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Unit 4 A good read
Grammar
Content
Learning objectives
01
Lead-in
02
Presentation
03
Practice
04
Summary
05
Homework
06
目录
Learning objectives
After learning this lesson, you can:
1. understand some new words and expressions and learn to use them;
2. learn to use question words + to-infinitives;
3. learn how to use must and have to.
Learning objectives
Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
1. To learn to use question words + to-infinitives.
2. To learn how to use must and have to.
Lead in
Gulliver was tied to .
He didn’t know what to .
He didn’t know how to .
We can use a question word with a to-infinitive after a verb.
the ground
say
get away
Millie has decided .(读什么)
Daniel didn’t say .(与谁聊天)
Simon forgot . (何时与朋友见面)
Sandy is wondering . (去哪里寻求帮助)
Amy doesn’t know _______ (如何写报告)
Using question words + to-infinitives
what to read
who to talk to
when to meet friends
where to ask for help
how to write the report
All question words can be used with a to-infinitive, except why.
She will explain why to recommend this book.
×
She will explain why she recommends this book.
√
动词 + 疑问词 + 不定式
Millie has decided what to read.
Daniel did not say who to talk to about this book.
Simon forgot when to meet his friends.
Kitty cannot decide which to choose first.
Sandy is wondering where to ask for help.
Amy does not know how to write the report.
主语
谓语
宾语
宾语
Using question words + to-infinitives
Millie has decided .(读什么)
Daniel did not say .(与谁聊天)
Simon forgot .(何时与朋友见面)
Kitty cannot decide .(选哪个)
Sandy is wondering ______ ___.(去哪里寻求帮助)
Amy doesn’t know ____ _______.(如何写报告)
what to read
who to talk to
when to meet friends
where to ask for help
how to write the report
All question words can be used with a to-infinitive, except why.
She will explain why to recommend this book.
×
She will explain why she recommends this book.
√
which to choose
所有疑问句中，只有why不可以与动词不定式连用。
Summary 1
我们可以用“疑问词 + 不定式”结构作动词的宾语。疑问词包括疑问代词who, what, which及疑问副词when, how, where等。
常和“疑问词 + 不定式”结构连用的动词和动词短语有：tell, show, think, learn, know, wonder, decide, remember, forget, understand, see, hear, ask, advise, explain, find out等。
We can use a question word except why with a to-infinitive after a verb.
Mr Wu advised us which to choose as after-school activities.
The students asked their teacher when to hand in their work.
Millie showed us what to do next.
Daniel taught himself how to use a computer to draw.
Don’t forget to tell your mum where to meet you.
We can use________ and____________ before a question word with a to-infinitive .
a verb
an object
这些动词的后面可以接双宾语。advise, ask, decide, discuss, find out, forget, know, learn, say, show, teach, think, remember, understand
Summary 2
谓动 + 宾语 + 疑问词 + 不定式
Mr Wu advised us which to choose as after-school activities.
The students asked their teacher when to hand in their work.
Millie showed us what to do next.
Daniel taught himself how to use a computer to draw.
Don't forget to tell your mum where to meet you.
主语
谓语
宾语
宾语
宾语 + 疑问词 + 不定式
They are discussing which colour to paint the walls.
You can ask your parents how much money to take with you.
We can use a________ after what, which, whose, how many and how much.
noun
Summary 3
有些疑问词，如what, which, whose, how many, how much等，其后可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。
疑问词 + 名词 + 不定式
They are discussing which colour to paint the walls.
疑问词 + 名词
不定式
You can ask your parents how much money to take with you.
what, which, whose, how many and how much + 名词
Suzy was not sure who to ask for help.
Are you clear when to meet at the gate tomorrow
We can use an _____________ like sure or clear before a question word.
adjective
Summary 4
在“疑问词 + 不定式”结构前，有时也可以是如sure, clear等形容词。
形容词 + 疑问词 + 不定式
Suzy was not sure who to ask for help.
Are you clear when to meet at the gate tomorrow
形容词
疑问词 + 不定式
1. “疑问词+动词不定式” 结构在句子中还可以做主语和表语。
Extension
How to deal with the problem is the most important.
如何处理这个问题是最重要的。
The problem is when to leave the place.
问题是何时离开这个地方。
2. “疑问词+动词不定式” 结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。
I don’t know what to do.
= I don’t know what I should do.
我不知道该做什么。
which to read
where to find
how to travel
when to hand in
what to write about
who to ask for
We must obey school rules when we’re at school. What school rules do we have What must we do What mustn’t we do
Obey the rules
We must wear school uniforms on Mondays.
We must get to school on time.
We must hand in our homework on time.
…
We use must when the speaker feels that something is necessary.
What must we do
We must not throw rubbish on the ground.
We must not run fast in the teaching buildings.
...
must not =mustn’t
What mustn’t we do
We use must not to say that something is not allowed.
I have to call my parents.
I have to ask for leave and stay at home.
…
has to , had to, will have to…
If you are ill and the doctor asks you stay at home, what will you have to do
be ill
We use have to when the situation makes something necessary.
I don’t have to finish my homework today.
I don’t have to have the rest lessons today.
...
do not have to = don’t have to
doesn’t have to, didn’t have to, won’t have to,…
What won’t you have to do
We use do not have to to say that it is not necessary to do something.
must与have to是两个常用的情态动词，两词后面都接动词原形。在使用时，应注意两词间的差别。
must 表示主语“有义务”的“必须”做某事，强调说话人的主观看法，主要用于肯定句和疑问句；must 还可以表示肯定推测，意思是“一定”。
have to 强调的是客观需要，意思是“不得不”。have to 有人称和数的变化。
must的否定形式是must not，其缩写为mustn’t，表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。
have to的否定形式是do not have to，其缩写为don’t have to。
You____________keep quiet in the library.
You keep the books clean and tidy.
You draw or write in the books.
You eat or drink in the library.
You ____________return the books on time, if you want to keep them longer, you _____________renew them.
You _________________bring your student card every time you go to the library, but remember to bring your library card.
must
must
mustn’t
mustn’t
have to
have to
don’t have to
Library rules
Exercise
1. When I go into the clothes shop, I always
can’t decide _____ one to buy.
2. My grandfather doesn’t know ____ to
use a computer.
3. --- Will you please tell me ____ to deal with this problem
--- Yes, of course. Now let me tell you
____ to do with it first.
4. I will tell Lucy _____ and _____ to meet.
which
how
how
what
when
where
用how, which, what, when, where填空。
Someone has put away (收拾，整理) the books.
You _______ do it.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. shouldn’t D. can’t
2. Girls ______ keep long hair away from fire.
A. can B. must C. have to D. may
3. - Can we discuss here
- No, you ______. You will disturb other people.
A. mustn’t B. won’t C. don’t D. needn’t
4. - Must I return the book today
- No, you _____.
A. don’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
Have a try
Rewrite the story
Rewrite the ending of Gulliver in Lilliput, using what we have learned today (question words + to-infinitives; must & have to).
Homework
1. Review the rules and finish the exercises.
2. Try to remember the forms of verbs’ past participle.
谢谢
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课程基本信息
学科 英语 年级 八年级下册
课题 Unit 4　A good readGrammar
使用教材 牛津译林版 出版日期 2013
学生信息
姓名 学校 班级 学号
学习目标
通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标：1.知识目标掌握词汇：hand, review, return, hand in, write about, and so on, ask for help, on time2.能力目标(1)学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构；(2)学会正确使用must和have to。3.情感目标 通过推荐好书的对话和了解图书馆借书流程，培养学生热爱阅读的习惯。重点难点1.重点：学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构。2.难点：正确使用must和have to。
课后练习
一、单项选择1．—Difficulties always go with me!—Cheer up! If God closes a door in front of you, there ________ a window opened for you.A．would B．must C．should D．can2．Dreams are like beautiful stars in the sky, but it needs lots of time and work to ________ them.A．receive B．realize C．refuse D．remember3．—Excuse me, do you mind if I use your new bike today —Well, if you ________, I can drive to work.A．can B．may C．must D．shall4．—Would you please tell me ________ to do with the broken computer, Mr Chen —No problem.A．how B．why C．what D．which5．He returned to the desk and then thought about what ________.A．was doing B．doing C．to do6．I didn’t know ________ the broken car then.A．What to do B．how to doC．what to do with D．how to do with7．—Judy, do you know —By speaking more and reading a lot.A．how to improve English B．who to ask for help with EnglishC．where to learn English D．when to learn English8．—Kitty, do you still remember the novel you borrowed from the library —Yes, Mum. I’ll do it this afternoon.A．who to renew B．when to renew C．where to renew D．what to renew9．—It’s cool to make a short video with your mobile phone, Jenny.—Let me show you ________.A．which to make B．how to make it C．what to make D．where to make it10．—Tom has invited me to his birthday party. Can you tell me _______ —A white shirt and a blue skirt look good on you.A．how to wear B．when to dress C．what to wear D．which to dress二、完型填空阅读短文，掌握其大意，从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。One day, a man was walking in the street with her servant. They saw a beautiful 11 . The man liked it very much. So he went to the owner and asked him if he could buy it.The owner said yes and sold the horse 12 a good price. When the man went back home, he asked his servant to take the saddle (马鞍) away. To their 13 , there was a small bag under the saddle. 14 the servant opened the bag, he found some diamonds (钻石) inside. The servant was very excited and he shouted, “Look, sir. The horse you bought has so much with it for free!” 15 the man said to his servant. “I bought a horse. I only paid for the horse, not for the diamonds. I must 16 the diamonds.”Then the man went back to the street. He saw the horse seller was still there. He gave the bag to him. The horse seller was 17 shocked. “Thank you so much, sir. It’s so 18 of you to return the bag to me. I hid the bag under the horse’s saddle and I forgot it. Please choose a diamond from the bag as my gift for 19 .The man replied, “I don’t need any thanks for returning this. In fact, when I decided to bring back the bag, I 20 two diamonds! They are my honesty and integrity (诚实和正直).”11．A．dog B．horse C．bird D．lion12．A．with B．for C．at D．in13．A．surprise B．promise C．wish D．mind14．A．Before B．Though C．Because D．After15．A．If B．So C．But D．As16．A．return B．pass C．accept D．push17．A．loudly B．usually C．hardly D．completely18．A．late B．nice C．serious D．outgoing19．A．it B．me C．you D．them20．A．mixed B．changed C．lent D．got三、阅读理解Once a young fisherman loved a Mermaid, but the Mermaid told him that they could only be together if he had no soul (灵魂).The fisherman asked the Priest to send away his soul, and the Priest advised him not to do, because the Soul was the noblest (高贵的) part of mankind. Then the fisherman walked to sell his Soul to a merchant (商人). The merchant didn’t want it because the Soul was the least valuable thing in the world. Then he thought of a clever witch (女巫). He said as long as the Witch told him how to give away his Soul, he could give the Witch everything. The Witch only needed him to dance with her on the top of the hill. After that she took out a knife and told the Fisherman how to send his Soul away. The Fisherman followed her way at once, leaving his Soul travelling around the world alone.The first year passed, the Soul went back to the beach and told the Fisherman he had visited many places. And he wanted to give the Fisherman the Mirror of Wisdom and then he could become his soul again. But the Fisherman didn’t agree. The next year later, the Soul came to the beach to coerce the Fisherman with Riches. But the fisherman wanted Love not Riches. After the third year, the Soul called the Fisherman again. This time he successfully asked the Fisherman to go together with him to see a beautiful dancer who had feet. The Mermaid had no feet and couldn’t dance. The Soul returned to the Fisherman happily and became one with him. On the way to see the dancer, the Soul ordered the Fisherman to steal a silver cup while they were in the first city. When passing through the second city, the Soul made the Fisherman hit the child standing by a bottle of water. And in the third city, the Soul asked the Fisherman to kill a businessman who kindly provided a guest room for him to live in.The Fisherman felt sorry doing the evil things, so he took out the knife given by the Witch and wanted to force the Soul away again, but he failed. He suddenly thought of the words the Witch told him before.21．Who drove the Fisherman’s Soul away in the end A．The Fisherman himself. B．The Priest. C．The Merchant. D．The Witch.22．What did the Witch ask the Fisherman to do for helping him A．To give her his soul. B．To give her his everything.C．To dance on the top of the hill. D．To be away from the mermaid.23．What does the underline word “coerce” in the third paragraph probably mean A．刺激 B．逼迫 C．鼓励 D．惩罚24．What is the right order according to the text ①The Soul travelled around the world by himself.②The Soul asked the Fisherman to kill a businessman.③The Soul went to see a beautiful dancer with the Fisherman④The Soul wanted to give the Fisherman the Mirror of Wisdom.A．①②③④ B．②①④③ C．②③①④ D．①④③②25．What is the best title of the passage A．The Soul and the Fisherman B．The Fisherman and the MermaidC．The Priest and the Merchant D．The Witch and the Fisherman.四、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。There used to be two high mountains between Jizhou in the south and Hengyang in the north. One was c 26 Taihang Mountain and the other Wangwu Mountain. B 27 of the mountains were very high. Just to the north of the mountains lived an old man called Mr. Fool who was nearly 90 years old. W 28 the two high mountains in front of his house, his family had to walk a long way around the mountains whenever they had something to do on the other side of the mountains.One day, Mr. Fool called all his family together to d 29 how to move the two mountains away. His wife said: “An old man like you cannot e 30 move a small hill, not to mention the two high mountains. Even if you can, where can you throw so much earth and stone ”“The Bohai Sea is big enough to contain all the earth and stone.” Mr. Fool said. So Mr. Fool started to l 31 his children to dig the mountains. A man named Smart saw them working and tried to s 32 them, saying: “You are so silly! You’re so old and weak, how can you move the high mountains ”“You’re wrong,” Mr. Fool said. “My sons can c 33 my work after my death. When my sons die, my grandchildren will continue. So generations after generations, there’s no end. But the mountains can’t grow higher. Do you still say I am u 34 to move them away ”Later the Heaven God, upon learning of Mr. Fool’s story, was greatly t 35 . He then ordered another god to take the two high mountains away.The story tells us that as long as one is determined and sticks to it long enough, anything can be done, no matter how difficult it is.参考答案：1．B【详解】句意：——困难总是伴随着我！——振作起来！如果上帝在你面前关上了一扇门，一定会有一扇窗为你打开。考查情态动词。would会，表示意愿；must一定，表示推测；should应该；can能。根据“If God closes a door in front of you, there...a window opened for you.”可知，表示可能性极大的推测应用must“一定”。故选B。2．B【详解】句意：梦想就像天空中美丽的星星，但要实现它们需要大量的时间和工作。考查动词词义辨析。receive收到；realize实现；refuse拒绝；remember记得。分析题干可知，them指上文提到的Dreams“梦想”，此处表示实现梦想需要大量的时间和工作，故选B。3．C【详解】句意：——对不起，你介意我今天用你的新自行车吗？——好吧，如果你一定要的话，我可以开车去上班。考查情态动词词义辨析。can可以；may也许；must一定要，非要；shall将要。if you must意为“如果你一定要”，表示虽不赞同但可允许，结合“I can drive to work”可知，must符合语境。故选C。4．C【详解】句意：——陈先生，你能告诉我怎么处理坏了的电脑吗？——没问题。考查疑问词词义辨析。how怎么样；why为什么；what什么；which哪一个。分析句子结构可知，此处考查“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语，what to do with sth.表示“如何处理……”，为固定搭配。故选C。5．C【详解】句意：他回到办公桌前，思考着接下来要做什么。考查非谓语动词。根据“then thought about what…”可知，此处用“疑问词+动词不定式”作动词短语thought about的宾语，故选C。6．C【详解】句意：那时我不知道如何处理坏的车。考查特殊疑问词与非谓语动词的搭配。根据动词do与broken car的关系不能直接用do the car，应该是如何处理，应是搭配what to do with或how to deal with。故选C。7．A【详解】句意：——Judy，你知道怎么提高英语吗？——多说多读。考查特殊疑问词+不定式结构。根据“By speaking more and reading a lot.”可知，回答了方法，所以应是问“怎么样提高英语”。故选A。8．B【详解】句意：——Kitty，你还记得什么时候续借你从图书馆借的小说吗？——是的，妈妈。我今天下午就去。考查疑问词+不定式。根据“do it this afternoon”可知，此处问什么时候去续借，用疑问词“when+不定式”作宾语。故选B。9．B【详解】句意：——杰尼，你用你的手机制作短视频太酷了。——让你给你展示怎么制作的。考查疑问词+动词不定式。根据“It’s cool to make a short video with your mobile phone”可知，应是教对方如何使用抖音来制作短视频，how“怎么样”。故选B。10．C【详解】句意：——汤姆邀请我参加他的生日聚会。你能告诉我该穿什么吗？ ——你穿白衬衫和蓝裙子很好看。考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。how怎么；when什么时候；what什么；which哪一个。根据“A white shirt and a blue skirt look good on you.”可知，不能确定穿什么，用what提问。故选C。11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．C 16．A 17．D 18．B 19．C 20．D【导语】本文讲述了一个诚实的人把一袋钻石还给失主的故事。11．句意：他们看到了一匹漂亮的马。dog狗；horse马；bird鸟；lion狮子。根据“The owner said yes and sold the horse”可知，他们看到了一匹漂亮的马。故选B。12．句意：马主答应了，并以好价钱把马卖了。with和；for为了；at在；in在……里。根据“a good price”可知，表达以某种价格出售，用介词at。故选C。13．句意：令他们吃惊的是，马鞍下面有一个小袋子。surprise惊讶；promise承诺；wish希望；mind大脑。根据“there was a small bag under the saddle.”可知，他们惊讶于马鞍下有一个袋子。故选A。14．句意：仆人打开袋子后，他发现里面有一些钻石。Before在……之前；Though虽然；Because因为；After在……以后。根据“the servant opened the bag, he found some diamonds (钻石) inside.”可知，仆人打开袋子之后才发现了钻石。故选D。15．句意：但那人对仆人说：“我买了一匹马。我只买了马，没买钻石。我必须把钻石还回去。”If如果；So因此；But但；As随着。根据这个人对仆人说的话“The servant was very excited and he shouted, “Look, sir. The horse you bought has so much with it for free!” ...the man said to his servant. “I bought a horse. I only paid for the horse, not for the diamonds...””可知，设空处前后存在转折关系，空处应是but。故选C。16．句意：但那人对仆人说：“我买了一匹马。我只买了马，没买钻石。我必须把钻石还回去。”return归还；pass通过；accept接受；push推。根据“I only paid for the horse, not for the diamonds.”可知，只买了马，所以得把钻石还回去。故选A。17．句意：卖马人完全震惊了。loudly大声地；usually通常；hardly几乎不；completely完全地。根据卖马的人说的话“Thank you so much, sir. It’s so...of you to return the bag to me.”可知，买马的人能把钻石还回来，卖主完全震惊了。故选D。18．句意：你把袋子还给我真是太好了。late迟的；nice好的；serious认真的；outgoing外向的。根据“of you to return the bag to me”可知，这里指的是能把袋子归还真是太好了。故选B。19．句意：请从包里选一颗钻石作为我送给你的礼物。it它；me我；you你；them他们。根据“Please choose a diamond from the bag as my gift for”可知，应说作为“我”给你的礼物。故选C。20．句意：事实上，当我决定把袋子拿回来的时候，我得到了两颗“钻石”！mixed混合；changed改变；lent借；got得到。根据“They are my honesty and integrity (诚实和正直).”可知，此处表示自己得到了两颗“钻石”。故选D。21．A 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．A【导语】本文是一则关于渔夫和灵魂的故事，渔夫想去见小美人鱼，不想要自己的灵魂，而灵魂一直在守望着渔夫事。21．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The Witch only needed him to dance with her on the top of the hill.After that she took out a knife and told the Fisherman how to send his Soul away. The Fisherman followed her way at once, leaving his Soul travelling around the world alone.”可知，女巫拿出一把刀，告诉渔夫如何送走他的灵魂。由此可推测出，最后是渔夫自己赶走了灵魂的。故选A。22．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Witch only needed him to dance with her on the top of the hill.”可知，女巫只需要渔夫和她在山顶上跳舞。故选C。23．词义猜测题。根据后文“But the fisherman wanted Love not Riches.”可知，渔夫但是渔夫想要的是爱情而不是财富。由此可推测出，划线的单词coerce指的是“逼迫”，表示灵魂来到海滩，用财富逼迫渔夫。故选B。24．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Fisherman followed her way at once, leaving his Soul travelling around the world alone.”，第三段中“And he wanted to give the Fisherman the Mirror of Wisdom and then he could become his soul again.”，第三段中“This time he successfully asked the Fisherman to go together with him to see a beautiful dancer who had feet.”和第三段中最后一句“And in the third city, the Soul asked the Fisherman to kill a businessman who kindly provided a guest room for him to live in.”可知，文章顺序是灵魂独自环游世界、灵魂想给渔夫一面智慧之镜、灵魂和渔夫一起去看一个美丽的舞女，最后是灵魂要求渔夫杀死一个商人。故选D。25．最佳标题题。根据通读全文可知，本文主要讲了渔夫和灵魂的故事，渔夫想去见小美人鱼，不想要自己的灵魂，而灵魂一直在守望着渔夫的故事。所以A选项“灵魂与渔夫”适合做标题。故选A。26．(c)alled 27．(B)oth 28．(W)ith 29．(d)iscuss 30．(e)ven 31．(l)ead 32．(s)top 33．(c)ontinue 34．(u)nable 35．(t)ouched【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了愚公移山的故事，告诉我们只要有决心并坚持不懈，一定能做成想做的事情。26．句意：一座山被叫做太行山，另一座山被叫做王屋山。本句主语“one”代指前文的“high mountain”，空格后为山的名字，故空格处表示“叫……名字”的含义，由首字母可知此处应填call，根据句意该句为被动语态，此处应用动词过去分词，故填(c)alled。27．句意：两座山都非常高。根据“There used to be two high mountains...”及首字母提示可知，这里指两座山都很高，both意为“两者都”，故填(B)oth。28．句意：由于两座大山就在他房子前面，每当他的家人在山的另一边有事情要做，他们不得不绕着山走很远的路。分子句意可知“the two high mountains in front of his house”是家人不得不走远路的原因，由首字母提示可知应填with，表原因，故填(W)ith。29．句意：一天，愚公把所有的家人叫到一起来讨论如何把山移走。根据“how to move the two mountains away”及首字母提示可知，这里指讨论如何把山移走，discuss意为“讨论”，此处是不定式表目的，应用动词原形，故填(d)iscuss。30．句意：他的妻子说：“像你这样的老人甚至连一座小山都搬不动，更别提两座高山了。”本句结构完整，空格位于句中情态动词后，考虑使用副词起修饰作用。结合句意以及首字母可知“even甚至”符合语境。故填(e)ven。31．句意：所以愚公开始带领他的孩子们挖山。根据“his children to dig the mountains”及首字母提示可知，这里指带领他的孩子们挖山，lead意为“带领”，start to do意为“开始做某事”，故填(l)ead。32．句意：一个叫做智者的人看到他们在干活，就想阻止他们，他说“你太傻了。你年弱体衰，怎么能搬得动高山呢？”根据“You are so silly! You’re so old and weak, how can you move the high mountains ”及首字母提示可知，这里指阻止愚公及家人搬山，stop意为“阻止”，try to do意为“试图做某事”，故填(s)top。33．句意：我的儿子可以在我死后继续我的工作。根据“When my sons die, my grandchildren will continue.”及首字母提示可知，这里指继续我的工作，continue意为“继续”，情态动词后跟动词原形，故填(c)ontinue。34．句意：你还要说我不能把山搬走吗？由上文“So generations after generations, there’s no end. But the mountains can’t grow higher.”可知，这里指我不能把山搬走吗，unable意为”不能”，故填(u)nable。35．句意：之后，天上的神听说了愚公的故事后，非常感动。由下文“He then ordered another god to take the two high mountains away.”可知，天上的神感动了，结合句意及首字母填空可知“touched感动的”符合语境。故填(t)ouched。
课后练习
基础过关
能力提升
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学习任务单
课程基本信息
学科 英语 年级 八年级下册
课题 Unit 4　A good read 第三课时Grammar
使用教材 牛津译林版 出版日期 2013
学生信息
姓名 学校 班级 学号
学习目标
I. Teaching aims and learning objectivesBy the end of the lesson, students should be able to:1. understand some new words and expressions and learn to use them;2. learn to use question words + to-infinitives;3. learn how to use must and have to.II. Teaching contents1. New words and phrases: hand, review, return, hand in, write about, and so on, ask help with writing, on time 2. New structures: Millie has decided what to read. Daniel did not say who to talk to about this book. Simon forgot when to meet his friends. Kitty cannot decide which to choose first. Sandy is wondering where to ask for help. Amy does not know how to write the report. Mr Wu is always there to help us. “I must run away from them,” Gulliver thought. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge. You must not smoke in the library. We do not have to go to school at weekends.III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty1. To learn to use question words + to-infinitives.2. To learn how to use must and have to.
课前学习任务
重难单词及词形变换1.______ vi.交；递，给 →hand n.______ hand out ______ by hand ______ hand on 交付；传递2.______ n.评论 →review v.______；______，复习 →______ n.评论家3.______ vt.归还；回来，归来 →______ n.______ 经典短语默写1.__________________ 读什么2. __________________ 按时归还图书3.__________________ 按时；准时4. __________________ 请求(给予)5. __________________ 上交，递交6.__________________ 自学7. __________________ 找出8. __________________ 顺便问一下9. __________________ 保持书本干净整洁10.__________________ 记着去做某事重难句型过关 1.Millie has decided ______ ______ ______. 米莉已经决定了读什么。2.Daniel did not say ______ ______ ______ ______ about this book. 丹尼尔没有说和谁谈论这本书。3.Simon forgot ______ ______ ______ his friends. 西蒙忘记什么时候见他的朋友了。4.Kitty cannot ______ ______ ______ ______ first. 基蒂不能决定先选哪个。5.Sandy is ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ help. 桑迪想知道到哪里寻求帮助。6.Amy does not know ______ ______ ______ the report. 埃米不知道如何写这个报告。7.Mr Wu is always there ______ ______ us. 吴先生总是在那里帮助我们。8.The students asked their teacher ______ ______ ______ ______ their work. 学生们问他们的老师什么时候交作业。9. You ______ ______ ______ in the library. 你不能在图书馆抽烟。10.I ______ ______ ______ them ______ ______ the box on the fridge. 我不得不用它们去够冰箱上的那个盒子。11.You ______ ______ ______ in the library. 你不能在图书馆抽烟。
课上学习任务
通过本课节的教学，让学生达成以下目标：1.知识目标掌握词汇：hand, review, return, hand in, write about, and so on, ask for help, on time2.能力目标(1)学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构；(2)学会正确使用must和have to。3.情感目标 通过推荐好书的对话和了解图书馆借书流程，培养学生热爱阅读的习惯。重点难点1.重点：学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构。2.难点：正确使用must和have to。
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教学设计
课题 第三课时Grammar 单元 Unit 4　A good read 课型 语法课
使用教材 牛津译林 出版时间 2013 学科 英语 年级 八
教材分析 首先通过一个小视频导入，再复习之前学过的动词不定式在句中作不同成分的用法，继而呈现疑问词跟动词不定式连用的几种情况，对每种情况进行总结。并通过一些练习进行巩固。再通过library rules 对must和have to的用法加以讲解和区分。然后通过一些图片设置的情境进行区分，最后通过练习来巩固。
学习目标 I. Teaching aims and learning objectivesBy the end of the lesson, students should be able to:1. understand some new words and expressions and learn to use them;2. learn to use question words + to-infinitives;3. learn how to use must and have to.II. Teaching contents1. New words and phrases: hand, review, return, hand in, write about, and so on, ask help with writing, on time 2. New structures: Millie has decided what to read. Daniel did not say who to talk to about this book. Simon forgot when to meet his friends. Kitty cannot decide which to choose first. Sandy is wondering where to ask for help. Amy does not know how to write the report. Mr Wu is always there to help us. “I must run away from them,” Gulliver thought. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge. You must not smoke in the library. We do not have to go to school at weekends.III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty1. To learn to use question words + to-infinitives.2. To learn how to use must and have to.
重点 学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构。
难点 正确使用must和have to。
教学过程
教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 设计意图
导入（5分钟） Watch a videoLead in question words + to-infinitivesGulliver’s feelings in Lilliput: Gulliver didn’t know what to say.Gulliver didn’t know how to get away. Review the story Gulliver’s Travels ：What’s the story about S: The story is about Gulliver’s trips in some strange countries. A lot of amazing things happened. And he also had a lot of difficulties. It’s exciting and interesting. 【设计意图：本环节通过格列佛的视频故事来导入本课目标语法之一。这样做一方面学生有话可说；另一方面，导入自然。】
课前活动（10分钟） We can use a question word with a to-infinitive after a verb. (1) Millie has decided _____（读什么）. (2) Daniel did not say _____（和谁交谈）about this book.(3) Simon forgot ______（什么时候遇见）his friends. (4) Kitty cannot decide ______（选哪一个）first.(5) Sandy is wondering ________（去哪儿请求）for help.(6) Amy does not know _______（怎样写）the report.We can use a question word + to-infinitive after a verb. Can you work out any rules about this structure Translate the sentencesWork out the rule Using question words+to-infinitives，从而过渡到语法结构的用法。在学生有一定了解的情况下，鼓励学生自己尝试，并得出规则，让学生学会自主学习。】
课中活动（15分钟） 1. Learn to use verbs + objects + question words + to-infinitives Complete the sentencesT: Complete the sentences, using a verb and an object before question words + to-infinitives.Work out the rule (1) verbs used with question words + to-infinitives (2) verbs used with objects + question words + to-infinitives2.Learn to use verbs + question words + nouns + to-infinitives Learn to use adjectives + question words + to-plete the sentences，Summary Summary1.四种结构。(1) 动词+疑问词 + to do sth(2) 动词+ 宾语+ 疑问词+to do sth(3) 动词+ 疑问词+ 名词+ to do sth(4) adj. (sure/clear) + 疑问词+to do sth2.“疑问词+动词不定式”结构在句子中还可以作主语和表语。(1) What to do with（如何处理) the waste is still a hard problem.(2) The problem is when to leave（何时离开）the place.3.“疑问词+动词不定式”结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。e.g. I don’t know what to do.（该做什么） = I don’t know what I should do. 【注意】所有疑问句中，只有why不可以与动词不定式连用 【设计意图：在语篇中呈现语法知识，学生先对语法现象形成一定的感性认识，再通过教师的引导，根据语境归纳和总结语法规则。】
课后活动（15分钟） Using must and have toWe must obey school rules when we’re at school. What school rules do we have What must we do What mustn’t we do 2.Differences between must and have to Complete the sentences 1.Complete the library rules with must, must not, have to or don’t have to.2.Work out rules 创设语境，在语篇中自然引出must和have to。让学生先形成一定的感性认识，然后在语篇中体会语法的意义与功能。
课堂总结 Rewrite the story T: Rewrite the ending of Gulliver in Lilliput, using what we have learned today (question words + to-infinitives; must & have to). Grammar:1.“疑问词+动词不定式”四种结构(1) 动词+ 疑问词 + to do sth(2) 动词+ 宾语+ 疑问词+to do sth(3) 动词+ 疑问词+ 名词+ to do sth(4) adj. (sure/clear)+ 疑问词+to do sth2.must与have to(1) must: 主观意愿必须做某事must do sth 禁止做某事mustn’t do sth(2) have to: 客观需要不得不做某事have to do sth不必做某事 don’t have to do sth
作业 1. Review the rules and finish the exercises.2. Try to remember the forms of verbs’ past participle.
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