资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
1.掌握本单元的重点词汇、短语、句型；
2.掌握本单元的重要语法含情态动词的被动语态；
3. 单元话题范文赏析；
4. 掌握完形填空词汇复现的解题方法。
Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
青少年应该被允许选择他们自己的衣服。
【剖析】
(1)should be allowed“应该被允许”, 是含情态动词的被动语态结构, 其中should是情态动词, 意为“应该”。注意allow的三种搭配:
①be allowed to do sth. “被允许做某事”
②allow sb. to do sth. “允许某人做某事”
Please allow me to carry your bag.
③allow doing sth. “允许做某事”
They don’t allow smoking here.
He needs to spend more time on his homework because becoming a professional sports
star is difficult dream.
【剖析】他需要在作业上花费更多的时间，因为成为职业的体育明星是一个困难的梦。
基本用法: 本句中运用了spend的用法以及动名词做主语。
spend 的用法如下：
spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构：
spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。如：
I spent two hours on this maths problem.
spend time ／money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。如：
They spent two years (in) building this bridge.
在“ becoming a professional sports star is difficult dream”中动名词做的主语。如：
Climbing mountains is really fun. 。
Shopping on line is quite popular among many young people nowadays.
注意：当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构。 这时，名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语。
Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
Sixteen-year-olds shouldn’t be allowed to get their ears pierced.
不应该允许16岁的青少年穿耳洞。
【剖析】
get their ears pierced意为“穿耳洞”, 此处pierced是动词pierce的过去分词形式。“get/have+名词/代词+过去分词”结构, 意为“让某事被做”, 其中过去分词作宾语补足语, 表示被动意义, 与宾语之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。sixteen-year-olds 名词，意为“16岁的青少年”,相当于sixteen-year-old boys and girls。
注意：
have sth. done意为“让某事被做”, 其中过去分词与宾语(sth. )之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
have sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”, 其中动词原形与宾语(sb. )之间存在逻辑上的主动关系。
sixteen-year-olds，sixteen-year-old与sixteen years old.
sixteen-year-olds“16岁的青少年”，是名词，在“基数词-名词（单数）-形容词”结构中，形容词后加-s表示一类人或事物。例：
Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to go out at night.
sixteen-year-old“16岁的”，是由“基数词-名词（单数）-形容词”构成的复合形容词，在句中通常做定语修饰名词。例：
My pen pal is a sixteen-year-old boy.
sixteen years old“16岁”，用来描述人的年龄，常在句中作表语。例：
My brother is sixteen years old.
We have nothing against running! 我们不反对跑步!
【剖析】
have nothing against意为“毫不反对……”, 其中against是介词, 常和be构成短语, be against
“反对……”, 其反义词组是be for意为“支持……”。后都跟动名词形式
against的其他用法:
逆; 对着： It’s difficult to sail against the current.
倚; 靠： His desk is against the wall.
以……为背景： The little red house looks so beautiful against the green woods.
防备; 预防： We bought some warm clothes against the coming winter.
不利于： She has said nothing against you.
Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream.
只有那样我才有机会实现我的梦想。
【剖析】
本句是only引起的倒装句，即“Only+状语+助动词、be动词、情态动词+主语+其他”。
在句首的only 如果后面跟副词、介词短语或从句等作状语，则主句用部分倒装。如果only 后跟的只是主语，则不用倒装例：
Only in this way can you learn English well.
Only five people were hurt in the car accident.
Do you think we might be allowed to take photos if we don't use a bright light
你觉得如果我们不用闪光灯的话，可能被允许拍照吗？
基本用法：
本句中we might be allowed to take photos if we don't use a bright light 做think的宾语，宾语从句中包含了一个条件状语从句，条件状语从句采用“主将从现”，主将从现包含“主情从现”，即主句含有情态动词，从句用现在时。
You must hand in your homework if you finish it.
本句中might be allowed to...是一个含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构是：情态动词+be +过去分词，具体可参看本部分的重点语法。
Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.
Excuse me. Is it okay to take photos of the paintings in the gallery
句型运用
汉译英
我认为16岁的孩子不应该被允许开。
______________________________________________________________________
我后悔顶嘴，没有听妈妈的话。
______________________________________________________________________
你认为我们必须让青少年远离互联网吗？
______________________________________________________________________
父母不应该对青少年太严格。
______________________________________________________________________
我认为我应该被允许自己做这个选择。
_______________________________________________________________________
英译汉
1.He needs to spend more time on his homework because becoming a professional sports
star is difficult dream.
______________________________________________________________
2.Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
______________________________________________________________
3.Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream.
______________________________________________________________
4.My wife and I have supported every one of his races.
______________________________________________________________
5.When I was nine watching scary movies. She said it’d give me awful dreams.
______________________________________________________________
以下是含情态动词的被动语态。仔细观察例句, 体会画线部分的结构。
1. I think students should be allowed to do homework with friends.
2. Sixteen-year-olds should not be allowed to drive.
3. The work can be finished in two days.
4. He hopes that his reasons may be understood.
5. Something must be done to protect the wild animals.
1. 含情态动词的被动语态的构成: 情态动词(can, may, must, should等)+be+及物动词的过去分词。
2. 含情态动词的被动语态的句式:
否定句式: 主语+情态动词+not+be+及物动词的过去分词+(by. . . ).
疑问句式: 情态动词+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+(by. . . )
语法运用
1.Liu Yu's parents have nothing against __________ (run) .
2.English _________(speak) by many people around the world.
3.They __________ (agree) with each other, so argued for a long time.
4.Should kids_________( allow) to make your own decisions at home
5.I study hard and I want to become a ___________ (profession) engineer.
6.The tree ____________ (plant) by his grandma grows well.
7.Your hair is too long. It should ____________ (cut) tomorrow.
8.In many western countries, teenagers __________ (allow) to move out at eighteen.
9.A new school __________ (build) next year.
10.I didn’t regret __________ (say) these words. That’s just what I want to say.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
1.掌握本单元的重点词汇、短语、句型；
2.掌握本单元的重要语法含情态动词的被动语态；
3. 单元话题范文赏析；
4. 掌握完形填空词汇复现的解题方法。
Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
青少年应该被允许选择他们自己的衣服。
【剖析】
(1)should be allowed“应该被允许”, 是含情态动词的被动语态结构, 其中should是情态动词, 意为“应该”。注意allow的三种搭配:
①be allowed to do sth. “被允许做某事”
②allow sb. to do sth. “允许某人做某事”
Please allow me to carry your bag.
③allow doing sth. “允许做某事”
They don’t allow smoking here.
He needs to spend more time on his homework because becoming a professional sports
star is difficult dream.
【剖析】他需要在作业上花费更多的时间，因为成为职业的体育明星是一个困难的梦。
基本用法: 本句中运用了spend的用法以及动名词做主语。
spend 的用法如下：
spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构：
spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。如：
I spent two hours on this maths problem.
spend time ／money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。如：
They spent two years (in) building this bridge.
在“ becoming a professional sports star is difficult dream”中动名词做的主语。如：
Climbing mountains is really fun. 。
Shopping on line is quite popular among many young people nowadays.
注意：当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构。 这时，名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语。
Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
Sixteen-year-olds shouldn’t be allowed to get their ears pierced.
不应该允许16岁的青少年穿耳洞。
【剖析】
get their ears pierced意为“穿耳洞”, 此处pierced是动词pierce的过去分词形式。“get/have+名词/代词+过去分词”结构, 意为“让某事被做”, 其中过去分词作宾语补足语, 表示被动意义, 与宾语之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。sixteen-year-olds 名词，意为“16岁的青少年”,相当于sixteen-year-old boys and girls。
注意：
have sth. done意为“让某事被做”, 其中过去分词与宾语(sth. )之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
have sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”, 其中动词原形与宾语(sb. )之间存在逻辑上的主动关系。
sixteen-year-olds，sixteen-year-old与sixteen years old.
sixteen-year-olds“16岁的青少年”，是名词，在“基数词-名词（单数）-形容词”结构中，形容词后加-s表示一类人或事物。例：
Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to go out at night.
sixteen-year-old“16岁的”，是由“基数词-名词（单数）-形容词”构成的复合形容词，在句中通常做定语修饰名词。例：
My pen pal is a sixteen-year-old boy.
sixteen years old“16岁”，用来描述人的年龄，常在句中作表语。例：
My brother is sixteen years old.
We have nothing against running! 我们不反对跑步!
【剖析】
have nothing against意为“毫不反对……”, 其中against是介词, 常和be构成短语, be against
“反对……”, 其反义词组是be for意为“支持……”。后都跟动名词形式
against的其他用法:
逆; 对着： It’s difficult to sail against the current.
倚; 靠： His desk is against the wall.
以……为背景： The little red house looks so beautiful against the green woods.
防备; 预防： We bought some warm clothes against the coming winter.
不利于： She has said nothing against you.
Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream.
只有那样我才有机会实现我的梦想。
【剖析】
本句是only引起的倒装句，即“Only+状语+助动词、be动词、情态动词+主语+其他”。
在句首的only 如果后面跟副词、介词短语或从句等作状语，则主句用部分倒装。如果only 后跟的只是主语，则不用倒装例：
Only in this way can you learn English well.
Only five people were hurt in the car accident.
Do you think we might be allowed to take photos if we don't use a bright light
你觉得如果我们不用闪光灯的话，可能被允许拍照吗？
基本用法：
本句中we might be allowed to take photos if we don't use a bright light 做think的宾语，宾语从句中包含了一个条件状语从句，条件状语从句采用“主将从现”，主将从现包含“主情从现”，即主句含有情态动词，从句用现在时。
You must hand in your homework if you finish it.
本句中might be allowed to...是一个含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构是：情态动词+be +过去分词，具体可参看本部分的重点语法。
Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.
Excuse me. Is it okay to take photos of the paintings in the gallery
句型运用
汉译英
我认为16岁的孩子不应该被允许开。
______________________________________________________________________
我后悔顶嘴，没有听妈妈的话。
______________________________________________________________________
你认为我们必须让青少年远离互联网吗？
______________________________________________________________________
父母不应该对青少年太严格。
______________________________________________________________________
我认为我应该被允许自己做这个选择。
_______________________________________________________________________
英译汉
1.He needs to spend more time on his homework because becoming a professional sports
star is difficult dream.
______________________________________________________________
2.Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
______________________________________________________________
3.Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream.
______________________________________________________________
4.My wife and I have supported every one of his races.
______________________________________________________________
5.When I was nine watching scary movies. She said it’d give me awful dreams.
______________________________________________________________
Keys:略
以下是含情态动词的被动语态。仔细观察例句, 体会画线部分的结构。
1. I think students should be allowed to do homework with friends.
2. Sixteen-year-olds should not be allowed to drive.
3. The work can be finished in two days.
4. He hopes that his reasons may be understood.
5. Something must be done to protect the wild animals.
1. 含情态动词的被动语态的构成: 情态动词(can, may, must, should等)+be+及物动词的过去分词。
2. 含情态动词的被动语态的句式:
否定句式: 主语+情态动词+not+be+及物动词的过去分词+(by. . . ).
疑问句式: 情态动词+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+(by. . . )
语法运用
1.Liu Yu's parents have nothing against __________ (run) .
2.English _________(speak) by many people around the world.
3.They __________ (agree) with each other, so argued for a long time.
4.Should kids_________( allow) to make your own decisions at home
5.I study hard and I want to become a ___________ (profession) engineer.
6.The tree ____________ (plant) by his grandma grows well.
7.Your hair is too long. It should ____________ (cut) tomorrow.
8.In many western countries, teenagers __________ (allow) to move out at eighteen.
9.A new school __________ (build) next year.
10.I didn’t regret __________ (say) these words. That’s just what I want to say.
Keys：1. running 2. is spoken 3. disagreed 4. be allowed 5. professional
6.planted 7. be cut 8. aren’t allowed 9. will be built 10. saying
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

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