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一般过去时语法讲解
一、定义
表示的是：某个动作作发生在过去的时间里，并且这个动作已经完成了。常和表
示过去的时间状语连用。
如：last year,yesterday 等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和 often,always
等频率副词连用。
二、一般过去时的记忆口诀：
动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；
be 用 was 或用 were,have,has 变 had；
谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；
一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。
1. 不含 be 动词时
否定句很简单，主语之后 didn't 添；
疑问句也不难，did 放在主语前；
如果谓语之前有 did，谓语动词需还原；
2.含 be 动词时
动词若是 was,were，否定就把 not 添。
疑问句也不难，要把 was，were 放在主语前。
be 的一般过去时：学习动词 be 的一般过去时，下面有一口诀，它可以帮你们更
好地掌握动词 be 的一般过去时。
3.be 的过去时有四巧：
一是时间状语巧， 表示过去的短语要记牢；
二是形式巧，单数 was，复数 were；
三巧是否定句结构，not 紧跟 was／were；
四是疑问句式巧，was／were 向前跑(提前)。
【一巧】时间状语（即标志词）巧。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状
态，恰巧与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。
1. yesterday 或以其构成的短语：yesterday morning(afternoon,evening)等；
2. 由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语：last night,last year (winter,month,week)
等；
3. 由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：a moment ago,a short time ago,an hour ago
等；
4. 其它：just now 等
【二巧】形式巧。它与一般现在时一样，形式多样：当主语是第一人称单数或第
三人称单数时，谓语动词用 was；主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时，谓语动词
用 were。
例如： I was in the classroom yesterday morning.昨天早上我在教室里。
He was at school last Tuesday.上周二他在学校。
They were over there a moment ago.刚才他们在那边。14846304927600
【三巧】否定句结构巧。与动词 be 的一般现在时一样，它在动词后面加 not 即
可变成否定句，并且 was,were 与 not 可以缩写成 wasn't,weren't。即：
主语＋wasn't／weren't＋表语＋其他。
例如：I was not (＝wasn't) here yesterday.昨天我不在这儿。
My parents were not (＝weren't) at home last Sunday.上周日我父母不在家。
【四巧】 疑问句式巧。把 was,were 提到句首，句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。
即：Was(Were)＋主语＋表语＋其他？这恰巧与动词 be 的一般现在时的疑问句式
相似。
例如： Were you at home the day before yesterday? 前天你在家吗？
Was she late this morning?今天早上她迟到了吗？
更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似，肯定回答用“Yes,主语＋was／were.”；
否定回答用“No,主语＋wasn't／weren't.”。
例如：—Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now? 刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗？
—Yes,they were.(No,they weren't.) 是的，她们在。（不，她们不在。）
三、动词的过去式变化
一般过去时主要是通过谓语动词的变化来表示的。英语中每种时态都要求谓语动
词进行相应的变化。在一般过去时里，要求谓语动词用动词“过去式”。
原形动词变为过去式，可以概括为两类：一类是规则的变化，另一类是不规则的
变化。
1.规则变化的动词过去式
(1) 在词尾加 ed 或 d
英语中大部分动词过去式都是规则变化的，即在动词后加上 ed；如果结尾字母
是不发音的 e，则只要加上一个 d 就行了。例如：
work-worked
clean-cleaned
play-played
decide-decided
live-lived
love-loved
(2) 以辅音字母+y 结尾的，变 y 为 i 加 ed
study-studied
hurry-hurried
carry-carried
(3) 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母再加 ed
stop-stopped
drop-dropped
2.不规则变化的动词过去式
不规则变化是指过去式不能加 ed，用另外一个词来表示。这样的不规则过去式
也有很多，只有靠一个一个去记忆了。例如：
is/am-was
are-were
have/has-had
may- might
shall-should
will-would
can-could
go-went
come-came
take-took
swim-swam
sit-sat
say-said
get-got
run-ran
write-wrote
sing-sang
tell-told
speak-spoke
begin-began
break-broke
不规则变化中，还有少数词的过去式与原形动词完成相同；read 的过去式只是读
音改变了。例如：
cut-cut
keep-kept
build-built
ring-rang
put-put
let-let
read-read [red]
feel-felt
sleep-slept
sweep-swept
lend-lent
send-sent
spend-spent
sit-sat
drink-drank
sing-sang
swim-swam
think-thought buy-bought bring-brought fight-fought
teach-taught catch-caught
know-knew grow-grew throw-threw draw-drew
3.规则动词过去式的读音
在清辅音[p] [k] [f] [s] 等后，ed 要读[t]。例如：worked,finished
在元音或浊辅音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等后，ed 要读[d]。例如：lived,called
在[t]或[d]后，ed 读[id]。例如：started，needed
四、一般过去时的疑问句型
过去时的一般疑问句可以分为两类。
1.was / were
它们的一般疑问句是将 was / were,移到主语前面，否定句是直接在它们后面加上
not。例如：
He was very busy last Friday.
He wasn't very busy last Friday.
Was he very busy last Friday? Yes,he was. / No,he wasn't.
2. 实义动词
实义动词过去式的一般疑问句，是在主语前加上 did；否定句是在谓语动词前加
上 did not，并将谓语动词改为动词原形。请注意：过去时不分人称和单复数，
都是加 did 或 did not。例如：
Li Ming studied English this morning.
Did Li Ming study English this morning？Yes,he did. /No,he didn't.
Li Ming didn't study English this morning.
We often played badminton together.
Did you play badminton together? Yes,we did. / No,we didn't.
We didn't play badminton together.
其次，had 作为实义动词的话，加 did 或 did not.
例如：They had a meeting last Friday.
Did they have a meeting last Friday? Yes,they did. No,they didn't.
They didn't have a meeting last Friday.
3.过去时的特殊疑问句
How did you find the job? I found it in the newspaper.这工作你是怎么知道的？我
从报纸上看到的。
一般现在时要和现在的时间相联系，而一般过去时和说话的“现在”没有联系。
His father is a film director.他父亲是电影导演。
(他现在还是)
His father was a film director.他父亲曾是电影导演。 (他现在不是)
How do you like the novel?你觉得这部小说怎么样？ (还在看小说)
How did you like the novel? 你觉得这部小说怎么样？ (已看完小说)
五、一般过去时的句型口诀
一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。
动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。
否定句很简单，didn't 站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。
一般疑问句也好变，did 放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。
特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。
最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。
练习题
（一）选择题
1.–So you have watched the action movie, haven't you?
–Yes.I ______ it with my parents in Lu Xun Theatre.
A.watch
B.watched
C.will watch
D.are watching
2.–______ you ______ volleyball after class yesterday?
–No.
C.Do; play
D.Do; played
A.Did; play
B.Did; played
3.John usually ______ his grandpa on weekends, but last weekend he ______.
A.visit; doesn't
B.visited; doesn't
C.visits; doesn't
D.visits; didn't
4.–When ______ Carol ______ to Beijing?
–Yesterday.
A.do; get
B.did; get
C.has; got
D.had; got
5.Little Bob did his homework and ______ TV yesterday evening.
A.watch
B.watches
C.watched
D.is
watching
6.–What did your cousin do?
–He studied ______ the maths test.
A.at
B.of
C.to
D.for
7.–What was the weather like yesterday morning?
–______.
A.It was Friday
B.It was six o'clock
C.It was sunny
D.It was June the first
【答案】BAD
BCDC
（二）按要求完成下列各题
1.Jim's weekend was not bad.(对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ Jim's weekend?
2.How about going to the zoo? (改为同义句)
__________ __________ going to the zoo?
3.I played soccer last weekend.(对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ you __________ last weekend?
4.Jack did his homework last night.(改为一般疑问句)
__________ Jack __________ his homework last night?
5.I often visit my grandparents on weekends.(用 last weekend 改写句子)
I __________ my grandparents __________ __________.
【答案】1.How was
2.What about
3.What did; do
4.Did; do
5.visited; last
weekend
（三）任务型阅读
Mary went to Rizhao on vacation.The first day the weather was terrible! It was
cloudy and rainy.Mary took a bus to a museum.The museum was crowded but very
interesting.It was sunny and hot the next day.Mary went to the beach.She played
soccer and went surfing.It was great!
The last day she visited her aunt and uncle.In
the evening, they went to the movies.They watched a very funny comedy.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
1.How was the weather the first day?
___________________________________________________________________
2.How did Mary go to the park?
___________________________________________________________________
3.Where did Mary go the next day?
___________________________________________________________________
4.Who did Mary visit the last day?
___________________________________________________________________
5.What kind of movie did Mary watch?
___________________________________________________________________
【答案】1.It was cloudy and rainy.
4.She visited her aunt and uncle.
2.By bus.
3.She went to the beach.
5.She watched a comedy.

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