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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题二 阅读理解——推理判断题
推理判断题不能直接从文中得出答案，需要考生在理解原文的基础上进行推理、分析和判断，从而得出答案。推理判断题主要包括：推断文章细节，推断任务性格、品质或感受，推断写作意图，推断作者态度，推断文章出处，推断文章后续发展等。
分析2018-2022年近五年深圳中考阅读理解题型考向分布。
年份 体裁 题目类型考察频次
细节理解 推理判断 词句猜测 主旨大意
2018年 说明文 记叙文 记叙文 说明文 13 2 2 2
2019年 说明文 记叙文·夹叙夹议文 说明文 11 5 1 3
2020年 说明文 记叙文·夹叙夹议文 说明文 8 7 2 3
2021年 记叙文 记叙文 说明文 7 6 1 1
2022年 说明文 记叙文 说明文 7 6 1 1
推理判断题的解题技巧
针对不同的设题方式，要运用不同的解题技巧。
推断文章细节
常见设问方式：
What conclusion can we draw/about...
What do/can we learn from...
What can be inferred from the passage
What do you think of...
From the passage,we can learn that...
The writer probably agrees that...
We can infer from the passage that...
解题步骤：
此类试题要求考生根据文中的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理。问题和答案通常体现出因果关系。
考生在解题时，要忠于原文。基于原文的事实进行有理有据的推断。以下几类选项通常为错误选项：
表述过于绝对。选项中含有only，all，always等绝对意义的词。
无中生有的选项。原文没有提到相关事实，纯属捏造的信息。
张冠李戴的选项。故意混淆不同事件的对象。
范围扩大或缩小的选项。故意扩大或缩小事件发生的时间、地点或数量等范围。
断章取义的选项。从原文中摘录某个事实，但不符合段落主旨或文章主旨。
主观臆断的选项。符合生活常识，但是文中没有出现。
推断人物性格、品质或感受
常见设问方式：
What can we know about sb./one’s personality according to the passage
How may sb. feel
How is...
How do you like...
推断写作意图
常见设问方式：
What is the purpose of the passage
What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
Why dose the writer write the passage
推断作者态度
常见提问方式：
What do you think of...
How do you like ...
推断文章出处
常见设问方式：
We can probably see the passage in ...
In which part of a magazine can we read the text
Where does the text/passage probably come from
Which part of a newspaper can this passage be taken from
Where is the passage probably from
解题步骤
此类试题要求考生从文章的内容或结构来推断出处，也可根据各种文体的特征来推断出处。
Website网页：文中会出现网页的特征，如：click点击；log登录等。还有网页上可能出现的符号，--最小化、X关闭。
Newspaper报纸：前面会出现日期、地点、通讯社名称等。
Advertisement广告：含有产品信息，包括价格、用途、打折信息等。
Instructions说明书：介绍产品的名称、用途、操作方式等。
Travel guide旅游指南：含有各个景点的信息，包含门票、路线、活动、美食等信息。
解题步骤：
做题小技巧：
1.若针对特殊标点符号,举例子,名人名言出题,只需要阅读符号，例子,名言前后的内容，然后与选项核对。
2.在出现一些关键词，如however、but、moreover、therefore、 thus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。
3.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：must, never, the most, all, merely, only, have to, any, no, completely, none,等。但不是绝对，也有例外。
4.注意选项中的副词，形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如： must, may, often, should, usually, might, most, more or less, likely, all, never，few 等存在程度不同，经常被偷换，往往被忽视。
5.推理题干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同；叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及.　
【真题在线】
2018年深圳市中考真题
A
When you go on a vacation, the hotel you choose and the room you stay in are important. There are many cool theme（主题）hotel rooms around the world. Here are some of them.
The Harry Potter Room The George Castle Hotel in England gives its guests the experience of staying in Harry Potter's world. This 19th-century castle hotel is beside Harry Potter tour bus stop. The bus will take you to the Making Of Harry Potter studio tour. Ice Theme Room An ice theme can be found at Hotel de Glace in Canada. In winter, you can get a fireplace and a private spa in the rooms. The ice hotel has new rooms each year. This winter, it will build a room with the theme of Disney's movie Frozen.
Pirate（海盗）Theme Room If you want a more attractive theme room, the Adventure Island Hotel in America is the best choice. In their pirate theme rooms, you'll feel like you're on a pirate ship in a world of sea adventures. Night at the Movies Room At the Wensley Hotel in Australia, guests are crazy about the Night at the Movies Room. There they can see different things of Hollywood, such as Hollywood signs over the door, and hand-painted actors' pictures above the bed.
（4）Where is the text probably taken from
A．A storybook. B．A history book.
C．A science book. D．A travel guide book.
E
Artificial intelligence（人工智能）, or AI in short, is the science of giving computers and machines ability to think and work like humans. AI scientists and engineers have made a lot of cool technologies.
AI is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces. As a result, facial recognition（识别）is used a lot in the world. Chinese police use this technology to identify criminals（罪犯）.Once they caught a criminal when he attended a concert. It also checks the ID of ride-hailing（网约车）drivers and lets people pay for things with a smile.
AI is also used in self-driving cars, which are believed to be the future of driving. Most drivers may wave or nod at passers-by to let them cross the street, but self-driving cars don't have this ability. Carmakers are testing a light signal system to help them "speak" to humans. The system can show what self-driving cars will do. For example, if a driverless car is yielding（让路）, it will flash two white lights side to side. A rapidly flashing light tells passers-by that the car is about to speed up.
Service Robots also show you know powerful AI is. Imagine this—you come back home from school and your robot housekeeper is waiting for you at the door. After dinner, he teaches you to play the piano, just like a real music teacher. Such thoughts will soon happen in the real world. In the future, more and more service robots will become good home helpers.
AI is so powerful that it can help human beings and even replace us in many jobs.
（4）What can we learn from the passage
A．People use AI in many different ways.
B．AI will take the pace of human beings in all jobs.
C．Self-driving cars will be able to talk like humans.
D．A criminal was caught for inventing facial recognition.
2019年深圳市中考真题
A
Sending packets, shopping for everyday goods and even building a house, these are new skills that new robots show at the World Robot Exhibition.
RoBohoN Scientists are recommending the latest talking robots. They can be highly intelligent in their responses. RoBohoN, just 10cm tall, makes a lively description of the Great Wall and the Palace Museum. It can speak Chinese, English or any other language you like.
Human Support This robot stands at 1m tall and looks like a container with arms. It provides much support to different places and keeps in touch with the outside world through the internet.
CarriRo CarriRo, in the shape of a toy bus, has friendly “eyes” on its front. It works as a postman and sends packages by rolling around the streets. It has a GPS to travel. The person who receives the package is sent a code to the smart phone to open the CarriRo and get the package.
27.Which Robot is the best helper to the old people’s homes
A. RoBohoN B. Human Support Robot
C.HRP-5P D. CarriRo
29. In which part of a newspaper can we find this passage
A. culture B. sports C. science D. people
B
Alice Lee is a high school student studying at a private school. She is doing some voluntary work at an after-school program to help students from poor families.
On the first day of her work, she noticed that many kids were lining up for free sandwiches and fruits. She was surprised. One of the organizers explains that many of these students don’t get enough to eat at home. So a school lunch or an after-meal might be the most food they would get all the day. She has also been told that some hungry kids can receive free lunches, but others are only allowed reduced-price meals, and those students’ families have to pay for the part of their food.
Lee was shocked, she decided to offer help to those who are suffering from hunger, “I want other kids to understand that If you see a problem, you don’t have to wait to be an adult to fix it,” says Lee. She and a group of friends are using their programme skill to create a new app called Food of Thought, which will allow parents, students, and even kind-hearted strangers to donate money to lunch accounts for students in a nearby school.
32. What was she doing to help the poor kids
A. She taught them for free. B. She opened a lunch account.
C. She developed an app to help them. D. She offered free food.
D
UNNERS’ enthusiasm for the 2018 Shenzhen International Marathon was not diminished even though the sky was overcast yesterday morning, as 30,000 contestants from home and abroad gathered at the Civic Center square at 8 a.m. ready to hit the road.
The first runner to cross the finish line was Edwin Kipngetich Koech from Kenya, who finished the full-length marathon (42.195 kilometers) in 2 hours 9 minutes and 44 seconds. Koech took home a prize of US$20,000.
The runner-up prize went to an Ethiopian contestant, Bekele Muluneh Metaferia, who was only 56 seconds faster than the second runner-up, Samuel Ndungu Wanjiku, also from Kenya. Metaferia was awarded US$15,000, while Wanjiku received US$10,000.
The first woman to cross the finish line was Mulu Seboka Seyfu from Ethiopia. She finished in a time of 2 hours 27 minutes and 12 seconds, according to the organizer.
Kenyan runner Flomena Chepchirchir Chumba and Ethiopian runner Ashu Kasim Rabo finished in second and third place, respectively.
Evgeny Dekhtyar, a runner from Russia, said he really enjoyed the race and it was the second time that he had participated in the Shenzhen marathon. “The weather is superb for running a marathon because it is neither too cold nor too hot. Also, the views along Shennan Boulevard were beautiful. I really like the route,” said Dekhtyar.
Dekhtyar will also participate in the 2018 Shenzhen Bao’an International Marathon that is scheduled for Dec. 30. “I think a marathon is an amazing carnival in the city. People can exercise, have fun and break their personal records together,” he said.
Apart from the full-length marathon, the half-length marathon also attracted many participants to experience the fun of running. Some wanted to take the opportunity to improve their stamina and strength, while others wanted to enjoy themselves with friends and family.
41.Which statement is true about this passage
A. The best runners of this marathon are Africans.
B. Evgeny Dekhtyar reached the finish line at about a quarter to ten.
C. Bekele Muluneh Metaferia finished the marathon in 2 hours 10 minutes and 40 seconds.
D.The full-length marathon is for the men runners ,while the half-length marathon is for the women ones.
2020年深圳市中考真题
Good
news for art lovers! We have collected some information about the exhibitions
put on in Shenzhen this summer.
Frank Yang's
Artworks An exhibition showing late master Frank Yang's
old photos, letters, videos and landscape paintings is being held. Entry is
free. Dates: Until July 26. Venue: Guan Shanyue Art Museum, 6026 Hongli Road, Futian
District. Metro: Line 3 or 4. to Children's Palace Station, Exit B. Contemporary Art Chinese artists Wang Dawei and Li Xiao are
holding their exhibitions, featuring contemporary sound art and video art.
Entry is free. Dates: Until August 18. Venue: OCAT Shenzhen, South Area, OCT-LOFT, Nanshan District. Metro: Line 1 to Qiaocheng East Station, Exit A.
Cassie Chen's Photos Cassie Chen, a graduate of Tsinghua University, is exhibiting her photographic Works in
Shenzhen. Visitors can find photos on different themes. Entry is free. Dates: Until July 30. Venue: TC101 Exhibition Hall, 2001 Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District. Metro: Line 3 to Universiade. Station, ExitC. Future Art Chinese artist Sun Fangping is exhibiting
his works. Organizers hope that this series of exhibitions will explore the
direction and value of the future of art. Dates: Until August 31. Venue: Zhi Art Museum, Song' an Road Bao' an District. Metro: Ling 11 to Houting Station, Exit A and then take a
taxi.
（3）Which exhibitions can you choose if you are free on August 15
A．Contemporary Art and Future Art
B．Cassie Chen's Photos and Future Art.
C．Contemporary Art and Frank Yang's Artworks
D．Frank Yang's Artworks and Cassie Chen's Photos
（4）Where is the text probably taken from
A．A novel B．A story book
C．A newspaper D．A science magazine
18．（2020·深圳）阅读理解
"Miss
Smith! What rough (粗糙的) hands Mary Jessup
has! "said Daisy Marvin, as she walked home from school with her teacher.
"In
my opinion, Daisy, Mary's hands are the prettiest in our class"
"Why
Miss Smith, they are as red and hard as they can be. How they would look if she
tried to play on a piano! "Daisy said.
Miss
Smith took Daisy's hands in hers, and said, "Your hands are very soft and
white, just the hands to look beautiful on a piano; yet they don't have one
beauty that Mary's hands do .Shall I tell you what the difference is ”
"Yes,
please, Miss Smith." Daisy looked at Miss Smith, with eyes wide open.
"Will,
Daisy, Mary's hands are very busy. They wash dishes; they make fires; they hang
out clothes, and help to wash them, too; they are always trying to help her
poor, hard-working mother."
Miss
Smith continued, "Besides, they wash and dress the children; they mend
their toys and dress their dolls; yet, they find time to bathe the head of the little
girl who is so sick in the next house to theirs."
"They
do good deeds (行为) to every living thing. I
have seen them patting the tired horse and the homeless dog in the street. They
are always ready to help those who need help."
"I
shall never think Mary's hands are ugly any more, Miss Smith." Daisy said
that with tears in eyes.
"I
am glad to hear you say that, Daisy; and I must tell you that they are
beautiful because they help others gladly and cheerfully."
"Oh,
Miss Smith! I feel so ashamed of myself and so sorry, "said Daisy, looking
into her teacher's face with shining eyes.
“My dear, beauty doesn't lie in how one looks but what he does."
（3）What can we infer (推断) from the passage
A．Mary's mother was lazy. B．Mary lived a comfortable life.
C．Miss Smith disliked Daisy, D．Daisy understood beauty better.
20．（2020·深圳）阅读理解
Teens
and kids are reading a lot less for fun, according to a recent report.
Although
the decline (下降) in the past ten years is
very surprising for teen readers, some data (数据) in the
report shows that reading is still a big part of many children's lives.
According
to the report, the number or teens who hardly read has gone up from 8 percent
to 25 percent today. The report data shows that kids' reading ability remains
almost the same. However, the amount of reading time has fallen, from about an
hour every day to half an hour.
As
for children's e-reading, the report mentions little about its effects. But it
says that many parents choose to control the time spent on e-books, mainly
because they are worried about the increased screen time. After all, it is
important to protect their kids' eyes.
The
most helpful part in the report is parents' effects on their children. It shows
that parents are examples and important guides for them in reading. If parents
read more and find more time如o read with
their children, it turns out that their children actually read more often.
As
summer vacation arrives, parents might take this chance to step in, make a
reading list and enjoy the pleasant family reading time.
（2）Why do many parents control e-reading
A．It can waste kids' time. B．E-books are not so important.
C．It can harm kids' health. D．E-books are a waste of money.
（3）How should parents encourage children's reading
A．By making reading plans. B．By setting good examples.
C．By praising kids' reading. D．By offering different books.
21．（2020·深圳）阅读理解
The
Taojinshan Greenway (绿道) in Shenzhen has been
open to citizens since July, 2019. Sitting at the west side of Shenzhen
Reservoir, it is as long as 7.07 kilometers.
With
plants along both sides and lakes lying at different sites, tourists can enjoy
wonderful scenery all the way. If they are tired, they are free to take a rest
at the 3 stops that were built for breaks. Additionally, five unused guard posts
(岗享) along the old route have remained.
They serve as sightseeing platforms for visitors to feel the cultural spirit
behind the place.
Of
all its 13 scenic spots, 8 were designed to have Al helpers. From them,
visitors can gain information on parking, tour guide services and more. The
smart greenway, with free Wi-Fi available, also provides environmental date,
such as temperature, wind speed and air quality. What's more, it can give
visitors wamings of coming extreme (极端的)
weather and natural disasters, including rainstorms and typhoons that may hit
Shenzhen.
"Started
in the middle of 2015, the building process of the Taojinshan Greenway has
taken good care of de wildlife and environment nearby" said Yang Shiming,
an offcial in charge of the project."
The
greenway is an example of construction projects without doing harm to the
nature. It also shows the role that technology plays in building a smart
greenway for more life convenience."
（4）What can we learn from this passage
A．It is interesting to use Al helpers.
B．It is important to build greenways.
C．It is possible to balance nature and construction.
D．It is unnecessary to worry about terrible weather.
2021年深圳市中考真题
（2021·深圳）阅读理解
Shashiyu was once a
poor village in Hebei Province, but now it has changed into a rich and livable
place.
In the 1940s,
villagers in Shashiyu had little food and few clothes, but they had a strong
wish for a better life. Zhang Guishun, the Party secretary of Shashiyu,
encouraged his villagers to do their best to pull themselves out of poverty.
"In the ancient Chinese story, Yu Gong could move mountains with his
strong will and hard work, why can't we Nobody was born to be poor " Hearing
his words, the villagers decided to make a difference.
Led by the Communist
Party of China (中国共产党), the villagers carried
water and soil to their village from faraway places to improve their land. From
1966 to. 1971, they reclaimed (开垦) lots of land and
greatly improved their life.
However, the village
encountered a new problem two decades later as the environment became heavily
polluted by chemical plants and mine refineries built in 1990s.
The polluting
factories were shut down in 2004, and villagers started grape cultivation,
which soon became a main industry in Shashiyu.
In 2009, the city-level
government invested over 1 million yuan($152, 723) to change the village's
exhibition hall into a museum in memory of development efforts made by earlier
generations.
After 10 years, the
village was called "National Forest Village".
Zhang said that the
village started a yearly tourism festival in 2015 to attract travelers to pick
grapes. "The grapes could be sold at a better price once Shashiyu becomes
famous through this festival. Our villagers can then live even better lives,
"he said.
13．Which word can be used to describe the villagers
A．Hard-working. B．Lazy. C．Kind-hearted. D．Stupid.
推理判断题。根据第三段 "Led by the Communist Party of China, the villagers carried water and soil to their village from faraway places to improve their land. From 1966 to 1971, they reclaimed lots of land and greatly improved their life. "可知村民们是勤奋的。故选A。
14．When was Shashiyu called "National Forest Village"
A．In 2009. B．In 2004. C．In 2015. D．In 2019.
15．Where can you probably read the passage
A．In a storybook. B．In a newspaper.
C．Ina sports magazine. D．In a science book
（2021·深圳）阅读理解
When I was a girl
growing up, I cannot once ever remember either my mum or my grandma wasting
food.
Anything we didn't eat
at one meal was leftovers (剩菜). I can
remember my grandma making a huge pot of potatoes. We would all eat until we
were full enough, but there were always about half of the potatoes leftover. A
few days later, Grandma would take those potatoes out of the fridge, boil some
noodles, add some vegetables and mix them all together. And I also remember
when I watched my mum fry bacon (煎培根) for us in the mornings,
she would always take the oil carefully and pour it into a bottle. Then she
would use it later to add flavor to so many other dishes. I was an adult before
I realized that potatoes didn't actually taste like bacon!
I learned their
lessons well, and after I grew up, I tried to never waste food myself. I always
planned the week's meals ahead of time and only bought what was on my shopping
list so that nothing went to waste. Every meal went into our stomachs and any
leftovers were later eaten by either myself my boys, my husband or my dogs. To
me, throwing food into the bin was just wrong.
However, when it comes
to living, there are no leftovers. Life is just like a feast. Each moment that you don't live is lost forever. Life
cannot be saved or stored. Each day is a fresh beginning. Live each moment of
your life to the fullest, then.
20．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．It is never too old to learn.
B．Eat to live, but not live to eat.
C．Neither food nor life should be wasted.
D．There is no such thing as a free lunch.
（2021·深圳）阅读理解
Can plants talk
Modern research has found something amazing: they do communicate with each
other.
It has been known for
some time that plants use chemicals to conunicate with each other. This happens
when a plant gets atacked by insects. The plant gives out chemicals from the
leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help:" I'm
being attacked!" When another plant gets the chemicals, it starts to give
out its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away.
Others attract the wasps (黄蜂；蜜蜂)! The
wasps kill the insects that are eating the plants. Scientists hope to learn
more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow more crops.
More surprisingly,
plants also use sound to communicate. People can't hear these sounds; but
plants are making them. Some plants make noises with their and chili
plants do this. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water.
Most surprisingly of
all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant
in a forest. Scientists call this system the "wood wide web". The
wood wide web is linked underground by fungi (霉菌).
It links the roots of different plants to each other. It is in some ways
similar to the Internet we use. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information
and even food with each other. However, it may lead to bad effects. Plants may
use it to steal food from each other, or spread chemicals to attack other
plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a "firewall"
to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web.
Scientists are
learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each
other. Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able
to "talk" with them ourselves.
23．What is the writer's intention of the last paragraph
A．To give people hope for further studies.
B．To praise scientists for their great achievements.
C．To call on people to protect the plants on Earth.
D．To inspire people to communicate with plants.
24．What is the structure of the passage
A．
B．
C．
D．
2022年深圳市中考真题
二、阅 读 理 解(共15小题，每小题1.5分)
（2022·深圳）阅下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
At 9 o'clock on December 10th, 2021, with the sound of a whistle(哨), train G2197 slowly ran out of Ganzhou West Station and headed south to Shenzhen North Station. This marked the opening of the Ganzhou-Shenzhen high-speed railway, which includes 14 stations, with a total length of 436 kilometers. The total travel time between the two cities has been cut from 6 hours to 2 hours.
The building of the Ganshen high-speed railway was filled with challenges. As the railway travels through the mountainous areas of southern Jiangxi and northern Guangdong, workers had to be careful with many cultural landscapes(风景)and protection areas. When it was completed, 323 bridges and 157 tunnels( 隧 道 )were built, taking up 90% of the total length.
By taking the new route, it is convenient for passengers to visit the beautiful places along the line. For example, you can walk into the Shenzhen Museum to review the city's development, go to Heyuan to experience the amazing Wanlv Lake, or explore the ancient Tongtian Rock Caves in Ganzhou.
Ganzhou is known as the "Orange Capital of the World". With the high-speed railway's operation, more travellers from Guangdong have arrived and Ganzhou oranges are getting more popular.
"It used to take me six hours to drive home on Fridays, but now I can get home in time to pick up my child from school. What's more, I can even drop him off at school on Monday mornings before I go to work, "said Chen Yu, a Ganzhou local who works in Shenzhen.
Chen's life is a typical one that has changed with the railway. More and more wonderful changes along the high-speed railway are taking place.
12．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．The tunnels cover 90 % of the railway.
B．It was very difficult to build the railway.
C．157 bridges were built along the railway.
The railway passes through northern Jiangxi.
13．What is the purpose of paragraph 3
A．To introduce places of interest.
B．To share travelling experiences.
C．To review the history of Ganzhou.
D．To celebrate the success of Shenzhen.
14．What do we know about Chen Yu
A．He is an orange farmer. B．He is a local in Shenzhen.
C．His child lives in Ganzhou. D．His working place has changed.
15．What kind of text is this
A．A short story. B．A travel diary.
C．A train timetable. D．A news report.
（2022·深圳）阅下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I took up baking(烘焙)when I was twelve. At that time I was working on my school bakery project with my classmates. I tried a few times, but I wasn't very successful. My parents. advised I learn from my grandmother, who later gave me her recipe(食谱)and instruction as well. After two years' practice, I was able to make delicious bread. I have come to realize making bread means a lot to me although it takes a long time.
To make bread, others usually use quick-rise yeast(酵母), but I don't. Every Saturday morning, after mixing proper amount of water with flour, sugar etc, I take time to wait for the dough to rise. This is my way to slow down and smell the roses.
Baking does require great patience. In my hands, the dough is slowly growing. It's becoming softer. I can feel the change, which connects me to something quite different from the modern way of living. To me, making bread is a push against our culture of convenience. It certainly takes more time than buying bread from a store, but I enjoy it.
I've stuck with my grandmother's recipe without making any change. Now this tradition has continued for years. Sometimes, in order to fit it in, I have to change my schedule. But I have never considered giving it up.
By the time my children get home from school, the bread has been baked and cooled. They step into the house and the first thing they do is to take a deep breath of the warm, honeyed air. My bread-baking has also helped them to slow down and understand the value of taking their time and leading an unhurried life.
18．Which word best describes life in modern times according to the writer
A．Relaxing. B．Exciting. C．Fast. D．Happy.
19．What does the underlined "it" in paragraph 4 refer to
A．The recipe. B．The plan. C．The change D．The tradition.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题二 阅读理解——推理判断题
推理判断题不能直接从文中得出答案，需要考生在理解原文的基础上进行推理、分析和判断，从而得出答案。推理判断题主要包括：推断文章细节，推断任务性格、品质或感受，推断写作意图，推断作者态度，推断文章出处，推断文章后续发展等。
分析2018-2022年近五年深圳中考阅读理解题型考向分布。
年份 体裁 题目类型考察频次
细节理解 推理判断 词句猜测 主旨大意
2018年 说明文 记叙文 记叙文 说明文 13 2 2 2
2019年 说明文 记叙文·夹叙夹议文 说明文 11 5 1 3
2020年 说明文 记叙文·夹叙夹议文 说明文 8 7 2 3
2021年 记叙文 记叙文 说明文 7 6 1 1
2022年 说明文 记叙文 说明文 7 6 1 1
推理判断题的解题技巧
针对不同的设题方式，要运用不同的解题技巧。
推断文章细节
常见设问方式：
What conclusion can we draw/about...
What do/can we learn from...
What can be inferred from the passage
What do you think of...
From the passage,we can learn that...
The writer probably agrees that...
We can infer from the passage that...
解题步骤：
此类试题要求考生根据文中的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理。问题和答案通常体现出因果关系。
考生在解题时，要忠于原文。基于原文的事实进行有理有据的推断。以下几类选项通常为错误选项：
表述过于绝对。选项中含有only，all，always等绝对意义的词。
无中生有的选项。原文没有提到相关事实，纯属捏造的信息。
张冠李戴的选项。故意混淆不同事件的对象。
范围扩大或缩小的选项。故意扩大或缩小事件发生的时间、地点或数量等范围。
断章取义的选项。从原文中摘录某个事实，但不符合段落主旨或文章主旨。
主观臆断的选项。符合生活常识，但是文中没有出现。
推断人物性格、品质或感受
常见设问方式：
What can we know about sb./one’s personality according to the passage
How may sb. feel
How is...
How do you like...
推断写作意图
常见设问方式：
What is the purpose of the passage
What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
Why dose the writer write the passage
推断作者态度
常见提问方式：
What do you think of...
How do you like ...
推断文章出处
常见设问方式：
We can probably see the passage in ...
In which part of a magazine can we read the text
Where does the text/passage probably come from
Which part of a newspaper can this passage be taken from
Where is the passage probably from
解题步骤
此类试题要求考生从文章的内容或结构来推断出处，也可根据各种文体的特征来推断出处。
Website网页：文中会出现网页的特征，如：click点击；log登录等。还有网页上可能出现的符号，--最小化、X关闭。
Newspaper报纸：前面会出现日期、地点、通讯社名称等。
Advertisement广告：含有产品信息，包括价格、用途、打折信息等。
Instructions说明书：介绍产品的名称、用途、操作方式等。
Travel guide旅游指南：含有各个景点的信息，包含门票、路线、活动、美食等信息。
解题步骤：
做题小技巧：
1.若针对特殊标点符号,举例子,名人名言出题,只需要阅读符号，例子,名言前后的内容，然后与选项核对。
2.在出现一些关键词，如however、but、moreover、therefore、 thus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。
3.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：must, never, the most, all, merely, only, have to, any, no, completely, none,等。但不是绝对，也有例外。
4.注意选项中的副词，形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如： must, may, often, should, usually, might, most, more or less, likely, all, never，few 等存在程度不同，经常被偷换，往往被忽视。
5.推理题干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同；叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及.　
【真题在线】
2018年深圳市中考真题
A
When you go on a vacation, the hotel you choose and the room you stay in are important. There are many cool theme（主题）hotel rooms around the world. Here are some of them.
The Harry Potter Room The George Castle Hotel in England gives its guests the experience of staying in Harry Potter's world. This 19th-century castle hotel is beside Harry Potter tour bus stop. The bus will take you to the Making Of Harry Potter studio tour. Ice Theme Room An ice theme can be found at Hotel de Glace in Canada. In winter, you can get a fireplace and a private spa in the rooms. The ice hotel has new rooms each year. This winter, it will build a room with the theme of Disney's movie Frozen.
Pirate（海盗）Theme Room If you want a more attractive theme room, the Adventure Island Hotel in America is the best choice. In their pirate theme rooms, you'll feel like you're on a pirate ship in a world of sea adventures. Night at the Movies Room At the Wensley Hotel in Australia, guests are crazy about the Night at the Movies Room. There they can see different things of Hollywood, such as Hollywood signs over the door, and hand-painted actors' pictures above the bed.
（4）Where is the text probably taken from
A．A storybook. B．A history book.
C．A science book. D．A travel guide book.
推理判断。A故事书；B历史书；C科学书；D旅游指南。根据第一段When you go on a vacation……可知，本文介绍旅游度假时酒店的选择，所以出自旅游指南，故答案为D。
E
Artificial intelligence（人工智能）, or AI in short, is the science of giving computers and machines ability to think and work like humans. AI scientists and engineers have made a lot of cool technologies.
AI is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces. As a result, facial recognition（识别）is used a lot in the world. Chinese police use this technology to identify criminals（罪犯）.Once they caught a criminal when he attended a concert. It also checks the ID of ride-hailing（网约车）drivers and lets people pay for things with a smile.
AI is also used in self-driving cars, which are believed to be the future of driving. Most drivers may wave or nod at passers-by to let them cross the street, but self-driving cars don't have this ability. Carmakers are testing a light signal system to help them "speak" to humans. The system can show what self-driving cars will do. For example, if a driverless car is yielding（让路）, it will flash two white lights side to side. A rapidly flashing light tells passers-by that the car is about to speed up.
Service Robots also show you know powerful AI is. Imagine this—you come back home from school and your robot housekeeper is waiting for you at the door. After dinner, he teaches you to play the piano, just like a real music teacher. Such thoughts will soon happen in the real world. In the future, more and more service robots will become good home helpers.
AI is so powerful that it can help human beings and even replace us in many jobs.
（4）What can we learn from the passage
A．People use AI in many different ways.
B．AI will take the pace of human beings in all jobs.
C．Self-driving cars will be able to talk like humans.
D．A criminal was caught for inventing facial recognition.
推理判断。本文介绍人工智能的应用和前景。选项B中的all jobs与最后一句话many jobs不一致，所以排除；第三段第二句说self-driving cars don't have this ability，可知自动驾驶汽车不能像人一样说话，所以C错误；D项在第二段提到一个罪犯通过面部识别系统被抓住，而不是罪犯发明面部识别系统，故答案为A。
2019年深圳市中考真题
A
Sending packets, shopping for everyday goods and even building a house, these are new skills that new robots show at the World Robot Exhibition.
RoBohoN Scientists are recommending the latest talking robots. They can be highly intelligent in their responses. RoBohoN, just 10cm tall, makes a lively description of the Great Wall and the Palace Museum. It can speak Chinese, English or any other language you like.
Human Support This robot stands at 1m tall and looks like a container with arms. It provides much support to different places and keeps in touch with the outside world through the internet.
CarriRo CarriRo, in the shape of a toy bus, has friendly “eyes” on its front. It works as a postman and sends packages by rolling around the streets. It has a GPS to travel. The person who receives the package is sent a code to the smart phone to open the CarriRo and get the package.
27.Which Robot is the best helper to the old people’s homes
A. RoBohoN B. Human Support Robot
C.HRP-5P D. CarriRo
推断题；题干关键词为“best helper to old people’s home.”CD 选项的机器人分别用于建筑工地 “HRP-5P 部分第 2 句 HRP-5P looks like a strong builder.”和街道邮递CarriRo 部分第 2 句“It works as a postman and send packages”，可排除；而 RoBohoN 的主要作用是使用不同语言讲解和介绍世界 “make a lively description”，可排除；Human Support Robot 可以在不同地方给人们提供帮助，并且可以和外界联系，“It provides much support to different places and keeps in touch with the outside world through the Internet.” 因此可以帮助在家的老年人，故答案为B。
29. In which part of a newspaper can we find this passage
A. culture B. sports C. science D. people
推断题；文章在介绍四种不同的新款机器人，和科学技术有关，A.文化 B.运动 D.
人 故答案为C。
B
Alice Lee is a high school student studying at a private school. She is doing some voluntary work at an after-school program to help students from poor families.
On the first day of her work, she noticed that many kids were lining up for free sandwiches and fruits. She was surprised. One of the organizers explains that many of these students don’t get enough to eat at home. So a school lunch or an after-meal might be the most food they would get all the day. She has also been told that some hungry kids can receive free lunches, but others are only allowed reduced-price meals, and those students’ families have to pay for the part of their food.
Lee was shocked, she decided to offer help to those who are suffering from hunger, “I want other kids to understand that If you see a problem, you don’t have to wait to be an adult to fix it,” says Lee. She and a group of friends are using their programme skill to create a new app called Food of Thought, which will allow parents, students, and even kind-hearted strangers to donate money to lunch accounts for students in a nearby school.
32. What was she doing to help the poor kids
A. She taught them for free. B. She opened a lunch account.
C. She developed an app to help them. D. She offered free food.
推断题；文章第三段第三行提到 “she and a group of friends are using their programme skill to create a new app…” 她和一群朋友利用他们的编程技能开发了一个新的 app。故答案为 C。
D
UNNERS’ enthusiasm for the 2018 Shenzhen International Marathon was not diminished even though the sky was overcast yesterday morning, as 30,000 contestants from home and abroad gathered at the Civic Center square at 8 a.m. ready to hit the road.
The first runner to cross the finish line was Edwin Kipngetich Koech from Kenya, who finished the full-length marathon (42.195 kilometers) in 2 hours 9 minutes and 44 seconds. Koech took home a prize of US$20,000.
The runner-up prize went to an Ethiopian contestant, Bekele Muluneh Metaferia, who was only 56 seconds faster than the second runner-up, Samuel Ndungu Wanjiku, also from Kenya. Metaferia was awarded US$15,000, while Wanjiku received US$10,000.
The first woman to cross the finish line was Mulu Seboka Seyfu from Ethiopia. She finished in a time of 2 hours 27 minutes and 12 seconds, according to the organizer.
Kenyan runner Flomena Chepchirchir Chumba and Ethiopian runner Ashu Kasim Rabo finished in second and third place, respectively.
Evgeny Dekhtyar, a runner from Russia, said he really enjoyed the race and it was the second time that he had participated in the Shenzhen marathon. “The weather is superb for running a marathon because it is neither too cold nor too hot. Also, the views along Shennan Boulevard were beautiful. I really like the route,” said Dekhtyar.
Dekhtyar will also participate in the 2018 Shenzhen Bao’an International Marathon that is scheduled for Dec. 30. “I think a marathon is an amazing carnival in the city. People can exercise, have fun and break their personal records together,” he said.
Apart from the full-length marathon, the half-length marathon also attracted many participants to experience the fun of running. Some wanted to take the opportunity to improve their stamina and strength, while others wanted to enjoy themselves with friends and family.
41.Which statement is true about this passage
A. The best runners of this marathon are Africans.
B. Evgeny Dekhtyar reached the finish line at about a quarter to ten.
C. Bekele Muluneh Metaferia finished the marathon in 2 hours 10 minutes and 40 seconds.
D.The full-length marathon is for the men runners ,while the half-length marathon is for the women ones.
推断题，通过文章能推断出什么。非洲选手马拉松非常出色。
2020年深圳市中考真题
Good
news for art lovers! We have collected some information about the exhibitions
put on in Shenzhen this summer.
Frank Yang's
Artworks An exhibition showing late master Frank Yang's
old photos, letters, videos and landscape paintings is being held. Entry is
free. Dates: Until July 26. Venue: Guan Shanyue Art Museum, 6026 Hongli Road, Futian
District. Metro: Line 3 or 4. to Children's Palace Station, Exit B. Contemporary Art Chinese artists Wang Dawei and Li Xiao are
holding their exhibitions, featuring contemporary sound art and video art.
Entry is free. Dates: Until August 18. Venue: OCAT Shenzhen, South Area, OCT-LOFT, Nanshan District. Metro: Line 1 to Qiaocheng East Station, Exit A.
Cassie Chen's Photos Cassie Chen, a graduate of Tsinghua University, is exhibiting her photographic Works in
Shenzhen. Visitors can find photos on different themes. Entry is free. Dates: Until July 30. Venue: TC101 Exhibition Hall, 2001 Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District. Metro: Line 3 to Universiade. Station, ExitC. Future Art Chinese artist Sun Fangping is exhibiting
his works. Organizers hope that this series of exhibitions will explore the
direction and value of the future of art. Dates: Until August 31. Venue: Zhi Art Museum, Song' an Road Bao' an District. Metro: Ling 11 to Houting Station, Exit A and then take a
taxi.
（3）Which exhibitions can you choose if you are free on August 15
A．Contemporary Art and Future Art
B．Cassie Chen's Photos and Future Art.
C．Contemporary Art and Frank Yang's Artworks
D．Frank Yang's Artworks and Cassie Chen's Photos
推断题。根据题意，需要找出于8月15日后结束的展览，因Frank Yang's Artworks于7月26日结束，可排除； Cassie Chen's Photos于7月30日结束，也可排除；而Contemporary Art和Future Art分别于8月18日和8月31日结束，故选A。
（4）Where is the text probably taken from
A．A novel B．A story book
C．A newspaper D．A science magazine
推断题；因原文不涉及任何故事人物和故事情节，可排除A和B；且文章不涉及任何科学知识，可排除D；从原文第一句“Good news for art lovers! We have collected some information about the exhibition put on in Shenzhen this summer"可知该信息来源于报纸，故选C。
18．（2020·深圳）阅读理解
"Miss
Smith! What rough (粗糙的) hands Mary Jessup
has! "said Daisy Marvin, as she walked home from school with her teacher.
"In
my opinion, Daisy, Mary's hands are the prettiest in our class"
"Why
Miss Smith, they are as red and hard as they can be. How they would look if she
tried to play on a piano! "Daisy said.
Miss
Smith took Daisy's hands in hers, and said, "Your hands are very soft and
white, just the hands to look beautiful on a piano; yet they don't have one
beauty that Mary's hands do .Shall I tell you what the difference is ”
"Yes,
please, Miss Smith." Daisy looked at Miss Smith, with eyes wide open.
"Will,
Daisy, Mary's hands are very busy. They wash dishes; they make fires; they hang
out clothes, and help to wash them, too; they are always trying to help her
poor, hard-working mother."
Miss
Smith continued, "Besides, they wash and dress the children; they mend
their toys and dress their dolls; yet, they find time to bathe the head of the little
girl who is so sick in the next house to theirs."
"They
do good deeds (行为) to every living thing. I
have seen them patting the tired horse and the homeless dog in the street. They
are always ready to help those who need help."
"I
shall never think Mary's hands are ugly any more, Miss Smith." Daisy said
that with tears in eyes.
"I
am glad to hear you say that, Daisy; and I must tell you that they are
beautiful because they help others gladly and cheerfully."
"Oh,
Miss Smith! I feel so ashamed of myself and so sorry, "said Daisy, looking
into her teacher's face with shining eyes.
“My dear, beauty doesn't lie in how one looks but what he does."
（3）What can we infer (推断) from the passage
A．Mary's mother was lazy. B．Mary lived a comfortable life.
C．Miss Smith disliked Daisy, D．Daisy understood beauty better.
推断题。从文章中“they are always trying to help her poor, hard-working mother”可知，Mary妈妈井非懒情，可排除A；从文章“Mary's hands are very busy. They wash dishes; they hang out clothes, and help to wash them, too; they are always trying to help poor, hard-working mother”可知Mary生活不易，可排除B；定位原文“I am glad to hear you say that, Daisy.”可知，Miss Smith并不讨厌Daisy，她对于Daisy态度的改变感到非常欣慰，可排除C；Daisy一开始认为Mary的手丑，后对于Mary的手改观了，可以推断出Daisy对美有了更深的认识，故选D。
20．（2020·深圳）阅读理解
Teens
and kids are reading a lot less for fun, according to a recent report.
Although
the decline (下降) in the past ten years is
very surprising for teen readers, some data (数据) in the
report shows that reading is still a big part of many children's lives.
According
to the report, the number or teens who hardly read has gone up from 8 percent
to 25 percent today. The report data shows that kids' reading ability remains
almost the same. However, the amount of reading time has fallen, from about an
hour every day to half an hour.
As
for children's e-reading, the report mentions little about its effects. But it
says that many parents choose to control the time spent on e-books, mainly
because they are worried about the increased screen time. After all, it is
important to protect their kids' eyes.
The
most helpful part in the report is parents' effects on their children. It shows
that parents are examples and important guides for them in reading. If parents
read more and find more time如o read with
their children, it turns out that their children actually read more often.
As
summer vacation arrives, parents might take this chance to step in, make a
reading list and enjoy the pleasant family reading time.
（2）Why do many parents control e-reading
A．It can waste kids' time. B．E-books are not so important.
C．It can harm kids' health. D．E-books are a waste of money.
推断题。题干关键词为“parents control e-reading” 。由原文第二段关键句“... parents choose to control the time spent on e-books, mainly because they are worried about the increased screen time. After all, it is important to protect their kids' eyes”可知，对于阅读电子书，家长更担心的是会对孩子的用眼健康造成伤害，故答案为C。
（3）How should parents encourage children's reading
A．By making reading plans. B．By setting good examples.
C．By praising kids' reading. D．By offering different books.
推断题。由文章“It shows that parents are examples and important guides for them in reading. If parents read more and find more time to read with their children, it tums out that their children actually read more often.”可知，当家长能够树立好榜样，多花时间在阅读上，孩子们就会跟着一起养成良好的阅读习惯，故答案为B
21．（2020·深圳）阅读理解
The
Taojinshan Greenway (绿道) in Shenzhen has been
open to citizens since July, 2019. Sitting at the west side of Shenzhen
Reservoir, it is as long as 7.07 kilometers.
With
plants along both sides and lakes lying at different sites, tourists can enjoy
wonderful scenery all the way. If they are tired, they are free to take a rest
at the 3 stops that were built for breaks. Additionally, five unused guard posts
(岗享) along the old route have remained.
They serve as sightseeing platforms for visitors to feel the cultural spirit
behind the place.
Of
all its 13 scenic spots, 8 were designed to have Al helpers. From them,
visitors can gain information on parking, tour guide services and more. The
smart greenway, with free Wi-Fi available, also provides environmental date,
such as temperature, wind speed and air quality. What's more, it can give
visitors wamings of coming extreme (极端的)
weather and natural disasters, including rainstorms and typhoons that may hit
Shenzhen.
"Started
in the middle of 2015, the building process of the Taojinshan Greenway has
taken good care of de wildlife and environment nearby" said Yang Shiming,
an offcial in charge of the project."
The
greenway is an example of construction projects without doing harm to the
nature. It also shows the role that technology plays in building a smart
greenway for more life convenience."
（4）What can we learn from this passage
A．It is interesting to use Al helpers.
B．It is important to build greenways.
C．It is possible to balance nature and construction.
D．It is unnecessary to worry about terrible weather.
推理判断题（全文）。根据最后一段的中心句“The greenway is an example of construction projects without doing harm to the nature”（绿道工程就是在不伤害大自然的前提下开展建筑工程的最好范例）可知，C选项和原文想要表达的想法最为接近，故答案为C。
2021年深圳市中考真题
（2021·深圳）阅读理解
Shashiyu was once a
poor village in Hebei Province, but now it has changed into a rich and livable
place.
In the 1940s,
villagers in Shashiyu had little food and few clothes, but they had a strong
wish for a better life. Zhang Guishun, the Party secretary of Shashiyu,
encouraged his villagers to do their best to pull themselves out of poverty.
"In the ancient Chinese story, Yu Gong could move mountains with his
strong will and hard work, why can't we Nobody was born to be poor " Hearing
his words, the villagers decided to make a difference.
Led by the Communist
Party of China (中国共产党), the villagers carried
water and soil to their village from faraway places to improve their land. From
1966 to. 1971, they reclaimed (开垦) lots of land and
greatly improved their life.
However, the village
encountered a new problem two decades later as the environment became heavily
polluted by chemical plants and mine refineries built in 1990s.
The polluting
factories were shut down in 2004, and villagers started grape cultivation,
which soon became a main industry in Shashiyu.
In 2009, the city-level
government invested over 1 million yuan($152, 723) to change the village's
exhibition hall into a museum in memory of development efforts made by earlier
generations.
After 10 years, the
village was called "National Forest Village".
Zhang said that the
village started a yearly tourism festival in 2015 to attract travelers to pick
grapes. "The grapes could be sold at a better price once Shashiyu becomes
famous through this festival. Our villagers can then live even better lives,
"he said.
13．Which word can be used to describe the villagers
A．Hard-working. B．Lazy. C．Kind-hearted. D．Stupid.
推理判断题。根据第三段 "Led by the Communist Party of China, the villagers carried water and soil to their village from faraway places to improve their land. From 1966 to 1971, they reclaimed lots of land and greatly improved their life. "可知村民们是勤奋的。故选A。
14．When was Shashiyu called "National Forest Village"
A．In 2009. B．In 2004. C．In 2015. D．In 2019.
推理判断题。根据第六段 "In 2009, the city-level government invested ..."和第七段 "After 10 years, the village was called "National Forest Village". "可知在2019年，沙市峪被称为“国家森林村”。故选D。
15．Where can you probably read the passage
A．In a storybook. B．In a newspaper.
C．Ina sports magazine. D．In a science book
推理判断题。本文主要讲述河北省的贫困村沙市峪在中国共产党的领导下，在全体村民的努力下发生的变化。这是一篇新闻报道，因此可能在报纸上看到。故选B。
（2021·深圳）阅读理解
When I was a girl
growing up, I cannot once ever remember either my mum or my grandma wasting
food.
Anything we didn't eat
at one meal was leftovers (剩菜). I can
remember my grandma making a huge pot of potatoes. We would all eat until we
were full enough, but there were always about half of the potatoes leftover. A
few days later, Grandma would take those potatoes out of the fridge, boil some
noodles, add some vegetables and mix them all together. And I also remember
when I watched my mum fry bacon (煎培根) for us in the mornings,
she would always take the oil carefully and pour it into a bottle. Then she
would use it later to add flavor to so many other dishes. I was an adult before
I realized that potatoes didn't actually taste like bacon!
I learned their
lessons well, and after I grew up, I tried to never waste food myself. I always
planned the week's meals ahead of time and only bought what was on my shopping
list so that nothing went to waste. Every meal went into our stomachs and any
leftovers were later eaten by either myself my boys, my husband or my dogs. To
me, throwing food into the bin was just wrong.
However, when it comes
to living, there are no leftovers. Life is just like a feast. Each moment that you don't live is lost forever. Life
cannot be saved or stored. Each day is a fresh beginning. Live each moment of
your life to the fullest, then.
20．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．It is never too old to learn.
B．Eat to live, but not live to eat.
C．Neither food nor life should be wasted.
D．There is no such thing as a free lunch.
推理判断题。根据第三段 I learned their lessons well, and after I grew up, I tried to never waste food myself. 和最后一段 Life cannot be saved or stored. 可知食物和生命都不能浪费。故选C。
（2021·深圳）阅读理解
Can plants talk
Modern research has found something amazing: they do communicate with each
other.
It has been known for
some time that plants use chemicals to conunicate with each other. This happens
when a plant gets atacked by insects. The plant gives out chemicals from the
leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help:" I'm
being attacked!" When another plant gets the chemicals, it starts to give
out its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away.
Others attract the wasps (黄蜂；蜜蜂)! The
wasps kill the insects that are eating the plants. Scientists hope to learn
more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow more crops.
More surprisingly,
plants also use sound to communicate. People can't hear these sounds; but
plants are making them. Some plants make noises with their and chili
plants do this. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water.
Most surprisingly of
all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant
in a forest. Scientists call this system the "wood wide web". The
wood wide web is linked underground by fungi (霉菌).
It links the roots of different plants to each other. It is in some ways
similar to the Internet we use. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information
and even food with each other. However, it may lead to bad effects. Plants may
use it to steal food from each other, or spread chemicals to attack other
plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a "firewall"
to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web.
Scientists are
learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each
other. Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able
to "talk" with them ourselves.
23．What is the writer's intention of the last paragraph
A．To give people hope for further studies.
B．To praise scientists for their great achievements.
C．To call on people to protect the plants on Earth.
D．To inspire people to communicate with plants.
推理判断题。根据第一段 Can plants talk Modern research has found something amazing: they do communicate with each other. 可知第一段主要介绍植物会说话；根据第二段 It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to conunicate with each other. ，第三段 More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. 和第四段 Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. 可知这三段主要讲述了植物说话的三种方式；根据最后一段 Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to "talk" with them ourselves. 可知作者提出了继续研究的希望。故选A。
24．What is the structure of the passage
A．
B．
C．
D．
推理判断题。根据最后一段 Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to "talk" with them ourselves.也许有一天我们会对植物交流有足够的了解，从而能够自己与它们“交谈”。可知作者想给人们继续研究的希望。故选B。
2022年深圳市中考真题
二、阅 读 理 解(共15小题，每小题1.5分)
（2022·深圳）阅下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
At 9 o'clock on December 10th, 2021, with the sound of a whistle(哨), train G2197 slowly ran out of Ganzhou West Station and headed south to Shenzhen North Station. This marked the opening of the Ganzhou-Shenzhen high-speed railway, which includes 14 stations, with a total length of 436 kilometers. The total travel time between the two cities has been cut from 6 hours to 2 hours.
The building of the Ganshen high-speed railway was filled with challenges. As the railway travels through the mountainous areas of southern Jiangxi and northern Guangdong, workers had to be careful with many cultural landscapes(风景)and protection areas. When it was completed, 323 bridges and 157 tunnels( 隧 道 )were built, taking up 90% of the total length.
By taking the new route, it is convenient for passengers to visit the beautiful places along the line. For example, you can walk into the Shenzhen Museum to review the city's development, go to Heyuan to experience the amazing Wanlv Lake, or explore the ancient Tongtian Rock Caves in Ganzhou.
Ganzhou is known as the "Orange Capital of the World". With the high-speed railway's operation, more travellers from Guangdong have arrived and Ganzhou oranges are getting more popular.
"It used to take me six hours to drive home on Fridays, but now I can get home in time to pick up my child from school. What's more, I can even drop him off at school on Monday mornings before I go to work, "said Chen Yu, a Ganzhou local who works in Shenzhen.
Chen's life is a typical one that has changed with the railway. More and more wonderful changes along the high-speed railway are taking place.
12．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．The tunnels cover 90 % of the railway.
B．It was very difficult to build the railway.
C．157 bridges were built along the railway.
The railway passes through northern Jiangxi.
推理判断题，根据句子The building of the Ganshen high-speed railway was filled with challenges. 赣深高铁的建设充满了挑战。可推知赣深高铁的建设难度很大，故选B。
13．What is the purpose of paragraph 3
A．To introduce places of interest.
B．To share travelling experiences.
C．To review the history of Ganzhou.
D．To celebrate the success of Shenzhen.
推理判断题，根据句子By taking the new route, it is convenient for passengers to visit the beautiful places along the line. 通过这条新路线，乘客可以方便地游览沿途的美景。可推知第三段主要目的是通过这条新路向，向乘客介绍沿途的风景，故选A。
14．What do we know about Chen Yu
A．He is an orange farmer. B．He is a local in Shenzhen.
C．His child lives in Ganzhou. D．His working place has changed.
推理判断题，根据句子but now I can get home in time to pick up my child from school. What's more, I can even drop him off at school on Monday mornings before I go to work, "said Chen Yu, a Ganzhou local who works in Shenzhen. 但现在我可以及时回家接孩子放学了。更重要的是，我甚至可以在周一早上上班前送他去学校，”在深圳工作的赣州人陈宇说。可推知陈宇的孩子在赣州，故选C。
15．What kind of text is this
A．A short story. B．A travel diary.
C．A train timetable. D．A news report.
推理判断题，根据句子Chen's life is a typical one that has changed with the railway. More and more wonderful changes along the high-speed railway are taking place. 陈的生活是一个典型的随着铁路而改变的人。高速铁路沿线正在发生越来越多的奇妙变化。结合文章高铁的发展对人们的生活的改变，可推知这是一篇新闻报道，故选D。
（2022·深圳）阅下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I took up baking(烘焙)when I was twelve. At that time I was working on my school bakery project with my classmates. I tried a few times, but I wasn't very successful. My parents. advised I learn from my grandmother, who later gave me her recipe(食谱)and instruction as well. After two years' practice, I was able to make delicious bread. I have come to realize making bread means a lot to me although it takes a long time.
To make bread, others usually use quick-rise yeast(酵母), but I don't. Every Saturday morning, after mixing proper amount of water with flour, sugar etc, I take time to wait for the dough to rise. This is my way to slow down and smell the roses.
Baking does require great patience. In my hands, the dough is slowly growing. It's becoming softer. I can feel the change, which connects me to something quite different from the modern way of living. To me, making bread is a push against our culture of convenience. It certainly takes more time than buying bread from a store, but I enjoy it.
I've stuck with my grandmother's recipe without making any change. Now this tradition has continued for years. Sometimes, in order to fit it in, I have to change my schedule. But I have never considered giving it up.
By the time my children get home from school, the bread has been baked and cooled. They step into the house and the first thing they do is to take a deep breath of the warm, honeyed air. My bread-baking has also helped them to slow down and understand the value of taking their time and leading an unhurried life.
18．Which word best describes life in modern times according to the writer
A．Relaxing. B．Exciting. C．Fast. D．Happy.
推理判断题，根据句子My bread-baking has also helped them to slow down and understand the value of taking their time and leading an unhurried life. 我的面包烘焙也帮助他们放慢了脚步，明白了花时间过一种不慌不忙的生活的价值。可知作者通过自己制作面包的慢工艺与现在生活的对比，可推知现在生活时快节奏的，故选C。
19．What does the underlined "it" in paragraph 4 refer to
A．The recipe. B．The plan. C．The change D．The tradition.
推理判断题，根据句子Now this tradition has continued for years. Sometimes, in order to fit it in, I have to change my schedule. But I have never considered giving it up. 现在这个传统已经延续了很多年。有时候，为了适应它，我不得不改变我的时间表。但我从未考虑过放弃。可知此处是指传统延续了很多年，所以从未考虑放弃的是这份传统，故选D。
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