资源简介

(共35张PPT)
Lesson 27
Nothing to Sell and Nothing to buy
It has been said that everyone lives by selling something.
It is said that … 据说
live by 靠…方式谋生,以某种职业为生
live by teaching 以教书为职谋生
live by wits 靠聪明或欺骗谋生
live on 靠…为生,依靠某种食物维持生命, 或靠某人生活
live on income 靠薪水度日
live through 活过，度过，熬过
live through the bitter winter 熬过了严冬
In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling know-ledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort.
in the light of 根据，考虑到
according to/in view of/considering(常放在句首)/allowing for
philosopher n. 哲学家
philosophy n.
1)哲学
2）人生信条，人生观
eg. My philosophy is problem free. 我的人生信条是无忧无虑
3）高深的学问
phD.: Doctor of philosophy
Post Doctorate 博士后
wisdom n.智慧 （wise adj. 明智的, 聪明的）
-- He showed great wisdom.
-- He is a man of wisdom.
= He is a wise man.
question the wisdom 怀疑（此举）是否明智
Wit：(思考和作出迅速判断的)能力
at one's wit's end 智穷计尽
at the end of one's rope 江郎才尽
be scared out of one's wits 被吓得魂不附体了
pit your wits against sb 用智慧与他人对抗，抗衡
intelligent adj. 智商高 intellectual adj.有知识
smart adj.(年轻人)聪颖，机灵的 brilliant adj. 才华横溢的
shrewd adj. 精明的（指政治家， 商人）
witty adj. 诙谐，机智幽默的
spiritual adj.精神上的, 灵魂的
-- spiritual life 精神生活,
spiritual need 精神上的需要
spiritual wealth 精神财富
spiritual civilization 精神文明
material civilization 物质文明
spirit 精神，灵魂
spirited adj.精神饱满的, 生机勃勃的, 勇敢的
-- a spirited girl 一个勇敢的女孩
-- low-spirited 沮丧的,
high-spirited 兴奋的
-- public-spirited 热心公益的,
a spirited debate 热烈的辩论
Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.
in terms of 按照, 在...方面, 就…而言, 关于
-- He thinks of every thing in terms of people’s interests.
in terms of = in respect of（关于, 就…来说）
= with regard to
come to terms with 甘心忍受，接受某种不愉快的事实。
come to terms 达成协议，和解
be on good terms with (be friendly with sb) 关系友好
be on bad terms with 关系不好
measure v. n.
measure the value of 衡量价值
measure the distance 测量距离
measure one’s length全身跌倒在地上
measure up to胜任
eg. I don’t think he can measure up to his new task.
我觉得他不能胜任起新任务。
n. beyond measure ：very great or very much 非常，…之极，…无法形容
perform 演出，表演，执行，履行
perform services 提供服务 (offer services)
perform a promise 履行诺言
perform a duty 完成职责
perform an operation 做手术
perform an experiment 做实验
perform a trick 变戏法
There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service.
would willingly do sth 非常愿意
grudge vt.吝啬, 不愿给, 勉强给
grudge doing sth 勉强，不情愿，不甘心
grudge sb sth 嫉妒别人有什么东西
grudge n. 怨恨，恶意
have/ bear a grudge against sb 对某人怀有恶意
there are times when 有时
there was a time when 有一段时期/时间
times 日子，生活
Hard Times 《艰难时世》 by Charles Dickens
at all times 多种具体的不同的时间，一些具体的零星时间
eg. You can drop in at all times. 你可以随时来拜访。
in times of real need 在确实需要的时候
The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.
the conditions of society are such = Such are the conditions of society
…in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.
that=inwhich(in the same way)在从句中起状语作用，因此这里的 that 做关系副词
Everyone has something to sell. Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule.
be an exception to sth 是…的例外
eg. My short brother was an exception to our family tradition of tall men.
我们家的男子历来长得高大，我那矮小的兄弟则是个例外。
make an exception of 使of后面的东西成为例外
eg. The general rule makes an exception of tramps.
Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule.
tramp n.(the person who become homeless and jobless)流浪汉
eg. A group of tramps huddled around a fire.
一群流浪汉围着火堆取暖。
vagrant: 游荡者， 漂泊者，流浪汉
vagabond： 游手好闲的浪荡子
waifs and strays：无家可归的孩子
Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by.
sell themselves as beggars 把他们自己当成乞丐来出卖（as 介词当作……）
复数 passers-by 过路人
语法点： 复合名词的复数要在中心词后加-s 或- es
looker-on 旁观者 （复） lookers-on
baby-sitter 保姆 （复） baby-sitters
man-surgeon 男外科医生 （复） man-surgeons
arouse v. 引起，激起，唤醒
arouse sympathy 激起同情和怜悯
arouse curiosity 引起好奇心
arouse interest 激发兴趣
arouse instinct to risk 激起某人的冒险本能
But real tramps are not beggars.
They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others.
In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity.
in seeking independence = in the course of seeking independence
seek vt.追求
seek peace/opportunities/aid/fortune/advice
seek trouble 找麻烦
seek vi.
seek for 寻找
seek for a job/ an answer/ a reason/ the truth
dignity n.尊严
human dignity 人格尊严
personal dignity 人格尊严
national dignity 民族尊严
lose one's dignity 失去尊严
spoil/ harm/ damage one's dignity 有辱尊严
be beneath one's dignity 有失身份
stand on one’s dignity 保持尊严
with great dignity 仪态大方
dignify vt.使有尊严, 使高贵
dignified adj.高贵的，有尊严的
indignity n. 屈辱
A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him.
He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences.
deliberately adv.故意地= on purpose
deliberate 1.故意的
a deliberate lie 故意撒谎
a deliberate insult 蓄意侮辱
2.从容的，精心的
a deliberate speech 镇定自若的讲演
a deliberate thought 深思熟虑的想法
a deliberate movement 精心策划的行动
intentionally 故意地 (强调目的性)
consequence n.后果, 结果
in consequence 因此, 结果
in consequence of... 因为...的缘故, 由于
face the consequence of 面对…的后果
take the consequences of… 承担…责任
-- You have to take the consequences of the accidence.
as a result of 因为
chosen to lead the life he leads
to live as he believes 选择过心甘情愿的生活
He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people.
afflict v.使苦恼, 折磨
be afflicted with… 受…的折磨
-- He is afflicted with a disease
affliction n.痛苦, 苦恼
afflictive adj.带给人痛苦的, 苦恼的, 难受的
be free from… 不受…的影响, 免于... = without
-- The old lady is never free from pain.
-- free from error 没有错误,
free from anxiety 没有忧虑
-- He is leading a life free from care and anxieties.
a spring free from wind 没有风的春天
keep you wound free from dirt 不要让伤口沾上灰尘
free of obligations 免于职责（义务）
free from fear 摆脱恐惧
free from care / problem 无忧无虑
-free （后缀， “免”） 变成名词
problem-free /care-free 无忧无虑
duty-free 免去责任
sugar-free 不加糖
His few material possession make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease.
ease n.1.容易
with ease 熟练地, 轻而易举地
at ease 安逸, 自由自在
be/feel ill at ease 局促不安, 心神不宁
put sb. at his ease 使某人宽心
win the game with ease 轻松的赢得比赛
win with no sweat 不费吹灰之力
win hands down 易如反掌
2） feeling comfortable 舒适感、安逸感
at ease 休闲地
feel at ease 感觉舒适
look at ease 看上去一脸安详
put /set sb. at (their) ease使某人安心
eg. The nurses do all they can to put the patient at his ease.
护士尽量使病人安心。
a life of ease 过着舒适的无忧无虑的生活
stand at ease 稍息（军）
By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do.
get closer / nearer to 接近，贴合
get further to 取得进展
He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom.
keep alive 维持生存
alive: not dead 活着的
living: alive now 现存的
a living memory 鲜活的记忆
a living language 现存的语言
a living skeleton 一个骨瘦如柴的人
lively 快活的
a lively song 轻快的歌
a lively mind 灵活的头脑
a lively vacation 愉快的假期
lively imagination 丰富的想象力
live adj.现场转播
a live band 现场乐队
a live audience 现场观众
a live performance 现场表演
a live bomb 有爆炸力的炸弹
active volcano 活火山
We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care
contempt n.蔑视
in contempt of… 不顾…
-- In contempt of his father’s objection he went aboard.
　　
hold/have sb. in contempt 鄙视某人
= look down upon sb
-- I hold him in contempt because he has nothing to do every day.
contemptible adj.可鄙的, 不齿的, 可轻视的
-- He is a contemptible person.
contemptuous adj.轻蔑的, 傲慢的, 轻视的
envious adj.希望得到别人所应有的东西 （羡慕的），嫉妒的
an envious look 羡慕的嫉妒的表情
be envious of sth 特别嫉妒…
envy v.
envy sb sth
eg. Envy a young man his youth and strength.
嫉妒一个年轻人所拥有的青春和力量。
jealous : (常含贬义)
a jealous husband 爱吃醋的丈夫
speak of sb/sth
1)以…情感谈及某人
speak of sb with admiration
eg. The little boy speaks of Napoleon with great admiration
小男孩在谈到拿破仑时充满了崇拜之情。
eg. The book speaks of his childhood. 这本书讲述了他的童年。
speak highly of高度评价
eg. The staff speak highly of their boss.
员工对他们的老板评价颇高。
2)说明
eg. The gift speaks of my sincerity.
这件礼物表明了我的诚意。
eg. Her deep eyes speak.
她深邃的眼睛会说话。

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