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8B Unit6Revision
一、词汇专练
一、）词汇（四会词）：
train vi.& vt. 接受训练；培训；训练 train to do sth. train n. 火车 training n. 培训，训练
the Olympic Games n. (=the Olympics) 奥林匹克运动会
support v. 支持
meaningful adj. 有意义的 meaning n.意思，意义 mean v.意思是，意味着 meaningless adj. 无意义的
blind adj. 瞎的 blindness n. 瞎，失明
deaf adj. 聋的
elderly adj. 年老的
homeless adj. 无家可归的
expect vt.& vi.期待，指望；预料expect (sb.) to do sth. /+that 从句（预计，料想）
chance n. 机会
similar adj. 同样的，类似的
give up 放弃give up sth./doing sth. // give it/them up
necessary adj. 必须的，必要的
training n. 培训，训练train vi.& vt. 接受训练；培训；训练
task n. 任务，工作
coach n. 教练 pl. coaches
gold n. 黄金；金牌
silver n. 银；银牌
background n. 背景back+ ground →background
closely adv. 密切地 close adj. 密切的; 关闭的
achieve v. 实现，达到 achievement n. 成就
prize n. 奖赏，奖品
blood n. 血（UC不可数名词）
south-west adj. &adv. 西南方
north-west adj. &adv. 西北方
project n. 项目，工程； 课题
introduction n. 引言；介绍 introduce vt. 介绍
give a helping hand 帮助，伸出援助之手
二、）词语辨析：
disease/illness/sickness
1.disease
A.表示“疾病”，通常指具体的“疾病”(可数)。如：
Most diseases could be wiped out. 多数疾病是可以消灭的。
I caught the disease from you. 这病我是从你那传染来的。
It was a horrible disease.这是一种可怕的疾病。
B.有时指疾病的总称(不可数)，即通称的“疾病”。如：
Rats spread disease. 老鼠传染疾病。
Cleanliness helps prevent disease. 清洁有助于预防疾病。
C.用于医学上表示各种病称时，通常用 disease。如：
English disease 气管炎//heart disease 心脏病// a nervous disease 神经病等等
注：有个别搭配也用 illness。如：mental illness [sickness] 精神病
2. illness 和 sickness 常可通用，它们主要用于表示生病的时间或因病(disease)导致的不健康状态等。如：
He can’t come because of illness. 他因病不能来。
He died after a long illness. 他死之前病了很久。
After a long period of illness, she stopped work. 一场大病之后，她停止了工作。
He was very weak from a long illness.由于长期生病他身体很虚弱。
另外，sickness还可表示“呕吐”、“恶心”等。如:
He’s suffering from sickness and diarrhoea (n.腹泻).他上吐下泻。
He felt a wave of sickness come over him.他感到一阵恶心。
即时自测：
A.根据首字母或汉语提示及句意写出单词。
1. It is m____________ for us to __________ (支持) the Olympics.
2. How long has the ________（年老的） man been ________(失明)
3. We have t__________ many nurses for the hospital these years.
4. The terrible earthquake made thousands of people h__________ .
5. Did he know what to ____________ (期待) when he volunteered for the Special Olympics
6. At last, he tried his best to a________ his dream.
7. Those guests he has invited come from different ___________ (背景).
8. The games give children and adults with intellectual disabilities a c__________ to show their skills to the world.
9. I think it's __________ to do morning and eye exercises every day. (必要的)
10. Their _________ are very strict (严格的) with them. (教练)
11. He feels more confident than before because he won a _____(金牌) and two _________ (银牌) in the events.
12. ---What’s wrong with the old man He can’t hear us. ---Maybe he is d______.
13. Many volunteers donated their __________(血) to help people in need.
14. They are talking about an animal ____________. (课题)
15. There is an apple tree in the____________ of our new school. (西南)
16. This is the _______________ (介绍) about the book.
17. Daniel has won the first __________(奖赏)in the Reading Competition.
18.The volunteers work c_______ with the government and they have done a lot of useful work.
19.Their school life is s_______________ to ours.
20.Our first t___________ is to count the volunteers.
B.根据短文意思和首字母填空,写出一个完整正确的单词。(中考指南2024年)
Yao Jian has been teaching in the Sandun Primary School in Datong，Shanxi Province for more than 20 years. In 1998, he chose to teach village children after graduation. At that time, the conditions of the village school were(1)t_________. Some students had to bring chairs from home to school because there weren't enough chairs. The(2) n__________ of students became smaller and smaller because many villagers took their children to cities. Some teachers left the school to (3) s__________ for better jobs too. The teachers who stayed there had to teach all the subjects.
“I come from the poor (4) c__________ and know how important education is for village children. I will (5) c__________ teaching in the school till the last student leaves." Yao said.
Because of his great work, Yao was (6) m__________ the headmaster of the school in2004. In the same year, his wife started working as a teacher there too. They took good care of the students as if they were their (7) o__________ children. Yao used to have a heart-to-heart talk (8) w__________ other teachers so that they could feel at home in the school and like their work.
Many of the school's graduates have entered college. Jiao Shufeng, one of them, said, “Yao was my (9) f__________ teacher. He helped me form good study habits. I was(10) l___________ to have him as my teacher when I was young. Inspired by him, I plan to be a teacher and help more left-behind children to get better education. ”
二、短语归纳(中考指南2024年)：
1. give them a chance to do sth. 给他们一次做某事的机会= give a chance to them to do sth.
2. give up their spare time for...为了……放弃他们的空余时间
3. receive training接受训练
4. provide sth. for sb.=provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物
5. make the event a great success使这个活动成功
6. be born with 天生就有……
7. be similar to 和……相似
8. bring people together把人们聚集到一起
9. from different backgrounds来自不同背景
10. work closely with与……紧密协作
11. help them achieve their dreams帮助他们实现他们的梦想
12.win first prize得一等奖
13. have trouble/difficulty doing something做某事有困难
14. give our seats to the elderly给老人让座
15. give a helping hand 伸出援助之手
即时自测：从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空(每个词或短语只能用一次)。
work as; receive training; provide…for; give up; success; confident;
donate...to...; organize; work closely with; train;
1. The young boy worked out the maths problem___________________ .He felt very happy.
2.You had better___________________ before you do these tasks.
3. Do you have any trouble___________________ that bad habit
4. In the past ten years, Mr Wang____________ over 10,000 yuan______________ the charities.
5. ___________________a volunteer is very fantastic for me.
6. You should make a careful plan before___________________ this school trip.
7. It's important for you___________________ your team members, or you will lose this game.
8. After the Special Olympics World Games, Liu Ming became ________________ than before.
9.Thank you for ________________ support ________________ us when we were in trouble.
10. ---What was Hobo doing this time yesterday
---He ________ to be a volunteer for the Olympic Games.
三、佳句背诵（中考指南2024年）：
1. It's meaningful to do something for the Olympics.为奥林匹克做些事是有意义的。(P78)
It is + adjective + to do something含义：做某事是……的。该句型中的形容词是表示不定式所具备的特征或客观情况。
动词不定式to do something for the Olympics.是真正的主语，It是形式主语。如：
It is right to do it.做这件事是对的。
meaningful adj. 有意义的 mean v.意思是，意味着; meaning n.意思，意义 meaningless adj. 无意义的
1).meaningful作形容词意思是意味深长的；有意义的。如：
She threw a meaningful look at him. 她向他投去意味深长的目光。
2).mean作动词意思是打算；导致；意味。作形容词意思是低劣的；刻薄的；卑鄙的；出色的；吝啬的；平均的；中等的。作名词意思有平均值；平均数；中间；中庸。如：
I mean that's his own decision to resign or not.我的意思是说辞不辞职是他自己的决定。
3).meaning作名词意思是意义；含义；重要性；价值。作形容词意思是意味深长的。如：
These words are empty of meaning.这些话毫无意义。
4). meaningless adj. 无意义的; 无目的的. 如：
It’s meaningless to ask the meaningless question. 提问这种无意义的问题是没有意义的。
2. They can provide special places for homeless people to stay.他们会给无家可归的人提供特殊住处。(P79)= They can provide homeless people with special places to stay.
provide v. 意思是“提供”，后面可以直接跟名词(短语)作宾语。
The hospital will provide the best medical care.这家医院会提供最好的医疗服务。
常用结构为provide sth for sb，相当于provide sb with sth，意为“向某人提供某物”。 如:
His father provides food and clothes for their family.= His father provides their family with food and clothes. 他的父亲为家人提供吃穿。
3.It's fantastic to work as a volunteer.做志愿者非常棒。(P80)
It is + adjective + to do something含义：做某事是……的
动词不定式to work as a volunteer是真正的主语，It是形式主语。如：
It is wise to keep diaries.
as prep.“作为”如：As students, you all should work hard.
4. They include many events similar to those in the Olympics, such as basketball, football and swimming.它们包括一些和奥林匹克运动会类似的运动,如篮球、足球和游泳。(P80)
similar adj. 同样的，类似的
They have very similar interests.他们有着同样的兴趣。
The two products look quite similar.两个产品看起来非常相似。
常用短语：
be similar to 同……相似 // be similar in 在……方面相似 如：
Her ideas are quite similar to mine.她的思想非常类似于我的。
The two cars are very similar in size and design.两辆车在大小和设计方面非常相似。
5. It was necessary for these volunteers to receive training before doing the tasks.
在做任务前这些志愿者有必要接受些训练。(P80)
It is + adjective + for sb. + to do sth.含义：对某人来说做某事是……的。该句型中的形容词是表示不定式所具备的特征或客观情况。 如:
It’s important for people to learn good manners.
It is difficult for Li Hai to win the competition.
6. They provided support for the athletes and helped make the event a great success.
他们为运动员提供支持并帮忙使活动成功。(P81)
provide sth for sb.=provide sb with sth，意为“向某人提供某物”。 如:
The local government provided special buses for the guests.地方政府为宾客提供了专车。
We will provide room and board for them.我们将提供他们的食宿。
success n. 统指“成功，成就，胜利”， 为抽象名词，不可数。作“成功的事或人”、“一次成功”解时为可数名词。单数形式指“一件成功的事或人”，复数形式successes指“多件成功的事或人”。
successful adj.成功的successfully adv.成功地succeed vi. 成功succeed in doing sth./ succeed with sth. 如:
Everybody will be lucky or successful sometime in their life.
7. It was very brave of him to join the competition.他很勇敢参加比赛。(P81)
It is + adjective + of sb. + to do sth.含义：某人做某事真是/太……了。该句型中的形容词描述的是人的特征、品质。如:
It is kind of these volunteers to work in their spare time.
It is brave of him to take part in the competition.
8. To Liu Hai, the most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver, but to take part.
对Liu Hai来说,最重要的事不是去赢得金牌或银牌,而是参加。(P81)
not…, but…不是……，而是……，引导主语时谓语动词就近原则。如：
Not you but Amy is wrong./ Not Amy but you are wrong.
动词不定式to win a gold和to take part在句中作表语。
9. He has been ill in hospital since last month.他自从上个月就生病住院。(P90)
因为since所以主句用现在完成时。
10. If all of us can give a helping hand, he may get well soon.
如果我们都能够伸出援助之手,他可能很快就会好。(P90)
Well在句中为形容词，意思是身体健康的。
补充：
1. Will you support me, Eddie 你会支持我吗？
support v. 支持，支撑 如:
Hope you can support us when we are in trouble．希望你在我们需要帮忙时，能给我们以帮助。
If you raise it at the meeting, I’ll support you.如果你在会上提出这个问题，我将支持你。
support n. 支持，不可数名词。如:
常用在下列短语中：with the support of “在……的支持下”；with one’s support “在某人的支持下” 如:
We’ll finish the work on time with your support.在你们的支持下，我们会按时完成这项工作。
2. Liu Ming did not know what to expect when he volunteered for the Special Olympics World Summer Games.
当刘明准备为2007年10月在上海举行的夏季特奥会做志愿者时，他不知道能期待什么。
expect v. 期盼，指望 如：
I expect to get a nice birthday present.我期盼得到一份好的生日礼物。
expect (sb) to do sth 期待(某人)去做某事 如：
I didn’t expect him to stay so long.我没料到他呆这么长时间。
expect v. 预料 如：
We are expecting a rise in food prices this month.我们预计这个月食品价格上涨。
3. He was born with intellectual disabilities. 他生下来就有智力缺陷。
be born with 生来具有…… 如：
He was born with a weak heart.他生来心脏衰弱。// be born blind/deaf 天生眼盲/耳聋
4. You get to help them achieve their dreams. 你有机会帮助他们实现梦想。
get to 有机会（做……），得到（做……的）机会 如：
He got to try out all the new software.他得以试用所有的新软件。
Tom gets to go to Disneyland this summer. 汤姆今年夏天会去迪斯尼乐园。
achieve vt. 实现，达到 如：
He finally achieved success.他最终取得了成功。
Work hard, and you will achieve your goal. 努力工作，你就会达到自己的目标。
5. Otherwise, he may lose his life.
lose one's life 意为 “失去生命”。仅指由于意外事故、战争等不可抗拒而造成的死亡，为意外死亡。如：
He jumped into the river to save the boy and lost his life.为了救那个男孩他跳到了河里，献出了自己的生命。
即时自测：
A. 完成句子。
1.我没想到他会成为一位成功的作家。 I __________________________________.
2.她最终实现了她想当老师的目标。She __________________________________.
3. 他从不轻易放弃。He never __________________________________.
4.学校需要志愿者帮助儿童阅读。Schools __________________________________.
5.她的想法和我的很相似。Her ideas __________________________________.
B.根据短文内容回答下列问题。
Daniel Defoe, the writer of The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe was born in London in 1660. He started his working life as a businessman. He travelled a lot in England and all over the world. In the novel The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, Daniel Defoe described the main character Robinson Crusoe’s life on an island.
After living on the island for many years, Robinson discovered that cannibals regularly visited his island. On the island they bought prisoners, killed them and ate them. Robinson saved one of the prisoners, a young man. He called him Friday and Robinson taught him to speak English. His new servant was good at learning Robinson’s language. He taught Friday, and soon the servant could say his name, “Master” “Yes” and “No”. How good it was to hear a man’s voice again!
1. Daniel Defoe’s first job is _______________.
2. What did Daniel Defoe describe in the novel The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe
He described the main character Robinson Crusoe’s _______________.
3. Robinson saved a young prisoner. He called him____________.
4.What language did Robinson teach Friday to speak ________________.
5. From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2, we can infer Robinson felt 　　　　 on the island before he met Friday.
四、语法知识：
1.It is+形容词+to do sth. 的结构形式与用法。
It is + adjective + to do something含义：做某事是……的
It’s necessary to do exercise everyday./It’s interesting to travel in the forest./It’s easy to make a sentence.
注意：该句型中的形容词表示不定式所具备的特征或客观情况。常用的形容词有：cheap, convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, exciting, expensive, important, interesting, necessary, normal, possible, useful, wonderful。
2.It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth. 的结构形式与用法。
It is + adjective + for sb. + to do sth.含义：对某人来说做某事是……的
It’s possible for her to work for the charity on Saturday.
It’s impossible for you to get there in such a short time.
It’s dangerous for children to play on the street.
注意：该句型中的形容词也是表示不定式所具备的特征或客观情况。常用的形容词有：difficult, easy, hard, necessary, useful, useless, important, meaningful等。
3.It is+形容词+of sb. to do sth. 的结构形式与用法。
It is + adjective + of sb. + to do sth.含义：某人做某事真是/太……了
It was too foolish of you to do so.
It is very nice of you to offer me a seat.
It is careless of him to lose so many.
注意：该句型中的形容词描述的是人的特征、品质。常用的形容词有：brave, careless, clever, foolish, generous, good, helpful, honest, kind, nice, polite, silly, stupid, wrong。
如何确定使用for还是of
It is + adj. + of sb. + to do句型中的形容词是用来修饰sb.的，把sb. is/are + adj.提出来能够说得通。
如：It is kind of you to help me. →You are kind. 此句说得通。
但It is + adj. + for sb. + to do句型中的形容词仅仅是描述事物，与sb.没有这种关系。如：
It is difficult for us to finish the work.不能说We are difficult.
即时自测：完成下列句子。
1.他们能很好使用网络是很聪明的。
It is smart ________________________________ the Internet.
2.对我们来说，做好每一件事是很有必要的。
It’s very necessary ___________________________________________.
3.对你来说，如果想获得成功，不要轻易放弃是很重要的。
It’s important ____________________________________ if you want to achieve success.
4.你帮助我学习数学真是太好了。
It’s kind _______________________ my math.
5.他不可能在十小时之内完成它。
It is impossible _______________________.
6.用那种方式和妈妈说话我真愚蠢。
It was stupid _______________________ in that way to my mother.
8B Unit6Revision答案
一、词汇专练
即时自测：
【答案】
A.根据首字母或汉语提示及句意写出单词。
1.meaningful; support; 2.elderly; blind; 3.trained; 4.homeless; 5.expect; 6.achieve;
7.backgrounds; 8.chance; 9.necessary; 10.coaches; 11.gold; silvers; 12.deaf; 13.blood;
14.project; 15.south-west; 16.introduction; 17.prize; 18.closely; 19.similar; 20.task;
B.根据短文意思和首字母填空,写出一个完整正确的单词。
1. terrible; 2. number; 3. search; 4. countryside; 5. continue;
6. made; 7.own; 8. with; 9. first/favourite; 10.lucky;
二、短语归纳：
即时自测：
【答案】
1. successfully;
2. receive training;
3. giving up;
4. has donated; to;
5.Working as/To work as;
6. organizing;
7. to work closely with;
8.more confident;
9.providing；for
10.was training
三、佳句背诵
即时自测：
【答案】
A. 完成句子。
1.didn’t expect him to become a successful writer.
2.finally achieved her goal of becoming a teacher.
3.gives up easily.
4.need volunteers to help children (to) read.
5.are quite/very similar to mine.
B.根据短文内容回答下列问题。
1.a businessman;
2.life on an island;
3.Friday;
4.English;
5.lonely;
四、语法知识
即时自测：
【答案】
1.of them to make good use of
2.for us to do everything well
3.for you not to give up easily
4.of you to help me with
5.for him to finish it in ten hours
6.of me to talk

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