资源简介

Unit 6 Caring for your health
必考短语和句型短语归纳
1.care for 关注
2.lead a balanced life 过一种平衡的生活
3.a healthy lifestyle 一个健康的生活方式
4. feel ashamed 感觉羞愧
5. do sth for pleasure 做一些令人高兴的事情
6. suffer from stress 承受压力
7. be under stress 处于压力下
8. focus on 集中于
9. worry about 担心
10. a risk to sth. 对......来说是一种风险
11. force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
12. deal with 解决, 处理
13. guard against 防止, 提防
14. cancel out 抵消，对消
15. look on the bright side 持乐观的态度
16. take a break 休息一下
17. go to a concert 去听音乐会
18. take up 学着做，开始做
19. be busy with sth. 忙于某事
20. leave...behind 把.....抛在后面
21. cheer...up（使......振奋起来）
22. in a private place 在一个无人之处
23. no longer 不再
24. have an effect on 对......有影响
25. hit the city 袭击了这座城寺
26. by doing sth 通过做...
经典句型
1.They are under stress because their lives are not balanced. 因为他们的生活不平衡，所以他们处于压力之下
2.They focus too much on studying, dealing with peer pressure and worrying about what others think，and not enough on other things.他们过多的把精力集中在学习上、解决同龄人的压力、担心别人的想法上和其他事情上做得不够。
3.You may wonder whether stress is a serious matter. 你是否想知道，压力是否是件严重的事情。
4.You should be aware that stress is a risk to your health. 你应该意识到，压力对你的健康来说是一种风险。
5.If you want to live a long and healthy life, you need to begin to guard against stress from a young age.如果你想过长寿和健康的生活，你需要开始提防始于年轻时的压力。
6.You should always look on the bright side of life, and imagine that you will have a happy and successful Future. 你应该总是持乐观的生活态度，并想象你会有一个快乐、成功的未来。
7.When you are busy with a hobby, you leave all your worries behind.当你忙于一种业余爱好时，你会将所有的烦恼抛在后面。
8.Taking regular exercise, eating a healthy diet and getting enough sleep are all the things that can help you.进行有规律的锻炼，饮食健康并且获得足够的睡眠是能够帮助你全部的事情。
9.Seeing a funny film or telling jokes with friends will often cheer you up when you are low.在你沮丧时，看一部滑稽的电影或同朋友讲笑话经常使你振奋起来。
必考语法：宾语从句
形容词+that从句
1.有些形容词具有动词的含义，所以也可以带一个that引导的宾语从句。
I am sorry I am late.
I am glad that you can join us.
Are you sure his answer is right
2.常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有sure, certain, glad, pleasured, happy, sorry, afraid, surprised等。
I am sure I will pass the exam.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
宾语从句
一、概念在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。
二、用法：学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。
1、连接词
①由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，可以省略。
例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
②由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。
例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
③由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is
I don’t know why the train is late.
2、语序—陈述语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述句语序，即“主句+连接词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+……）”句式。
例如：
( √ ) I don’t know which city they will fly to.
(×) I don’t know which city will they fly to.
3、时态
①如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
如： I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.
②如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句用过去的某个时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。
如： He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
③如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等时，不管主句用什么时态，宾语从句都用一般现在时。
如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
提升训练
一、单项选择
1．—Let’s go to see the art exhibition in the gallery.
—_________
A．Good idea! B．Don’t worry. C．You’re welcome!
2．—Do you know if Dr. White ________ for dinner this evening
—No, but I think he ________ if he is free.
A．will come; comes B．will come; will come C．comes; will come
3．We all doubt (怀疑) whether ________ if she takes part in the speech competition.
A．Maria will win B．will Maria win C．Maria would win
4．The basketball team plays very well under ________.
A．pressure B．interest
C．happiness D．carelessness
5．You’d better 　　　　 your coat. It’s so hot here.
A．put on B．put off
C．take up D．take off
6．As students, we aren’t able to make money. We ________ our parents for food and clothes.
A．depend on B．live on
C．deal with D．communicate with
7．Don’t lose heart, boys. Let’s ________ and turn to Mr. White for help.
A．make ourselves down B．pick ourselves up
C．take themselves up D．put themselves down
8．—I really don’t know ________.
—I think speaking more is a good way.
A．where I can improve my English quickly B．how I can improve my English quickly
C．why I can learn English quickly D．when I can learn English quickly
9．More and more people have realized that clear waters and green mountains are as ________ as mountains of gold and silver.
A．central B．special C．valuable D．private
10．—Could you please tell me ________
—Well, it can make full use of time and protect eyes.
A．how many people like reading books now
B．why many people like listening to books now
C．when people like reading books now
D．where people can borrow books now
二、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Friends are important to everyone. However, some people may have trouble keeping their friendships. Here are some tips on how to make your friendship 11 (deep) and stronger.
★Be yourself. A lot of teens try not to lose the friendship once they become friends 12 some people. Though your identity (身份) is always changing, some of your personality will stay pretty much 13 same. Find out what those things are, think hard about who you want to be, and then show yourself 14 (honest) to the people around you.
★Avoid gossip (流言蜚语). Friends shouldn’t 15 (spread) rumors (谣言) about other friends. If you’ve heard something bad about your friends, find a proper way of asking them about it by 16 (you). If you’re not sure 17 to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend for advice.
★Protect your friends. Very often, somebody that you’re not close to doubts one of your 18 (friend). It’s important to find out both sides of the story, but it’s also a good chance to show your friend that you trust him by 19 (tell) him.
★ Return the care. There are times when a friend will lend you a textbook, or a shoulder to cry on. A good friend will cheer you 20 when you’re in trouble and listen patiently when your friend shares a problem with you. Be sure you are as helpful as your friend, because he will take notice and feel good.
三、选词填空
根据短文内容，用方框所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
bad skill be exercise interest
Bob is stressed out these days. His parents just want him to be excellent. In my opinion, taking some after-school classes 21 good for our future and it can help us get many life 22 . However, if we spend too much time on after-school classes, we’ll have little time to play and relax. And we will feel 23 than before. I think if we are not 24 in them, parents should cut out some of them. It’s important to keep 25 more and have healthier eating habits. So why not communicate with our parents We should explain that too much pressure is not good for our development. I’m sure they will understand us and won’t push us so hard anymore.
四、补全对话
请阅读下面对话，根据对话内容从文后选择恰当的句子填入空白处，使对话通顺、合理，意思完整。
(Alice meets Ben in the city library. Alice=A; Ben=B)
A: Hi, Ben. What are you doing here
B: Hi, Alice. 26
A: Visiting the museum online What do you think of it
B: 27 I can take a 360-degree look at the museum, and click（点击）around the valuable artifacts（人工制品）to get information on their histories.
A: That sounds cool. I’ve never heard of it before. Can you share other online resources（资源）with us
B: Of course. 28
A: Wow, great! How can I find them
B: You can visit their official websites like the National Museum of China, the National Library of China and the National Center for the Performing Arts.
A: Thanks. By the way, how long have you spent visiting the museum
B: 29
A: What a long time! You have to stop to have a rest, or your eyes may be hurt.
B: 30 Let’s go for a walk.
A．You can also visit online libraries and go to cloud concerts for free!
B．I’d like to learn to visit the museum online too.
C．Yes, you’re quite right.
D．I am visiting a museum online.
E．For about three hours so far.
F．It costs me much money to visit the museum online.
G．It’s really unbelievable.
五、完形填空
All of us have habits. These habits may affect(影响)us a lot. Some of these habits are 31 to change; Some are not. We always try to change them, but we often 32 at last. Usually some bad habits are 33 than we think to break them. Why
We develop good and bad habits 34 we are young. Some bad habits, such as bad table 35 and biting our fingers, are the 36 that are hard to get rid of（摆脱）. Even more, the good habits you thought might be 37 on as the bad ones by others.
How can we force ourselves to 38 those habits The answer is 39 the change step by step. First, know what your bad habits are and then deal with them one by one. You can do it! 40 it is difficult to change bad habits, it’s not impossible!
31．A．glad B．easy C．impossible D．fast
32．A．put up B．take away C．give up D．put on
33．A．harder B．easier C．less D．more
34．A．where B．how C．before D．when
35．A．manners B．ways C．performances D．behaviors
36．A．things B．matters C．ones D．persons
37．A．looked B．watched C．known D．called
38．A．find B．change C．make D．miss
39．A．start B．write C．develop D．get
40．A．Because B．Though C．And D．So
六、阅读理解
If you’re ever apart from your children, a new study says just talking on the phone will help just as much as a hug(拥抱).
If you’re a parent who spends long hours on the job, you probably feel sorry for spending so much time away from your kids. But the results of a new study show that a mother’s voice alone can be just as comforting to an anxious child as physical contact(接触).
In an experiment, researchers from the University of Wisconsin Madison asked a group of girls between the ages of 7 and 12 to solve maths problems in front of judges—a stressful situation for anyone. Before the girls were set to give their answers, the researchers measured their levels of two hormones(荷尔蒙): cortisol, which goes up during stressful periods, and oxytocin, the “love” hormone, which goes down at the same time.
After the girls finished the problems, some of them got to meet up with their mothers right away. The mums came in and hugged the girls. Another group of the girls didn’t see their mothers, but received phone calls from them, in which their mothers told them how well they’d done. The final group had no contact with their mothers, but instead watched an animal movie, March of the Penguins.
Finally, the girls’ hormone levels were measured again. Although the movie was interesting, it did nothing to reduce the children’s anxiety—but, surprisingly, both the physical contact and phone calls from their mothers had the same effect on reducing the girls’ stress levels.
So, no matter how old you are, if you’re feeling stressed about something in your life, a phone call to Mum might be just the key to helping you feel better.
41．If a girl is under stress, ________.
A．she can’t solve maths problems B．she will have high levels of hormone
C．oxytocin will remain at a high level D．cortisol will go up with oxytocin down
42．Which of the following is the right order in which the study was carried out
a. The girls’ levels of hormones were measured again. b. The girls solved maths problems.
c. The girls’ levels of hormones were measured. d. The girls were divided into three groups.
A．b-c-d-a B．d-b-c-a C．c-b-d-a D．d-c-b-a
43．From the passage, we can infer that ________.
A．it is easy for girls to solve maths problems
B．the girls who had watched the movie remained anxious
C．all mothers should hug their kids as often as possible
D．older girls have higher cortisol than younger ones
44．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．A mother’s voice can comfort her anxious kids.
B．Mothers should often hug their kids.
C．Mothers should spend enough time caring about their kids.
D．Scientists discovered why kids become stressed when having tests.
After speaking to a number of foreigners, you might be forgiven for thinking that no question could be ruder than “How old are you ”.
Yes, asking a person’s age will likely get you into trouble, especially if you ask a woman. However, money is just as difficult to ask about as age.
In western countries, a person’s salary (薪水) is as private as his or her age. US manners expert Thomas P. Farley explained why it was a taboo (禁忌). “So much of who we are is based on what we do professionally (专业地), and by extension (引申开来), what we earn,” he told Forbes magazine. “In American society, much of the respect we get from others is tied to what we earn. So the subject can be touchy.”
But maybe you are feeling brave and still want to try to find out how much your foreign friend earns. How can you ask the question tactfully
Do not ask, “How much money do you make ” The most likely reply will be, “That’s none of your business.” You may then feel bad. Without knowing, you will have made a big cultural mistake. Get over it and try again another time.
Ask the person, “What do you do for a living ” or “What’s your job title ” Most people will be happy to give you an answer. After they tell you their job titles, you can make a rough (粗略的) guess at their salary based on the average salary for someone.
Once you learn their job titles, you could say, “That’s interesting. I’m thinking about a career in that line of work. Can you give me a rough idea of what the pay is like ” You have a better chance of getting information with a question like this than with a direct question.
Of course, there are people who choose to avoid answering the question and reply by saying, “Oh, I get by.” Some might jokingly reply, “Not nearly enough.” At this point, it’s best to change the subject. After all, money isn’t everything.
45．What does the article mainly talk about
A．How to deal with sensitive (敏感的) questions.
B．How to ask foreigners about their salary.
C．The skills of asking some unpleasant questions.
D．Private questions that foreigners don’t like to discuss.
46．By using Thomas P. Farley’s words, the writer means to show that ________.
A．in the US, salary is linked to ability
B．money plays an important role in social status (地位)
C．how much you earn often shows what kind of life you live
D．a person’s profession often affects opinions about his or her salary
47．The underlined word “tactfully” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ________.
A．directly B．honestly C．skillfully D．clearly
48．We can learn from the last paragraph that ________.
A．some people are glad to be asked about their earnings
B．you might not get a specific answer even with a tactful question
C．you should avoid asking about a person’s salary in the first place
D．the writer suggests replying to a sensitive question in a humorous way
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：——让我们去看画廊里的艺术展吧。——好主意！
考查情景交际。Good idea!好主意；Don’t worry.别担心；You’re welcome!不客气。根据“Let’s go to see the art exhibition in the gallery.”可知，这是表达建议，结合选项可知此处应回答“好主意”。故选A。
2．B
【详解】句意：——你知道怀特医生今晚是否来吃晚饭吗？——不知道，但我想如果他有空的话他会来的。
考查时态。第一处是if引导的宾语从句，结合时间状语“this evening”可知，是一般将来时。第二处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时。故选B。
3．A
【详解】句意：如果Maria参加演讲比赛，我们都怀疑她是否会赢。
考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B选项。根据“if she takes part in the speech competition”可知，这是一种假设，说明“赢”的动作并未发生，所以从句用一般将来时的结构，故选A。
4．A
【详解】句意：篮球队在压力下打得很好。
考查名词辨析。pressure压力；interest兴趣；happiness幸福；carelessness粗心。根据“The basketball team plays very well under...”可知，此处指篮球队在压力下打得很好，故选A。
5．D
【详解】句意：你最好把外套脱了。这里太热了。
考查动词短语。put on穿上；put off推迟；take up占据；take off脱下。根据“It’s too hot here.”可知太热了，所以要脱衣服。故选D。
6．A
【详解】句意：作为学生，我们不能挣钱。在衣食方面，我们要依赖父母。
考查动词短语辨析。depend on依靠；live on以食……为生；deal with处理；communicate with与……交流。由“we aren’t able to make money. We … our parents for food and clothes”可知，此处指因为不能赚钱，还需要依靠父母。故选A。
7．B
【详解】句意：别灰心，孩子们。让我们振作起来，向怀特先生求助吧。
考查动词短语。make down改小，清算；pick up（跌倒或被击倒后）使（自己）慢慢站起（或爬起）；take up占据，开始从事；put down放下。根据“Don’t lose heart”以及“turn to Mr. White for help.”可知是让孩子们不要灰心，要振作起来，此处pick ourselves up表示“让自己振作起来”。故选B。
8．B
【详解】句意：——我真不知道怎样才能快速提高英语水平。——我认为多说是一个好方法。
考查宾语从句。根据答语“I think speaking more is a good way.”可知，此处询问方式“我真不知道怎样才能快速提高英语水平”。故选B。
9．C
【详解】句意：越来越多的人已经意识到绿水青山就像金山银山一样珍贵。
考查形容词的词义辨析。central中心的；special特别的；valuable有价值的；private私人的。根据句意和句中的“mountains of gold and silver”可知，此处表示越来越多的人意识到绿水青山如同金山银山一样宝贵。故选C。
10．B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我为什么现在很多人喜欢听书吗？——嗯，它可以充分利用时间，保护眼睛。
考查宾语从句。how many people like reading books now现在有多少人喜欢读书；why many people like listening to books now为什么现在很多人喜欢听书；when people like reading books now人们喜欢什么时候读书；where people can borrow books now现在哪里可以借书。根据答语“it can make full use of time and protect eyes”可知，是说明原因，故选B。
11．deeper 12．with 13．the 14．honestly 15．spread 16．yourself 17．how 18．friends 19．telling 20．up
【导语】这篇短文主要讲述了朋友在我们日常生活中是非常重要的，文中介绍了如何保持友谊的技巧。
11．句意：下面是一些如何让你们的友谊更加深厚和牢固的小技巧。根据“and stronger”可知此处应填deep的比较级deeper。故填deeper。
12．句意：许多青少年一旦与一些人成为朋友，就尽量不失去这份友谊。根据“become friends”和“some people”可知此处应用介词with表示“和”。故填with。
13．句意：尽管你的身份总是在变化，但你的个性会保持不变。根据“same”可知此处用the same表示“相同的”。故填the。
14．句意：找出那些东西是什么，认真思考你想成为什么样的人，然后真实地向周围的人展示自己。show为动词，此处应用honest的副词honestly修饰动词。故填honestly。
15．句意：朋友不应该散布其他朋友的谣言。情态动词shouldn’t后加动词spread的原形。故填spread。
16．句意：如果你听说了一些关于你朋友的不好的事情，那就找一个合适的方法亲自问问他们。根据“by”及主语you可知此处应用反身代词yourself，by yourself意为“自己，亲自”。故填yourself。
17．句意：如果你不确定如何与他们谈论这件事，可以向值得信赖的朋友寻求建议。根据“ask a trusted friend for advice”可知此处应用疑问词how，表示如何谈论这件事。故填how。
18．句意：很多时候，你不亲近的人会怀疑你的其中一个朋友。根据“one of your”可知此处应用名词friend的复数形式friends。故填friends。
19．句意：了解事情的两面性很重要，但这也是一个很好的机会，可以告诉你的朋友你信任他。介词by后接动词tell的动名词telling作宾语。故填telling。
20．句意：当你遇到麻烦时，一个好的朋友会让你振作起来，而当你的朋友和你分享问题时，他也会耐心地倾听。根据“cheer you”可知此处是动词短语cheer sb. up表示“让某人振作起来”。故填up。
21．is 22．skills 23．worse 24．interested 25．exercising
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者对于参加一些课外班的看法和观点。
21．句意：在我看来，参加一些课外班对我们的未来是有好处的，它可以帮助我们获得很多生活技能。根据“taking some after-school classes...good for our future”可知参加一些课外班对我们的未来是有好处的，be good for“对……有好处”，主语是动名词，谓语动词用单数，故填is。
22．句意：在我看来，参加一些课外班对我们的未来是有好处的，它可以帮助我们获得很多生活技能。根据“it can help us get many life...”结合选词可知，参加一些课外班可以帮助我们获得很多生活技能，skill“技能”，可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数，故填skills。
23．句意：我们会感觉比以前更糟。根据“we’ll have little time to play and relax. And we will feel...than before”可知如果我们花太多的时间在课外班，我们就很少有时间玩耍和放松。我们会感觉比以前更糟，此处应用bad的比较级worse“更糟糕”，故填worse。
24．句意：我认为如果我们对他们不感兴趣，父母应该删掉一些。根据“I think if we are not...in them, parents should cut out some of them.”可知是指不感兴趣，be interested in“对……感兴趣”，故填interested。
25．句意：多锻炼和健康的饮食习惯是很重要的。根据“It’s important to keep...more and have healthier eating habits”结合选词可知，此处是指多锻炼，exercise“锻炼”，keep doing sth“保持做某事”，为固定短语，故填exercising。
26．D 27．G 28．A 29．E 30．C
【导语】本文是关于Alice和Ben的对话，两人正在谈论线上参观博物馆的事情。
26．根据“What are you doing here ”可知，应该要回答自己在这里做的事，选项D“我正在网上参观博物馆。”符合语境，故选D。
27．根据“Visiting the museum online What do you think of it ”可知，这里应该要给出自己对于线上参观博物馆的看法，选项G“真是难以置信。”符合语境，故选G。
28．根据“Can you share other online resources（资源）with us ”可知，这里是分享其他在线资源。选项A“你还可以访问在线图书馆，免费听云音乐会！”符合语境，故选A。
29．根据“how long have you spent visiting the museum ”可知，这里应该回答时间的长短，选项E“到目前为止已经有三个小时了。”符合语境，故选E。
30．根据“You have to stop to have a rest, or your eyes may be hurt.”以及“Let’s go for a walk.”可知，Ben同意对方的建议，选项C“是的，你说得很对。”符合语境，故选C。
31．B 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．A 36．C 37．A 38．B 39．A 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我们养成的习惯有好有坏，但是坏习惯很难改掉，我们需要一步一步地开始改变。
31．句意：其中一些习惯很容易改变；有些则不然。
glad高兴的；easy容易的；impossible不可能的；fast快的。根据“some are not.”和“We always try to change them, but...” 可知有些习惯很容易改变。故选B。
32．句意：我们总是试图改变它们，但最后我们常常放弃。
put up张贴；take away带走；give up放弃；put on穿上。根据“We always try to change them, but...” 可知，我们总是尝试改变但最终放弃。故选C。
33．句意：通常，一些坏习惯比我们想象的更难改掉。
harder更难的；easier更容易的；less更少的；more更多的。根据“...than we think to break them” 可知，一些坏习惯比我们想象的更难改掉。故选A。
34．句意：我们年轻时养成好习惯和坏习惯。
where哪里；how怎样；before在……之前；when当……时。根据前后句可知空处应填表示时间的连词，when 当……时，符合语境。故选D。
35．句意：一些坏习惯，比如不礼貌的餐桌礼仪和咬手指，是很难改掉的。
manners礼仪；ways方法；performances表演；behaviors行为。根据biting our fingers可知空处应填一种行为习惯，table manners 餐桌礼仪，故选A。
36．句意：一些坏习惯，比如不礼貌的餐桌礼仪和咬手指，是很难改掉的。
things事情；matters问题；ones一些人或事；persons人。根据“Some bad habits, such as bad table manners and biting our fingers...” 可知空处应填“坏习惯”，ones代指前面的坏习惯。故选C。
37．句意：更重要的是，你认为的好习惯可能会被其他人视为坏习惯。
looked看；watched观看；known知道；called叫。根据 the good habits you thought 和as the bad ones by others 可知我们认为的好习惯会被别人认为是坏习惯，be looked on as 被认为是……，故选A。
38．句意：我们如何才能强迫自己改变这些习惯？
find发现；change改变；make制作；miss错过。根据后一句“...the change step by step” 可知空处选change，即我们如何才能强迫自己改变这些习惯？故选B。
39．句意：答案是一步一步地开始改变。
start开始；write写；develop发展；get获取。根据“First, know what your bad habits are and then deal with them one by one.” 可知我们应该一步一步地开始改变。故选A。
40．句意：尽管改变坏习惯很难，但并非不可能！
Because因为；Though尽管；And和；So因此。根据“it’s not impossible.” 可知虽然坏习惯很难改变，但也不是不能改变，though符合语境。故选B。
41．D 42．C 43．B 44．A
【导语】本文讲述了妈妈的声音会像拥抱一样安慰孩子的心灵，减少他们忧虑的情绪。所以，无论你多大年纪，如果你在生活中感到有些压力，打电话给妈妈也许能帮助你感觉更好些。
41．细节理解题。根据第三段“cortisol, which goes up during stressful periods, and oxytocin, the ‘love’ hormone, which goes down at the same time”可知，皮质醇在压力时期上升，催产素同时下降。故选D。
42．推理判断题。根据第三段“the researchers measured their levels of two hormones”，第四段“After the girls finished the problems, some of them got to meet up with their mothers right away. The mums came in and hugged the girls. Another group of the girls didn’t see their mothers, but received phone calls from them, in which their mothers told them how well they’d done. The final group had no contact with their mothers, but instead watched an animal movie, March of the Penguins.”，第五段“Finally, the girls’ hormone levels were measured again.”可知，先是测量了女孩们的荷尔蒙水平，然后女孩们做数学题，接着被分成了三组，最后再次测量了女孩们的荷尔蒙水平。正确的顺序为c-b-d-a。故选C。
43．推理判断题。根据第五段“Although the movie was interesting, it did nothing to reduce the children’s anxiety” 可知，看电影并没有减少孩子们的焦虑情绪。故选B。
44．主旨大意题。根据最后一段 “So, no matter how old you are, if you’re feeling stressed about something in your life, a phone call to Mum might be just the key to helping you feel better.”可知，妈妈的声音会像拥抱一样安慰孩子的心灵。故选A。
45．B 46．B 47．C 48．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了如何委婉地询问外国人的薪酬。
45．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了如何委婉地询问外国人的薪酬。故选B。
46．细节理解题。根据“In American society, much of the respect we get from others is tied to what we earn”可知在美国社会，我们从他人那里得到的尊重大多与我们的收入有关，所以金钱在社会地位中起着重要作用。故选B。
47．词义猜测题。根据“In western countries, a person’s salary (薪水) is as private as his or her age.”和“But maybe you are feeling brave and still want to try to find out how much your foreign friend earns. How can you ask the question tactfully”可知外国人的薪酬是一个私人话题，所以询问的时候要委婉，故此处划线部分和skillfully“巧妙地”意义相近。故选C。
48．推理判断题。根据“Of course, there are people who choose to avoid answering the question”可知人选择避免回答这个问题，所以即使是一个委婉的问题，你也可能得不到具体的答案。故选B。

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