资源简介

(共31张PPT)
Welcome Unit
Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures
A thousand-mile journey
begins with the first step.
--Laozi
. 句子是写作的基本单位，只有写好句子才有可 能写好文章。英语的句子成分有八种：
主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、
状语、同位语, 主语补足语和宾语补足语。
一、介绍与其重要性
● 学会判断句子成分对以后学习难句奠定了基础。 英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律，掌握了句子
的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配，
就能写出完整、正确的句子。
英语的句子成分：
一） 主语： 是一个句子所叙述的主题，
Walls have ears. 名词
—He will take you to the hospital. 代词
Three plus four equals seven. 数词
To see is to believe. to do不定式
Smoking is not allowed in public places. doing动名词
Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. 句子
二） 谓语由 动词/动词短语 担任。 助动词或情态动词加其他动 词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。 说明主语所做的动作或状态.动词有 着各种时态的变化
Action speaks louder than words.
The chance may never come again.
Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994.
（三）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。
宾语一般放在 动词/动词短语 之后。 介词 词 后也会跟宾语。
She covered her face with her hands. 名词 n
We haven't seen her for a long time. 代词 pron
Do you mind opening the window 动名词
Give me four please. 代词和数词
He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式
We need know what others are doing. 句子
We should care more about our friends.介词+名词
宾语种类：
（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）
You lend me your dictionary.
My mother bought my brother a computer.
（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）
They elected him their monitor.
I find the homework difficult to finish.
（四）表语 它的位置在 系动词、连系动词 之后。是 用来说明主语的 特征 , 状态 , 性质 的.
My father is a professor. 名词 n
Who's that It's me.代词 pron
Everything here is expensive. 形容词 adj
The match became very exciting. adj
The story of my life may be of help to others. 介词短语
Three times five is fifteen. 数词
His plan is to seek work in the city. to do不定式
My first idea was that you should hide your feelings.
句子
常见的系动词有:
be(am,is,are,were,was),
look,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound,
keep,stay,become,get,grow,come,go,

… .
The cake tastes nice.
The water feels cold.
These stories sound interesting.
（五） 定语 是修饰名 词.单词作定语时通常放
在它所修饰的名词之 前 ；短语和从句作定
语时则放在它所修饰的名词之 后 。
They are woman workers. 名词
Tom's father didn't write home until yesterday. 名词所有格
Mary is a beautiful girl.. 形容词 adj
The play has three acts. 数词
I have nothing to eat. to do 不定式
Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here.
This is her first trip to Europe.
China is a developing country.
形容词 /序数词 /to do 不定式
现在分词 doing
从句
(六）状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子， 说明动作或状态的特征状语表示地点、时间、 原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、伴随情况等。
The best fish swim near the bottom. 地点状语
I left the village five years ago. 时间状语
I arrived late because of the traffic jam . 原因状语
We'll send a car to fetch you. 目的状语
l s n pe two minutes ,
The students came into the classroom,
语
in
果状
on
结
rs
s
a
e
t
n
a
o
e
b
n
y
a
l
c
o
h
ing
e fi
v
h
ea
T
singing and dancing. 伴随状语 If he goes, so will I . 条件状语
Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 让步状语
七）宾语补足语。 英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外， 还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。
They elected me captain of the team. 名词
We try to make our country strong. 形容词
We found everything in good order there. 介词短语
I should advise you to get the chance. to do 不定式
I saw him going upstairs. 现在分词 doing
They found the housebroken in. done 过去分词
宾语和宾语补足语一起构成动词的 复合结构
(八）主语补足语 如果上述结构变成被动语态，原宾 语成为主语，原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语
I was elected captain of the team.
Our country will be made strong.
与宾语补足语一样
8同位语：
当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，一个
句子成分（ 1） 用来说明和解释另一个句子成分 ( 2 ) , 这个句子成分 ( 1 ) 就叫做另一個句子成分 （2）的同位语。
We students should study hard.
(students是we 的同位语，都是指同一批‘学生’）
We all are students.
(all是we 的同位语，都指同样的‘我们’）
I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
主 谓 语 语
同位语
定 语
宾 语
状 语
一) 挑出下列句中的宾语
① My brother hasn't done his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
④ How many new words did you learn last class
⑤ The old man sitting at the gate said that he was
ill.
个完整的句子做宾语， 那么这个句子叫宾语从句。
一
一
(二) 挑出下列句中的表语
-- The old man was feeling very tired.
-- The leaves have turned yellow.
-- Soon They all became interested in the
subject.
-- My dream is that I can be admitted into a
key university.
个完整的句子做表语， 那么这个句子叫表语从句。
一
一
(三) 挑出下列句中的定语
1. What is your last name
2. I am afraid some people forgot to clean the
floor.
3. The man in the gym was trying to sleep.
4.Gym is a place where you can exercise and
have fun.
个完整的句子做表语， 那么这个句子叫表语从句。
一
一
(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语
① He asked her to take the boy out of school.
② She found it difficult to do the work.
③ They call me Lily sometimes.
④ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
(五) 挑出下列句中的状语
① There was a big smile on her face.
② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.
③ The man on the motorbike was traveling
too fast.
④ He began to learn English when he was
eleven.
个完整的句子做状语， 那么这个句子叫状语从句。
一
一
试一试：
(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词 .
① The teacher with two of his students
is walking into the classroom.
② There is an old man coming here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by m
y mother last year.
④ To do today's homework without the
teacher's help is very difficult.
(二). 选出句中谓语的中心词.
① I don't like the picture on the wall.
A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall
② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
A. get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus
A. Do B. usually C. go D.
④ There will be a meeting at the library this after noon.
A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon
⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast
A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast
⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework
⑦ What I want to tell you is this.
A. want B. to tell C. you D. is
⑧ We had better send for a doctor.
A. We B. had C. send D. doctor
⑨ He is interested in music.
A. is B. interested C. in D. music
⑩ Whom did you give my book to
A. give B. did C. whom D. book
三) 挑出下列句中的宾语）
① My brother hasn't done his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
③ You must pay good attention to your
pronunciation.
④ How many new words did you learn last class
⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go
swimming, how about you
⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said
he was ill.
⑦ They made him monitor of the class.
⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.
⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school.
⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas“
really is.
(四) 挑出下列句中的表语.
① The old man was feeling very tired.
② Why is he worried about Jim
③ The leaves have turned yellow.
④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.
⑤ She was the first to learn about it.
(五) 挑出下列句中的定语 .
① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name
② What is your given name
③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. ④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep
the floor.
⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.
⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other
shoe!
(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语.
① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.
② He asked her to take the boy out of school.
③ She found it difficult to do the work.
④ They call me Lily sometimes.
⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
(七) 挑出下列句中的状语.
① There was a big smile on her face.
② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.
③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.
④ The man on the motorbike was traveling too fast.
⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li h urried off.
⑥ She loves the library because she loves
books.
⑦ I am afraid that if you‘ve lost it, you must pay for it.
⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see
the other machine.
(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语
① Please tell us a story.
② My father bought a new bike for me
last week.
③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next
term.
④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.
⑤ Did he leave any message for me
直宾指物
间宾指人
Thank you

展开更多......

收起↑