资源简介 湖南省多校2023-2024学年高三下学期4月大联考英语（试题卷）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试题卷上无效。3. 本试题卷共11页，67小题，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。如缺页，考生须及时报告监考老师，否则后果自负。4. 考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。祝你考试顺利！第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. When will the woman meet the staff manager A. At 9:30. B. At 11:00. C. At 12:40.2. Where are the speakers A. At home. B. At the park. C. At an art exhibition hall.3. How much will the woman pay in total A. $75. B. $150. C. $200.4. How does the man feel now A. Refreshed. B. Excited. C. Regretful.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about A. Bathing a dog. B. Cleaning the room. C. Planning family activities.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why does the woman ask the man to move A. The table needs to be cleaned.B. The man isn’t buying anything.C. The table is reserved for someone else.7. How does the man feel in the end A. Angry. B. Relieved. C. Understanding.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Why is the man at the supermarket today A. To do some shopping. B. To carry out a survey. C. To meet the owner.9. What change did the owner make to the supermarket last year A. The location. B. The name. C. The manager.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What is the main topic of the conversation A. A gift. B. A party. C. A dessert.11. Which room will the speakers meet in A. The kitchen. B. The dining room. C. The bedroom.12. What will the speakers probably do next A. Share some cake. B. Go to their friends’ house. C. Play a hiding game outside.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Where does the woman work A. At an airport. B. In a hotel. C. In a travel agency.14. What month is it now A. February. B. March. C. April.15. What does the woman tell the man A. There are few flights to choose.B. She can’t arrange accommodation for him.C. Holidays in the Australian Outback are less popular.16. When will the man and his wife leave for Alice Springs A. On the 10th. B. On the 16th. C. On the 18th.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is the purpose of the talk A. To advertise the shop.B. To tell the listeners to be kind.C. To call on the listeners to donate to the girl.18. Why do people use the shop A. It is convenient. B. It is cheap. C. It has different products.19. What did the speaker get from the girl A. Seven coins. B. A little toy horse. C. A plastic hand chain.20. How did the speaker feel in the end A. Guilty. B. Delighted. C. Disappointed.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABOOKS THAT CHANGED MY LIFESusie Dent is Britain’s most-loved word expert. She has two new books: Interesting Stories About Curious Words (John Murray) and Roots of Happiness (Puffin), both available now.Le Grand Meaulnes by Alain FournierThis was the first book that really stopped me in my tracks. I lapped up its romantic but melancholy (忧郁的) story of the dreamy world between childhood and adolescence. I’ve never found as acute a description of longing as I did here, and for many things: for the mysterious castle, for love, and for freedom. It is an mysterious and dreamy book. What adds to the magic is that this was the only story that Fournier wrote—he died on the front line in the early months of the First World War.The Oxford English DictionaryIf I could take just one book to a desert island it would (of course) be the complete Oxford English Dictionary —all 20 volumes. It may sound predictable, but the OED is anything but. In its pages you’ll find comedy, passion, tragedy, and thousands of hidden stories. Even the simplest of words have had quite a journey— “nice”, for example, has gone from meaning “stupid” to “pleasant”. Add to that a host of words that have unaccountably disappeared when—to my mind—we could really do with them, and you have entertainment forever. And which of us hasn’t met an “ultracrepidarian”: one who loves to talk about something they know nothing about Maus and Maus II by Art SpiegelmanThe graphic novels Maus and Maus Ⅱ by the American cartoonist Art Spiegelman are not easy reads, but they’re important ones. They’re really a tale within a tale, in which the narrator (叙述者) interviews his father about his experiences of the Holocaust and his liberation from a concentration camp. Here the Nazis are drawn as cats, and Jews are mice. Overarching it all is an unforgettable tale of a son’s relationship with his broken father. Given that German has always been my first love, it felt necessary to read these books. Spiegelman takes the unspeakable and gives it an immediacy I’ll never forget.1. What is the probable purpose of this text A. To recommend and classify. B. To encourage and enrich.C. To introduce and inform. D. To memorize and alarm.2. How does The Oxford English Dictionary change Susie’s life A. It inspires her to write stories. B. It helps her describe something particular.C. It fuels her passion for referring to a dictionary. D. It entertains her with the development of language.3. What is Maus and Maus Ⅱmost probably about A. German geography. B. Unexplained tales.C. Adapted life story. D. Parent-child relationship.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C【解析】【导语】本文节选自 Readers’Digest，介绍了作家 Susie Dent 推荐的三本书。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据标题 BOOKS THAT CHANGED MY LIFE” 以及第一段中“She has two new books: Interesting Stories About Curious Words (John Murray) and Roots of Happiness (Puffin), both available now.(她有两本新书：约翰·默里(John Murray)的《关于好奇单词的有趣故事》和海芬(Puffin)的《幸福之根》，目前都已上市。)”可以推测，作者不仅推荐了三本改变她人生的书，还给两本新书打了广告，因此推断目的是介绍和告知读者信息。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段内容，尤其是“Add to that a host of words that have unaccountably disappeared when—to my mind—we could really do with them, and you have entertainment forever. And which of us hasn’t met an “ultracrepidarian”: one who loves to talk about something they know nothing about ( 再加上一大堆莫名其妙地消失了的词，在我看来，我们真的可以用它们，这样你就永远有娱乐活动。我们谁没见过“超级爬虫主义者”呢？他们喜欢谈论自己一无所知的事情。)”可知，牛津词典以其语言的发展使她感到愉快，故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“They’re really a tale within a tale, in which the narrator(叙述者) interviews his father about his experiences of the Holocaust and his liberation from a concentration camp.(它们真的是一个故事中的故事，叙述者采访了他的父亲，讲述了他对大屠杀的经历，以及他从集中营解放出来的经历。)”可推断，Maus and Maus Ⅱmost改编的人生故事。故选C。BAkira Toriyama, one of Japan’s leading comics authors, whose manga (漫画) “Dragon Ball” achieved worldwide success with its mix of comedic characters and rousing martial arts battles, died on March 1. He was 68.Mr. Toriyama’s body of work is recognizable far beyond Japan’s borders, having influenced generations of manga artists and cartoonists. His best-known work, “Dragon Ball”, follows a young boy named Son Goku who starts a journey to collect the seven magical balls that summon (召唤) a wish-granting dragon. Since its creation in the 1980s, it has spanned 42 volumes, sold millions of copies worldwide and become one of the most famous manga, inspiring television, film and video game adaptations.Throughout his career, Mr. Toriyama said in a 2013 interview with the Japanese newspaper The Asahi Shimbun, he did not care if his work did anything besides entertaining its readers. He was, he suggested, unlike “other manga artists concerned about conveying moral messages”.When “Dragon Ball” was first published in 1984, it was an immediate hit, becoming one of the best-selling manga series of all time. It sold more than 260million copies worldwide, according to Toei Animation, the studio that produced the anime adaptation. “Dragon Ball” was serialized in the Japanese magazine Weekly Shonen Jump until 1995. In the year after the series ended, the magazine lost about one million of its six million readers, according to “A History of Modern Manga”.A productive manga artist, Mr. Toriyama did not necessarily have an appetite for this genre as a reader. “I have always had a hard time reading manga, including my own work,” he said in a 2018 interview with Kiyosu City Public Library. He led a private life and gave few interviews. In a 2013 interview with the Japanese singer and actress Shoko Nakagawa, he said that he did not even share all his work with his family. “To tell you the truth, no one in my family has ever seen ‘Dragon Ball’,” he said, laughing. “I am also a hikikomori,” he added, using the Japanese word for a recluse (隐居者). But his stories continued to reach fans around the world years after their creation.4. Where can you find this article most probably A. A news report. B. An autobiography.C. A manga introduction. D. A funeral speech.5. According to Mr. Toriyama, how is his manga different from the others A. It is classical. B. It is engaging.C. It is advanced. D. It is educational.6. What influence did “Dragon Ball” have on Weekly Shonen Jump A. A thickened size of each issue. B. A leading magazine worldwide.C. A period of increase in readership. D. A record holder in manga history.7. What can best describe Mr. Toriyama’s personality according to the text A. Unworldly and genuine. B. Imaginative and flexible.C. Innocent and well-informed. D. Knowledgeable and courageous.【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文主要接受了漫画艺术家Akira Toriyama和代表著作“Dragon Ball”【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Akira Toriyama, one of Japan’s leading comics authors, whose manga(漫画) “Dragon Ball” achieved worldwide success with its mix of comedic characters and rousing martial arts battles, died on March 1. He was 68.”（日本著名漫画作家Akira Toriyama于3月1日去世，他的漫画《七龙珠》以其喜剧角色和激动人心的武术战斗在世界范围内取得了成功。享年68岁。）可知，短文来自新闻报道。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Throughout his career, Mr. Toriyama said in a 2013 interview with the Japanese newspaper The Asahi Shimbun, he did not care if his work did anything besides entertaining its readers.”（ Toriyama先生在2013年接受日本《朝日新闻》采访时说，在他的整个职业生涯中，他不在乎自己的作品除了娱乐读者之外是否还有其他作用）可知，根据Toriyama先生的说法，他的漫画与其他漫画不同处在于他的漫画能使人愉快。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段““Dragon Ball” was serialized in the Japanese magazine Weekly Shonen Jump until 1995. In the year after the series ended, the magazine lost about one million of its six million readers, according to “A History of Modern Manga”.（“Dragon Ball”在日本杂志Weekly Shonen Jump连载至1995年。据《现代漫画史》称，在该系列完结后的一年里，该杂志的600万读者中流失了约100万。）可知，“Dragon Ball”对Weekly Shonen Jump的影响是它使读者增加。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“I have always had a hard time reading manga, including my own work”（我一直很难阅读漫画，包括我自己的作品）以及“To tell you the truth, no one in my family has ever seen ‘Dragon Ball’（ 说实话，我家没人看过‘Dragon Ball’）以及“He led a private life and gave few interviews.”（ 他过着自己的生活，很少接受采访）可知，Toriyama是脱俗的且很真诚。故选A项。CThere are a lot of good and logical reasons not to say what you think, especially when others disagree. Offending people isn’t nice, and it can lead to social consequences. Nodding along might seem practical or charitable, despite the fact that you are screaming disagreement on the inside. However, the true act of charity is to say what you really think. Your committing to complete honesty can be an act of love.One of my friends takes honesty to the extreme. He calls talks with others that get to the complete truth of things, even difficult admissions in views, “love conversations”. Once two people have such a conversation, his theory goes, they can understand each other and act accordingly. As a philosophical matter, my friend’s belief of “love conversations” is Kantian. The German philosopher Kant argued that lying to others prevents them from making choices based on the truth, which is contradictory with friendship and love.In the 1990s, Brad Blanton argued when the truth is hard to accept, telling it can have costs, including social disapproval and broken relationships. But it is worth the consequences because it can reduce stress, deepen connections with others, and reduce emotional reactivity.Both sides can’t be right here. Either Kant, Blanton, and my friend are embracing a faulty theory, or our society is missing a big opportunity for moral growth. You might say that little white lies are a society lubricant (润滑剂). They can even seem virtuous. After telling a white lie, I sometimes pat myself on the back, turning my evil into a virtue inside my own head. Some lies might make life easier, but they don’t necessarily make life happier. I wouldn’t want my wife to tell me what she thinks I want to hear, as if we were strangers avoiding conflict, and finding out that she had done so would make me feel distrusted and therefore hurt our relationship. I don’t want a stranger to tell me she likes my writing if she doesn’t, because unreal compliments make me suspicious.8. What can we learn from “my friend” in Paragraph 2 A. He admits other’s views with great honest. B. He practices Kant’s philosophical theories.C. He loves to discuss philosophy with others. D. He prevents himself from difficult choices.9. Brad Blanton found telling the truth ________.A. stressful and emotional B. unacceptable and harmfulC. thoughtless but courageous D. challenging but deserving10. Why is his wife mentioned in the last paragraph A. To distinguish his wife from a stranger. B. To show his wife’s honesty and virtue.C. To argue for the importance of frankness. D. To stress avoiding suspicion in marriage.11. Which statement does the author probably agree with A. Telling the truth can be an act of love. B. The route to happier life lies in lies.C. Little white lies are actually virtuous. D. Our society is being corrupted by lies.【答案】8 B 9. D 10. C 11. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文论述了在生活中说真话的重要性。作者认为，哪怕和别人观点不同，哪怕惹怒他人，我们应该坚持说真话，以免误导他人做出错误判断。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“As a philosophical matter, my friend’s belief of “love conversations” is Kantian. The German philosopher Kant argued that lying to others prevents them from making choices based on the truth, which is contradictory with friendship and love.(作为一个哲学问题，我朋友对“爱的对话”的信仰是康德式的。德国哲学家康德认为，对别人撒谎会阻碍他们根据真相做出选择，这与友谊和爱情是矛盾的)”可知，“我的朋友”实践康德的哲学理论。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“In the 1990s, Brad Blanton argued when the truth is hard to accept, telling it can have costs, including social disapproval and broken relationships. But it is worth the consequences because it can reduce stress, deepen connections with others, and reduce emotional reactivity.(上世纪90年代，布拉德·布兰顿认为，当真相难以接受时，说出真相可能会有代价，包括社会的反对和关系的破裂。但这样做是值得的，因为它可以减轻压力，加深与他人的联系，减少情绪反应)”可知，布拉德·布兰顿发现说真话具有挑战性，但是值得。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Some lies might make life easier, but they don’t necessarily make life happier. I wouldn’t want my wife to tell me what she thinks I want to hear, as if we were strangers avoiding conflict, and finding out that she had done so would make me feel distrusted and therefore hurt our relationship. I don’t want a stranger to tell me she likes my writing if she doesn’t, because unreal compliments make me suspicious.(有些谎言可能会让生活更轻松，但不一定会让生活更快乐。我不希望我妻子告诉我她认为我想听的话，就好像我们是避免冲突的陌生人，发现她这样做会让我感到不被信任，从而伤害我们的关系。我不希望一个陌生人告诉我她喜欢我的作品，如果她不喜欢的话，因为不真实的赞美会让我产生怀疑)”可推知，最后一段提到了他的妻子是为了论证坦率的重要性。故选C。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Your committing to complete honesty can be an act of love.(你对完全诚实的承诺可以是一种爱的行为)”可知，作者认为说实话可能是一种爱的行为。故选A。DP. H. Hanes, founder of HanesBrands, came up with retail price in the 1920s. That allowed him to use ads in publications across America to discourage distributors from unfairly raising the price of his knitted underwear. Even today many American shopkeepers stick to manufacturers’ recommended prices, as much as they would love to raise them to offset the inflationary (通货膨胀) pressures on their other costs. A growing number, though, resort to more complicated pricing techniques.Getting retail price right can be tricky. Set prices too high and you risk losing customers; set them too low and you leave money on the table. Retailers have historically used rules of thumb, such as adding a fixed margin (差额) on top of costs or matching what competitors charge. As energy, labour and other inputs go through the roof, they can no longer afford to treat pricing as an afterthought. To gain an edge, shopkeepers have been turning to price-optimisation systems.At their core are mathematical models that use deal data to estimate price flexibility—how much demand increases as the price falls and vice versa—for thousands of products. Price-sensitive items can then be discounted and price-insensitive ones marked up. Merchants can fine-tune the algorithms (算法) to prevent undesirable outcomes.These systems are becoming cleverer thanks to advances in artificial intelligence(AI). The latest crop of AI-powered ones can spot patterns and relationships between multiple items. Makers of pricing software are incorporating new data sources into their models, from customers’ tweets to online product reviews, says Doug Fuehne of Pricefx, one such firm. In February Starbucks, a chain of coffee shops, boasted about its use of analytics and AI to model pricing “on an ongoing basis”. US Foods, a food distributor, praised its pricing system’s ability to use “over a dozen different inputs” to boost sales and profits.What pricing systems do not do is lead unavoidably to higher prices. Matt Pavich of Revionics, another pricing-software firm, calls this misconception “one of the biggest misunderstanding” about products like his. Sysco, a big food distributor which rolled out new pricing software last year, is a case in point. The firm says the system allows it to lower prices on “key value items”—as price-sensitive bestsellers are known in the trade—and raise them on other products. It can thus increase profits by expanding sales while maintaining margins.12. What does the expression “leave money on the table” in Paragraph 2 probably mean A. Do not match the competitor’s prices. B. Do not maintain a reasonable sales and profits.C. Do not address the pressure on extra expenses. D. Do not reach an agreement in price negotiation.13. How do the price-optimisation systems work A. Setting fixed prices for all products. B. Adjusting prices based on demands.C. Constructing discount models by AI. D. Capitalizing on customers’ social media data.14. What does Matt Pavich think of the price-optimisation system A. It hits the sweet point. B. It cuts a long story short.C. It runs counter to its target. D. It compares apples and oranges.15. What’s the best title for this text A. Fair or Unfair Price: Not a Question for AIB Price Setting AI: Maintaining Great BalanceC. Retail Price Evolves: From Experience to ScienceD. Technological Business: Companies Use AI to Set Prices【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。本文介绍了AI是如何辅助商品定价的。文章首先介绍了制造商的建议零售价的由来，接下来介绍了当今零售商们采用的价格优化系统的模式，再举例了几家采用AI辅助模式定价的公司。【12题详解】词句猜测题。根据前文“Getting retail price right can be tricky. Set prices too high and you risk losing customers(确定正确的零售格可能很棘手。价格定得太高，你就有失去客户的风险)”可知，此处在讲述确定正确的零售价格，高了有失去客户的风险，所以推知，后文应是定价过低就无法使利益最大化，所以leave money on the table应是“失去了赚钱的机会”之意，和B项意思相近。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“At their core are mathematical models that use deal data to estimate price flexibility—how much demand increases as the price falls and vice versa—for thousands of products. Price-sensitive items can then be discounted and price-insensitive ones marked up. Merchants can fine-tune the algorithms (算法) to prevent undesirable outcomes.(他们的核心是数学模型，利用交易数据来估计成千上万种产品的价格灵活性——价格下跌时需求增加多少，反之亦然。对价格敏感的商品可以打折，对价格不敏感的商品可以加价。商家可以对算法进行微调，以防止出现不良结果)”可知，价格优化系统是根据需求调整价格。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“What pricing systems do not do is lead unavoidably to higher prices. Matt Pavich of Revionics, another pricing-software firm, calls this misconception “one of the biggest misunderstanding” about products like his. Sysco, a big food distributor which rolled out new pricing software last year, is a case in point. The firm says the system allows it to lower prices on “key value items”—as price-sensitive bestsellers are known in the trade—and raise them on other products. It can thus increase profits by expanding sales while maintaining margins.(定价系统不会不可避免地导致更高的价格。另一家定价软件公司Revionics的马特 帕维奇(Matt Pavich)称这种误解是人们对他的产品“最大的误解之一”。大型食品分销商Sysco就是一个很好的例子，该公司去年推出了新的定价软件。该公司表示，该系统允许它降低“关键价值产品”的价格——这是业内对价格敏感的畅销书的叫法——并提高其他产品的价格。因此，它可以在保持利润率的同时扩大销售，从而增加利润)”可知，马特·帕维奇认为价格优化系统可以在保持利润率的同时扩大销售，从而增加利润，也就是这个系统是多方获益的，能达到完美的效果。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章第一段介绍了零售价的由来并且沿用至今。第二段介绍了定价的难度，传统模式依靠经验，现在越来越多零售商依靠定价系统。第三段介绍了定价系统的工作原理。第四段介绍了现今AI是如何辅助定价，并举例了几家采用了该系统的公司。第五段以Matt Pavich为代表，介绍了定价系统的优势。所以C项“Retail Price Evolves: From Experience to Science(零售价格的演变：从经验到科学)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Negative emotions have a bad reputation: they’re often seen as dangerous or destructive. ___16___ But research reveals that negative emotions are useful for people and important for a successful and satisfying life.In a recent study, we tested this idea for the case of anger. We designed a series of experiments with more than 1, 000 participants. We found that people who got mad first were more successful than the other participants. ___17___ When the goals were not challenging, getting angry did not improve outcomes.___18___ Here the story becomes more complicated. The findings do not mean that everyone should get angry in order to achieve their goals. But anger clearly can be useful in overcoming obstacles. Let us say, anger at a crashing computer could motivate someone to take it to a repair shop. But it could also motivate them to smash the computer on the floor. ___19___ Yet only one is truly beneficial. This complication in using our negative emotions contributes to their bad reputation. Fortunately, there is a lot of research on how to improve responses to negative emotions like anger. No doubt the best response is not to focus on what’s happening but to respond to achieve the desired outcome.Negative emotions aren’t bad. They are incredibly important indicators that significant events are taking place. ___20___A. But what does this mean for people’s life B. People try to avoid them, contain them or ignore them.C. Across our studies, anger helped achieve challenging goals.D. Both actions have removed the obstacle: the crashing computer.E. So the next time one happens, don’t push it away-pay attention.F. When you are angry, you experience physical and emotional pain.G. In the midst of anger, however, it can be very easy to make careless mistakes.【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. E【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要探讨了负面情绪，特别是愤怒，对人们应对挑战和障碍的影响。研究显示，理解并合理应对负面情绪对于成功和满意的生活至关重要。【16题详解】根据下文“But research reveals that negative emotions are useful for people and important for a successful and satisfying life. (但研究表明，负面情绪对人是有用的，对成功和满意的生活也很重要)”可知，前后句应为逻辑上的转折关系，上文应该是提到人们对负面情绪错误的做法。选项B“人们试图避开、遏制或忽视他们”和下文意思一致。故选B。【17题详解】根据下文“When the goals were not challenging, getting angry did not improve outcomes. (当目标没有挑战性时，生气并不能改善结果)”可知，上下文应该是对比的关系，上文提到当目标有挑战性时，生气能改善结果。选项C“在我们的研究中，愤怒有助于实现具有挑战性的目标”和下文意思一致。故选C。【18题详解】根据下文“Here the story becomes more complicated. The findings do not mean that everyone should get angry in order to achieve their goals. But anger clearly can be useful in overcoming obstacles. Let us say, anger at a crashing computer could motivate someone to take it to a repair shop. But it could also motivate them to smash the computer on the floor. (在这里，故事变得更加复杂。这些发现并不意味着每个人都应该为了实现自己的目标而生气。但愤怒显然有助于克服障碍。比方说，对电脑崩溃的愤怒可能会促使人们把它带到修理厂。但这也可能促使他们把电脑砸在地板上)”可知，下文对研究结果做进一步的说明，解释负面情绪对人们生活中的的作用。选项A“但这对人们的生活意味着什么”和下文意思一致。故选A。【19题详解】根据下文“Yet only one is truly beneficial. (然而只有一种做法是有益的)”可知，此空应是对上文的两种做法的一种总结。选项D“这两项行动都消除了障碍：电脑崩溃”总结上文，引出下文。故选D。【20题详解】根据上文“Negative emotions aren’t bad. They are incredibly important indicators that significant events are taking place. (消极情绪并不都是坏的。它们是非常重要的指标，表明正在发生重大事件)”可知，接下来文章要总结，有消极情绪的时候应该怎么做。选项E“所以下次发生这种情况时，不要把它推开，要注意”与上文逻辑连贯。故选E。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lobb and Jafri were queuing up for a lunchtime workout on Pier (码头) 15, overlooking the East River, when Lobb froze. What he saw was a person ___21___, lifeless. Before Jafri could respond, Lobb climbed over the ___22___ at the edge of the pier and jumped into the cold water. Jafri then took off his shoes and swan-dived.Approaching the ___23___ victim, Lobb saw that it was a middle-aged man. The ___24___ felt around, grasped the man and kicked ___25___ until they both resurfaced. Jafri was there now. They floated the man on his ___26___. As Jafri looped (环绕) his arms around the man’s shoulders and Lobb ___27___ the hips and knees, the pair undertook the slog (重担) back to Pier 15. Their lungs heaved (起伏) and ___28___ burned as they pushed and pulled the ___29___ figure through the cold water.On the pier, a crowd had gathered. From somewhere, the onlookers ___30___ a rope and a life preserver and threw them to Jafri and Lobb. The friends ___31___ the victim’s arm and head through the life preserver ring and tied the rope around him.With the two men pushing from below and the crowd pulling from above, the victim was pulled onto the pier. Both men, thoroughly ___32___ from 15-plus minutes in the water, watched as rescue workers loaded the ___33___ drowned man into an ambulance and ___34___. Lobb and Jafri never ___35___ who he was, what became of him or how he’d fallen into the river.21.A. crying B. swimming C. floating D. playing22.A. rail B. ship C. gym D. platform23.A. desperate B. frightened C. insensible D. nervous24.A. life coach B. rescuer C. onlooker D. emergency services25.A. upward B. off C. around D. forward26.A. hand B. back C. head D. stomach27.A. supported B. raised C. downgraded D. located28.A cells B. organs C. tissues D. muscles29.A. disabled B. uncooperative C. immobile D. misshapen30.A. tore B. produced C. imported D. organized31.A. circled B. fixed C. loaded D. worked32.A. exhausted B. abstracted C. depressed D. satisfied33.A. undoubtedly B. nearly C. fortunately D. obviously34.A. took in B. turned over C. pull away D. set forth35.A. appreciated B. emphasized C. recognized D. learned【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了洛布和贾夫里在15号码头排队准备午间锻炼时，发现了河里有一个漂着的人，于是两人跳进了冰冷的水中，救起了那个人。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看到的是一个人漂浮着，死气沉沉的。A. crying哭泣；B. swimming游泳；C. floating漂浮；D. playing玩耍。根据后文“jumped into the cold water”可知，指他看到一个人漂浮在河里。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：贾夫里还没来得及回应，洛布就爬过码头边上的栏杆，跳进了冰冷的水中。A. rail栏杆；B. ship船；C. gym体育馆；D. platform平台。根据后文“at the edge of the pier”以及上文“Lobb climbed over the”推测是爬过码头边上的栏杆，故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：走近那个失去知觉的溺水者时，洛布发现那是个中年男子。A. desperate绝望的；B. frightened害怕的；C. insensible昏迷的、没有知觉的；D. nervous紧张的。根据上文“lifeless”指男子失去知觉，故选C。【24题详解】考查名词（短语）辨析。句意：救助者摸了摸四周，抓住那个人，向上游，直到他们都浮出水面。A. life coach人生导师；B. rescuer救援者；C. onlooker旁观者；D. emergency services紧急服务。根据上文可知洛布就爬过码头边上的栏杆，跳进了冰冷的水中，即他是救援者。故选B。25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：救助者摸了摸四周，抓住那个人，向上游，直到他们都浮出水面。A. upward向上；B. off脱离；C. around围绕；D. forward向前。根据后文“until they both resurfaced”可知，后来才浮出水面，说明之前在水下向上游。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们使那人仰卧在水面上。A. hand手；B. back后背；C. head头；D. stomach胃。根据上文可知，男子漂浮在水里失去了意识，所以他们要让男子仰卧在水面上，即背部朝下，才能呼吸。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：贾夫里用双臂搂住那人的肩膀，洛布支撑着他的臀部和膝盖，两人艰难地回到了15号码头。A. supported支持；B. raised筹集；C. downgraded降级；D. located位于。根据后文“the hips and knees”指洛布支撑着他的臀部和膝盖，故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在冰冷的水中推着拉着这个一动不动的人，肺部剧烈起伏，肌肉剧烈燃烧。A. cells细胞；B. organs器官；C. tissues组织；D. muscles肌肉。根据后文“through the cold water”可知，指人体的肌肉会在寒冷的水中有灼烧感。故选D。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们在冰冷的水中推着拉着这个一动不动的人，肺部剧烈起伏，肌肉剧烈燃烧。A. disabled残疾的；B. uncooperative不合作的；C. immobile固定的、不动的；D. misshapen畸形的。根据上文“lifeless”可知，男子失去意识，一动不动。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：围观的人不知从什么地方掏出一根绳子和一个救生圈，扔给了贾弗里和洛布。A. tore撕开；B. produced拿出，产生；C. imported进口；D. organized组织。根据后文“a rope and a life preserver”指围观的人不知从什么地方掏出一根绳子和一个救生圈，应用动词produce表示“拿出”。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个朋友把溺水者的手臂和头穿过救生圈，把绳子绑在他身上。A. circled环绕；B. fixed固定；C. loaded装货；D. worked工作，（使）（身体某部位）抽动。根据后文“the victim’s arm and head through the life preserver ring”可知此处指把受害者的手臂和头穿过救生圈，应用work，表示（使）（身体某部位）抽动，故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在水里泡了15多分钟，两人都筋疲力尽，看着救援人员把这个差点淹死的人抬上救护车，然后开走了。A. exhausted疲惫的；B. abstracted心不在焉的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. satisfied满意的。根据后文“from 15-plus minutes in the water”可知，两人为了救人已经筋疲力尽了。故选A。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在水里泡了15多分钟，两人都筋疲力尽，看着救援人员把这个差点淹死的人抬上救护车，然后开走了。A. undoubtedly肯定；B. nearly几乎；C. fortunately幸运地；D. obviously显然。根据后文“drowned man into an ambulance”指这人差点淹死，故选B。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在水里泡了15多分钟，两人都筋疲力尽，看着救援人员把这个差点淹死的人抬上救护车，然后开走了。A. took in吸收；B. turned over交接；C. pull away移开；D. set forth提出。根据上文“drowned man into an ambulance”可知，这人被送上救护车然后拉走了，故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：洛布和贾夫里一直不知道他是谁，他后来怎么样了，他是怎么掉进河里的。A. appreciated感激；B. emphasized强调；C. recognized认出；D. learned学习，了解。根据后文“who he was, what became of him or how he’d fallen into the river”可知，指两人并不了解被救的人的情况。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everybody likes watching acrobats (杂技演员). The acts sometimes seem scary and dangerous, and there is thrill and wonder. ___36___ Chinese acrobatics troupes (表演团) travel internationally, they are not commonly seen by audiences outside the country. While in China you might want to see the ___37___ (amaze) feats of balance and skill.The acrobats developed their styles ___38___ (base) on traditional ancient arts such as dance, theater, martial arts, and magic shows and they are distinctive and incorporate traditional skills and physical exercises. Chinese acrobats tend to emphasize balance and extreme ___39___ (flexible) more than the troupes do in Russia or the West. This might be due to the influence of martial arts styles. Chinese acrobats ___40___ (intensive) practice timing and coordination. The individual performers practice to cooperate precisely. They use martial arts skills in ___41___ thrilling and sometimes comedic fashion. The Beijing Red Theater’s “Legend of Kungfu” show is an example. Many of the shows will have traditional Chinese music that is recorded or performed live by musicians ___42___ (play) traditional instruments. The costumes or the themes may ___43___ (draw) from a familiar opera. The acrobats may perform scenes from popular legends, stories, ___44___ novels of the ancient past such as The Monkey King. You might not recognize the story or the music, but you’ll still enjoy the sound, color, and ____45____ (usual) costumes.【答案】36. Though##Although##While37. amazing38. based 39. flexibility40. intensively41. a 42. playing43. be drawn44. or 45. unusual【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国杂技团的发展和现状。【36题详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管中国杂技团会出国巡演，但国外观众并不常见到他们。分析句子结构和意思可知，空处需要连词though/although/while，表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Though/Although/While。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：在中国的时候，你可能会想观看那些令人惊叹的平衡和技巧表演。空处需要用形容词amazing，意为“令人惊叹的”，修饰名词feats。故填amazing。【38题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：杂技演员在舞蹈、戏剧、武术和魔术表演等古代传统艺术的基础上发展了他们的风格，他们与众不同，融合了传统技能和体育锻炼。此处考查固定搭配be based on，意为“在……基础上”。故填based。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：与俄罗斯或西方的表演团相比，中国杂技演员往往更注重平衡和极端的灵活性。分析句子结构可知，空处需要名词flexibility，表示“灵活性”，作动词emphasize的宾语。故填flexibility。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：中国杂技演员集中练习时间和协调。分析句子结构可知，空处需要副词intensively修饰动词practice。故填intensively。【41题详解】考查固定短语。句意：他们以一种激动人心、有时甚至是滑稽的方式运用武术技巧。此处考查固定短语in a ... fashion，意为“以……的方式”。故填a。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多演出将有中国传统音乐，由演奏传统乐器的音乐家现场录制或表演。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，动词play是被修饰的名词musicians主动发出的动作，用现在分词形式表示主动，作后置定语。故填playing。【43题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：服装或主题可能取自一部熟悉的歌剧。分析句子结构可知，空处作句子谓语，动词draw和主语The costumes or the themes是动宾关系，用被动语态，空格前面是情态动词may，be动词用原形。故填be drawn。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：杂技演员可能会表演古代流行的传说、故事或小说中的场景，比如《西游记》。根据语意可知，空处需用并列连词or，表示前后几个名词的选择关系。故填or。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：你可能不熟悉故事和音乐，但你还是会喜欢那些声音、色彩和不寻常的服饰。根据语意可知，空处需用形容词unusual，意为“不同寻常的”，修饰后面的名词costumes。故填unusual。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，你的口语外教Joann请你们讨论决定是否以线上录制视频的方式开展英语演讲比赛。请你作为班级代表写一封邮件回复外教，要点如下：1. 最终观点；2. 陈述理由。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Joann,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Best regards,Li Hua【答案】范文：Dear Joann,On behalf of all the students in our class, I am writing to update you on the discussion regarding the decision to conduct the English speech competition through recorded videos.After careful consideration and a thorough debate, our class has unanimously agreed to proceed with the plan. There are several reasons behind our decision. First, recording students’ speeches would make it possible for every participant to showcase their skills without the pressure of stage fright. Moreover, recording videos offers flexibility in terms of time and location. Students can prepare and deliver their speeches at their convenience. This way, more students can participate and share their thoughts effectively.Thank you for initiating this discussion, Joann. We appreciate your support and look forward to making this competition successful and memorable.Best regards,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。口语外教Joann请你们讨论决定是否以线上录制视频的方式开展英语演讲比赛，要求考生作为班级代表写一封邮件回复外教Joann，并给出观点。【详解】1.词汇积累演讲：speech→lecture压力：pressure→stress一些：several→a few代表：on behalf of→representing2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Students can prepare and deliver their speeches at their convenience. This way, more students can participate and share their thoughts effectively.拓展句：Students can prepare and deliver their speeches at their convenience, which allows more students to participate and share their thoughts effectively.【点睛】[高分句型1] First, recording students’ speeches would make it possible for every participant to showcase their skills without the pressure of stage fright. (运用了it作形式宾语)[高分句型2] Moreover, recording videos offers flexibility in terms of time and location. (运用了动名词作主语)第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Susie Smith came home from school one day, and had no sooner entered the sitting room than she burst into tears.“What is the matter, my dear child ” said her mother, drawing her daughter to her side and smiling.“All our class must bring in compositions tomorrow morning, and I never, never can write one. We must write twelve lines at least, and I have written only a few words after trying nearly all the afternoon. See what work I have made of it!” sobbed Susie.Mrs. Smith took the rumpled (皱巴巴的) and tear-stained paper which Susie held in her hand, and glanced at what she had written. In a careful hand she had tried to write upon three themes: Time, Temperance, and Industry.Time is short. We should all improve our time.Temperance is a very useful thing.We should all be industrious if we wish to do anything in the world.These sentences were all she had written. Susie continued, “I can’t think of another word to say upon any of these subjects, and I know I shall have to go to school without a composition, for I won’t be so mean as to copy one from a book, or to ask you or papa to write one for me.”“That is right, my dear,” said her mother. “You will be far happier with a poor composition, if it is all your own, than with a fine one written by somebody else. But cheer up. You have not begun right—you have been trying to write upon subjects that you know nothing about. Run into the garden and play. I will call you in half an hour.” “But my composition,” began Susie. “Don’t think about your composition while you are gone,” said Mrs. Smith, “but have as pleasant a time as you can.”It seemed but a few minutes to Susie before she heard her mother’s voice calling her. She went into the house at once—her hands full of sweet flowers, and her cheeks rosy with exercise. “Now, Susie,” said her mother, “I want you to sit by the window with this nice sheet of paper and a pencil, and write something about what you can see.”“But my composition, mother,” said Susie, “when shall I begin that ” “Never mind your composition, my dear. Do this to please me, and we will talk about that by and by.” replied Mrs. Smith.注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Susie thought her mother’s request was a strange one.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“A composition!” exclaimed Susie. “Is that a composition ”___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】范文：Susie thought her mother’s request was a strange one. Nevertheless, she dutifully took the paper and pencil, sitting by the window as instructed. As she peered outside, the beauty of the blooming flowers and the gentle rustling of the leaves captivated her senses. Time seemed to slow down as she immersed herself in the tranquility of the garden. Suddenly, words began to flow effortlessly from her mind onto the paper. Just as she had reached the bottom of the page, her mother came in. “Well, Susie,” said her mother, with a smile. “How does that composition come on ”“A composition!” exclaimed Susie, “is that a composition ” She marveled at how the sights and sounds outside inspired her to express her thoughts in a way she never imagined. Her mother continued, “when you write about something you truly observe and feel connected to, the words come naturally. A composition was not just about writing for the sake of meeting a requirement but it was an opportunity for self-expression and creativity.” Susie chewed over her mother’s words carefully and read her composition again. With a newfound sense of excitement, she eagerly continued to put her thoughts into words, grateful for the lesson her mother had taught her.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了苏茜某天哭着回家，向妈妈说自己写不出作文。于是妈妈先让她去花园里玩耍，然后苏茜从中得到了灵感，最终完成了作文。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“苏茜觉得妈妈的要求很奇怪”可知，第一段可描写苏茜开始顺利地写作。②由第二段首句内容“‘一篇作文’苏茜叫道，‘那是作文吗？’”可知，第二段可描写苏茜对于自己写出作文感到惊讶，同时妈妈解释原因。2.续写线索：苏茜感到困惑——苏茜开始写作——苏茜完成写作——苏茜惊讶——母亲解释——苏茜感悟3.词汇激活行为类①沉浸于：immerse oneself in/be lost in②表达：express/extend③观察：observe/have a close-up view of情绪类①感谢：grateful/thankful②轻松地：effortlessly/easily【点睛】[高分句型1] She marveled at how the sights and sounds outside inspired her to express her thoughts in a way she never imagined. (运用了how引导宾语从句)[高分句型2] Time seemed to slow down as she immersed herself in the tranquility of the garden. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)听力 1—5 CCBCA 6—10 BCBAA 11—15 BACBA 16—20 CBACB湖南省多校2023-2024学年高三下学期4月大联考英语（试题卷）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试题卷上无效。3. 本试题卷共11页，67小题，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。如缺页，考生须及时报告监考老师，否则后果自负。4. 考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。祝你考试顺利！第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. When will the woman meet the staff manager A. At 9:30. B. At 11:00. C. At 12:40.2. Where are the speakers A. At home. B. At the park. C. At an art exhibition hall.3. How much will the woman pay in total A. $75. B. $150. C. $200.4. How does the man feel now A. Refreshed. B. Excited. C. Regretful.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about A. Bathing a dog. B. Cleaning the room. C. Planning family activities.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why does the woman ask the man to move A. The table needs to be cleaned.B. The man isn’t buying anything.C. The table is reserved for someone else.7. How does the man feel in the end A. Angry. B. Relieved. C. Understanding.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Why is the man at the supermarket today A. To do some shopping. B. To carry out a survey. C. To meet the owner.9. What change did the owner make to the supermarket last year A. The location. B. The name. C. The manager.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What is the main topic of the conversation A. A gift. B. A party. C. A dessert.11. Which room will the speakers meet in A. The kitchen. B. The dining room. C. The bedroom.12. What will the speakers probably do next A. Share some cake. B. Go to their friends’ house. C. Play a hiding game outside.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Where does the woman work A. At an airport. B. In a hotel. C. In a travel agency.14. What month is it now A. February. B. March. C. April.15. What does the woman tell the man A. There are few flights to choose.B. She can’t arrange accommodation for him.C. Holidays in the Australian Outback are less popular.16. When will the man and his wife leave for Alice Springs A. On the 10th. B. On the 16th. C. On the 18th.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is the purpose of the talk A. To advertise the shop.B. To tell the listeners to be kind.C. To call on the listeners to donate to the girl.18. Why do people use the shop A. It is convenient. B. It is cheap. C. It has different products.19 What did the speaker get from the girl A. Seven coins. B. A little toy horse. C. A plastic hand chain.20. How did the speaker feel in the end A. Guilty. B. Delighted. C. Disappointed.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABOOKS THAT CHANGED MY LIFESusie Dent is Britain’s most-loved word expert. She has two new books: Interesting Stories About Curious Words (John Murray) and Roots of Happiness (Puffin), both available now.Le Grand Meaulnes by Alain FournierThis was the first book that really stopped me in my tracks. I lapped up its romantic but melancholy (忧郁的) story of the dreamy world between childhood and adolescence. I’ve never found as acute a description of longing as I did here, and for many things: for the mysterious castle, for love, and for freedom. It is an mysterious and dreamy book. What adds to the magic is that this was the only story that Fournier wrote—he died on the front line in the early months of the First World War.The Oxford English DictionaryIf I could take just one book to a desert island it would (of course) be the complete Oxford English Dictionary —all 20 volumes. It may sound predictable, but the OED is anything but. In its pages you’ll find comedy, passion, tragedy, and thousands of hidden stories. Even the simplest of words have had quite a journey— “nice”, for example, has gone from meaning “stupid” to “pleasant”. Add to that a host of words that have unaccountably disappeared when—to my mind—we could really do with them, and you have entertainment forever. And which of us hasn’t met an “ultracrepidarian”: one who loves to talk about something they know nothing about Maus and Maus II by Art SpiegelmanThe graphic novels Maus and Maus Ⅱ by the American cartoonist Art Spiegelman are not easy reads, but they’re important ones. They’re really a tale within a tale, in which the narrator (叙述者) interviews his father about his experiences of the Holocaust and his liberation from a concentration camp. Here the Nazis are drawn as cats, and Jews are mice. Overarching it all is an unforgettable tale of a son’s relationship with his broken father. Given that German has always been my first love, it felt necessary to read these books. Spiegelman takes the unspeakable and gives it an immediacy I’ll never forget.1. What is the probable purpose of this text A. To recommend and classify. B. To encourage and enrich.C. To introduce and inform. D. To memorize and alarm.2. How does The Oxford English Dictionary change Susie’s life A. It inspires her to write stories. B. It helps her describe something particular.C. It fuels her passion for referring to a dictionary. D. It entertains her with the development of language.3. What is Maus and Maus Ⅱmost probably about A. German geography. B. Unexplained tales.C. Adapted life story. D. Parent-child relationship.BAkira Toriyama, one of Japan’s leading comics authors, whose manga (漫画) “Dragon Ball” achieved worldwide success with its mix of comedic characters and rousing martial arts battles, died on March 1. He was 68.Mr. Toriyama’s body of work is recognizable far beyond Japan’s borders, having influenced generations of manga artists and cartoonists. His best-known work, “Dragon Ball”, follows a young boy named Son Goku who starts a journey to collect the seven magical balls that summon (召唤) a wish-granting dragon. Since its creation in the 1980s, it has spanned 42 volumes, sold millions of copies worldwide and become one of the most famous manga, inspiring television, film and video game adaptations.Throughout his career, Mr. Toriyama said in a 2013 interview with the Japanese newspaper The Asahi Shimbun, he did not care if his work did anything besides entertaining its readers. He was, he suggested, unlike “other manga artists concerned about conveying moral messages”.When “Dragon Ball” was first published in 1984 it was an immediate hit, becoming one of the best-selling manga series of all time. It sold more than 260million copies worldwide, according to Toei Animation, the studio that produced the anime adaptation. “Dragon Ball” was serialized in the Japanese magazine Weekly Shonen Jump until 1995. In the year after the series ended, the magazine lost about one million of its six million readers, according to “A History of Modern Manga”.A productive manga artist, Mr. Toriyama did not necessarily have an appetite for this genre as a reader. “I have always had a hard time reading manga, including my own work,” he said in a 2018 interview with Kiyosu City Public Library. He led a private life and gave few interviews. In a 2013 interview with the Japanese singer and actress Shoko Nakagawa, he said that he did not even share all his work with his family. “To tell you the truth, no one in my family has ever seen ‘Dragon Ball’,” he said, laughing. “I am also a hikikomori,” he added, using the Japanese word for a recluse (隐居者). But his stories continued to reach fans around the world years after their creation.4 Where can you find this article most probably A. A news report. B. An autobiography.C. A manga introduction. D. A funeral speech.5. According to Mr. Toriyama how is his manga different from the others A. It is classical. B. It is engaging.C. It is advanced. D. It is educational.6. What influence did “Dragon Ball” have on Weekly Shonen Jump A. A thickened size of each issue. B. A leading magazine worldwide.C. A period of increase in readership. D. A record holder in manga history.7. What can best describe Mr. Toriyama’s personality according to the text A. Unworldly and genuine. B. Imaginative and flexible.C. Innocent and well-informed. D. Knowledgeable and courageous.CThere are a lot of good and logical reasons not to say what you think, especially when others disagree. Offending people isn’t nice, and it can lead to social consequences. Nodding along might seem practical or charitable, despite the fact that you are screaming disagreement on the inside. However, the true act of charity is to say what you really think. Your committing to complete honesty can be an act of love.One of my friends takes honesty to the extreme. He calls talks with others that get to the complete truth of things, even difficult admissions in views, “love conversations”. Once two people have such a conversation, his theory goes, they can understand each other and act accordingly. As a philosophical matter, my friend’s belief of “love conversations” is Kantian. The German philosopher Kant argued that lying to others prevents them from making choices based on the truth, which is contradictory with friendship and love.In the 1990s, Brad Blanton argued when the truth is hard to accept, telling it can have costs, including social disapproval and broken relationships. But it is worth the consequences because it can reduce stress, deepen connections with others, and reduce emotional reactivity.Both sides can’t be right here. Either Kant, Blanton, and my friend are embracing a faulty theory, or our society is missing a big opportunity for moral growth. You might say that little white lies are a society lubricant (润滑剂). They can even seem virtuous. After telling a white lie, I sometimes pat myself on the back, turning my evil into a virtue inside my own head. Some lies might make life easier, but they don’t necessarily make life happier. I wouldn’t want my wife to tell me what she thinks I want to hear, as if we were strangers avoiding conflict, and finding out that she had done so would make me feel distrusted and therefore hurt our relationship. I don’t want a stranger to tell me she likes my writing if she doesn’t, because unreal compliments make me suspicious.8. What can we learn from “my friend” in Paragraph 2 A. He admits other’s views with great honest. B. He practices Kant’s philosophical theories.C. He loves to discuss philosophy with others. D. He prevents himself from difficult choices.9. Brad Blanton found telling the truth ________.A. stressful and emotional B. unacceptable and harmfulC. thoughtless but courageous D. challenging but deserving10. Why is his wife mentioned in the last paragraph A. To distinguish his wife from a stranger. B. To show his wife’s honesty and virtue.C. To argue for the importance of frankness. D. To stress avoiding suspicion in marriage.11. Which statement does the author probably agree with A. Telling the truth can be an act of love. B. The route to happier life lies in lies.C. Little white lies are actually virtuous. D. Our society is being corrupted by lies.DP. H. Hanes, founder of HanesBrands, came up with retail price in the 1920s. That allowed him to use ads in publications across America to discourage distributors from unfairly raising the price of his knitted underwear. Even today many American shopkeepers stick to manufacturers’ recommended prices, as much as they would love to raise them to offset the inflationary (通货膨胀) pressures on their other costs. A growing number, though, resort to more complicated pricing techniques.Getting retail price right can be tricky. Set prices too high and you risk losing customers; set them too low and you leave money on the table. Retailers have historically used rules of thumb, such as adding a fixed margin (差额) on top of costs or matching what competitors charge. As energy, labour and other inputs go through the roof, they can no longer afford to treat pricing as an afterthought. To gain an edge, shopkeepers have been turning to price-optimisation systems.At their core are mathematical models that use deal data to estimate price flexibility—how much demand increases as the price falls and vice versa—for thousands of products. Price-sensitive items can then be discounted and price-insensitive ones marked up. Merchants can fine-tune the algorithms (算法) to prevent undesirable outcomes.These systems are becoming cleverer thanks to advances in artificial intelligence(AI). The latest crop of AI-powered ones can spot patterns and relationships between multiple items. Makers of pricing software are incorporating new data sources into their models, from customers’ tweets to online product reviews, says Doug Fuehne of Pricefx, one such firm. In February Starbucks, a chain of coffee shops, boasted about its use of analytics and AI to model pricing “on an ongoing basis”. US Foods, a food distributor, praised its pricing system’s ability to use “over a dozen different inputs” to boost sales and profits.What pricing systems do not do is lead unavoidably to higher prices. Matt Pavich of Revionics, another pricing-software firm, calls this misconception “one of the biggest misunderstanding” about products like his. Sysco, a big food distributor which rolled out new pricing software last year, is a case in point. The firm says the system allows it to lower prices on “key value items”—as price-sensitive bestsellers are known in the trade—and raise them on other products. It can thus increase profits by expanding sales while maintaining margins.12. What does the expression “leave money on the table” in Paragraph 2 probably mean A. Do not match the competitor’s prices. B. Do not maintain a reasonable sales and profits.C. Do not address the pressure on extra expenses. D. Do not reach an agreement in price negotiation.13. How do the price-optimisation systems work A. Setting fixed prices for all products. B. Adjusting prices based on demands.C. Constructing discount models by AI. D. Capitalizing on customers’ social media data.14. What does Matt Pavich think of the price-optimisation system A. It hits the sweet point. B. It cuts a long story short.C. It runs counter to its target. D. It compares apples and oranges.15. What’s the best title for this text A. Fair or Unfair Price: Not a Question for AIB. Price Setting AI: Maintaining Great BalanceC. Retail Price Evolves: From Experience to ScienceD. Technological Business: Companies Use AI to Set Prices第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Negative emotions have a bad reputation: they’re often seen as dangerous or destructive. ___16___ But research reveals that negative emotions are useful for people and important for a successful and satisfying life.In a recent study, we tested this idea for the case of anger. We designed a series of experiments with more than 1, 000 participants. We found that people who got mad first were more successful than the other participants. ___17___ When the goals were not challenging, getting angry did not improve outcomes.___18___ Here the story becomes more complicated. The findings do not mean that everyone should get angry in order to achieve their goals. But anger clearly can be useful in overcoming obstacles. Let us say, anger at a crashing computer could motivate someone to take it to a repair shop. But it could also motivate them to smash the computer on the floor. ___19___ Yet only one is truly beneficial. This complication in using our negative emotions contributes to their bad reputation. Fortunately, there is a lot of research on how to improve responses to negative emotions like anger. No doubt the best response is not to focus on what’s happening but to respond to achieve the desired outcome.Negative emotions aren’t bad. They are incredibly important indicators that significant events are taking place. ___20___A. But what does this mean for people’s life B. People try to avoid them, contain them or ignore them.C. Across our studies, anger helped achieve challenging goals.D. Both actions have removed the obstacle: the crashing computer.E. So the next time one happens, don’t push it away-pay attention.F. When you are angry, you experience physical and emotional pain.G. In the midst of anger, however, it can be very easy to make careless mistakes.第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lobb and Jafri were queuing up for a lunchtime workout on Pier (码头) 15, overlooking the East River, when Lobb froze. What he saw was a person ___21___, lifeless. Before Jafri could respond, Lobb climbed over the ___22___ at the edge of the pier and jumped into the cold water. Jafri then took off his shoes and swan-dived.Approaching the ___23___ victim, Lobb saw that it was a middle-aged man. The ___24___ felt around, grasped the man and kicked ___25___ until they both resurfaced. Jafri was there now. They floated the man on his ___26___. As Jafri looped (环绕) his arms around the man’s shoulders and Lobb ___27___ the hips and knees, the pair undertook the slog (重担) back to Pier 15. Their lungs heaved (起伏) and ___28___ burned as they pushed and pulled the ___29___ figure through the cold water.On the pier, a crowd had gathered. From somewhere, the onlookers ___30___ a rope and a life preserver and threw them to Jafri and Lobb. The friends ___31___ the victim’s arm and head through the life preserver ring and tied the rope around him.With the two men pushing from below and the crowd pulling from above, the victim was pulled onto the pier. Both men, thoroughly ___32___ from 15-plus minutes in the water, watched as rescue workers loaded the ___33___ drowned man into an ambulance and ___34___. Lobb and Jafri never ___35___ who he was, what became of him or how he’d fallen into the river.21.A. crying B. swimming C. floating D. playing22.A. rail B. ship C. gym D. platform23.A. desperate B. frightened C. insensible D. nervous24.A. life coach B. rescuer C. onlooker D. emergency services25.A. upward B. off C. around D. forward26.A. hand B. back C. head D. stomach27.A. supported B. raised C. downgraded D. located28.A. cells B. organs C. tissues D. muscles29.A. disabled B. uncooperative C. immobile D. misshapen30.A. tore B. produced C. imported D. organized31.A. circled B. fixed C. loaded D. worked32.A. exhausted B. abstracted C. depressed D. satisfied33.A. undoubtedly B. nearly C. fortunately D. obviously34.A. took in B. turned over C. pull away D. set forth35.A. appreciated B. emphasized C. recognized D. learned第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everybody likes watching acrobats (杂技演员). The acts sometimes seem scary and dangerous, and there is thrill and wonder. ___36___ Chinese acrobatics troupes (表演团) travel internationally, they are not commonly seen by audiences outside the country. While in China you might want to see the ___37___ (amaze) feats of balance and skill.The acrobats developed their styles ___38___ (base) on traditional ancient arts such as dance, theater, martial arts, and magic shows and they are distinctive and incorporate traditional skills and physical exercises. Chinese acrobats tend to emphasize balance and extreme ___39___ (flexible) more than the troupes do in Russia or the West. This might be due to the influence of martial arts styles. Chinese acrobats ___40___ (intensive) practice timing and coordination. The individual performers practice to cooperate precisely. They use martial arts skills in ___41___ thrilling and sometimes comedic fashion. The Beijing Red Theater’s “Legend of Kungfu” show is an example. Many of the shows will have traditional Chinese music that is recorded or performed live by musicians ___42___ (play) traditional instruments. The costumes or the themes may ___43___ (draw) from a familiar opera. The acrobats may perform scenes from popular legends, stories, ___44___ novels of the ancient past such as The Monkey King. You might not recognize the story or the music, but you’ll still enjoy the sound, color, and ____45____ (usual) costumes.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，你的口语外教Joann请你们讨论决定是否以线上录制视频的方式开展英语演讲比赛。请你作为班级代表写一封邮件回复外教，要点如下：1. 最终观点；2. 陈述理由。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Joann,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Best regards,Li Hua第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Susie Smith came home from school one day, and had no sooner entered the sitting room than she burst into tears.“What is the matter, my dear child ” said her mother, drawing her daughter to her side and smiling.“All our class must bring in compositions tomorrow morning, and I never, never can write one. We must write twelve lines at least, and I have written only a few words after trying nearly all the afternoon. See what work I have made of it!” sobbed Susie.Mrs. Smith took the rumpled (皱巴巴的) and tear-stained paper which Susie held in her hand, and glanced at what she had written. In a careful hand she had tried to write upon three themes: Time, Temperance, and Industry.Time is short. We should all improve our time.Temperance is a very useful thing.We should all be industrious if we wish to do anything in the world.These sentences were all she had written. Susie continued, “I can’t think of another word to say upon any of these subjects, and I know I shall have to go to school without a composition, for I won’t be so mean as to copy one from a book, or to ask you or papa to write one for me.”“That is right, my dear,” said her mother. “You will be far happier with a poor composition, if it is all your own, than with a fine one written by somebody else. But cheer up. You have not begun right—you have been trying to write upon subjects that you know nothing about. Run into the garden and play. I will call you in half an hour.” “But my composition,” began Susie. “Don’t think about your composition while you are gone,” said Mrs. Smith, “but have as pleasant a time as you can.”It seemed but a few minutes to Susie before she heard her mother’s voice calling her. She went into the house at once—her hands full of sweet flowers, and her cheeks rosy with exercise. “Now, Susie,” said her mother, “I want you to sit by the window with this nice sheet of paper and a pencil, and write something about what you can see.”“But my composition, mother,” said Susie, “when shall I begin that ” “Never mind your composition, my dear. Do this to please me, and we will talk about that by and by.” replied Mrs. Smith.注意：1. 续写词数应150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Susie thought her mother’s request was a strange one.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“A composition!” exclaimed Susie. “Is that a composition ”___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________听力 1—5 CCBCA 6—10 BCBAA 11—15 BACBA 16—20 CBACB 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 湖南省多校2023-2024学年高三下学期4月大联考英语试题（原卷版）.docx 湖南省多校2023-2024学年高三下学期4月大联考英语试题（解析版）.docx
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