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(共17张PPT)
Section B
Grammar and Usage
1. surround
surround sb./sth. with. . . 使……包围某人／某物
be surrounded by/with. . . 被……包围／环绕
surround+反身代词＋with. . . 喜欢结交（某类人）；喜欢身边总有（某类东西）
surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的
surroundings n. 周围的事物；环境；气氛
练习：The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which __________________ (surround) by a high wire fence.
Vocabulary
was surrounded
2. indicate
indicate sth to sb向某人提及某事
indicate that. . . 表明，显示
as. . .indicated 正如……所示
indication n. 指示；象征
indicator n. 标志；迹象；指示牌
练习：As ____________ (indicate) in the survey, more and more people choose to travel abroad.
is indicated
3. favour
do sb. a favour帮某人的忙
ask sb. a favour=ask a favour of sb. 请求某人帮忙
in favour of 赞成，支持
in one's favour 对某人有利
favourable adj. 赞同的；有利的
favourite adj. 特别受喜爱的
练习：Most of them were in favour ________ my opinion while David was against it.
of
4. charge
charge. . .for. . . 因……向……收费 charge for. . . 收……的费用
free of charge (=for free) 免费
charge sb. with (doing) sth. =accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 控告/指控某人（做）某事
on a charge(of sth. ) （因某事）被指控 in charge 负责
in charge of. . . 主管／负责……（表状态，主语通常为人）
in the charge of sb. 由某人掌管（主语通常为物）
take charge of. . . 掌管/负责……（表动作）
练习：Please ensure that you bring your existing card with you. Your replacement card will be produced free _________ charge.
of
Verb-ed forms as attributives something produced by the mould
Verb-ed forms as adverbials Surprised by this, Fleming performed some tests.
Verb-ed forms as object complements his hard work and determination helped get its mass production started
Leading in
Working out the rules
The verb-ed form can be used like an adjective or an adverb, indicating a(n) (1) ________ (active/passive) meaning.
The verb-ed form can appear before or after a noun or pronoun. It modifies the noun or pronoun like a(n) (2) __________ (relative clause/adverbial clause).
The verb-ed form can be used as an adverbial or an object complement.
passive
relative clause
Verb-ed forms as attributives,
adverbials and
object complements
动词-ed形式作定语、
状语和宾语补足语
动词-ed形式作定语，有以下几种情况：
1.不及物动词的-ed形式作定语，常表示已经发生的动作。
She collected these fallen leaves and put them into the garbage bag.
她把这些落叶收集起来，放进垃圾袋里。
2.及物动词的-ed形式作定语，常有被动意义。
My borrowed book must be returned by tomorrow.
我借的书明天之前必须还回去。
动词-ed形式作定语
3.单个动词-ed形式作定语，常置于名词之前；动词-ed形式短语作定语，常置于名词之后。
Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass.
昨天消防队员仔细检查了地面，但是没有发现任何碎玻璃。
That gas pipeline project started in July 2020 will be China's longest gas pipeline in history.
这条天然气管道工程于2020年7月开工，将会是中国历史上最长的天然气管道。
注意：
①少数单个动词-ed形式，如left等，只能作后置定语。
The books left are for my students.
剩下的书是给我的学生的。
②动词-ed 形式修饰不定代词或指示代词时，要放在这些词之后。
There has been nothing hanged here since I left this town.
自从我离开这个城镇，这里没有什么变化。
动词-ed形式作状语
1.动词-ed形式作状语，常表示时间、原因、伴随情况等。
Adapted from J. K. Rowling's book series of the same title, the “Harry Potter” movies are universally acknowledged as classics.
改编自J. K. 罗琳的同名系列丛书，《哈利·波特》系列电影被公认为经典之作。
2.动词-ed形式作状语，有时可以与连词一起使用。
Children, when accompanied by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
有家长陪同的孩子们才准许进入体育馆。
3.动词-ed形式作状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致。
Inspired by the Comrade Lei Feng, we try our best to do good deeds.
由于受到雷锋同志精神的鼓舞，我们竭尽全力做好事。
4.部分动词-ed形式来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动关系，而表示状态。常见的有：seated（坐着的），hidden（躲着），stationed（驻扎），absorbed in（沉溺于），born in（出身于），dressed in（穿着），tired of（厌烦了）等。
Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.
他陷入深深的思考中，没有听到声音。
Born in Alexandria, Egypt, he moved to Israel with his family at age 12.
他出生在埃及的亚历山大港，12岁时随家人移居以色列。
动词-ed形式可在see、hear、notice、feel、have、make、keep、leave等动词后作宾语补足语。
I'd like to see the plan carried out.
我想看到这个计划被执行。
Every great culture in the past had its own ideas of beauty expressed in art and literature.
每一个过去伟大的文化都会使它美的观念在艺术和建筑中得到表达。
动词-ed形式作宾语补足语
练习
1. Today I tried cooking a simple dish myself. I like eating ________ (fry) tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy to cook.
2. The beautiful long branches ________ (cover) with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
3. ____________ (publish) in 1964, it's his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.
fried
covered
Published
4. Technological innovations, _________ (combine) with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
5. They make great gifts and you see them many times __________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
6. This actor often has the first two tricks _________ (plan) before performing, and then goes for whatever.
combined
decorated
planned

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