2023年甘肃省人教新目标(Go for it)版中考英语二轮专题复习:动词综合(4份打包)

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2023年甘肃省人教新目标(Go for it)版中考英语二轮专题复习:动词综合(4份打包)

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(共17张PPT)
专题九 情态动词
第二部分 语法专题突破
【考情概括】
甘肃近5年中考真题在单项选择、完形填空、任务型完形填空中考查了情态动词的用法, 考查角度为:①情态动词的基本用法;②情态动词表推测的用法。
◆ 情态动词的基本用法(5年9考)
情态动词 用法 例句
can(’t) 表示能力, 意为“能, 会”。 Sam can speak English well.
萨姆英语讲得好。
表示请求, 允许, 意为“可以”。 Can I borrow your bike
我能借你的自行车吗?
情态动词 用法 例句
could (n’t) can的过去式, 意为“能, 会”, 表示过去的能力。 Lang Lang could play the piano well when he was young.
郎朗小的时候钢琴就弹得非常好。
在疑问句中表示委婉的请求。 Could I have a cup of tea 我可以喝一杯茶吗?
情态动词 用法 例句
must (n’t) 表示主观看法, 意为“必须, 一定”。mustn’t意为“一定不要, 禁止”。 You must see a doctor right now.
你必须立刻去看医生。
You mustn’t play football on the road.你不要在马路上踢足球。
should (n’t) 意为“应该”, 表示要求和命令, 也可以表示劝告或建议。shouldn’t意为“不应该”。 Teenagers should obey the school rules.青少年应该遵守学校规定。We shouldn’t waste water.我们不应该浪费水。
情态动词 用法 例句
ought to 意为“应该”, 既可指有责任或有义务做某事, 也可指建议或劝告。 He ought to have kept his promise.他原本应该遵守他的诺言。
may 表示请求、许可, 意为“可以”。 You may sit here if you want.如果你想的话, 你可以坐在这儿。
might may的过去式。 He asked if he might go home.他问他是否可以回家了。
情态动词 用法 例句
might 表示请求、许可, 语气比may更委婉。 Might I smoke here
我可以在这里吸烟吗?
need(n’t) 表示需要, 主要用于否定和疑问句中。needn’t意为“不需要”。 —Must I finish my homework now
我必须现在完成我的作业吗?
—No, you needn’t.不, 你不需要。
情态动词 用法 例句
had better (not) 意为“最好”, 没有人称和数的变化, 后接不带to的不定式, 即动词原形。had better not意为“最好不要”。 You had better not smoke, because it’s bad for your health.你最好不要吸烟, 因为它对你的健康有害。
(1)由must引导的一般疑问句, 肯定回答用must或have to, 否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to(2018天水27题)。如:


—Must I finish the homework today 我今天必须完成作业吗?
—No, you needn’t/don’t have to. 不, 你不需要。
(2)May I… 表示请求时, 否定回答用mustn’t或can’t。如:
—May I buy some candies 我可以买些糖果吗?
—No, you can’t/mustn’t. 不, 你不可以/不许(买)。
(3)由need引导的一般疑问句, 肯定回答用must或have to, 否定回答用needn’t。如:


—Need I answer the question 我需要回答问题吗?
—Yes, you must/have to./No, you needn’t.
是的, 你必须回答。/不, 你不需要。


◆ 情态动词表推测的用法(5年6考)
(1)常见情态动词表肯定推测的用法
(2)常见情态动词表否定推测的用法
情态动词 用法
can’t 表示否定推测, 语气强烈, 意为“一定不, 不可能”, 可能性几乎为零。
may not 表示否定推测, 语气不确定, 意为“可能不”。
甘肃五年真题
1.(2021省卷Ⅱ.18题)We ___ try our best to fight against pollution.
A.should B.may
C.mustn’t D.needn’t
2. (2020省卷Ⅱ.15题)You haven’t eaten all day. You ___ be very hungry.
A.couldn’t be B.can’t
C.might D.must
A
D
3. (2020天水36题)—Where is Tom
—He ___ in his room. The light in his room is on.
A.mustn’t be B.can be
C.can’t be D.must be
4.(2019省卷32题)—Whose cap is this Is it Cindy’s
—It ___ be hers.Don’t you remember she even didn‘t come to the party
A.can’t B.might
C.may not D.must
D
A
5.(2019兰州32题)The magazine ___ Lucy’s.We can see her name on the cover.
A.mustn’t be B.can’t be
C.must be D.needn’t be
6.(2018省卷5题)—Can we play soccer here
—No, you ___ play it near the road.That’s too dangerous!
A.can B.may
C.won’t D.mustn’t
C
D
满分突破
7.—Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the city library
—Sorry, I am new here.But you ___ ask the police over there.
A.mustn’t B.can
C.can’t D.must
8.You ___ be very tired after such a long walk.
A.couldn’t be B.can’t
C.might D.must
B
D
9.—The red dress ___ be Linda’s, but I’m not sure.
—No, it be hers.It is too small for her.
A.may; mustn’t B.may; can’t
C.can’t; may not D.must; can’t
10.—You ___ hand in your homework now.You give it to me this afternoon.
—Sure, thank you.
A.can’t; need B.mustn’t; need C.needn’t; can D.needn’t; must
B
C
11.—You ___ park here! Look at the sign.It says “No parking”.
—Sorry, I didn’t notice that sign just now.
A.won’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.couldn’t
12.To keep children safe,we ___ put the things like knives and medicine away in our house. A.may B.should C.can D.might
13.—That must be Lily.
—No, it ___ be her. I saw her off at the airport just now.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
C
B
A(共22张PPT)
专题十 非谓语动词
第二部分 语法专题突破
【考情概括】
分析近5年甘肃中考真题, 非谓语动词主要在单项选择、完形填空、词汇考查、句型转换和任务型完形填空中考查, 考查角度包括动词不定式的用法和动名词的用法, 也会涉及过去分词的考查。
◆ 动词不定式的用法(5年21考)
动词不定式主要考查作定语、作目的状语、固定搭配。
(1)动词不定式的功能
功能 例句
作主语 To learn English well is important for us.
学好英语对我们来说很重要。
作表语 Her job is to do the dishes.她的工作是洗盘子。
作宾语(包括疑问词+动词不定式) They decided to visit the Great Lakes.他们决定参观五大湖。
Could you tell me how to get to the train station
你能告诉我怎样到达火车站吗?
功能 例句
作宾语 补足语 The teacher asked us to turn off the lights.
老师让我们关掉灯。
Please remind me not to be late for the meeting.
请提醒我开会不要迟到。
作定语 I have a lot of books to read.我有很多书要读。
功能 例句
作状语 Paul is too excited to say anything.
保罗激动得说不了话了。(结果状语)
He opened the door for her to come in.
他打开门让她进来。(目的状语)
I am sorry to hear that your mother was ill.听
说你妈妈生病了我很难过。(原因状语)
(2)不定式作宾语的常见搭配
would like/want to do想要做…… like to do 喜欢做…… agree to do
同意做……
hope/wish to do 希望做…… decide to do 决定做…… try to do
尽力做……
begin/start to do 开始做…… expect to do 期望做…… refuse to do
拒绝做……
afford to do 有能力做…… learn to do 学着做…… plan to do
计划做……
prefer to do 更喜欢做…… continue to do 继续做…… promise to do
承诺做……
(3)不定式作宾语补足语的常见搭配
tell sb.to do 告诉某人做…… ask sb.to do 要求某人做…… wish sb.to do
希望某人做……
invite sb.to do 邀请某人做…… want sb.to do 想要某人做…… teach sb.to do
教某人做……
allow sb.to do 允许某人做…… force sb.to do 强迫某人做…… expect sb.to do
期望某人做……
help sb.to do 帮助某人做…… advise sb.to do 建议某人做…… persuade sb.to do
说服某人做……
(4)不定式的常见句型
①It is +adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 做某事
②It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花某人……时间做某事
③It’s time to do sth. 到做某事的时间了
④It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
⑤prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
(5)疑问词+不定式
①动词不定式与疑问词连用时可作主语或宾语。如:
When to go to Beijing hasn’t been decided yet.
什么时候去北京还没定下来。(作主语)
I haven?t decided yet when to leave.我还没决定什么时候离开。(作宾语)
②“疑问词+不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。如:
Can you tell me where to get the scarf = Can you tell me where I can get the scarf 你能告诉我在哪里能买到这条围巾吗?
◆ 动名词的用法(5年16考)
动名词主要考查作主语、作宾语、作表语以及固定搭配。
功能 例句
作主语 Saying so much is useless.说这么多没有什么用处。
作表语 His job is teaching Chinese in a school.
他的工作是在一所学校教语文。
作宾语 动词宾语 I like playing football very much.我非常喜欢踢足球。
介词宾语 I have no experience in teaching English.我没有教英语的经验。
(1)动名词的功能
功能 例句
作定语 We need a washing machine.我们需要一台洗衣机。
(2)动名词作宾语的常见搭配
finish doing sth. 做完某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事 be worth doing sth.
值得做某事
be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 keep doing sth. 一直做某事 (dis)like doing sth.
(不)喜欢做某事
be used to doing sth.习惯做某事 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 consider doing sth.
考虑做某事
suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 can’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事 feel like doing sth.
想要做某事
enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 miss doing sth. 错过做某事 imagine doing sth.
想象做某事
mind doing sth. 介意做某事 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 look forward to doing
sth.期待做某事
◆ 既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词
remember doing sth.记得做过某事
remember to do sth.记得去做某事(未做)
forget doing sth.忘了做过某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事
forget to do sth.忘了要做某事(未做) stop to do sth.停下来去做某事
need doing sth.需要做某事(被动含义) try doing sth.尝试做某事
need to do sth.需要去做某事(主动含义) try to do sth.尽力做某事
◆ 过去分词(5年4考)
过去分词主要考查作后置定语、状语。
(1)过去分词的功能
功能 例句
作表语 The door remained locked.门是锁着的。
作定语 The building built last year is now a department store.去年建的这座楼如今是一家百货公司。
作宾语 I heard my name called.我听见有人叫我的名字。
功能 例句
作状语 The film star got off the train, surrounded by her fans.那位电影明星走下火车, 被她的粉丝们团团围住。
(2)过去分词作宾语补足语的常见搭配
keep sth.done 使某物保持某种状态
have sth.done 使某事(被人)做
make sb./sth.done 使某人被……/使某事被做
It’s said/reported/believed that… 据说/据报道/人们相信……
甘肃五年真题
1. (2020天水29题)We can overcome all the difficulties by ___ together.
A.work B.works C.working D.worked
2. (2020天水30题) ___ with my father’s handwriting, mine is poor.
A.Compare B.Compared C.Comparing D.Compares
3. (2020天水35题)Reading is a good way ___ the world.
A.for know B.for knows C.to know D.to knows
C
B
C
4.(2019兰州36题)We are supposed ___ some housework with our parents when we have free time.
A.to share B.sharing
C.shared D.share
5.(2018白银9题)My two cousins decide ___ a business together.
A.to start B.starting
C.start D.started
A
A
6.(2018兰州36题)Bob’s father can’t stand soap operas.He enjoys ___ sports games on TV.
A.watch B.to watch
C.watching D.watched
7.(2018兰州33题)Every morning, Tim often sees some groups of middle aged women ___ in the square.
A.dance B.to dance
C.dances D.danced
C
A
8.(2022武威Ⅶ.10题)
The teacher asked the students to ______ (circle) the correct answer.
9.(2022武威Ⅶ.5题)
More and more young people enjoy ________ (read) poems.
10.(2021兰州A卷43题)
Let’s ______(cheer) up the sick kids in hospital together.
11.(2021兰州A卷46题)Mr.Wang asked me to _____(give) a speech on how to study English last Friday.
circle
reading
cheer
give
12.(2021兰州B卷46题)Let’s ___(go)to the old people’s home to do some cleaning tomorrow.
13.(2019省卷80题)Would you like something to ______ (drink)
14.(2019省卷75题)David asks the volleyball star, Cindy Smith, about her ______ (eat) habits.
满分突破
15.Whenever you have a chance ___ English, you should take it.
A.speak B.to speak C.spoke D.speaks
go
drink
eating
B
16.The joke was so funny that it made him ___ again and again.
A.laugh B.to laugh C.laughed D.laughs
17.You can’t expect to _____(learn) a foreign language in such a short time.
18.Though we had difficulty _______(solve) the problem, we didn’t give up.
19.He has been warned to avoid _______(make) the same mistake over and over again.
20.Betty is often _____ (see)to help the lonely old man with his housework.
A
learn
solving
making
seen(共16张PPT)
专题十二 动词的语态
第二部分 语法专题突破
【考情概括】
分析近5年甘肃中考真题可知, 动词的语态是每年的考查重点, 在单项选择、完形填空、任务型完形填空和词汇考查中考查。具体涉及一般过去时的被动语态、一般将来时的被动语态、一般现在时的被动语态和含情态动词的被动语态, 另外在句型转换中4次考查主动语态变被动语态。
◆ 常考被动语态的结构(5年15考)
时态 构成 例句
一般现在时(4次) am/is/are+done English is learned by most students in China.在中国, 大部分学生学习英语。
一般过去时(6次) was/were+done Many trees were planted last year.
去年种了许多树。
时态 构成 例句
一般将来时 (3次) will/shall+be+done Children will be taken care of by her.她将照顾孩子们。
现在完成时 have/has+ been+done The door has been painted.门已经被刷过漆了。
The problem must be solved soon.
这个问题必须尽快解决。
含情态动词 (2次) 情态动词+be+done ◆主动语态变被动语态的方法(5年4考)
◆ 主动语态变被动语态的方法(5年4考)
【解题步骤】
步骤一:把原主动句中的宾语转换成被动句中的主语。
步骤二:把原动词改为“be+过去分词”的形式。动词的人称和数要随着新的主语而改变, 同时be动词的时态不变。不论是什么时态, 被动语态的句子都必须要有一个be动词。
步骤三:原来主动语态中的主语, 如需强调就放在by后面以其宾格形式出现, 以指明发出动作的人或物。如果没有必要, 则可以省略。
步骤四:其他成分(定语、状语)不变。
1.带双宾语的动词的主动语态变被动语态时, 可以将间接宾语或直接宾语转化成主语。若将间接宾语转化成主语, 则保留直接宾语;若将直接宾语转化成主语, 则保留间接宾语, 且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for。如:
She gave me a pen.(主动语态)她给了我一支钢笔。
→I was given a pen.(间接宾语me转化成主语)
→A pen was given to me.(直接宾语a pen转化成主语)


2.带复合宾语的动词的主动语态变被动语态时, 只把宾语变为主格, 原来的宾语补足语留在原处。如:
My father told me to wait for him here.(主动语态)
爸爸告诉我在这儿等他。
→I was told to wait for him here by my father.(被动语态)
3.在双宾语句子中, 一些感官动词(如hear, watch, see, feel, notice等)或使役动词(如make, have, get等)后面的宾语补足语, 在主动语态中要用不带


to的动词不定式, 但在变为被动语态时, 不定式符号to应补上。如:
We often hear her read English in her room.(主动语态)
我们经常听见她在房间里读英语。
→She is often heard to read English in her room.(被动语态)


◆ 主动语态表被动的情况
1.open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, cut, burn, drive等词作不及物动词时, 它们的主语为物, 可用主动语态表被动意义。如:
This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。
This kind of shirt sells well here.这种衬衫在这里卖得很好。
2.look, sound, taste, smell等连系动词用主动结构表被动意义。如:
Uniforms look ugly on us.我们穿着制服很难看。
Mooncakes taste delicious.月饼尝起来很好吃。
3.be worth doing用主动形式表被动意义。如:
This book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。
4.表示“发生”的happen或take place, 无被动结构。如:
甘肃五年真题
1.(2022武威Ⅱ.12题)Paper ___ in ancient China more then 2,000 years ago.
A.invented B.was invented C.invent D.is invented
The story happened on a cold night. ( √ )
The story was happened on a cold night.(×)
故事发生在一个寒冷的夜晚。
B
2. (2020兰州32题)My advice on learning English ___ .
A.accepted B.is accepted C.accepts D.are accepted
3.(2019省卷34题)A baby’s first month birthday is a special event in China and ___ with a special party.
A.celebrates B.is celebrated C.was celebrated D.will celebrate
4.(2022天水Ⅸ.3题)
The bees collect honey from the flowers.(改为被动语态)
Honey ___ _________ from the flowers by the bees.
B
B
is
collected
5.(2022天水Ⅸ.5题)
Finally, the police officer caught the thief. (改为被动语态)
Finally, the thief ____ _______ by the police officer.
满分突破
6.Sweeping robots ___ more and more widely. I’d like to buy one to help me clean the house.
A.use B.are used
C.used D.were used
was
B
caught
7.—I feel comfortable to enjoy walk on the clean streets.
— So it is. You know they ___ by the hard working cleaners every day.
A.clean B.are cleaned C.will clean D.will be cleaned
8.Gina went to the doctor’s and she ___ about the importance of good living habits once more. A.tells B.told C.is told D.was told
9.Children should ___ to say “thanks” for being helped and “sorry” when doing something wrong.
A.teach B.taught C.be taught D.be teaching
B
D
C
10.—The children ___ to follow the rules from a young age.
—I agree.
A.educated B.educate
C.should educate D.should be educated
11.—Chinese tea is popular around the world.
—I agree.It ___ to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.
A.brings B.brought
C.is brought D.was brought
D
D
12.People in Lanzhou are glad that a modern subway ___ in several years.
A.will complete B.will be completed
C.has completed D.is completed
13.We will solve the problem in two weeks. (改为被动语态)
The problem will ___ ______ by us in two weeks.
14.Lucy’s mother often makes her read English aloud at home.(改为被动语态)
Lucy is often made ___ _____ English aloud at home.
B
be
solved
to
read(共31张PPT)
专题十一 动词的时态
第二部分 语法专题突破
【考情概括】
分析近5年甘肃中考真题可知, 动词的时态是每年中考的必考点, 且在单项选择、完形填空、任务型完形填空和完成句子中考查。考查角度为:①一般现在时;
②一般将来时;③一般过去时;④过去进行时;⑤现在进行时;⑥现在完成时;⑦过去完成时。【注意:动词的基本形式变化表见本书专题八命题点3动词填空】
◆7种时态的构成和用法
★一般现在时(5年16考)
1.一般现在时的结构
肯定句 主语(非第三人称单数)+实义动词原形+其他.
主语(第三人称单数)+实义动词的第三人称单数+其他.
否定句 主语(非第三人称单数)+do not+实义动词原形+其他.
主语(第三人称单数)+does not+实义动词原形+其他.
一般 疑问句 Do+主语(非第三人称单数)+实义动词原形+其他? Does+主语(第三人称单数)+实义动词原形+其他? 答语 肯定回答 Yes, 主语+do/does.
否定回答 No, 主语+don’t/doesn’t.
2.一般现在时的用法
用法 例句
表示事实、现状、性质或经常性、习惯性的动作, 常与often, usually, always, sometimes, today, every day, once a week, every five minutes, on Sundays等时间状语连用。 He has an elder brother.
他有一个哥哥。
表示客观真理、客观存在或科学事实。 The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
用法 例句
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 I’ll go with you if you are free tomorrow.如果你明天有空, 我就和你一起去。
★ 一般过去时(5年12考)
1.一般过去时的构成
用法 例句
肯定句 主语+动词过去式+其他.
否定句 主语+did not+动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句 Did+主语+动词原形+其他?
2.一般过去时的用法
用法 例句
表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。句中的谓语动词要用过去式, 常与表示过去的时间状语 He failed the English exam last week.
用法 例句
连用, 如yesterday, last week, two days ago等。 他上周英语考试不及格。
表示过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作, 常与always, usually, often等频度副词连用。 When I was a little girl, I often played the piano after school.当我还是小女孩的时候, 我放学后经常弹钢琴。
在复合句中, 若主句是现在完成时, since引导的从句必须用一般过去时。 My uncle has worked in the company since he came to Zhengzhou.我叔叔自从到郑州以来一直在这家公司工作。
用法 例句
在复合句中, 若主句时态是一般过去时, 从句则要用过去相应的时态。 The children were having a picnic in the park when it suddenly began to rain.
当突然下雨的时候, 孩子们正在公园野餐。
★ 一般将来时(5年2考)
用法 例句
构成 ①shall/will+动词原形 ②be going to+动词原形
用法 例句 用法 表示将要发生的动作或状态, 常用的时间状语有later (on), soon, in a month (in+时间段), next time, from now on, tomorrow等。 I shall be eighteen years old next year.明年我就18岁了。
表示某种必然的趋势。 Fish will die without water.没有水, 鱼就会死。
区别 will构成的将来时, 表示事情没有经过事先考虑而即将发生。 They will arrive here this Friday.这周五他们将抵达这里。
用法 例句 区别 be going to构成的将来时, 表示事情经过事先计划、考虑、打算而即将发生。 I’m going to play table tennis with Mary this afternoon.
今天下午我打算和玛丽去打乒乓球。
★过去进行时(5年2考)
1.过去进行时的构成
构成 was/were+现在分词
肯定句 主语+was/were+现在分词+其他.
否定句 主语+wasn’t/weren’t+现在分词+其他.
一般疑问句 Was/Were+主语+现在分词+其他?
特殊疑问句 疑问词+was/were+主语+现在分词+其他?
疑问词+was/were+现在分词+其他?
2.过去进行时的用法
过去进行时主要表示过去某一时间点或某一段时间正在进行的动作。 What was she doing at nine o’clock yesterday morning 她昨天早上九点正在干什么?
在复合句中, 如果主句和从句的动作都是延续性的或同时发生的, 那么都可以用过去进行时。 While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.
他边等车边看报。
常与then, at that time/moment, at this time yesterday及while连用。 I was doing some reading this time yesterday.昨天这个时候我正在看书。
★现在进行时(5年9考)
构成 am/is/are+v.?ing
用法 表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的动作或存在的状态。 They are talking with friends.他们正与朋友们谈话。
表示长期的或重复性的动作, 说话时动作未必正在进行。 We are studying English these days.这些天我们在学习英语。
特殊词用法 已经确定或安排好的将来的活动, 常这样用的词主要是come, go, run, leave, begin, arrive等短暂性动词。 I’m leaving for a meeting in Shanghai next week.我下周将去上海开会。
特殊词用法 表示渐变的动作, 这类动词有get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 It’s getting warmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和了。
以look, listen开头的句子提示动作正在进行。 Listen! She is singing an English song.听!她正在唱一首英文歌。
★现在完成时(5年8考)
1.现在完成时的构成
构成 have/has+过去分词
肯定句 主语+have/has+过去分词+其他. 否定句 主语+haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他 答语 肯定回答 Yes, 主语+have/has.
否定回答 No, 主语+haven’t/hasn’t.
【图解助记】
现在完成时的动作发生在过去, 强调的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响。如:He has closed the window.他已经关窗户了。
2.现在完成时的用法
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 常与already, yet, just, before, recently, ever, never, since+时间点, for+时间段等时间状语连用。 I have finished doing my homework already.我已经写完了我的作业。
表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态, 常与“since +时间点”, “since+从句(一般过去时)”, “for+时间段”及how long, (ever) since, ever, before, so far, in the last/ past few years, up to now, till now等时间状语连用。 It has been five years since he joined the army.他参军已经五年了。
I have studied English for ten years.我已经学习英语十年了。
在现在完成时中, 如果有持续的时间状语, 则要把非延续性动词变为延续性动词。 I have had the book for two days.这本书我已经买了两天了。(用had而不用bought)
since与for用于现在完成时
“since+时间段+ago”与“for+时间段”都表示一段
时间, 可互换。


★过去完成时
构成 had+过去分词
用法 表示在过去某一时间或某一动作以前发生或完成的动作, 它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”, 常与by…, by the end of, before, when, after, until+过去的时间点连用。 I had just finished half of the work by yesterday.
到昨天为止, 我刚刚完成了工作的一半。
◆ 时态的判断和易混辨析
1.一般现在时与现在进行时的易混辨析
一般现在时表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作或现在的状态, 强调长期
性、稳定性;而现在进行时是指此时此刻或目前这段时间正在进行的动作, 强调暂时性、不稳定性。如:
He usually gets up at six in the morning.
他通常早上六点钟起床。(经常性、习惯性动作)
She is an English woman.她是个英国女人。(现在的状态)
We are working on the farm these days.这些天我们在农场工作。(一段时间内的动作, 表示这几天暂时在农场工作)
Look!The boys are fighting.
看!男孩们正在打架。(此刻正在发生的动作)
2.一般过去时和现在完成时的易混辨析
两个都是表示过去发生的事情。但一般过去时只强调过去发生的事情本身, 不涉及与现在的关系;现在完成时则强调过去的动作对现在的影响,主要说明现在的情况。如:
I opened the door just now.我刚才打开了门。(指刚才做了“开门”的动作, 但现在门是否开着, 并未说明)
I have opened the door.我已经把门打开了。(门现在还开着)
3.一般过去时和过去进行时的易混辨析
一般过去时表示过去发生的事情, 强调动作结束, 侧重于事实。而过去进行时表示动作在过去某时间内进行, 强调动作的持续性和未完成性。如:
I wrote a letter to a friend last night.
我昨天晚上写了一封信给一个朋友。(信写完了, 强调事实)
I was writing a letter to a friend last night.
昨天晚上我在给一个朋友写信。(信不一定写完, 强调动作)
4.表示“将来时态”几种形式的易混辨析
在初中阶段, 我们学了用will/shall+动词原形, be going to+动词原形, be doing以及一般现在时等四种形式表达将来。
(1)will/shall表示单纯的将来(即现在之后)。如:
He will be back in a few days.他几天之后回来。(单纯将来)
(2)“be going to+动词原形”多用于口语, 强调事先“打算、计划”要做的事情或有某种迹象表明要发生的事情。如:
What are you going to do this evening 你今天晚上准备做什么?(打算)
Look!There are so many clouds in the sky.It’s going to rain, I think.
看!天空乌云密布。我觉得是要下雨了。(有迹象表明要发生的事情)
(3)be doing现在进行时表示即将发生的将来, 可以这样用的动词有come, go, arrive, leave, fly, start。如:
She is leaving for Beijing.她将启程去北京。
(4)一般现在时表示将来, 主要用于时间状语从句或条件状语从句中;或者用于表示按时刻表的规定即将要发生的动作或安排好的事情。如:My
plane takes off at seven tomorrow morning.我的航班明天早上七点起飞
甘肃五年真题
1.(2022武威Ⅱ.17题)We ___ a e and join in.
A.were having B.are having C.had D.have been
2. (2020省卷Ⅱ.6题)I can’t hear you. I ___ to an English speech.
A.am listening B.was listening C.listen D.listened
3. (2020省卷Ⅱ.9题)I ___ the guitar ever since I was 8 years old.
A.played B.have played C.am playing D.will play
B
A
B
4. (2020省卷Ⅱ.13题)I want a mobile phone which ___ good pictures.
A.took B.is taking C.takes D.take
5. (2020兰州31题)Be quiet, please. They ___ a meeting now.
A.have B.had C.are having D.were having
6. (2020兰州36题)—How long ___ you chemistry so far
—For almost one year.
A.are; studying B.do; study
C.have; studied D.will; study
C
C
C
7.(2018省卷7题)She ___ an English magazine when I came in.
A.reads B.had read C.will read D.was reading
8.(2021甘肃A卷48题)
Sam has already _____(save)85 yuan for his favorite model car.
9.(2021甘肃B卷42题)
Aunt Li _____(ask)me to help her feed the chickens last week.
10.(2021甘肃B卷44题)
Some children are _______(play) soccer on the playground now.
D
saved
asked
playing
11.(2019省卷78题)Our geography teacher told us the moon ______
(circle) the earth every 28 days.
满分突破
12.This is the first time I ___ a baseball game.
A.watch B.am watching C.have watched D.will watch
13.My little brother is going to be a scientist like Yang Zhenning when he ___ up.
A.grows B.grew C.will grow D.has grown
circles
C
A
14.Each of us ___ a life goal, which will guide us to a bright future.
A.have B.has C.will have D.had
15.I thought about it for a while and finally ___ to accept the task. It was a chance to challenge myself.
A.decided B.decides C.has decided D.decide
16.—Have you ever been to the Great Wall
—Yes.We ___ there last month.
A.go B.went C.were going D.will go
B
A
B
17.I often ___ books in the evening.Because it’s quiet.
A.reads B.read C.am reading D.have read
18.I’m busy now.I will go/am ______ (go) to your home after supper.
19.Sam was _________(draw)a picture while his mother was washing clothes in the yard at this time yesterday.
20.How clean the classroom is! I am sure that Amy has ________(clean) it.
21.Mrs.Black _______(pick) some flowers in the garden yesterday.
B
going
drawing
cleaned
picked

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