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人教版八下Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet 单元知识梳理
【Useful expressions】
1.grow up 长大;成熟;成长
2.put down 放下;记下
3.hurry up 赶快;急忙(做某事)
4.bring...back to 把…带回到
5.give up 放弃
6.cut down 砍倒;减少
7.wait for 等候
8.leave behind 留下;遗留;忘记携带
9.go to the movies/see the.film 去看电影
10.think about/of 认为;考虑
11.run towards 跑向/向…跑
12.belong to 属于
13.go out to sea 出海
14.fight over 因为…而争吵;争夺
15.do some research 做一些研究
16.find out 查明;弄清
17.introduce sb./sth.to sb.向某人介绍某人/某物
18.be kind to sb.对某人友好
19.on page... 在第....页
20.at least 至少
21.on the sand/beach 在沙滩上
22.in the middle of...在…的中央
23.on the radio 通过收音机
24.on the island 在岛上
25.the marks of…的记号
27.the home of…之乡
28.a fan of..-个…迷
29.the importance of..的重要性
30.the beauty of..之美
31.at the end of 在…末
反: at the beginning/start of...在…初
32.full of energy 充满能量
33.the number of…的数量
a number of..大量的…
34.one another/each other 彼此;互相
35.country music 乡村音乐
36.a piece of land 一块陆地
37.more than 多于
38.science fiction 科幻小说(或影片等)
39.such as 例如
40.ever since 自从
41.one......the other一个……另一个
42.see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事
43.used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
44.encourage sb.(not) to do sth.鼓励某人（不要）做某事
45.can’t wait to do...迫不及待做……
46.trust one another 相互信任
47.be interested in 对……感兴趣
【Target sentences】
1.Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.
2.Has Tina read Treasure Island Yes, she has./No, she hasn’t.
3.I’ve already finished reading it.
4.I haven’t finished reading it yet.
5.The book report is due in two weeks.
6.What’s it like ---It’s fantastic.
7.Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures.
8.Tom Sawyer is about a boy who lives in the United Kingdom.
9.I like their music because it’s loud and full of energy.
10.I think if I listen to their music every morning, it will wake me up and make me happy for the rest of the day!
11.However, country music brings us back to the "good old days" when people were kind to each other and trusted one another.
12.It reminds us that the best things in life are free—laughter, friends, family, and the beauty of nature .
13.She has already read a lot about the place and done some research on it.
14.Garth is one of the most successful musicians in American history.
15.I hope to see him sing live one day!"
【Language points】
1.Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and finds an island full of treasures.
(1) full of 满是……的；（有）大量的；（有）丰富的
full of 在此处作后置定语，修饰 island。
be full of 意为“充满……”，相当于 be filled with。
She received a basket full of flowers.
If you read a lot, your life will be full of pleasure.
(2) treasure n.珠宝；财富；贵重的物品；珍品
treasure 作“珠宝；财富”讲时为不可数名词。作“贵重物品；珍品”讲时是可数名词，经常用复数。
We shall take the buried treasure away to a safe place.
The gallery has priceless art treasures.
2.You should hurry up.
hurry up 赶快；急忙（做某事）
hurry up 常用在口语中，用来催促别人。其中，hurry 作不及物动词，意为“匆忙；赶快”。
Hurry up, or you will miss the flight.
3.The book report is due in two weeks.
due adj.预期；预定
due 作形容词，通常用作表语，后面引出预期的时间、地点等。be due to do sth.表示“预计做某事，预定要做某事”。
When is the baby due 孩子什么时候出生？
Rose is due to start school in January.
【拓展延伸】
due to 意为“因为，由于”，相当于 because of，但due to一般不置于句首, because of 可以。
He was absent from work due to/because of illness.
4.A few weeks ago, I found the marks of another man's feet on the sand.
mark n.迹象；记号；分数 v.做记号；打分
She worked hard and got a good mark.(n.分数)
Our Chinese teacher marked the exam papers into deep night.(v.打分)
5.Who else is on my island
else adv.其他的；另外的
6.One of them died but the other ran towards my house.
one … the other… 一个……另一个……
one … the other … 意为“一个……另一个……”，表示特定范围内两个事物的不同情况。one 和 the other 既可单独作主语，也可修饰可数名词。
We have two ways to solve this problem.One is talking with them face to face, and the other is writing a letter to them.
One girl was singing, and the other girl was dancing to the song.
7.Have you introduced this singer/writer to others
introduce v.介绍；引见
Let me introduce our newcomer, Ben Robert.
Shall I introduce her to you
Let me introduce myself.
This new way of teaching has been introduced to our school.
8.The Toms must be popular.
must modal v.一定
此句中，must 作情态动词，意为“一定”，表示推测，暗含很大的可能性，而非“必须”。
The dictionary must belong to Sam.You can see his name on it.
【拓展延伸】
表示否定的推测“不可能”时，用 can’t，而不是 mustn’t，mustn’t表示“不可以；禁止”。
He can’t be Mr.Lee because he has gone to Shanghai.
You mustn’t smoke here, or you will be fined.
9.I think if I listen to their music every morning, it will wake me up and make me happy for the rest of the day!
make v.使得
make sb + adj.使某人怎么样
make sb + n.使某人成为…
make sb + do.让某人做 (动词不定式不带to）
10.When Sarah was a teenager, she used to fight over almost everything with her family.
(1) used to do sth.过去常常做某事
He used to be short,didn't he
(2) fight over 为……而争吵/打架
They are fighting over who should do the dishes.
11.But five years ago, while she was studying abroad in England, she heard a song full of feelings about returning home on the radio.
abroad adv.在国外；到国外
与 abroad 相关的短语有：
go abroad 出国
at home and abroad 在国内外
She worked abroad for a year.
The writer is famous both at home and abroad.
12.She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.
(1) come to do sth.逐渐；终于
come to do sth.常与 know, realize, understand 等动词连用，强调渐变过程。
He came to know the importance of the family.
We come to understand how important education is.
(2) actually adv.真实地；事实上
actually 作副词，由“形容词 actual (实际的) + -ly(副词后缀)”构成，强调情况的真实性，与 in fact 意思相近。
Actually, Grandpa is over 70.
13.Ever since then, she has been a fan of American country music.
ever since 自从
ever since 相当于 since，ever 起强调作用。ever since 后可接短语或句子，也可单独使用。在含有 ever since 引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。
I haven’t heard from him ever since last year.
14.…, but not about belonging to a group.
belong v.属于；归属
belong 是不及物动词，不可用进行式。后接宾语时用 belong to。
belong to sb = be sb’s。
Mr Wu keeps telling his students that the future belongs to
the well-educated.
They need to have a sense of belonging.(有归属感)
The yellow car belongs to me.
= The yellow car is mine.
15.However, country music brings us back to the "good old days" when people were kind to each other and trusted one another.
each other/one another 互相
one another 与 each other 同义。两者常用作动词或介词的宾语，不可作主语。所有格都是在词尾加“-’s”。
We communicate with one another (= each other) in this special language.
We are surprised at one another’s /each other’s ideas.
We should help each other.
16.He's sold more than 120 million records.
million num.一百万
million 作数词，前面有具体数字时，million 后不能加 –s，也不能跟 of。
millions of 意为“数百万的”，millions 前不能加具体数字，of 后面跟可数名词复数。
There are about two million people in the city.
Millions of children don’t have enough food to eat.
【拓展延伸】
hundred（一百），thousand（一千），billion（十亿）的用法与 million 相似：
hundreds of 成百上千的
thousands of 成千上万的
billions of 数十亿的
17.He's sold more than 120 million records.
record n.唱片；记录 v.录制；录（音）
record 作名词时读[ rek rd]或[ rek d]，作动词时读[r k (r)d]。record的词性和词义要根据上下文理解。
I spent a lot of time listening to records.（n.唱片）
I try to keep a record of every cent I spend.（n.记录）
I’ll record the film and we can watch it later.（v.录制）
The athlete broke the world record in his last match.（世界记录）
18.I hope to see him sing live one day!
(1) hope n./v.希望
hope to do sth.希望做某事
hope that 希望...
(2) see sb.do sth.看见某人做某事
see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事
(3) live adv.在现场直播；在现场表演（或录制）
live 此处作副词，也可作形容词，读作[la ]。
The concert was broadcast live on BBC.
There is a live music show on TV now.
19.The number of the records he has sold
the number of ……的数量
【易混辨析】the number of 与 a number of：
The number of the books is about 100.
A number of students are going on a trip this weekend.
【Grammar Focus】
现在完成时态
一、现在完成时的基本结构
现在完成时由“助动词 have/has + 过去分词”构成，其基本句式结构为：
① 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他.
I have seen this film.
② 否定句：主语 + have/has not + 过去分词 + 其他.
I have not seen this film.
③ 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has.否定回答：No, 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t.
— Have you seen the film —Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t.
二、过去分词的构成
1.规则变化（与动词过去式规则一样，此类称作规则动词）
-ed 的读音规则：
① 在元音或浊辅音后读 [d]，如 tried [tra d]，lived [l vd]。
② 在清辅音后读 [ ]，如 worked [ ]，stopped [ ]。
③ 在[ ][d]后读[ d]，如 mended [mend d]，wanted [w nt d]。
2.不规则变化（此类称作不规则动词，有很多）
不规则动词看似很多，其实也有一些“规则”可循，比如可以分类记忆：
有A→A→A型， A→B→B型，
A→B→C型， A→B→A型；
部分单词有类似变化：
变元音：drink→drank→drunk；
变辅音：lend→lent→lent；等等。
三、现在完成时的用法
1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常和 just（刚刚），already（已经），yet（还，仍然），ever（曾经），never（从未），before（以前），so far（到目前为止）等连用。
— Have you had your breakfast yet
— Yes, I have.I’ve just had it.
— Have you ever heard this song
— No.I’ve never heard it before.
Julia has collected over 100 beautiful hair clips so far.
2.现在完成时还可以表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与“for + 时间段”或“since + 时间点 / 从句”连用，这时要用延续性动词。
They have worked in this company for 30 years.
He has been in the army since 2016.
（错：He has joined the army since 2016.）
【特别提醒】
如果要对 for 或 since 短语提问，疑问词用 how long。
— How long have you lived in this area
— For at least 10 years.
三、already 与 yet 在现在完成时中的用法解析
四、现在完成时 VS.一般过去时
现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，因此不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。
I have already done my homework.（不能用last night等）
I’ve been to Paris before.（不能用last year等）
2.一般过去时只表示过去的动作和状态，与现在无关。可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。
I did my homework last night.
When did you go to Paris （when 一定不要和现在完成时连用）
3.日常对话中通常两种时态配合使用，开始提到一件事做没做或发生过时用现在完成时，说起这件事具体情形时用一般过去时。
— Have you been to Japan
— Yes, I have.I went there last year.
— Who did you go with
【Topic writing】
My Favorite Book
I enjoy reading different kinds of books，and my favorite book is Journey to the West.I like it so much that I have read it many times.
First，I like the Monkey King very much.He is a clever and brave monkey.He uses a magic stick to fight bad people on the way.
Second，this book teaches me never to give up when I am in trouble.If we are brave enough and not afraid of failure，we will succeed in the end.
All in all，the book not only gives me a lot of fun but also tells me what to do when I have trouble.

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