“别无选择只好做某事”的表达还有:
cannot
but
do
sth.
;
have
no
choice
but
to
do
sth.
;
cannot
help
but
do
sth.
。
【语境速测】
完成句子
①The
way
was
blocked,
so
we
went
_____________________
这条路被挡住了,
因此我们走了另一条路。
②So
serious
is
this
problem
that
we
___________________________some
measures
to
solve
this
problem.
?
该问题是如此严重,
因此我们别无选择只能采取一些措施来解决这个问题。
句型转换
③I
had
no
choice
but
to
report
him
to
the
police.
→I
______________________report
him
to
the
police.
?
by
an
alternative
road.
?
have
no
alternative
but
to
take
had
no
alternative
but
to
3.
lack
vt.
缺乏,
没有n.
缺乏,
不足;
短缺的东西
教材原句
.
.
.
but
it
was
probably
because
I
lacked
confidence
in
myself.
(P40)……但那很可能是因为我缺乏自信。
【词块必记】
(1)lack
sth.
　　　
缺乏/少某物(没有被动语态)
lack
for
需要,
需求(常用于否定句)
(2)(a)
lack
of
.
.
.
缺乏……
for/through
lack
of
因缺乏……
(3)lacking
adj.
缺少的,
不足的(不置于名词前)
be
lacking
in
sth.
缺少某物
【误区释疑】(1)lack既可以作动词也可以作名词。作及物动词时,
后面直接跟宾语;
作不及物动词时常用介词for;
作名词时,
后面常用介词of。
(2)lacking为形容词,
但一般不放在名词前作定语,
常与in连用。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①I
find
it
quite
boring
to
chat
with
those
who
are
lacking
in
humour.
②They
carried
on
with
their
experiment
in
spite
of
the
lack
of
facilities.
③It’s
a
pity
that
he
did
not
finish
his
schooling
for
lack
of
money.
④They
are
so
rich
that
they
lack
for
nothing.
句型转换
⑤They
could
not
finish
their
work
on
time
because
they
lack
money.
→They
could
not
finish
their
work
on
time
_______________.
?
→________________,
they
could
not
finish
their
work
on
time.
?
for
lack
of
money
Lacking
in
money
4.
worthwhile
adj.
值得(做)的(可作表语、定语或补语)
教材原句
And
if
what
I
do
as
a
teacher
can
help
turn
a
child
like
Graham
into
such
a
successful
adult,
then
I
know
what
I’m
doing
is
worthwhile.
(P40)如果作为一名老师我所做的工作能够帮助将一个像格雷厄姆这样的孩子变成一个如此成功的成年人,
那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。
【词块必记】
【误区释疑】worth一般只作表语,
可用程度词well修饰,
be
worth
doing用主动形式表示被动意义;
而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①Sometimes
I
doubt
whether
it’s
worthwhile
________(study)abroad
for
some
Chinese
students.
②This
article
is
well
worth
_______(read),
but
it
is
not
worthy
_______
_______________________(translate).
?
studying
reading
of
being
translated/to
be
translated
句型转换
③The
question
is
not
worth
discussing.
→The
question
is
not
______________________.
?
→The
question
is
not
____________________.
?
worthy
of
being
discussed
worthy
to
be
discussed
【写作金句】
Since
you
are
interested
in
traditional
Chinese
culture,
I
think
it
is
well
worthwhile
experiencing/to
experience
this
festival.
既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣,
我认为这个节日很值得你体验。
5.
urge
vt.
力劝;
催促;
强烈要求n.
强烈的欲望,
冲动
教材原句
At
first,
people
approved
of
his
studies
and
urged
him
to
continue,
but
later
when
he
proved
Aristotle
wrong,
they
grew
angry
and
put
him
in
prison.
(P42)起初,
人们赞同他的研究并敦促他继续进行,
但是后来当他证明亚里士多德错了的时候,
他们就生气了,
把他关进了监狱。
【词块必记】
(1)urge
sb.
to
do/into
doing
sth.
　
强烈要求某人做某事
urge
sth.
on/upon
sb.
向某人强调某事
urge
that
sb.
(should)
do
sth.
极力主张某人做某事
It
is
urged
that.
.
.
(should)
do
sth.
坚决要求……
(2)have
an
urge
to
do
sth.
有做某事的强烈欲望
(3)urgent
adj.
紧急的,
紧迫的
【误区释疑】urge后跟that从句或在句型It
is
urged
that.
.
.
中时,
that从句中谓
语动词用虚拟语气,
即“should+动词原形”,
should可以省略。
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①They
urged
that
the
Science
Museum
______________(keep)open
during
the
vacation.
?
②He
urged
me
_____________________(accept)his
suggestion.
?
(should)be
kept
to
accept/into
accepting
一句多译
他要求我们立即采取行动。
③_____________________________________
④________________________________________
⑤______________________________________________
He
urged
us
to
take
an
immediate
action.
?
He
urged
us
into
taking
an
immediate
action.
?
He
urged
that
we(should)take
an
immediate
action.
?
【写作金句】
_____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________
由于疫情紧急,
每个人都应该不遗余力地防止疾病伤害更多的人。
Due
to
the
urgent
epidemic
situation,
everyone
should
spare
no
effort
to
prevent
the
disease
from
harming
more
people.
6.
assume
vt.
假定,
假设;
认为
教材原句
Why
did
Aristotle
assume
that
the
sun
moved
around
the
Earth?
(P43)为什么亚里士多德认为太阳绕着地球转?
【词块必记】
(1)assume
sb.
/sth.
to
be.
.
.
假定/假设某人/某事为……
It
is
assumed
that
.
.
.
人们认为……
(2)assumption
n.
假定,
假设
make
an
assumption
认为;
假定
on
the
assumption
that
.
.
.
假定……;
在假定……的情况下
(3)assuming
(that)
.
.
.
假设/假定……
【熟词生义】
The
court
assumed
responsibility
for
the
girl’s
welfare.
承担(责任)
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①__
is
generally
assumed
that
hard
work
leads
to
great
success.
②_________(assume)that
you
are
right,
what
should
we
do
next?
It
Assuming
【熟词生义】
The
court
assumed
responsibility
for
the
girl’s
welfare.
承担(责任)
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①__
is
generally
assumed
that
hard
work
leads
to
great
success.
②_________(assume)that
you
are
right,
what
should
we
do
next?
It
Assuming
7.
lay
off解雇;
裁员;
停止
教材原句
Three
months
ago,
when
my
manager
told
me
that
I
would
be
laid
off,
my
mind
went
blank
and
my
heart
swelled
with
anger.
(P36)三个月前,
当我的经理告诉我,
我将被解雇时,
我的脑子一片空白,
满腔怒火。
【词块必记】
【语境速测】
单句语法填空
①__________________________________________________________________
_____
②______________________________________________
③___________________________________________________
④_____________________________________________________________
_______________
The
car
factory
is
going
to
lay
off
around
150
workers
because
of
the
drop
in
sales.
Grace
laid
out
the
knives
and
forks
at
the
lunch
table.
The
enemy
were
forced
to
lay
down
their
arms
and
give
in.
My
parents
live
a
simple
life
in
order
to
lay
aside
enough
money
for
my
higher
education.
完成句子
⑤__________________________________________________________________
_________?
与此同时,
我们也非常注重新产品的研究和开发。
⑥_____________________________________________________
她偷了钱,
却想把责任推到我身上。
Meanwhile,
we
also
well
lay
stress
on
the
research
and
development
for
new
products.
She
stole
the
money
but
she’s
trying
to
lay
the
blame
on
me.
?
8.
____________________people
wanted
to
believe
these
ancient
views
as
they
had
been
put
forward
by
the
great
philosopher
Aristotle(384-322
BC).
人们愿意相信这
些古老的见解,
因为那是伟大的哲学家亚里士多德(公元前384—公元前322)提
出来的,
这毫不奇怪。?
It
is
not
surprising
that
【典型例句】
①_______________________________________________________________
据报道,
山体滑坡已致200人死亡。
②____________________________________
碰巧那天我们都不在家。
It
is
reported
that
the
fall
of
the
landslide
has
caused
two
hundred
deaths.
It
happened
that
we
were
all
out
that
day.
【句型公式】
(1)It
is
not
surprising
that.
.
.
表示“……不足为奇”。it为形式主语,
真正的主语是that从句。“It’s+adj.
+that.
.
.
”常用来表示“……令人感到……”。
(2)it作形式主语的句型还有:
·It+be+过去分词(said,
reported等)+that.
.
.
·It+不及物动词(seem,
appear等)+that.
.
.
·It+be+名词短语(a
pity,
no
wonder等)+that.
.
.
【语境速测】
完成句子
①_____________you
didn’t
attend
my
birthday
party
last
night.
?
很遗憾你昨天晚上没有参加我的生日聚会。
It
is
a
pity
that
句型转换
②Obviously,
he
doesn’t
want
to
spend
too
much
money.
→_______________he
doesn’t
want
to
spend
too
much
money.
?
③That
our
team
has
won
the
game
is
no
surprise.
→__________________our
team
has
won
the
game.
?
④That
I
couldn’t
ask
for
his
opinion
is
a
pity.
→_____________I
couldn’t
ask
for
his
opinion.
?
It
is
obvious
that
It
is
no
surprise
that
It
is
a
pity
that
Step
3
强化检测·提升学习能力
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Jennifer
is
a
first-generation
graduate
and
an
__________(inspire)
to
her
family
—
and
that’s
pretty
powerful.
2.
(2019?天津高考)If
you
see
anything
_________(suspect),
please
call
Campus
Security
on
0800863800.
3.
(2018·浙江高考)No
one
will
ever
know
what
mix
of
talent,
ambition,
energy
and
luck
made
Dickens
such
a
____________(distinguish)writer.
inspiration
suspicious
distinguished
4.
(2018·江苏高考)It
found
many
youngsters(少年)now
measure
their
status
by
how
much
public
________
(approve)they
get
online,
often
through
“likes”.
5.
(2019·江苏高考)A
thoughtful
official
passed
on
some
of
the
copies
to
the
park
authorities
on
the
__________(assume)
that
they
might
make
a
nice
blow-up
for
one
of
the
visitors’
centers.
approval
assumption
Ⅱ.
语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)
　　I’m
a
senior
three
student
and
now
I’m
busy
preparing
for
the
coming
College
Entrance
Examination.
In
class,
I’m
1.
______(bury)
in
studying
in
order
to
have
access
2.
__
a
key
university.
I’m
outgoing
and
I
believe
I
can
adapt
3.
______(my)
to
the
college
life
as
soon
as
possible.
It’s
time
thatI
should
study
hard
to
distinguish
myself
and
at
the
same
time
I
also
hope
theteachers
can
instruct
me
4.
__my
learning
methods.
To
have
a
bright
future,
Ithink
it
is
worthwhile5.
__
_____
(study)hard.
How
I
wish
I
were
a
collegestudent
now.
?
buried
to
myself
in
to
study
　
Tom
was
laid
6.
___
by
his
boss
last
month.
That’s
because
he
often
7.
_________(suspect)others
and
assumed
he
was
the
best.
After
reflecting
again
and
again,
he
realized
he
had
no
alternative
but
to
overcome
his
shortcomings,which
was
approved
8.
__
by
his
parents.
Fortunately,
he
found
a
job
soon.
Next
week,
he
will
set
9.
___
for
Shanghai
to
begin
his
new
job.
Mywhole
family
is
very
proud
of
him.
Meanwhile,
my
brother’s
change
also10.
_______(inspire)
me
to
study
harder.
off
suspected
of
off
inspires
Ⅲ.
短文改错
　　In
recent
years
great
changes
have
been
taken
place
in
my
hometown.
Ten
years
before,
the
small
and
low
houses
that
lie
on
the
north
of
the
lake
produced
much
waste.
As
the
result,
the
lake
was
seriously
polluted.
To
the
west
was
a
sandy
field,
what
was
the
source
of
dust.
Even
worst,
a
brickyard
on
the
southwest
of
the
lake
used
a
great
deal
good
soil.
Now
the
poor
houses
have
been
replaced
by
green
trees
but
the
brickyard
by
tall
buildings.
The
sandy
field
the
villagers
used
to
dig
is
covering
with
fruit
trees.
Tourists
from
nearby
towns
often
spend
the
weekend
boat
on
the
lake.
答案:
1.
【解析】第一句去掉been。take
place不能用于被动语态。
【易错警示】不能用于被动语态的一些动词短语belong
to,
consist
of,
date
back
to,
date
from,
break
out,
come
about,
get
through,
run
out等。
2.
【解析】第二句before→
ago。“时间段+ago”与一般过去时连用;
“时间段+before”常与过去完成时连用。
3.
【解析】第二句lie→
lay。此处讲的是过去的事情,
所以用一般过去时。
4.
【解析】第三句As后面的the→
a。as
a
result是固定短语,
表示“因此”。
5.
【解析】第四句what→
which。which引导非限制性定语从句修饰a
sandy
field。what不能引导定语从句。
6.
【解析】第五句worst
→worse。even
worse表示“更糟糕的是”。even修饰比较级。
7.
【解析】第五句deal后面加of。a
great
deal
of是固定短语,
表示“许多”,
修饰不可数名词。
【知识链接】只能修饰不可数名词的表示“许多,
一些”的词语much,
a
large
amount
of,
amounts
of,
a
little。
8.
【解析】第六句but→
and。此处前后是并列关系。
9.
【解析】第七句covering→
covered。be
covered
with被……覆盖着。
10.【解析】第八句boat→
boating。此处boat是动词,
表示“划船”。根据spensome
spend
some
time
doing
sth.
可知用boating。
Step
4
直击高考·培养思维品质
Ⅰ.
话题与阅读理解
(2020?全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B)
　　Some
parents
will
buy
any
high-tech
toy
if
they
think
it
will
help
their
child,
but
researchers
said
puzzles
help
children
with
math-related
skills.
Psychologist
Susan
Levine,
an
expert
on
mathematics
development
in
young
children
at
the
University
of
Chicago,
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
ages
2
and
4
later
develop
better
spatial
skills.
Puzzle
play
was
found
to
be
a
significant
predictor
of
cognition(认知)
after
controlling
for
differences
in
parents’
income,
education
and
the
amount
of
parent
talk,
Levine
said.
The
researchers
analyzed
video
recordings
of
53
child-parent
pairs
during
everyday
activities
at
home
and
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
26
and
46
months
of
age
have
better
spatial
skills
when
assessed
at
54
months
of
age.
　　“The
children
who
played
with
puzzles
performed
better
than
those
who
did
not,
on
tasks
that
assessed
their
ability
to
rotate(旋转)and
translate
shapes,
”
Levine
said
in
a
statement.
The
parents
were
asked
to
interact
with
their
children
as
they
normally
would,
and
about
half
of
children
in
the
study
played
with
puzzles
at
one
time.
Higher-income
parents
tended
to
have
children
play
with
puzzles
more
frequently,
and
both
boys
and
girls
who
played
with
puzzles
had
better
spatial
skills.
However,
boys
tended
to
play
with
more
complex
puzzles
than
girls,
and
the
parents
of
boys
provided
more
spatial
language
and
were
more
active
during
puzzle
play
than
the
parents
of
girls.
The
findings
were
published
in
the
journal
Developmental
Science.
【文章大意】研究人员发现拼图游戏可以帮助培养孩子数学方面的技能,
如空间技能。
1.
In
which
aspect
do
children
benefit
from
puzzle
play?
A.
Building
confidence.
B.
Developing
spatial
skills.
C.
Learning
self-control.
D.
Gaining
high-tech
knowledge.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段的Psychologist
Susan
Levine.
.
.
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
ages
2
and
4
later
develop
better
spatial
skills.
以及第三段的.
.
.
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
26
and
46
months
of
age
have
better
spatial
skills.
.
.
可知,
玩拼图可以培养孩子的空间技能。故选B。
2.
What
did
Levine
take
into
consideration
when
designing
her
experiment?
A.
Parents’
age.
B.
Children’s
imagination.
C.
Parents’
education.
D.
Child-parent
relationship.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的Puzzle
play
was
found
to
be
a
significant
predictor
of
cognition
after
controlling
for
differences
in
parents’
income,
education
and
the
amount
of
parent
talk,
Levine
said.
可知,
Levine在设计她的实验时会考虑父母的收入、教育以及和父母谈话的量。故选C。
3.
How
do
boys
differ
from
girls
in
puzzle
play?
A.
They
play
with
puzzles
more
often.
B.
They
tend
to
talk
less
during
the
game.
C.
They
prefer
to
use
more
spatial
language.
D.
They
are
likely
to
play
with
tougher
puzzles.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段的However,
boys
tended
to
play
with
more
complex
puzzles
than
girls可知,
男孩比女孩更倾向于玩较复杂的拼图。故选D。
4.
What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A.
A
mathematical
method.
B.
A
scientific
study.
C.
A
woman
psychologist.
D.
A
teaching
program.
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。研究人员发现拼图可以帮助培养孩子数学方面的技能,
如空间技能。另外,
根据文章中出现的researchers和findings可推断这篇文章讲的是一项科学研究。故选B。
【知识拓展】难句剖析
The
researchers
analyzed
video
recordings
of
53
child-parent
pairs
during
everyday
activities
at
home
and
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
26
and
46
months
of
age
have
better
spatial
skills
when
assessed
at
54
months
of
age.
分析:
第一个and连接并列谓语;
who
play
with
puzzles
between
26
and
46
months
of
age是关系代词who引导的定语从句,
修饰children。when
assessed
at
54
months
of
age是状语从句的省略。
翻译:
研究人员分析了53对孩子和父母在家里的日常活动的录像,
发现年龄在26个月到46个月之间玩拼图的孩子在54个月大的时候被评价时有更好的空间技能。
【微技能点拨】　
如何做阅读理解的主旨大意题
1.
串线法。抓首段和其余各段的第一句话,
把其意思连接成一个整体,
要注意总结性的提示词和转折词,
特别要注意中心句。
2.
小心首段陷阱。
3.
主旨大意题错误选项的干扰特征经常是:
(1)局部信息,
即选项的内容小于文章的内容。
(2)范围太宽,
即选项的内容大于文章的内容。
本文中第4题为主旨大意题。根据策略解题如下:
Step
1　题干关键词:
the
text
mainly
about
Step
2　原文信息关键句:
researchers,
findings
Step
3　两者对比,
定位关键句:
尝试解答
__。
B
【语用提能】
话题词汇
puzzle,
math-related,
development,
spatial,
cognition,
education,
assess,
perform,
ability,
study,
complex,
active
短语句式
interact
with,
play
with,
状语从句的省略等
熟词新义
puzzle
n.
拼版玩具
【微语法填空】
(2020?全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B改编)
　　Researchers
said
puzzles
help
children
with
math-related
skills.
Psychologist
Susan
Levine,
an
expert
on
mathematics
1.
___________(develop)in
young
children
at
the
University
of
Chicago,
2.
______(find)
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
ages
2
and
4
later
develop
better
spatial
skills.
Puzzle
play
was
found
to
be
a
significant
predictor
of
cognition
after
3.
__________(control)
for
differences
in
parents’
income,
education
and
the
amount
of
parent
talk.
The
researchers
analyzed
video
recordings
4.
__
53
child-parent
pairs
during
everyday
activities
at
home
and
found
children
5.
____
play
with
puzzles
between
26
and
46
development
found
controlling
of
who
months
of
age
have
better
spatial
skills
when
6.
________(assess)
at
54
months
of
age.
The
parents
were
asked
7.
_________(interact)with
their
children
as
they
normally
would,
and
about
half
of
children
in
the
study
played
with
puzzles
at
one
time.
Higher-income
parents
tended
to
have
children
play
with
puzzles
more
8.
_________(frequent),
and
both
boys
and
girls
who
played
with
puzzles
had
better
spatial
9.
_____(skill).
However,
boys
tended
to
play
with
more
complex
puzzles
10.
____
girls,
and
the
parents
of
boys
provided
more
spatial
language
and
were
more
active
during
puzzle
play
than
the
parents
of
girls.
?
assessed
to
interact
frequently
skills
than
Ⅱ.
话题与写作
　　假如你是李华,
你的笔友Peter告诉你长大后他想成为一名宇航员。你回信告诉他你对他的梦想的看法。要点如下:
1.
建议他多了解太空知识并要集中精力学习;
2.
相信未来他会为本国的太空探索做出贡献。
注意:
1.
词数100左右;
2.
可适当增加细节;
3.
尽量使用本单元的知识点。
Step
1　写作技巧
①词汇提升
You
decided
to
become
an
astronaut.
→__________________________________________?
②句式多变
(条件状语从句)
You
will
contribute
to
your
country’s
space
exploration.
We
will
offer
our
congratulations
on
your
achievements.
→______________________________________________________we
will
offer
our
congratulations
on
your
achievements.
?
You
made
up
your
mind
to
become
an
astronaut.
If
you
make
contributions
to
your
country’s
space
exploration,
Step
2　妙笔成篇
Dear
Peter,
I
am
delighted
to
hear
that
you
made
up
your
mind
to
become
an
astronaut
when
you
grow
up.
From
my
point
of
view,
it’s
admirable
to
have
a
great
goal
worth
fighting
for.
Meanwhile
you
should
know
and
learn
more
about
the
universe.
Now
that
you
are
determined,
you
should
also
concentrate
on
your
studies
so
as
to
realize
your
dream.
If
you
make
contributions
to
your
country’s
space
exploration,
we
will
surely
offer
our
warm
congratulations
on
your
achievements.
Wish
you
success.
Write
back
soon.
Yours,
Li
Hua
【加固训练】阅读填句
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)
　　Some
individuals
are
born
with
a
gift
for
public
speaking.
　1　
Do
you
want
to
be
a
good
public
speaker?
Here
are
some
principles
you
must
master.
?
People
want
to
listen
to
someone
who
is
interesting,
relaxed
and
comfortable.
Too
often,
when
you
stand
up
to
give
a
speech,
you
focus
on
the
“public”
at
the
expense
of
the
“speaking.
”
　2　
Focus
on
the
speaking.
Talk
directly
to
your
audience,
be
yourself
and
make
a
connection.
?
Even
the
most
successful
public
speaker
will
make
mistakes.
Yet,
the
only
one
who
cares
about
any
mistake
is
the
one
who
is
speaking.
People’s
attention
wanders
constantly.
In
fact,
most
people
only
absorb
about
20
percent
of
a
speaker’s
message.
So,
don’t
stop
speaking
when
you
make
a
mistake
unless
it’s
a
truly
serious
one.
　3　
?
Your
goal
is
not
to
be
a
perfect
public
speaker.
　4　
And
like
everything
else
in
life,
that
takes
practice.
Remember,
even
world
champion
athletes
practice
their
skills
on
a
consistent
basis.
?
　5　
It’s
rare
to
hear
someone
say,
“I
wish
that
speaker
had
spoken
longer.
”
On
the
other
hand,
you
probably
can’t
count
the
times
that
you’ve
thought,
“I’m
glad
that
talk
is
over.
It
seemed
to
go
on
forever!
”
So
surprise
your
audience.
Always
make
your
presentation
just
a
bit
shorter
than
anticipated.
It’s
better
to
leave
your
listeners
wishing
for
more
than
shifting
restlessly
in
their
seats
waiting
for
your
speech
finally
to
end.
?
A.
Do
the
opposite.
B.
You
want
to
be
an
effective
public
speaker.
C.
You
don’t
need
to
apologize
for
a
minor
slip.
D.
When
it
comes
to
public
speaking,
less
is
usually
more.
E.
The
objective
of
most
speeches
is
to
benefit
the
audience.
F.
Take
the
fear
out
of
public
speaking
by
focusing
on
your
listeners.
G.
However,
the
majority
of
people
are
effective
speakers
because
they
train
to
be.
【文章大意】文章就如何成为一个好的演讲者提出了一些建议。
1.
【解析】选G。结合上文“有些人生来有演讲的天赋”和下文“你想成为一个好的演讲者吗?
这里有一些你必须要掌握的原则”可推知那些没有天赋的人可以通过培训成为好的演讲者,
故选G。
2.
【解析】选A。结合上文you
focus
on
the
“public”
at
the
expense
of
the
“speaking.
”和下文Focus
on
the
speaking.
可知上面做得不对,
要改成下面的做法。故选A。
3.
【解析】选C。结合上一句“只要错误不是很严重你就不要停下来”可知告诉你犯错误很正常,
你没必要为一些小错误道歉,
故选C。
4.
【解析】选B。结合上一句“你的目标不是成为一个完美的演讲者”可推知下一句会提到你想成为一名什么样的演讲者,
故选B。
5.
【解析】选D。结合下文内容都在说演讲的内容要简短,
以及观众喜欢的演讲的样子,
可推知本段的主题应为演讲简短收到的效果更好,
故选D。
【难句剖析】
So,
don’t
stop
speaking
when
you
make
a
mistake
unless
it’s
truly
serious
one.
分析:
本句是带有两个状语从句的复合句,
unless引导的是条件状语从句;
when
you.
.
.
是一个时间状语从句。
翻译:
所以,
当你犯错误时不要停止演讲,
除非错误非常严重。

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