资源简介 (共27张PPT)专题七 形容词与副词第二部分 语法专题突破命题点1 形容词、副词的辨析及用法【考情概括】分析近5年甘肃中考真题, 形容词、副词的辨析是必考点。主要在单项选择和完形填空中考查常见的人物描述类、情绪性格类、事物状态类、天气类等。角度主要分为:①形容词词义及短语辨析;②副词词义辨析;③形容词和副词的混合辨析。形容词和副词的用法在任务型完形填空中考查。形容词短语在完成句子中考查。考向一 形容词◆形容词词义辨析(此处列举部分分好类的形容词, 老师可根据考情相应补充。)人物描述类afraid 害怕的 alive 活着的 alone 独自的 angry 生气的awake 醒着的 excited 兴奋的 famous 著名的 good 好的healthy 健康的 lovely 可爱的 noisy 吵闹的 old 年长的poor 贫穷的 quiet 安静的 relaxed 放松的 rich 富裕的soft 柔和的 shy 害羞的 strong 强壮的 surprised 惊讶的tall 高大的 ired 疲劳的 ugly 丑陋的 weak 虚弱的thin 瘦的 worse 更坏的 young 年轻的情绪性格类afraid 害怕的 angry 生气的 brave 勇敢的 careful 细心的clever 聪明的 confident 自信的 excited 兴奋的 friendly 友好的funny 有趣的 glad 乐意的 happy 开心的 honest 诚实的kind 善良的 lazy 懒惰的 lively 活泼的 lovely 可爱的nervous 焦虑的 outgoing 开朗的 patient 耐心的 polite 有礼貌的proud 骄傲的 sad 伤心的 shy 害羞的 serious 严肃的词义相对类humorous幽默的←→serious严肃的difficult困难的←→easy简单的similar相似的←→different不同的strong强壮的←→weak虚弱的light轻的←→heavy重的special特别的←→common普通的cheap便宜的←→expensive贵的interesting有趣的←→boring无聊的wonderful很棒的←→terrible糟糕的◆形容词短语辨析(5年3考)与about搭配be crazy about对……着迷be sorry about对……感到遗憾be worried about对……担忧与from搭配be absent from缺席…… be different from与……不同与in搭配be interested in对……感兴趣be successful in在……方面成功be weak in在……方面薄弱与of搭配be afraid of害怕……be full of充满……be proud of为……感到自豪be tired of对……厌倦与for搭配be anxious for渴望be famous for因……闻名考向二 副词◆常见副词分类副词的分类 时间副词 有now, then, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, ago, soon, immediately, lately, early, already, yet, ever等。地点副词 有outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home, near, away, in, back, off, up, anywhere等。地点副词和动词连用时不用加介词。副词的分类 方式副词 有quickly, happily, loudly, suddenly, luckily, badly, easily, fast等。方式副词大多由“形容词+-ly”构成。频度副词 有always, usually, often, sometimes, never等。程度副词 有very, quite, rather, too, much, so等。疑问副词 (词组) 有when, where, why, how等。关系副词 有when, where, why等, 常用来引导定语从句。副词 含义 副词 含义anxiously 焦虑地 badly 差地;非常bravely 勇敢地 busily 忙碌地carefully 小心地 carelessly 粗心地closely 紧密地 excitedly 激动地finally 最后, 最终 freely 自由地◆常见的以-ly结尾的副词副词 含义 副词 含义happily 快乐地 hardly 几乎不nearly 几乎 possibly 可能probably 也许, 可能 properly 合适地quickly 快速地 quietly 安静地safely 安全地 slowly 慢慢地softly 温柔地 strictly 严厉地副词 含义 副词 含义suddenly 突然 successfully 成功地◆频度副词辨析(2018省卷3题;2021兰州45题,2016兰州50题)(1)常见的频度副词频度副词 词义 频度副词 词义twice 两次 sometimes 有时once 一次 ever 曾经频度副词 词义 频度副词 词义always 总是, 经常 not…any ; more / longer 不再every day 每天 again and again 一次又一次every week 每周 at times 有时, 间或every month 每月 now and then 偶尔weekly 每周的, 每周一次 never 从来不频度副词 词义 频度副词 词义usually 通常 often 经常, 常常(2)频度副词的位置①在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后。如:She is always kind to us.她对我们总是很好。He can never come here.他再也不能来这里了。②在实义动词之前。如:He often goes to school early.他常常很早就去上学。考向三 形容词和副词的混合辨析◆形容词的用法副词的用法◆特殊的副词 有些副词有两种形式, 一种与形容词同形式, 另一种在形容词后加-ly, 但意义不同。考向四 用所给形容词与副词的适当形式填空分析近5年甘肃中考真题可知,在任务型完形填空和词汇考查中,主要考查根据形容词和副词的用法填原形,还涉及考查形容词变副词,形容词变反义词和形容词变名词。◆形容词变副词(5年9考)(1)形容词+lywise→wisely usual→usually careful→carefullyrecent→recently(2)以y结尾的形容词,变y为i加lyheavy→heavilyeasy→easily(3)以e结尾的形容词,去e加ly true→truly(4)以le结尾的形容词,去e加yprobable→probably impossible→impossibly◆形容词变反义词(5年2考)(1)dis+形容词 honest→dishonest agree→disagree(2)un+形容词 lucky→unlucky comfortable→uncomfortable(3)in+形容词 expensive→inexpensive formal→informal甘肃五年真题1.(2022武威Ⅱ.7题) —How’s the new restaurant —It’s ___.We waited a long time for the food arrive.A.wonderful B.exciting C.difficult D.awful(4)im+形容词 possible→impossible polite→impolite(5)形容词+less careful→careless helpful→helpless◆形容词变名词(5年2考) dangerous→danger different→differenceD2.(2022武威Ⅱ.10题) Linda spoke too quietly. I could ___ hear her at the back.A.always B.ever C.hardly D.usually3.(2020省卷7题) After months of looking he ___ found a job. That made him quite happy.A.hardly B.quickly C.finally D.sadly4. (2020兰州29题)We should learn to decide what is right and what is ___ facing rumors(谣言). A.easy B.difficult C.wrong D.highCCC5. (2019省卷Ⅱ.4题)Sam is 11 years old. Peter is 16 years old. Peter is 5 years ___ than Sam.A.older B.shorterC.newer D.longer6. (2019省卷Ⅱ.10题)I could ___ control my feelings at the moment. The movie reminds me of my childhood.A.really B.nearlyC.slowly D.hardlyAD7.(2019兰州29题) How ___ it rained yesterday! We had to cancel our football match. A.heavily B.light C.heavy D.lightly8.(2022武威Ⅶ.8题)Sometimes brothers or sisters will ________(agree) with each other and begin to argue.9.(2021兰州A卷45题) Judy visits her grandparents ____(one)a week.10.(2021兰州B卷45题) I ________(usual) watch movies to make me relaxed.Adisagreeonceusually满分突破11.Mrs.Smith showed the boys how to behave ___ like a gentleman at the dinner table.A.happily B.bravelyC.politely D.differently12.Yuan Longping is __ regarded as the greatest scientist in rice planting.A.suddenly B.patientlyC.hardly D.generallyCD13.The children were really ___when they heard the news.A.exciting; excited B.excited; excitingC.exciting; exciting D.excited; excited14.Great changes have taken place in Lanzhou.We are all ___ the achievements.A.known as B.proud ofC.similar to D.good withBB15.Millie ___ missed the train this afternoon.It started to leave right after she got on it.A.almost B.already C.hardly D.seldom16.He is an honest and kind man.I trust him __________(complete).17. You can enjoy water sports, or ________ (simple) lie on the beach.18.When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help ________ (polite).Acompletelysimplypolitely(共21张PPT)专题七 形容词与副词第二部分 语法专题突破命题点2 形容词和副词的比较等级【考情概况】分析近5年甘肃中考真题可知, 比较等级是每年中考的高频考点, 且会以多样的形式在单项选择、任务型完形填空、词汇中考查。其中重点考查形容词的比较级和形容词的最高级居多, 副词的比较等级则考查较少。形容词的比较等级中规则变化和不规则变化均有考查, 且涉及到原级的特殊结构“as...as”;比较级的特殊句型:“the+比较级, the+比较级”结构,“比较级+and+比较级”句型以及关键词than和much;形容词最高级则在固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级...”和“范围”中考查较多。1.形容词、副词的比较等级的变化规则(1)比较级和最高级的规则变化构成 例词单音节词和少数双音节词一般直接加-er, -est long→longer→longest以不发音字母e结尾的词, 加-r, stlate→later→latestlarge→larger→largest构成 例词以辅音字母加y结尾的词, 变y为i, 再加-er, -est easy→easier→easiesthappy→happier→happiest以重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母时, 双写该辅音字母, 再加-er,-est big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottest构成 例词多音节词和部分双音节词在原级前加more, most careful→more careful→the most carefulbeautiful→more beautiful→the most beautiful比较级要变化, 一般情况加-er。词尾若有哑音e, 直接加r就可以。一辅重读闭音节, 辅音字母要双写。辅音字母y结尾, 变y为i加-er。巧学妙记最高级加-est, 前面加the莫忘记。形容词、副词若是多音节, 只把more, most前面写。巧学妙记原级 比较级 最高级good/well better bestill/bad/badly worse worstmany/much more most(2)比较级和最高级的不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级little less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthestold older/elder oldest/eldest2.形容词、副词原级的判定方法和用法(2019省卷88题,2019天水38题)(1)由表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时用形容词原级。(2)表示两者在某一方面相同或不同时用原级。具体用法如下:用法 例句A+be/动词+as+原级+as+B, 意为“A与B一样……”, 表示相同或相等。 He runs as fast as me in the match.在比赛中他和我跑得一样快。A+be not +so/as+原级+as+B, 意为“A不及B那样……”, 表示不如或不 相等。 This red skirt is not so beautiful as that blue one.这条红色的短裙不如那条蓝色的漂亮。用法 例句A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B, 表示“A是B的……倍”(常见倍数:一半half, 一倍once, 两倍twice, 三倍及以上:数字+times)。 Our school is twice as large as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的两倍大。as much/many…+as, 表示数量相同。 John earns as much money as his brother.约翰挣的钱和他哥哥挣的一样多。用法 例句as+原级+as+作比喻的名词, 意为“像……一样……”, 此结构可形成许多习惯用语, 多用于口语。 He is as busy as a bee.他像蜜蜂一样忙碌。3.形容词、副词比较等级的判定方法和常用结构(5年11考)(1)由表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a few, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等修饰时, 用形容词或副词的比较级。(2)比较级的常见结构有:用法 例句表示两者进行比较时用比较级, 其结构为“A+be/动词+比较级+than+B”, 表示“A比B……”, 即A>B。(注意比较对象要一致, 如果加入数字, 则表示确切的量的关系) The woman speaks louder than the man.这位女士比那位男士讲话声音大。“the+比较级…, the+比较级…”表示“越……, 就越……”。 The more vegetables you eat, the healthier you are.你吃的蔬菜越多, 你就越健康。用法 例句比较级+and+比较级, 表示“越来越……”。 注意:若比较级是在原级前加more构成的, 则用“more and more+原级”表示“越来越……”。 Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.我们城市变得越来越漂亮了。A+be+less+多音节形容词原级+than+B, 表示“A不及B……”。 The film was less interesting than the book.这部电影没有这本书有趣。用法 例句表示两者之间进行选择时, 用句型:Which/Who+be+比较级, A or B Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth 哪个离太阳更近, 月亮还是地球 表示两者之间较……的一个(of the two)时, 常用“the+比较级”。 He is the thinner of the two.他是两个中较瘦的那个。表示“几倍于……时,”用“倍数+比较级+than”。 The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.长江大概比珠江长两倍。4.形容词、副词最高级的判定方法和常见结构(5年6考)(1)表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行比较时, 用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the, 副词最高级前可以不用。句末常跟一个in/of/among短语来表示范围。即用“A+be +the+最高级+(in/of/among)…”表示。(2)最高级的常见结构有:用法 例句表示“A是……中最……之一”时, 用“A+be+one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”。 Deng Ziqi is one of the most popular singers.邓紫棋是最受欢迎的歌手之一。用法 例句表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时, 用句型:Which/Who+be/动词+the+最高级, A, B or C Who eats most healthily, Jim, Tom or Jack 谁吃得最健康, 吉姆, 汤姆还是杰克?形容词最高级前面可以加序数词, 表示“第几最……”。用“A+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词单数+范围”表示。 She is the second tallest girl in our class.她是我们班第二高的女生。用法 例句形容词最高级前面可以用物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰, 但此时不能加定冠词the。 She is my best friend.她是我最好的朋友。形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。 He is taller than any other student in our class.他是我们班上最高的学生。甘肃五年真题19.(2021省卷8题)I can’t keep up with him—he runs ___ than me.A.much faster B.even worseC.less carefully D.more carefully20.(2020省卷Ⅱ.4题)It was a hundred times ___ than I’d expected.A.fun B.more fun C.the most fun D.funny21.(2020天水31题)The glass bridge in Shijiazhuang is ___ than any other one in China.A.long B.the longest C.longest D.longerABD22.(2019天水38题)—What do you think of the environment in your hometown —It’s ___. Both the air and the water are badly polluted.A.not bad B.as good as beforeC.much better than before D.not as good as before23.(2018兰州28题)The Nile is one of the ___ rivers in the world.A.long B.longC.longer D.longestDD24.(2022武威Ⅶ.6题)Who can run _______ (fast) in your class 25.(2021兰州A卷44题)Steven is much______(tall) than he used to be.26.(2019省卷73题)Steve is the ______ (tall) student in our class.27.(2019省卷76题)She tried _______ (hard) this term than before.满分突破28.The harder you study, the ___ knowledge you will know.A.much B.moreC.little D.lessfastesttallertallestharderB29.—What sports do you like ___ —Basketball.I think it’s very relaxing.A.good B.wellC.better D.best30.We are happy to see our city is developing ___ these years than before.A.quickly B.more quicklyC.very quickly D.the most quicklyDB31.It’s true that he speaks English ______ (well) than any of us.32.Which subject do you like _____ (good), math, Chinese or physics 33.Cells are the ________ (small) and most basic units of living matter.34.People who often list things they are thankful for are happier and _________(healthy).35.I don’t want to go outside. It’s ______ (hot)than yesterday.betterbestsmallesthealthierhotter 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 命题点1 形容词、副词的辨析及用法.pptx 命题点2 形容词和副词的比较等级.pptx