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人教版 高中英语
Words and Expressions
Unit 2 Morals and Virtues
拓展词汇
1. ____________adj. 道德上的；道义上的→____________adj.不道德的
2. __________vt.说明；阐明；给…插图 → ____________ n.图解；图示
3. ____________ n. 婚姻→ ___________v. 结婚→___________adj. 已婚的
4. ___________ n. 大多数 →____________adj.重要的；主修的
5. __________ vt.vi. 抱怨；发牢骚 → ____________ n. 抱怨；不满
6. ________vt. 回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应 →__________n. 反应；回答
7.___________n.医师→___________n.物理学→___________adj.身体的
8.________vt. 拒绝接受；不录用 →___________ n. 拒绝接受；否决
9. ________vt.任命；委派 → ______________n. 约会，预约；任命，任职
10. _________vt. 选举；推选 → ___________n. 选举；当选
11. _______ vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向； 趋于 → ___________n. 趋势；倾向
12. ________vt. vi. 退休；引退 →_________adj. 退休的→___________ n.退休
moral
immoral
illustrate
illustration
marry
married
marriage
majority
major
complain
complaint
respond
response
physician
physics
physical
reject
rejection
appoint
appointment
election
elect
tend
tendency
retire
retired
retirement
13. ______v使害怕 →________adj. （人）害怕的→______n.害怕
14. _______adj. 急剧的；锋利的；明显的 → _________adv.急剧地；严厉地→ _________ vt.削尖；磨快
15. _________ n. 精力；能量 → ___________adj.精力充沛的
16. ________vt. 经营；运行；操作；vi. 运行；起作用；动手术 → _________ n.手术；经营 → _________n.话务员；操作员；经营者
17. _____ vt.帮助；援助→___________n.帮助；协助；援助→___________n.助手；助理
18.___________n.记忆→___________v.记忆
19. ______ n. vt. 伤害；损害 → ________adj. 有害的
20. ________adj. 灵活的；可变通的 → _________n. 柔韧性；灵活性→__________adj.不灵活的；不可变通的
21._____________n.紧张关系；紧张→ ____________adj.拉紧的
scare
scared
sharp
sharply
sharpen
energetic
energy
operation
operator
operate
assistance
assist
assistant
memory
memorize
harmful
harm
flexible
flexiblity
inflexible
tension
tense
scary
1.dilemma n.进退两难的境地；困境
face a dilemma 面临左右为难的困境
be in a dilemma 处于进退两难的境地
a moral dilemma 道德困境
place sb in a dilemma 使某人处于进退两难的境地
get out of a dilemma 摆脱两难的处境
I am grateful that you help me get out of the dilemma I was ________．
in
2 . carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关
carry him through the hardships 帮助他渡过难关
有关“carry”的高频搭配：
carry out 实施；履行；执行
carry on 开展，坚持，继续
carry through 顺利完成，进行到底
carry forward 继承，弘扬
Her confidence and self-discipline helped_______ her________ .
她的信心和自律帮助她渡过了难关。
She needed a clear head to_________ her instructions.
她需要一个清醒的头脑来执行命令。
You will wear yourself out of you_________ working so hard.
你要是继续这样拼命工作，身体会吃不消的。
carry through
carry out
carry on
(1)the majority of... 大多数…(谓语动词的单复数取决于介词of后的名词）
例句：The majority of people around here are decent people.
这儿的大多数人都是正派人。
(2)major adj. 主要的，重要的，大的 n. 专业 vi. 主修
major in 主修……
例句：他的专业是物理。
反义词：minority n. 少数
minor adj. 次要的；较少的；轻微的
3. majority n. 大部分；大多数
His major is physics.
He majors in physics.
The ________ (major) of the people in that region have been affected by severe flood.
An agreement (协议) seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members ________ (be) against it.
The country is where Lenovo derives 45 percent of its revenue and _____________ (大多数) the citizens live in tents.
Should I transfer to another college, or _________ (主修) English
单句语法填空/完成句子
majority
are
the majority of
major in
5) I believe that students supporting me are _____________.
我相信支持我的学生占多数。
6)On the other hand，____________ students are opposed to it.
另一方面，多数学生反对
in the/a majority
a minority of
4. complain vi. & vt. 抱怨；发牢骚
(1)complain (to sb )about/of(doing)sth… （向某人）抱怨某事
complain (to sb.) that+句子 (向某人)抱怨……
(2)complaint n. 抱怨
make a complaint to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨某事
People complain about how children spend so much time on computer games.
人们抱怨孩子怎么花那么多时间玩电脑游戏。
People always complain that the big banks are unfriendly and unhelpful.
人们总抱怨大银行不友好，也不愿帮助人。
She complained to me about his rude behaviour.
她向我抱怨他的粗鲁行为。
词性变化积累
v．＋-t→n.
complain抱怨→complaint抱怨
weigh称重→weight重量
join连接→joint接头
单句语法填空/完成句子
1. Lots of people have complained ________ the noise.
2. If the service was so bad why didn’t you complain ______ the manager
3. I’ve made a __________ (complain) to the police about the noise.
4. She ____________________ (向我抱怨说) no one could tell her the feature of the house.
5. We should think about how to deal with the problems instead of __________ ______________________________________ (抱怨别人的错误).
about
to
complaint
complained to me that
complaining /
making a complaint about others’ mistakes
5. respond vt.回答；回复　vi.做出反应；回应
respond to sb/sth　　　　回答，回复；对……做出反应
response n．反应；回答；回复
in response to作为对……的答复/反应
make a response (to...)(对……)做出回应/反应
The teacher was willing to respond to the questions that student put forward.
老师很乐意回答那个学生提出的问题。
Like any other public servants, police must respond to the public demand.
像其他任何公务员一样，警察必须对公众要求作出反应。
词语积累：
After all, knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly ________ emergencies.
He knocked on the door but there was no ________ (respond).
The government is due ________ (make) its formal response to the commission’s proposals in two months.
Beckham’s spokesman told the BBC he had no comment to make _______ response.
单句语法填空/完成句子
to
response
to make
in
reject sb. 拒绝接受某人
reject one’s idea/suggestion/plan 拒绝接受某人的想法/建议/计划
reject a proposal / decision / an argument 拒绝接受一个提议/决定/论点
rejection n．拒绝接受；否决
词语辨析：reject与refuse
(1)reject vt.正式用词，“摒弃，不采用，不使用”，不可接不定式作宾语。
(2) refuse vi. & vt.普通用词，“拒绝”，可接不定式作宾语。
6. reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用
单句语法填空/完成句子/辨析填空(reject/refuse)
①He __________ (reject) from the factory because of laziness.
②Although writing a ________ (reject) letter can be difficult, there are situations where it’s absolutely necessary.
④I absolutely ________ (refuse/reject) to take part in anything that’s illegal.
was rejected
rejection
refuse
7.tend vt.照顾；照料　vi.倾向；趋于
1)tend (to) sb/sth: 照料某人/某事
= look after = take (good) care of
2)tend to do sth: 易于做某事; 往往会发生某事
= have a tendency to do
1) That is，they tend ________ (say) what must be，not what to do.
2) Old people and children tend _____________(cheat) in our life.
to say
to be cheated
3) There is a growing _______ to regard money more highly than quality of life.
tendency
4)She had to ______ her husband because he was ill for a long time.
tend
8. scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
be scared of (doing) sth. 害怕(做)某事
be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事
be scared that... 害怕……
be scared to death 吓得要死
scare ...away...把 …… 吓跑
scare sb into /out of doing sth 恐吓某人做某事
scary adj 可怕的，骇人的
After that he became very scared of spiders.
从那以后，他变得非常害怕蜘蛛。
They are too exhausted, and too scared of failing.
他们太累了，也太害怕失败了。
I was so scared that I didn’t know what to do
我非常害怕，以至于不知如何是好。
I was scared (= very worried) (that) you might not be there.
我怕你不在那儿。
①When we are getting excited, angry or _______ (scare), our bodies also go through many physical changes.
②The atmosphere was _______ and we felt ________ staying in the room. (scare)
③We were all scared _______ (go) to the cemetery.
④The lack of hard science is enough _________________ (吓跑) my friend.
⑤She was __________________ (害怕进入) the yard because she was __________________ (害怕被咬) by the big dog lying at the gate.
scared
scary
scared
to go
to scare off/away
scared to enter
scared of being bitten
9. replace vt.接替；取代；更换
replace A with/by B 用B代替A
代替
replace
take the place of
in place of
instead of
①It is not a good idea to replace meals _____ snacks.
②Such software can __________ (replace) with commercial software or simply taken out of service.
③ There is something wrong with my car, so I decide to________ it with a new one.
→There is something wrong with my car, so I decide to use a new one __________ it.
be replaced
in place of
with
replace
10. harm n.& vt. 伤害；损害
高频词块:
be of great harm 危害极大的
do harm to sb./sth. （=do sb./sth. harm）对某人/某物有害
mean no harm 没有恶意
There is no harm in (one’s) doing sth. = There is no harm (for sb.) to do sth. （某人）做某事无妨/无害
词语积累：
harmful adj. 有害的 be harmful to … 对……有害
harmless adj. 无害的 be harmless to… 对……无害
1. The court case will do serious harm _____ my business.
2. Staying up too late will be ____ great harm to one’s health.
3. They are not always willing to take on untrained workers, but there’s no harm _____ asking.
4. Water is not an effective shield against the sun’s more _______ (harm) rays.
to
of
in
harmful
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子
11. a great deal (of) 大量 修饰不可数名词
(1)a great deal of＋n.[U]大量的……
(2)a great deal大量，非常
The report contains a great deal of statistical information.
该报告包含大量统计资料。
He has matured a great deal (=much) over the past year.
经过过去这一年，他成熟了许多。
many, many a, several (几个), a couple of (几个，两三个), (a) few (一些), a great/good many, a good/great/large number of +可数名词
much, (a) little, a large amount of, amounts of, a great deal of +不可数名词
a lot of, lots of, a quantity of, quantities of (谓语用复数), plenty of +可数/不可数
根据后接可数还是不可数的量词总结分类
12.. assist vt.帮助；援助
assist sb. in/with sth. 帮助/援助某人某事
assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
(1) assistance n．帮助，援助，支持
come to one‘s assistance前来援助
(2) assistant n．助手，助理
The bus driver _ _________ the old lady off the bus.
司机帮助那位老太太下公共汽车。
He _________ me ______ the design of a new bridge.
他协助我设计一座新桥。
We will spare no efforts to________ him________ solving this problem.
我们将不遗余力地协助他解决这个问题。
Conducting an operation will_________ the old man___________ (recover)quickly.
进行手术能够促进老人尽快康复。
assisted
assisted in
assisted in
assisted
to recover
13. memory n．记忆力；回忆
高频词块
in memory of 作为对……的纪念
have a good/bad memory (for) 记忆力好/差
memory loss 失忆
He set up an educational fund in memory of his late mother.
他为了纪念他已故的母亲而设立了一个教育基金。
I have a memory of those things, but as time went on, who remember me
那些事我曾有记忆，但是随着时间的流逝，谁还记得我呢？
Momery loss isn’t the only warning sign, however.
不过，记忆丧失不是唯一的特征。
①You have ____ excellent memory, but I’d forgotten having ever told you the place.
②The object of great interest at the temple was a large marble tower built ___ memory of Budda.
③The Dragon Boat Festival was set up ____________ (为了纪念) a great Chinese poet in ancient time.
an
in
in memory of
14. whisper vi. & vt.悄声说；耳语；低语　n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
whisper sth. to sb. 把某事悄悄告诉某人
whisper about sth. 密谈某事
whisper sth. in one’s ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事
People are whispering that…= It is whispered that... 有人私下说……
Don’t you know it is rude to_________
难道你不知道窃窃私语是不礼貌的吗？
“Perhaps it has been buried for ten years,” he said in a_______ .
“也许它已经被埋了十年了，”他低声说。
The girls in my class seemed to know everything; they loved to___________ things perfectly not nice.
她们似乎什么都知道，也爱偷偷谈论不太好的事。
It is__________ that he is heavily in debt.
据私下传闻，他负债累累。
whisper
whisper
whisper about
whispered
15.. appoint v. 任命;委派
归纳拓展：
1)appoint sb to do sth 任命某人做某事
appoint sb as/to be... 任命某人当什么
2)appointment: n. 任命; 预约; 约会; 委任
make/have an appointment(with sb) (与某人)预约/约会
keep/break an appointment 守约/失约
1) It made sense to appoint a patient woman ________ (deal) with this matter.
2) Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ____________ (appoint) to guard her.
3) To his joy，he _________________ (appoint) as a manager.After all, this represented his ability.
to deal
appointed
was appointed
16. disguise vt. 假扮；n. 伪装
disguise oneself as 伪装成…
in disguise 伪装
there is no disguising the fact that…是无法掩盖的事实
She_________ herself______ a waitress, but she was still recognized.
disguised as
17. memory n. 记忆力；回忆
1) When we visited my old family home，__________(记忆) came flooding back.
2）Two years later，she set up an educational fund
_______________(纪念）her mother.
memories
in memory of
memorise vt. 记忆
in possession of 拥有
in search of 寻找
in favour of 支持，赞同
in terms of 就、、、而言
in case of 假使，如果
18. energetic adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的
Keeping a proper balance between study and rest keeps us _________________ (精力充沛的). Can you tell me the secret
energetic/full of energy
an energetic boy 一个精力充沛的男孩
词语积累：
energy n．活力，精力；能源，能量
be full of energy精力充沛
have the energy to do sth.有精力做某事
practise
①What do people tend ________ (do) while engaging in a conversation
②I have a tendency ________ (talk) too much when nervous.
③Small firms ____________ (往往需要) people who are prepared to take risks and work under their their oen initiative.
④The doctors and nurses in this hospital are careful ________________ (照顾病人).
单句语法填空/完成句子
to do
to talk
tend to need
to tend (to) patients
⑤.They will__________ positively to the president’s request.
⑥.I knocked on the door but there was no________ .
⑦.This is done to increase productivity, ___________ the challenge of foreign competition.
respond
response
in response to
THANKS
人教版 高中英语

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