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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【易错题】备战2024年中考英语满分冲刺之易错题
轻松突破：01 定语从句（全国通用）
易错点01 定语从句
定语从句概念：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。
定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句
如：I know the girl who is sitting under the tree.
↓ ↓ ↓
先行词 引导词 从句（定语从句）

关系词的选用
关系代词指代在定从中所作成分
which 物 主语 宾语
例句Lucy likes music which is gentle.
that 人、物 主语 宾语
例句Lucy likes music that is gentle.
The girl that has long hair is his sister.
who 人 主语 宾语
The girl who has long hair is his sister.
whom 人 宾语
He is the student that/who/whom I like best.
whose 人的、物的 定语
例句I like those books whose topics are about history.
注意：关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略
如：The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes. 我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。
The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting. 我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。
1．（2023·西藏·统考中考真题）Su Bingtian is a player ________ runs fastest in China at present.
A．which B．who C．what D．where
2．（2023·新疆·中考真题）Lots of Chinese young people ___________ were born after 1995 use door-to-door cooking to save time.
A．that B．those C．which D．/
3．（2023·吉林·统考中考真题）The students are reading books ________ are full of the “red spirit” these days.
A．who B．where C．which
4．（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）Today’s China is a country ________ keeps to this national character.
A．what B．who C．that
5．（2022·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）— Jeff, what are you watching
— A short video about Zhang Guimei ________ stories move me deeply.
A．who B．whom C．whose
6．（2022·福建·模拟预测）A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. I will never forget all the teachers and friends with ________ I spent four years.
A．who B．whom C．whose
关系代词只能用that的情况
(1)当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that
如: My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things that they couldn’t remember.
(2)当先行词是all(指物), much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that.
如: Say all that you know/ Is there anything that I can do for you
(3)当先行词有the one, the very, the only, the same 等修饰词时，关系代词只能用that,不能用which(指人时可以用who).
如：That’s the only thing that I can do now. /These are the very(adj.恰好的) words that he used.
(4)当先行词被序数词、最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.
如：This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. This is the best novel that I have read.
(5)当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句时，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.
如：Which is the machine that we used last Sunday
1．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved.
A．who B．that C．whom
2．（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）—The Lifelong Journey is one of the most touching books ________ I have ever read.
—Yeah, the book is fantastic and I am looking forward to ________ it again.
A．that, reading B．which, to read C．that, to read
3．（2022·湖北恩施·统考中考真题）China is the first nation ________ sent Chang’e Ⅳ to the far side of the moon.
A．which B．that C．who
4．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）I can’t forget the teachers and the university ________ I visited two years ago. They bring me many sweet memories.
A．that B．which C．what
5．（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考三模）This is the only book ________ I find useful.
A．which B．that C．who D．whose
6．（2023·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·统考一模）—Who do you think is the girl ________ did the best in the 2021 Beijing Winter Olympics.
—Of course, Gu Ailing.
A．who B．whose C．whom D．that

关系代词只能用which的情况
1)引导词前有介词
如：The school campus in which we study every day is beautiful. 我们学习的校园很漂亮。
(2)在非限制性定从中用which, 不用that
如：The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.(不可用that)

1．To enter a good high school, we shouldn’t only study the subjects in ________ we are interested.
A．that B．who C．which
2．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第四十七中学校考一模）It’s impossible for anyone to take the sovereignty(主权)over Taiwan Island away from China, ________ has been part of China since ancient times .
A．where B．that C．which
3．（2022秋·广东广州·九年级广州市第六十五中学校考阶段练习）Injun Joe killed the doctor with a knife, ________ was put in Muff’s hand.
A．/ B．which C．who D．what
4．（2022秋·广东江门·九年级校联考期中）I really enjoyed my stay in Xi’an, ________ is indeed worth ________ second visit.
A．which; a B．which; the C．that; the D．that; a

定语从句中的主谓一致
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数方面应该与先行词保持一致。其中，“one of+复数名词” 作先行词时，谓语动词用复数形式。”the one of/the only one of+复数名词”时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：He is the man who / that lives next door. 他就是住在隔壁的那个男人。
He is one of the students in his class who have been to Germany.他是班上去过德国的学生之一。

1．He is the only one of the boys who ________ the piano well.
A．plays B．play C．playing D．are playing
2．（2021·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题）—Have you heard of the story of Mulan
—Of course. Mulan is a brave girl ________ her father’s place to fight in the army.
A．whom take B．that take C．which takes D．who takes
3．（2020·内蒙古·统考中考真题）The photo________ taken by my classmate last week is very nice.
A．which were B．that is C．that were D．which was
4．Mr. Smith is one of the foreign experts who ________ in China.
A．works B．is working C．are working D．has been working
5．（2022·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like
—I prefer movies _________ me something to think about.
A．whom give B．who gives C．which give D．that gives

A组 中考真题
1．（2023·辽宁阜新·统考中考真题）The woman astronaut ________ gave us a lesson on space is Liu Yang.
A．which B．whose C．who D．whom
2．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）—Who is the hero in your mind
—Huang Danian. He is a scientist ________ has helped China make great progress in deep-sea exploration (勘探).
A．where B．which C．who
3．（2023·青海·统考中考真题）A best friend is a person _________ is always there when you need him or her. As the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
A．whom B．whose C．who
4．（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me in my life.
A．which B．whose C．whom D．who
5．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）The Aerospace Square ________ was completed last year has become a new tourist attraction.
A．which B．who C．whom D．where
6．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）— What can we do for the left-home children ________ need help
— We could help them with their study online on weekends.
A．which B．who C．whom
7．（2023·四川乐山·统考中考真题）Guo Moruo is a famous Chinese writer ________ is popular around the world.
A．which B．whom C．who
8．（2023·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）Tea is the leaf of a plant ________ grows widely in China, Japan and other countries.
A．what B．who C．that
9．（2023·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）Lei Feng is a great person ________ sets a good example to us.
A．who B．which C．whose
10．（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）He showed me the photos ________ he took at his graduation ceremony.
A．that B．who C．what
11．（2023·内蒙古·统考中考真题）—Volunteering is a meaningful activity.
—I agree. We should express thanks to the people ________ do volunteer jobs.　　
A．whom B．what C．who D．which
答案解析
1．C 【详解】句意：给我们在太空上上了一课的女宇航员叫刘洋。考查定语从句。先行词是The woman astronaut，是人，且在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。
2．C 【详解】句意：——你心目中的英雄是谁？——黄大年。他是一位帮助中国在深海勘探方面取得巨大进展的科学家。考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。
3．C 【详解】句意：最好的朋友是当你需要他或她时总是在那里的人。俗话说：“患难见真情。”考查定语从句关系词。根据“a person ... is always there when you need him or her”可知此处是定语从句，先行词指人且在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。
4．D 【详解】句意：我将记住在我的生活中帮助和支持我的重要的人。考查定语从句。which哪一个；whose谁的；whom谁；who谁。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词people是指人，在从句中作主语，用关系词who引导定语从句，故选D。
5．A 【详解】句意：去年竣工的航天广场已成为一个新的旅游景点。考查定语从句。分析句子可知，“...was completed last year”是作定语修饰The Aerospace Square，所以是定语从句，先行词是物，空处在句中作主语，所以用关系词which引导。故选A。
6．B 【详解】句意：——我们能为需要帮助的留守儿童做些什么？——我们可以在周末帮助他们在线学习。考查定语从句。which先行词指物；who先行词指人，在从句中作主语；whom先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。本句先行词是the left-home children，指人，且空格处在从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选B。
7．C 【详解】句意：郭沫若是一位著名的中国作家，在世界各地都很受欢迎。考查定语从句。which指物，从句作主语，宾语；whom指人，从句作宾语；who指人，从句中作主语，宾语。根据语义及句子结构可知，前后为两个句子，且空后句子为定语从句，修饰先行词writer“作家”，指人，且在定语从句中充当主语，用关系词who。故选C。
8．C 【详解】句意：茶是一种广泛生长在中国、日本和其他国家的植物的叶子。考查定语从句。分析题干可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词“a plant”为物，空处在定语从句中作主语，应用that/which引导，故选C。
9．A 【详解】句意：雷锋是一个伟大的人，他给我们树立了好榜样。考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选A。
10．A 【详解】句意：他给我看了他在毕业典礼上拍的照片。考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，先行词是人/物；who引导定语从句，先行词是人；what不引导定语从句。本句中先行词“the photos”是物，且在句中作宾语，用引导词that。故选A。
11．C 【详解】句意：——做志愿者是一个有意义的活动。——我同意。我们应该感谢那些做志愿者工作的人。考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，先行词people是指人，在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句，故选C。
B组 最新模拟题
1．（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）Beijing is a city ________ many people want to visit. In the city, you can see past and future, dream and passion（激情）.
A．that B．what C．where
2．（2023·吉林长春·校联考模拟预测）A graduation ceremony is a custom ________ usually takes place in June.
A．what B．where C．who D．which
3．（2023·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考模拟预测）Mr. Lee is a man ________ I can depend on. I trust him.
A．which B．when C．who D．what
4．（2023·黑龙江绥化·校考二模）The students ________ don’t work hard will not pass the exam.
A．whom B．which C．who
5．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨市第四十七中学校考模拟预测）—Have you ever heard the popular chant (儿歌) , We Dig Dig a Hole (挖呀挖).
—Yes, it has the funniest lyrics ________ I can sing along with.
A．that B．which C．who
6．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·校考二模）—Of all the good study habits ________ you can develop, asking questions is the key because you can always learn from each other in this way.
—You’re right.
A．that B．what C．who
7．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考模拟预测）—Chris, the West Lake is so attractive!
—Yeah, the West Lake is the most beautiful place ________ I have ever visited.
A．who B．which C．that
8．（2023·吉林·统考模拟预测）The Wandering Earth 2 is a movie ________ tells a story about how people tried to save the earth.
A．who B．whose C．which
9．（2023·吉林长春·统考模拟预测）Miss Zhang gave a speech ________ was very interesting.
A．who B．where C．what D．which
10．（2023·吉林·模拟预测）This is the book ________ is interesting.
A．which B．where C．who
11．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测）Zhang Guimei is the greatest teacher ________ we have known.
A．who B．what C．that
12．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—What are they doing
—They are talking about the teachers and schools ________ they visited yesterday.
A．which B．who C．that
13．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）Zhu Yangzhu is the spaceflight engineer for Shenzhou XVI ________ has loved the blue sky and flying since he was a boy.
A．what B．which C．who
14．（2023·福建厦门·厦门双十中学校考模拟预测）Most students like the teachers ________ understand them well.
A．which B．who C．where
15．（2023·福建龙岩·统考模拟预测）As the saying goes, he ________ laughs last laughs best.
A．who B．whom C．which
16．（2023·福建漳州·校联考模拟预测）China has realized her promise to give the world a Winter Olympics ________ is green and clean.
A．whom B．which C．who
17．（2023·福建南平·校联考模拟预测）— Do you like the song Jian Hun on Douyin
— Yes, I like the songs ________ I can dance to.
A．who B．that C．what
18．（2023·福建福州·福清第二中学校考模拟预测）With the launch of Shenzhou XV spacecraft, Deng Qingming finally made his space dream come true. He is a hero ________ encourages many teenagers.
A．which B．that C．whom
19．（2023·四川成都·校联考模拟预测）Lei Feng is a kind and helpful man ________ we should learn from.
A．who B．whose C．which
20．（2023·福建泉州·模拟预测）—Do you know the woman in the picture
—Yes. She is Zhang Guimei, a kind headmaster __________ helps thousands of girls go to college.
A．whom B．who C．whose
21．（2023·福建莆田·模拟预测）—Why are you so worried
—I’ ve lost the watch ________ my dad bought me on my birthday.
A．which B．who C．whose
22．（2023·福建龙岩·统考一模）China is the first nation ________ sent Chang’e Ⅳ to the far side of the moon.
A．what B．who C．that
23．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）At the graduation ceremony, we talked about the teachers and the things ______ we remember.
A．which B．that C．who
24．（2023·四川成都·四川省成都市七中育才学校校考模拟预测）Lionel Messi is a great football star ________ talent in sports surprises me a lot.
A．who B．that C．whose
25．（2023·甘肃天水·天水市逸夫实验中学校考模拟预测）I still remember the time ________ we spent together at Xisai Mountain last year.
A．when B．what C．who D．which
26．（2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测）I really like the girl ________ hair is blond.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．that
27．（2023·甘肃陇南·统考三模）There are many works of art in the museum ________ we will visit tomorrow.
A．who B．which C．what D．whom
28．（2023·甘肃平凉·校考三模）This is the girl ________ mother is an English teacher of our school.
A．that B．who C．whom D．whose
29．（2023·甘肃定西·校考模拟预测）Du Fu is a great Chinese poet ________ has become popular with many people around the world.
A．whom B．whose C．who D．which
30．（2023·福建·校联考三模）—What kind of movie do you like
—I like the movie ________ has a happy ending.
A．what B．who C．which
31．（2023·福建泉州·统考三模）—What nice small gifts!
—So they are. They are for those ________ made progress in the exam last week.
A．that B．who C．which
32．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈尔滨风华中学校考三模）At the gate of the amusement park, an old man is selling traditional toys ________ are made by hand.
A．who B．which C．in which
33．（2023·福建厦门·统考二模）Please pass me the magazine ________ has a poster of Fast X on the cover.
A．what B．that C．who
34．（2023·辽宁朝阳·校联考二模）Rome is an ancient city ________ full of places of interest.
A．where is B．which is C．which are D．that are
35．（2023·江苏淮安·校考一模）It’s good to know ________ the dogs ________ live in the animal centre will be well cared for while we are away.
A．what; what B．how; that
C．what; that D．that; which
36．（2023·福建厦门·厦门一中校考三模）Zheng Qinwen ________ was born in 2002 in Hubei Province is a rising star in tennis.
A．who B．whom C．which
37．（2023·吉林·统考一模）Jack Brown still lives in the old house ________ his father gave him.
A．who B．when C．which
38．（2023·福建泉州·统考二模）It’s time to say goodbye to my school. I’ll always remember the people ________ have helped me.
A．whom B．which C．who
39．（2023·福建厦门·统考二模）—Do you know Quan Hongchan
—Sure. She is an excellent player ________ is always holding on to her dream.
A．who B．what C．which
40．（2023·吉林长春·统考一模）The children will never forget the people ________ helped them.
A．who B．which C．whose D．whom
41．（2023·吉林长春·长春市解放大路学校校考二模）The educational program tries to show the things __________ are important in life.
A．who B．that C．how D．what
42．（2023·安徽宿州·统考二模）You are the only person ______ can help yourself out.
A．that B．which C．whose D．whom
43．（2023·福建厦门·厦门双十中学校考二模）— What can we do for the left-home children in the village ________ need help
— We can help them with their study online on weekends.
A．who B．which C．whose
44．（2023·西藏日喀则·统考二模）We should look up to those scientists ________ sent Tianzhou-1 Cargo Spaceship(天舟一号) to space.
A．who B．which C．what D．when
45．（2023·黑龙江佳木斯·统考三模）—What do you want to be in the future
—I want to be a football player and it’s the only thing ________ is interesting to me.
A．what B．who C．that
46．（2023·安徽六安·统考三模）— What do the students usually do on the School Clean-up Day
— They usually collect the leaves_________ have fallen from the trees.
A．what B．/ C．that D．who
47．（2023·湖南永州·统考二模）—Lucy, what do you think of the TV show Happy Camp
—Wonderful. It’s one of the most interesting programs ________ I have seen.
A．that B．which C．who
48．（2023·福建三明·统考三模）China’s first AI textbook ________ is for primary and high school students was introduced to the public in 2019.
A．who B．that C．what


答案解析
1．A 【详解】句意：北京是许多人想去的城市。在城市里，你可以看到过去和未来，梦想和激情。考查定语从句。句子是定语从句， 先行词是city，关系词在从句中作visit的宾语，用that引导定语从句。故选A。
2．D 【详解】句意：毕业典礼是一种习俗，通常在六月举行。考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是物，引导词在从句中作主语，可用which引导定语从句。故选D。
3．C 【详解】句意：李先生是我可以信赖的人，我信任他。考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是man，关系词在从句中作宾语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。
4．C 【详解】句意：不努力的学生将不会通过考试。考查定语从句的关系代词。whom关系代词，在从句中作宾语，指人；which关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语，指物；who关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语，指人。先行词为students，指人，关系词在从句作主语，因此用who。故选C。
5．A 【详解】句意：——你听过流行的儿歌《挖呀挖呀挖》吗？——是的，它有着最有趣的歌词，我能跟着这首歌一起唱。考查定语从句的连接词。that和which都可以连接先行词是物的定语从句，但是先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，连接词只能用that，而不能用which。故选A。
6．A 【详解】句意：——在你可以养成的所有好的学习习惯中，提问是关键，因为这样你们就可以互相学习。——你是对的。考查定语从句。that那个，修饰人或物，引导定语从句；what什么，引导名词性从句；who谁，引导定语从句，修饰人。此处是定语从句，先行词habits表示事物，因此用that引导定语从句，故选A。
7．C 【详解】句意：——克里斯，西湖太迷人了！——是的，西湖是我去过的最美丽的地方。考查定语从句关系词。根据“the most beautiful place ... I have ever visited”可知先行词place指物，且在从句中作宾语，先行词有形容词最高级修饰，用that引导定语从句。故选C。
8．C 【详解】句意：《流浪地球2》是一部讲述人们如何努力拯救地球的电影。考查定语从句。分析空处前后可知，这是定语从句，先行词movie指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，故选C。
9．D 【详解】句意：张小姐做了一个非常有趣的演讲。考查定语从句。who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；where关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语；what什么，引导宾语从句，不能引导定语从句；which关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。本句先行词是“speech”，在定语从句中作主语，指物。故选D。
10．A 【详解】句意：这是一本有趣的书。考查定语从句关系词。which关系代词，先行词为事物；where关系副词，先行词为表示地点的名词；who关系代词，先行词为人。 根据“This is the book...is interesting.”可知，句子为定语从句，先行词为book，是物品，先行词为物品，关系词在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选A。
11．C 【详解】句意：张桂梅是我们所认识的最伟大的老师。考查定语从句。who引导定语从句先行词为人，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句；that引导定语从句先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为teacher，表示人，但因为先行词前有最高级修饰，所以多用that引导定语从句，故选C。
12．C 【详解】句意：——他们正在做什么？——他们正在谈论昨天去拜访的老师和学校。考查定语从句的关系词。which关系代词，指物；who，关系代词，指人；that关系代词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语， 指物或指人。由题可知，空格处为定语从句引导词，从句先行词是the teachers and schools，既有人又有物，从句缺宾语，故that符合题意。故选C。
13．C 【详解】句意：朱扬柱是神舟十六号的航天工程师，从小就热爱蓝天和飞行。考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是spaceflight engineer，关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。
14．B 【详解】句意：大多数学生喜欢能很好理解他们的老师。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此句是定语从句，先行词“teachers”指人，且关系代词在句中作主语，因此关系代词用who。故选B。
15．A 【详解】句意：俗话说，笑到最后的人笑得最好。考查定语从句。who先行词表示人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whom先行词表示人，在定语从句中作宾语；which先行词表示物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子，此处引导定语从句，先行词为he，表示人，在从句中作主语，故选A。
16．B 【详解】句意：中国实现了她给世界带来一届绿色、清洁的冬奥会的承诺。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处所在的是一个定语从句，先行词Winter Olympics指物，在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句，故选B。
17．B 【详解】句意：——你喜欢抖音上的《剑魂》这首歌吗？——是的，我喜欢我能跳舞的歌。考查定语从句。who引导定语从句时，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词是人；that引导定语从句时，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词是人/物；what不能引导定语从句。设空所在句是定语从句，空处在句中作宾语，且先行词是the songs，表示物，所以用that连接，故选B。
18．B 【详解】句意：随着神舟十五号飞船的发射，邓清明终于实现了他的太空梦。他是一个英雄，鼓励了许多青少年。考查定语从句。which先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom先行词是人，在从句中作宾语。分析句子结构，这是一个定语从句，先行词hero是指人，在从句中主语，用that引导定语从句，故选B。
19．A 【详解】句意：雷锋是一个善良、乐于助人的人，我们应该向他学习。考查定语从句的用法。who，先行词是人；whose 作定语；which先行词是物。根据“Lei Feng is a kind and helpful man…we should learn from.”可知是一个定语从句，先行词是“man”，指人，且从句“learn from”后缺少宾语，因此应用who作引导词。故选A。
20．B 【详解】句意：——你知道照片里的女士吗？——知道。她是张桂梅，一位帮助成千上万的女孩上大学的和蔼可亲的校长。考查代词和定语从句。whom关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作宾语；who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whose关系代词，指人或物的，在定语从句中作定语。此处先行词headmaster，表示人，在定语从句中作主语，因此用who引导定语从句。故选B。
21．A 【详解】句意：——你为什么这么担心？——我把爸爸在我生日那天给我买的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句。which哪个，在定语从句中，作主语或宾语，先行词是物；who谁，在定语从句中，作主语或宾语，先行词是人；whose谁的，在定语从句中，作定语，先行词是人。空处在句中作宾语，且先行词是物the watch，所以用which引导定语从句，故选A。
22．C 【详解】句意：中国是第一个将嫦娥四号发射到月球背面的国家。考查关系代词。what不是关系代词；who关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；；that关系代词，先行词指物或人，在从句中作主语或宾语。句子先行词是nation，在句中作主语，且先行词被序数词修饰，此处关系代词用that，故选C。
23．B 【详解】句意：在毕业典礼上，我们谈论了我们记忆中的老师和事情。考查关系代词。根据“we talked about the teachers and the things...we remember.”可知，此句是定语从句，且先行词是the teachers and the things，既有人又有物，关系代词用that。故选B。
24．C 【详解】句意：莱昂内尔·梅西是一位伟大的足球明星，他的体育天赋让我大吃一惊。考查定语从句。who先行词指人，在从句中作主语、宾语；that先行词指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语；whose先行词指人或物，在从句中作定语。本句先行词指人，且连接词在从句中作定语修饰talent，故用whose。故选C。
25．D 【详解】句意：我仍然记得去年我们在西塞山一起度过的时光。考查关系代词。when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语；what不能引导定语从句；who指人；which指物。从句“we spent together at Xisai Mountain last year”缺少宾语，且先行词time是物，which引导定语从句，指物，且可以在从句中作宾语。故选D。
26．C 【详解】句意：我真的很喜欢那个金发女孩。考查定语从句引导词。who谁；whom谁，宾格；whose谁的；that那。根据“I really like the girl…hair is blond.”可知此处是定语从句，空处指的是女孩的头发 ，应填whose作定语。故选C。
27．B 【详解】句意：我们明天将参观的博物馆里有很多艺术品。考查限制性定语从句。who，引导限制性定语从句，指人，在从句中做主语或宾语；which，引导限制性定语从句，指物，在从句中做主语或宾语；what，引导名词性从句，在从句中做主语或宾语，不引导限制性定语从句；whom，引导限制性定语从句，指人，在从句中作宾语。“the museum”是先行词，指物，本空引导限制性定语从句，从句中visit后面缺少宾语，所以用which引导，且在从句中作宾语。故填B。
28．D 【详解】句意：这就是那个女孩，她的母亲是我们学校的英语老师。考查定语从句关系词。根据“the girl ... mother is an English teacher of our school”可知先行词the girl指人，在从句作定语，用whose引导定语从句。故选D。
29．C 【详解】句意：杜甫是一位伟大的中国诗人，他受到世界人民的欢迎。考查定语从句的关系词。whom谁，在句中作宾语，先行词是人；whose谁的，在句中作定语，先行词是人；who谁，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词是人；which哪一个，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词是物。先行词poet指人，定语从句中缺少主语，因此关系代词应该用who。故选C。
30．C 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么类型的电影？——我喜欢有幸福结局的电影。考查定语从句。先行词是movies，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选C。
31．B 【详解】句意：——多么漂亮的小礼物啊！——确实是。这些礼物是送给那些在上周的考试中取得进步的人的。考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，先行词为人或物；who引导定语从句，先行词为人；which引导定语从句，先行词为物。根据“What nice small gifts!”和“They are for those...made progress in the exam last week.”可知，“...made progress in the exam last week”是定语从句，先行词是指示代词those（且those在句中指代的是“上周在考试中取得进步的人”，此时定语从句的引导词应用who。故选B。
32．B 【详解】句意：在游乐园门口，一位老人正在卖手工制作的传统玩具。考查定语从句。who谁，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词是人；which哪一个，在从句中作主语或宾语，先行词是物；in which 介词+关系代词结构，在定语从句中作状语。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，因空白处在定语从句中作主语，先行词toys 指物，所以使用which引导定语从句。 故选B。
33．B 【详解】句意：请把封面上有《极速X》的海报的杂志递给我。考查定语从句关系词。what什么，连接代词；that关系代词，指代人或事物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who关系代词，指代人，定语从句中作主语或宾语。根据“the magazine...has a poster Fast X the”可知，句子为定语从句，排除A，先行词“the magazine”为物品，此处需用that引导。故选B。
34．B 【详解】句意：罗马是一座充满名胜古迹的古城。考查定语从句和主谓一致。句子是定语从句，先行词是可数名词单数city，关系词在从句中作主语，用that/which引导定语从句，句子用一般现在时，从句谓语动词用单三。故选B。
35．D 【详解】句意：很高兴知道我们不在的时候，住在动物中心的狗会得到很好的照顾。考查宾语从句引导词和定语动词关系代词。根据“... live in the animal centre”可知，第二空为定语从句引导词，修饰先行词the dogs，先行词是物，从句缺主语，关系代词用which或that。根据“... the dogs ... will be well cared for while we are away.”可知，第一空是宾语从句引导词，意思是“狗会得到很好的照顾”，由句意可知不存在疑问的含义，所以引导词用that。故选D。
36．A 【详解】句意：2002年出生于湖北的郑钦文是网坛的一颗逐渐升起的新星。考查定语从句。who，关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whom，关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作宾语；which，关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。根据“Zheng Qinwen ... was born in 2002 ” 可知，先行词是“Zheng Qinwen”，是指人，在句中作主语，关系代词用who。故选A。
37．C 【详解】句意：杰克·布朗仍然住在他父亲送给他的那所老房子里。考查定语从句。who引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作主语；when引导定语从句，先行词为时间，在从句中作时间状语；which引导定语从句，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为the old house，指物，在从句中作宾语，因此应用which引导定语从句。故选C。
38．C 【详解】句意：是时候对我的学校说再见了。我将永远记住那些帮助过我的人。考查定语从句。whom在定语从句中指人， 作宾语；which在定语从句中指物，可作主语、宾语和表语；who在定语从句中指人，可作主语、宾语或表语。分析该句可知先行词是“people”，关系代词在句子中作主语，故选C。
39．A 【详解】句意：——你知道全红婵吗？——当然。她是一位总是坚持自己梦想的优秀的运动员。考查关系代词。who谁，指人；what什么，不能引导定语从句；which哪个，指物。根据“She is an excellent player…is always holding on to her dream.”可知是定语从句，先行词是“player”，指人，应用who来引导。故选A。
40．A 【详解】句意：孩子们永远不会忘记帮助过他们的人。考查定语从句。who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whose关系代词，指人或物的，在定语从句中作定语；whom关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作宾语。本句先行词是“people”，在定语从句中作主语，指人，所以填who。故选A。
41．B 【详解】句意：这个教育节目试图展示生活中重要的事情。考查定语从句。who引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作主语；that引导定语从句，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；how和what不引导定语从句。分析句子结构，可知本句是定语从句，先行词things指物，关系词在句中作主语，应用that引导，故选B。
42．A 【详解】句意：你是唯一能帮助自己的人。考查that引导的定语从句。that指代人或物；which指代物；whose谁的；whom指代人。先行词“person”被the only修饰时，关系代词用that。故选A。
43．A 【详解】句意：——我们能为村里需要帮助的留守儿童做些什么？——我们可以在周末帮助他们在线学习。考查定语从句关系词。分析空格所在句可知为定语从句，先行词是“the left-home children”指人，并在从句中作主语，用“who”引导定语从句。故选A。
44．A 【详解】句意：我们应该尊重那些把天舟一号货运飞船送上太空的科学家。考查定语从句。who，关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；which，关系代词，指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what，疑问代词，不能引导定语从句；when，关系副词，在从句中作时间状语。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词those scientists指人，在定语从句中作主语，用who或that引导。故选A。
45．C 【详解】句意：——你将来想做什么？——我想成为一名足球运动员，这是我唯一感兴趣的事情。考查定语从句。分析题干可知此处是定语从句，先行词thing指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that。故选C。
46．C 【详解】句意：——学生通常在学校扫除日做什么？——他们通常收集树上落下的树叶。考查定语从句关系词。what不能作定语从句的关系词；/省略关系词；that先行词指人或物，在句中作主语、宾语等；who先行词指人，在句中作主语或宾语。根据“leaves”和“...have fallen from the trees”可知此处应填定语从句的关系词，定语从句的先行词leaves“树叶”是“物”，且在从句中做主语，不可省略，故选C。
47．A 【详解】句意：——露西，你觉得电视节目《快乐大本营》怎么样？——太棒了。这是我看过的最有趣的节目之一。考查定语从句。根据“It’s one of the most interesting programs…I have seen.”可知此处为定语从句，先行词“programs”是物，且有最高级“the most interesting”修饰，应用that引导定语从句。故选A。
48 ．B 【详解】句意：中国第一本面向中小学生的人工智能教科书于2019年向公众推出。考查定语从句。who关系代词，先行词指人，作主语或宾语；that关系代词，先行词指人/物，作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句。句子先行词是“AI textbook”，指物，应用that引导定语从句，故选B。
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