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高考备考策略之七选五
--Tips for Gaps Filling
目录
考情分析
01-
真题体验
02-
研析考点
03-
04-
CONTENTS
解题策略
考情分析
《考试说明》对该题型命题目的描述为“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”
01
年份 卷别 体裁 话题 设空位置
段首 段中 段尾 小标题
2023 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 自我宽恕 0 4 1 0
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 有关开始艺术之旅的建议 1 3 1 0
全国甲卷 说明文 有关变得耐心的方法 0 3 1 1
全国乙卷 说明文 室内植物 0 3 2 0
考情分析
考情分析
年份 卷别 体裁 话题 设空位置
段首 段中 段尾 小标题
2022 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 一起锻炼的伙伴 0 4 1 0
新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 写文章的技巧 1 4 0 0
全国甲卷 说明文 外出就餐 1 3 1 0
全国乙卷 应用文 维系异地友谊的方法 2 1 1 1
命题特点和趋势
体裁题材 语篇体裁主要以指导性说明文为主，间或考查记叙文和议论文。题材多是贴近考生生活、时代性强的当代社会生活以及文化科技等方面的内容。
语篇特点 语篇趋向于不带标题和段落小标题，但大都结构清晰，基本都是总—分结构。
设空特点 及趋势 根据设空位置，阅读七选五的选项主要有三种情况：段首、段中和段尾。根据设空句在语篇中的功能可分为：主旨概括句、过渡句、注释句。
能力要求 该题型主要考查考生的两大能力：1．把握整篇整体结构和提炼语篇主旨大意的能力；2．把握微观信息之间关联性及逻辑性的能力。
A B C
D E F
1
2
3
4
5
6
jigsaw game
拼图
steps: 1. 拼什么？
2. 从哪里开始拼？
steps: 1. 整体判断---tiger
2. 部位匹配-- head, body, legs, tail
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them．To err(犯错) is human． 36 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this．
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths”． 37 Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don't have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of．
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness”．On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others．It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day ． 38
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list． 39 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through．In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time．
It's something of a cliché(陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes．The thing is, it's true ． 40 We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow．
2023全国新高考I卷
看文章
1. 内容判断-----
说明文， 鼓励人们练习自我宽恕并介绍一个简单的写作练习来增强自信；
2. 结构判断-----
总分；
3. 逻辑推断-----
由 易 --- 难
总起句
分 论 点
02-真题体验
A．A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way．
B．Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself．
C．They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise．
D．It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness．
E．It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it．
F．Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down．
G．Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality．
看选项
2. 注意代词（一般为中间句或最后一句的选项）；
1. 注意动词原形开头的句子（一般为标题项或主题句）；
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them．To err(犯错) is human． 36 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this．
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths”． 37 Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don't have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of．
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness”．On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others．It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day ． 38
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list． 39 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through．In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time．
It's something of a cliché(陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes．The thing is, it's true ． 40 We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow．
2023全国新高考I卷
A．A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way．
B．Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself．
C．They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise．
D．It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness．
E．It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it．
F．Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down．
G．Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality．
G
D
B
F
C
句间总分关系
语义相近
总结概括
指代一致
原词复现
解题步骤
看文章
看选项
1. 内容判断-----定主题；
2. 结构判断-----定框架；
3. 逻辑推断-----定顺序：由 易 --- 难；
1. 注意动词原形开头的句子（一般为标题项）；
2. 注意代词（一般为中间句或最后一句的选项）；
考点1
段首题
在文章某段落的段首设空的题目常为该段的主题句或主旨概括句，特点为“简短精悍，以祈使句为主”。
考查段落主旨句
为过渡句或承上启下句，此种类型主要考查考生对语篇或段落大意的整体概括能力。
上下文的逻辑关系
认真阅读并把握段落的主要内容，尤其是设空处后面几句的内容，以确定关键信息；定位关键词，确定答案；一般来说，答案选项与设空处后面一句在内容上是连贯的，意义是紧密衔接的。
技法点拨
03
研析考点
主旨句
（2023新高考全国II卷）
39 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback ( 反馈） is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and， in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
B. Make career plans and set goals .
C. Don't throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
D
考点2
段中题
先看空前句，再看空后句，标记关键词；阅读各个选项，标记关键词。
承接上文
利用词语复现（同源词、同义、近义或反义词复现）比较匹配词，确定答案。
引起下文
利用表示顺承、并列、递进、转折、对比、解释例证、因果关系的关联词分析前后内容的连贯性和逻辑性，确定答案。
承上启下
03
研析考点
(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 38 Yet, by earning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled （弄皱)paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle-as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don't leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
E
some, others, still others; first, second, third…; firstly, secondly, thirdly…; for one thing, for another; on the one hand, on the other hand; ...
also; as well; furthermore; moreover; too; what’ s more; not only…but also; …
in addition;
并列关系
递进关系
常用逻辑衔接词（linking words）
例证关系
however; but; instead; nevertheless; though/ although/ while; yet; in contrast; on the contrary; in comparison; …
because; since; so; therefore; thus; hence; consequently; as a result; accordingly;
so/ such...that…
转折关系
for example; for instance; such as; like; ...
因果关系
常用逻辑衔接词（linking words）
考点3
段尾题
利用主题句或总结句确定答案，如：therefore, as a result, thus,hence,in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word.
结论性语句
利用补充信息句确定答案，选择补充性的语句。
概括性语句
看所选答案是否是引出下一段的内容；考虑与下一段是否有一定的衔接。
段落间的过渡句
03
研析考点
(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)
Paint often and paint from life. There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 37
E. You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
G
解题技巧
宏观上把握篇章内容结构
微观上把握句子细节
段首：小标题，主题句，
段尾：总结概括句，承上启下
段中：过渡句、解释句、承上启下
句间逻辑：转折、因果、递进、并列等关系
句间词汇： 代词线索（前后一致）
词语复现/同现
同义、反义、同畴
七选五解题策略:
04
Homework
1. 完成学案上的练习
2.巩固所学的技巧
简单题稳拿分
中等题不丢分
难题努力得分
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