资源简介

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Book 3 Unit 1
Nature in the balance
Integrated skills
Calling for the protection of animals
Learning objectives
By the end of this section, you are expected to:
1. learn about how human activities have caused harm to animals;
2. be aware of the importance of animals and come up with ways to protect animals;
3. write an article for the school newspaper calling for everyone to protect animals.
Human activities cause
increasing harm to animals
1. Reading--figure out the structure and main idea of each paragraph
para 1
para 2
para 3
Human activities have brought many animals close to extinction.
Hunting and fishing have directly influenced the world’s animal populations.
Human activities that have indirect effects on animals can be just as harmful.
When you think of a fearsome hunter, images of lions and sharks may spring to mind. Recent research by environmental scientists, however, shows that in fact, humans are the most fearsome hunters (who have the greatest impact on animal populations). Human activities have brought many animals close to extinction. In the last 500 years, over 300 species of animals have gone extinct. Some activities, such as hunting and fishing, directly harm animals, while other activities, such as development in towns and cities, impact indirectly on animal populations.
fearsome很可怕的; 十分吓人的spring to mind突然想起
have the greatest impact on对 ... ... 有最大的影响
go extinct（变得）灭绝
impact indirectly on animal populations间接影响动物数量
Hunting and fishing have directly influenced the world's animal populations. Some people hunt animals for food: whale meat is eaten in some parts of the world. Some people hunt animals for fashion: animal skin is used to make coats and bags. Still others hunt animals just for fun: deer are tracked and shot by people who enjoy the excitement of the sport.
be tracked and shot被追踪和射杀
track v. 跟踪，追踪n. 轨道；跑道
keep track of 与……保持联系
lose track of 与……失去联系
on the track 在轨道上
shoot 拍摄；射击；冲
Human activities that have indirect effects on animals can be just as harmful. When we build farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat. We can also put animals in danger without ever entering their habitats. Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have a deep and damaging influence quite far from their source. Partly due to pollution caused by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has dropped greatly. As the human population continues to grow, so does the effect we have on animals.
nowhere adv.无处，哪里都不
go/get nowhere 毫无进展；一无所获
nowhere to be seen 哪儿也看不到
nowhere near 离…差得远，远谈不上
put ... in danger使 ... ...处于危险状态
damaging造成破坏的; 有害的; 损害的
【重要句型】so+助动词/情态动词/连系动词be+主语
该句式表示前面肯定的情况也适用于后面的人或物，表示“某人/某物也这样”
Useful phrases
cause increasing harm to
spring to mind
have the greatest impact on
bring ... close to extinction
go extinct
impact indirectly on animal populations
be tracked and shot
put ... in danger
对 ... ... 造成日益严重的损害
突然想到
对 ... ... 有最大的影响
使 ... ... 濒临灭绝
（变得）灭绝
间接影响动物数量
被追踪和射杀
使 ... ...处于危险状态
1.Recent research by environmental scientists, however, shows that in fact humans are the most fearsome hunters who have the greatest impact on animal populations.
2.When we build farms or factories, we destroy animal habitats and leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat.
3. Partly due to pollution caused by ship traffic and other human activities, the dolphin population has dropped greatly.
句子翻译
Retell the key points of the news report.
Human activities have brought many animals close to extinction.
Thesis statement:
Deduction:
Impacts on animals due to human activities
Direct
Due to building farms or factories, animals’ habitats or food sources are destroyed.
Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have an impact on animals.
Indirect
For food
For fashion
For fun
Today I want to talk about protecting animals. We often forget how important animals are to our world. They make our world more beautiful and lively. They provide food and medicine for us.They play a role in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. It's therefore our duty to protect animals.
The best way to protect animals is to do what many countries did with whales years ago. When several whale species were hunted near to extinction in the last century, many countries made killing whales against the law. If we make it against the law to hunt endangered animals, populations of these animals will have time to recover.
We must also try to protect animal habitats. Creating protected areas is an effective way to protect animal habitats. Well-planned and well-managed protected areas can ensure that water and food supplies are safe, and can reduce the impact of human activities.There are also things we can do to help protect animal habitats, and even a small action can make a big difference. For example, using less paper may not seem like it would save the animals in the Amazon rainforest. Yet since the loss of animal habitats is partly caused by people cutting down trees in the rainforest, to a certain degree, reducing the need for paper helps protect animal habitats from destruction.
Finally, making people understand the problems facing animals also helps. The more we learn about how human activities harm the environment, the better we'll be able to change our behaviour--before it's too late!
2. Video script
Beginning
State the purpose of the writing
Specify the importance of protecting animals
Body
Introduce ways to protect animals
Ending
Call for action of all people to protect animals
Review some useful expressions learned while watching the video.
1. Significance of animal protection
to make our world more beautiful and lively
to provide food and medicine for us
to play a role in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem
2. Ways to protect animals
to make hunting endangered animals against the law
to protect animal habitats
to make people understand the problems faced by animals
Video Consolidation
ANIMAL PROTECTION
3.Useful expressions to advise
The best way to...is...
We must also try to...
Doing...is an effective way.
Doing...can make a big difference.
Finally,doing...also helps.
3. 应用文写作指导之
倡议书/信
技法指导
倡议书是由个人或组织发出倡导做某事的应用文，常涉及公益功德方面的主题。格式大致与书信相同，也有称呼和落款。
1. 说明倡议的背景和原因
2. 列举倡议的内容和用处
3. 发出倡议
写作结构
常用表达
第一段
I’m appealing to you to pay attention to proper and frequent hand washing.
Our handwriting is not as good as it was in the past. To solve the problem, we should do as follows.
In order to ease the present serious situation, all students had better do as follows.
It develops rapidly and now has become one of the hottest topics. But still, problems cannot be overlooked.
常用表达
第二段
Never does it produce pollution, contributing to a low-carbon lifestyle.
It’s everyone’s responsibility to protect the environment. If we can change our way of life, we can make a big difference to the earth.
Our environment can benefit from such a sport, which can make our world a better place to live in.
Everyone ought to have a positive attitude to the campaign against the disease.
常用表达
第三段
Let’s work hand in hand to overcome anxiety and do our bits.
Hoping to see you participate in the activity! Take action now and you won’t regret it!
Let’s take action right now! I’m convinced our efforts will eventually pay off.
Please keep in mind that a small action can make a huge difference. Let’s make joint efforts to create a green and harmonious environment.
典例展示
假定你是某国际学校的学生李华，你校正在开展“创建美丽校园”的活动。请你用英语给全校学生写一封倡议书。要点包括：
创建美丽校园的重要性
校园内存在的不文明现象
你的态度
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右 2.请按如下格式在以下位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
I’m writing to call on everyone to take an active part in building a beautiful campus. An attractive campus can make our learning pleasant and thus improve our grades.
However, some students can be seen running on the lawn, picking flowers or throwing rubbish everywhere, which harms our school environment. Without doubt, it’s high time that immediate measures should be taken to change the present situation. In my view, everyone is responsible for the beauty of our campus. Moreover, if we all avoid doing anything improper, our campus will become much more beautiful.
Every effort matters. Let’s take action now.
Li Hua
翻译练习
由于我们的环境正受到严重破坏，政府宣称他们将采取措施保护环境。(claim)
至于我们这些学生，我们学校提倡从我们自身做起，比如每天步行去学校，而不是坐公交车，如果家不远的话。(advocate)
在环境保护问题上，表现良好的学生将得到奖励，但那些表现不佳的学生将受到指责。(reward, blame)
翻译练习
在任何情况下，我们都不能容忍一些人破坏我们的环境。(tolerate)
我们相信，通过我们的共同努力，我们会创造一个更美丽的世界。(It＋be＋过去分词＋that...)
Since our environment is being seriously damaged, the government claims that they will take measures to protect the environment.
As to us students, our school advocates starting from ourselves, such as walking to school every day instead of taking a bus if our homes are not far.
In terms of environmental protection, the students (who behave well) will be rewarded but those (who behave badly) will be blamed.
Under no circumstances can we tolerate some people destroying our environment.
It is believed that with our joint efforts we can create a more beautiful world.
完成句子
①很高兴你关心白鳍豚，我想和你分享有关白鳍豚的相关信息。
________ to know you're so ________________ the Baiqi dolphin. I'd like to share ________ about it with you.
②由于人类活动的影响和栖息地的消失，白鳍豚濒临灭绝。
_______ the ________ of human activities and the disappearance of their _______， the Baiqi dolphin is now _____ extreme danger of ________．
③为了保护白鳍豚，中国科学院建立了一个组织，目的是做淡水白鳍豚的研究。
_______________ the Baiqi dolphin, an organization _________ by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, ________ to make research ________ freshwater dolphins.
Glad
concerned about
details
Due to
impacts
habitats
in
extinction
In order to protect
was set up
aiming
into
④1992年见证了白鳍豚成为中国第四届大运会的吉祥物，引起所有人的关注。
The year 1992 ___________ that the Baiqi dolphin ________ the mascot of the fourth Universiade of China, __________ concern of all the people.
⑤自从1993年以来，一些自然保护区和特殊基金被建立。
Since 1993, natural reserves and special funds _______________．
⑥我相信，在大家的努力下，白鳍豚会重回我们的视野。
I _________ that ________ the efforts of all, the Baiqi dolphin will ________________ again.
witnessed/saw
became
calling for
have been set up
believe
with
come into our sight
满分作文(注：黑体部分为本单元的重点词汇)
参考范文：
Dear Jim，
How is everything going Glad to know you're so concerned about the Baiqi dolphin. I'd like to share details about it with you.
Due to the impacts of human activities and the disappearance of their habitats, the Baiqi dolphin, mainly living in the Yangtze River, is now in extreme danger of extinction. In order to protect the Baiqi dolphin, an organization was set up by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, aiming to make research into freshwater dolphins.
The year 1992 witnessed/saw that the Baiqi dolphin became the mascot of the fourth Universiade of China, calling for concern of all the people. Since 1993, natural reserves and special funds have been set up.
I believe that with the efforts of all, the Baiqi dolphin will come into our sight again.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
佳作背诵
(1)佳作一
现代城市生活使得人们越来越主动地走近大自然，去远足、踏青、野餐等。但是这些活动，也给大自然带来了许多伤害和问题。请你代表你们班级，起草一份倡议书，倡导保护自然。主要内容包括：
①人类带给大自然的伤害；
②你的倡议；
③你的希望。
注意：词数80左右。
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Nowadays, nature is constantly harmed by people, which in turn affects the life of the mankind. Take picnicking for example, fires caused by it have caused great damage to the wildlife and the forest. The rubbish left after the picnic also has negative impacts on the environment.
In order to cope with these problems and protect the ecosystem, we appeal to everyone's participation in fighting against unfriendly behavior. When getting close to nature, choose regions where tourists are allowed to get in. When having a picnic, never make a fire in the wild, especially in a forest. When returning home, get rid of all the waste you have produced.
Let's work together and start now! Your action counts.
(2)
当今中国，生态保护已蔚然成风。假定你是李华，请你给你的英国笔友Jack回复一封邮件，讲述你所看到的中国环境保护的变化，主要内容包括：
①生态环境的保护与变化；
②人们生活环境的变化；
③你的看法。
参考范文：
Dear Jack，
How is everything going I'd like to share great changes of the environment with you in China these years.
Due to masses of measures taken by the government, great changes have taken place. With the establishment of natural reserves and protected habitats, not only has the ecosystem once damaged recovered but the biodiversity in these regions has been increased.
Apart from that, the living environment of residents is also from good to better, where birds are often seen singing on branches of trees. I'm glad our environment is becoming better and better. What about your country
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
实战演练
教育部发文要求每个中小学生都要参与志愿服务。寒假将至，假设你是校学生会主席李华，请你在校英语报上发表一封倡议信。内容包括：
志愿者活动的益处；
可以开展的志愿者活动；
发出倡议。
注意：
写作词数应为80词左右；
请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Schoolmates,
Volunteering is playing a crucial role in students’ overall development. With the approach of winter vacation, it’s high time that we took up volunteering.
A willing heart to volunteer provides us with massive benefits. Volunteering not only makes us feel connected with the community but also is beneficial to our well-being. Blessed with a sense of purpose in life, we are offered an amazing opportunity to learn valuable skills.
There are different ways of serving people, ranging from volunteering at children’s home or libraries to virtual volunteering, helping pupils with schoolwork online, or promoting intangible heritage of Wu Culture.
Why not throw ourselves into volunteering It makes us a better person and creates a better world.
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
倡议书再练习
假如你是学生会主席李华，你校即将开展为期一个月的“环保节”(the Environmental Protection Festival)活动，请你在学校的英文报上对全体学生发出倡议，号召大家积极参加这个活动。内容包括：
1.活动的目的和意义
2.活动的主要内容
3.发出号召
注意：
写作词数应为80词左右；
请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellows,
To arouse students’ awareness of protecting the environment and increase their knowledge concerned, our school will hold “the Environmental Protection Festival”, which is expected to last a month.
During the festival, various activities will be held, like lectures given by experts, visits to chemical factories, an environmental knowledge competition, etc. Moreover, 10 Stars of Environmental Protection will be recommended and awarded.
Only with joint efforts can our festival go smoothly. Join us and take action right now!
Li Hua
Language focus
1. 人类活动对动物的危害越来越大。
2. 突然记起或想到
3. 对...有最大的影响
4. 人类的活动使许多动物濒临灭绝。
5. 灭绝
6. 对动物数量有间接影响
7. 为了好玩
8. 享受运动的刺激
9. 对动物有间接影响的人类活动也同样有害。
10. 破坏动物的栖息地
11. 这使得许多动物无处生存，或者没有食物吃
12. 我们也可以不进入动物的栖息地就把它们置于危险之中。
13. 在远离源头的地方产生了深刻的破坏性影响
14. 部分原因是
15. 随着人类人口的不断增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。
1. Human activities cause increasing harm to animals.
2. spring to mind
3. have the greatest impact on
4. Human activities have brought many animals close to extinction.
5. go extinct
6. have an indirect impact / indrect effects on animal populations / impact indirectly on / indirectly influence...
7. for fun
8. enjoy the excitement of the sport
9. Human activities that have indirect effects on animals can be just as harmful.
10. destroy animal habitats
11. leave many animals with nowhere to live, or no food to eat
12. We can also put animals in danger without ever entering their habitats.
13. have a deep and damaging influence quite far from their source
14. partly due to
15. As the human population continues to grow, so does the effect we have on animals.

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