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2024年1月浙江高考英语真题卷
ABCD阅读理解篇基础知识点总结
（A）
Tom Sawyer Play Is an Adventure
A 35-minute hand-clapping, foot-stomping musical version of a Mark Twain favorite returns with this Tall Stacks festival.
“Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the good stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island and the cave. It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor. That’s the local stage writing team that creates many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals, along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.
This year Nathan Turner of Burlington is Tom Sawyer, and Robbie McMath of Fort Mitchell is Huck Finn.
Tumer, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act or of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.
McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky’s Governor’s School for the Arts in Musical Theatre.
Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer.” For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.
任务一：重点单词学习
1. Adapted
- 音标: / d pt d/
- 释义: 经过改编的，改写的
- 词组搭配:
1. "The novel was adapted into a successful movie."（这部小说被改编成了一部成功的电影。）
2. "The play was adapted for a younger audience."（这个剧本是为年轻观众改编的。）
- 派生词: adaptability (适应性)
2. Graveyard
- 音标: / ɡre vjɑ rd/
- 释义: 墓地，坟场
- 词组搭配:
1. "The old church had a graveyard in the back."（那座古老的教堂后面有一个墓地。）
2. "They walked quietly through the graveyard."（他们在墓地里静静地走着。）
- 派生词: None
3. Presence
- 音标: / pr zns/
- 释义: 存在，出现，出席
- 词组搭配:
1. "Her presence at the meeting was greatly appreciated."（她在会议上的出席受到了极大的赞赏。）
2. "The presence of police officers made the crowd uneasy."（警察的出现使人群感到不安。）
- 派生词: present (出席，目前的)
4. Regular
- 音标: / r ɡj l r/
- 释义: 定期的，经常的，正常的
- 词组搭配:
1. "He's a regular customer at the café."（他是这家咖啡馆的常客。）
2. "Regular exercise is important for maintaining good health."（定期锻炼对保持良好健康很重要。）
- 派生词: regularly (定期地，经常地)
5. Downloadable
- 音标: / da n lo d bl/
- 释义: 可下载的
- 词组搭配:
1. "The software comes with downloadable updates."（该软件配有可下载的更新。）
2. "You can find downloadable resources on the website."（你可以在网站上找到可下载的资源。）
- 派生词: download (下载), download (下载的文件)
任务二：高级词组搭配
1. Hand-clapping, foot-stomping
- 释义: 拍手叫好，踩脚节奏
- 例句: The audience couldn't help but join in the hand-clapping, foot-stomping excitement of the performance.
- 例句翻译: 观众情不自禁地加入到表演的拍手叫好和踩脚节奏的激动中。
2. Original musicals
- 释义: 原创音乐剧
- 例句: The theater company is known for its groundbreaking original musicals that captivate audiences.
- 例句翻译: 这个剧院以引人入胜的开创性原创音乐剧而闻名。
3. Leading roles
- 释义: 主演角色
- 例句: She has performed in several leading roles in major productions, showcasing her incredible talent.
- 例句翻译: 她在几部重大作品中饰演了主演角色，展示了她不可思议的才华。
4. Study guide
- 释义: 学习指南
- 例句: The study guide provided valuable insights and discussion points for students exploring the themes of the novel.
- 例句翻译: 这份学习指南为学生们探索小说主题提供了宝贵的见解和讨论点。
5. Junior at
- 释义: ...的大三学生
- 例句: She's currently a junior at the university, majoring in biology.
- 例句翻译: 她目前是该大学的大三学生，主修生物学。
6. First performed
- 释义: 首次演出
- 例句: The play was first performed in New York to critical acclaim.
- 例句翻译: 这部戏在纽约首次演出，获得了评论界的好评。
7. Regular at
- 释义: 经常在...出现的人
- 例句: He's a regular at the local pub, often seen chatting with friends over a pint.
- 例句翻译: 他经常在当地酒吧露面，经常能看到他边喝着一品脱啤酒边和朋友聊天。
8. Fresh from
- 释义: 刚刚从...来的
- 例句: She's fresh from her trip to Europe, full of stories about her adventures abroad.
- 例句翻译: 她刚从欧洲之行回来，满腹关于她在国外冒险的故事。
（B）
When was the last time you used a telephone box I mean to make an actual phone call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago, right The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was…2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more ”young professional”.
As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.
As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.
For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!
If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me.
任务一：重点单词学习
1. Conducting
- 音标: /k n d kt /
- 详细释义: 进行，实施
- 词组搭配:
1. "He's conducting research into renewable energy."（他正在进行可再生能源的研究。）
2. "The orchestra conductor is conducting a performance tonight."（今晚交响乐团指挥将指挥一场演出。）
- 派生词: conduct (行为，实施)
2. Impress
- 音标: / m pr s/
- 详细释义: 使印象深刻，给予好感
- 词组搭配:
1. "She impressed the interviewers with her confidence and knowledge."（她以自信和知识给面试官留下了深刻的印象。）
2. "The team hopes to impress their coach with their performance."（团队希望通过表现给教练留下好印象。）
- 派生词: impressive (令人印象深刻的), impression (印象)
3. Landlady
- 音标: / l nd le di/
- 详细释义: 女房东，女房东太太
- 词组搭配:
1. "The landlady lives in the apartment building and manages the rental properties."（女房东住在公寓楼里，管理着出租物业。）
2. "Our landlady is very strict about noise after 10 PM."（我们的女房东对晚上十点后的噪音非常严格。）
- 派生词: landlord (房东), landlording (房东的行为)
4. Community
- 音标: /k mju n ti/
- 详细释义: 社区，社会团体，共同体
- 词组搭配:
1. "They organized a community cleanup event to beautify the neighborhood."（他们组织了一次社区清洁活动，美化社区。）
2. "The library serves as a hub for community activities."（图书馆是社区活动的中心。）
- 派生词: communal (共同的), community (社区的)
5. Voluminous
- 音标: /v lu m n s/
- 详细释义: 庞大的，大量的
- 词组搭配:
1. "She carried a voluminous backpack filled with books."（她背着一个装满书籍的庞大背包。）
2. "The report contains voluminous data that will take weeks to analyze."（这份报告包含了大量数据，需要几周时间进行分析。）
- 派生词: volume (音量，体积)
任务二：高级词组搭配
1. Intended purpose
- 释义: 预期用途
- 例句: I bought this tool for its intended purpose, but I've found other uses for it as well.
- 例句翻译: 我买这个工具是为了它的预期用途，但我也发现了其他用途。
2. Locked outside
- 释义: 被锁在外面
- 例句: I accidentally locked myself outside the house and had to call a locksmith.
- 例句翻译: 我不小心把自己锁在了屋外，不得不叫了一个锁匠。
3. Managing agent
- 释义: 管理代理人
- 例句: The managing agent handles all the maintenance requests for the rental properties.
- 例句翻译: 管理代理人负责处理租赁物业的维修请求。
4. Public telephones
- 释义: 公用电话
- 例句: Public telephones have become increasingly rare with the popularity of mobile phones.
- 例句翻译: 随着手机的普及，公用电话越来越少见了。
5. Mini community library
- 释义: 迷你社区图书馆
- 例句: The mini community library encourages residents to share books with each other.
- 例句翻译: 迷你社区图书馆鼓励居民相互分享书籍。
6. Spring cleans
- 释义: 春季大扫除
- 例句: Every year, she does spring cleans to declutter and organize her home.
- 例句翻译: 每年，她都会春季大扫除，清理和整理她的家。
7. Unbeatable price-point
- 释义: 无与伦比的价格点
- 例句: The store's unbeatable price-point attracts customers from all over the city.
- 例句翻译: 这家店无与伦比的价格吸引了来自全城的顾客。、
（C）
On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (花暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary’s southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years “Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail,” Mr. Stienwan d says, “but they’re increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be cousing drought.” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”
One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”
Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.
任务一：重点单词学习
1. Hailstorm
- 音标: / he l st rm/
- 详细释义: 冰雹暴风雨
- 词组搭配:
1. "The hailstorm damaged many cars parked outside."（冰雹暴风雨损坏了许多停在外面的汽车。）
2. "Residents took shelter indoors during the violent hailstorm."（居民在猛烈的冰雹暴风雨中躲进室内避难。）
- 派生词: hail (冰雹)
2. Suppression
- 音标: /s pr n/
- 详细释义: 抑制，镇压
- 词组搭配:
1. "The government enacted laws for the suppression of rebellion."（政府颁布了镇压叛乱的法律。）
2. "Efforts are underway for the suppression of drug trafficking."（正在进行镇压贩毒活动的努力。）
- 派生词: suppress (镇压), suppressive (抑制性的)
3. Precious
- 音标: / pr s/
- 详细释义: 珍贵的，宝贵的
- 词组搭配:
1. "Time spent with family is precious."（与家人在一起的时间是宝贵的。）
2. "She kept the ring as a precious memento of her grandmother."（她把戒指当作她祖母的宝贵纪念品保存着。）
- 派生词: preciousness (珍贵), precious (贵重的)
4. Drought
- 音标: /dra t/
- 详细释义: 干旱，旱灾
- 词组搭配:
1. "The region suffered from a severe drought last summer."（该地区去年夏天遭受了严重的干旱。）
2. "Farmers struggled to grow crops during the drought."（农民在干旱期间艰难种植庄稼。）
- 派生词: droughty (干旱的), droughtiness (干旱)
5. Seeding
- 音标: / si d /
- 详细释义: 播种，播放
- 词组搭配:
1. "They began seeding the fields in early spring."（他们在初春开始播种田地。）
2. "The company is responsible for seeding clouds to induce rain."（这家公司负责播种云来引发雨水。）
- 派生词: seed (种子), seedling (幼苗)
任务二：高级词组搭配
1. Threatening storm cells
- 意思: 威胁性的风暴细胞
- 例句: The radar detected several threatening storm cells moving towards the city.
- 例句翻译: 雷达探测到几个威胁性的风暴细胞朝着城市移动。
2. Cloud seeding
- 意思: 人工增雨
- 例句: The government invested in cloud seeding to alleviate the drought in the region.
- 例句翻译: 政府投资进行了人工增雨，以缓解该地区的干旱。
3. Relative legal safety
- 意思: 相对法律安全性
- 例句: Despite the controversy, cloud-seeding companies operate in relative legal safety.
- 例句翻译: 尽管存在争议，人工增雨公司在相对法律安全的环境中运营。
4. Scientific proof
- 意思: 科学证据
- 例句: The debate continues due to the lack of scientific proof regarding the effectiveness of cloud seeding.
- 例句翻译: 由于缺乏关于人工增雨有效性的科学证据，争论仍在继续。
5. Killer storms
- 意思: 致命风暴
- 例句: Some researchers speculate that cloud seeding may unintentionally lead to the formation of killer storms.
- 例句翻译: 一些研究人员推测，人工增雨可能会无意中导致致命风暴的形成。
（D）
The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connect ion between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.
As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’ re not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.
We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.
A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.
任务一：重点单词学习
1. Marshmallow
- 音标: / mɑ r m l /
- 详细释义: 棉花糖
- 词组搭配:
1. marshmallow test - 棉花糖测试
2. marshmallow treat - 棉花糖零食
- 派生词:
1. marshmallowy - 棉花糖般的
2. marshmallowiness - 棉花糖般的特质
2. Tempted
- 音标: / t mpt d/
- 详细释义: 受到诱惑的
- 词组搭配:
1. tempted by - 被...诱惑
2. resist temptation - 抵制诱惑
- 派生词:
1. temptation - 诱惑
2. tempter - 诱惑者
3. Ancestors
- 音标: / ns st rz/
- 详细释义: 祖先，祖宗
- 词组搭配:
1. ancestors' legacy - 祖先的遗产
2. trace ancestry - 追溯祖先
- 派生词:
1. ancestral - 祖先的
2. ancestry - 家世，血统
4. Response mechanism
- 音标: /r sp ns m k n z m/
- 详细释义: 反应机制
- 词组搭配:
1. automatic response mechanism - 自动反应机制
2. physiological response mechanism - 生理反应机制
- 派生词:
1. responsive - 反应迅速的
2. mechanistic - 机械式的
5. Formative
- 音标: / f m t v/
- 详细释义: 形成的，发展的
- 词组搭配:
1. formative years - 形成时期
2. formative experience - 形成经历
- 派生词:
1. form - 形成，塑造
2. formation - 形成，组织
6. Bombarded
- 音标: /b m bɑ d d/
- 详细释义: 被轰炸的，不断被影响的
- 词组搭配:
1. bombarded with - 被...轰炸
2. constantly bombarded - 不断受到影响的
- 派生词:
1. bombardment - 轰炸
2. bombardier - 轰炸机手
任务二：高级词组搭配
1. Global delivery system
- 全球交付系统
- Example: The internet acts as a global delivery system for various goods and services, facilitating international trade.（互联网作为各种商品和服务的全球交付系统，促进了国际贸易。）
2. Response to information
- 对信息的反应
- Example: Human brains have evolved to have a rapid response to information, enabling quick decision-making in various situations.（人类大脑进化出对信息的快速反应，使其能够在各种情况下做出快速决策。）
3. Mental "junk food"
- 心理上的“垃圾食品”
- Example: Mindlessly scrolling through social media can be compared to consuming mental "junk food" as it provides little nourishment for the mind.（毫无目的地在社交媒体上滚动可以类比于消费心理上的“垃圾食品”，因为它对大脑的营养帮助甚微。）
4. Caloric consumption
- 卡路里摄入
- Example: Monitoring caloric consumption is essential for maintaining a healthy diet and managing weight.（监控卡路里摄入量对于保持健康的饮食和控制体重至关重要。）
5. Information consumption
- 信息消费
- Example: In the digital age, people must be discerning about their information consumption to avoid being overwhelmed by irrelevant or misleading content.（在数字化时代，人们必须慎重对待他们的信息消费，以避免被无关或误导性内容所淹没。）
6. Connectivity has greatly changed
- 连通性发生了巨大变化
- Example: The advent of smartphones and social media platforms means that connectivity has greatly changed, reshaping how we interact and access information.（智能手机和社交媒体平台的出现意味着连通性发生了巨大变化，重塑了我们的互动方式和获取信息的途径。）
7. Manage our time most effectively
- 最有效地管理我们的时间
- Example: Learning to prioritize tasks and minimize distractions is crucial to manage our time most effectively and achieve productivity.（学会优先处理任务和减少干扰对于最有效地管理时间和提高工作效率至关重要。）
8. Reshaped the world around us
- 重塑了我们周围的世界
- Example: Technological advancements have reshaped the world around us, altering how we live, work, and communicate with one another.（技术进步已经重塑了我们周围的世界，改变了我们的生活、工作和彼此之间的交流方式。）

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