山西省太原市2023-2024学年第二学期期中考试高二物理试题(图片版含答案)

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山西省太原市2023-2024学年第二学期期中考试高二物理试题(图片版含答案)

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A.图甲磁电式电表铝框骨架能起到电磁驱动的作用
2023~2024学年第二学期高二年级期中学业诊断
B.图乙电流表运输时,把正负接线柱用导线连在一起,利用的是电磁阻尼原理
C.图丙阻尼摆片摆动中产生感应电流,很快停下来
物理试卷
D.图丁变压器硅钢片相互绝缘叠加能减小涡流
4.如图所示,绝缘圆环a与金属圆环b同心共面放置,α带负电并绕中心0点顺时针转动,下列
(考试时间:下午4:30—6:00)
说明:本试卷为闭卷笔答,答题时间90分钟,满分100分。
说法正确的是
A.当α顺时针加速转动时,b产生顺时针方向电流并有扩张趋势
题号



总分
0
B.当a顺时针减速转动时,b产生逆时针方向电流并有扩张趋势
得分
C.当a顺时针匀加速转动时,b产生逆时针方向电流并有扩张趋势
D.当a顺时针匀速转动时,b不产生电流但有收缩趋势
一、单项选择题:本题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分。请将正确选项前字母标号填入下表内
5.如图所示电路中,线圈L电阻不计,D为理想二极管,下列说法正确的是
相应位置。
A.S闭合时,A不亮,B立即变亮
题号
3
4
5
6
9
10
B.S闭合时,A立即变亮,B逐渐变亮
答案
C.S断开时,A不亮,B立即熄灭
1.关于交变电流,下列说法正确的是
D.S断开时,A立即变亮,然后逐渐变暗至熄灭
A.手机电池提供的电流是交变电流
6.如图所示为甲、乙弹簧振子的振动图像,下列说法正确的是
B.交变电流可能是按正余弦规律变化的
个x/cm
C.交变电流的大小一定随时间做周期性变化
A.两弹簧振子的初相位不同
D.家用照明电压的大小随时间做周期性变化,方向不变
B.甲系统的机械能比乙系统的大
2.关于简谐运动,下列说法正确的是
C.甲、乙两弹簧振子加速度最大值之比为2:1
-2
A.弹簧振子的回复力在半个周期内的功一定为0
D.1=2s时,甲具有负方向最大速度,乙具有正方向最大位移
B.弹簧振子的回复力在半个周期内的冲量一定为0
C.若物体做简谐运动,合外力与位移的关系符合F=-:
7,男子蹦床比赛中,运动员某次下落从最高点到着网点用时0.8s,从着网点到最低点用时
D.物体所受合力大小与时间满足一次函数关系,物体一定做简谐运动
0.4s。运动员的质量为60kg,该过程中网对运动员的平均作用力约为
3.关于电磁感应,下列说法不正确的是
A.600N
B.1200N
C.1800N
D.2400N
摆片
mA
8.质量为m的物体静止在光滑水平面上,在水平恒力F的作用下,经时间:走过位移1,动量变
为p、动能变为E。若上述过程中F不变,物体的质量变为2m,下列说法正确的是
A.经过时间1,物体动量变为p
B.经过时间1,物体动能变为E
C.经过位移1,物体动量变为2印
D.经过位移1,物体动能变为2E
高二物理第1页(共8页)
高二物理第2页(共8页)2023~2024学年第二学期高二年级期中学业诊断
物理参考答案及评分建议
一、单项选择题:本题包含 10小题,每小题 3分,共 30分。
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
选项 B A A A D D C A D C
二、多项选择题:本题包含 5小题,每小题 3分,共 15分。
题号 11 12 13 14 15
选项 AC AC BC AB ABC
三、实验题:共 14分。
16.(6分)
(1) C (1分)
(2)19.80(2分)805.0(1分)
(3) (2分)
17.(8分)
(1)天平(2分)
(2)D (2分)
(3) 1 1 0 = 1 2 0 + 2 3 0(2分)
1( 1 0) = 1( 2 0) + 2( 3 0) 其他正确答案均可得分(2分)
四、计算题:共 41分。
18.(8分)
(1)甲车向右做减速运动,由动能定理得
f L 1 m v 2 11 m v
2
0 ····························································(1分)2 2
f 0 . 1m g ············································································· (1分)
1 = 2 m/s················································································ (1分)
(2)甲、乙车相碰时,组成系统动量守恒,以右为正方向
m v 1 2 m v 2 ·······································································(2分)
两车碰撞后嵌套在一起,向右做减速运动
2 f x 1 0 2 m v 22 ·····························································(2分)2
= 0.25m···················································································(1分)
19.(9分)
(1)设磁感应强度为 B,导线框边长为 l,导线框电阻为 R,质量为 m,
导线框进入磁场时
2 2 = ···················································································(2分)

2 2
= ······················································································(1分)

安培力方向与运动方向相反,v减小,加速度 a减小····························(1分)
(2)以右为正,导线框全部穿进磁场时速度为 v
由动量定理,导线框穿入磁场,以右为正方向
= 1································································(1分)
导线框穿出磁场
= 2 ································································(1分)

2 3
= ············································································(1分)

1 = 2 ·································································· (1分)
= 1+ 2 ····················································································(1分)
2
20.(11分)
(1)由右手定则 ,R中电流由 P→M······························································(2分)
(2)杆达到最大速度
mg sinθ = ILB··········································································································(1分)
I= = ······································································································· (2分)
+ +
Vm=
sin ( + )
2 2 ·································································································· (1分)
(3)由动量定理,以沿斜面向下为正方向
mgsinθ· t + ( ) = mV 0
+ m ··········································································································
(2分)
x为杆沿导轨达到最大速度时下滑距离
2 2 = ········································································· (1分)
+
由动能定理可知
mgsinθ· x+( = 1) 2 0·················································· (1分)安 2
2 2 2
Q = = ( + )sin 4 4 [ 2 2
3 ( + )]······································ (1分)
安 2
21.(13分)
(1)甲棒沿圆弧下落进入磁场时的速度为 v0 ,由动能定理
mgr 1 mv 20 0········································································ (1分)2
甲棒从进入磁场到与乙棒共速,甲、乙组成的系统动量守恒,以右为正方向
mv0 2mv1 ················································································ (2分)
由能量守恒,甲、乙两棒上产生的焦耳热设为 Q
Q 1 mv 2 1 2mv 20 1 ···································································(1分)2 2
甲棒上产生的焦耳热为Q1
Q 1 11 Q mgr ········································································(1分)2 4
(2)从甲棒进入磁场到甲、乙共速,甲棒相对乙棒运动的距离设为 x,
以乙棒为研究对象
B2L2 v
t mv1 0································································ (2分)2R
B2L2 x
mv1 ···········································································(1分)2R
乙棒初始位置 EE'离磁场边界 CC'的距离为 x
mR 2gr
x x ······································································(1分)
B2L2
(3)开关闭合以后,甲、乙棒一起做加速度减小的减速运动,直到静止,
根据能量守恒,回路中产生的总焦耳热设为 Q'
Q 1 2mv 21 ···············································································(1分)2
R上产生的焦耳热为 Q2
Q 22 Q ···················································································(2分)3
Q 12 mgr ················································································ (1分)3

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