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重庆市渝西中学校2023-2024年高一下期中考试英语
本试卷分第 Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共 150 分，考试用时 120 分钟。
第 Ⅰ卷（共 110 分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷 上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A.￡ 19.15 ． B.￡9.18 ． C.￡9.15 .
答案是 C。
1 ． What does the woman suggest the man do
A ．Give up the ring. B ．Get back the ring. C ．Fire at thieves.
2 ． Where does the conversation most probably take place
A ．In a store. B ．In arestaurant. C ．At home
3 ． When will the woman’s rent be due (到期)
A ．On May 20th. B ．On May 21st. C ．On May 18th.
4 ． What does the guess sound like
A ．Reasonable. B ．Just funny. C ．Nonsense (胡说八道).
5 ． How was the woman’s bag bought
A ．At a high price. B ．With her bonus. C ．Through the Internet.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，
并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读各个 小题；听完后，各小题将给出 5
秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 、7 题。
6 ． What are the two speakers talking about
A ．Weekend plans. B ．Favorite sports. C ．Outdoor activities.
7 ． Why is the man not sure about going camping
A．He doesn’t like it. B．He will be busy. C．He was hoping to see a movie.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 、9 题。
8 ． Who did the man learn the trade from
A ．From his friend. B ．From himself. C ．From his mother.
9 ． How much does the woman finally want to pay for the ring
A ．$45. B ．$40. C ．$35.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10 ．What is the lady’s main goal
A ．To keep a good figure.
B ．To get more exercise.
C ．To have a physical examination.
11 ．What do you think of the work-out plan
A ．Effective for everyone. B ．Very personal. C ．Hard to carry out.
12 ．Why does the woman choose the one-month service
A ．To save money. B ．To achieve her goal. C ．To have a try.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13 ．Why do they need caps and gowns
A．For acampus show. B．For the graduation ceremony. C．For a grand party.
14 ．How do most students get their caps and gowns
A ．They rent them. B ．The school provides them. C ．They buy them.
15 ．Why do some of the education majors have their caps and gowns made
A ．They keep them as reminders.
B ．They can use them again.
C ．They can be more beautiful.
16 ．What does Mary ask Lisa to do
A ．To take a picture for her.
B ．To have a picture taken together. C ．To take a picture with the man.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17 ．Why did Cleaver’s design win a prize in the 2024 competition
A ．It well represents the Chinese dragon.
B ．It symbolically shows Chinese New Year. C ．It truly displays what the dragon looks like.
18 ．What qualities of the Chinese dragon does the design indicate
A ．Power and leadership.
B ．Kindness and courage.
C ．Knowledge and wisdom.
19 ．What is special about the Chinese loong compared with the Western dragon
A ．More fearful. B ．More positive. C ．More realistic.
20 ．What do we know about Phil Cleaver
A ．He has a special love of Chinese animals.
B ．He has excellent skills of Chinese painting.
C ．He has a good understanding of Chinese culture.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 37. 5 分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A
Total Solar Eclipse 2023 Australia
One of nature’s most remarkable event — a total solar eclipse (日蚀) — will take place on the western edge of Australia on April 20th, 2023 and we have chosen the
perfect way for you to enjoy this event: on a cruise (航游) at sea.
There have been only five total solar eclipse in Australia over the past century
and this is the first hybrid eclipse in more than 1000 years. Unlike other cruises for
this event, ours has the well-known astronomer Abigail Beall to accompany you. You will have the best possible view of the event as well as enjoying lectures and
stargazing on land and at sea. Abigail will be on hand throughout, giving lectures on the history and science of eclipses, the black hole at the center of the galaxy — along with providing many opportunities for guided stargazing. Plus, there will be
additional talks from the Astronomical Society of Australia. Click here for detailed arrangements of the tour.
Single occupancy Per guest based on two people sharing
Interior cabin 2.429 1,699
Oceanview cabin 3,229 2,199
If you wish to add a third adult or child to your room, please ask for a quote.
Alongside the cruise, you can also explore some of Australia’s best scientific and natural phenomena with a series of tailored add-on tours covering astronomy on the
east coast and v its to Uluru, Sydney, the Great Barrier Reef and much more. On the last day of the tour, we can send you back to the airport for your return journey home, or you can join one of our add-on tours. Click here for full details about add-on tour.
21. What makes the cruise different from others
A A talk with astronomers. B. An expert’s guidance.
C. A chance for stargazing. D. A meeting with astronauts.
22. How much should a couple pay for at our in a Oceanview cabin
A. 3,229. B. 2,199. C. 4,398. D. 6,458.
23. What is the purpose of the text
A. To advertise a special cruise. B. To celebrate a historic event.
C. To introduce atravel agency. D. To explain a natural phenomenon.
B
"I was a bad student who became an astronaut. " Scott Kelly, an engineer and a retired astronaut, visited the University of Wisconsin-Madison and shared his own experience.
As a kid, he was distracted in school and he earned terrible grades and barely graduated from high school. The biggest struggle was that he used to ignore what the teachers were saying, and even he started to accept the fact that he would never be able to achieve what he dreamed.
After graduation, everything changed, quite by accident, when he picked up and read The Right Stuff, Tom Wolfe's classic account of the lives of the pioneering Americans who first explored space. Inspired at last, he decided he wanted to be an astronaut. To do that, he needed to get a technical degree. So starting that day, he was determined to do well in all the subjects. After so many years of daydreaming, it wouldn't be easy. But he started thinking about it like a sport. The more he practiced his study skills, the better he got and the more he learned. Eventually, it became a competition with himself to see how good he could get.
But how can we find our motivation There's no fixed way. It's about finding an interest and putting in the hard work. It's likely that you just haven't found what interests you or the topic is not being explained in away that resonates （共鸣）with you. Reflect on your daily behavior. Do you find yourself absorbed in building things, interested in the ecosystem, enjoy reading the latest graphics in video games That will give you clues about your interests-engineering, biology, coding, etc. Then talk to professionals in those fields and hear their stories for guidance and inspiration.
Kelly encourages young people to dream big and aim for the stars. Hard Maybe. But anything worth having is worth pursuing.
24. What was Scott's major challenge when he was in high school
A. To find his motivation in learning at school.
B. To understand what the teachers say in class.
C. To finish the assignments with higher quality. D. To realize his dream of becoming an astronaut.
25. What may Scott think of his learning when pursuing a technical degree
A. Useful but irrelevant.
B. Interesting and pleasing.
C. Stressful and time-consuming. D. Challenging but rewarding.
26. According to the passage, how can you motivate yourself
A. By discovering personal interests and seeking professional advice.
B. By trying various interests and picking what you like most. C. By running back over your behavior and putting efforts in it. D. By following other's path and devoting yourself to it.
27. Which of the following ideas would Scott probably agree with
A. Well begun is half done.
B. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
C. Chances favors the prepared mind.
D. Birds of a feather flock together.
C
It was decades ago now, but it's still one of the most memorable conversations of my life. On along, slow train heading north, with nothing to do but watch the rain, the man sitting opposite began trying to talk to me. Like most young women who have learned the hard way to be careful of strangers,I was unfriendly. But curiosity tookover when he said that he was just bored, and liked talking. We chatted with each other for the rest of the journey and when the train finally pulled in, we didn't change numbers.
However, I still think about it sometimes on long, boring journeys, before getting a phone out and scrolling silently like everyone else. It's a rare person who can cheerfully break the social rule about not talking to strangers without any ill intention, but life would be more interesting if more of us knew how to do it.
And that's why l can't be as cynical as I probably should be about “Tube Chat"
campaign launched to encourage Britons to talk to each other. All anyone is being asked to do is to start a conversation they wouldn't otherwise have had- maybe with a friend from whom they've been apart or a neighbor they don't know.
Obviously, it takes more than a bit of small talk over garden fences to unite strangers together. More people live alone than did so a generation ago. We socialize increasingly through screens, sending texts instead of bothering to call.
It's true that the “Tube Chat” campaign of a few years back failed in its attempts to make Londoners talk to each other on public transport. But even city people who would normally die rather than make eye contact with strangers still happily gather in large numbers by the Thames for the New Year's Eve fireworks. They would get a far better view at home on television-it's not really about the fireworks, but about being part of something communal（公共的）.
There's no guarantee that this latest campaign to reconnect will succeed wherever others have failed. But if there is ever a moment to stop social disbelief, it may start a fire to warm a world that sometimes feels cold. Wherever my train friend is now, I hope he is still talking.
28. What can we infer from the author's experience on the train A. Young women were frightened to talk with strangers.
B. Small talks with strangers can add more interest to life. C. People become indifferent and unfriendly to strangers. D. The author regretted losing touch with her train friend.
29. What does the underlined word “cynical" mean in paragraph 3
A. Supportive. B. Confused. C. Doubtful. D. Disappointed.
30. What does the example of Londoners gathering for the New Year's Eve fireworks show
A. “Tube Chat" failed in its attempts to unite strangers together.
B. It's hard to break the social rule about not talking to strangers.
C. People have a wish to be socially connected by nature.
D. "Tube Chat" made a difference in reconnecting people.
31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. Stop Social Disbelief. B. A Memorable Train Talk.
C. Keep Our Desire to Connect. D. Socialize with Our Friends.
D
Artificial cloud technology could soon be used in the fight against environmental
damage. Researchers in Australia have used machines to spray salt water into the air, and noted that the reflective qualities of these artificial clouds helped protect the Great Barrier Reef from sun bleaching （漂白）.
The so-called cloud brightening project works by thickening existing clouds and reducing sunlight exposure to protect the reef. No artificial chemicals make it into the clouds in the sky. When water droplets steam, they leave only small salt crystals that float up into the atmosphere. This provides a larger surface area for water vapor to be liquids around them, forming thicker clouds.
The past two years have seen uncommon forest fires and droughts triggered by the climate change emergency, meaning that widespread use of this technique may become more commonplace if carbon emissions arc not checked.
Drones, unmanned flying vehicles, have also entered the cloud controlling picture, used in the United Arab Emirates, a country desperately in need of more rainfall, to deliver electrical shocks to clouds in order to facilitate rainfall. Zapping（击打）clouds to produce a positive or negative charge within clouds can cause water droplets to form together. The greater the charge, the larger the droplets, which is vital for ensuring that as much rain as possible reaches the surface before steam gives offall the hard-won moisture（水分）.
Even if one waves aside climate change, global waterfall shortages are still an increasing concern, given the planet's booming population. More people means more mouths to feed, and the demand for water in agriculture for animals and crops further increases urgency for cloud controlling technology. An increase in rain also leads to positive economic growth in many countries, as large harvests stabilize financial systems and living standards in all climates.
Increasingly, scientists are looking to our skies in providing solutions to protect our environment. Cloud controlling technologies have promise. However, for this field of science to become practical economically, more research needs to be done in making this process a practicable option in protecting our environment.
32. How does the cloud brightening project work
A. By creating more water vapor which later becomes liquids.
B. By spraying chemicals and small salt crystals into the atmosphere. C. By steaming water droplets to provide a larger surface area.
D. By expanding the water vapor area and blocking more sunlight.
33. What do we know about drones from paragraph 4
A. They spread larger water droplets.
B. They will be popularized in dry years. C. They charge clouds to promoterain.
D. They control the movements of clouds. 34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Additional benefit of cloud technology.
B. Solutions to waterfall shortage.
C. Urgency of economic development. D. Problems of overpopulation.
35. Which aspect does the author think should be improved
A. Complicated process. B. Research method.
C. Environmental impact. D. High cost.
第二节(每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两 项为多余选项。
Collecting must be one of the most varied of human activities, and it’s one that many of us psychologists (心理学家) find fascinating. Collecting hundreds or even thousands of postcards, chocolate wrappers or whatever, takes time, energy and
money that could surely be put to much more productive use. And yet there are millions of collectors around the world. Why do they do it
There are the people who collect because they want to make money. They’ll look for, say, antiques that they can buy cheaply and expect to be able to sell at a profit.
36 Buying cheap and selling dear can give the collector a sense of victory. And as selling online is so easy, more and more people are joining in.
Many collectors collect to develop their social life. 37 This is a variant on joining a bridge club or a gym, and similarly brings them into contact with like- minded people.
Some may spend their whole lives in a hunt for this. 38 There is a
danger, though,that if the individual is ever lucky enough to find what they’re
looking for. Rather than celebrating their success, they may feel empty, now that the goal that drove them on has gone.
39 Stamp collecting, for example, opens a window to other countries, and to the plants, animals, or famous people shown on their stamps. Similarly, many collectors collect fossils, animals and plants from around the globe, and their
collections provided avast amount of information about the natural world.
40
A. Another potential reason for it is its educational value. B. But there may well be a psychological element, too.
C. A particular example is a rare early recording by a particular singer.
D. A psychological reason for collecting is the need for a sense of control.
E. Psychologically, this can give a purpose to a life that otherwise feels aimless.
F. They attend meetings of groups of collectors and exchange information on items. G. Without those collections, our understanding would be greatly reduced.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从各题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My carslid easily into the school lane. I turned around and glanced at the backseat as my ten-year-old daughter 41 . My daughter’swords started to spill. “Momma, Jenny 42 all the girls in the class to attend her birthday party except Heather and me. I 43 I was her friend too.” The air was filled with her 44 .
As tears ran down my little girl’s face, I felt 45 . As an introvert (内向的人), I often breathe a sigh of 46 when I am not invited to a large social gathering. I prefer 47 with a few friends who get me. 48 , I don’t extend my preferences to my daughter’s social life. Since the age of four, rather than 49 just a few, I’ve invited all of her classmates to her birthday parties, because I am 50 to the need for young girls and boys to feel 51 .
I understand that at some point all of us are excluded from something and that this is a 52 children will eventually learn. But why does it have to happen when they are so 53
As soon as we got home, I hugged my still upset daughter and wiped away her tears. As I 54 her, I thought of her own approaching birthday party. The invitation would go out to 55 of her classmates.
41.A. climbed in B. got off C. pulled up D. checked out
42.A. persuaded B. invited C. allowed D. reminded
43.A. remembered B. pretended C. admitted D. thought
44.A. embarrassment B. excitement C. sadness D. anxiety
45.A. powerless B. hopeless C. tireless D. fearless
46.A. disappointment B. relief C. impatience D. sadness
47.A. competing B. bargaining C. living D. connecting
48.A. Instead B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise
49.A. expecting B. ignoring C. choosing D. training
50.A. used B. sensitive C. blind D. addicted
51.A. included B. at ease C. fulfilled D. left out
52.A. quality B. test C. skill D. lesson
53.A. upset B. lonely C. naughty D. young
54.A. comforted B. entertained C. rewarded D. rescued
55.A. some B. all C. none D. few
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题； 每小题 1.5 分, 满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you always hate certain vegetables. you maybe more than a picky eater.
Instead, you might be a “super-taster”, a person 56 biter genes(苦味基因). Those people who have the “biter genes” are 2.6 times more likely to eat 57 (few) vegetables than others, according to a new study 58 (present)at the
annual meeting of the American Heart Association.
“We don’t get the taste of food equally,” said Professor Duffy, an export in the
study of food taste. “It could explain some of the differences in our food 59
(prefer)”. About half of us can taste bitter and sweet, so we are not especially sensitive to bitter food. Another 25% are called “non-tasters” to 60 bitter food might be a bit sweeter. The rest of us are 61 (extreme) sensitive to the bitterness that
some 62 (plant)develop to keep animals from eating them.
Food scientists are trying to develop ways 63 (reduce)the bitterness in
vegetables, in the hope that we can keep “super-testers” from rejecting vegetables. In fact, some vegetables we grow today 64 (be)much sweeter than before.
We might also try to use various cooking methods, either by adding me fat,
sweetness, strong flavors like garlic 65 roasting them, to improve the taste of the vegetables.
第Ⅱ卷（共 40 分）
第一部分 句子填空（共 25 题；每题 1 分，满分 25 分）（原创试题，改编自教材 必修二 unit3-unit5）
第一节， 66-80 题（词汇） 根据汉语提示或首字母拼写单词，每空一词
66. The remote desert area is (可进入) only by helicopter.
67. We apologize for any (不方便) caused during the repairs.
68. The (目标) audience for this advertisement was mainly teenagers.
69. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into a .
70. If the machine can’t f properly, you can seek professional help.
71. She lived a simple life, but she was so (慷慨的) to the people in need
of help.
72. The (公告) of their marriage will appear in the local newspaper next
week.
73. The two residents exchanged greetings and sat down to lunch happening in the
(拥挤的) restaurant.
74. Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful s .
75. With tears of gratitude r down his cheeks, Peter said thankfully, "you
have saved me today. I couldn't thankyou enough."
76. Our plans were based on the (假定假设) that everyone would be
willing to help.
77. Influenced by the (精力充沛的) singers, the audience began to sing
along with them.
78. The popular band will give two more live p this week.
79.MR. Smith was surprised that his comments should have caused such a strong
(反应).
80. Much to my (欣慰 ), my son was eventually admitted to a key
university.
第二节，81-90 题（语法） 用括号内单词的正确形式填空,没有提示词的根据句
意填入一个单词
81. Don't call Marry. She (interview) right now.
82. The temple (build) for two years and it is still in construction.
83. Under the sky (rest) a village painted with smaller strokes and finer
detail, giving the impression of peace.
84. If caught (sleep) in class, you will have to clean the classroom for a
week as a punishment.
85. New words (explain), the text became easier for us to learn.
86. (aim) at raising students'awareness of exercise and health, an activity,
Sports and Fitness Week, was organized in our school last week.
87. During my stay in America, I lived in university accommodation with other
international students, allows me to meet people from diverse cultural
backgrounds.
88. Cultural heritage is a lot more than just relics. For example, our country has many
nationalities, dances, crafts and other traditions are also very important.
89. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in the school,
most of were from Germany.
90. It was the culture, rather than the language, made it hard for him to
adapt to the new environment abroad.
第二部分 写作(共一节，满分 15 分) （原创试题，改编自教材必修二 unit5）
91. 假定你是高三学生李华，一名阅读爱好者。学校英语读书社邀请你作一个主 题为“Be A Lifelong Reader”的演讲。请你写一份英文演讲稿，内容包括:
1.阐述学生阅读的现状(阅读量少，阅读时间有限 ); 2.分享个人阅读的收获:
3.激励学生终身阅读。 注意:
1.写作词数应为80 左右;开头和结尾已给出，不计入总字数; 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Be A Lifelong Reader
参考答案
1-5 ABBAC 6-10 ABCCA 11-15 CBBCA 16-20 ABCAC
21-23．BDB 24-27 DDDA 28-31 DBDC 32-35 CCBD 36-40 CEGBF
41-45 DCBAD 46-50 ABDCD 51-55 BCDCB
56．a 57．suffering 58．apparently 59．to describe 60．fitness 61．which 62．received 63．irregular 64．among 65．issues
Dear Tom,
Congratulate you on winning the first prize in the 21st FLTRP CUP National English Competition.
As the head of the school’s English club, I would like to invite you to give a presentation to our club members about your experience in the competition. It would be invaluable for our members to learn from your success and gain insights into effective English learning strategies.
We are planning to organize the presentation next Friday afternoon in the school auditorium. You can share your journey, tips for preparing for competitions, and any other suggestions you think would be beneficial to our members.
Looking forward to your positive response.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节：Possible version:
I was about to walk towards the door when it suddenly opened. Grace stood there, her eyes red from crying. I felt a pang of guilt and remorse as I gazed at her. Words stumbled in my throat as I struggled to apologize for my actions that morning. Grace's expression softened as I began to speak,her eyes focused intently on mine.I explained how much the cup meant to me, but I realized that my reaction had been disproportionate to the situation. Grace nodded quietly,acknowledging my words without saying anything. Guilty and apologetic, Grace took a box from her backpack and promptly passed it over to me.
With care, I opened the beautifully wrapped box. Inside lay a new cup, identical to the one she had broken. A note accompanied it, bearing simple yet heartfelt words of apology. Tears welled up in my eyes as I read her message.In that moment, I understood the depth of Grace's kindness and forgiveness. I reached out to hug her, and we both laughed, a sense of relief washing over us. Our friendship had weathered its first storm, emerging stronger than before. From that day on, our bond deepened,built on a foundation of understanding and forgiveness.
21．细节理解题。根据Drue Heinz Literature Prize中的“You can win $15,000 and publication by the University of Pittsburgh Press with this prize. (你可以赢得15000美元的奖金，并获得匹兹堡大学出版社出版的作品)”、Biopage Storytelling Writing Contest中的“The grand prize winner will receive $300, and five runners-up will be awarded $100 each. (大奖得主将获得300美元，五名亚军将获得每人100美元)”、PEN / Robert J. Dau Short Story Prize for Emerging Writers中的“The prize money varies from $1,000 to $200. (奖金从1000美元到200美元不等)”和Write the World中的“5 top prize winners will receive $100 each. (5名头奖得主每人将获得100美元)”可知，Drue Heinz Literature Prize写作比赛的奖金最高。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据Biopage Storytelling Writing Contest部分中“You’ll need to register for a Biopage account to be qualified.(您需要注册一个Biopage帐户才有资格)”可知，参加传记小说写作比赛你应该注册Biopage账户。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据Write the World部分中“For new writers, this cool contest also serves as a mini workshop.(对于新作家来说，这个酷炫的比赛也可以作为一个迷你工作坊)”可推知，Write the World针对的是写作新手。故选B。
24.考查细节明白题。依照文章第一段中的“The next moment, metal... crash”和“Another cyclist, biking carelessly, had cut me off and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic”可知，一个马虎的骑自行车的人撞到了作者，作者遭遇了事故，受伤严峻，故D项正确。
25.依照文章第二段中的“Economics all over the world were disturbed”可知，艾雅法拉火山爆发后，全世界的经济都受到了干扰，即火山的爆发使全球经济受损，故D项正确。
26.考查推理判定。依照文章第五段中的“After their plan worked... their homes”并结合“One must move on from misfortunes, focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful for the future”可推知，我们应该充分利用特定的环境。
27.考查主旨大意。本文作者通过讲述自己遭遇事故和火山爆发带来的好处及坏处，告诉人们要积极应对现实情形.
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“One day in the summer of 2015, Peterson was relaxing in his living room, reading the book Love Does, about the power of love in action, when his quiet was disturbed by a homeless man outside his apartment. Inspired by the book’s compassionate message, Peterson made a decision; He was going to go outside and introduce himself.(2015年夏天的一天，彼得森正在客厅里放松，读着《爱的力量》(Love Does)这本书，这本书讲述了爱在行动中的力量，这时他的安静被公寓外的一个无家可归的人打破了。受到书中富有同情心的信息的启发，彼得森做出了一个决定；他要到外面去做自我介绍)”可知，Love Does中的同情信息让彼得森开始谈话。故选D项。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段“Peterson’s connection with Faris led him to form Faces of Santa Ana, a nonprofit organization focused on befriending and painting portraits of members of the community who are unhoused.(彼得森与法里斯的联系促使他成立了Faces of Santa Ana，这是一个非营利组织，专注于帮助无家可归的社区成员，并为他们画肖像)”可知，Faces of Santa Ana是一个非营利组织。故选B项。
30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Peterson has painted 41 of these portraits himself. But there’s more to the finished products than the money they bring to someone who’s down and out. He’s discovered that the buyers tend to connect to the story of the person in the painting, finding similarities and often friendship with someone they might have otherwise overlooked or stereotyped.(彼得森自己画了41幅这样的肖像。但成品带给落魄之人的不仅仅是金钱。他发现，买家倾向于与画中人物的故事联系起来，找到相似之处，往往与他们可能被忽视或刻板印象的人建立友谊)”可知。在买了一幅肖像后，买家之前是忽视无家可归的人，现在会和他们建立友谊，所以会把无家可归者视为可怜但可敬的人。故选D项。
31．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Peterson’s connect ion with Faris led him to form Faces of Santa Ana, a nonprofit organization focused on befriending and painting portraits of members of the community who are unhoused. Peterson sells the paintings for money, splitting the proceeds and putting half into a “love account” for his model. He then helps people use the money to get back on their feet.(彼得森与法里斯的联系促使他成立了Faces of Santa Ana，这是一个非营利组织，专注于帮助无家可归的社区成员，并为他们画肖像。彼得森把这些画卖掉赚钱，分成一半存入模特的“爱情账户”。然后，他帮助人们用这笔钱重新站起来)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了Peterson如何通过绘画帮助那些生活困难的人，并改变了人们对待无家可归者的态度，所以C项“Faces of Compassion: Painting a New Perspective(同情的面孔：画一个新的视角)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。
【导语]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球野生动物损失的严重性，因此需要全球共同努力，关注并解决该问题。
推理判断题。根据第一段“Animal populations across the world have been reduced by 69% in less than 50 years, according to a new scientific report. The report's authors are calling for urgent action to restore the natural world.(根据一份新的科学报告，在不到50年的时间里，世界各地的动物数量减少了69%。该报告的作者呼吁采取紧急行动来恢复自然世界)”以及第二段中“The most recent report, released on October 13, 2022, shows that almost 70% of the world's monitored wildlife was lost between 1970 and 2018. The report is based on research from 195 countries around the world. Data was collected from almost 32,000 populations of 5,230 species.(2022年10月13日发布的最新报告显示，1970年至2018年期间，全球近70%的受监测野生动物消失。该报告基于全球195个国家的研究。数据来自5230个物种的近32000个种群)”以及第三段中“Latin America and the Caribbean in particular have seen the sharpest fall, having lost 94% of their wildlife since 1970.(拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的野生动物数量下降尤其严重，自1970年以来已经失去了94%的野生动物)”可知，作者主要想通过列举前三段的数字来展示世界范围内野生动物损失的严重性。故选C。
33. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“However, the report also promotes solutions, such as designing less destructive food production systems, urgently protecting the Amazon rainforest, limiting the use of fossil fuels, and creating new laws to protect our natural environment.(然而，该报告也提出了解决方案，例如设计破坏性较小的粮食生产系统，紧急保护亚马逊雨林，限制化石燃料的使用，以及制定新的法律来保护我们的自然环境)”可知，根据该报告，为自然环境提供法律保护是解决野生动物数量下降的一个可能的解决方案。故选C。
34. 词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“Commenting on the report, Marco Lambertini, director general of WWF International, called the figures “terrifying",(在评论该报告时，世界自然基金会国际总干事马可·兰伯蒂尼称这些数字“令人恐惧”)”以及“we need to restore nature(我们需要恢复自然)”可知，面临野生动物数量急剧下降的情况，我们不仅仅是停止当前的损失。
35. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The authors of the LPR say that this is an opportunity for a global plan to deal with wildlife loss and restore nature. “Government leaders must step up at COP 15,” said Lambertini. “The world is watching."(LPR的作者说，这是一个应对野生动物损失和恢复自然的全球计划的机会。兰伯蒂尼说:“政府领导人必须在第15届缔约方会议上采取行动。“全世界都在看着。”)”可知，兰伯蒂尼认为领导人必须在第15届缔约方会议上采取行动。由此推知，他对野生动物数量减少的态度是担心的。故选D。
41-45 DCBAD 46-50 ABDCD 51-55 BCDCB
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Victoria Cairns在一次潜水中发现了一只被塑料袋噎住的乌龟。从那之后，她决定创办一个反垃圾社交媒体账号，告诉人们不能随便丢弃塑料垃圾。她自己也每天都在捡塑料垃圾来保护环境。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在巴厘岛潜水时看到了岛上一种著名的海龟。A. skiing滑雪；B. running跑步；C. diving潜水；D. jogging慢跑。根据“underwater”可知此处指她在巴厘岛潜水，故选C。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. sharks鲨鱼；B. turtles乌龟，海龟；C. whales鲸鱼；D. dolphins海豚。根据上文“It was a turtle that changed Victoria Cairns, a headteacher from Derbyshire.(是一只乌龟改变了Victoria Cairns，一位来自德比郡的校长)”可知，Cairns潜水时看到了一只海龟，故选B。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它在清澈的水中向她靠近，起初她很高兴，直到她看到它嘴里的塑料袋。A. delighted高兴的；B. frightened害怕的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. disappointed失望的。根据“in the crystal clear water”可知，Cairns在清澈的水中看到一只乌龟朝她游过来，起初的时候感到非常高兴。故选A。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她只是认为人类对环境造成了破坏性的影响。A. protection保护；B. impact影响；C. attack攻击；D. dependence依靠，依赖。根据上文“until she saw the plastic bag in its mouth”可知，看到海龟嘴里的塑料袋，Cairns感觉人类对环境产生了破坏性的影响。故选B。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她建立了一个反垃圾社交媒体账户，以提高人们对塑料污染造成的危害的认识。A. risk冒……的风险；B. learn学习；C. raise提高；D. lessen减少。根据空后“awareness”可知，Cairns建立社交媒体账号是为了提高人们对于塑料污染的意识。raise awareness of“提高对……的意识”。故选C。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. air空气；B. noise噪音；C. water水；D. plastic塑料。根据上文“she saw the plastic bag in its mouth”可知，此处是提高人们对塑料污染造成的危害的认识。故选D。
7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Cairns在她的车里放了一个垃圾捡拾器，她下班回来的路上经常会把车停在路边清理东西。A. cheer up振作起来；B. give away赠送；C. pull over靠路边停车；D. break down发生故障。根据“Cairns keeps a litter picker in her car”以及空后“on the way back from work to clean something up”可知，Cairns车里备着捡垃圾的工具，每天下班回家的途中都靠边停车，下来捡塑料垃圾。故选C。
8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：跑步时，Cairns会在背包里装上一个便携式垃圾捡拾器，然后在散步时捡起垃圾。A. throws away扔掉；B. picks up捡起；C. puts up搭建，张贴；D. sorts out整理，分类。根据上文“She regularly picks litter around her neighborhood.(她经常在她家附近捡垃圾)”以及“to clean something up”可知，此处指她捡垃圾，故选B。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人不珍视东西。A. value重视，珍视；B. change改变；C. protect保护；D. store储存。下文“so they ____10____ it away, not into the bin but on the earth somewhere”提到人们把东西扔掉，故此处指人们不珍视一些东西，故选A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：塑料袋没有价值，所以他们把它扔掉，不是扔进垃圾箱，而是扔到地球的某个地方。A. put放置；B. blow吹；C. take取，拿；D. throw扔掉。根据“not into the bin but on the earth somewhere”可知，此处指把塑料袋扔掉，故选D。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着他们在别人不注意的时候这样做了，因为他们知道这是不可接受的。A. working工作；B. thinking思考，认为；C. noticing注意到；D. wandering徘徊。根据“as they know it’s unacceptable”可知，因为人们觉得这件事并不可接受，所以他们会在别人不注意时乱扔垃圾，故选C。
12．考查介词词义辨析。句意：当她收集塑料瓶和手提袋时，感觉就像一个小小的关怀之举：这个袋子不会最终进入海龟的嘴里。A. in在……里面；B. from从，来自；C. as作为；D. on在……上面。此处呼应第一段中“until she saw the plastic bag in its mouth”，指袋子最终不会进入海龟的嘴里，故选A。
13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在整个计划中，这是一个极小的举动，但它是有意义的。A. frankly坦率地；B. extremely极其，非常；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. cautiously谨慎地。此处和下文“but it’s something”是转折关系，用extremely表示程度，形成对比，指这是一个极小的举动，但意义重大，故选B。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cairns给她的周围环境带来了改变。A. move动作；B. choice选择；C. decision决定；D. difference不同。上文提到她的小小举动意义非凡，结合下文“It’s so beautiful.”可知，她对周围的环境产生了影响，make a difference“起作用，有影响”，故选D。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她一直在她家附近的河里捡垃圾。A. river河流；B. mountain山；C. bus公交车；D. forest森林。根据下文“You get a different perspective being on the water.(在水上你会有不同的视角)”可知，她在河里捡垃圾，故选A。
【答案】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了“脆皮大学生”这一流行语在网上疯传，揭示了中国大学生身体健康状况严重恶化的问题。
56．考查冠词。句意：最近，“脆皮大学生”这个流行词在网络上疯传，人们越来越担心中国大学生的身体健康状况严重恶化。根据空格后的单数可数名词decline可知，空格处应该用不定冠词，serious的发音是辅音音素开头。故填a。
57．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个词指的是普遍患有许多身体问题的新一代大学生。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰college students，college students和suffer为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填suffering。
58．考查副词。句意：“脆”，显然是指柔弱和脆弱，被网友们开玩笑地用来形容大学生是多么容易受伤和生病。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词apparently作状语修饰动词means。故填apparently。
59．考查动词不定式。句意：“脆”，显然是指柔弱和脆弱，被网友们开玩笑地用来形容大学生是多么容易受伤和生病。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语sth. be used to do意为“某物被用来做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填to describe。
60．考查名词。句意：这样的评论引发了关于当代大学生体质下降的热烈讨论，河南中北部郑州市一家医院的惊人就诊记录证实了这一点。由空前physical为形容词可知，此处为名词形式作宾语。故填fitness。
61．考查定语从句。句意：这样的评论引发了关于当代大学生体质下降的热烈讨论，河南中北部郑州市一家医院的惊人就诊记录证实了这一点。分析句子可知，空格处引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话，在从句中作主语成分，所以用关系代词which。故填which。
62．考查动词时态。句意：据报道，仅在9月份，郑州中心医院的急诊科就接收了约1700名年龄在18至25岁之间的年轻人。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意可知，此处应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填received。
63．考查形容词的否定意义。句意：大多数病例是由不规律的日常生活、熬夜和不健康的饮食引起的。由空后daily routine为名词短语可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰该名词，结合句意可知，应为regular的反义词irregular“不规律的”，满足句意要求。故填irregular。
64．考查介词。句意：一份报告指出，不健康的生活方式在大学生中很普遍。根据句意以及空后college students名词短语可知，此处为介词among表示“在……之间”，满足句意要求。故填among。
65．考查名词复数形式。句意：许多参与者表示，他们经历过皮肤状况不佳、睡眠不足和情绪问题等健康问题。根据下文列举的三种问题可知，此处应为名词复数形式。故填issues。

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