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2023年全国甲卷高考英语真题卷
ABCD阅读理解篇基础知识点总结
（A）
Where to Eat in Bangkok
Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.
Nahm
Offering Thai fine dining. Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary (烹饪的) experiences. It’s the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the world’s 50 best restaurants list. Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
Issaya Siamese Club
Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
Bo.lan
Bo.lan has been making waves in Bangkok’s culinary scene since it opened in 2009. Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots, yet still manages to add a special twist. This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food. For those extremely hungry, there’s a large set menu.
Gaggan
Earning first place on the latest “Asia’s 50 best restaurants” list, progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues (场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theater at its best.
【任务一：重点单词学习】
1. Culinary
- 音标: / k l n ri/
- 详细释义: 烹饪的，与烹饪相关的
- 词组搭配:
1. culinary skills（烹饪技巧）
2. culinary arts（烹饪艺术）
- 派生词: cuisine（烹饪，烹调风格）
2. Flagship
- 音标: / fl ɡ. p/
- 详细释义: 旗舰的，代表性的，一流的
- 词组搭配:
1. flagship store（旗舰店）
2. flagship product（旗舰产品）
- 派生词: flagship airline（领航航空），flagship university（顶尖大学）
3. Elegant
- 音标: / el ɡ nt/
- 详细释义: 优雅的，高雅的
- 词组搭配:
1. elegant design（优雅的设计）
2. elegant attire（优雅的服饰）
- 派生词: elegance（优雅），elegantly（优雅地）
4. Progressive
- 音标: /pr ɡres v/
- 详细释义: 先进的，前卫的，进步的
- 词组搭配:
1. progressive ideas（先进的观念）
2. progressive society（进步的社会）
- 派生词: progress（进步），progressively（逐步地）
5. Venue
- 音标: / venju /
- 详细释义: 场所，地点，会场
- 词组搭配:
1. wedding venue（婚礼场地）
2. concert venue（音乐会场地）
- 派生词: -
6. Colonial
- 音标: /k lo ni l/
- 详细释义: 殖民地的，殖民时代的
- 词组搭配:
1. colonial architecture（殖民地建筑）
2. colonial rule（殖民统治）
- 派生词: colonization（殖民），colonially（殖民地地）
7. Candle-lit
- 音标: / k ndl-l t/
- 详细释义: 用蜡烛照明的，烛光照明的
- 词组搭配:
1. candle-lit dinner（烛光晚餐）
2. candle-lit room（烛光房间）
- 派生词: -
8. Michelin
- 音标: / m t .l n/
- 详细释义: 米其林（法国轮胎公司，也是餐厅评级系统的名称）
- 词组搭配:
1. Michelin star（米其林星级）
2. Michelin guide（米其林指南）
- 派生词: -
9. Exciting
- 音标: / k sa .t /
- 详细释义: 令人兴奋的，刺激的
- 词组搭配:
1. exciting adventure（刺激的冒险）
2. exciting news（令人兴奋的消息）
- 派生词: excitement（兴奋），excitedly（兴奋地）
10. Culinary theater
- 音标: / k l n ri θi t r/
- 详细释义: 烹饪艺术表演，美食表演
- 词组搭配:
1. culinary theater experience（烹饪艺术表演体验）
2. culinary theater show（烹饪艺术表演秀）
- 派生词: -
【任务二：高级词组搭配】
1. Fine dining
- 释义: 精致餐饮
- 例句: Nahm offers an exceptional fine dining experience.
- 例句翻译: Nahm 提供了出色的精致餐饮体验。
2. Traditional cuisine
- 释义: 传统美食
- 例句: Issaya Siamese Club serves a fusion of traditional cuisine with modern techniques.
- 例句翻译: Issaya Siamese Club 提供传统美食与现代技术的融合。
3. Hard-to-find dishes
- 释义: 难寻找的菜肴
- 例句: Bo.lan specializes in hard-to-find dishes with authentic flavors.
- 例句翻译: Bo.lan 专注于味道地道的难寻找的菜肴。
4. Candle-lit dinner
- 释义: 烛光晚餐
- 例句: Bo.lan is perfect for a romantic candle-lit dinner.
- 例句翻译: Bo.lan 非常适合浪漫的
烛光晚餐。
5. Set menu
- 释义: 套餐
- 例句: Gaggan offers a set menu for those who want to try a variety of dishes.
- 例句翻译: Gaggan 提供套餐，供那些想尝试各种菜肴的人选择。
6. Top 10 of the world's 50 best restaurants list
- 释义: 世界50大最佳餐厅榜单前十名
- 例句: Nahm is the only Thai restaurant to make it to the top 10 of the world's 50 best restaurants list.
- 例句翻译: Nahm 是唯一一家进入世界50大最佳餐厅榜单前十名的泰国餐厅。
7. Progressive Indian restaurant
- 释义: 先进的印度餐厅
- 例句: Gaggan is known as a progressive Indian restaurant, pushing boundaries with its innovative dishes.
- 例句翻译: Gaggan 被认为是一家先进的印度餐厅，通过其创新的菜肴突破界限。
8. Two-story colonial Thai home
- 释义: 两层楼的殖民地泰式住宅
- 例句: Gaggan is housed in a two-story colonial Thai home, adding to its unique ambiance.
- 例句翻译: Gaggan 设在一座两层楼的殖民地泰式住宅中，增添了独特的氛围。
9. Best table
- 释义: 最佳座位
- 例句: Reserve the best table at Gaggan for an unforgettable dining experience.
- 例句翻译: 在 Gaggan 预订最佳座位，享受难忘的用餐体验。
10. Culinary experience
- 释义: 烹饪体验
- 例句: Dining at Issaya Siamese Club is not just a meal, it's a culinary experience.
- 例句翻译: 在 Issaya Siamese Club 用餐不仅仅是一顿饭，而是一次烹饪体验。
（B）
Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and it was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”
Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifths wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
【任务一：重点单词学习】
1. Dab hand
- 音标: /d b h nd/
- 详细释义: 在某方面技艺高超的，在某方面有经验的
- 词组搭配:
1. He's a dab hand at fixing cars.（他在修车方面很在行。）
2. She's a dab hand in the kitchen.（她在厨房里很有经验。）
- 派生词: -
2. Backbreaking
- 音标: / b k bre k /
- 详细释义: 折磨人的，令人筋疲力尽的
- 词组搭配:
1. backbreaking labor（令人筋疲力尽的劳动）
2. backbreaking work（令人筋疲力尽的工作）
- 派生词: backbreaker（令人筋疲力尽的事物），backbreakingly（令人筋疲力尽地）
3. Tenancy
- 音标: / t n nsi/
- 详细释义: 租期，租赁期限
- 词组搭配:
1. rental tenancy（租赁期限）
2. residential tenancy（住宅租期）
- 派生词: tenant（租户），tenants' rights（租户权益）
4. Personalise
- 音标: / p rs n la z/
- 详细释义: 个性化，使个人化
- 词组搭配:
1. personalize your space（个性化你的空间）
2. personalize your belongings（使你的物品个性化）
- 派生词: personalization（个性化），personalized（个性化的）
5. Deposit
- 音标: /d p z t/
- 详细释义: 押金，定金
- 词组搭配:
1. pay a deposit（支付押金）
2. return the deposit（退还押金）
- 派生词: depositary（存款人），depository（存放处）
【任务二：高级词组搭配】
1. Long, warm summer days
- 意思: 漫长而温暖的夏日
- 例句: With the long, warm summer days ahead, many people are planning DIY projects.
- 例句翻译: 在漫长而温暖的夏日即将到来之际，许多人正在计划DIY项目。
2. Make the most of
- 意思: 充分利用，充分发挥
- 例句: People are planning to make the most of the summer days by tackling DIY projects.
- 例句翻译: 人们计划充分利用夏日来处理DIY项目。
3. Average spend
- 意思: 平均花费
- 例句: The average spend per DIY project is expected to be around 823.
- 例句翻译: 每个DIY项目的平均花费预计约为823英镑。
4. Lead the charge
- 意思: 领头冲锋，率先行动
- 例句: The research shows that women are now leading the charge in DIY projects.
- 例句翻译: 研究表明，如今女性在DIY项目中领头冲锋。
5. Tackling DIY projects
- 意思: 处理DIY项目
- 例句: Many people are looking forward to tackling DIY projects during the summer.
- 例句翻译: 许多人期待着在夏季处理DIY项目。
6. Improve their comfort
- 意思: 提高舒适度
- 例句: Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home through DIY projects.
- 例句翻译: 三分之二的人希望通过DIY项目提高在家中的舒适度。
7. Increase the value of their house
- 意思: 增加房屋价值
- 例句: Two fifths of people wish to increase the value of their house by undertaking DIY projects.
- 例句翻译: 五分之二的人希望通过进行DIY项目来增加房屋价值。
8. DIY projects
- 意思: DIY项目
- 例句: DIY projects have traditionally been seen as a male hobby, but the research shows that women are also embracing them.
- 例句翻译: DIY项目传统上被视为男性的爱好，但研究表明女性也在接受这一爱好。
9. Accompanied to work
- 意思: 陪同工作
- 例句: Terri accompanied her grandfather to work from a young age, which instilled in her valuable DIY skills.
- 例句翻译: Terri 从小就陪同祖父去工作，这使她具备了宝贵的DIY技能。
10. Reward with
- 意思: 以...作为奖励
- 例句: Terri was rewarded with pocket money for her help with DIY tasks.
- 例句翻译: Terri 因帮助DIY任务而获得零用钱作为奖励。
（C）
I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy (哲学).
That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you — and then try to explain them.
Eric Weiner’s The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation.
The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. It’s worth your time, even if time is something we don’t have a lot of.
【任务一：重点单词学习】
1. Invitation
- 音标: / nv te n/
- 详细释义: 邀请，邀请函
- 词组搭配:
1. extend an invitation（发出邀请）
2. accept an invitation（接受邀请）
- 派生词: invite（邀请），invitational（邀请赛）
2. Quality
- 音标: / kwɑ l ti/
- 详细释义: 质量，品质
- 词组搭配:
1. high quality（高质量）
2. quality control（质量控制）
- 派生词: qualitative（定性的），quality assurance（质量保证）
3. Decoding
- 音标: /di ko d /
- 详细释义: 解码，解读
- 词组搭配:
1. decoding a message（解读信息）
2. decoding skills（解码技能）
- 派生词: decoder（解码器），decodable（可解码的）
4. Appealing
- 音标: / pi l /
- 详细释义: 有吸引力的，吸引人的
- 词组搭配:
1. appealing appearance（吸引人的外表）
2. appealing idea（吸引人的想法）
- 派生词: appeal（吸引），appealingly（具有吸引力地）
5. Gradually
- 音标: / ɡr d u li/
- 详细释义: 逐渐地，渐渐地
- 词组搭配:
1. gradually improve（逐渐改善）
2. gradually fade（逐渐消失）
- 派生词: gradual（逐渐的），gradualism（渐进主义）
6. Experiences
- 音标: / k sp ri ns z/
- 详细释义: 经验，体验
- 词组搭配:
1. life experiences（生活经验）
2. unique experiences（独特体验）
- 派生词: experience（经历），experiential（体验的）
7. Loneliness
- 音标: / lo nlin s/
- 详细释义: 孤独，寂寞
- 词组搭配:
1. feelings of loneliness（孤独的感觉）
2. overcome loneliness（克服孤独）
- 派生词: lonely（孤独的），loneliness（寂寞）
8. Humor
- 音标: / hju m r/
- 详细释义: 幽默，幽默感
- 词组搭配:
1. sense of humor（幽默感）
2. humor in writing（文字中的幽默）
- 派生词: humorous（幽默的），humorist（幽默作家）
9. Regrets
- 音标: /r ɡrets/
- 详细释义: 后悔，遗憾
- 词组搭配:
1. have no regrets（无怨无悔）
2. live without regrets（无悔的生活）
- 派生词: regret（后悔），regrettable（令人遗憾的）
10. Coffee or tea
- 意思: 咖啡或茶
- 例句: The author invites readers to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with his book.
- 例句翻译: 作者邀请读者拿杯咖啡或茶，坐下来阅读他的书。
D篇
Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche — we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more, they’re increasingly being sighted by humans.
The western half of the US was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the US. Their recovery has been so successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviously, if precautions (预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,” says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.
【任务一：重点单词学习】
1. Revere
- 音标: /r v r/
- 详细释义: 敬畏，尊敬
- 词组搭配:
1. revere someone as a hero（尊敬某人为英雄）
2. deeply revere traditions（深深尊敬传统）
- 派生词: reverence（尊敬），reverent（虔诚的）
2. Frightening
- 音标: / fra t n /
- 详细释义: 令人恐惧的，可怕的
- 词组搭配:
1. a frightening experience（令人恐惧的经历）
2. a frightening sight（可怕的景象）
- 派生词: frighten（使害怕），frightened（害怕的）
3. Sighted
- 音标: / sa t d/
- 详细释义: 看到的，目击的
- 词组搭配:
1. a sighted UFO（目击的飞碟）
2. a sighted animal（被目击到的动物）
- 派生词: sight（视觉），sighting（目击事件）
4. Continuous
- 音标: /k n t nju s/
- 详细释义: 连续不断的，持续的
- 词组搭配:
1. continuous improvement（持续改进）
2. continuous effort（持续努力）
- 派生词: continually（不断地），continuity（连续性）
5. Delist
- 音标: /di l st/
- 详细释义: 摘除...的名单，取消...的上市地位
- 词组搭配:
1. delist a stock（摘除股票）
2. delist a species（从名单中删除一个物种）
- 派生词: delisting（摘牌），delisted（摘牌的）
6. Loosen
- 音标: / lu s n/
- 详细释义: 放松，松开
- 词组搭配:
1. loosen restrictions（放松限制）
2. loosen a knot（解开结）
- 派生词: loose（宽松的），loosening（放松）
7. Troublesome
- 音标: / tr bls m/
- 详细释义: 麻烦的，令人不安的
- 词组搭配:
1. troublesome behavior（麻烦的行为）
2. troublesome situation（令人不安的情况）
- 派生词: trouble（麻烦），troublemaker（麻烦制造者）
8. Attractant
- 音标: / tr kt nt/
- 详细释义: 诱引物，引诱因素
- 词组搭配:
1. animal attractant（动物诱引物）
2. attractant scent（吸引气味）
- 派生词: attract（吸引），attractive（有吸引力的）
9. Biologist
- 音标: /ba l d st/
- 详细释义: 生物学家
- 词组搭配:
1. marine biologist（海洋生物学家）
2. wildlife biologist（野生动物学家）
- 派生词: biology（生物学），biological（生物的）
10. Precautions
- 意思: 预防措施，预防方法
- 例句: Taking precautions around grizzly bears is essential for safety.
- 例句翻译: 在灰熊周围采取预防措施对安全至关重要。
1. Occupy a conflicted corner
- 意思: 占据一个矛盾的角落
- 例句: Grizzly bears occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche, revered yet feared.
- 例句翻译: 灰熊在美国心理中占据着一个矛盾的角落，受到敬畏但又令人恐惧。
2. Flood into
- 意思: 涌入，大量涌入
- 例句: Tourists from around the world flood into Yellowstone National Park to catch a glimpse of grizzly bears.
- 例句翻译: 来自世界各地的游客涌入黄石国家公园，想一睹灰熊的风采。
3. Expand their range
- 意思: 扩展它们的活动范围
- 例句: Grizzly bears are expanding their range into areas where they haven't been seen for decades.
- 例句翻译: 灰熊正在将它们的活动范围扩展到几十年来从未见过的地区。
4. Listed under
- 意思: 列入，被列为
- 例句: Grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act in 1975 due to their declining population.
- 例句翻译: 由于数量下降，灰熊于1975年被列入濒危物种法案。
5. Delist grizzlies
- 意思: 撤销对灰熊的列名
- 例句: The US Fish and Wildlife Service attempted to delist grizzlies twice but faced opposition from conservation groups.
- 例句翻译: 美国鱼类和野生动物服务部曾两次试图撤销灰熊的列名，但遭到了保护组织的反对。
6. Remain listed
- 意思: 保持列名
- 例句: For now, grizzlies remain listed under the Endangered Species Act, ensuring their protection.
- 例句翻译: 目前，灰熊仍然被列入濒危物种法案，确保它们的保护。
7. Pass through without trouble
- 意思: 顺利通过
- 例句: If precautions are taken, grizzlies will typically pass through without trouble.
- 例句翻译: 如果采取预防措施，灰熊通常会顺利通过而不会引起麻烦。
8. Attractant-free place
- 意思: 无吸引物的地方
- 例句: The goal is to create an attractant-free place where bears can pass through safely.
- 例句翻译: 目标是创建一个无吸引物的地方，让熊可以安全地通过。
9. Manage bears
- 意思: 管理熊
- 例句: James Jonkel, a biologist, manages bears in and around Missoula to ensure human-bear coexistence.
- 例句翻译: 生物学家詹姆斯·乔克尔管理着密苏拉市及周边地区的熊，以确保人熊共存。
10. Take precautions
- 意思: 采取预防措施
- 例句: It's important to take precautions when hiking in grizzly bear territory.
- 例句翻译: 在灰熊栖息地徒步旅行时，采取预防措施非常重要。

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