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8B Unit8Revision
一、词汇专练
一、）词汇（四会词）：
dig v. 挖洞、沟等dug /dug/ digging
serious adj. 认真的，严肃的
turn off关上开关turn on/down/up
wise adj. 明智的wisely adv. 明智地wisdom n. 智慧；聪明；明智
plastic n.塑料（UC不可数名词）
separate vt.&vi 分开，隔开
allow vt. 允许allow sb. to do sth.
cut down砍倒
punish vt. 处罚，惩罚
fine vt. 罚款fine adj.好的
depend vi. 依靠，依赖，指望
depend on/upon依靠，取决于
rich adj. 丰富的，富有的
wisely adv. 明智地wise adj. 明智的wisdom n. 智慧；聪明；明智
run out用完，耗尽
produce vt.导致，产生production n. 产品
difference n. 差异，不同之处different adj. 不同的
make a difference to sb/sth对......有影响，起作用
pollute vt. 污染pollution n.不可数名词
living adj. 活着的，活的living/ live/alive/lively
survey n. 调查
empty adj.空的
harmful adj. 有害的harm vt. 伤害；损害
in place在正确位置
coal n.煤
oil n.石油；原油；食用油
form vt.&vi形成
carelessly adv.满不在乎地；粗心地careless adj. 粗心的carelessness n. 粗心careful adj. 细心的
simple adj. 简单的simply adv. 简单地
step n. 步骤；措施
二、）词语辨析：
living/ live/alive/lively
一、alive、live、living都有“活的、有生命的”意思，与dead意义相反。其区别如下：
1.）①live通常只作前置定语，且一般用于动物；alive、living不仅可作定语，也可以作表语。alive只作后置定语；living前后皆可。如：
This is a live(=living) fish.=This is a fish alive. 这是一条活鱼。（指动物，且作定语时，三者均可用）
Who's the greatest man alive(=living man) 谁是当今最伟大的人物？（指人，不能用live） The fish is still alive(=living) 那条鱼还活着。（指动物作表语时不能用live）。
② live还可以作“现场播出的”解。如：
It’ll be the biggest live concert the world has ever seen.那（场音乐会）将是全世界（的人
曾经见过的）最大的一场现场直播音乐会。
③live还可用作动词，读作[liv]，意为“生活”、“生存”。如：
Pandas usually live in the south and the southeast of China.熊猫通常生活在中国的南部和东南部。
2.）①living主要指在某个时候是活着的，作比喻义（如“活像……”、“活生生的”等）解时，要用living。如：He is the living image of his father.(比喻义，不用alive） 他活象他父亲。
②只有living前加the方可表示“活着的人”，作主语时，视作复数。 如：
The living are more important to us than the dead.活着的人对我们来说比死去的人更重要。
3.）alive指本来有死的可能，但仍活着的。作主语补足语或宾语补足语时，只能用alive； 如： The enemy officer was caught alive.(作主语补足语，不用living） 那位敌方军官被活捉了。 We found the snake alive.(作宾语补足语，不用living）
二、lively可以指人或物，可作定语或表语；但它没有“活着的”意思，而是“活泼的、快活的、生动的”等含义。 如： Young children are usually lively. 小孩子们通常是活泼的。
He told a very lively story. 他讲了一个生动的故事。
即时自测：
A.根据首字母或汉语提示及句意写出单词。(中考指南2022年)
1. Eating too much___________ (导致)serious diseases.
2.__ __________ (活的)things mean something alive.
3. My father isn't___________ (允许)to smoke in the bedroom.
4. Many resources like coal, oil and natural gas are___________ (挖)up from the ground.
5.Follow these_ (步骤)，and you'll make a difference to the Earth!
Many things have been done to protect the environment around us. An organization collects old clothes from all over the country and recycles them. The Swiss government has many laws to(6)p________ the environment. If you cut down trees, you will be(7)p_____ .Nature is the greatest treasure. We (8) d____________ on its rich resources to live. We must protect it (9) w___________. We can use new types of energy because they cost little and will never(10) r___________ out. Moreover, they (11) p____________ little pollution. Let's do something to make a difference.
B.根据短文意思和首字母填空,写出一个完整正确的单词。(中考指南2024年)
Every year, at 8:30 p. m. on the last Saturday of March, people across the world turn their lights off for half an hour to show support for our planet. They want to let other people (1) k_______ about nature loss and climate change, two big problems to our only home.
Nature gives us (2) f________ , water and clean air. It is one of our strongest supports against climate change,(3) H________， people's action is harming forests and the air and water quality. For example, the number of wildlife dropped by 60%(4) b________ 1970 and 2012.Another is climate change. People began to use fossil fuels(燃料) over 200 years ago, and the Earth's (5) t________ went up by about 1℃. This has great influence on the living things.
Earth Hour was (6) s_________ by the World Wide Fund for Nature in Sydney in 2007.Now people in more than 190 countries and areas take part in the(7)a________. Every year on the same Saturday, they turn off lights to show support for our planet. Earth Hour also helps bring about change at a time. In 2013, it helped (8) l________ to creating Argentina's largest main protected area, the Burdwood Bank.
Can you help our planet (9) b________ taking action on March 25 this year Even more important than turning off your lights is(10)t________ with your friends and family. Tell them why people are turning off lights for thirty minutes, and look for ways that can make a difference to the planet.
二、短语归纳(中考指南2024年)：
1. save water by taking shorter showers通过快速洗澡而省水
2. live a green life绿色生活
3. used to drive me to school过去常常开车送我上学
4. be separated into different groups被分到不同组中
5. from all over the country 从全国各地
6. be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事// allow sb to do sth.
7. drop litter in a public place在公共地方扔垃圾
8. depend on/upon 依赖，取决于
9. cost little 花费少
10.run out用光,用尽
11. make a difference to sb./sth.对……产生影响
12. turn off the tap关掉水龙头
13. use both sides of the paper用纸的两面
14. reduce pollution减少污染
15. a good way to do sth做某事的好方法
即时自测：从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空(每个词或短语只能用一次)。
(中考指南2024年)
make a difference; clean up; separate into; run out; cut down;
take shorter showers; depend on; live a green life; turn off; in place
1. What should we do________________ I think it's wise for you to ride your bicycles.
2. Our limited resources are_______________ now. Save our Earth!
3. We aren't allowed_______________ trees in order to protect our environment.
4. Whether we will have a picnic or not tomorrow_______________ weather.
5. In Switzerland, rubbish_______________ different groups and then recycled.
6. Bad actions_______________ to children. Set a good example for them, please!
7. One of the ways to live a green life is_______________.
8. Remember_______________ the tap when brushing teeth.
9. More and more people will be hurt unless air_______________.
10. Keep your books_______________ ，and you'll find them again easily.
三、佳句背诵（中考指南2024年）：
1. We can save energy by turning off the lights when we leave a room.当离开房间时,我们应关灯节省能源。(P107)
save energy节省能源 save water节约用水// save money攒钱
turn off关上
He turned off the tap. 他关上了水龙头。
If you don’t like the programmes, you can simply turn off the television. 要是你不喜欢这些节目, 你完全可以把电视机关掉。
2. It's wise for people to choose public transport.人们选择公共交通工具是明智的。(P107)
It is + adj. + for … + to-infinitive 对某人来说做某事是……的 如：
It’s dangerous for children to play on the street.
3. Our government has many laws to protect the environment.我们的政府已有许多法律来保护环境。(P108)
动词不定式作目的状语。如：They set off fireworks to celebrate the Chinese New Year.
4. We are not allowed to cut down trees.我们不被允许砍树。(P108)
allow 允许；使有可能 allow sb to do sth. 允许某人做某事//allow doing sth. 允许做某事// Sb. be (not) allowed to do sth 某人（不）被允许做某事
1) Do you think Dad will allow you to go to Jamie’s party 你觉得爸爸会让你去杰米的聚会吗？
2) You’re not allowed to talk during the exam.考试期间不允许讲话。
3) We don’t allow walking on the grass.我们不允许在草地上走。
cut down砍伐
5. We depend on its rich resources to live.我们依赖于它丰富的资源去存活。(P109)
depend on需要；依赖，依靠
The country depends heavily on foreign aid.该国对外援的依赖非常严重。
He depended on his writing for his income.他靠写作谋生。
Charities depend on people supporting their activities.慈善机构的慈善活动要依靠民众的支持。
6. So it is important for us to protect it wisely.所以,我们明智地去保护它是重要的。(P109)
It is + adj. + for … + to-infinitive 对某人来说做某事是……的 如：
It is difficult for us to finish the work.
7. These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out.这些新能源花费少并且永远不会用尽。(P109)
run out用完，耗尽 // run out of sth.
You can borrow some money from me if you run out.如果你钱用光了我可以借给你。
Food had run out towards the end of the trip.在旅行快结束时, 食物已经吃完了。
We have run out of rice. Will you buy some at the grain shop nearby 我们的米已经吃完了, 到附近粮店买些好吗
I'm running out of petrol, so I have to stop at the next filling station.我把汽油用完了, 所以只得在下一个加油站停下来。
8. Air pollution is harmful to our health.空气污染对我们健康有害。(P116)
be harmful to…= do harm to…
Air pollution is harmful to our health.= Air pollution does harm to our health.
pollution n. 不可数名词 pollute vt. 污染
9. If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed by pollution.
如果我们不行动起来去改善环境,更多生物将会因污染丢掉性命。(P114)
If we do not act to improve the environment,是if引导的条件状语从句，谓语动词用一般现在时，主句常用一般将来时，此处为一般将来时的被动语态。more living things will be killed by pollution.= pollution will kill more living things.
10. Recycling is a good way to help reduce pollution.回收是一个减少污染的好方法。(P119)
动词不定式to help reduce pollution作后置定语修饰前面的名词way。如：
Spring is the best season to visit the place.
补充：
1. Are you serious 你是说真的？
serious adj. 严肃的，认真的
Please don’t laugh -- I’m being serious.请不要笑——我是认真的。
He was wearing a very serious expression and I knew something was wrong.他一脸严肃，我就知道出差错了。
be serious about对……严肃认真
She is always serious about her work.她总是对工作很认真。
More and more families own cars and this causes serious pollution.越来越多的家庭拥有汽车，这将导致严重的污染。
serious adj. 严重的；糟糕的
Drugs have become a serious problem in a lot of schools.吸毒在许多学校已经成了很严重的问题。
2. More and more families own cars and this causes serious pollution.
越来越多的家庭拥有汽车，这将导致严重的污染。
cause v. 导致，造成
I hope the children haven't caused you too much trouble.我希望孩子们没给你添太多麻烦。
A bad tooth can cause acute pain.一颗坏牙可能会导致剧烈的疼痛。
3. My dad used to drive me to school…我爸爸过去常常开车送我去学校……
used to do sth. 过去惯常，过去常常做…
She used to live in Glasgow.她曾在格拉斯哥住过。
She used to love cats but after one attacked her , she doesn’t like them any more.
她过去很喜欢猫，但自从被一只猫袭击过后，就再也不喜欢猫了。
4. Things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups…
像玻璃、塑料和纸张之类的东西会被分成不同类别……
separate v. (使)分成不同部分
The north and south of the country are separated by a mountain range.这个国家的南北两部分 被一条山脉隔开。
separate into把……分成……
We are separated into 4 groups.我们被分成4个组。
5. make a difference
make a difference意为“有影响，起作用”。表示“对……有影响，起作用”，则用make a difference to。
The sea air has made a difference to her health.海上的空气改善了她的健康状况。
A hot bath makes all the difference in the morning.上午洗个热水澡能让人精神振奋。
即时自测：
A.完成句子：根据所给汉语和句子意思,用英语补全句子。(中考指南2022年)
1.All of us_____________________ (有机会)think about what we do to protect the environment.
2. We'd better turn off the TV when it_____________________ (不在使用中).
3.Our environment is_____________________ (正在变糟)，so it's time for us to go green.
4.The students_____________________ (分成)different groups to work on the project last week.
5. Air pollution_____________________(对……有害) our health.
B.阅读短文，根据短文内容用英语回答问题,每题答案不超过5个单词。
You won’t feel good to stand on a crowded(拥挤的) subway(地铁). To make it worse, there’s often someone next to you eating loudly.
Eating and drinking is not rare on the subway in China. They may do this to save time, but the smell and noise annoys(打扰) others.
To change this, the Beijing government started banning people from eating and drinking on the subway. Eaters on the subway could face a fine(罚款) of up to 500 yuan.
Many people support the rule because they care for public manners(公开场合下的礼仪) in the city. Besides, eating and drinking on the subway is not healthy for both the eaters and the people around.
But others say that sometimes eating and drinking should be OK. “If a little child does so, how can you fine him 500 yuan ” said Jin Bo, a news commentator(评论员). But he said that people should pay attention to the problem.
“Eating on the subway is not only about the eaters. It annoys others. We should keep this in mind from a young age.”
Beijing is not the first city in China to fine such eaters. Subway eaters in Hong Kong face fines of up to 2,000 Hong Kong dollars(1,500 yuan).
1. Why are some people used to eating and drinking on the subway _____________________.
2. The article tells us about what problem on the subway
Some people ____________ on the subway.
3. Will eaters on the subway be fined _____________________.
4. What do many people think of the rule
It’s good for ____________ in the city.
5. Is Beijing the first city in China to fine such eaters _____________________.
四、语法知识：
一般将来时的被动语态。结构:“will be done/be going to be done”
命题热点:考查学生能在具体语言环境中正确、灵活地使用一般将来时的被动语态。
即时自测：
I. 用所给词的被动语态填空。
1.－ A new park ___________(build) in our hometown next year.
－ Really Our hometown must be more beautiful.
2. More money ____________(save) when we use both sides of paper.
3. The sports meeting ___________(hold) next month.
4. — How soon ____ all the work ___________(finish) — In a week.
5. Don’t worry. Your package ______________(keep) here until you come back, so enjoy shopping here.
Ⅱ.阅读下面的对话，用所给动词的适当形式填空。
Andy: Dad, look at those chimneys(烟囱)! They are causing lots of air pollution.
Dad: Yes. A report says that the factory (1)_____________ (move) out of this area next month.
Andy: But the air in other areas (2)______________ (pollute) when the factory is moved there. I just hope such factories (3)_____________ (close) down.
Dad: I agree. The good news is that in the near future, more laws (4)___________ (make) to prevent factories polluting the air and water.
Andy: Then factories (5)_______________ (not allow) to release unregulated waste(释放未经处理的废弃物).
Dad: Yes. If they keep polluting the environment, they (6) ______________ (punish).
Andy: Then the air will be cleaner and the water will be clearer.
Dad: I am sure a blue sky (7)__________ (see) soon.
8B Unit8Revision答案
一、词汇专练
即时自测：
【答案】
A.根据首字母或汉语提示及句意写出单词。
1.causes 2. Living 3. allowed 4. dug 5. steps 6. protect 7. punished 8. depend 9.wisely10.run 11. produce
B.根据短文意思和首字母填空,写出一个完整正确的单词。
1. know 2. food 3. However 4. between 5. temperature 6. started
7. activity8. lead 9. by 10.talking
二、短语归纳：
即时自测：
【答案】
1. to live a green life;2. running out; 3. to cut down;4. depends on;5. is separated into;
6. make/will make a difference;7. to take shorter showers ;8. to turn off;9. is cleaned up;
10. in place
三、佳句背诵
即时自测：
【答案】
A.完成句子
1.have a chance to; 2. is not in use; 3. changing for the worse;
4. were separated into/divided into; 5. is harmful to;
B.阅读短文，根据短文内容用英语回答问题,每题答案不超过5个单词。
1.To save time. 2.eat and drink; 3.Yes, they will. 4.public manners. 5.No, it isn’t.
四、语法知识
即时自测：
【答案】
I. 用所给词的被动语态填空。
1.will be built; 2.will be saved; 3.will be held; 4.will , be finished; 5.will be kept;
Ⅱ.阅读下面的对话，用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.will be moved; 2.will be polluted; 3.will be closed; 4.will be made; 5.won’t be allowed; 6.will be punished; 7.will be seen

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