资源简介

2023学年第二学期
茅盾中学第一次考试高一英语试卷
考生须知：
1.全卷分试题卷、答题卡和答题纸共三部分，满分 150分，考试时间为120分钟。
2.本卷答案必须做在答题卡和答题纸的相应位置上，做在试题卷上无效。
3.本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷选择题部分（共95分）
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is probably Sue now
A. At home. B. At Bill's home. C. At the office.
2. What does the woman want to do
A. Quit smoking. B. Change a seat. C. Buy a cake.
3. What did the man do last weekend
A. He took a trip. B. He watched a game. C. He played basketball.
4. What does the man need now
A. Ice cream. B. Milk. C. Water.
5. Where does the woman want to go
A. The bus station. B. The train station. C. The police station.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does Jack have to do at 10:00 am
A. Attend a lecture. B. Catch a bus. C. Repair his bike.
7. How does the boy usually go to school
A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Whom is the party for
A. Lisa. B. Jane. C. Ted.
9. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Play some games. B. Bring Jane along. C. Watch a video.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the woman think of the bedroom
A. Bright. B. New. C. Small.
11. What does the woman like best
A. The kitchen. B. The view. C. The living room.
12. What will the speakers do most probably
A. Have the shower repaired. B. Buy some furniture. C. Keep searching.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the possible relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Colleagues.
14. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In the classroom. B. Over the phone. C. At the woman's home.
15. Why does Tom feel stressed out
A He can't speak English well.
B. He has known the exam result.
C. He didn't do well in the English exam.
16. What is the woman's suggestion
A. Correcting the mistakes now.
B. Paying more attention next time.
C. Communicating with parents.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many foreign students are visiting in the speaker's school now
A. About 13. B. About 20. C. Over 30.
18. Why does the school organize the music week
A. To attract more foreign students.
B. To exchange ideas about culture.
C. To help foreign students enjoy their time.
19. When should students sign up for the activities
A. Before September 15th.
B. In the last week of September.
C. In the first week of December.
20. Where will the music week be held
A. In the library. B. In the garden. C. On the playground.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共11小题：每小题2.5分，满分27.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Music and art festivals are fun and exciting events. If you're panning to go to a festival, it's important to plan your trip carefully to ensure that you re safe and have a good time.
■Bring clothes to keep warm or cool
In addition to your fun festival clothing, pack a raincoat, some light tank tops, and a sweater or sweatshirt. Don't forget longer pants for cool evenings or bad weather. In general, it's best to leave your umbrella at home because they can be dangerous in large crowds.
■Get a cheap tent and sleeping bag for multi - day festivals
A majority of people end up throwing their tent away after long festivals, since they normally break from the use. Pick up a less expensive tent with enough room for you and your friends and pack a comfortable seeping bag for yourself, 1f you don't want to camp at the festival, remember to book an AirBnb or a hotel room nearby!
■Place a first aid kit in a proper place
Before the festival, buy a small first aid kit with band aids, and any medication that you need to take, in case you get minor injuries or a headache. Keep it in a proper place that's easily accessible, like your tent or car.
1. Why should umbrellas be left at home
A. They take up too much space. B. The weather will be terrible.
C. They might hurt someone. D. Travelers prefer raincoats,
2. What do most people do with tents after festivals
A. Sell them. B. Return them. C. Pack them up. D. Throw them away.
3. What is suggested about the first aid kit
A. It should be put at hand. B. It ought to be big enough.
C. It must contain all medicines. D. It has to be placed in the car.
B
“I like pigs,” Winston Churchill supposedly once said. “Dogs look up at us, cats look down on us, but pigs treat us as equals.” Whether Churchill’s contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear. But he, too, surely saw something in them that was lacking in other domestic beasts, for it was they who ended up running the show in novel Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent social creatures.
And, like all animals, they sometimes fight. A study just published in Animal Cognition by Ivan Norscia, a biological anthropologist at the University of Turin, in Italy, and his colleagues, looked at how a group of 104 domestic pigs went about resolving such incidents. In total, Dr. Norscia and his team studied the details of 216 pig conflicts over the course of six months.
Some pigs tend to be attackers; others tend to be victims. Who is what depends largely on weight, for, among pigs pounds mean power. The attacker might bite, kick, bump or lift the victim (or string together a sequence of those actions). Most conflicts ended in seconds, but some lasted a minute or two.
In most animal species that would be that. However, many of the pig conflicts Dr. Norscia observed had interested parties beyond the protagonists (主角). He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in resolving fights —and what this says about pigs’ cognitive (认知) abilities.
Since there was usually not enough time for a bystander pig to intervene during the heat of a conflict (though this did occur), he and his colleagues looked at what happened in the three minutes directly following an aggressive interaction. Sometimes, they found, the protagonists made up on their own —for instance, by touching noses.
On other occasions, though, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander acted as a peacemaker, engaging with the attacker and reducing the number of subsequent attacks compared with what might otherwise have been expected. Sometimes, by contrast, the bystander engaged with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior such as shaking and scratching.
4. Why does the author mention Winston Churchill in the first paragraph
A. To prove pigs are clever. B. To show pigs are inspirational.
C. To state Churchill loves pigs. D. To introduce the topic of the text.
5. What probably decides on the pigs’ roles in pig conflict
A. Their ages. B. Their weight.
C. Their safety needs. D. Their cognitive abilities.
6. Why did Ivan Norscia and his colleagues conduct the study
A. To comprehend the role of bystanders in conflict resolution.
B. To figure out the relationship between pigs.
C. To record the details of 216 pig conflicts.
D. To find out the reason for pigs’ conflicts.
7. How will the bystander interact with the victim after a fight
A. By shaking it. B. By touching its nose.
C. By scratching its back. D. By offering comfort to it.
C
Zwingmann teaches online courses on AI and helps clients make use of artificial intelligence. Lately, he has been generating lecture notes using ChatGPT. “I went up and said, ‘OK, tell me a detailed step by step of how the DBSCAN algorithm works,’ and it gave me that step by step,” Zwingmann said.
The AI chatbot ChatGPT Zwingmann uses has taken the internet by storm. It allows users to input questions that ask the conversational assistant to create a series of writing tasks. Although the chatbot is still in its infancy, ChatGPT has the potential to be a game-changer for the whole world.
The GPT stands for “Generative Pre-trained Transformer”, providing detailed answers to users’ questions. The dialogue format makes it possible for ChatGPT to answer follow up questions, challenge incorrect statements and reject inappropriate requests.
If you have a passion for writing but aren’t sure how to add a touch of elegance to your words, ChatGPT can help! If you want to create your personal web page but know little about HTML code, ChatGPT can generate the code for you! Even if you are an experienced developer, ChatGPT can help you analyze the code and provide a detailed explanation of the error along with suggestions for how to fix it.
Despite looking very impressive, ChatGPT still has limitations. Such limitations include the inability to answer questions that are worded in a specific way and the lack of quality in the responses it delivers, which sometimes seem to be reasonable but make no practical sense. With its widespread use, there is growing concern about how the tool might be used to help students create essays for class assignments.
So how good is it at producing literary works in the style of a news article And how does its writing live up to the likes of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, or a film producer like Ben Affleck Judge for yourself.
8. What’s the function of paragraph 1
A. To promote an online course teacher. B. To explain how lecture notes are made.
C. To offer background information about AI. D. To introduce an AI chatbot with an example.
9. What can we learn about ChatGPT in paragraphs 3 & 4
A. It gives the user an answer of good quality. B. It makes up a dialogue with questions input.
C. It aids code developers in recognizing errors. D. It functions by collecting complex questions.
10. What is the author’s attitude to the AI chatbot
A Cautious. B. Favorable. C. Negative. D. Concerned.
11. What’s the article about
A. The limitations of ChatGPT. B. The application of ChatGPT.
C. The importance of ChatGPT. D. The development of ChatGPT.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Chinese culture values family bonds （纽带）very much. Family members don't just gather during the holidays. In fact, they often live under one roof all year round.
____12____Family in the East and West are very different from each other.
In most East Asian cultures, extended families（大家庭）are common. ____13____According to a survey, 90 percent of children in Shanghai and 70 percent of children in Beijing were cared for by their grandparents. Chinese people believe that “ a grandparent is a treasure to their family”.
In many Western countries, most families are nuclear families （小家庭）.These are made up of children and their parents.
Besides, the duties parents have toward their children can also be different.
___14___It's normal for parents to pay for their children's college, help them find a job, or buy them an apartment. Chinese adults also consider their parents' opinions when making major life decisions.
In most Western countries, however, kids usually move out of the house after they turn eighteen. ___15___If they choose to keep living with their parents after becoming an adult, it can be seen as a failure on their part.
While the East cares more about close family bonds, the West values privacy （隐私）and independence. ___16___Families will always be a source of love, warmth, and care for people around the world.
A. But in the end, east or west——home is best.
B. But different cultures have different family values.
C. Nuclear families are the most common type in China.
D. Both Easterners and Westerners value quality family time.
E. These families have three or even four generations living together.
F. In China, many parents look after their children all the way into adulthood.
G Many young people need to take out loans and work part - time jobs to pay for college.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15 小题： 每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This is the story of Moyo, a rescued elephant in Zimbabwe Elephant Nursery, a local non-governmental organization called Wild Is Life. She is probably one of the ___17___ elephant cubs ever to be rescued. She came to the nursery when she was about three to four ___18___ old. She weighed 56 kilos, and ___19___ a just-born African elephant cub weighs about 90 kilos. So she was a special iconic little elephant. Under good care of the staff there, she managed to ___20___.
Every year hundreds of young elephants are orphaned across the African continent and rarely have a chance of ___21___ in the wild and are more often than not, left to die. “We rescue babies, and we provide ___22___ for them. We make sure they are in good ___23___ here, and help them regain their ___24___ needed in the wild. We are trying to create a culture where people ___25___,” said, Roxy Danckwerts, the founder of Wild Is Life.
Moyo is about four and a half years old pow. She is healthy, playful, and has become some kind of ambassador to the nursery. Therefore, she has to take on a lot of ____26____ for such a young animal almost becoming a leader at the very young age. She is gentle, calm, and very ____27____ to the other elephants that come into the nursery. She is also very good with people.
But unfortunately, they’re not much more than objects of money in the eyes of ivory (象牙) dealers. Zimbabwe has a ____28____ elephant-hunting problem. Some regions are ____29____ as much as 75 Percent of the elephant population over the past 10 years. That is why Danckwerts feels excited at China’s decision to ____30____ illegal ivory sales, which he believes has become a major turning point and a signal to the world that China has made a ____31____.
17. A. cleverest B. worst C. eagerest D. smallest
18. A. days B. months C. weeks D. years
19. A. normally B. officially C. strictly D. unusually
20. A. set out B. jump up C. get away D. pull through
21. A. escape B. survival C. freedom D. extinction
22. A. shelter B. service C. advice D. wealth
23. A. eyes B. legs C. arms D. hands
24. A. habitats B. partners C. skills D. parents
25. A. tour B. care C. wander D. study
26. A. risk B. responsibility C. work D. discussion
27. A. friendly B. well-known C. superior D. strange
28. A. simple B. serious C. tiny D. random
29. A. gaining B. supporting C. losing D. controlling
30. A. allow B. promote C. reduce D. ban
31. A. mistake B. deal C. living D. move
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题部分（共55分）
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qixi, ___32___ (fall) on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, is widely regarded as China’s Valentine’s Day. But do you know the origin of the festival
Legend has it ___33___ the Weaver Girl met and fell in love with a cowherd. The Jade Emperor strongly objected ___34___ the couple’s union and forcibly separated them by the Milky Way leaving them ___35___ (tear) apart by the galaxy and only allowing them to meet once a year. ___36___ the distance could not stop their love for one another and they looked forward to meeting once a year on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month.
However, with the development of high speed railways, the tragedy of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl could not happen in modern China. A ride between Beijing and Shanghai on the high-speed rail only ___37___ (take) four hours. The convenience and ___38___ (efficient) of modern travel have shortened the “galactic distance” between couples.
On Qixi, more and more young people are going on dates and exchanging gifts to express their affection. Long queues are also often formed at the gate of the Civil Affairs Bureau (局，科) ___39___ couples rush to register for marriage when love is in the air. This is because Qixi carries ___40___ (it) a symbolic meaning: choose your own love and remain ____41____ (faith) to life.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分50分）
第一节：单词填空（共10句：每句1分，满分10分）
根据首字母或者汉语提示，完成单词拼写。
42. Judy had her car parked in an underground car park, where she could get her car battery c ________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
43. The superstar left the hotel s__________by crowds of journalists. (根据首字母单词拼写)
44. It is i__________ to drive a car without a driver’s license. (根据首字母单词拼写)
45. The school has decided to adopt different a________ to discipline. (根据首字母单词拼写)
46. There is convincing e________ of a link between balanced diets with good health. （根据首字母单词拼写）
47. The actors ______ (鼓舞) the kids with their enthusiasm.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
48. His name is ______ (熟悉的) to all of us. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
49. It was so _____ (尴尬的) when the children started laughing in the middle of the service. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50 He is expected to _______ (宣布) his retirement later today.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
51. People used to build strong walls round their towns as a ______ (防御) against enemies. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
第二节：句子翻译（共5句；每句3分，满分15分）
按给出的中文意思，用括号内所给的英语，翻译下列句子。
52. 对我们来说，在网络上和朋友们聊天很方便。（convenient, chat, It is adj. for sb to do...)（汉译英）
_____________________________________________________________________________________
53. 被他的学生们环绕，这个老师感到很快乐。(过去分词作状语)(汉译英)
54. 因为有很多朋友帮助他，他度过了艰难时期。(with+宾语+doing)(汉译英)
55. 在贫困地区，一些孩子没有机会上网。(access) (汉译英)
56. 只有当我们经历了艰辛之后，我们才能真正理解幸福的意义。(only+从句的倒装句) (汉译英)
第三节：应用文写作（满分25分）
57. 近期你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以My Favorite Chinese Festival为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 节日介绍；
2. 喜欢理由。
注意: 1. 词数80左右；
2. 题目和首句已给出，不计入总词数。
My Favorite Chinese Festival
Good morning, everyone,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023学年第二学期
茅盾中学第一次考试高一英语试卷
考生须知：
1.全卷分试题卷、答题卡和答题纸共三部分，满分 150分，考试时间为120分钟。
2.本卷答案必须做在答题卡和答题纸的相应位置上，做在试题卷上无效。
3.本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷选择题部分（共95分）
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is probably Sue now
A. At home. B. At Bill's home. C. At the office.
2. What does the woman want to do
A. Quit smoking. B. Change a seat. C. Buy a cake.
3. What did the man do last weekend
A. He took a trip. B. He watched a game. C. He played basketball.
4. What does the man need now
A. Ice cream. B. Milk. C. Water.
5. Where does the woman want to go
A. The bus station. B. The train station. C. The police station.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does Jack have to do at 10:00 am
A. Attend a lecture. B. Catch a bus. C. Repair his bike.
7. How does the boy usually go to school
A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Whom is the party for
A. Lisa. B. Jane. C. Ted.
9. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Play some games. B. Bring Jane along. C. Watch a video.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the woman think of the bedroom
A. Bright. B. New. C. Small.
11. What does the woman like best
A. The kitchen. B. The view. C. The living room.
12. What will the speakers do most probably
A. Have the shower repaired. B. Buy some furniture. C. Keep searching.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the possible relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Colleagues.
14. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In the classroom. B. Over the phone. C. At the woman's home.
15. Why does Tom feel stressed out
A. He can't speak English well.
B. He has known the exam result.
C. He didn't do well in the English exam.
16. What is the woman's suggestion
A. Correcting the mistakes now.
B. Paying more attention next time.
C. Communicating with parents.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many foreign students are visiting in the speaker's school now
A. About 13. B. About 20. C. Over 30.
18. Why does the school organize the music week
A. To attract more foreign students.
B. To exchange ideas about culture.
C. To help foreign students enjoy their time.
19. When should students sign up for the activities
A. Before September 15th.
B. In the last week of September.
C. In the first week of December.
20. Where will the music week be held
A. In the library. B. In the garden. C. On the playground.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共11小题：每小题2.5分，满分27.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Music and art festivals are fun and exciting events. If you're panning to go to a festival, it's important to plan your trip carefully to ensure that you re safe and have a good time.
■Bring clothes to keep warm or cool
In addition to your fun festival clothing, pack a raincoat, some light tank tops, and a sweater or sweatshirt. Don't forget longer pants for cool evenings or bad weather. In general, it's best to leave your umbrella at home because they can be dangerous in large crowds.
■Get a cheap tent and sleeping bag for multi - day festivals
A majority of people end up throwing their tent away after long festivals, since they normally break from the use. Pick up a less expensive tent with enough room for you and your friends and pack a comfortable seeping bag for yourself, 1f you don't want to camp at the festival, remember to book an AirBnb or a hotel room nearby!
■Place a first aid kit in a proper place
Before the festival, buy a small first aid kit with band aids, and any medication that you need to take, in case you get minor injuries or a headache. Keep it in a proper place that's easily accessible, like your tent or car.
1. Why should umbrellas be left at home
A. They take up too much space. B. The weather will be terrible.
C. They might hurt someone. D. Travelers prefer raincoats,
2. What do most people do with tents after festivals
A. Sell them. B. Return them. C. Pack them up. D. Throw them away.
3. What is suggested about the first aid kit
A. It should be put at hand. B. It ought to be big enough.
C. It must contain all medicines. D. It has to be placed in the car.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。音乐和艺术节是有趣和令人兴奋的活动。文章主要就去参加节日活动，提出了一些建议，以确保你的安全并且玩得开心。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中In general, it's best to leave your umbrella at home because they can be dangerous in large crowds.可知一般来说，最好把雨伞放在家里，因为在人多的时候雨伞很危险。由此可知，把雨伞留在家里，因为雨伞可能会伤害到别人。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中A majority of people end up throwing their tent away after long festivals, since they normally break from the use.可知大多数人会在漫长的节日后扔掉他们的帐篷，因为他们通常会中断使用。由此可知，大多数人在节日过后，会把帐篷扔掉。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段Before the festival, buy a small first aid kit with band aids, and any medication that you need to take, in case you get minor injuries or a headache. Keep it in a proper place that's easily accessible, like your tent or car.可知节日前，买一个带创可贴的小急救箱。你需要带上的任何药物，以防你会受到轻伤或头痛。把它放在容易拿到的地方，比如你的帐篷或车里。由此可知，急救箱应该放在手边，容易拿到的地方。故选A。
B
“I like pigs,” Winston Churchill supposedly once said. “Dogs look up at us, cats look down on us, but pigs treat us as equals.” Whether Churchill’s contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear. But he, too, surely saw something in them that was lacking in other domestic beasts, for it was they who ended up running the show in novel Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent social creatures.
And, like all animals, they sometimes fight. A study just published in Animal Cognition by Ivan Norscia, a biological anthropologist at the University of Turin, in Italy, and his colleagues, looked at how a group of 104 domestic pigs went about resolving such incidents. In total, Dr. Norscia and his team studied the details of 216 pig conflicts over the course of six months.
Some pigs tend to be attackers; others tend to be victims. Who is what depends largely on weight, for, among pigs pounds mean power. The attacker might bite, kick, bump or lift the victim (or string together a sequence of those actions). Most conflicts ended in seconds, but some lasted a minute or two.
In most animal species that would be that. However, many of the pig conflicts Dr. Norscia observed had interested parties beyond the protagonists (主角). He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in resolving fights —and what this says about pigs’ cognitive (认知) abilities.
Since there was usually not enough time for a bystander pig to intervene during the heat of a conflict (though this did occur), he and his colleagues looked at what happened in the three minutes directly following an aggressive interaction. Sometimes, they found, the protagonists made up on their own —for instance, by touching noses.
On other occasions, though, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander acted as a peacemaker, engaging with the attacker and reducing the number of subsequent attacks compared with what might otherwise have been expected. Sometimes, by contrast, the bystander engaged with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior such as shaking and scratching.
4. Why does the author mention Winston Churchill in the first paragraph
A. To prove pigs are clever. B. To show pigs are inspirational.
C. To state Churchill loves pigs. D. To introduce the topic of the text.
5. What probably decides on the pigs’ roles in pig conflict
A Their ages. B. Their weight.
C. Their safety needs. D. Their cognitive abilities.
6. Why did Ivan Norscia and his colleagues conduct the study
A. To comprehend the role of bystanders in conflict resolution.
B. To figure out the relationship between pigs.
C. To record the details of 216 pig conflicts.
D. To find out the reason for pigs’ conflicts.
7. How will the bystander interact with the victim after a fight
A. By shaking it. B. By touching its nose.
C. By scratching its back. D. By offering comfort to it.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了猪打架后如何和解，这证实了猪是非常聪明的。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段““I like pigs,” Winston Churchill supposedly once said. “Dogs look up at us, cats look down on us, but pigs treat us as equals.” Whether Churchill’s contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear. But he, too, surely saw something in them that was lacking in other domestic beasts, for it was they who ended up running the show in novel Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent social creatures. ”（据说温斯顿 丘吉尔曾说过：“我喜欢猪。”“狗仰视我们，猫俯视我们，但猪对我们一视同仁。”与丘吉尔同时代的乔治·奥威尔(George Orwell)是否也喜欢猪就不那么清楚了。但他也肯定在它们身上看到了其他家养动物所缺乏的东西，因为在小说《动物庄园》中，最终是它们在表演。因此，猪是一种聪明的群居动物。）可推知，作者在第一段提到温斯顿 丘吉尔是为了引出本文要探讨的话题。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Who is what depends largely on weight, for, among pigs pounds mean power.”（谁是什么主要取决于体重，因为对猪来说，体重意味着力量。）可知，它们的体重决定了猪在猪冲突中的角色。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in resolving fights —and what this says about pigs’ cognitive abilities.”（因此，他想了解这些旁观者在解决争斗中的作用，以及这对猪的认知能力有何影响。）可知，Ivan Norscia和他的同事进行这项研究是因为想理解旁观者在解决冲突中的作用。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断有。根据最后一段“On other occasions, though, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander acted as a peacemaker, engaging with the attacker and reducing the number of subsequent attacks compared with what might otherwise have been expected. Sometimes, by contrast, the bystander engaged with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior such as shaking and scratching.”（然而，在其他场合，第三只猪介入了。有时，这个旁观者扮演和事佬的角色，与攻击者接触，减少随后的攻击次数，否则可能会发生。相比之下，有时旁观者会与受害者互动。这似乎使受害者平静下来，因为它减少了与焦虑相关的行为，如摇晃和抓挠。）可推知，在一场打斗之后，旁观者通过安慰来与受害者互动。故选D项。
C
Zwingmann teaches online courses on AI and helps clients make use of artificial intelligence. Lately, he has been generating lecture notes using ChatGPT. “I went up and said, ‘OK, tell me a detailed step by step of how the DBSCAN algorithm works,’ and it gave me that step by step,” Zwingmann said.
The AI chatbot ChatGPT Zwingmann uses has taken the internet by storm. It allows users to input questions that ask the conversational assistant to create a series of writing tasks. Although the chatbot is still in its infancy, ChatGPT has the potential to be a game-changer for the whole world.
The GPT stands for “Generative Pre-trained Transformer”, providing detailed answers to users’ questions. The dialogue format makes it possible for ChatGPT to answer follow up questions, challenge incorrect statements and reject inappropriate requests.
If you have a passion for writing but aren’t sure how to add a touch of elegance to your words, ChatGPT can help! If you want to create your personal web page but know little about HTML code, ChatGPT can generate the code for you! Even if you are an experienced developer, ChatGPT can help you analyze the code and provide a detailed explanation of the error along with suggestions for how to fix it.
Despite looking very impressive, ChatGPT still has limitations. Such limitations include the inability to answer questions that are worded in a specific way and the lack of quality in the responses it delivers, which sometimes seem to be reasonable but make no practical sense. With its widespread use, there is growing concern about how the tool might be used to help students create essays for class assignments.
So how good is it at producing literary works in the style of a news article And how does its writing live up to the likes of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, or a film producer like Ben Affleck Judge for yourself.
8. What’s the function of paragraph 1
A. To promote an online course teacher. B. To explain how lecture notes are made.
C. To offer background information about AI. D. To introduce an AI chatbot with an example.
9. What can we learn about ChatGPT in paragraphs 3 & 4
A. It gives the user an answer of good quality. B. It makes up a dialogue with questions input.
C. It aids code developers in recognizing errors. D. It functions by collecting complex questions.
10. What is the author’s attitude to the AI chatbot
A. Cautious. B. Favorable. C. Negative. D. Concerned.
11. What’s the article about
A. The limitations of ChatGPT. B. The application of ChatGPT.
C. The importance of ChatGPT. D. The development of ChatGPT.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT在互联网上掀起了一场风暴。它允许用户输入问题，让会话助手创建一系列的写作任务。虽然聊天机器人仍处于起步阶段，但ChatGPT有潜力改变整个世界的游戏规则。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Zwingmann teaches online courses on Al and helps clients make use of artificial intelligence. Lately, he has been generating lecture notes using ChatGPT.“I went up and said, ‘OK, tell me a detailed step by step of how the DBSCAN algorithm works,’ and it gave me that step by step,” Zwingmann said.(Zwingmann教授关于人工智能的在线课程，并帮助客户利用人工智能。最近，他一直在用ChatGPT生成课堂笔记。”我走过去说，‘好吧，告诉我DBSCAN算法如何工作的详细步骤，’它一步一步地告诉了我，”Zwingmann说)”可推知，第一段的作用是用一个例子介绍一个人工智能聊天机器人。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Even if you are an experienced developer, ChatGPT can help you analyze the code and provide a detailed explanation of the error along with suggestions for how to fix it.(即使您是一名经验丰富的开发人员，ChatGPT也可以帮助您分析代码，并提供错误的详细解释以及如何修复错误的建议)”可知，ChatGPT帮助代码开发人员识别错误。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“If you have a passion for writing but aren’t sure how to add a touch of elegance to your words, ChatGPT can help! If you want to create your personal web page but know little about HTML code, ChatGPT can generate the code for you! Even if you are an experienced developer, ChatGPT can help you analyze the code and provide a detailed explanation of the error along with suggestions for how to fix it.(如果你对写作充满热情，但不知道如何为你的文字增添优雅，ChatGPT可以帮助你！如果你想创建自己的个人网页，但对HTML代码知之甚少，ChatGPT可以为你生成代码！即使您是一名经验丰富的开发人员，ChatGPT也可以帮助您分析代码，并提供错误的详细解释以及如何修复错误的建议)”以及倒数第二段“Despite looking very impressive, ChatGPT still has limitations.(尽管看起来令人印象深刻，ChatGPT仍然有局限性)”可知，文章说明了其优点和局限性，即可推知，作者对人工智能聊天机器人的态度是谨慎的。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The AI chatbot ChatGPT Zwingmann uses has taken the internet by storm. It allows users to input questions that ask the conversational assistant to create a series of writing tasks. Although the chatbot is still in its infancy, ChatGPT has the potential to be a game-changer for the whole world.(茨温格曼使用的聊天机器人ChatGPT在互联网上掀起了一场风暴。它允许用户输入问题，让会话助手创建一系列的写作任务。虽然聊天机器人仍处于起步阶段，但ChatGPT有潜力改变整个世界的游戏规则)”结合文章主要介绍了人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT在互联网上掀起了一场风暴。它允许用户输入问题，让会话助手创建一系列的写作任务。虽然聊天机器人仍处于起步阶段，但ChatGPT有潜力改变整个世界的游戏规则。可知，这篇文章是关于ChatGPT的应用。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Chinese culture values family bonds （纽带）very much. Family members don't just gather during the holidays. In fact, they often live under one roof all year round.
____12____Family in the East and West are very different from each other.
In most East Asian cultures extended families（大家庭）are common. ____13____According to a survey, 90 percent of children in Shanghai and 70 percent of children in Beijing were cared for by their grandparents. Chinese people believe that “ a grandparent is a treasure to their family”.
In many Western countries, most families are nuclear families （小家庭）.These are made up of children and their parents.
Besides, the duties parents have toward their children can also be different.
___14___It's normal for parents to pay for their children's college, help them find a job, or buy them an apartment. Chinese adults also consider their parents' opinions when making major life decisions.
In most Western countries, however, kids usually move out of the house after they turn eighteen. ___15___If they choose to keep living with their parents after becoming an adult, it can be seen as a failure on their part.
While the East cares more about close family bonds, the West values privacy （隐私）and independence. ___16___Families will always be a source of love, warmth, and care for people around the world.
A. But in the end, east or west——home is best.
B. But different cultures have different family values.
C. Nuclear families are the most common type in China.
D. Both Easterners and Westerners value quality family time.
E These families have three or even four generations living together.
F. In China, many parents look after their children all the way into adulthood.
G. Many young people need to take out loans and work part - time jobs to pay for college.
【答案】12. B 13. E 14. F 15. G 16. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了东西方的家庭差异很大。中国文化非常重视家庭的纽带作用，而西方则重视隐私和独立性。但是不论是东方或西方，家永远都是最好的东方。
【12题详解】
根据下文“Families in the East and West are very different from each other.（东西方的家庭差异很大）”可知空格处是讲不同的文化具有不同的家庭价值观。选项B中different cultures have different family values（不同的文化具有不同的家庭价值观）承接下文中的“Families in the East and West are very different”。故选B。
【13题详解】
根据上文“In most East Asian cultures, extended families（大家庭）are common.（在大多数东亚文化中，大家庭很普遍。）”可知几世同堂的现象在大多数东亚文化中很常见。选项E中“three or even four generations living together.（三到四代人在一起生活）”正好承接上文中的“extended families（大家庭）”。故选E。
【14题详解】
根据下文“It's normal for parents to pay for their children's college, help them find a job, or buy them an apartment.（父母为子女的大学付费，帮助他们找到工作或给他们买房是正常的事情。）”可知空格处放在段首，起到总领全段的作用，主要讲述父母对子女从小到大的照顾。选项F中“many parents look after their children all the way into adulthood.（父母一直照顾孩子都成人。）”正好概括了父母对孩子从小到大的照顾。故选F。
【15题详解】
根据上文“In most Western countries, however, kids usually move out of the house after they turn eighteen.（然而，在大多数西方国家，孩子通常在18岁以后就搬出房子。）”可知空格处承接上文讲述孩子离家后的生活。选项G中“Many young people need to take out loans and work part - time jobs to pay for college.（许多上大学的年轻人经常需要借贷和打零工，以支付学费和房租。）”讲述了西方孩子离家后的生活。故选G。
【16题详解】
根据上文“While the East cares more about close family bonds, the West values privacy （隐私）and independence.（东方更关心亲密的家庭关系，而西方则重视隐私和独立性。）”可知东西方是有不同的；再结合下文“Families will always be a source of love, warmth, and care for people around the world.（对于全世界的人来说，家永远都是爱、温暖和关怀的源泉。）”可知，空格处起的是承上启下的作用。选项A中“But”承接上文，表示语义的转折；“east or west——home is best（家是最好的-不论是东方或西方。）”承接下文“Families will always be a source of love, warmth, and care for people around the world.（对于全世界的人来说，家永远都是爱、温暖和关怀的源泉。）”表示无论东方还是西方，家是最好的地方。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15 小题： 每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This is the story of Moyo, a rescued elephant in Zimbabwe Elephant Nursery, a local non-governmental organization called Wild Is Life. She is probably one of the ___17___ elephant cubs ever to be rescued. She came to the nursery when she was about three to four ___18___ old. She weighed 56 kilos, and ___19___ a just-born African elephant cub weighs about 90 kilos. So she was a special iconic little elephant. Under good care of the staff there, she managed to ___20___.
Every year hundreds of young elephants are orphaned across the African continent and rarely have a chance of ___21___ in the wild and are more often than not, left to die. “We rescue babies, and we provide ___22___ for them. We make sure they are in good ___23___ here, and help them regain their ___24___ needed in the wild. We are trying to create a culture where people ___25___,” said, Roxy Danckwerts, the founder of Wild Is Life.
Moyo is about four and a half years old pow. She is healthy, playful, and has become some kind of ambassador to the nursery. Therefore, she has to take on a lot of ____26____ for such a young animal almost becoming a leader at the very young age. She is gentle, calm, and very ____27____ to the other elephants that come into the nursery. She is also very good with people.
But unfortunately, they’re not much more than objects of money in the eyes of ivory (象牙) dealers. Zimbabwe has a ____28____ elephant-hunting problem. Some regions are ____29____ as much as 75 Percent of the elephant population over the past 10 years. That is why Danckwerts feels excited at China’s decision to ____30____ illegal ivory sales, which he believes has become a major turning point and a signal to the world that China has made a ____31____.
17. A. cleverest B. worst C. eagerest D. smallest
18. A. days B. months C. weeks D. years
19. A. normally B. officially C. strictly D. unusually
20. A. set out B. jump up C. get away D. pull through
21. A. escape B. survival C. freedom D. extinction
22. A. shelter B. service C. advice D. wealth
23. A. eyes B. legs C. arms D. hands
24. A. habitats B. partners C. skills D. parents
25. A. tour B. care C. wander D. study
26. A. risk B. responsibility C. work D. discussion
27. A. friendly B. well-known C. superior D. strange
28. A. simple B. serious C. tiny D. random
29. A. gaining B. supporting C. losing D. controlling
30. A. allow B. promote C. reduce D. ban
31. A. mistake B. deal C. living D. move
【答案】17. D 18. A 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了津巴布韦大象保育中心获救的大象莫约的故事，该保育中心是当地非政府组织，救助并且帮助了一些野生大象。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她可能是迄今为止获救的最小的象崽之一。A. cleverest最聪明的；B. worst最坏的；C. eagerest最热切的；D. smallest最小的。根据下文“She came to the nursery when she was about three to four 2 old. She weighed 56 kilos, and 3 a just-born African elephant cub weighs about 90 kilos.”推知，Moyo是获救的最小的象崽之一。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她来育婴室的时候才三到四天大。A. days天；B. months月；C. weeks周；D. years年。根据后文“She weighed 56 kilos, and 3 a just-born African elephant cub weighs about 90 kilos.”推知，Moyo在被送往救助中心时应是3、4天大。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：它重56公斤，通常，刚出生的非洲象幼崽重约90公斤。A. normally通常；B. officially官方地；C. strictly严格地；D. unusually不寻常地。根据“a just-born African elephant cub weighs about 90 kilos.”并结合常识可知，通常刚出生的小象大约90公斤。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在工作人员的精心照顾下，她终于恢复了健康。A. set down记下；B. jump up突然站起来；C. get away离开；D. pull through恢复健康。根据上文“This is the story of Moyo, a rescued elephant in Zimbabwe Elephant Nursery”和此处“Under good care of the staff there”可知，Moyo经过救助，最终获得了健康。故选D。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：非洲大陆每年都有数百头小象成为孤儿，它们在野外很少有生存的机会，更多的是被遗弃而死。A. escape逃脱；B. survival存活；C. freedom自由；D. extinction灭绝。过呢据下文“more often than not, left to die.”可知，小象在野外生存的机会很小。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们拯救幼崽并且给它们提供庇护。A. shelter庇护；B. service服务；C. advice建议；D. wealth财富。根据上文“This is the story of Moyo, a rescued elephant in Zimbabwe Elephant Nursery, a local non-governmental organization called Wild Is Life.”可知，这是一个动物保护救助组织，该组织在救助了大象幼崽后会给它们提供庇护所。故选A。
23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们确保他们在这里得到很好的照顾，并帮助他们重新获得野外所需的技能。A. eyes眼睛；B. legs腿；C. arms手臂；D. hands手。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语in good hands“照顾的很好”，指员工很好地照顾救助的大象。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们确保他们在这里得到很好的照顾，并帮助他们重新获得野外所需的技能。A. habitats栖息地；B. partners伴侣；C. skills技能；D. parents父母。根据后文“needed in the wild”可知，此处指帮助被救助大象获得在野外生存的技能。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正在努力创造一种人们关心的文化。A. tour旅行；B. care关心；C. wander漫步；D. study学习。根据上文“We rescue babies, and we provide shelter for them. We make sure they are in good hands here”可知，该动物保护组织致力于帮助动物，并且希望能创造一个大家都能关心动物的文化。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，她为很多这么小的动物承担很多责任，几乎在很小的时候就成为了领导者。A. risk风险；B. responsibility责任；C. work工作；D. discussion讨论。根据下文“almost becoming a leader at the very young age.”推知，成为领导者就要承担相应的责任。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她温柔、平静，对进入保育室的其他大象非常友好。A. friendly友好的；B. well-known著名的；C. superior优越的；D. strange强壮的。根据“She is gentle, calm”和后文提到“She is also very good with people.”推知，Moyo对保育室的其他大象非常友好。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：津巴布韦有严重的大象狩猎问题。A. simple简单的；B. serious严重的；C. tiny极小的；D. random随机的。根据上文“But unfortunately, they’re not much more than objects of money in the eyes of ivory dealers.”可知，在津巴布韦被猎杀的大象数量很多，有着非常严重的大象狩猎问题。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去10年里，一些地区的大象数量减少了75%。A. gaining获得；B. supporting支持；C. losing减少；D. controlling控制。根据上文“Zimbabwe has a 12 elephant-hunting problem.”可知，因为严重的大象狩猎问题，一些地区大象的数量减少。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么Danckwerts对中国禁止非法象牙销售的决定感到兴奋，他认为这已成为一个重大转折点，并向世界发出了中国已经采取行动的信号。A. allow允许；B. promote提升；C. reduce减少；D. ban禁止。根据“Danckwerts feels excited”推知，中国禁止非法象牙销售的决定让Danckwerts感到非常兴奋。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么Danckwerts对中国禁止非法象牙销售的决定感到兴奋，他认为这已成为一个重大转折点，并向世界发出了中国已经采取行动的信号。A. mistake错误；B. deal交易；C. living生计；D. move行动。根据上文“That is why Danckwerts feels excited at China’s decision to __14__ illegal ivory sales”推知，中国已经采取行动。此处为固定短语make a move，意为“开始行动”。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题部分（共55分）
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qixi, ___32___ (fall) on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, is widely regarded as China’s Valentine’s Day. But do you know the origin of the festival
Legend has it ___33___ the Weaver Girl met and fell in love with a cowherd. The Jade Emperor strongly objected ___34___ the couple’s union and forcibly separated them by the Milky Way, leaving them ___35___ (tear) apart by the galaxy and only allowing them to meet once a year. ___36___ the distance could not stop their love for one another and they looked forward to meeting once a year on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month.
However, with the development of high speed railways, the tragedy of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl could not happen in modern China. A ride between Beijing and Shanghai on the high-speed rail only ___37___ (take) four hours. The convenience and ___38___ (efficient) of modern travel have shortened the “galactic distance” between couples.
On Qixi, more and more young people are going on dates and exchanging gifts to express their affection. Long queues are also often formed at the gate of the Civil Affairs Bureau (局，科) ___39___ couples rush to register for marriage when love is in the air. This is because Qixi carries ___40___ (it) a symbolic meaning: choose your own love and remain ____41____ (faith) to life.
【答案】32. falling
33. that 34. to
35. torn 36. But##Yet
37. takes 38. efficiency
39. where 40. itself
41. faithful
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“七夕节”的渊源及其发展。
【32题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：七夕，在农历七月初七，被广泛认为是中国的情人节。分析句子结构可知fall与逻辑主语Qixi构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填falling。
【33题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：传说织女遇见了一个牛郎，并爱上了他。legend has it that...是固定句型，意为“传说，相传”，故填that。
【34题详解】
考查介词。句意：玉皇大帝强烈反对这对夫妇的结合，并强行将他们分开在银河系，他们被银河分开，一年只能见一次面。短语：object to sb./sth.“反对某人或某物”，to为介词，故填to。
【35题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，“leaving them 　　4　　(tear) apart by the galaxy and only allowing them to meet once a year”在句中为状语，空处作补语，动词tear与代词them为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词torn，故填torn。
【36题详解】
考查连词。句意：但距离无法阻挡他们对彼此的爱，他们期待着每年农历七月初七见面一次。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but或yet。句首单词首字母要大写。故填But/Yet。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：从北京到上海乘坐高铁只需要4个小时。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为A ride，谓语用三单形式。故填takes。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：现代旅行的便利和高效缩短了夫妻间的“银河距离”。and为并列连词，根据空前“convenience”可知，此处用名词efficiency与其表示并列，表示“效率”为不可数名词，故填efficiency。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：民政局门口也经常排起长队，在那里情侣们争先恐后地登记结婚，空气中弥漫着爱的气息。分析可知，空处及之后的内容为定语从句，先行词为the Civil Affairs Bureau，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：这是因为七夕具有象征意义：选择自己的爱情，忠贞一生。分析可知，空处在句中为同位语，指“七夕”这天，使用反身代词。故填itself。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。remain“保持”为连系动词，所以空处用形容词作表语，故填faithful。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分50分）
第一节：单词填空（共10句：每句1分，满分10分）
根据首字母或者汉语提示，完成单词拼写。
42. Judy had her car parked in an underground car park, where she could get her car battery c ________.（根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】charged##harged
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：朱迪把车停在地下停车场，在那里她可以给汽车电池充电。根据首字母以及“could get her car battery”可知，朱迪在停车场给她汽车充电。所以空处需要动词charge“充电”。分析句子结构可知，空处需要非谓语动词的形式作宾语补足语。该动词charge和宾语car battery之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。故填charged。
43. The superstar left the hotel s__________by crowds of journalists. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】surrounded##urrounded
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位超级巨星离开被成群的记者包围的酒店。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语，根据句意和提示的首字母可知，此处为surround意为“包围”，且surround与hotel之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填surrounded。
44. It is i__________ to drive a car without a driver’s license. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】illegal##llegal
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：没有驾驶执照开车是违法的。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，根据汉语和提示的首字母可知，此处应为illegal意为“非法的”符合句意。故填illegal。
45. The school has decided to adopt different a________ to discipline. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】approaches##pproaches
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：学校已决定采取不同的方法解决纪律问题。空处作adopt的宾语，结合“to discipline”和首字母提示可推知，名词approach“方法”符合题意，且结合“different”可知，approach需用复数形式，表示“采取不同的方法”。故填approaches。
46. There is convincing e________ of a link between balanced diets with good health. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】evidence##vidence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：有令人信服的证据表明均衡饮食与健康之间存在联系。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，空处应用名词evidence，表示“证据”，为不可数名词，在there be句型中作主语。故填evidence。
47. The actors ______ (鼓舞) the kids with their enthusiasm.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】inspired
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：演员们用他们的热情鼓舞了孩子们。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词inspire“鼓舞，激励”，在句中作谓语。本句话描述过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态。故填inspired。
48. His name is ______ (熟悉的) to all of us. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】familiar
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的名字我们大家都很熟悉。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词familiar“熟悉的”，在句中作表语。故填familiar。
49. It was so _____ (尴尬的) when the children started laughing in the middle of the service. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】embarrassing
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：仪式进行到一半，孩子们开始大笑，真是太尴尬了。空处作表语，描述事物的特征，结合“the children started laughing”可知，“尴尬的”应用以-ing结尾的形容词embarrassing，侧重由于丢脸或难堪引起的尴尬。故填embarrassing。
50. He is expected to _______ (宣布) his retirement later today.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】announce
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：预计他将于今天晚些时候宣布退休。根据动词短语be expected to do sth.可知，空处应用动词原形；announce为动词，表示“宣布”，符合句意。故填announce。
51. People used to build strong walls round their towns as a ______ (防御) against enemies. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】defence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人们过去常常在城镇周围建造坚固的城墙来防御敌人。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词defence“防御”，作介词的宾语。故填defence。
第二节：句子翻译（共5句；每句3分，满分15分）
按给出的中文意思，用括号内所给的英语，翻译下列句子。
52. 对我们来说，在网络上和朋友们聊天很方便。（convenient, chat, It is adj. for sb to do...)（汉译英）
_____________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】It is convenient for us to chat with our friends on the Internet.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和固定短语。根据句意可知，本句描述现实状况，用一般现在时。表示“方便”为形容词convenient；表示“聊天”为动词chat；用句型It is adj. for sb to do...表示“对我们来说，在网络上和朋友们聊天很方便。”为it is convenient for us to chat with our friends on the Internet，it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正主语，for +代词宾格表示不定式的逻辑主语，形容词convenient作表语，动词短语chat with sb、介词短语on the Internet是固定搭配。句首字母大写，故翻译为It is convenient for us to chat with our friends on the Internet.
53. 被他的学生们环绕，这个老师感到很快乐。(过去分词作状语)(汉译英)
【答案】Surrounded by his students, the teacher feels joyful/happy/pleased.## Surrounded by his students, the teacher felt joyful/happy/pleased.
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词和时态。“被……环绕”应为固定短语surrounded by，“他的学生们”译为his students，“被他的学生们环绕”为surrounded by his students，过去分词作状语“这个老师”译为the teacher，“感到很快乐”译为feels/felt joyful/happy/pleased，可为一般现在时或一般过去时态，故译为Surrounded by his students, the teacher feels/felt joyful/happy/pleased。
54. 因为有很多朋友帮助他，他度过了艰难时期。(with+宾语+doing)(汉译英)
【答案】With many friends helping him, he went through/has gone through the hard/tough time.
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。用with+宾语+doing，即with复合结构。表示“因为有很多朋友帮助他”为with many friends helping him，动词help和宾语之间是主动关系；根据句意可知，本句可用一般过去时，描述过去发生的事情，或用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，表示“他度过了艰难时期”为he went through/has gone through the hard/tough time，动词短语go through是固定搭配，形容词“艰难的”可用hard或tough，作定语修饰time。句首字母大写，故翻译为With many friends helping him, he went through/has gone through the hard/tough time.
55. 在贫困地区，一些孩子没有机会上网。(access) (汉译英)
【答案】Some children don’t have / have no access to the Internet in poor areas.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。根据句意，该句描述的是贫困地区的现状，所以使用一般现在时态，表示“一些孩子”应为some children作主语，位于句首时，首字母需大写；表示“没有机会上网”应为have no access to the Internet，或者使用否定句，句子主语为复数，所以使用don’t，即为don’t have access to the Internet；表示“在贫困地区”应为in poor area作状语。故翻译为Some children don’t have / have no access to the Internet in poor areas.
56. 只有当我们经历了艰辛之后，我们才能真正理解幸福的意义。(only+从句的倒装句) (汉译英)
【答案】Only when we have experienced hardships can we truly understand the meaning of happiness.
【解析】
【详解】考查部分倒装。“只有当我们经历了艰辛之后”应用when引导时间状语从句，从句主语为we，从句使用现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在有影响，即have experienced，后接宾语“艰辛”，译为hardships，主句主语为we，“能真正理解”译为can truly understand，作主句谓语，后接宾语“幸福的意义”，译为the meaning of happiness，“only+状语从句”置于句首时，句子使用部分倒装结构，将情态动词can提到主语we之前，即Only when we have experienced hardships can we truly understand the meaning of happiness.故翻译为Only when we have experienced hardships can we truly understand the meaning of happiness.
第三节：应用文写作（满分25分）
57. 近期你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以My Favorite Chinese Festival为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 节日介绍；
2. 喜欢理由。
注意: 1. 词数80左右；
2. 题目和首句已给出，不计入总词数。
My Favorite Chinese Festival
Good morning, everyone,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Good morning, everyone,
I'm glad to be here, sharing my favorite Chinese festival with you-the Lantern Festival.
The festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month to celebrate the end of the Spring Festival, when the typical snack yuanxiao will be served, symbolizing the family union. Better yer with eye-catching lanterns and mind-consuming riddles included, the grand lantern fair never fails to impress me. Besides, behind all these things lies the profound Chinese culture which closely ties us Chinese together.
Such is the Lantern Festival!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“My Favorite Chinese Festival”为题写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
象征：symbolize=stand for
引人注目的：eye-catching→attractive
供应：serve→supply
高兴的：glad→delighted
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Besides, behind all these things lies the profound Chinese culture which closely ties us Chinese together.
拓展句：Besides, it is the profound Chinese culture which closely ties us Chinese together that lies behind all these things.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month to celebrate the end of the Spring Festival, when the typical snack yuanxiao will be served, symbolizing the family union. (运用了when引导的非限制性定语从句和现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Besides, behind all these things lies the profound Chinese culture which closely ties us Chinese together. (运用了全部倒装和which引导的定语从句)

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