资源简介

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Unit
6 When was it invented
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知识重难点
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1．掌握一般过去时的被动语态
2．掌握谈论重要发明物的句型。A.When was the telephone invented
B.It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.
3．能听懂谈论“发明物”的对话和短文，能读懂有关各种发明物的发展史的短文，并能简单介绍某一项发明。
重点短语：
the style of... ......的样式
such a great invention 如此了不起的一项发明
be used for 被用于......
by accident 偶然
think of/about 想/考虑
fall into 落入/陷入
in our daily life 在我们的日常生活中
some time 一段时间
less than 少于
take place 发生
in the 19th century 在19世纪
the popularity of ... ......的普及
without doubt 毫无疑问
at a low price 以低价
Translate...into... 把......翻译成......
all of a sudden 突然
by mistake 错误地
in the end 最后
more than 超过
divide...into... 把......分成......
at the same time 同时
stop...from doing 阻止......做......
dream of/about 梦想；向往
not only...but also..不但......而且.......
the number of ......的数量
more and more 越来越......
look up to 钦佩；仰慕
achieve one’s dreams 实现某人的梦想
take notes 做笔记
lead to 导致
用法集萃：
It is said that... 据说......
It is believed that... 人们认为......
ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不要）做某事
teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事
need to do sth. 需要做某事
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
be used to do sth. 被用于做某事
Section A
style，名词，意思“样式，风格”，the style of“......的样式/风格”。
例句：
The style of the coat is not suitable for me. 那件大衣的风格不适合我。
That’s not my style. 那不是我的风格。
拓展：
in style，意思“流行的”，out of style，意思“过时的”a life style，意思“生活方式”
练习：
①我不喜欢那部电影的风格。____________________________________________
②这部小说很流行。/这部小说过时了。_____________________________________________________________________
with，介词，意思“有；带有；具有”。表示某物带有或具有某种特征。
例句：
I like the phone with pink. 我喜欢那部粉红色的手机。
There is a book with a white cover. 这里有一本白色封面的书。
拓展：
with，意思“和......一起”。
I like to talk with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友们一起交谈。
with，意思“用......”。表示用某种工具、手段等。
She cuts the apple with knife.
with，意思“关于，对于”
Are you satisfied with the final scores？ 你对这最后的分数满意吗？
练习：
他喜欢和他的数学老师打篮球。__________________________________________
Can you... ，意思“你能......吗？”后接动词原形，肯定回答是“Sure, I’d love/like to.”或“With pleasure”否定回答“Sorry，I can’t ...”。
例句：
--Can you help me with my English 你能帮我学英语吗？
--Sure, I’d love to./Sorry, I can’t. I have many things to do . 当然，我很乐意。/抱歉，我不能，我有很多事要做。
My pleasure，意思“不客气”常作对谢谢的回答。
例句：
--Thanks for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。
--My pleasure. 不客气。
拓展：
with pleasure，意思“非常愿意”。常用于乐于接受某事。
--Could you help me with my politics 你能帮我学政治吗？
--With pleasure. 非常愿意。
练习：
你能帮我打扫房子吗？____________________________________________
such（a/an)+形容词+名词，意思“如此......的（一个）......”。
例句：
It is such an big apple. 它是如此大的一个苹果。
There are such cheap books in the bookstore. 这个书店里有如此便宜的书。
拓展：
so+形容词/副词+a/an+名词，意思“如此......的一个......”。
It is so big an apple. 它是如此大的一个苹果。
练习：
①这是如此大的一只大象。____________________________________________
②那是如此可爱的一只猴子。____________________________________________
mention，意思“提到；说到”。后可接名词、代词、动词-ing。
例句：
He didn’t mention his name in the letter. 他在信中没有提到他的名字。
Nobody mentioned helping him. 没有提到要帮助他。
拓展：
Don’t mention it. 意思“不客气；不用谢”。常用作对他人致谢时的答语。
--Thanks a lot. 多谢。
--Don’t mention it. 不客气。
练习：
有人提到要去西安。____________________________________________
by accident，意思“偶然地”
例句：
I met her by accident in the library. 我偶然地在图书馆遇见了她。
ago，副词，意思“以前”。“时间段+ago”表示的时间以“现在”为基准，意思“若干时间以前”。通常与过去时连用。
例句：
It happened two days ago. 这件事发生在两天以前。
I met him a few minutes. 我在几分钟以前碰见了他。
练习：
①我偶然地在街上遇见了他。____________________________________________
②我在两小时以前在学英语。____________________________________________
It is said that...，意思“据说......；有人说......”
It is said that wisdom is born with a man. 有人说智慧是与生俱来。
It is said that they have won the game. 据说他们已赢得那场比赛。
练习：
①据说他擅长弹钢琴。
fall into，意思“落入；陷入”。
例句：
He fell into the lake suddenly. 他突然掉进了河里。
练习：
他陷入了危险之中。____________________________________________
辨析some time,sometimes,some times和sometime
some time，意思“一段时间”，用how long提问。
She needs some time to keep calm. 她需要一段时间冷静。
sometimes，意思“有时”，表示动作发生的频率，多与一般现在时连用。
We sometimes go out for dinner. 我们有时出去吃饭。
some times，意思“几次”用how many times提问。
He has been to Hainan some times. 他去过海南几次了。
sometime，意思“某时”，表示某个不确切的的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，用when提问。
My father will go to Beijing sometime next month. 我爸爸下个月某个时间要去北京。
练习：
①他们有时去参加会议。_______________________________________________
②我需要一段时间来完成这工作。_______________________________________
one of后接复数名词，意思“......之一”。作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
例句：
One of us likes English. 我们当中的一个喜欢英语。
One of these apples is good. 这些苹果中的一个是好的。
拓展：
“one of +the+形容词最高级+名词复数”，意思“最......之一”。
He is one of the tallest students in our class. 他是我们班上最高的学生之一。
She is one of the most beautiful girls in our school. 她是我们学校最漂亮的女孩之一。
练习：
①我们的英语老师是最漂亮的老师之一。
____________________________________________________________________
②他们其中的一个喜欢弹吉他。
____________________________________________________________________
It is believed that...，意思“人们认为......”。
例句：
It is believed that she can be successful in the future. 人们认为她将来会成功的。
It is believed that Xi Jinping will be a good chairman. 人们认为习近平会是一个好主席。
练习：
人们认为学英语很难。____________________________________________
less than，意思“少于”。
例句：
She slept less than six hours last night. 她昨晚的睡眠时间不到6个小时。
He has books less than mine. 他的书比我的书少。
拓展：
more than，意思“多于”。
练习：
①It’s _________ half an hour’s drive from here. 开车到那里不到半个钟头。
②I have known David for _________20 years.我认识戴维已经20多年了。
辨析take place和happen
take place，意思“发生；举行”，常指有计划、有安排地发生。
例句：
The winter sports meeting will take place on Monday. 冬季运动会将于下周一举行。
Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past five years. 在过去5年里我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
happen，意思“发生；碰巧”。常指偶然性发生、突然发生。
例句：
You’re not going to believe what happened just now 你绝不会相信刚刚发生了什么？
How did the traffic accident happen 车祸是怎么发生的？
I happened to meet my English teacher on the street yesterday.
练习：
①我碰巧在电影院遇见了他。____________________________________________
②运动会在下个月举行。____________________________________________
in the 19th century，意思“在19世纪”。
例句：
I think that pop songs are popular around the world in the 19th century.
我认为说唱歌曲是在19世纪在全世界流行起来的。
注意：
“在某世纪”介词要用in
而且数词要用序数词，并且要在序数词前加the
“某世纪某年代”要加the，the1760s，意思“18世纪60年代”，读the seventeen sixties。
练习：
他生活在18世纪90年代。____________________________________________
all of a sudden，意思“突然；猛地”，可放在句首、句末。
例句：
All of a sudden, all lights went out. 突然，所有的灯都灭了。
The baby started crying all of a sudden. 突然那个婴儿开始哭了起来。
练习：
突然，天开始下雨了。____________________________________________
18.without doubt，意思“毫无疑问的；的确”。这里的doubt是名词，意思“疑问；疑惑”。
例句：
He is without doubt the best student in the class. 他的确是班上最好的学生。
A doubt came to my mind. 我脑海中出现了疑问。
拓展：
doubt还可作动词，意思“怀疑”。后可接名词、代词、if/whether\that从句。
例句：
I doubt whether he will come. 我怀疑他会不会来。
练习：
①他毫无疑问是正确的。_______________________________________________
②我对这道题有疑问。__________________________________________________
③我怀疑他知道这件事的真相。__________________________________________
19.not...until...，意思“直到......才...”。
例句：
I can’t leave until my work is finished. 直到我的工作完成我才能离开。
She can’t go out until Monday. 直到星期一她才能出去。
练习：
①直到天黑了他才回家。____________________________________________
②直到她哭了他的老师才停止批评她。___________________________________________________________________
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课堂
练习
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一、词汇
A.根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。（共5小题）
1.—When _____ the mobile phones _______
—I think they _______(invent) after the cars.
2.—What is an alarm clock used for
—It’s used for ______ (wake) people up.
3.—What _____(give) to the village school as present last month
—Some new computers.
4. Many beautiful flowers ______ (bought) for the teachers last Sunday.
5. The thief ______(catch) by the police at last.
选择填空
据短文内容，选择适当的句子补全短文（只写句子前面的字母，有一个选项多余）
It was so cold yesterday evening outside 1 , like many parents waiting for their sons or daughters, with a coat under the arm 2 . We loving parents noticed the changes of the weather to come up with the idea--- 3 . Did they think it was a duty of the parents or were they grateful for what we did
All the lights in the teaching building were brightly on, and at 8:30 pm, the students in their school sports suits came out of the gate in twos or threes, 4 . It was not only a competition among the students, but also among the parents---it seems to me that the parents love their only child as if they loved their pet, and that they would feel happy or unhappy if the pet, 5 won a prize or fell behind. The results of their study for the students are just like the competition for the pets. Oh, poor boys and girls! Poor Dad and Mom!
A. making it a bit difficult to tell who was whom B. sending clothes to the children C. by taking a competition D. finding out what our children were doing E. while I was waiting by the school gate F. because of the cold weather
The teacher stood before his class and was going to hand out the final exam papers. “I know how 1 you have all worked to prepare for this test,”he said. “And because I know you can do it well, I am willing to offer a B to anyone who would2 not to take the test.
Many students jumped up to3 the teacher and left the classroom. The teacher looked at the 4 students and said, “Does anyone else want to get a B This is your last5.” Two more students decided to go.
Seven students remained. The teacher then handed out the 6 There were only three sentences typed on the paper: Congratulations! You have just 7 an A in this class.
Keep believing in yourself.
I never had a teacher like that, but I think it is a test 8 any teacher could and
should give. Students who are not 9 in what they have learned are B students at best(充其量).
The same is10 in real life. The A students are those who believe in what they are
doing because they have 11 both successes and failures. They have learned life’s
lessons, either from normal education 12 from events in their lives, and have become
13people. Scientists say that by the age of eight, 80% of what we believe about
ourselves has already been formed. You are a big kid now, and you 14 that you have some limits . However, there is 15 you can’t do or learn or be. Sir Edmund Hillary,
the first person to reach the summit of Mount Everest said, “It’s not the mountain we conquer(克服) but ourselves.
1. A. luckily B. terribly C. quietly D. hard
A. dislike B. help C. prefer D. start
A. thank B. praise C. fight D. criticize
A. following B. relaxing C. worrying D. remaining
5. A. chance B. trouble C. test D. idea
A. results B. presents C. papers D. essays
A. given B. sent C. discovered D. received
8. A. where B. that C. what D. when
9. A. confident B. necessary C. mysterious D. convenient
10. A. unusual B. impossible C. true D. special
11. A. broken off B. dreamed of C. learned from D. cared about
12. A. and B. or C. but D. so
13. A. ruder B. cuter C. worse D. better
14. A. decide B. forget C. realize D. imagine
15. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
Section B
in the end，意思“最后；最终”。
例句：
The customer was happy in the end. 最后顾客高兴了。
He worked out the math problem in the end. 最后他算出了那道数学题。
拓展：
at the end of...，接地点名词，意思“在......尽头”；接时间名词，意思“在......结束时”。
例句：
You will find the movie theater at the end of the street.
在街道的尽头你就会找到那家电影院。
by the end of，意思“在......以前，到......为止”。常用于将来时态或过去完成时态中。
例句：
We will finish the work by the end of this year.
我们在今年年底以前就会完成这项工作。
We had finished the work by the end of last year.
我们在去年年底以前就完成了这项工作。
练习：
①最后我们伤心了。____________________________________________
②我在明天之前就能完成家庭作业。
______________________________________________________________
③在这条河的尽头有一个村子。
______________________________________________________________
divide...into...，意思“把......分成......”。
例句：
Let’s divide the passage into three parts. 让我们把这篇文章分成三部分。
练习：
请把这个蛋糕分成5份。_______________________________________________
teach sb to do sth，意思“教某人做某事”。
例句：
He teaches me to learn math. 他教我学数学。
They teach me to play soccer. 他们教我踢足球。
拓展：
teach sb sth，意思“教某人某事”。
He teaches me math. 他教我数学。
teach oneself，意思“自学”。
I teach myself English. 我自学英语。
练习：
①我自学法语。______________________________________________
②他教我中文。______________________________________________
at the same time，意思“同时”。
例句：
（1）We stand up at the same time. 我们同时站起来。
（2）We got to school at the same time yesterday. 昨天我们同时到校。
练习：
①我们同时加入这个俱乐部。___________________________________________
②昨天我们同时完成那项工作。__________________________________________
6.dream of/about，意思“梦想......；向往......”。
例句：
I dream of becoming a scientist. 我梦想成为一名科学家。
练习：
①他梦想成为一名艺术家。___________________________________________
②我向往国外的生活。_______________________________________________
look up to，意思“钦佩；仰慕”。to是介词，后可接名词或代词。
例句：
We look up to him for his ability. 我们因他的才能而钦佩他。
encourage sb to do sh，意思“鼓励某人做某事”。
例句：
He encourages us to study hard. 他鼓励我们要努力学习。
练习：
①我仰慕我的数学老师。___________________________________________
②爸爸鼓励我多看书。_____________________________________________
辨析achieve和come true
achieve，意思“实现；取得”，主语是人。
She achieved her dream. 她实现了她的梦想。
（2）come true，意思“实现”，主语通常是梦想。
Her dream came true. 她的梦想实现了。
练习：
①我们的梦想实现了。___________________________________________
②他最终会取得成功。___________________________________________
一般过去时的被动语态
一般过去时的被动语态的构成：was/were+及物动词的过去分词。
例句：
The desk was made by ma father. 这张桌子是由我父亲做的。
They were invented by Tom. 他们是由汤姆发明的。
句式变化：
肯定句：主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词+其他
否定句：主语+wasn’t/weren’t+及物动词的过去分词+其他
一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他？
回答：Yes, 主语+was/were.
No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t.
练习：
①电话是由他发明的。___________________________________________
②这本书不是他写的。___________________________________________
③这个风筝是他做的吗？_________________________________________
一、根据中文意思，补全句子
1.你知道电话是谁发明的吗？
Do you know who the telephone ___________________
2. 我喜欢柠檬的酸味。
I like the ____________________ of lemons.
3. 炸薯片不够咸，你最好再多撒上点盐。
The potato chips are _____________________. You _______________salt on them.
4 直到老师向他指出，他才意识到了他的错误。
He ________________________________________the teacher pointed it out to him.
5. 她以前总是和她妈妈晚饭后去散步，但是现在她每天回家都太晚了而不能去散步了。
She ________________ with her mother after dinner. But now she gets home _____________________ every day.
一、选择填空（共10分，每小题1分）
（ ）1. Sunglasses are used protecting eyes.
A. from B. for C. to D. with
（ ）2. Was a car invented _____ March 4, 1876
A. on B. in C. at D. of
（ ）3. Can you tell me _____ the train was invented
A. what B. who C. when D. which
（ ）4. Many boys think playing computer games is of all games.
A. more interesting　　　　　B. the most interesting
C. interesting 　　　　　　　D. more and more interesting
（ ）5. He took my English-Chinese dictionary _____ mistake.
A. to B. by C. about D. on
（ ）6. I don’t like eating chocolate because the taste is too _____.
A. salty B. sour C. sweet D. hot
（ ）7. The blackboard ______ just now. Do you know who did it
A. cleaned 　B. was cleaning　　　 C. has cleaned　　　D. was cleaned
（ ）8. We will not go home _____ it stops raining.
A. after 　　　 B. before 　　　 C. until 　　　 D. when
（ ）9.That house is not , so we have to buy it.
A. enough big; enough money 　　　 B. big enough；enough money
C. enough big; money enough 　　　 D. much big; many money
（ ）10. Can you tell me ____？
A.who the machine invented
B.who the machine invented by
C. who was the machine invented by
D. who the machine was invented by
二、完形填空（共10分，每小题1分）
People on Hainan Island like scuba diving. But do you know what makes it possible for people __11__ under water for a long time It’s the scuba machine. Then do you know __12__ invented the machine It was Jacquse Cousteau and his friend.
Cousteau was a man __13__ of new ideas. Ever since he was a child, he had been dreaming of diving deep to explore the wonderful world __14__ the sea. Later with the scuba machine he invented, his __15__ came true. He took a lot of pictures and videos of many things that people had never seen before. It took him eight years to make a TV show which he named “The Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau.” People were __16__when they saw so many beautiful things under water.
Cousteau loved the coral reels and all the beautiful fish. However, when he returned some years later, he was __17__ to see that the colorful coral reels were __18__ and gray. He tried everything possible to help people know the __19__ of saving the environment and encourage them to take part in keeping our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans __20__.
（ ）11. A. to breathe B. breathing C. breathed D. breathe
（ ）12. A. that B. what C. which D. who
（ ）13. A. think B. filled C. full D. short
（ ）14. A. under B. above C. on D. over
（ ）15 A. dream B. idea C. thoughts D. plan
（ ）16. A. surprising B. surprised C. frightened D. frightening
（ ）17. A. sad B. afraid C. happy D. interested
（ ）18. A. got B. better C. were D. dead
（ ）19. A. important B. time C. knowledge D. danger
（ ）20. A. well B. clean C. rough D. quiet
三、阅读理解（共20分，每小题2分）
A
Although bicycles are still an important means of transportation for many people at present, more and more people are riding it purely for exercise and fun. This is especially true in some developed countries where cars are a common part of common people’s life. However, two centuries ago, when bicycles were first invented, they were used only for transportation.
In the eighteenth century, people usually traveled by horse and wagon(马车). Many people worked in cities, but they liked to go to the countryside for weekends and holidays. But not everybody could afford a horse or a wagon. So there was a special need for the invention of a cheap and convenient means of transportation.
Then in 1790 the first bicycle was made. People called it “ the horse on pared with the bikes we ride today, it was an extremely simple one. In 1861, after many improvements were made, the bicycle became a real means of transportation. People liked bikes because they weren’t as expensive as horse and didn’t need to be fed. Also, they could go just about anywhere and were easy to ride.
（ ）21.Bicycles today are used by more and more people for ____.
A. taking the place of cars and bused B. exercise and fun
C. riding in the crowded street D. riding in the city
（ ）22. How did the people travel in the eighteenth century
A. By bus. B. By horse and wagon. C. By bicycle. D. On foot.
（ ）23.The first bicycle was invented ____.
A.in 1790 B. in 1861
C. before the wagon was invented D. after 21 century
（ ）24. Why did people like bicycles
A. Because bicycles were cheap and didn’t need to be fed.
B. Because bicycles could go just about anywhere and were easy to ride.
C. Because bicycles couldn’t go everywhere.
D. A and B.
（ ）25. From the passage we can know that ____.
A. people in developed countries use more bicycles
B. the bikes we ride today are extremely simple
C. not all people in the eighteenth century could travel to the countryside by horse and wagon
D. all the people could buy a wagon in seventeenth century
B
E-mail can be a powerful new tool in improving communication between patients and doctors, according to one expert.
“Using the Internet, doctors can answer more questions from more patients in a shorter time,” writes Dr. Dada Pal, a famous doctor in Manchester, UK.
According to Pal, nearly forty percent of American patients say they have used e-mail to communicate with a doctor.
He notes, however, that although patients have such interest, only up to two percent of doctors in the United States offer e-mail service.
Using e-mail , doctors can make sure of their advice and point, patient to patient information materials and other resources on the Internet. It’s said that more than ten thousand health-oriented website already exist now.
However, some people worry that widespread use of medical e-mail might set up two kinds of care—one for Internet “haves” and another for the “have nots”.
But Pal points out that “by the year 2000 nearly every library will offer (Internet and e-mail) services in the United States, allowing even low-income patients to use such means.” Pal also talks about other possible barriers to the acceptance of medical e-mail.
“Doctors may be unwilling to offer e-mail services for fear of increasing workload and uncertainty about payment for the time they spent,” he explains, and patients may worry that their medical information might be read by others. “But these problems can all be solved,” he adds.
E-mail may well help us a lot in health care, Pal concludes, “Patients can get in normal clinics,” he points out, “and they might find communication on the information superhighway less fearful, than face-to-face dialogues with their doctors.”
（ ）26. The article introduces a new way of patient-doctor communication ____.
A.by e-mail B. by visiting
C. by searching the Internet D. by using the computer
（ ）27. According to the passage, some people worry that ____.
A. it might have to serve both who have access to the Internet and those who don’t
B. it might meet double doubts from those who have access to the Internet and those who don’t.
C. it might make trouble between those who can use the Internet and those who can’t
D. it might make trouble between those who have Internet experiences and those who haven’t
（ ）28. All the following points are advantages of using medical e-mail expect ____.
A. it is more convenient
B. it is less frightening
C. it enables patients and doctors to understand each other better
D. it provides patients more choices of treatment
（ ）29. What does the word “barrier” mean
A. 可能 B. 危险 C. 障碍 D.秘密
（ ）30. Which of the following is true about e-mail in the United States
A. Almost Every patient can use it.
B. Only doctors can use it.
C. Patients needn’t pay for their treatment by using e-mail.
D. Others can read the information sent by e-mail.
参考答案
Section A:
I don’t like the style of the film.
The novel is out of style.
He likes playing basketball with his math teacher.
Could you help me clean the classroom.
It’s such a big elephant.
That is so smart a monkey.
Someone mentions going to Xi an.
I met him in the street by accident.
I studied English two hours ago.
It’s said that he is good at playing the piano.
He fell into the danger.
They sometimes attend the meeting .
I need some time to finish the work.
Our English teacher is one of the most beautiful teachers.
One of them likes playing the guitar.
It’s believed that studying English is very difficult.
Less than, more than,
I happened to meet him in the theater.
The sports meeting will take place next month.
He lived in the 1790s.
All of sudden, it starts raining.
He is right without doubt.
I doubt the problem.
I doubt whether he knows the truth of the thing.
He went home until it was dark.
His teacher stopped criticizing his until she cried.
课堂练习：
were invented
were invented
waking
was given
were bought
E F B A C
课后作业：
D C A D A C D B A C C B D C A
Section B：
We are sad in the end.
I will finish homework by the end of tomorrow.
There is a village at the end of the river.
Please divide the cake into five parts.
I teach myself French.
He teaches me Chinese.
We take part in the club at the same time.
We finished that work at the same time yesterday.
He dreams of becoming an artist.
I dream of life abroad.
I look up to my math teacher.
My father encourages me to read more books.
Our dreams came true.
He will achieve success in the end.
The phone was invented by him.
The book wasn’t written by him.
Was the kite made by him
课堂练习：
was invented by
Sour taste
not salty enough,had better sprinkle more
didn’t realize his mistake until.
used to have a walk, too late to take a walk.
课后作业：
单项：B A C B B C D C B D
二、完形填空：A D C A A B A D A B
阅读理解：B B A D C A B D C A

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