6.2.1 直线、射线、线段 讲义(学生版+答案版)2025-2026学年数学七年级上册人教版

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6.2.1 直线、射线、线段 讲义(学生版+答案版)2025-2026学年数学七年级上册人教版

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INCLUDEPICTURE "节.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/节.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../节.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../节.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../节.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "节.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
6.2 直线、射线、线段
6.2.1 直线、射线、线段
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "知识梳理.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/知识梳理.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../知识梳理.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../知识梳理.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../知识梳理.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "知识梳理.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(       ))
知识点一 直线
1.经过两点有一条直线,并且只有一条直线.简单说成:两点确定一条直线.
2.当两条不同的直线有一个公共点时,就称这两条直线相交,这个公共点叫作它们的交点.
练习1 对于如图所示的直线的表示方法,下列说法正确的是( D ).
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX148.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX148.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX148.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX148.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX148.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(\a\vs4\al(直线ab)))   eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX148A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX148A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX148A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX148A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX148A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(\a\vs4\al(直线aB)))   eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX148b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX148b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX148b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX148b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX148b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(\a\vs4\al(直线AB)))
A.都错误 B.都正确
C.只有一个错误 D.只有一个正确
总结 用字母表示直线时,必须在字母前加上“直线”二字;用两个大写字母表示直线时,字母无顺序.另外,直线可以水平画,也可以竖直画,还可以斜着画.
知识点二 射线
练习2 下列各图中,表示“射线CD”的是( B ).
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX150.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX150.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX150.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX150.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX150.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(A))    eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX150A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX150A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX150A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX150A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX150A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(B))
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX150b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX150b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX150b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX150b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX150b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(C))    eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX150C.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX150C.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX150C.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX150C.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX150C.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(D))
【解析】射线CD的端点是C,应该从点C向D的方向延伸.观察图形可知,表示“射线CD”的是B选项.故选B.
总结 用字母表示射线时,必须在字母前加上“射线”二字;用两个大写字母表示射线时,字母有顺序,即一定要把表示端点的字母放在前面.另外,画射线时,必须画出射线的端点和延伸方向.
知识点三 线段
练习3 下列各图中,表示“线段CD”的是( B ).
   eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX152.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX152.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX152.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX152.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX152.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5( A))     eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX152A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX152A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX152A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX152A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX152A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5( B))
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX152b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX152b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX152b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX152b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX152b.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(C)) eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX152C.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX152C.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX152C.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX152C.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX152C.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5( D ))
【解析】选项A是射线DC,故此选项不符合题意;选项B是线段CD,故此选项符合题意;选项C是直线CD,故此选项不符合题意;选项D是射线CD,故此选项不符合题意.故选B.
总结 线段的特征:①有两个端点;②无方向;③有长度(可度量);④无粗细.另外,用两个大写字母表示线段时,字母无顺序.
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "课后练习.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/课后练习.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../课后练习.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../课后练习.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../课后练习.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "课后练习.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(       ))
INCLUDEPICTURE "三角.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT 基础巩固
1.如图,下列说法正确的是( D ).
INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX154.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX154.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX154.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX154.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX154.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
A.直线AO比直线BO长
B.点B是直线AB的端点
C.点O在射线BA上
D.经过A,B两点的直线有且只有一条
2.下列说法正确的是( B ).
A.线段AB与线段BA不是同一条线段
B.反向延长射线AB
C.延长直线AB
D.射线AB与射线BA是同一条射线
3.如图,小轩同学根据图形写出了四个结论:
INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX155.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX155.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX155.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX155.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX155.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
①图中共有2条直线;
②图中共有7条射线;
③图中共有6条线段;
④图中射线BD与射线CD是同一条射线.
其中结论错误的是( C ).
A.①②③ B.②③④
C.①②④ D.①③④
【解析】①图中只有1条直线BD,故错误;②以B,C为端点可以各引出两条射线,以D为端点可以引出3条射线,以A为端点可以引出1条射线,则图中共有2×2+3+1=8(条)射线,故错误;③图中共有6条线段,即线段AB,AC,AD,BC,BD,CD,故正确;④图中射线BD与射线CD端点不同,不是同一条射线,故错误.所以错误的有①②④,故选C.
4.有下列语句:
①取直线AB的中点;
②线段AB是点A与点B的距离;
③延长射线AB到点C;
④反向延长线段AB,得到射线BA.
其中正确的是________.(填序号)
【答案】④
5.直线AB,BC,CA的位置关系如图所示,下列语句:①点C在直线AB上;②直线BC经过点B;③直线AC,BC相交于点C;④点C在直线AB外;⑤图中共有12条射线.以上表述正确的有________.(填序号)
INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX156.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX156.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX156.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX156.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX156.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
【答案】②③④⑤
【解析】①点C不在直线AB上,故①错误;②直线BC经过点B,故②正确;③直线AC,BC相交于点C,故③正确;④点C在直线AB外,故④正确;⑤图中以点A为端点的射线共有4条,以点B为端点的射线共有4条,以点C为端点的射线共有4条,即图中共有12条射线,故⑤正确.
故表述正确的有②③④⑤.
6.如图,平面上有A,B,C,D四个点,请根据下列语句作图.
INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX157.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX157.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX157.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX157.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX157.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
(1)画直线AC;
(2)线段AD与线段BC相交于点O;
(3)射线AB与射线CD相交于点P.
【解】(1)直线AC如图所示.
(2)线段AD与线段BC相交于点O,如图所示.
(3)射线AB与射线CD相交于点P,如图所示.
INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX295.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX295.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX295.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX295.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX295.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE "三角.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT 能力达标
7.观察下列图形,并阅读其相关文字:
①两条直线相交,最多有1个交点;②三条直线相交,最多有3个交点;③四条直线相交,最多有6个交点.
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX159.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX159.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX159.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX159.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX159.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(①))   eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX160.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX160.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX160.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX160.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX160.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(②))   eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX161.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX161.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX161.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX161.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX161.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5(③))
那么十五条直线相交,最多有( D )交点.
A.40个 B.45个
C.50个 D.105个
【解析】十五条直线两两相交,最多有n(n-1)=×15×14=105(个)交点.故选D.
8.如图,AE是一段高铁行驶路线图,图中字母表示的5个点表示5个车站,在这段路线上往返行车,需印制( A )种车票.
INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX158.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX158.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX158.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX158.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX158.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
A.20 B.18
C.12 D.10
【解析】图中线段有AB,AC,AD,AE,BC,BD,BE,CD,CE,DE,共10条,单程要10种车票,往返就是20种.故选A.
9.如图,直线l上依次有3个点A,B,C.
INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/SX161A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX161A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../SX161A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../SX161A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "SX161A.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT
(1)直线l上共有多少条射线?多少条线段?
(2)如果在直线l上增加一个点,则增加了多少条射线?多少条线段?
(3)如果直线l上共有n个点,则共有多少条射线?多少条线段?
【解】(1)以A,B,C为端点的射线各有2条,因而共有6条射线.线段有AB,AC,BC,因而共有3条线段.
(2)增加一个点增加2条射线,增加3条线段.
(3)由(1)可得共有2n条射线,n(n-1)条线段.
INCLUDEPICTURE "三角.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "三角.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT 挑战创新
10.有如下问题:“平面上,分别有2个点、3个点、4个点、5个点、…、n个点,其中任意3个点都不在一条直线上,经过每两点画一条直线,它们分别可以画多少条直线?”为了解决这一问题,小明设计了下表进行探究:
点数 2 3 4 5 … n
示意图 INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/H7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../H7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../H7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../H7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "H7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/H8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../H8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../H8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../H8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "H8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/H9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../H9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../H9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../H9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "H9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/H10.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../H10.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../H10.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../H10.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "H10.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT … INCLUDEPICTURE "../../../../广东慧源同步上册/广东慧源七年级上册数学/H11.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../H11.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../../H11.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "../H11.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT INCLUDEPICTURE "H11.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
直线 1 …
【发现规律】
(1)当点数为5时,过任意一点的直线有________条,共有直线________条.
【探索归纳】
(2)当点数为n时,过任意一点的直线有________条,共有直线________条.(用含n的代数式表示)
【迁移运用】
(3)请按照小明的探究思路,分析并解决下列问题:
某学校七年级共有6个班级进行足球比赛.
①若进行单循环比赛,每两个班级都要赛一场,全部比完共进行了多少场比赛?
②比赛结束后,每两个班级之间互送一份纪念品,共送出多少件纪念品?
【答案】(1)4 10
(2)(n-1) 
【解析】(1)当点数为5时,过任意一点的直线有4条,共有直线=10(条).
(2)当点数为n时,过任意一点的直线有(n-1)条,共有直线(条).
【解】(3)①进行单循环比赛,每两个班级都要赛一场,全部比完共进行的比赛场数为=15(场).
②比赛结束后,每两个班级之间互送一份纪念品,共送出的纪念品件数为6×(6-1)=30(件).6.2 直线、射线、线段
6.2.1 直线、射线、线段
eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5(       ))
知识点一 直线
1.经过两点有一条直线,并且只有一条直线.简单说成:两点确定一条直线.
2.当两条不同的直线有一个公共点时,就称这两条直线相交,这个公共点叫作它们的交点.
练习1 对于如图所示的直线的表示方法,下列说法正确的是( ).
eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5(\a\vs4\al(直线ab)))   eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5(\a\vs4\al(直线aB)))   eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5(\a\vs4\al(直线AB)))
A.都错误 B.都正确
C.只有一个错误 D.只有一个正确
总结 用字母表示直线时,必须在字母前加上“直线”二字;用两个大写字母表示直线时,字母无顺序.另外,直线可以水平画,也可以竖直画,还可以斜着画.
知识点二 射线
练习2 下列各图中,表示“射线CD”的是( ).
eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5( ))    eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5( ))
eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5( ))    eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5( ))
知识点三 线段
练习3 下列各图中,表示“线段CD”的是( ).
   eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5( A))     eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5( B))
eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5( )) eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5( D ))
eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5(       ))
基础巩固
1.如图,下列说法正确的是( ).
A.直线AO比直线BO长
B.点B是直线AB的端点
C.点O在射线BA上
D.经过A,B两点的直线有且只有一条
2.下列说法正确的是( ).
A.线段AB与线段BA不是同一条线段
B.反向延长射线AB
C.延长直线AB
D.射线AB与射线BA是同一条射线
3.如图,小轩同学根据图形写出了四个结论:
①图中共有2条直线;
②图中共有7条射线;
③图中共有6条线段;
④图中射线BD与射线CD是同一条射线.
其中结论错误的是( ).
A.①②③ B.②③④
C.①②④ D.①③④
4.有下列语句:
①取直线AB的中点;
②线段AB是点A与点B的距离;
③延长射线AB到点C;
④反向延长线段AB,得到射线BA.
其中正确的是________.(填序号)
5.直线AB,BC,CA的位置关系如图所示,下列语句:①点C在直线AB上;②直线BC经过点B;③直线AC,BC相交于点C;④点C在直线AB外;⑤图中共有12条射线.以上表述正确的有________.(填序号)
6.如图,平面上有A,B,C,D四个点,请根据下列语句作图.
(1)画直线AC;
(2)线段AD与线段BC相交于点O;
(3)射线AB与射线CD相交于点P.
能力达标
7.观察下列图形,并阅读其相关文字:
①两条直线相交,最多有1个交点;②三条直线相交,最多有3个交点;③四条直线相交,最多有6个交点.
eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5(①))   eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5(②))   eq \o(\s\up7(),\s\do5(③))
那么十五条直线相交,最多有( )交点.
A.40个 B.45个
C.50个 D.105个
8.如图,AE是一段高铁行驶路线图,图中字母表示的5个点表示5个车站,在这段路线上往返行车,需印制( )种车票.
A.20 B.18
C.12 D.10
9.如图,直线l上依次有3个点A,B,C.
(1)直线l上共有多少条射线?多少条线段?
(2)如果在直线l上增加一个点,则增加了多少条射线?多少条线段?
(3)如果直线l上共有n个点,则共有多少条射线?多少条线段?
挑战创新
10.有如下问题:“平面上,分别有2个点、3个点、4个点、5个点、…、n个点,其中任意3个点都不在一条直线上,经过每两点画一条直线,它们分别可以画多少条直线?”为了解决这一问题,小明设计了下表进行探究:
点数 2 3 4 5 … n
示意图 …
直线 1 …
【发现规律】
(1)当点数为5时,过任意一点的直线有________条,共有直线________条.
【探索归纳】
(2)当点数为n时,过任意一点的直线有________条,共有直线________条.(用含n的代数式表示)
【迁移运用】
(3)请按照小明的探究思路,分析并解决下列问题:
某学校七年级共有6个班级进行足球比赛.
①若进行单循环比赛,每两个班级都要赛一场,全部比完共进行了多少场比赛?
②比赛结束后,每两个班级之间互送一份纪念品,共送出多少件纪念品?

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