资源简介 (共39张PPT)*penicillin*mould*bacteriasurroundindicateaccidentby accidentintelligentfavourn. 青霉素,盘尼西林(AmE. mold) n. 霉菌;模具;类型vt. 浇铸;塑造n. (sing. bacterium) 细菌vt. 围绕,环绕;包围;与……紧密相关vt. 表明;暗示;提及;指出n. 意外, 偶然的事;事故, 意外遭遇偶然,意外地adj. 有才智的,聪明的;有智力的(AmE favor)vt. 较喜欢;偏袒;有助于 n. 帮助,好事;赞同;偏袒Read after the tape and speak out the Chinese immediately.politician*lightningelectricitytheorythunderstorm*ribbonmetalchargeelectricn. 政治家,从政者;投机钻营者n. 闪电n. 电,电能n. 学说,论;原理;看法,意见n. 雷雨,雷暴n. 带子,丝带;带状物n. 金属vt.&vi. 充电;收费;控告;谴责;使……承担责任;使充满n. 收费;控告;谴责;掌管adj. 电的,发电的,电动的Unit 4P3Grammar and usageV-ed forms as attributives,adverbials andobject complementsDo you know how penicillin was discovered by Fleming A Exploring the rulesHenry is reading a science magazine article about a world-changing discovery. Find the verb-ed formsin the article and fill in the table below.The first one has been done for you.偶然地,意外地远非,几乎相反V-ed forms as attributives something produced by the mouldV-ed forms as adverbialsV-ed forms as object complementsthe prepared mindget its mass production startedSurprised by thisWorking out the rules The verb-ed form can be used like an adjective or an adverb,indicating a(n) (1) ________ (active/passive) meaning. The verb-ed form can appear before or after a noun. Itmodifies the noun like a(n) (2) _____________ (relativeclause/adverbial clause). The verb-ed form can be used as an adverbial or an objectcomplement.passiverelative clauseFocus on基本用法V–ed forms as attributives单个V-ed作定语,常放在被修饰词之前(left 除外),V-ed短语作定语时要放在被修饰词之后。单个V-ed作定语a. 及物动词的-ed形式作定语, 一般兼有被动和完成的意义。b. 不及物动词的-ed形式作定语, 有主动和完成意义。① a grown woman 一位成年妇女② an escaped prisoner 一名逃犯① a broken cup 一个破杯子② a wounded soldier 一名伤员▲单个V-ed作定语,原则上是前置的。但有些单个的 V-ed,在习惯上或因为受到某些限制,则放在被修饰词之后。1. He has spent all the money donated.2. This will be the best novel of its kind written.3. Who were the so-called guests invited 4. She always ate the food left.1. 被修饰词前有all, every等表“全部”概念的词修饰时;2. 被修饰词前有最高级;3. 被修饰语过长或有其他定语;4. 习惯上作后置定语的V-ed(如left“剩下的”)他花光了所有捐赠的钱。这将是这类小说中写得最好的。昨晚被邀请那些所谓的客人是谁呀 她总吃剩饭。a. the color TV set produced last year= the color TV set that was produced last yearb. a letter written to me by my daughter= a letter that was written to me by mydaughter一封我女儿写给我的信去年生产的彩色电视机2. V-ed短语作定语通常后置,其作用相当于定语从句。3. V-ed有时还可用作非限制性定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句,前后用逗号分开。a. The houses, built last year, were destroyed by the earthquake yesterday.=The houses, which were built last year, were destroyed by the earthquake yesterday.去年建的这些房子,昨天被地震摧毁了。b. Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.=Some of them, who were born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.他们当中有一些人,生长在农村,从未见过火车。1. There was an ________ (excite) look on his face when the actress appeared.2. It’s wrong for the ___________ (develop) countries to control the world.3. I have collected the money ______ (need).4. This is the problem _________ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday.5. The _________ (surprise) look on his face suggested that he had not expected so.exciteddevelopedneededdiscussedsurprisedFocus on基本用法V–ed forms as adverbials② Bitten by the cobra, the man was in danger.因为被眼镜蛇咬了,这人处在危险中。① Destroyed bythe hurricane, the old house is nowhere tobe found.由于飓风的破坏,那座老房子哪也找不到了。(As/Because it has been)(Because he was)1. 作原因状语② Water boils, heated to100℃.水加热到100度就沸腾。① Seen from the top ofthe building, our school looks beautiful.从楼顶上看,学校看起来很美。(When it is)(when it is)2. 作时间状语Punished by the parents, he won't come again.(Although he was)(If he is)虽然他很疲倦,他仍然继续工作。他若是被家长惩罚了,就再也不能来了。3. 作让步状语Tired, he went on working.4. 作条件状语② Absorbed in the work, heneglected food and sleep.他专心于工作,废寝忘食。① She walked out of the house,followed by her little daughter.她走出房间,后面跟着她的小女儿。(and she was)(He was)5. 作伴随或方式状语The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followedby some students.2. Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.1. Asked what had happened, he kept silent.3. Given more time, we would be able to do the workmuch better.4. Left alone at home, the little boy didn't feel afraid at all.5. The teacher entered the classroom, followed by somestudents.时间原因条件让步伴随 V-ed在句中可充当时间、原因、条件、让步状语,相当于一个状语从句;When he was asked what had happened, he kept silent.Because he was caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.If we were given more time, we would be able to do thework much better.Although he was left alone at home, the little boy didn’tfeel afraid at all. V-ed在句中可充当伴随或方式状语,相当于一个并列句;V-ed充当状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。Change the sentences into complete ones.1. When heated, ice will be changed into water.2. Unless invited, I won't attend his wedding.3. Once caught smoking in the kitchen, the cook will be fired.When it is heated, ice will be changed intowater.Unless I am invited, I won't attend his wedding.Once the cook is caught smoking in thekitchen, he will be fired.V-ed作状语有时可保留连词,构成“连词+V-ed”结构,即:while, when, once, as, though, unless, if 等连词)+V-ed。______ from the top of the building, the school looks beautiful.______ from the top of the building, we found the school beautiful.SeenSeeing从楼顶上看,学校看起来很美。我们从楼顶往下看,发现学校很美。 如果句子的主语和分词是主动关系,时间正在发生用V-ing形式。 如果句子的主语和分词是被动关系,时间已经完成用V-ed形式。1. __________ (compare) Shanghai with Xi'an, we found Shanghai is larger.2. _________ (compare) with Xi'an, Shanghai is larger.3. ______ (lose) himself in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.4. ____ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.ComparingLosingLostComparedFocus on基本用法V–ed forms as objectcomplements V-ed作宾语补足语表示被动或完成的意义。 V-ed与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。1. 表示感观、感觉和发觉的动词。如: watch, observe, see, hear, listen to, feel,notice, find等。① When we got to school, we saw thedoor locked.② He found his house broken intowhen he got back home.V-ed作宾语补足语常用于以下几种情况:当我们到学校时,我们看见门锁着。回到家他发现家被盗。① You'd better keep the guests seated.② We're having our car repaired.③ I'm trying to get this article finishedfor Thursday. ④ She had to shout to make herself heardabove the sound of the music.2. 表示“致使”意义的动词。如:have, make, get, keep等。3. 表示“希望、愿望、命令”意义的动词。如:want, expect, would like, wish,order等。① The teacher wouldn't like the problemdiscussed at the moment.老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。② I want the suit made to his ownmeasure.我想要这套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。4. 在with的复合结构中也可用V-ed作宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。① The murderer was brought in, with hishands tied behind his back.② With water heated, we can see the steam. ③ With the matter settled, we all wenthome. 凶手被带进来了,他的双手被绑在背后。(表方式)水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气。(表条件)事情得到解决,我们都回家了。(表原因)1. 动词-ed形式作定语:① 单个V-ed作定语,常放在被修饰词之前(left除外),V-ed短语作定语时要放在被修饰词之后。② a. 及物动词的-ed形式作定语, 一般兼有______和_____的意义。b. 不及物动词的-ed形式作定语, 有______和_____意义。被动完成主动完成① V-ed可充当_____、_____、_____、____、___________状语;其逻辑主语必须与___________保持一致;② ______+V-ed作状语;③ ______表示主动,进行的动作;______表示被动,完成的动作。原因时间让步条件伴随或方式句子的主语连词V-ingV-ed2. 动词-ed形式作状语:3. 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语:① 表示_________________的动词。② 表示_______意义的动词。③ 表示____________________意义的动词。④ with的复合结构。感观、感觉和发觉“致使”“希望、愿望、命令”B Applying the rulesB1 Rewrite the following sentences using verb-ed forms asattributives, adverbials or object complementsP49 B11. The scientist who has been highly praised won an award.2. The experiment that is mentioned in your article isinteresting.3. The patients soon recovered because they were treatedwith the new medicine.4. The scientist found that the equipment in the laboratoryhad been destroyed.5. Once this report is finished, it will be very useful forfuture research.The highly praised scientist won an award.The experiment mentioned in your article is interesting.Treated with the new medicine, the patients soon recovered.The scientist found the equipment in the laboratory destroyed.Once finished, this report will be very useful for future research.attributiveattributiveadverbialobject complementadverbialB2 Henry is reading an article about Franklin's kiteplete the article belowwith the correct verb-ed forms or verb-ing forms.Benjamin Franklin was a famous scientist, writer, printer, inventor and politician. As a scientist, he was well known for his kite experiment. The story goes like this: Franklin had found lightning (1) ___________ (interest) for years, believing it was actually electricity. He designed an experiment to prove his theory.He worked out that by flying a kite during a thunderstorm, electricity could go through the wet kite line down to the earth. (2) _________ (know) it was too dangerous to hold the wet line, Franklin held a silk ribbon (3) _____ (tie) to the end of it. He made sure the silk ribbon stayed dry so that the electricity would not go through his body.P49 B2interestingknowingtiedThen he attached a metal key where the ribbon and kite line joined. When a thunderstorm approached, the lightning would charge the key. (4) __________ (conduct) on a stormy day in 1752, his experiment proved lightning was really just electricity.Franklin had his theory (5) _________ (accept) by many people. However, some people questioned whether he had actually done the experiment, (6) ________ (argue) that if he had really done it, he would have received a deadly electricshock. Whatever the truth, Franklindid make contributions to the studiesof electricity.Conductedacceptedarguingto pass electricity through sth. so that it is stored there 给……充电P49 B3B3 Read the notes below about Alfred Wegener and histheory of continental drift. Then write a shortparagraph using verb-ed forms, verb-ing forms and to-infinitives. The beginning has been written for you. Looked at a world map and found the eastern coastlineof South America and the western coastline of Africacould fit together; Did more research and put forward the theory ofcontinental drift; Published his ideas in The Origin of Continents andOceans; People did not accept his theory partly because: it challenged many theories at that time; Wegener could not explain the driving force behindcontinental drift.Looking at a world map, Alfred Wegener found …Possible answer: Looking at a world map, Alfred Wegener found something amazing: the eastern coastline of South America and the western coastline of Africa seemed to fit together. He did more research to find out what caused this. Having collected enough evidence, he put forward his theory of continental drift. Then he had his ideas published in The Origin of Continents and Oceans. However, people did not believe in his theory. For one thing, it challenged many scientific theories widely accepted at that time. For another, Wegener failed to explain the driving force causing the continents to drift apart.注: 另附word文档,点此链接1.(2020·新课标I卷短文改错) I like eating fryingtomatoes with eggs, and I thought it mustto be easy to cook.Ⅰ.实战高考。fried2. (2020·新课标II卷语法填空)They represent theearth _______ (come) back to life andbest wishes for new beginnings.coming【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系,所以此处应用V-ed作定语,故将frying改为fried。【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent,所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系,所以用V-ing作后置定语。故填coming。3. (2020·江苏卷) Technological innovations, ____good marketing, will promote the sales ofthese products.A. combined withB. combining withC. having combined withD. to be combined with4. (2020·新课标II卷语法填空) They make great giftsand you see them many times __________(decorate) with red envelopes and messagesof good fortune.decoratedⅡ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Watching the __________ (finishing/finished)painting, Alice couldn't help smiling.2. Most of the artists __________ (inviting/invited)to the party were from South Africa.3. Do you still remember the Olympic Games__________(held/holding) in Beijing in 2008 4. The __________ (surprising/surprised) lookon her face suggested that she hadn't knownthe news before.5. There are many ________ (fallen / falling)leaves on the street.finishedinvitedheldsurprisedfallen6. __________ (frighten) by the noise outside,Sue dared not sleep in her bedroom.7. __________ (compare) with our small flat,Bill's house seemed like a palace.8. ______ ( face) with such a difficult task, wemust redouble our efforts.9. ________ (order) over a week ago, the booksare expected to arrive any time now.10. The lady returned home, ________ (follow)by the famous detective Holmes.FrightenedComparedFacedfollowedOrdered11. My computer broke down this morning,and I will get it ________ (repair) as soonas possible.12. We saw the house _______ (burn) to theground when we got there.13. When he entered the room, he found thewindow _______ (break).14. She won't have her long and beautifulhair _____ (cut) short.15. The speaker raised her voice but stillcouldn't make herself _______ (hear).repairedburnedbrokencutheard1. Can you find the V-ed forms in anarticle 2. Can you use V-ed forms as attributives,adverbials and object complements correctly 3. Can you make up sentences using V-ed forms as attributives, adverbials and object complements as manyas possible Self-evaluation各个击破1. Finish the exercises ofGrammar part inLearning English.2. Preview Integrated skillson pages 50-52. 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览