资源简介

(共26张PPT)
Unit4 Sharing
Review useful structures
Review of phrases
Learning Objectives
1. Review how to use phrases.
2. Learn to distinguish phrases and use them flexibly.
3. Learn to use phrases correctly in daily lives.
Step1 Presentaion
Phrases
Noun phrase(NP)
名词短语
动词短语
Verb phrase(VP)
Adjective phrase(AdjP)
形容词短语
Adverbial phrase(AdvP)
副词短语
Prepositional phrase(PreP)
介词短语
Look at the following phrases and recognize their types.
① clothes shop
② developed countries
③ quite well
④ the more, the better
⑤ from behind
⑥ in favor of
⑦ give up
⑧ put up with
NP
NP
AdvP
AdjP
PreP
PreP
VP
VP
一、 名词短语 (noun phrases,简称NP)
名词短语至少是两个词,名词与它的修饰语一起构成名词短语。名词短语一般在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾补等成分。
名词短语中的修饰语: 一般来说,名词前面有两种修饰语。
其一是限定词, 用来限定名词所指的范围,对名词起泛指或特指、定量或不定量等的限定修饰作用。
【提醒】限定词包括冠词 (a, an, the)、指示代词 (this, that, these, those等)、物主代词 (my, your, his, her, our, their等) 和不定代词(some, no, neither, both等)。
形容词
作定语
a useful book
a shoe store
修饰语（定语）
名词作定语
boiling water
boiled water
V-ing 和V-ed作定语
指出下列句子中画线名词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。
1. These ideas may seem strange to you. 作 ______
2. We love our great motherland very much. 作 _____
3. The man wearing a black coat is our teacher. 作_____
4. Those beautiful flowers come from Yunnan Province.
作 _____
5. We elected him monitor of our class. 作 ______
主语
宾语
表语
主语
宾补
1. 形容词短语在句中作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，作 _____，还可用作 _______或者 ________等。
2. 形容词短语由“ (副词) ＋ 形容词 ＋ (介词短语) ”组成。
表语、状语
宾语补足语
定语
二、 形容词短语 (adjective phrases,简称AdjP)
指出下列句子中画线部分所作的成分。
1. This is a subject worthy of careful study.
作 ________
2. Our English teacher is very nice and patient.
作 ________
3. I found it very hard to get along with foreigners. 作________
定语
表语
宾语补足语
副词短语是指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于副词。
三、副词短语 (adverbial phrases, 简称AdvP)
指出下列句子中画线副词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。
1. He ran very quickly yesterday.
修饰 _____ 作 _______
动词
方式状语
2. I am much too pleased to see you.
修饰 _______ 作 _______
3. She plays well enough as a beginner.
修饰 _______ 作 _______
4. He worked much more carefully on the new design. 修饰 _______ 作 _______
形容词
程度状语
动词
方式状语
副词
程度状语
三、副词短语 (adverbial phrases, 简称AdvP)
1. 副词短语在句中作副词用，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词，作 _________ 。
2. 副词短语由“ (修饰语) ＋ 副词”组成。
状语
【提醒】副词enough在修饰形容词或者副词构成形容词短语或者副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。
三、副词短语 (adverbial phrases, 简称AdvP)
1. His wife often _______________________.
他的妻子经常警告他开车不要太快。
2. Don’t worry. My mother will _________
________________________.
不要担心，我妈妈会很细心地照顾你的孩子。
warns him not to drive too fast
look after
your baby carefully enough
三、副词短语 (adverbial phrases, 简称AdvP)
① 在英语中动词短语按其在句子中的功能可分为谓语动词和非谓语动词短语。
② 谓语动词是由时态、人称和数来决定动词形式,是表示动作或状态的,它又可分为:实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词四种。
四、动词短语 (verb phrases，简称VP)
非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。
四、动词短语 (verb phrases，简称VP)
非谓语动词
to do (表目的、将来)
doing(表主动、进行)
done(表被动、完成)
动词短语的构成
1. 动词＋副词
1. He brought up his children strictly.
2. Something unexpected has turned up.
2. 动词＋介词
I don’t care much for other people’s opinion.
3. 动词＋副词＋介词
We must work hard to make up for lost time.
动词短语的构成
4. 动词＋名词
I want you to read that famous novel again and write a review.
5. 动词＋名词＋介词
Keep an eye on the baby while I am out.
6. be动词＋形容词＋介词
I know he is slow at understanding, but you have to be patient with him.
以介词为中心词的短语叫作介词短语，可在句子作 等。
五、介词短语 (prepositional phrases, 简称PreP)
指出下列句子中画线副词短语所作的句子成分，并注意其组成。
1、He was hunting in the forest when he saw the terrible bear. 作 _______
状语
状语、表语、定语、宾补
2、I think that your son must be on the playground now. 作 _______
3、The apple on the table is reserved for my little daughter. 作 _______
4、It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. 作 _______
表语
定语
宾补
五、介词短语 (prepositional phrases, 简称PreP)
Step2 Practice
1．At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gave ______ as she was so confident about her skills.
2．I'm going to take advantage ______ this tour to explore the history of the castle.
3．Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter settle________, get married, and have kids.
4. In no way can we give the secret.
5. On arriving home, my mother set preparing for the dinner.
in
of
1. Fill in the blanks
away
about
down
2. Fill in the paragraph
上周日,我所在的志愿者小组到汽车站(介词短语)参加了一次服务活动。一到车站,我们就受到了热烈的欢迎(名词短语);有的同学打扫候车室(动词短语),有的为旅客提供信息、搬运行李(动词短语)等;虽然很累,但是我们感到很开心(形容词短语)。最为重要的是(副词短语),我们能够为他人做些事情。 Last Sunday,our volunteer group took part in a voluntary activity
1.　 　 (介词短语).On arriving there,we were given
2.　　　　　　　　(名词短语).Some students 3.　　　　　 　 (动词短语) while the others offered the passengers the information they needed and
4.　　　　 　 (动词短语) for them.Although we were tired,we felt
5.　　　　　　　　(形容词短语).6.　　　 　　　　(副词短语),we can do something for others.
at the bus station
a warm welcome
cleaned the waiting room
carried the luggage
extremely delighted
Most importantly
3. Translation
①又冷又饿，他停下工作回家了。(形容词短语)
②我强烈建议你要非常认真地思考这件事情。(副词短语)
Cold and hungry, he stopped working and went home.
I strongly suggest that you take it into consideration very carefully.
③在尘土飞扬的小路上，我们时不时碰见额头皱巴巴的老人在地里干活，对路过的人眼睛也不眨。(动词短语和名词短语)
Walking down the dusty track, we constantly came across elderly people with wrinkled foreheads working in the fields without batting an eye at the passers-by.
Homework
Finish the exercises on Reference Book.
Thank you!

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