资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第17讲 连词
目录
一 复习目标 掌握目标及备考方向
二 考情分析 近几年连词考情分析
三 网络构建 知识点头脑风暴
四 连词的考向 并列连词的用法常用从属连词的基本用法常用连词用法区别5.提升必考题型归纳
五 真题感悟 中考连词经典考题
【复习目标】
1.掌握并列连词的用法
2.掌握常用从属连词的基本用法
3.掌握常用连词用法区别
【考情分析】
【网络构建】
考向 一 并列连词的用法
并列连词用来连接平行的词、短语或句子；从属连词是用来引导从句的词。并列连词按照其在句中的作用可分为表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系和因果关系的连词。
一：表示并列关系的并列连词
表示并列关系的常见连词有：and (和；又；而且), as well as( 也 ； 和 ), both...and...( 既……又……), not only...but also...( 不仅……而且……), neither...nor... (既不……也不……)。
连词 用法 例句
but 意为＂但是＂，表示意义递进的转折或前后两个事实相反。 His mother won’t be there, but his father might.他母亲不会去那里，但他父亲也许会去。
while 意为＂但是，然而＂，强调对比性的转折。 I like English while he likes math.我喜欢英语而他喜欢数学。
yet 意为＂可是；然而＂，表示转折时，前面可与and连用，且这两个部分的主语是一致的。 I failed again, and yet I never give up.我又失败了，然而我绝不放弃。
We are singing and they are dancing. 我们在唱歌，他们在跳舞。
I’m learning French as well as English. 我学法语，还学英语。
Not only English but also French is spoken in Canada. 在加拿大，人们不仅说英语，而且说法语。
二：表示转折关系的并列连词
1.although或though在引导让步状语从句时，主句不可使用转折连词but，但是可以使用yet或still。 Although she is in poor health，(yet) she works hard.虽然她的身体不好，但是她工作非常努力。
2.however 意为＂然而，不过＂，可放在句首、句中或句末，不能像but那样直接连接两个句子，常用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
(×)We all tried our best, however we lost the game.
(√)We all tried our best.However, we lost the game.
(√)We all tried our best, but we lost the game.
三：表示选择关系的并列连词
连词 意义 例句
or 或者；否则 Hurry up, or you will be late. 快点，否则你会迟到的。
or else 否则；要不然 Be careful or else you will make a mistake. 小心，否则你将会犯错误。
rather than 而不是 I will do it myself rather than ask him to do it.我会亲自去做这件事，而不是叫他去做。
not…but 不是……而是…… John is not her father but her uncle.约翰不是她的父亲而是她的的叔叔
either…or 或者……或者…… Either Alice or her father cooks meals at home.要么爱丽丝要么她爸爸在家做饭。
whether…or 不管是……还是…… They haven’t decided whether they will go to London or Berlin。他们尚未决定是去伦敦还是去柏林。
四：表示因果关系的并列连词
连词 意义 例句
for 意为＂因为＂，用来补充说明或表示推测性的理由，不能置于两个并列分句的句首，只能放在两个分句的中间。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。
so 表示＂因此；所以＂时，不能与because 连用。 He worked hard, so he passed the exam.他努力学习，所以通过了考试。
考向 二 常用从属连词的用法
分类 引导词 用法和例句
时间状语从句 (1)when,while,as(2)before,after(3)until/till(4)since(5)as soon as (1)when“当...时”引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。从句动作可与主语动作同时发生或先后发生。while“与...同时，在...期间”引导的从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词。as“正当...，一边...一边...，随着”When he opened the door, he saw the bird.When you are crossing the street, you must be careful.He was watching TV while she was cooking.She sang as she washed clothes.We get wiser as we get older.(2)before“在...之前”。after“在...之后”Before he reached the station, the train had gone.After we had finished the work, we went home.(3)until/till“直到”，till不用于句首。若主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，主句用肯定式，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止；若主句的谓语动作是瞬间动词，用not...until结构表示“直到...才...”You may stay here until the rain stops. He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back.(4)since自...以来，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。常见句型：It is/has been...since+从句。I have worked here since I graduated from Peking university.It is ten years since I began to study English.(5)as soon as“一...就...”，该从句常用一般现在时表将来。As soon as the rain stops, we will go home.
条件状语从句 (1)if (2)unless (3)as long asOnce in case 条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”if“如果”；unless“除非，如果不”；as long as“只要”I’ll visit the Great Wall if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.I’ll visit the Great Wall unless it rains tomorrow.As long as you study hard, you will pass the exam.
原因状语从句 (1)because(2)since(3)as (1)because表示直接原因，语气最强，回答why引导的疑问句必须使用because。其引导的从句比主句显得重要。He didn’t come because he was ill.(2)since“既然”表示人们已知的事实，不需要强调的原因，一般位于主句之前，语气比because弱。since引导的从句是次要的，重点强调主句的内容。Since everyone is here, let’s start.(3)as与since用法差不多，引导的从句与主句同等重要。She didn’t hear us come in as she was asleep.
目的状语从句 so that, in order that 目的状从的谓语中常含有may, might, can, could, will, would等情态动词。当从句主语与主句主语一致时，可用so as to, in order to。He must get up early so that he can go to work on time.=He must get up early so as to go to work on time.
结果状语从句 so/such...that... so...that与such...that的区别so+形容词/副词+thatso+many/few+可数名词复数+thatso+much/little+不可数名词+thatso+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+thatsuch+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+thatsuch+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+thatShe is such a lovely girl that we love her very much.=She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much.
让步状语从句 though/althougheven if/though (1)though/although“虽然，尽管”，不可与but连用，但可与yet连用。They are generous though they are poor.Although he was Japanese, he spent most of his life in China.(2)even if/though“尽管，即使”，语气更强。We’ll make a trip even if/even though the weather is bad.
小试牛刀
1.The sports meeting will continue it rains this afternoon.
A.if B.since C.unless
2.I’ll give her the message she comes back.
A.till B.before C.as soon as
3.—Did you catch what the teacher said
—No. She spoke fast that I couldn’t hear her very clearly.
A.so B.such C.very
4.The teacher speaks very loudly all the students can hear her.
A.so that B.because C.since
5. It’s raining outside. Don’t leave it stops.
A.when B.since C.until
6. it’s difficult to make her dream come true, but she never gives up.
A.Though B. / C.Because
7. Several days has passed the terrible earthquake happened in Japan.
A.after B.since C.as
8.We couldn’t get to school on time it was raining heavily.
A.because of B.though C.because
考向 三 常用连词用法区别
1. while, when, as的用法区别：
这三个连词都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。
（1）当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。
（2）当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while。如：
（3）当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。如：
（4）当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边……一边……”时，最常用as。如：
（5）当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。
（6）当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when。
1.As/When/While I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car.
2.While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.
3.As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.
4.Just as he caught the fly, he gave a loud cry.
5.When he finished his work, he took a short rest.
6.When John arrived I was cooking lunch.
2. as, because, since, for的用法区别：
这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。
（1）如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：
（2）如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。since比as稍微正式一点as和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。如：
（3）for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。
1.I stayed at home because it rained.
2.---- Why aren’t you going ---- Because I don’t want to.
3.As he wasn’t ready, we left without him.
4.Since I have no money, I can’t buy any food.
5.I decided to stop and have lunch----for I was feeling quite hungry.
3. if, whether的用法区别：if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾语从句一般可互换。
（1）引导主语从句时。如：Whether he will come to the party is unknown.
（2）引导表语从句时。如：The question is whether I can pass the exam.
（3）引导宾语从句时，①在不定式前；②在具有选择意义又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether，而不用if；③宾语是介词引导的从句时用whether；④有时为了强调，将宾语从句放在句首时用whether。在下列情况下，只能用whether，不能用if：
1.I haven’t made up my mind whether to go there or not.
2.I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.
3.I don’t know whether (if) he likes that film.
4.They are talking about whether to go there or not.
5.Can you tell me whether or not he will come to our party.
6.It depends on whether it is going to rain.
7.Whether the story is true or not, I don’t know yet.
4. so…that, such...that的用法区别：
（1）so…that中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such...that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。I’m
（2）如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时，用so，不用such。
小试牛刀
1.He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.
2.I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.
3. I am so tired that I can’t walk any farther.
4.It was such a warm day that he went swimming.
5. although, but的用法区别：
这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.” 这个句子应改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.
6. because, so的用法区别：
这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 这个句子应改为Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.或John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.
7. and和or的用法区别：
（1）and用于肯定句中，or用于否定句或选择疑问句中。
（2）否定句中两部分都有否定词时用and连接。
（3）句中含有without时，肯定句中用or，否定句中用and。
（4）and与or(表示“否则”)都可以与if引导的条件状语从句转换。
课堂练习
一、单项选择
1．（2023·吉林四平·校联考模拟预测）Remember to take the medicine three times a day, ________ you won’t get any better.
A．or B．and C．but
2．（2023·安徽·统考模拟预测）My cousin Laura wants to be the best dancer, _________ it’s very difficult because it’s so competitive.
A．and B．so C．but D．or
3．（2023·安徽·校联考模拟预测）—What about going out to play football
—I’m afraid not. The ground is wet, ________ it rained last night.
A．so B．and C．but D．for
4．（2023·福建福州·模拟预测）Love from our teachers is like the wind. You can’t see it, ________ you can feel it.
A．and B．but C．so
5．（2023·福建南平·武夷山一中校考模拟预测）Never give up your dream, ________ you may make it come true one day.
A．but B．and C．or
6．（2023·福建漳州·校联考模拟预测）Work hard, ________ you’ll find a way out.
A．so B．or C．and
7．（2023·四川自贡·校考一模）—Why don’t you get used to the life in Beijing
—________ the crowded traffic ________ the high living cost. The only reason is the badly polluted air.
A．Either; or B．Both; and C．Neither; nor
8．（2023·重庆南岸·统考模拟预测）Be open to learning new lessons, _________ they may be different from the lessons you learned yesterday.
A．so B．but C．or D．though
9．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考模拟预测）Let’s give the two boys some time to calm down _________ neither is prepared to talk to the other.
A．although B．because C．unless D．so
10．（2023·甘肃平凉·校考三模）He has been here for only a week, ________ he has few friends.
A．and B．but C．or D．so
11．（2023·湖南株洲·统考二模）Our parents help and support us a lot, ________ we should be thankful to them.
A．but B．so C．because
12．（2023·河北唐山·统考二模）Hurry up, ________ we’ll miss the best part of the show.
A．and B．but C．so D．or
13．（2023·海南·校联考二模）Jenny prefers to watch horror movies on TV, ________ she is too scared to watch them alone.
A．but B．or C．so
14．（2023·甘肃白银·统考二模）Have a try again, ________ you can’t find the correct way to solve this kind of problem.
A．or B．so C．and D．but
15．（2023·江西九江·统考二模）Hurry up, ________ we will miss the last subway.
A．but B．and C．or D．so
16．（2023·上海黄浦·统考三模）We’re sure his flight arrives at Terminal 2, ________ I still need to check it.
A．and B．but C．so D．for
17．（2023·福建三明·统考二模）—Mom, can I have the white dress and the red skirt
—Sorry, dear. They cost too much, but you can choose ________ the dress ________ the skirt.
A．both; and B．either; or C．neither; nor
18．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）—When did you get to know her
—It was in 1998 ________ we worked together.
A．that B．since C．which D．when
19．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）—Mum, can I go out to play football with Jessica
—No, you can’t ________ your homework is being done.
A．before B．until C．when D．as
20．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.
A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever
二、语法选择
（2023·陕西西安·校考三模）
Children always like to play together. A group of boys went out to play on 31 sunny day and they found a big tree. “How tall it is! It will be exciting to climb to the top!” a boy said.
Then they stood around the tree and decided 32 a game to see who could climb to the top of it first. Their 33 sat not far away and they were watching their children while enjoying the sunshine.
One of the climbers was an 8-year-old boy named Daniel. He wasn’t as 34 as other boys. Actually, he was the shortest kid in the group. 35 thought he would win. Then the game started. All of the boys tried 36 best to climb as quickly as they could. To everyone’s surprise, although Daniel 37 slower than others in the beginning, he reached the top first in the end.
Daniel’s mother was very proud after the game. She said to Daniel, “My boy, you really surprised me. I wonder 38 . ”
“It was easy,” Daniel said. “The other children kept looking down as they were climbing. 39 they realized how high they were, they were afraid of falling off the tree. I, however, looked only 40 . I climbed fast because I wasn’t afraid. I kept going higher and higher until I got to the top.”
It is true in life that if we just keep going forward without looking back, we can achieve our goals（目标）.
31．A．a B．an C．the D．/
32．A．wish B．to wish C．play D．to play
33．A．mother B．mothers C．father D．fathers
34．A．tall B．taller C．short D．shorter
35．A．Anybody B．Everybody C．Nobody D．Somebody
36．A．them B．theirs C．they D．their
37．A．climbed B．climbs C．is climbing D．will climb
38．A．how did you make that B．how you made that
C．what did you make that D．what you made that
39．A．Although B．Unless C．Before D．When
40．A．down B．out C．up D．after
三、语法填空
（2023·浙江温州·校考三模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
The yearly marathon in my town took place on the 41 (nine) day in August this year. My job was to follow behind the runners in an ambulance, because some of 42 (they) might ask for medical help.
As the marathon began, the runners threw themselves forward from the starting line. Suddenly, my attention 43 (catch) by a woman in blue. She fell down to the ground and her legs were 44 (bad) hurt. However, without any stop, she stood up to continue the marathon. It seemed difficult for her 45 (finish) the marathon. I offered to help her but she refused. And soon she was 46 only runner left in my sight.
She kept running while she was suffering 47 great pain. Hours later, she reached the finish line and found all people had gone home. 48 there was nobody, cheering for her, she was still happy for completing the race. For her, it wasn’t about winning 49 (prize) but finishing what she had set out to do. 50 a strong-willed woman!
I do not know this woman’s name, but every time I have trouble, I think of her and then I have the power to move on.
真题演练
一、单项选择
1．（2023·甘肃甘南·统考中考真题）—Hurry up, dear! ________ we will not catch up with the train.
—Don’t worry! Time is still enough ________ we can make it.
A．And; or B．Or; but C．Or; and
2．（2023·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题）The race is only two days away, ________ Alice practices day and night.
A．as B．but C．so D．or
3．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）It’s a pity that ________ my father ________ my mother has time to attend my school-leavers’ party.
A．either, or B．neither, nor
C．both, and D．not only, but also
4．（2023·北京朝阳·统考一模）This T-shirt is very nice, ________ it doesn’t look good on me.
A．but B．so C．and D．or
5．（2022·四川·统考中考真题）Both my sister ________ my brother like pop music.
A．or B．but C．so D．and
6．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly _______ you will stay healthy.
A．and B．or C．but D．for
7．（2022·山东滨州·统考中考真题）—I like riding fast. It’s very exciting.
—Oh! You mustn’t do it like that, ________ you may have an accident.
A．or B．so C．and D．but
8．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）—Do you like Journey to the West ________ The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
—Journey to the West.
A．and B．or C．but
9．（2022·河北·统考中考真题）I saw a good film, ________ I can’t remember its name.
A．so B．or C．for D．but
10．（2022·北京丰台·统考一模）Lucy is busy making a fruit cake ________ it’s her mother’s birthday today.
A．or B．but C．although D．because
11．（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）—Tom dreams of being a football player, but he is a bit lazy.
—I don’t think he can realise his dream ________ he works hard. You know, no pain, no gain.
A．when B．unless C．since D．because
12．（2023·江苏常州·统考中考真题）As we live in a rapidly developing world, we will be left behind ________ we keep learning.
A．unless B．if C．after D．though
13．（2023·辽宁大连·统考中考真题）History is my favorite subject ________ it’s very interesting.
A．if B．though C．when D．because
14．（2023·湖北恩施·中考真题）—Miss Wang, what’s the most important thing ________ we go travelling
—You should make a plan first.
A．while B．before C．after
15．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）Gu Ailing worked ________ hard ________ she got excellent achievements at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
A．not only … but also B．such ... that
C．not ... until D．so … that
16．（2022·山东东营·统考中考真题）You won’t be allowed to enter the school _________ your temperature is higher than normal.
A．if B．until C．though D．unless
17．（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Kobe Bryant’s spirit will continue to influence us ________ he is dead.
A．though B．if C．until D．because
18．（2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题）Mary is good at writing. I am sure she’ll get a good place ________ she takes part in the writing competition.
A．before B．if C．though D．unless
19．（2022·吉林长春·统考中考真题）I didn’t understand my mom’s love ________ we had a long talk.
A．until B．if C．since D．because
20．（2022·广西梧州·统考中考真题）In 2020, many doctors went to Wuhan to help the patients, ________ they knew it was dangerous.
A．until B．although C．before D．unless
参考答案
完型选择题
31．A 32．D 33．B 34．A 35．C 36．D 37．A 38．B 39．D 40．C
语法填空
41．ninth 42．them 43．was caught 44．badly 45．to finish 46．the 47．from 48．Although/Though 49．prizes 50．What
真题演练
1-5 CCBAD 6-10 AABDD 11-15 BADBD 16-20 AABAB
连词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用连词的能力。
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