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广西南宁市重点中学2022-2023学年高一下学期第七周周测英语试题
一、词性转换（一空2分，共30分）
词性转换
1．puzzle n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt. 迷惑；使困惑→　 　 adj. 困惑的；茫然的；搞糊涂的→　 　 adj. 使迷惑的；使莫名其妙的→　 　 n. 迷惑；费解
2．defence n. 防御；保卫→　 　v. 防御；保护；保卫→　 　 adj. 无防备的
3．evidence n. 证据；证明→　 　 adj. 明显的；明白的→　 　adv. 显然地，明显地；清楚地
4．achievement n. 成就；成绩；达到→　 　v. (凭长期努力)达到(某目标、地位、标准)
5．location n. 地方；地点；位置→　 　v. 找出……的准确位置；确定……的准确地点
6．announce vt. 宣布；通知；声称→　 　 n. 公告；宣告；发表；通告
→　 　 n. 广播员；宣告者
7．generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→　 　adv. 慷慨地；宽大地；丰盛地→ 　 　n. 慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
8．eager adj. 热切的；渴望的→　 　adv. 急切地；渴望地；热心地→　 　n. 渴望；热心
二、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people 　9． 　 (confuse) by what these different names mean. 　10． 　 (get) to know a little bit about British history will help you solve the puzzle.
From the 16th century to the 19th century, Wales, Scotland and the Kingdom of Ireland were joined one 　11． 　 one to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, 　12． 　(result) in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The four countries that belong to the UK work together in some areas, but they also have some 　13． 　 (difference). The United Kingdom has 　14． 　 long and interesting history to explore. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by 　15． 　 (evident) of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
There is so much more to learn about the interesting history 　16． 　 culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more 　17． 　 (enjoy). If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised 　18． 　(find) that you can see both its past and its present.
三、阅读，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项. (共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
阅读理解
Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to take_control_of Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921, the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two "Irelands". Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.
In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage of work, forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8. 2 million in 1841 to 6. 6 million in 1851.
For many years, most of the Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace. The Irish are famous for being warmhearted and friendly. Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were "the greatest talkers since the Greeks".
Since independence, Ireland has revived (复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.
19．What does the underlined phrase "take control of" in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Reach. B．Conquer. C．Challenge. D．Support.
20．What does the author tell us in Paragraph 1
A．How the Irish fought against the English.
B．How Ireland gained independence.
C．How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.
D．How two "Ireland" came into being.
21．We learn from the text that in Ireland ____.
A．food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population
B．people are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside
C．it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker
D．different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments
22．The last paragraph is mainly about ____.
A．the Irish character B．Irish culture
C．Irish musical instruments D．a famous Irish writer
阅读理解
When I speak to other parents about how responsible my kids are, I often get laughed at or they make a comment about how strict a parent I must be. Giving kids responsibilities is a must. It is parents' job to make their kids become responsible adults and to prepare them for the real world and life as an adult.
Kids as young as toddlers (学走路的孩子) can be given small jobs to do and can help you around the house, in the garden, at the grocery store, etc. They can do little jobs like setting the table, helping to make the bed, washing dishes, washing the car and so on. When you let children do small jobs at a young age and make it fun, encourage, praise and thank them, it quickly becomes normal and a part of life. Kids who are given different responsibilities grow up with a much greater sense of self worth, self esteem and are more confident. As the children grow, their responsibilities grow and expand.
Doing everything for children or not allowing them to make mistakes and learn from them is not being a positive, responsible parent. The kids will more than likely end up with bad attitudes, and usually have no respect for their parents or other adults and at times have no respect for themselves. When your kids are ready to leave home, they should be responsible, capable and confident.
It is my opinion that parents are to be thanked or to be blamed (责备) for just how kids take control of their lives. They are a product of their environment, mirroring what they have seen and what you have taught them. Parenting is the hardest job in the world and none of us are perfect, but it is our job!
23．What do other parents think when the author says her child is responsible
A．They think it not rare. B．They think it acceptable.
C．They think it not good. D．They think it lucky.
24．Parents can make their kids become responsible by ____.
A．making small jobs fun
B．giving them simple jobs to do
C．praising and encouraging them
D．setting a good example to them
25．We can learn from Paragraph 3 that doing everything for children ____.
A．is bad for their development B．shows no respect for children
C．is difficult for every parent D．shows parents' responsibility
26．What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A．To explain the responsibilities of parents.
B．To show her experience in raising children.
C．To advise parents to make children responsible.
D．To encourage kids to be responsible.
四、单元写作范文背诵
27． 为了让更多的外国游客了解中国文化，欣赏中国美丽的自然风光，感受中国发生的巨大变化，某外文杂志社将出版一本英语小册子来介绍中国的旅游景点。该杂志社邀请你为该小册子写一篇英语短文来介绍杭州，内容包括:1. 杭州的位置(中国东南部)、面积(16000多平方公里)及历史(2200多年)等;2. 杭州的旅游特色(自然风景、传统文化、特色小吃等);3. 希望更多的游客来杭州参观。
Located in the southeast of China, Hangzhou is a beautiful city in China.
With a history of over 2,200 years, Hangzhou covers an area of more than 16,000 square kilometers. In Hangzhou, you can pay a visit to the West Lake, whose scenery is fascinating. In addition, you can't miss its cultural relics and historical sites, from which you will learn more about excellent Chinese traditional culture and traditions. The special snacks are famous and visitors from different parts of the world think highly of them.
As a tourist attraction, Hangzhou attracts a large number of visitors from home and abroad every year. Once you come to China, Hangzhou is a great city you can't miss.
温馨提示：推荐或介绍一个地方的口诀"文景买吃"。
文：文化体验 景：美丽的景色；景点
买：买纪念品 吃：当地美食或小吃
答案解析部分
【答案】1．puzzled；puzzling；puzzlement
2．defend；defenceless
3．evident；evidently
4．achieve
5．locate
6．announcement；announcer
7．generously；generosity
8．eagerly；eagerness
【知识点】汉译英
【答案】9．are confused；10．Getting；11．by；12．resulting；13．differences；14．a；15．evidence；16．and；17．enjoyable；18．to find
【知识点】说明文；社会历史类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国地理历史的变更。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态语态，非谓语动词，介词，名词，冠词，连词，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
9．句意：英国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——许多人对这些不同的名字的含义感到困惑。此处是谓语动词，陈述的是一般事实，运用一般现在时，且与主语 many people 是被动关系，运用被动语态，故填 are confused 。
10．句意：了解一点英国历史将有助于你解开这个谜题。此处动名词短语作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填 Getting 。
11．句意：从16世纪到19世纪，威尔士、苏格兰和爱尔兰王国相继成立了大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国。one by one固定短语，“一个接一个地”，故填by。
12．句意：20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离英国，形成了今天的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。此处现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故填 resulting 。
13．句意：属于英国的四个国家在某些领域合作，但也有一些分歧。此处名词作宾语，是泛指，应用复数名词，故填 differences 。
14．句意：英国有着悠久而有趣的历史可供探索。此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，故填a。
15．句意：在英国，几乎无论你走到哪里，你都会被历史上不同时期接管政权的四个不同群体的证据所包围。此处名词作介词宾语， evidence 是不可数名词，故填 evidence 。
16．句意：关于英国有趣的历史和文化还有很多需要了解的。前后是并列关系，故填and。
17．句意：研究这个国家的历史会使你的访问更加愉快。此处形容词比较级作表语，故填 enjoyable 。
18．句意：如果你睁大眼睛，你会惊讶地发现，你可以看到它的过去和现在。此处不定式作原因状语，故填 to find 。
【答案】19．B
20．D
21．A
22．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；社会历史类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了爱尔兰的历史，爱尔兰受制于英国，在1921年，爱尔兰南部才得到独立，成立了共和国，而北部属于英国。由于自然灾害，爱尔兰的人口骤减。文章还比较了爱尔兰过去和现在的生活。最后提到了爱尔兰的文化发展。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇历史类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
19．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“For hundreds of years，the Irish people fought against the English．Finally，in 1921，the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland．”几百年来，爱尔兰人与英国人作战。最后，在1921年，英国政府被迫给予爱尔兰南部独立。可知，划线词 take control of 说明：这些问题始于16世纪，英国人和爱尔兰人作战是因为当时英国统治者试图控制爱尔兰，"take control of"意为"征服"．故选B。
20．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the united kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.”结果就是现在有两个爱尔兰。北部的北爱尔兰是联合王国的一部分。爱尔兰共和国在南部，是一个独立的国家。可推断，第一段作者告诉我们，“两个爱尔兰”是如何形成的。故选D。
21．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger.”在十九世纪四十年代，主要农作物受疾病影响，大约75万人死于饥饿；以及“the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851”人口从1841年的820万下降到1851年的660万。可知，19世纪40年代的食物短缺导致了人口的下降，故选A。
22．考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的“Since independence，Ireland has revived（复兴）its own culture of music，language，literature and singing．”自独立以来，爱尔兰已经复兴自己的音乐文化、语言、文学和唱歌。可知，本段主要从爱尔兰民族习性、音乐、语言及文学等方面介绍了爱尔兰民族文化。故选B。
【答案】23．C
24．B
25．A
26．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了作者的一些自身教育经验来建议父母教育他们的孩子成为一个有责任的人，这对孩子的成长有利无害。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
23．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“When I speak to other parents about how responsible my kids are, I often get laughed at or they make a comment about how strict a parent I must be.”当我和其他父母谈论我的孩子有多负责时，我经常被嘲笑，或者他们评论我一定是一个多么严格的父母。可知，当作者说她的孩子是负责任的时候，其他父母认为这是不好的。故选C。
24．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Kids as young as toddlers (学走路的孩子) can be given small jobs to do and can help you around the house, in the garden, at the grocery store, etc. They can do little jobs like setting the table, helping to make the bed, washing dishes, washing the car and so on.”小到蹒跚学步的孩子都可以做一些小事，可以帮你做家务，在花园里，在杂货店里等等。他们可以做一些小工作，比如摆桌子，帮助整理床铺，洗碗，洗车等等；以及“Kids who are given different responsibilities grow up with a much greater sense of self-worth, self-esteem and are more confident.”被赋予不同责任的孩子在成长过程中会有更强的自我价值感、自尊感和更自信。可知，父母可以给孩子一些简单的工作让他们做，让他们变得有责任感。故选B。
25．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Doing everything for children or not allowing them to make mistakes and learn from them is not being a positive, responsible parent. The kids will more than likely end up with bad attitudes, and usually have no respect for their parents or other adults and at times have no respect for themselves.”为孩子做任何事，或者不允许他们犯错并从中吸取教训，都不是一个积极、负责任的父母。孩子们很可能会以坏的态度结束，通常不尊重他们的父母或其他成年人，有时也不尊重自己。可知，从第三段中我们可以学到，为孩子做任何事情都不利于他们的发展。故选A。
26．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Giving kids responsibilities is a must. It is parent’s job to make their kids become responsible adults and to prepare them for the real world and life as an adult.”给孩子责任是必须的。父母的工作是让他们的孩子成为负责任的成年人，并为他们作为一个成年人面对现实世界和生活做好准备。可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了建议父母让孩子负责任。故选C。
27．【答案】略
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式说明文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇说明文写作，要求考生 写一篇英语短文来介绍杭州 。写作背景： 为了让更多的外国游客了解中国文化，欣赏中国美丽的自然风光，感受中国发生的巨大变化，某外文杂志社将出版一本英语小册子来介绍中国的旅游景点。该杂志社邀请你为该小册子写一篇英语短文介绍杭州。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 杭州的位置(中国东南部)、面积(16000多平方公里)及历史(2200多年)等;2. 杭州的旅游特色(自然风景、传统文化、特色小吃等);3. 希望更多的游客来杭州参观。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Located in the southeast of China, Hangzhou is a beautiful city in China. 运用了过去分词作状语；In Hangzhou, you can pay a visit to the West Lake, whose scenery is fascinating.运用了非限制性定语从句； In addition, you can't miss its cultural relics and historical sites, from which you will learn more about excellent Chinese traditional culture and traditions. 运用了非限制性定语从句；Once you come to China, Hangzhou is a great city you can't miss.运用了条件状语从句。
1 / 1广西南宁市重点中学2022-2023学年高一下学期第七周周测英语试题
一、词性转换（一空2分，共30分）
词性转换
1．puzzle n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt. 迷惑；使困惑→　 　 adj. 困惑的；茫然的；搞糊涂的→　 　 adj. 使迷惑的；使莫名其妙的→　 　 n. 迷惑；费解
2．defence n. 防御；保卫→　 　v. 防御；保护；保卫→　 　 adj. 无防备的
3．evidence n. 证据；证明→　 　 adj. 明显的；明白的→　 　adv. 显然地，明显地；清楚地
4．achievement n. 成就；成绩；达到→　 　v. (凭长期努力)达到(某目标、地位、标准)
5．location n. 地方；地点；位置→　 　v. 找出……的准确位置；确定……的准确地点
6．announce vt. 宣布；通知；声称→　 　 n. 公告；宣告；发表；通告
→　 　 n. 广播员；宣告者
7．generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→　 　adv. 慷慨地；宽大地；丰盛地→ 　 　n. 慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
8．eager adj. 热切的；渴望的→　 　adv. 急切地；渴望地；热心地→　 　n. 渴望；热心
【答案】1．puzzled；puzzling；puzzlement
2．defend；defenceless
3．evident；evidently
4．achieve
5．locate
6．announcement；announcer
7．generously；generosity
8．eagerly；eagerness
【知识点】汉译英
二、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people 　9． 　 (confuse) by what these different names mean. 　10． 　 (get) to know a little bit about British history will help you solve the puzzle.
From the 16th century to the 19th century, Wales, Scotland and the Kingdom of Ireland were joined one 　11． 　 one to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, 　12． 　(result) in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The four countries that belong to the UK work together in some areas, but they also have some 　13． 　 (difference). The United Kingdom has 　14． 　 long and interesting history to explore. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by 　15． 　 (evident) of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
There is so much more to learn about the interesting history 　16． 　 culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more 　17． 　 (enjoy). If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised 　18． 　(find) that you can see both its past and its present.
【答案】9．are confused；10．Getting；11．by；12．resulting；13．differences；14．a；15．evidence；16．and；17．enjoyable；18．to find
【知识点】说明文；社会历史类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国地理历史的变更。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态语态，非谓语动词，介词，名词，冠词，连词，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
9．句意：英国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——许多人对这些不同的名字的含义感到困惑。此处是谓语动词，陈述的是一般事实，运用一般现在时，且与主语 many people 是被动关系，运用被动语态，故填 are confused 。
10．句意：了解一点英国历史将有助于你解开这个谜题。此处动名词短语作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填 Getting 。
11．句意：从16世纪到19世纪，威尔士、苏格兰和爱尔兰王国相继成立了大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国。one by one固定短语，“一个接一个地”，故填by。
12．句意：20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离英国，形成了今天的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。此处现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故填 resulting 。
13．句意：属于英国的四个国家在某些领域合作，但也有一些分歧。此处名词作宾语，是泛指，应用复数名词，故填 differences 。
14．句意：英国有着悠久而有趣的历史可供探索。此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，故填a。
15．句意：在英国，几乎无论你走到哪里，你都会被历史上不同时期接管政权的四个不同群体的证据所包围。此处名词作介词宾语， evidence 是不可数名词，故填 evidence 。
16．句意：关于英国有趣的历史和文化还有很多需要了解的。前后是并列关系，故填and。
17．句意：研究这个国家的历史会使你的访问更加愉快。此处形容词比较级作表语，故填 enjoyable 。
18．句意：如果你睁大眼睛，你会惊讶地发现，你可以看到它的过去和现在。此处不定式作原因状语，故填 to find 。
三、阅读，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项. (共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
阅读理解
Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to take_control_of Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921, the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two "Irelands". Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.
In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage of work, forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8. 2 million in 1841 to 6. 6 million in 1851.
For many years, most of the Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace. The Irish are famous for being warmhearted and friendly. Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were "the greatest talkers since the Greeks".
Since independence, Ireland has revived (复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.
19．What does the underlined phrase "take control of" in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Reach. B．Conquer. C．Challenge. D．Support.
20．What does the author tell us in Paragraph 1
A．How the Irish fought against the English.
B．How Ireland gained independence.
C．How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.
D．How two "Ireland" came into being.
21．We learn from the text that in Ireland ____.
A．food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population
B．people are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside
C．it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker
D．different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments
22．The last paragraph is mainly about ____.
A．the Irish character B．Irish culture
C．Irish musical instruments D．a famous Irish writer
【答案】19．B
20．D
21．A
22．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意；说明文；社会历史类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了爱尔兰的历史，爱尔兰受制于英国，在1921年，爱尔兰南部才得到独立，成立了共和国，而北部属于英国。由于自然灾害，爱尔兰的人口骤减。文章还比较了爱尔兰过去和现在的生活。最后提到了爱尔兰的文化发展。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇历史类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
19．考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“For hundreds of years，the Irish people fought against the English．Finally，in 1921，the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland．”几百年来，爱尔兰人与英国人作战。最后，在1921年，英国政府被迫给予爱尔兰南部独立。可知，划线词 take control of 说明：这些问题始于16世纪，英国人和爱尔兰人作战是因为当时英国统治者试图控制爱尔兰，"take control of"意为"征服"．故选B。
20．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the united kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.”结果就是现在有两个爱尔兰。北部的北爱尔兰是联合王国的一部分。爱尔兰共和国在南部，是一个独立的国家。可推断，第一段作者告诉我们，“两个爱尔兰”是如何形成的。故选D。
21．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger.”在十九世纪四十年代，主要农作物受疾病影响，大约75万人死于饥饿；以及“the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851”人口从1841年的820万下降到1851年的660万。可知，19世纪40年代的食物短缺导致了人口的下降，故选A。
22．考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的“Since independence，Ireland has revived（复兴）its own culture of music，language，literature and singing．”自独立以来，爱尔兰已经复兴自己的音乐文化、语言、文学和唱歌。可知，本段主要从爱尔兰民族习性、音乐、语言及文学等方面介绍了爱尔兰民族文化。故选B。
阅读理解
When I speak to other parents about how responsible my kids are, I often get laughed at or they make a comment about how strict a parent I must be. Giving kids responsibilities is a must. It is parents' job to make their kids become responsible adults and to prepare them for the real world and life as an adult.
Kids as young as toddlers (学走路的孩子) can be given small jobs to do and can help you around the house, in the garden, at the grocery store, etc. They can do little jobs like setting the table, helping to make the bed, washing dishes, washing the car and so on. When you let children do small jobs at a young age and make it fun, encourage, praise and thank them, it quickly becomes normal and a part of life. Kids who are given different responsibilities grow up with a much greater sense of self worth, self esteem and are more confident. As the children grow, their responsibilities grow and expand.
Doing everything for children or not allowing them to make mistakes and learn from them is not being a positive, responsible parent. The kids will more than likely end up with bad attitudes, and usually have no respect for their parents or other adults and at times have no respect for themselves. When your kids are ready to leave home, they should be responsible, capable and confident.
It is my opinion that parents are to be thanked or to be blamed (责备) for just how kids take control of their lives. They are a product of their environment, mirroring what they have seen and what you have taught them. Parenting is the hardest job in the world and none of us are perfect, but it is our job!
23．What do other parents think when the author says her child is responsible
A．They think it not rare. B．They think it acceptable.
C．They think it not good. D．They think it lucky.
24．Parents can make their kids become responsible by ____.
A．making small jobs fun
B．giving them simple jobs to do
C．praising and encouraging them
D．setting a good example to them
25．We can learn from Paragraph 3 that doing everything for children ____.
A．is bad for their development B．shows no respect for children
C．is difficult for every parent D．shows parents' responsibility
26．What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A．To explain the responsibilities of parents.
B．To show her experience in raising children.
C．To advise parents to make children responsible.
D．To encourage kids to be responsible.
【答案】23．C
24．B
25．A
26．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人生百味类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了作者的一些自身教育经验来建议父母教育他们的孩子成为一个有责任的人，这对孩子的成长有利无害。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
23．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“When I speak to other parents about how responsible my kids are, I often get laughed at or they make a comment about how strict a parent I must be.”当我和其他父母谈论我的孩子有多负责时，我经常被嘲笑，或者他们评论我一定是一个多么严格的父母。可知，当作者说她的孩子是负责任的时候，其他父母认为这是不好的。故选C。
24．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Kids as young as toddlers (学走路的孩子) can be given small jobs to do and can help you around the house, in the garden, at the grocery store, etc. They can do little jobs like setting the table, helping to make the bed, washing dishes, washing the car and so on.”小到蹒跚学步的孩子都可以做一些小事，可以帮你做家务，在花园里，在杂货店里等等。他们可以做一些小工作，比如摆桌子，帮助整理床铺，洗碗，洗车等等；以及“Kids who are given different responsibilities grow up with a much greater sense of self-worth, self-esteem and are more confident.”被赋予不同责任的孩子在成长过程中会有更强的自我价值感、自尊感和更自信。可知，父母可以给孩子一些简单的工作让他们做，让他们变得有责任感。故选B。
25．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Doing everything for children or not allowing them to make mistakes and learn from them is not being a positive, responsible parent. The kids will more than likely end up with bad attitudes, and usually have no respect for their parents or other adults and at times have no respect for themselves.”为孩子做任何事，或者不允许他们犯错并从中吸取教训，都不是一个积极、负责任的父母。孩子们很可能会以坏的态度结束，通常不尊重他们的父母或其他成年人，有时也不尊重自己。可知，从第三段中我们可以学到，为孩子做任何事情都不利于他们的发展。故选A。
26．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Giving kids responsibilities is a must. It is parent’s job to make their kids become responsible adults and to prepare them for the real world and life as an adult.”给孩子责任是必须的。父母的工作是让他们的孩子成为负责任的成年人，并为他们作为一个成年人面对现实世界和生活做好准备。可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了建议父母让孩子负责任。故选C。
四、单元写作范文背诵
27． 为了让更多的外国游客了解中国文化，欣赏中国美丽的自然风光，感受中国发生的巨大变化，某外文杂志社将出版一本英语小册子来介绍中国的旅游景点。该杂志社邀请你为该小册子写一篇英语短文来介绍杭州，内容包括:1. 杭州的位置(中国东南部)、面积(16000多平方公里)及历史(2200多年)等;2. 杭州的旅游特色(自然风景、传统文化、特色小吃等);3. 希望更多的游客来杭州参观。
Located in the southeast of China, Hangzhou is a beautiful city in China.
With a history of over 2,200 years, Hangzhou covers an area of more than 16,000 square kilometers. In Hangzhou, you can pay a visit to the West Lake, whose scenery is fascinating. In addition, you can't miss its cultural relics and historical sites, from which you will learn more about excellent Chinese traditional culture and traditions. The special snacks are famous and visitors from different parts of the world think highly of them.
As a tourist attraction, Hangzhou attracts a large number of visitors from home and abroad every year. Once you come to China, Hangzhou is a great city you can't miss.
温馨提示：推荐或介绍一个地方的口诀"文景买吃"。
文：文化体验 景：美丽的景色；景点
买：买纪念品 吃：当地美食或小吃
【答案】略
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式说明文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇说明文写作，要求考生 写一篇英语短文来介绍杭州 。写作背景： 为了让更多的外国游客了解中国文化，欣赏中国美丽的自然风光，感受中国发生的巨大变化，某外文杂志社将出版一本英语小册子来介绍中国的旅游景点。该杂志社邀请你为该小册子写一篇英语短文介绍杭州。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 杭州的位置(中国东南部)、面积(16000多平方公里)及历史(2200多年)等;2. 杭州的旅游特色(自然风景、传统文化、特色小吃等);3. 希望更多的游客来杭州参观。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Located in the southeast of China, Hangzhou is a beautiful city in China. 运用了过去分词作状语；In Hangzhou, you can pay a visit to the West Lake, whose scenery is fascinating.运用了非限制性定语从句； In addition, you can't miss its cultural relics and historical sites, from which you will learn more about excellent Chinese traditional culture and traditions. 运用了非限制性定语从句；Once you come to China, Hangzhou is a great city you can't miss.运用了条件状语从句。
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