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高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part eighteen（词根词缀排序）
1. -ion 名词后缀:
action (行动) - act (v. 行动)
education (教育) - educate (v. 教育)
information (信息) - inform (v. 告知)
invention (发明) - invent (v. 发明)
invitation (邀请) - invite (v. 邀请)
introduction (介绍) - introduce (v. 介绍)
intention (意图) - intend (v. 打算)
2. -ive 形容词后缀:
active (积极的) - act (v. 行动)
attractive (有吸引力的) - attract (v. 吸引)
creative (有创造力的) - create (v. 创造)
instructive (有益的) - instruct (v. 指导)
native (本地的) - nate (出生)
positive (积极的) - pose (放置)
3. in- 前缀 (表示“进入、在…里”等):
include (包括)
insist (坚持)
inspire (鼓舞)
instruct (指导)
intend (打算)
interest (兴趣)
introduce (介绍)
invent (发明)
invite (邀请)
involve (涉及)
injure (伤害)
intelligent (聪明的)
4. inter- 前缀 (表示“在…之间”等):
international (国际的)
interview (采访)
5. 其他词根词缀:
judge (判断) - judgment (判断力)
just (公正的) - justice (正义)
kind (友善的) - kindness (友善)
know (知道) - knowledge (知识), acknowledge (承认)
knock (敲)
请注意，以上排序并非绝对准确，某些单词可能存在多个词根词缀或词源解释。
建议您在学习过程中，结合词典和其他学习资料，深入了解每个单词的词根词缀和词源，以便更好地理解和记忆。
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请你在此基础上，加上每一个单词的拓展词组，还有例句，与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析，以及帮助串记的例句（例句要有中文翻译，并且例句得是高中水平）。并做好排版。
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高考英语核心词汇拓展（按照词根词缀排序）
1. -ion 名词后缀
action (n. 行动) - act (v. 行动)
拓展词组: take action (采取行动), be in action (在行动), out of action (失效)
例句: The government took immediate action to address the crisis. (政府立即采取行动解决危机。)
education (n. 教育) - educate (v. 教育)
拓展词组: receive education (接受教育), higher education (高等教育)
例句: Education is the key to success. (教育是成功的关键。)
information (n. 信息) - inform (v. 告知)
拓展词组: gather information (收集信息), provide information (提供信息)
例句: The internet is a valuable source of information. (互联网是宝贵的信息来源。)
invention (n. 发明) - invent (v. 发明)
拓展词组: a great invention (一项伟大的发明), technological inventions (科技发明)
例句: The invention of the printing press revolutionized communication. (印刷术的发明彻底改变了交流方式。)
invitation (n. 邀请) - invite (v. 邀请)
拓展词组: receive an invitation (收到邀请), decline an invitation (拒绝邀请)
例句: I received an invitation to her birthday party. (我收到了她生日聚会的邀请。)
introduction (n. 介绍) - introduce (v. 介绍)
拓展词组: make an introduction (做介绍), self-introduction (自我介绍)
例句: He gave a brief introduction to the topic. (他对这个话题做了简短的介绍。)
intention (n. 意图) - intend (v. 打算)
拓展词组: have no intention of (无意做…), with the intention of (打算…)
例句: I had no intention of hurting your feelings. (我无意伤害你的感情。)
2. -ive 形容词后缀
active (adj. 积极的) - act (v. 行动)
拓展词组: take an active part in (积极参与), be active in (积极参与)
例句: He is an active member of the community. (他是社区的积极分子。)
辨析: active, energetic, lively
active: 侧重于积极参与活动或行动
energetic: 侧重于精力充沛、充满活力
lively: 侧重于生动活泼、充满趣味
attractive (adj. 有吸引力的) - attract (v. 吸引)
拓展词组: be attractive to (对…有吸引力), physically attractive (外表有吸引力)
例句: She has an attractive personality. (她很有吸引力。)
辨析: attractive, beautiful, pretty
attractive: 指具有吸引力的，可以指外表或内在
beautiful: 指外貌美丽动人
pretty: 指外貌漂亮可爱
creative (adj. 有创造力的) - create (v. 创造)
拓展词组: be creative in (在…方面有创造力), creative writing (创意写作)
例句: She is a very creative artist. (她是一位很有创造力的艺术家。)
辨析: creative, imaginative, original
creative: 侧重于具有创造能力和创新思维
imaginative: 侧重于富有想象力
original: 侧重于独创性
instructive (adj. 有益的) - instruct (v. 指导)
拓展词组: an instructive book (一本有益的书), instructive experience (有益的经验)
例句: The lecture was very instructive. (讲座很有益。)
辨析: instructive, educational, informative
instructive: 侧重于提供指导和教育意义
educational: 侧重于教育性
informative: 侧重于提供信息
native (adj. 本地的) - nate (出生)
拓展词组: native language (母语), native speaker (母语人士)
例句: English is not my native language. (英语不是我的母语。)
positive (adj. 积极的) - pose (放置)
拓展词组: have a positive attitude (有积极的态度), positive feedback (积极的反馈)
例句: I always try to stay positive. (我总是 保持积极。)
辨析: positive, optimistic, confident
positive: 侧重于积极向上、乐观向上
optimistic: 侧重于对未来充满希望和信心
confident: 侧重于自信
3. in- 前缀 (表示“进入、在…里”等)
include (v. 包括)
拓展词组: include in (包括在内), be included in (被包括在内)
例句: The price includes breakfast. (价格包含早餐。)
insist (v. 坚持)
拓展词组: insist on (坚持), insist that (坚持认为)
例句: He insisted on paying for dinner. (他坚持要付晚餐的钱。)
inspire (v. 鼓舞)
拓展词组: inspire sb. to do sth. (激励某人做某事), be inspired by (受到…的启发)
例句: Her story inspired me to pursue my dreams. (她的故事激励我去追求梦想。)
instruct (v. 指导)
拓展词组: instruct sb. to do sth. (指示某人做某事), receive instruction (接受指导)
例句: The teacher instructed the students to read the next chapter. (老师指示学生阅读下一章。)
intend (v. 打算)
拓展词组: intend to do sth. (打算做某事), have no intention of (无意做…)
例句: I intend to travel the world after graduation. (我打算毕业后环游世界。)
interest (n. 兴趣)
拓展词组: have an interest in (对…感兴趣), lose interest in (对…失去兴趣)
例句: She has a keen interest in music. (她对音乐很感兴趣。)
introduce (v. 介绍)
拓展词组: introduce sb. to sb. (把…介绍给…), introduce sth. to (向…介绍…)
例句: I would like to introduce my friend to you. (我想把我的朋友介绍给你。)
invent (v. 发明)
拓展词组: invent sth. (发明某物), a recent invention (一项最近的发明)
例句: Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone. (亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔发明了电话。)
invite (v. 邀请)
拓展词组: invite sb. to (邀请某人去…), receive an invitation (收到邀请)
例句: They invited me to their wedding. (他们邀请我参加他们的婚礼。)
involve (v. 涉及)
拓展词组: be involved in (参与), involve sb. in (让某人参与)
例句: The project involved a lot of hard work. (这个项目涉及很多艰苦的工作。)
injure (v. 伤害)
拓展词组: be injured in (在…中受伤), suffer an injury (受伤)
例句: He injured his leg playing football. (他踢足球时腿受伤了。)
intelligent (adj. 聪明的)
拓展词组: an intelligent person (一个聪明的人), artificial intelligence (人工智能)
例句: She is a very intelligent student. (她是一个非常聪明的学生。)
4. inter- 前缀 (表示“在…之间”等)
international (adj. 国际的)
拓展词组: international relations (国际关系), international trade (国际贸易)
例句: The United Nations is an international organization. (联合国是一个国际组织。)
interview (n.& v. 采访)
拓展词组: have an interview with (采访), job interview (求职面试)
例句: I have a job interview tomorrow. (我明天有一个工作面试。)
5. 其他词根词缀
judge (v. 判断) - judgment (n. 判断力)
拓展词组: judge by (根据…判断), make a judgment (做出判断)
例句: Don't judge a book by its cover. (不要以貌取人。)
just (adj. 公正的) - justice (n. 正义)
拓展词组: social justice (社会正义), a just decision (一个公正的决定)
例句: We all deserve justice. (我们都应该得到正义。)
kind (adj. 友善的) - kindness (n. 友善)
拓展词组: a kind person (一个友善的人), show kindness to (对…表示友善)
例句: Your kindness means a lot to me. (你的友善对我意义重大。)
know (v. 知道) - knowledge (n. 知识), acknowledge (v. 承认)
拓展词组: have knowledge of (了解), gain knowledge (获得知识)
例句: Knowledge is power. (知识就是力量。)
knock (v. 敲)
拓展词组: knock on the door (敲门), knock down (击倒)
例句: Someone is knocking on the door. (有人在敲门。)
串记例句:
The inventive scientist developed a groundbreaking invention that revolutionized the field of medicine. (这位富有创造力的科学家开发了一项突破性的发明，彻底改变了医学领域。)
The international conference brought together intellectuals from around the world to discuss global issues. (这次国际会议汇集了来自世界各地的知识分子，共同讨论全球问题。)
After a thorough investigation, the injustice was finally revealed, and the victim received justice. (经过彻底的调查，不公正行为终于被揭露，受害者得到了正义。)
Inspired by the inspiring speech, the students decided to take action and make a positive impact on their community. (受到鼓舞人心的演讲的启发，学生们决定采取行动，为社区做出积极贡献。)
配套练习
一、语法填空
The invention of the internet has greatly ________ (influence) the way we live.
She was deeply ________ (inspire) by her teacher's dedication to education.
The company insists ________ (employ) only qualified and experienced professionals.
I wasn't sure if she was genuinely ________ (interest) in the project or just being polite.
He knocked ________ (gentle) on the door, hoping not to disturb anyone.
The injured player was immediately ________ (take) to the hospital.
We intend ________ (travel) to Europe next summer.
This book is full of useful information and ________ (instruct) on how to improve your writing skills.
The children were filled with ________ (joy) when they saw the presents.
The judge's decision was considered fair and ________ (just) by most people.
二、单句改错
The teacher instructed the students for completing the assignment by Friday.
I am interesting in learning more about different cultures.
He insisted to take me out for dinner, even though I refused several times.
The invention of the airplane has revolutionized the way people travel.
I'm not sure if he was really interested or if he was just being kindly.
The meeting involves discussing the company's future plans.
He knocked at the door, but there was no answer.
Knowledge are power.
The government took action to address the housing crisis.
The new policy is intended to benefit the poor.
三、根据汉语意思完成句子
他的演讲非常鼓舞人心，激励了在场的每一个人。(inspire)
我无意冒犯你。(intend)
这本书包含了关于中国历史的丰富信息。(include)
他对科学很感兴趣，并希望成为一名科学家。(interest)
由于她的善良和慷慨，她深受大家的喜爱。(kind)
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子
据我所知，他还没有收到邀请。(to one's knowledge)
他坚持要自己完成这项工作。(insist on)
这个项目需要大量的团队合作。(involve)
他们邀请我去参加他们的毕业典礼。(invite)
我们应该根据他的行为而不是他的言语来评判他。(judge)
五、完形填空
（一）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The world is full of suffering. It is also full of overcoming it. My own experience is that the more I have been hurt, the stronger I have become. And the more I have learned to accept and let go of the pain, the more 1 I am.
When we deny our feelings, lose ourselves in 2 , pretend we are not hurt, or 3 on our suffering, we create an internal prison and 4 our own healing. We cannot be free when we are living in the 5 .
Forgiving those who have hurt us does not 6 condoning (宽恕) their behavior. It simply means we 7 the right to punish them. When we 8 on to our pain, we punish 9 . It is time to stop.
We all want to live a(n) 10 and fulfilling life. 11 we refuse to let go of the past, however, we 12 ourselves to repeating it. 13 is important for growth. And to 14 , we need to learn the art of acceptance and letting go. We do not forgive others for them. We forgive them for 15 .
A. joyful B. peaceful C. successful D. confident
A. sorrow B. anger C. excitement D. fear
A. concentrate B. focus C. depend D. reflect
A. block B. cause C. complete D. observe
A. shadow B. darkness C. danger D. past
A. stand for B. result in C. result from D. mean
A. give up B. take up C. set up D. make up
A. hold B. carry C. turn D. get
A. them B. ourselves C. anyone D. no one
A. ordinary B. simple C. meaningful D. exciting
A. If B. Though C. Unless D. Since
A. force B. encourage C. allow D. condemn
A. Forgiveness B. Pain C. Acceptance D. Suffering
A. forgive B. forget C. heal D. grow
A. us B. them C. anyone D. themselves
（二）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As I sat at my desk, I 1 the stack of bills with a growing sense of 2 . I had been working hard, yet I seemed to be 3 further and further behind.
Suddenly, a 4 came to me: I would write a check for a million dollars 5 myself. I 6 the check and put it in a prominent (显眼的) place where I would see it every day.
At first, I felt a little 7 , but then something 8 began to happen. Every day I would look at the check and 9 myself receiving a million dollars. I 10 began to act and think like a millionaire. I started to 11 my appearance and the way I talked. I even began to associate with more 12 people.
Within a few months, I 13 a better-paying job. A year later, I started my own business. Within five years, I was a 14 .
The check It was still there, a 15 reminder that believing in abundance (富足) is the first step to 16 it.
A. stared at B. looked for C. picked up D. threw away
A. excitement B. satisfaction C. frustration D. disappointment
A. falling B. moving C. running D. staying
A. voice B. thought C. man D. message
A. by B. from C. with D. to
A. signed B. sent C. received D. tore
A. silly B. worried C. surprised D. excited
A. strange B. funny C. interesting D. surprising
A. visualize B. imagine C. remind D. convince
A. usually B. actually C. certainly D. finally
A. ignore B. improve C. hate D. accept
A. successful B. kind C. poor D. strange
A. found B. lost C. refused D. changed
A. millionaire B. manager C. worker D. businessman
A. good B. bad C. constant D. common
A. making B. losing C. achieving D. keeping
参考答案：
答案
一、语法填空
influenced 2. inspired 3. on employing 4. interested 5. gently
taken 7. to travel 8. instructions 9. joy 10. just
二、单句改错
for → to 2. interesting → interested 3. to take → on taking 4. √ 5. kindly → kind
√ 7. √ 8. are → is 9. √ 10. √
三、根据汉语意思完成句子
His speech was so inspiring that it inspired everyone present.
I didn't intend to offend you.
This book includes a wealth of information about Chinese history.
He has a keen interest in science and hopes to become a scientist.
She is loved by everyone for her kindness and generosity.
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子
To my knowledge, he hasn't received the invitation yet.
He insists on finishing the work by himself.
This project involves a lot of teamwork.
They invited me to attend their graduation ceremony.
We should judge him by his actions, not his words.
五、完形填空练习
（一）
B. peaceful 解析：根据上下文语境，克服痛苦后，会变得更加平静。
A. sorrow 解析：沉溺于悲伤中会阻碍自身治愈。
B. focus 解析：专注于自身的痛苦会阻碍治愈。
A. block 解析：拒绝感受，沉溺于悲伤，假装不受伤，或专注于痛苦，这些都会阻碍治愈。
D. past 解析：活在过去会阻碍我们获得自由。
D. mean 解析：原谅不等于宽恕，只是放弃惩罚的权利。
A. give up 解析：原谅意味着放弃惩罚他们的权利。
A. hold 解析：坚持痛苦是在惩罚自己。
B. ourselves 解析：坚持痛苦是在惩罚自己。
C. meaningful 解析：我们都想过有意义的人生。
C. Unless 解析：除非我们放下过去，否则我们只能重复过去。
C. allow 解析：不放下过去，就是允许过去重演。
C. Acceptance 解析：接受是成长的关键。
D. grow 解析：为了成长，我们需要学会接受和放手。
A. us 解析：我们原谅他人是为了我们自己。
（二）
A. stared at 解析：凝视着账单，感到越来越沮丧。
C. frustration 解析：努力工作却越来越落后，感到沮丧。
A. falling 解析：越来越落后。
B. thought 解析：突然有了一个想法。
D. to 解析：给自己开一张百万美元的支票。
A. signed 解析：在支票上签名。
A. silly 解析：起初觉得有点傻。
D. surprising 解析：但令人惊讶的事情发生了。
A. visualize 解析：每天看着支票，想象自己收到一百万美元。
B. actually 解析：开始像百万富翁一样行动和思考。
B. improve 解析：开始改善自己的外表和说话方式。
A. successful 解析：开始与更成功的人交往。
A. found 解析：几个月后，找到了一份薪水更高的工作。
A. millionaire 解析：五年之内，成为了一名百万富翁。
C. constant 解析：支票仍然在那里，不断提醒着我。
C. achieving 解析：相信富足是实现富足的第一步。高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part nineteen (词根词缀排序)
1. spect (看)
expect (ex- 向外 + spect 看): 期望，预期
拓展: expect sb. to do sth. (期望某人做某事), be expected to do sth. (被期望做某事)
易错点: expect 后面接动词不定式，而不是动名词。
例句:
I expect to finish the project by next week. (我预计下周完成这个项目。)
She is expected to arrive at noon. (她预计中午到达。)
respect (re- 反复 + spect 看): 尊重，尊敬
拓展: with respect to (关于), show respect for (对...表示尊敬)
例句:
We should show respect for our elders. (我们应该尊敬长辈。)
With respect to your proposal, I have some concerns. (关于你的提议，我有一些顾虑。)
suspect (sus- 在下面 + spect 看): 怀疑，猜想
拓展: suspect sb. of doing sth. (怀疑某人做了某事)
例句:
The police suspect him of murder. (警察怀疑他谋杀。)
I suspect that she is not telling the truth. (我怀疑她没有说实话。)
串记: We all expect to be respected, but sometimes we suspect others' intentions. (我们都期望得到尊重，但有时我们怀疑别人的意图。)
2. duce/duct (引导)
introduce (intro- 向内 + duce 引导): 介绍，引进
拓展: introduce sb. to sb. (把某人介绍给某人), introduce sth. into sth. (把某物引入某物)
例句:
Please allow me to introduce myself. (请允许我自我介绍。)
The government introduced new policies to boost the economy. (政府出台了新政策来促进经济发展。)
produce (pro- 向前 + duce 引导): 生产，制造
拓展: produce evidence (提供证据), mass production (大规模生产)
例句:
China produces a wide variety of goods. (中国生产各种各样的商品。)
The company is planning to increase its production capacity. (该公司计划提高其生产能力。)
reduce (re- 回 + duce 引导): 减少，降低
拓展: reduce sth. to sth. (把...减少到...), reduce speed (减速)
例句:
We need to reduce our carbon footprint. (我们需要减少我们的碳足迹。)
The doctor advised him to reduce his intake of salt. (医生建议他减少盐的摄入量。)
串记: The company introduced a new product, hoping to increase production and reduce costs. (公司推出了一款新产品，希望能提高产量并降低成本。)
3. pose/posit (放置)
compose (com- 一起 + pose 放置): 组成，构成
拓展: be composed of (由...组成)
例句:
Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. (水是由氢和氧组成的。)
The committee is composed of experts from different fields. (委员会由来自不同领域的专家组成。)
expose (ex- 向外 + pose 放置): 暴露，揭露
拓展: expose sb./sth. to sth. (使某人/某物暴露于...)
例句:
The scandal exposed the corruption of the government. (这起丑闻揭露了政府的腐败。)
Don't expose your skin to the sun for too long. (不要让你的皮肤长时间暴露在阳光下。)
oppose (op- 相对 + pose 放置): 反对，对抗
拓展: be opposed to (反对)
例句:
I am opposed to the war. (我反对战争。)
The two teams opposed each other fiercely on the field. (两队在场上激烈对抗。)
propose (pro- 向前 + pose 放置): 提议，建议
拓展: propose to do sth. (提议做某事), propose that... (提议...)
例句:
I propose that we have a meeting to discuss this issue. (我建议我们开个会讨论这个问题。)
He proposed to her on Valentine's Day. (他在情人节向她求婚。)
suppose (sup- 在下面 + pose 放置): 假设，猜想
拓展: be supposed to do sth. (应该做某事)
例句:
Suppose you won the lottery, what would you do (假设你中了彩票，你会做什么？)
You are supposed to be at work now. (你现在应该在工作。)
deposit (de- 下 + posit 放置): 存款，存放
拓展: make a deposit (存款)
例句:
I need to deposit some money into my bank account. (我需要往我的银行账户里存一些钱。)
The river deposited a layer of silt on the land. (这条河在陆地上沉积了一层淤泥。)
串记: He proposed a new plan, but some people opposed it. He was supposed to expose the truth, but he refused to do so. (他提出了一个新的计划，但有些人反对。他应该揭露真相，但他拒绝这样做。)
4. re- (回, 再)
receive (re- 回 + ceive 拿): 接收，收到
拓展: receive a letter (收到一封信), receive guests (接待客人)
例句:
I received your email this morning. (我今天早上收到了你的电子邮件。)
She received a warm welcome from her friends. (她受到了朋友们的热烈欢迎。)
refuse (re- 回 + fuse ): 拒绝
拓展: refuse to do sth. (拒绝做某事)
例句:
He refused to answer my questions. (他拒绝回答我的问题。)
She refused his offer of help. (她拒绝了他的帮助。)
remain (re- 仍然 + main 停留): 剩余，剩下
拓展: the remaining (剩下的), remain silent (保持沉默)
例句:
There are only a few tickets remaining. (只剩下几张票了。)
He remained calm in the face of danger. (他在危险面前保持冷静。)
串记: She received a job offer, but she refused it because she wanted to remain in her current position. (她收到了一份工作邀请，但她拒绝了，因为她想留在她现在的职位上。)
5. dis- (不, 离开)
discover (dis- 不 + cover 盖子): 发现
拓展: discover a new species (发现一个新物种), discover a secret (发现一个秘密)
例句:
Scientists have discovered a new planet. (科学家们发现了一颗新的星球。)
She discovered that he had been lying to her. (她发现他一直在对她撒谎。)
discuss (dis- 分开 + cuss 敲打): 讨论，商量
拓展: discuss a problem (讨论一个问题), discuss sth. with sb. (与某人讨论某事)
例句:
We need to discuss this matter further. (我们需要进一步讨论这件事。)
She discussed her plans with her family. (她与家人讨论了她的计划。)
串记: After discovering the problem, they sat down to discuss possible solutions. (发现问题后，他们坐下来讨论可能的解决方案。)
6. -ful (充满的)
careful (care 小心 + ful): 谨慎的，细心的
拓展: be careful of (小心...), be careful not to do sth. (小心不要做某事)
例句:
Please be careful when crossing the street. (过马路时请小心。)
Be careful not to make any mistakes. (小心不要犯任何错误。)
helpful (help 帮助 + ful): 有帮助的，有益的
拓展: be helpful to sb. (对某人有帮助)
例句:
The staff at the hotel were very helpful. (酒店的工作人员非常乐于助人。)
Exercise is helpful for your health. (锻炼对你的健康有益。)
useful (use 使用 + ful): 有用的，有益的
拓展: be useful for (对...有用)
例句:
This book is very useful for learning English. (这本书对学习英语很有用。)
This tool can be useful for a variety of tasks. (这个工具可以用于各种任务。)
串记: The teacher was helpful and gave us some useful advice on how to be more careful with our work. (老师很有帮助，给了我们一些关于如何更认真地对待我们工作的有用建议。)
7. -less (没有的)
careless (care 小心 + less): 粗心的，不小心的
拓展: make a careless mistake (犯粗心的错误)
例句:
He made a careless mistake in his calculations. (他在计算中犯了一个粗心的错误。)
Don't be careless with your belongings. (不要粗心大意。)
hopeless (hope 希望 + less): 绝望的，无望的
拓展: a hopeless situation (绝望的处境)
例句:
The situation seemed hopeless. (情况似乎很绝望。)
Don't give up hope. (不要放弃希望。)
useless (use 使用 + less): 无用的，无益的
拓展: It's useless to do sth. (做某事是无用的)
例句:
It's useless to argue with him. (和他争论是没有用的。)
This old computer is useless. (这台旧电脑没用了。)
串记: It's hopeless to try to convince him, he's too careless and thinks everything is useless. (想说服他是没有希望的，他太粗心了，认为一切都是无用的。)
8. 其他词汇
alive (a- 在 + live 活): 活着的
辨析: alive 指有生命的，与 dead 相对；living 指活着的，存在的，强调生命的存在；live 指活的，生动的，强调生命力的旺盛。
例句:
He was the only one who came out alive. (他是唯一活着出来的人。)
There are many living organisms in the ocean. (海洋中有很多生物。)
We watched a live broadcast of the concert. (我们观看了音乐会的现场直播。)
land: 土地，陆地
拓展: by land (陆路), land on (登陆)
例句:
They travelled by land and sea. (他们陆路和海路旅行。)
The plane landed safely at the airport. (飞机安全降落在机场。)
laugh: 笑
拓展: laugh at (嘲笑), burst into laughter (突然大笑)
例句:
Don't laugh at other people's misfortunes. (不要嘲笑别人的不幸。)
The children burst into laughter when they saw the clown. (孩子们看到小丑时 burst into laughter。)
lead: 领导，带领
辨析: lead 强调带领，引导；guide 强调指导，指引方向；conduct 强调指挥，控制。
例句:
He led his team to victory. (他带领他的团队走向胜利。)
The tour guide led us through the museum. (导游带我们参观了博物馆。)
The orchestra was conducted by a famous musician. (乐团由一位著名的音乐家指挥。)
串记: The leader, full of life and laughter, led his people to a new land. (这位充满活力和笑声的领导人带领他的人民走向了一片新的土地。)
9. 其他词汇（续）
learn: 学习
拓展: learn by heart (记住), learn from (向...学习)
例句:
I learned to play the piano when I was a child. (我小时候学过弹钢琴。)
We can learn a lot from our mistakes. (我们可以从错误中吸取很多教训。)
leave: 离开，留下
拓展: leave for (前往), leave sb. alone (让某人独处)
例句:
I have to leave for work now. (我现在必须去上班了。)
Please leave me alone. (请让我一个人待着。)
lie: 躺，位于；撒谎
辨析: lie (lay, lain) 指躺，位于；lie (lied, lied) 指撒谎。
例句:
The book is lying on the table. (这本书放在桌子上。)
He lied to me about his age. (他对我撒谎了他的年龄。)
lift: 举起，抬起
辨析: lift 指抬起，举起，强调向上移动；raise 指举起，升起，强调位置的升高；elevate 指提升，提高，强调地位或水平的提高。
例句:
He lifted the box with ease. (他轻松地举起了箱子。)
They raised the flag to the top of the pole. (他们把旗帜升到旗杆顶上。)
Education can elevate people's minds. (教育可以提升人们的思想。)
串记: He learned that lying would get him nowhere, so he left his past behind and lifted his head high. (他明白撒谎不会让他有任何进步，所以他抛弃了过去，昂首挺胸。)
10. 其他词汇（续）
light: 光，轻的
拓展: turn on the light (开灯), light a fire (点火)
例句:
Can you please turn on the light (你能开灯吗？)
The firefighters were trying to put out the light. (消防员们试图扑灭大火。)
like: 喜欢，像
拓展: would like to do sth. (想要做某事), look like (看起来像)
例句:
I like reading books. (我喜欢读书。)
She looks like her mother. (她长得像她妈妈。)
likely: 很可能的
拓展: be likely to do sth. (可能做某事)
例句:
It is likely to rain tomorrow. (明天可能会下雨。)
He is likely to win the race. (他很可能会赢得比赛。)
limit: 限制
拓展: set a limit (设定限制), within limits (在一定范围内)
例句:
There is a speed limit on this road. (这条路有限速。)
You can do whatever you want within limits. (你可以在一定范围内做任何你想做的事。)
串记: The light was dim, but likely enough for her to see the book she liked. However, her time was limited. (灯光昏暗，但可能足以让她看到她喜欢的书。然而，她的时间有限。)
11. 其他词汇（续）
link: 连接，联系
拓展: link A to B (把 A 和 B 连接起来), be linked to (与...相关联)
例句:
The bridge links the island to the mainland. (这座桥连接着岛屿和大陆。)
Smoking is linked to lung cancer. (吸烟与肺癌有关。)
little: 小的，少的
辨析: little 修饰不可数名词，表示“很少，几乎没有”；a little 修饰不可数名词，表示“有一些”；few 修饰可数名词，表示“很少”；a few 修饰可数名词，表示“有一些”。
例句:
I have little time to spare. (我几乎没有空闲时间。)
I have a little money left. (我还剩一点钱。)
There are few people in the park. (公园里几乎没有人。)
There are a few apples on the tree. (树上还有一些苹果。)
live: 活着，居住
拓展: live in (居住在), make a living (谋生)
例句:
I live in a small town. (我住在一个小镇上。)
He makes a living by writing. (他以写作为生。)
load: 负荷，装载
拓展: a load of (许多), load sth. onto sth. (把...装载到...)
例句:
I have a load of work to do today. (我今天有很多工作要做。)
They loaded the cargo onto the ship. (他们把货物装上船。)
串记: With little effort, he linked the pieces of information together and discovered the truth. The load was lifted from his mind. (他毫不费力地将信息碎片连接起来，发现了真相。他心头的负担减轻了。)
12.
ject (投掷):
object (ob- 对着 + ject 投掷): 物体；反对
拓展: object to (反对), no object (不反对)
例句:
There are many objects on the table. (桌子上有很多物体。)
I object to your proposal. (我反对你的提议。)
subject (sub- 在下面 + ject 投掷): 主题，科目；主语；臣民
拓展: be subject to (受...支配), subject matter (主题)
例句:
The subject of the lecture is environmental protection. (讲座的主题是环境保护。)
All citizens are subject to the law. (所有公民都必须遵守法律。)
project (pro- 向前 + ject 投掷): 项目，工程；投射
拓展: work on a project (参与一个项目), project an image (投射图像)
例句:
We are working on a new project to develop a new product. (我们正在开发一个新产品的项目。)
The projector projected the image onto the screen. (投影仪将图像投射到屏幕上。)
串记: The object of the project was to study the subject of climate change. (该项目的目的是研究气候变化的主题。)
13. 具有相同词缀的词汇 (续)
-able (能够的):
comfortable (comfort 舒适 + able): 舒适的
例句:
I feel comfortable in this chair. (我坐在这把椅子上很舒服。)
available (avail 利用 + able): 可获得的，可利用的
例句:
The tickets are available online. (门票可以在线购买。)
probable (prob 证明 + able): 可能的，很可能的
例句:
It is probable that he will come to the party. (他很可能会来参加聚会。)
-ment (名词后缀):
government (govern 管理 + ment): 政府
例句:
The government is responsible for providing public services. (政府负责提供公共服务。)
movement (move 移动 + ment): 运动，移动
例句:
The movement of the Earth around the Sun causes the seasons. (地球绕太阳的运动造成了四季。)
development (develop 发展 + ment): 发展，开发
例句:
There have been many developments in technology in recent years. (近年来科技发展迅速。)
串记: The government is working on a development project to make affordable housing available to all citizens. (政府正在进行一个发展项目，为所有公民提供经济适用房。)
14.
join: 加入，连接
辨析: join 指加入某个团体或组织，或将两个或多个事物连接在一起；connect 指连接两个或多个事物，强调事物之间的关系；combine 指将两个或多个事物结合在一起，形成一个新的整体。
例句:
He joined the army after he graduated from high school. (他高中毕业后参军了。)
We need to connect the printer to the computer. (我们需要将打印机连接到电脑。)
We can combine these two ideas into one. (我们可以将这两个想法合并为一个。)
judge: 判断，评价
拓展: judge sb./sth. by (根据...判断), make a judgment (做出判断)
例句:
Don't judge a book by its cover. (不要以貌取人。)
The judge sentenced the criminal to ten years in prison. (法官判处罪犯十年监禁。)
just: 公正的，正义的；仅仅，只是
拓展: just do it (去做吧), just in time (及时)
例句:
We must fight for a just society. (我们必须为一个公正的社会而战。)
I arrived just in time for the meeting. (我及时赶到参加会议。)
keep: 保持，保留
拓展: keep a secret (保守秘密), keep in touch (保持联系)
例句:
Please keep this a secret. (请保守这个秘密。)
Let's keep in touch. (让我们保持联系。)
串记: He joined the team and was judged to be a just and valuable member. He helped to keep the project on track and achieve its goals. (他加入了团队，被认为是一个公正而有价值的成员。他帮助项目按计划进行并实现了目标。)
15.
tain/ten/tin (拿，握):
contain (con- 全部 + tain 拿): 包含，容纳
拓展: contain oneself (克制自己), be contained in (包含在...)
例句:
The box contains many old books. (盒子里装有很多旧书。)
The fire was contained within the building. (火势被控制在大楼内。)
obtain (ob- 朝向 + tain 拿): 获得，得到
拓展: obtain information (获取信息), obtain permission (获得许可)
例句:
He obtained a degree in engineering. (他获得了工程学位。)
We need to obtain more data before we can make a decision. (我们需要获得更多数据才能做出决定。)
maintain (main- 手 + tain 拿): 维持，保持
拓展: maintain order (维持秩序), maintain a relationship (维持关系)
例句:
It is important to maintain a healthy diet. (保持健康的饮食很重要。)
We need to maintain good relations with our neighbors. (我们需要与邻国保持良好关系。)
串记: The container obtained from the warehouse contained all the materials needed to maintain the equipment. (从仓库获得的集装箱包含了维护设备所需的所有材料。)
16. 具有相同词缀的词汇 (续)
-tion (名词后缀):
information (inform 通知 + ation): 信息，情报
拓展: a piece of information (一条信息), information technology (信息技术)
例句:
I need more information about this project. (我需要更多关于这个项目的信息。)
The internet is a valuable source of information. (互联网是一个宝贵的信息来源。)
education (educate 教育 + ation): 教育，培养
拓展: higher education (高等教育), receive education (接受教育)
例句:
Education is the key to success. (教育是成功的关键。)
Everyone should have access to quality education. (每个人都应该有机会接受优质教育。)
nation (nat 出生 + ion): 国家，民族
拓展: a developing nation (发展中国家), the United Nations (联合国)
例句:
China is a great nation with a long history. (中国是一个有着悠久历史的伟大国家。)
The United Nations is an international organization that promotes peace and cooperation. (联合国是一个促进和平与合作的国际组织。)
串记: Education is essential for the development of a nation, and access to information is crucial for a well-informed population. (教育对于国家的发展至关重要，获得信息对于知识渊博的人口至关重要。)
17.
key: 钥匙；关键，重要
拓展: the key to (…的关键), key point (要点)
例句:
I can't find my keys. (我找不到我的钥匙了。)
The key to success is hard work. (成功的关键是努力工作。)
kill: 杀死，消灭
拓展: kill time (消磨时间), kill two birds with one stone (一箭双雕)
例句:
The hunter killed the deer. (猎人杀死了鹿。)
I need to find something to do to kill time. (我需要找点事做来打发时间。)
kind: 种类；友好的，善良的
拓展: a kind of (一种), be kind to (对...友善)
例句:
There are many different kinds of flowers in the garden. (花园里有很多不同种类的花。)
Please be kind to animals. (请善待动物。)
king: 国王
拓展: the king and queen (国王和王后)
例句:
The king ruled the country for many years. (国王统治这个国家很多年了。)
串记: Kindness is the key to unlocking the best in people. Even a king should be kind to his subjects. (善良是开启人们内心最美好品质的关键。即使是国王也应该善待他的臣民。)
18.
knowledge: 知识，学问
拓展: gain knowledge (获得知识), a thirst for knowledge (求知欲)
例句:
He has a vast knowledge of history. (他对历史有渊博的知识。)
Reading is a good way to gain knowledge. (阅读是获取知识的好方法。)
lack: 缺乏，缺少
拓展: lack of (缺乏), be lacking in (缺乏)
例句:
There is a lack of evidence to support his claim. (没有证据支持他的说法。)
He is lacking in confidence. (他缺乏自信。)
串记: Knowledge is power, and a lack of knowledge can be a major obstacle to success. (知识就是力量，缺乏知识可能是成功的重大障碍。)
19.
log/logue (说话):
dialogue (dia- 穿过 + logue 说话): 对话
例句:
The play is full of witty dialogue. (这出戏充满了机智的对话。)
apologize (apo- 离开 + logize 说话): 道歉
拓展: apologize to sb. for sth. (为某事向某人道歉)
例句:
I apologize for being late. (我为迟到道歉。)
catalogue (cata- 向下 + logue 说话): 目录，目录册
例句:
I need to find the book in the library catalogue. (我需要在图书馆目录中找到这本书。)
串记: The dialogue in the movie was so moving that it made me want to apologize for my past mistakes. (电影中的对话如此感人，以至于我想为过去的错误道歉。)
20.
large: 大的，巨大的
拓展: a large number of (大量), by and large (大体上)
例句:
A large crowd gathered to watch the parade. (一大群人聚集在一起观看游行。)
By and large, I agree with your proposal. (总的来说，我同意你的提议。)
last: 最后的，最近的；持续
拓展: at last (终于), last but not least (最后但并非最不重要)
例句:
He was the last person to leave the office. (他是最后一个离开办公室的人。)
The meeting lasted for two hours. (会议持续了两个小时。)
late: 晚的，迟的
拓展: be late for (迟到), of late (最近)
例句:
I'm sorry I'm late. (对不起，我迟到了。)
He has been feeling tired of late. (他最近一直感到很累。)
lay (laid, laid): 放置，安放
辨析: lay 指放置，安放，强调动作；lie 指躺，位于，强调状态。
例句:
Please lay the book on the table. (请把书放在桌子上。)
The cat is lying on the rug. (猫躺在毯子上。)
串记: The large company held its last meeting in the late afternoon. The CEO laid out the plans for the future. (这家大公司在傍晚举行了最后一次会议。首席执行官制定了未来的计划。)
21.
lead (led, led): 领导，带领
拓展: take the lead (带头), lead to (导致)
例句:
She is a natural leader. (她是一位天生的领导者。)
Smoking can lead to cancer. (吸烟会导致癌症。)
learn (learned, learned): 学习，学会
拓展: learn by doing (从实践中学习), learn a lesson (吸取教训)
例句:
Children learn by playing. (孩子们在玩耍中学习。)
He learned his lesson the hard way. (他以惨痛的教训吸取了教训。)
leave (left, left): 离开，留下
拓展: leave for (前往), leave sb. alone (让某人独处)
例句:
I have to leave for work now. (我现在必须去上班了。)
Please leave me alone. (请让我一个人待着。)
lie (lay, lain): 躺，位于
例句:
The book is lying on the table. (这本书放在桌子上。)
串记: The leader led his team through the forest, learning about the local plants and animals. He left no trace of his presence. (领导带领他的团队穿过森林，了解当地的动植物。他没有留下任何痕迹。)
22.
lift: 举起，抬起
拓展: give sb. a lift (让某人搭车), lift up (举起)
例句:
Can you give me a lift to the airport (你能送我去机场吗？)
He lifted up the child so she could see the parade. (他抱起孩子，让她可以看到游行。)
light: 光，轻的
拓展: turn on the light (开灯), light a fire (点火)
例句:
Can you please turn on the light (你能开灯吗？)
The firefighters were trying to put out the light. (消防员们试图扑灭大火。)
like: 喜欢，像
拓展: would like to do sth. (想要做某事), look like (看起来像)
例句:
I like reading books. (我喜欢读书。)
She looks like her mother. (她长得像她妈妈。)
likely: 很可能的
拓展: be likely to do sth. (可能做某事)
例句:
It is likely to rain tomorrow. (明天可能会下雨。)
He is likely to win the race. (他很可能会赢得比赛。)
串记: She liked to sit by the window and watch the light lift the darkness of the night. (她喜欢坐在窗边，看着灯光驱散夜晚的黑暗。)高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part seventeen (词根词缀排序)
321. hesitate (v.) 犹豫；迟疑；含糊
拓展词组：
hesitate to do sth. (不愿意做某事)
hesitate about/over doing sth. (做某事犹豫不决)
have no hesitation in doing sth. (毫不犹豫地做某事)
without hesitation (毫不犹豫地)
易错点拨： 注意hesitate后接动词不定式，不要使用动名词。
例句：
She hesitated to tell him the bad news. (她犹豫着要不要告诉他这个坏消息。)
He hesitated for a moment before answering the question. (他在回答问题之前犹豫了一下。)
Without hesitation, he rushed into the burning building to save the child. (他毫不犹豫地冲进燃烧的建筑物去救孩子。)
串记例句：
Hesitation is not a good thing. He is always hesitating about making decisions. (犹豫不是好事。他总是对做决定犹豫不决。)
The soldier showed no hesitation in facing the enemy. (士兵毫不犹豫地面对敌人。)
322. hide (v.) (hid, hidden) 把…藏起来，隐藏
拓展词组：
hide ... from ... (向……隐瞒……)
hide ... behind/under/in ... (隐藏到……后面/下面/里面)
hide away (躲藏起来)
hide one's feelings (掩饰感情)
hide one's head (把脸藏起来，羞得躲起来)
易错点拨： hiding 和 hidden 作定语时意思不同: a hiding place (一个藏身处)；a hidden place (一个秘密/隐藏的地方)。
例句：
The children hid behind the curtains and giggled. (孩子们躲在窗帘后面咯咯地笑。)
She tried to hide her disappointment at not getting the job. (她试图掩饰自己没有得到这份工作的失望。)
串记例句：
If you want to play hide-and-seek, you need to let a person hide first. (如果要玩捉迷藏，就需要让一个人先藏起来。)
The thief hid the stolen jewels in a secret compartment. (小偷把偷来的珠宝藏在一个秘密隔间里。)
323. high (adj./adv.) （位置）高的；高水平的；高级的；正点的，全盛的；高
拓展词组：
aim high (志存高远)
fly high (飞得高)
highlight (v./n. 突出；强调；最精彩的部分)
highly (adv. 高度地；非常)
speak/think highly of (赞扬/高度评价)
high-rise (adj./n. 高楼的；超高层的；高楼；大厦)
highway (n. 公/大路；捷径)
辨析： high 和 highly 均可用作副词，前者一般用于表示位置“高”，具体的“高”，后者表示抽象概念的“高”，指程度的“高”，还可用来修饰形容词和分词，表示程度。
例句：
The mountains are high and covered with snow. (山很高，覆盖着积雪。)
She has a high opinion of your work. (她对你的工作评价很高。)
串记例句：
We must aim high in order to fly higher. This slogan is the highlight and we are also highly praised by our leaders. (我们要想飞得更高，就要志存高远。这个口号是亮点，我们也得到了领导的高度赞扬。)
He lives in a high-rise apartment with a stunning view of the city. (他住在一栋高层公寓里，可以欣赏到城市的壮丽景色。)
324. hold (v./n.) (held, held) 拿/抱/握住；举行；拥/持有；保持；保存/留；抑制
拓展词组：
catch/get/take hold of (抓住，掌握)
hold back (退缩不前，踌躇；妨碍，控制，保守(秘密等)，隐瞒)
hold down (压制)
hold off (拖延，使远离)
hold on (抓住不放，等一下；继续)
hold on to (紧紧抓住，坚持；克制)
hold out (伸出；坚持(要求)，提供)
hold over (延期)
hold up (举起；提出；支持；拦劫)
易错点拨： hold 的用法很多，注意区分不同短语的含义和用法。
例句：
She held the baby close to her chest. (她紧紧地抱着婴儿。)
The company is holding a conference next week. (公司下周将举行一次会议。)
He managed to hold back his tears. (他设法忍住了眼泪。)
串记例句：
Her application was held up by the postal strike. Then her car broke down. She just managed to hold back her anger and hold on until help arrived. (她的申请因邮政部门罢工而耽搁了，然后她的车抛锚了。她只能设法控制住自己的愤怒，坚持到救援人员到来。)
The hostages held out for several days before the police finally rescued them. (人质坚持了几天，警察最终将他们救出。)
325. honest (adj.) 诚实的，正直的
拓展词组：
be honest with (对…诚实)
to be honest (老实说；说实话)
honestly (adv. 真诚地；公正地)
honesty (n. 诚实，正直)
易错点拨： honest 的反义词是 dishonest。
例句：
It's important to be honest in your dealings with others. (与他人交往时要诚实很重要。)
To be honest, I don't think your plan will work. (说实话，我不认为你的计划会奏效。)
串记例句：
To be honest, the bodyguard is indeed an honest man because he believes honesty is a good quality. (老实说，保镖确实是个非常诚实的人，因为他认为诚实是一种好的品质。)
He was rewarded for his honesty in returning the lost wallet. (他因拾金不昧而受到奖励。)
326. honour (n./v.) (美 honor) 荣誉，光荣；荣誉称号；尊敬，给予荣誉
拓展词组：
be honoured for (因……而受到尊敬)
feel honoured to do /of doing sth. (为做某事而感到荣幸)
be honoured as (被尊为……)
show honour to sb. (向某人致意)
have the honour of doing/to do sth. (有幸做某事)
It's an honour to do ... (做……是一种荣幸)
in honour of/in one's honour (为了纪念，为向……表示敬意)
on one's honour (以名誉担保(保证))
fight for the honour of one’s country (为国争光)
易错点拨： 注意 honour 的拼写，美式英语为 honor。
例句：
It was an honour to meet the Queen. (能见到女王是一种荣幸。)
He fought for the honour of his country. (他为国家的荣誉而战。)
串记例句：
It's my honor to do something for this honourable old man. (为这位值得尊重的老人做事，是我的荣幸。)
The school held a ceremony in honour of the retiring principal. (学校为即将退休的校长举行了仪式。)
327. hope (n./v.) 希望
拓展词组：
hope for (希望(得到)，期待)
in the hope of/that从句 (怀着…的希望)
hope for the best (抱乐观的希望)
hope so/not (希望如此/不是)
hopeful (adj. 有希望的；有前途的)
hopefully (adv．怀有希望地；据信，有信心)
hopeless (adj. 绝望的；不可救药的)
辨析： hope 和 wish 的区别：hope 后不接宾语补足语和双宾语，宾语从句用陈述语气；wish 可以接宾语补足语和双宾语表祝福，宾语从句用虚拟语气。
例句：
I hope to see you again soon. (我希望很快能再见到你。)
We hope for a peaceful resolution to the conflict. (我们希望这场冲突能和平解决。)
串记例句：
I always hope for the best and I want to be hopeful forever. (我总是抱着乐观的期望，我希望自己永远充满希望。)
The situation seemed hopeless, but they never gave up hope. (情况似乎毫无希望，但他们从未放弃希望。)
328. hurry (v./n.) 赶快；急忙；催促
拓展词组：
hurry away (赶快去)
hurry up (赶紧，匆匆完成)
in a hurry (匆忙)
in no hurry (不忙，不着急)
hurried (a. 匆忙的；草率的)
易错点拨： hurry up 是不及物动词短语，后不直接跟宾语。
例句：
We need to hurry if we want to catch the train. (如果我们想赶上火车，就需要快点。)
She ate a hurried breakfast and rushed out the door. (她匆匆吃了早餐，冲出门外。)
串记例句：
"Hurry up!" my mom said, so I ate a hurried breakfast and left. (“快点!” 妈妈说。于是我匆匆吃完早餐就离开了。)
There's no need to hurry. We have plenty of time. (不用着急，我们有的是时间。)
329. human (n./adj.) 人；人的，人类的；人性的，有人情味的
拓展词组：
human body/nature/right (人体/人性/人权)
human being (人；人类)
humanism (n. 人道主义)
humanity (n. 人类；人道)
易错点拨： human 作名词时是可数名词，指“人”。
例句：
Humans have a remarkable ability to adapt to different environments. (人类具有适应不同环境的非凡能力。)
It is important to show compassion and understanding for our fellow human beings. (对我们的同胞表现出同情和理解很重要。)
串记例句：
As human beings, we must have human rights and uphold humanism. (我们作为人类，必须要拥有人权，坚持人道主义。)
The study of human history is fascinating and complex. (人类历史的研究既迷人又复杂。)
330. hurt (v./n.) (hurt, hurt) 伤害，受伤；疼痛；伤人感情；创伤；打击
拓展词组：
hurt one’s feelings (伤害某人的感情)
it won’t hurt to do sth. (做某事也无妨)
辨析： hurt/injure/wound 的区别：hurt 泛指弄伤，伤害，包括肉体和感情；疼痛；injure (在事故中)使受伤，弄伤；wound (用刀、枪等武器)伤害。
例句：
He fell off his bike and hurt his knee. (他从自行车上摔下来，伤了膝盖。)
Her harsh words hurt his feelings deeply. (她尖刻的话深深地伤害了他的感情。)
串记例句：
I did hurt his feelings. As far as I' m concerned, it won’t hurt to hurt his feeling. (我的确伤害了他的感情。对我而言，伤害他的感情也没什么关系。)
The injured players were taken to the hospital. (受伤的球员被送往医院。)
331. idea (n.) 主意，意见；打算，想法
拓展词组：
have an idea (认为，感到)
have any idea (知道，了解)
have no idea (不知道，不了解)
以上各词组后可接of doing或that从句和wh-从句
易错点拨： 注意 idea 的拼写，不要与 ideal 混淆。
例句：
I have no idea what you're talking about. (我不知道你在说什么。)
She had a brilliant idea for a new business. (她有一个很棒的新商业创意。)
串记例句：
I have no idea what his ideal job is. (我也不知道他的理想工作是什么。)
The main idea of the article is that we need to protect the environment. (这篇文章的主要观点是我们需要保护环境。)
332. identify (v.) 鉴定；识别，辨认出，认出；认明；把…看成一样
拓展词组：
identify oneself with (和……有联系，认同，和……打成一片，参加到……中去)
identify with (对……同情，和……有同感)
be identified with (被认为与……有联系)
易错点拨： identify with 和 identify oneself with 的区别：identify with 指“对……有同感”，identify oneself with 指“认同……，把自己看作……的一部分”。
例句：
Can you identify the person in this photograph (你能认出这张照片里的人吗 )
He identifies himself with the working class. (他认同工人阶级。)
串记例句：
I didn't enjoy the book because I couldn't identify with any of the main characters. (我不喜欢这本书，因为我无法与其中的任何主要角色产生共鸣。)
The police identified the suspect from the fingerprints found at the crime scene. (警方根据在犯罪现场发现的指纹确认了嫌疑人。)
333. ignore (v.) 忽视/略；不理会
拓展词组：
ignore one's advice/mistakes (忽视某人的建议/过错)
ignore traffic rules (忽视交通规则)
易错点拨： ignore 的宾语通常是人或事物，不要误用成 ignore to do sth.。
例句：
He ignored her warnings and went swimming in the rough sea. (他无视她的警告，去波涛汹涌的大海里游泳。)
It's important not to ignore the signs of stress. (忽视压力的迹象是很重要的。)
串记例句：
It is only an ignorant man who ignores the questions posed by others. (无知的人才会忽视别人提出的问题。)
She ignored his rude remarks and continued with her presentation. (她无视他粗鲁的言论，继续她的演讲。)
334. imagine (v.) 想像，设想；料想，认为
拓展词组：
imagine (sb.) doing sth. (想象(某人)做某事)
imagine＋从句 (想象……)
imagine sb./sth. as/to be (把某人/物想象成……；认为某人/物是……)
易错点拨： imagine 后接动词-ing形式，不接不定式作宾语。
例句：
I can't imagine living without electricity. (我无法想象没有电的生活。)
Imagine yourself lying on a beach in the sun. (想象一下你躺在阳光下的沙滩上。)
串记例句：
A good writer needs to be imaginative in writing. So sometimes what a writer has in mind is beyond imagination. Although the main characters in the novel are so true to life, they are imaginary. (一个好的作家需要有想象力的写作。因此，有时一个作家的想法是无法想象的。虽然小说中的主要人物栩栩如生，但他们是虚构的。)
Just imagine winning the lottery! What would you do with the money (想象一下中彩票！你会怎么处理这笔钱？)
335. impress (v.) 给…深刻留下印象；使钦佩
拓展词组：
impress sb. with sth. (某事给某人留下印象)
impress sth. on/upon sb./one's memory (使某人铭记某事)
be impressed with/at/by ... (对……有深刻印象)
易错点拨： impress 后接介词 with 或 on/upon，不直接跟宾语。
例句：
She impressed me with her intelligence and her sense of humor. (她的智慧和幽默感给我留下了深刻的印象。)
The teacher impressed upon the students the importance of studying hard. (老师向学生强调了努力学习的重要性。)
串记例句：
Readers were very impressed by the impressive story. (读者对这个感人的故事印象深刻。)
The young pianist's performance impressed the audience with its technical brilliance and emotional depth. (这位年轻钢琴家的演奏以其精湛的技术和情感深度给观众留下了深刻的印象。)
336. include (v.) 包含/括；把…列入
拓展词组：
including (prep. 包括…在内)
inclusion (n. 包含; 内含物)
inclusive (a．包括……在内的，包含的)
辨析： include 和 contain 的区别：include 指包含，侧重列举部分内容；contain 指包含，侧重整体包含。
例句：
The price includes breakfast and dinner. (价格包括早餐和晚餐。)
The book includes chapters on history, geography, and culture. (这本书包括关于历史、地理和文化的章节。)
串记例句：
You should include fruits and vegetables in your diet. Also, you’d better take part in sports, running included. (你应该在你的饮食里包括水果和蔬菜。此外，你最好参加运动，包括跑步。)
The box contains all the necessary equipment for the experiment. (箱子里包含了实验所需的所有设备。)
337. increase (v./n.) 增加/长
拓展词组：
increase in (在…方面增长)
increase with (随…增长)
increase/decrease by (增长/减少了……)
increase/decrease to (增加/减少到……)
on the increase /decrease/decline (正在增加/减少/衰退之中,不断增加/减少/衰退)
易错点拨： increase 的过去式和过去分词都是 increased。
例句：
The population of the city has increased significantly in recent years. (近年来，这个城市的人口显著增加。)
The demand for oil is increasing with the growth of the economy. (随着经济的增长，对石油的需求也在增加。)
串记例句：
The rate of inflation increased by 10%. However, prices have been rising and unemployment has been rising. So, crime is on the increase. (通货膨胀率增长了10%，然而物价和失业率也在增长，因此，犯罪活动日益猖獗。)
The company's profits have increased steadily over the past five years. (该公司在过去五年中利润稳步增长。)
338. indicate (v.) 指示/出；表明，显示；暗示，示意
拓展词组：
indicate by (用…指示)
indicate with one's eyes (用目光示意)
易错点拨： indicate 后常接 that 从句，表示“表明……”。
例句：
The arrows on the map indicate the direction to the beach. (地图上的箭头指示去海滩的方向。)
Her smile indicated that she was pleased with the news. (她的微笑表明她对这个消息感到高兴。)
串记例句：
There are clear indications that the economy is improving. At the same time, the economic indicators are better than expected. (有明显的迹象显示经济已开始好转，同时，经济指标比预期的好。)
The doctor's tests indicated that the patient was suffering from a rare disease. (医生的检查表明病人患有一种罕见的疾病。)
339. influence (n./v.) 影响；有影响的人/物
拓展词组：
influence sb. to do sth. (影响某人去做某事)
have an influence on/upon ... (对……有影响)
under the influence of ... (在……的影响下)
易错点拨： influence 作动词时，后接不定式，不接动名词。
例句：
Parents have a strong influence on their children's development. (父母对孩子的成长有很大的影响。)
He was under the influence of alcohol when he committed the crime. (他犯罪时处于醉酒状态。)
串记例句：
Nike is one of the most influential brands all over the world. It has a far-reaching influence on our life. (耐克是世界上最具影响力的品牌之一。它对我们的生活有深远的影响。)
The teacher's enthusiasm for science influenced many of her students to pursue careers in STEM fields. (老师对科学的热情影响了许多学生从事 STEM 领域的工作。)
340. inform (v.) 告诉；通知
拓展词组：
inform sb. of/about sth. (通知某人某事)
inform sb. that... (通知某人……)
易错点拨： inform 后不接双宾语，也不用于 inform sth. to sb. 。要表示“告诉某人某事”，通常用 inform sb. of/about sth.。
例句：
Please inform me of any changes to the schedule. (如有任何日程变更，请告知我。)
I regret to inform you that your application has been unsuccessful. (很遗憾地通知您，您的申请未获成功。)
串记例句：
Good information is essential if people are to make informed choices about services. (如果人们要就服务做出明智的选择，良好的信息至关重要。)
The police informed the public about the missing child. (警方通知公众有关失踪儿童的信息。)
341. information (n.) 信息，资料；知识；情报
拓展词组：
a piece of information (一条信息)
information technology (IT) (信息技术)
information age (信息时代)
易错点拨： information 是不可数名词，不能用 a/an 修饰。
例句：
We need more information about the project before we can make a decision. (我们需要更多关于这个项目的信息才能做出决定。)
The internet is a valuable source of information. (互联网是信息的重要来源。)
串记例句：
The library is a treasure trove of information. (图书馆是信息的宝库。)
The company is collecting information about its customers' preferences. (公司正在收集有关客户偏好的信息。)
342. injure (v.) (在事故中)使受伤，弄伤
拓展词组：
be injured in (在……中受伤)
suffer injuries (遭受伤害)
辨析： injure/hurt/wound 的区别：injure 指(在事故中)使受伤，弄伤；hurt 泛指弄伤，伤害，包括肉体和感情；疼痛；wound (用刀、枪等武器)伤害。
例句：
Several people were injured in the car accident. (有几个人在车祸中受伤。)
The athlete injured his ankle during the game. (运动员在比赛中扭伤了脚踝。)
串记例句：
The injured players were taken to the hospital. (受伤的球员被送往医院。)
The earthquake caused widespread damage and injured many people. (地震造成了 widespread 损失并伤及许多人。)
333. instead (adv.) 代替，而不是
拓展词组：
instead of (代替，而不是)
易错点拨： instead of 是介词短语，后接名词、代词或动名词。
例句：
We went to the park instead of going to the cinema. (我们去了公园而不是电影院。)
He decided to walk instead of taking the bus. (他决定步行而不是坐公共汽车。)
串记例句：
She chose to study abroad instead of staying at home. (她选择出国留学而不是呆在家里。)
Why don't you try calling him instead of sending an email (你为什么不试着给他打电话而不是发邮件？)
334. instrument (n.) 仪器，工具；乐器
拓展词组：
musical instrument (乐器)
scientific instrument (科学仪器)
易错点拨： instrument 可以指具体的工具或仪器，也可以指抽象的工具或手段。
例句：
The surgeon used a delicate instrument to perform the operation. (外科医生使用精密的仪器进行手术。)
Education is an important instrument for social change. (教育是社会变革的重要工具。)
串记例句：
The orchestra played a variety of instruments, including violins, trumpets, and drums. (管弦乐队演奏了各种乐器，包括小提琴、小号和鼓。)
The scientist used a complex instrument to measure the air quality. (科学家使用复杂的仪器来测量空气质量。)
335. intelligence (n.) 智力，聪明；情报
拓展词组：
artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能)
intelligence agency (情报机构)
易错点拨： intelligence 是不可数名词。
例句：
She has a high level of intelligence. (她智力很高。)
The government is gathering intelligence on the enemy's movements. (政府正在收集有关敌人动向的情报。)
串记例句：
Artificial intelligence is rapidly changing the way we live and work. (人工智能正在迅速改变我们的生活和工作方式。)
The spy used his intelligence to gather information about the enemy's plans. (间谍利用他的智慧收集有关敌人计划的信息。)
346. intend (v.) 打算，想要
拓展词组：
intend to do sth. (打算做某事)
have no intention of doing sth. (无意做某事)
易错点拨： intend 后接动词不定式，不接动名词。
例句：
I intend to travel around the world after I graduate. (我打算毕业后环游世界。)
She didn't intend to hurt your feelings. (她无意伤害你的感情。)
串记例句：
He intends to apply for a job at that company. (他打算申请那家公司的工作。)
Do you intend to stay here for long (你打算在这里呆多久？)
347. interest (n./v.) 兴趣，爱好；利益；利息；使感兴趣
拓展词组：
be interested in (对……感兴趣)
take an interest in (对……产生兴趣)
lose interest in (对……失去兴趣)
易错点拨： interest 作名词时是不可数名词，作动词时是及物动词。
例句：
She has a keen interest in music. (她对音乐很感兴趣。)
The high interest rates are discouraging people from borrowing money. (高利率抑制了人们的借贷意愿。)
串记例句：
He lost interest in the game after a while. (过了一会儿，他对游戏失去了兴趣。)
The teacher tried to make the lessons more interesting for the students. (老师试图让课程对学生更有趣。)
348. interfere (v.) 干涉，干预；妨碍
拓展词组：
interfere in (干涉，干预)
interfere with (妨碍)
易错点拨： interfere with 的意思是“妨碍，干扰”，不要误用成“干涉，干预”。
例句：
I don't want to interfere in your personal life. (我不想干涉你的私生活。)
The noise from the street interfered with my sleep. (街上的噪音干扰了我的睡眠。)
串记例句：
Please don't interfere while I'm working. (我工作的时候请不要打扰。)
Bad weather interfered with the flight schedule. (恶劣天气干扰了航班时刻表。)
349. international (adj.) 国际的，世界范围的
拓展词组：
international relations (国际关系)
international trade (国际贸易)
易错点拨： international 的反义词是 national (国家的) 或 domestic (国内的)。
例句：
The United Nations is an international organization. (联合国是一个国际组织。)
English is an international language. (英语是国际语言。)
串记例句：
The company has offices in several international cities. (该公司在几个国际城市设有办事处。)
The athlete competed in international competitions. (这位运动员参加了国际比赛。)
350. interpret (v.) 解释，翻译；理解
拓展词组：
interpret sth. as (把……解释为……)
misinterpret (误解)
易错点拨： interpret 的宾语可以是语言、行为、符号等。
例句：
Can you interpret this sentence for me (你能帮我翻译这句话吗？)
He interpreted her silence as a sign of agreement. (他把她的沉默理解为同意的标志。)
串记例句：
It is important to interpret the data carefully before drawing any conclusions. (在得出任何结论之前，仔细解释数据很重要。)
The lawyer interpreted the contract for his client. (律师为他的客户解释了合同。)
351. interrupt (v.) 打断，中止
拓展词组：
interrupt sb. (打断某人)
interrupt sth. (中止某事)
易错点拨： interrupt 后可以直接接宾语，也可以接介词 in 或 with。
例句：
I'm sorry to interrupt, but I have a question. (对不起打断一下，我有个问题。)
The storm interrupted the power supply. (风暴中断了电源。)
串记例句：
Please don't interrupt me while I'm talking. (我说话的时候请不要打断我。)
The phone call interrupted their conversation. (电话打断了他们的谈话。)
352. interview (n./v.) 面试；采访
拓展词组：
job interview (工作面试)
interview sb. (面试/采访某人)
易错点拨： interview 作名词时是可数名词，作动词时是及物动词。
例句：
She has a job interview tomorrow. (她明天要参加工作面试。)
The reporter interviewed the president. (记者采访了总统。)
串记例句：
He was nervous before the interview, but he did well. (面试前他很紧张，但表现得很好。)
The interviewer asked her a lot of difficult questions. (面试官问了她很多难题。)
353. introduce (v.) 介绍；引进；提出
拓展词组：
introduce sb. to sb. (把某人介绍给某人)
introduce sth. (引进/提出某事)
易错点拨： introduce sb. to sb. 中间用介词 to，不要用 into。
例句：
Let me introduce you to my friend, John. (让我把你介绍给我的朋友约翰。)
The company introduced a new product to the market. (公司向市场推出了一款新产品。)
串记例句：
The teacher introduced the new student to the class. (老师把新学生介绍给全班同学。)
The government introduced a new policy to reduce pollution. (政府出台了一项减少污染的新政策。)
354. invent (v.) 发明，创造
拓展词组：
invent sth. (发明某物)
inventor (n. 发明家)
易错点拨： invent 的意思是“发明，创造出以前不存在的东西”，不要与 discover (发现) 混淆。
例句：
Thomas Edison invented the light bulb. (托马斯·爱迪生发明了电灯泡。)
Scientists are constantly inventing new technologies. (科学家们不断发明新技术。)
串记例句：
The invention of the printing press revolutionized the way information was disseminated. (印刷术的发明彻底改变了信息的传播方式。)
She hopes to invent a cure for cancer. (她希望发明一种治疗癌症的方法。)
355. involve (v.) 包含，牵涉；使参与
拓展词组：
be involved in (参与，卷入)
involve sb. in sth. (使某人参与某事)
易错点拨： involve 后接介词 in。
例句：
The project involves a lot of hard work. (这个项目需要很多努力。)
He was involved in a car accident. (他卷入了一场车祸。)
串记例句：
I don't want to get involved in their argument. (我不想卷入他们的争吵。)
The police are trying to involve the public in the search for the missing child. (警方正试图让公众参与寻找失踪儿童。)高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part sixteen (词根词缀排序)
**词根：**grad, gress (行走，前进)
单词：
graduate (v.) 大学毕业；获得（学士）学位；(vt.) 向（毕业生）授予学位；(n.) 毕业生
拓展词组：
graduate from/at 从……毕业
graduate in 毕业于……专业
graduation (n.) 毕业
on graduation 一毕业
例句：
He graduated in physics from/at Cambridge University. (他毕业于剑桥大学物理专业。)
On graduation from college，she got a good job. (她大学一毕业就找到了一份好工作。)
progress (n.) 进步，进展；发展；(v.) 前进，进步
拓展词组：
in progress 在进行中
make progress 取得进步
例句：
We are pleased with the progress he has made. (我们对他取得的进步感到高兴。)
The building work is still in progress. (建筑工程仍在进行中。)
辨析：
progress / development: progress 强调前进或发展的过程，development 强调发展的程度或结果。
aggressive (adj.) 有侵略性的；好斗的；积极进取的
拓展词组：
aggressive behavior 侵略性行为
例句：
He has a rather aggressive personality. (他个性相当好斗。)
The company is pursuing an aggressive expansion strategy. (该公司正在采取积极的扩张战略。)
辨析：
aggressive / assertive: aggressive 指具有攻击性或敌意的行为，assertive 指自信而坚定地表达自己的观点。
串记例句：
After years of hard work, he finally graduated with honors and his academic progress was impressive. (经过多年的努力，他终于以优异的成绩毕业，他的学业进步令人印象深刻。)
She is known for her aggressive negotiation tactics but her assertive attitude helped her succeed in a male-dominated industry. (她以咄咄逼人的谈判策略而闻名，但她自信的态度帮助她在男性主导的行业中取得了成功。)
**词根：**habit, habit (居住，拥有)
单词：
habit (n.) 习惯，习性
拓展词组：
be in the habit of 有…的习惯
get out of/break/kick the habit of 改掉…的习惯
fall into/get into/develop/form the habit of 养成…的习惯
out of habit 出于习惯
例句：
Some grown-ups are in the habit of lying to my friends. (有些成年人对朋友撒谎的习惯。)
I stay up late out of habit, but I'm trying to break the habit. (我熬夜是出于习惯，但是我正试图改掉这个习惯。)
辨析：
habit / custom: habit 指个人反复做某事形成的习惯，通常指不好的习惯；custom 指群体经过一段时间不断沿用而成的习惯或惯例，常指良好的习惯。
habitat (n.) 住房；栖息地
例句：
The destruction of their natural habitat is threatening the survival of many species. (自然栖息地的破坏正威胁着许多物种的生存。)
The panda's habitat is in the bamboo forests of China. (熊猫的栖息地在中国竹林中。)
串记例句：
Many animals are losing their habitat due to human activities, and it's important to change our habits to protect the environment. (由于人类活动，许多动物正在失去它们的栖息地，改变我们的习惯来保护环境非常重要。)
The indigenous people have lived in this habitat for centuries, and their customs and traditions are closely tied to the land. (土著居民世世代代生活在这个栖息地，他们的习俗和传统与这片土地息息相关。)
**词根：**ceive, cept, capt (拿，取)
单词：
receive (v.) 接收，收到；接待，欢迎
拓展词组：
receive sth. from sb. 从某人那里收到某物
例句：
I received a letter from my friend yesterday. (我昨天收到朋友的一封信。)
She received the guests with warmth and hospitality. (她热情好客地接待了客人。)
accept (v.) 接受，同意；承认
拓展词组：
accept sth. 接受某物
accept that... 承认...
例句：
I accepted her apology. (我接受了她的道歉。)
We must accept that change is inevitable. (我们必须接受改变是不可避免的。)
辨析：
accept / receive: accept 指同意或承认某事，receive 指收到某物。
except (prep.) 除…之外；(conj.) 除非；除了
例句：
Everyone was there except Tom. (除了汤姆，每个人都在那里。)
I won't go except she comes with me. (除非她和我一起去，否则我不会去。)
exception (n.) 例外，除外
拓展词组：
with the exception of 除了…之外
例句：
With the exception of Mary, all the students passed the exam. (除了玛丽，所有学生都通过了考试。)
串记例句：
I received an invitation to the party, but I haven't decided whether to accept it yet. (我收到了聚会的邀请，但我还没有决定是否接受。)
All the students except John were present, and he was the exception to the rule. (除了约翰，所有学生都出席了，他是这个规则的例外。)
**词根：**cern, cert, creet (区分，决定)
单词：
concern (v.) 涉及，关系到；使担忧；(n.) 关心，担忧；
拓展词组：
be concerned about 担心…
as far as ... be concerned 就…而言
例句：
I am concerned about his health. (我担心他的健康。)
As far as I am concerned, you can do whatever you like. (就我而言，你可以做任何你想做的事。)
certain (adj.) 确信的； 一定的；某/些
拓展词组：
be certain of/about 确信…
for certain 肯定地
例句：
Are you certain about that (你确定吗？)
I know for certain that he will come. (我肯定他会来。)
discern (v.) 辨别，认出
例句：
It was difficult to discern the truth. (很难辨别真相。)
串记例句：
The pollution problem is a major concern for everyone, and we must take action to protect the environment. (污染问题是每个人都非常关心的问题，我们必须采取行动保护环境。)
I am certain that with hard work and determination, we can overcome any challenge. (我相信，只要努力和决心，我们就能克服任何挑战。)
It was hard to discern the path in the darkness. (在黑暗中很难辨认出路径。)
**词根：**claim, clam (喊叫)
单词：
claim (v.) 声称；要求；索赔；(n.) 声称；要求；索赔
拓展词组：
claim that... 声称...
lay claim to 宣称拥有…
例句：
He claimed that he had seen a UFO. (他声称自己见过不明飞行物。)
Several countries have laid claim to the islands. (有几个国家声称拥有这些岛屿。)
exclaim (v.) 呼喊，惊叫
例句：
"Look out!" she exclaimed. (“小心！”她惊叫道。)
proclaim (v.) 宣布，宣告；表明
例句：
The king proclaimed a national holiday. (国王宣布全国放假。)
串记例句：
She exclaimed in surprise when she saw the gift, and then claimed that it was the best present she had ever received. (她看到礼物时惊讶地叫了起来，然后声称这是她收到的最好的礼物。)
The government proclaimed a state of emergency and laid claim to all available resources. (政府宣布进入紧急状态，并宣称拥有所有可用资源。)
**词根：**clude, clus (关闭)
单词：
include (v.) 包括，包含
拓展词组：
include sth. in... 将某物包含在…中
例句：
The price includes breakfast. (价格包括早餐。)
exclude (v.) 排除，不包括
例句：
The club excludes anyone under 18. (俱乐部不接受 18 岁以下的任何人。)
conclude (v.) 结束，终止；得出结论
拓展词组：
conclude that... 得出结论认为…
例句：
The meeting concluded at 5 pm. (会议于下午 5 点结束。)
Scientists have concluded that climate change is a real threat. (科学家们得出结论认为气候变化是一个真正的威胁。)
conclusion (n.) 结论，结束
拓展词组：
come to/reach a conclusion 得出结论
例句：
In conclusion, I would like to thank everyone for their support. (最后，我要感谢大家的支持。)
串记例句：
The report included data from several sources, but it excluded any information that was not relevant to the study. (报告包括来自多个来源的数据，但不包括与研究无关的任何信息。)
After careful consideration, the jury concluded that the defendant was guilty. (经过仔细考虑，陪审团得出结论认为被告有罪。)
**词根：**cur, curs, cour, course (跑)
单词：
occur (v.) 发生，出现
例句：
An accident occurred on the highway. (高速公路上发生了一起事故。)
辨析：
occur / happen / take place: occur 是正式用词，表示具体或抽象事物的发生；happen 通常指具体事物的发生，常带有意外和偶然性；take place 往往强调所发生的事物是事前已有安排。
course (n.) 课程；过程；路线；一道菜
拓展词组：
in the course of 在…过程中
of course 当然
例句：
I am taking a course in English literature. (我正在学习一门英国文学课程。)
In the course of the investigation, police uncovered new evidence. (在调查过程中，警方发现了新的证据。)
concur (v.) 同意，赞同
例句：
I concur with your opinion. (我同意你的观点。)
串记例句：
A strange incident occurred during the journey, and in the course of the investigation, we discovered a secret passage. (旅途中发生了一件奇怪的事件，在调查过程中，我们发现了一条密道。)
I concur with your assessment of the situation, and we must take immediate action. (我同意你对形势的评估，我们必须立即采取行动。)
**词根：**dict (说)
单词：
dictate (v.) 口述；命令，支配；决定
拓展词组：
dictate to sb. 向某人发号施令
例句：
The teacher dictated the notes to the students. (老师向学生口述笔记。)
Market forces dictate prices. (市场力量决定价格。)
predict (v.) 预言，预测
拓展词组：
predict that... 预测…
例句：
It is difficult to predict the future. (很难预测未来。)
contradict (v.) 反驳，否定；与…矛盾
例句：
The witness's statement contradicted the evidence. (证人的陈述与证据相矛盾。)
串记例句：
The dictator dictated his orders to his subordinates, and anyone who dared to contradict him was severely punished. (独裁者向他的下属发号施令，任何胆敢反驳他的人都会受到严厉的惩罚。)
Experts predict that the economy will continue to grow in the coming year. (专家预测，经济将在明年继续增长。)
**词根：**fer (带来，带)
单词：
offer (v.) 提供，给予；(n.) 提议，出价
拓展词组：
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物
例句：
He offered me a job. (他给了我一份工作。)
I offered to help her with the housework. (我主动提出帮她做家务。)
transfer (v.) 转移，转让；调动；(n.) 转移，转让；调动
拓展词组：
transfer to 转到…
transfer sth. to sb. 将某物转移给某人
例句：
He transferred to another school. (他转到了另一所学校。)
She transferred the money to my bank account. (她把钱转到了我的银行账户。)
confer (v.) 授予；商讨，交换意见
拓展词组：
confer with sb. 与某人商议
例句：
The university conferred an honorary degree on him. (大学授予他荣誉学位。)
I need to confer with my colleagues before making a decision. (我需要在做决定之前与同事们商量。)
串记例句：
The company offered him a promotion and a transfer to their headquarters in New York. (公司给他升职，并调他到纽约总部。)
The leaders of the two countries conferred on a range of issues, including trade and security. (两国领导人就包括贸易和安全在内的一系列问题交换了意见。)
**词根：**firm (坚定)
单词：
firm (adj.) 坚定的，坚固的；(n.) 公司，商号
例句：
He has a firm belief in his own abilities. (他坚信自己的能力。)
She works for a law firm. (她在一家律师事务所工作。)
confirm (v.) 证实，确认
拓展词组：
confirm that... 证实…
例句：
Please confirm your attendance by email. (请通过电子邮件确认您的出席。)
affirm (v.) 断言，肯定；确认
例句：
He affirmed his innocence. (他坚称自己无罪。)
串记例句：
The company issued a statement to confirm the news and affirm their commitment to their customers. (公司发表声明，确认了这一消息，并重申了他们对客户的承诺。)
Despite facing numerous challenges, she remained firm in her resolve to succeed. (尽管面临众多挑战，但她仍然坚定地决心要成功。)
**词根：**flect, flex (弯曲)
单词：
reflect (v.) 反射；反映；沉思
拓展词组：
reflect on/upon 思考，反省
例句：
The water reflected the image of the trees. (水面映照出树木的倒影。)
She reflected on her past mistakes. (她反思了过去的错误。)
flexible (adj.) 灵活的；柔韧的
例句：
We need to be flexible in our approach. (我们需要灵活地处理问题。)
inflection (n.) 语调变化；词形变化
例句：
The inflection in her voice conveyed her sadness. (她声音中的语调变化表达了她的悲伤。)
串记例句：
The dancer's body was incredibly flexible, allowing her to perform a wide range of movements. (舞者的身体非常灵活，可以做出各种各样的动作。)
It's important to reflect on our experiences and learn from our mistakes. (反思我们的经历并从错误中吸取教训很重要。)
**词根：**fuse (流，倾泻)
单词：
confuse (v.) 使困惑，使混乱
拓展词组：
be confused about 对…感到困惑
例句：
The instructions were confusing. (说明书令人困惑。)
refuse (v.) 拒绝
拓展词组：
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
例句：
She refused to answer my questions. (她拒绝回答我的问题。)
infuse (v.) 注入，灌输；充满
例句：
He infused new life into the company. (他给公司注入了新的活力。)
串记例句：
The complex plot of the movie confused many viewers, and some even refused to watch it again. (这部电影复杂的情节让许多观众感到困惑，有些人甚至拒绝再看一遍。)
The artist's work was infused with a sense of joy and wonder. (艺术家的作品充满了喜悦和惊奇的感觉。)
**词根：**graph, gram (写，画)
单词：
paragraph (n.) 段落
例句：
The essay is divided into five paragraphs. (这篇文章分为五个段落。)
photograph (n.) 照片；(v.) 拍照
例句：
I took a photograph of the sunset. (我拍了一张日落的照片。)
autograph (n.) 亲笔签名；(v.) 亲笔签名
例句：
I got the author's autograph. (我得到了作者的亲笔签名。)
串记例句：
The article included several photographs and was divided into clear paragraphs. (文章中包含几张照片，并分为清晰的段落。)
He asked the celebrity for an autograph. (他向这位名人索要签名。)
**词根：**ject (扔)
单词：
object (v.) 反对；(n.) 物体；目标
拓展词组：
object to 反对…
例句：
I object to your plan. (我反对你的计划。)
There was a strange object in the sky. (天空中有一个奇怪的物体。)
project (n.) 项目，计划；(v.) 投射；计划
拓展词组：
work on a project 参与一个项目
例句：
We are working on a new project. (我们正在进行一个新项目。)
The image was projected onto a screen. (图像被投射到屏幕上。)
inject (v.) 注射；注入
例句：
The doctor injected him with a painkiller. (医生给他注射了止痛药。)
串记例句：
She objected to being treated unfairly and decided to start her own project to address the issue. (她反对受到不公平的待遇，并决定启动自己的项目来解决这个问题。)
The scientist injected the mice with the experimental drug. (科学家给老鼠注射了实验药物。)
**词根：**join, junct (连接)
单词：
join (v.) 加入，参加；连接，结合
拓展词组：
join in 加入，参加
join sb. in doing sth. 和某人一起做某事
例句：
Would you like to join us for dinner (你想和我们一起吃晚饭吗？)
She joined the army after she left school. (她毕业后参军了。)
joint (adj.) 共同的；连接的；(n.) 关节；接合处
拓展词组：
joint effort 共同努力
例句：
We made a joint decision. (我们做出了共同的决定。)
He injured his knee joint. (他伤到了膝盖关节。)
conjunction (n.) 连接词；结合，连接
例句：
"And" and "but" are conjunctions. (“和”和“但是”是连词。)
串记例句：
The two companies joined forces to develop a new product, and their joint effort was a success. (两家公司联手开发新产品，他们的共同努力取得了成功。)
She felt a sharp pain in her ankle joint. (她感到脚踝关节一阵剧痛。)
**词根：**leg, lig, lect (选择，收集)
单词：
elect (v.) 选举，推选
例句：
He was elected president. (他当选总统。)
select (v.) 选择，挑选
拓展词组：
select sth. from... 从…中选择某物
例句：
Please select a password for your account. (请为您的帐户选择一个密码。)
neglect (v.) 忽视，疏忽
例句：
He neglected his duties. (他玩忽职守。)
collect (v.) 收集，搜集；聚集
拓展词组：
collect sth. from... 从…收集某物
例句：
She collects stamps. (她收集邮票。)
A crowd collected outside the building. (人群聚集在大楼外。)
串记例句：
The committee will select the best candidate from a pool of applicants. (委员会将从申请者中选出最合适的候选人。)
He neglected to lock the door and his belongings were stolen. (他忘了锁门，他的东西被偷了。)
**词根：**liber (自由)
单词：
liberty (n.) 自由，自主
拓展词组：
at liberty 自由的
例句：
Freedom of speech is a fundamental liberty. (言论自由是一项基本自由。)
liberal (adj.) 自由的；慷慨的；(n.) 自由主义者
例句：
He has liberal views on education. (他对教育持自由主义观点。)
deliberate (adj.) 故意的，蓄意的；(v.) 仔细考虑
例句：
It was a deliberate attempt to deceive him. (这是一次蓄意欺骗他的行为。)
We need to deliberate carefully before making a decision. (我们需要在做出决定之前仔细考虑。)
串记例句：
The country fought for its liberty and eventually achieved independence. (这个国家为自由而战，最终获得了独立。)
She made a deliberate effort to improve her language skills. (她努力提高自己的语言能力。)
**词根：**log, logue (说话，词语)
单词：
dialogue (n.) 对话
例句：
The play is full of witty dialogue. (这出戏充满了机智的对话。)
apologize (v.) 道歉
拓展词组：
apologize to sb. for sth. 向某人道歉
例句：
I apologize for being late. (我为迟到道歉。)
analogy (n.) 类比，比喻
例句：
He drew an analogy between the human brain and a computer. (他将人脑比作一台计算机。)
串记例句：
The two leaders engaged in a dialogue about peace and cooperation. (两位领导人就和平与合作进行了对话。)
He apologized for the misunderstanding and explained the situation using an analogy. (他对误解表示歉意，并用一个比喻来解释情况。)
**词根：**manu (手)
单词：
manufacture (v.) 制造，生产；(n.) 制造，生产
拓展词组：
manufacture sth. 制造某物
例句：
The company manufactures cars. (这家公司生产汽车。)
manuscript (n.) 手稿
例句：
The author submitted the manuscript to the publisher. (作者将手稿提交给了出版商。)
manual (adj.) 手动的；(n.) 手册
例句：
This car has a manual transmission. (这辆车是手动挡的。)
Please refer to the instruction manual for more information. (请参阅说明手册以获取更多信息。)
串记例句：
The factory manufactures a wide range of products, from toys to electronics. (这家工厂生产各种各样的产品，从玩具到电子产品。)
The author spent years writing the manuscript, and it was finally published to critical acclaim. (作者花了数年时间写这部手稿，最终出版并获得了评论界的好评。)
**词根：**merge, mers (浸入，沉入)
单词：
emerge (v.) 浮现，出现；摆脱
例句：
New evidence has emerged. (新的证据出现了。)
He emerged from the shadows. (他从阴影中走了出来。)
immerse (v.) 沉浸， погружать
例句：
She immersed herself in her studies. (她沉浸在学习中。)
submerge (v.) 淹没， погружать
例句：
The submarine submerged beneath the waves. (潜艇潜入波浪之下。)
串记例句：
As the sun emerged from behind the clouds, the landscape was transformed. (当太阳从云层后面出来时，风景发生了变化。)
He was so immersed in his work that he forgot about the time. (他沉浸在工作中，以至于忘记了时间。)
**词根：**mit, miss (送，放)
单词：
permit (v.) 允许，许可；(n.) 许可证
拓展词组：
permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
例句：
Smoking is not permitted in this building. (这座建筑内禁止吸烟。)
submit (v.) 提交，呈递；屈服
拓展词组：
submit sth. to sb./sth. 将某物提交给某人/某事
例句：
Please submit your application by Friday. (请在周五之前提交您的申请。)
He submitted to his fate. (他屈服于命运。)
admit (v.) 承认；允许进入
拓展词组：
admit to doing sth. 承认做某事
例句：
He admitted his mistake. (他承认了自己的错误。)
She was admitted to the hospital. (她住进了医院。)
串记例句：
I submitted my application for the scholarship, but I don't know if they will permit me to study abroad. (我提交了奖学金申请，但我不知道他们是否会允许我出国留学。)
He finally admitted to stealing the money. (他最终承认偷了钱。)
**词根：**mov, mob, mot (移动)
单词：
move (v.) 移动，搬动；(n.) 移动，动作
拓展词组：
move to 搬到…
例句：
We moved to a new house last year. (我们去年搬到了一所新房子。)
His speech moved the audience to tears. (他的演讲感动了观众。)
mobile (adj.) 可移动的；流动的；(n.) 手机
例句：
She has a mobile phone. (她有一部手机。)
motion (n.) 运动；动作；提议
拓展词组：
set sth. in motion 使…开始运转
例句：
The Earth is in constant motion. (地球在不断运动。)
He made a motion to adjourn the meeting. (他提议休会。)
promote (v.) 促进，提升；宣传
例句：
The company is promoting a new product. (公司正在推广一种新产品。)
He was promoted to manager. (他被提升为经理。)
串记例句：
The company is promoting a new mobile app that helps users track their fitness goals. (公司正在推广一款新的手机应用程序，帮助用户跟踪他们的健身目标。)
We need to set our plan in motion as soon as possible. (我们需要尽快开始实施我们的计划。)
**词根：**tain, ten, tin (拿，握)
单词：
contain (v.) 包含，容纳
例句：
The box contains old books. (盒子里装着旧书。)
obtain (v.) 获得，得到
例句：
She obtained a degree in law. (她获得了法律学位。)
maintain (v.) 维持，保持；保养
拓展词组：
maintain that... 坚持认为…
例句：
It is important to maintain a healthy diet. (保持健康的饮食很重要。)
He maintained that he was innocent. (他坚称自己无罪。)
detain (v.) 拘留，扣留
例句：
The police detained the suspect for questioning. (警方拘留了嫌疑人进行讯问。)
串记例句：
The report contained important information that we needed to obtain. (报告包含我们需要获取的重要信息。)
It is essential to maintain good relationships with our neighbors. (与邻居保持良好关系至关重要。)
**词根：**tend, tens, tent (伸展，延伸)
单词：
extend (v.) 延伸，扩展；给予
拓展词组：
extend to 延伸到…
例句：
The garden extends to the river. (花园一直延伸到河边。)
I would like to extend my thanks to everyone who helped me. (我想向所有帮助过我的人表示感谢。)
intend (v.) 打算，想要
拓展词组：
intend to do sth. 打算做某事
例句：
I intend to go to college next year. (我打算明年上大学。)
attention (n.) 注意，注意力
拓展词组：
pay attention to 注意…
例句：
Please pay attention to the instructions. (请注意说明。)
intense (adj.) 强烈的，紧张的
例句：
She felt an intense pain in her stomach. (她感到胃部剧烈疼痛。)
串记例句：
The company intends to extend its business to overseas markets. (公司打算将业务扩展到海外市场。)
The students paid close attention to the teacher's lecture. (学生们认真听老师讲课。)高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part twenty (词根词缀排序)
词根 -ceive/-cept (接受)
1. conceive (v.) 构思，设想；怀孕
拓展词组：
conceive of 想象，设想
易错点拨： 注意与 imagine 的区别，conceive 更强调形成概念或想法的过程。
例句：
It is difficult to conceive of a world without electricity. (很难想象一个没有电的世界。)
She conceived a child through artificial insemination. (她通过人工授精怀上了孩子。)
辨析：
imagine 想象，设想 (更泛指)
conceive 构思，设想 (强调形成概念)
串记：
He conceived a brilliant plan to solve the problem, which no one else could even imagine. (他想出了一个解决问题的绝妙方案，这是其他人甚至无法想象的。)
The scientist conceived the theory of relativity after years of research and observation. (这位科学家经过多年的研究和观察，提出了相对论。)
2. deceive (v.) 欺骗，蒙蔽
拓展词组：
deceive sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事
易错点拨： 注意 deceive 强调故意误导，而 mislead 则可以是无意的。
例句：
The magician deceived the audience with his clever tricks. (魔术师用他巧妙的戏法欺骗了观众。)
He deceived her into believing he was a millionaire. (他骗她相信他是个百万富翁。)
辨析：
mislead 误导，引入歧途 (可以是无意的)
cheat 欺骗，作弊 (通常指在游戏中或考试中)
串记：
The con man deceived many people with his elaborate scheme, misleading them into investing their life savings. (这个骗子用他精心设计的骗局欺骗了许多人，误导他们投资毕生积蓄。)
The false advertising deceived consumers into believing the product was more effective than it actually was. (虚假广告欺骗消费者，让他们相信该产品比实际效果更好。)
3. perceive (v.) 觉察，感知
拓展词组：
perceive sth. as... 把...理解为...
易错点拨： perceive 指通过感官或心灵感知，而 notice 指注意到。
例句：
We perceive the world through our senses. (我们通过感官感知世界。)
She perceived his silence as a sign of disapproval. (她把他沉默理解为不赞成的迹象。)
辨析：
notice 注意到 (更普通)
observe 观察，注意到 (更仔细)
串记：
Although he tried to hide his fear, she perceived it in his trembling hands. (尽管他试图掩饰自己的恐惧，但她还是从他颤抖的双手察觉到了。)
The artist's ability to perceive subtle changes in light and shadow was evident in his paintings. (这位艺术家感知光影细微变化的能力在他的画作中显而易见。)
4. receive (v.) 接收，收到
拓展词组：
receive a letter/gift 收到信/礼物
易错点拨： receive 指被动地接受，而 accept 指主动地接受。
例句：
I received your email yesterday. (我昨天收到了你的电子邮件。)
She received a warm welcome from her family. (她受到了家人热烈的欢迎。)
辨析：
accept 接受 (主动)
obtain 获得，得到 (通过努力)
串记：
He was delighted to receive the award for his outstanding contribution to the field. (他很高兴能因其对该领域的杰出贡献而获奖。)
The company received numerous complaints about the faulty product. (该公司收到了许多关于该产品的投诉。)
词根 -clude/-clus (关闭)
1. conclude (v.) 结束，得出结论
拓展词组：
conclude that... 得出...的结论
in conclusion 总之，最后
易错点拨： 注意与 finish 的区别，conclude 指通过推理或思考得出结论，而 finish 则指完成某项任务或活动。
例句：
The police concluded that the fire was started deliberately. (警方得出结论，火灾是故意纵火。)
In conclusion, I would like to thank everyone for their support. (总之，我要感谢大家的支持。)
辨析：
finish 完成，结束 (更普通)
end 结束，终止 (更强调结果)
串记：
After reviewing all the evidence, the jury concluded that the defendant was guilty. (在审查了所有证据后，陪审团得出结论，被告有罪。)
The scientists concluded their experiment with a groundbreaking discovery. (科学家们以一项突破性的发现结束了他们的实验。)
2. exclude (v.) 排除，不包括
拓展词组：
exclude sb./sth. from... 把...排除在外
易错点拨： 注意 exclude 强调故意排除，而 except 则表示例外情况。
例句：
The club excludes anyone under the age of 18. (该俱乐部禁止 18 岁以下的人进入。)
All students are welcome to participate, except those who have not paid their fees. (欢迎所有学生参加，但未缴费的学生除外。)
辨析：
except 除...之外 (表示例外)
eliminate 消除，排除 (更强调彻底清除)
串记：
The list of invitees excludes anyone who has caused trouble in the past. (邀请名单中排除了所有过去惹过麻烦的人。)
The school's dress code excludes clothing with offensive slogans. (学校的着装规范禁止带有冒犯性标语的服装。)
3. include (v.) 包括，包含
拓展词组：
include sth. in... 把...包括在...内
易错点拨： include 指包含在内，而 contain 指容纳在内。
例句：
The price includes breakfast and dinner. (价格包含早餐和晚餐。)
The book includes a chapter on the history of the city. (这本书包含一章关于城市历史的内容。)
辨析：
contain 包含，容纳 (更强调空间关系)
comprise 由...组成，构成 (更强调整体与部分的关系)
串记：
The tour package includes flights, accommodation, and sightseeing tours. (旅游套餐包括机票、住宿和观光旅游。)
The committee includes representatives from all departments of the company. (委员会包括来自公司所有部门的代表。)
4. seclude (v.) 使隔离，使隐居
拓展词组：
seclude oneself from the world 与世隔绝
易错点拨： seclude 强调与外界隔绝，而 isolate 则强调与他人或事物分开。
例句：
The monastery is secluded in a remote valley. (这座寺院隐居在一个偏僻的山谷中。)
She secluded herself in her room after the argument. (争吵后，她把自己关在房间里。)
辨析：
isolate 隔离，使孤立 (更强调与他人或事物分开)
separate 分开，隔离 (更普通)
串记：
He longed for a secluded life away from the noise and stress of the city. (他渴望过一种与世隔绝的生活，远离城市的喧嚣和压力。)
The writer secluded himself in a cabin in the woods to work on his novel. (作家把自己关在树林里的小屋里，专心创作他的小说。)
词根 -duce/-duct (引导)
1. conduct (v.) 引导，指挥；(n.) 行为，举止
拓展词组：
conduct an experiment/survey 进行实验/调查
conduct oneself well 举止得体
易错点拨： conduct 作为动词时强调引导或管理，作为名词时指行为举止。
例句：
The scientist conducted a series of experiments to test his hypothesis. (科学家进行了一系列实验来检验他的假设。)
His conduct at the party was disgraceful. (他在派对上的行为举止很不光彩。)
辨析：
lead 引导，带领 (更普通)
manage 管理，经营 (更强调控制)
串记：
The orchestra conductor led the musicians with precision and passion. (管弦乐队的指挥家以精准和激情带领着音乐家们。)
The company's code of conduct outlines the expected behavior of its employees. (公司的行为准则概述了对其员工的预期行为。)
2. deduce (v.) 推断，演绎出
拓展词组：
deduce sth. from... 从...推断出...
易错点拨： deduce 指通过推理得出结论，而 infer 指根据证据或迹象进行推断。
例句：
From the evidence, the detective deduced that the suspect was lying. (根据证据，侦探推断出嫌疑犯在撒谎。)
We can deduce from her accent that she is not from around here. (从她的口音我们可以推断出她不是本地人。)
辨析：
infer 推断，推论 (根据证据或迹象)
conclude 得出结论，断定 (更强调最终结果)
串记：
By observing the animal's tracks, the hunter deduced that it was a large predator. (通过观察动物的足迹，猎人推断出它是一只大型食肉动物。)
Scientists were able to deduce the age of the fossil from the surrounding rock layers. (科学家们能够从周围的岩层推断出化石的年龄。)
3. introduce (v.) 介绍，引进
拓展词组：
introduce sb. to sb. 把...介绍给...
introduce a new product/law 推出新产品/法律
易错点拨： introduce 指首次介绍或引进，而 present 指展示或介绍。
例句：
Allow me to introduce my colleague, Mr. Smith. (请允许我介绍我的同事史密斯先生。)
The company introduced a new line of smartphones last month. (该公司上个月推出了一系列新的智能手机。)
辨析：
present 展示，介绍 (更强调呈现)
acquaint 使认识，使了解 (更强调熟悉)
串记：
The teacher introduced the new student to the class. (老师把新学生介绍给全班同学。)
The invention of the printing press introduced a new era of mass communication. (印刷机的发明开创了大众传播的新时代。)
4. produce (v.) 生产，制造；(n.) 产品
拓展词组：
produce goods/services 生产商品/提供服务
agricultural produce 农产品
易错点拨： produce 作为动词指生产或制造，作为名词指产品或农产品。
例句：
The factory produces cars for the domestic market. (这家工厂为国内市场生产汽车。)
Fresh produce is available at the farmer's market. (农贸市场上有新鲜的农产品。)
辨析：
manufacture 制造，生产 (更强调工业化生产)
create 创造，创作 (更强调原创性)
串记：
The company produces a wide range of electronic devices. (该公司生产各种电子设备。)
The country's main agricultural produce includes wheat, corn, and soybeans. (该国主要的农产品包括小麦、玉米和大豆。)
5. reduce (v.) 减少，降低
拓展词组：
reduce the price/speed 降低价格/速度
reduce sth. to... 把...减少到...
易错点拨： reduce 强调使数量或程度减少，而 decrease 则更强调数量的减少。
例句：
The government is taking steps to reduce pollution. (政府正在采取措施减少污染。)
She reduced her calorie intake to lose weight. (她减少了卡路里摄入量来减肥。)
辨析：
decrease 减少，降低 (更强调数量的减少)
lower 降低 (更普通)
串记：
The company reduced its workforce due to the economic downturn. (由于经济衰退，公司裁员了。)
Regular exercise can help to reduce stress levels. (定期锻炼可以帮助减轻压力。)
词根 -fer (带来)
1. confer (v.) 协商，商谈；授予
拓展词组：
confer with sb. 与...协商
confer a degree/title on sb. 授予某人学位/头衔
易错点拨： confer 强调正式的讨论或授予，而 discuss 则更泛指讨论。
例句：
The leaders of the two countries conferred on the issue of trade. (两国领导人就贸易问题进行了协商。)
The university conferred an honorary degree on the renowned scientist. (这所大学授予这位著名科学家荣誉学位。)
辨析：
discuss 讨论，商议 (更普通)
award 授予，颁发 (更强调奖励)
串记：
The committee conferred for several hours before reaching a decision. (委员会协商了几个小时才做出决定。)
The queen conferred knighthood on the brave soldier. (女王授予这位勇敢的士兵爵位。)
2. infer (v.) 推断，推论
拓展词组：
infer sth. from... 从...推断出...
易错点拨： infer 指根据证据或迹象进行推断，而 imply 指暗示或间接表达。
例句：
From his expression, I inferred that he was angry. (从他的表情，我推断出他很生气。)
The report infers that the company is in financial trouble. (该报告推断该公司陷入了财务困境。)
辨析：
imply 暗示，间接表达
deduce 推断，演绎出 (更强调逻辑推理)
串记：
Although she didn't say it directly, I inferred from her tone that she was disappointed. (虽然她没有直说，但我从她的语气中推断出她很失望。)
The detective inferred from the evidence that the crime was premeditated. (侦探根据证据推断，这起犯罪是预谋的。)
3. offer (v.) 提供，给予；(n.) 提议，报价
拓展词组：
offer sb. sth. 提供...给...
make an offer 提出报价
易错点拨： offer 强调主动提供，而 provide 指提供所需的东西。
例句：
He offered to help me with the housework. (他主动提出帮我做家务。)
The company received several offers for the property. (该公司收到了几份关于该房产的报价。)
辨析：
provide 提供，供给 (更强调满足需求)
suggest 建议，提议 (更强调提出意见)
串记：
The waiter offered us a choice of desserts. (服务员给我们提供了甜点的选择。)
She made an offer on the house that was below the asking price. (她对这栋房子提出了低于要价的报价。)
4. prefer (v.) 更喜欢，宁愿
拓展词组：
prefer sth. to sth. 更喜欢...而不是...
易错点拨： prefer 强调在两者之间进行选择，而 like 则更泛指喜欢。
例句：
I prefer tea to coffee. (我喜欢喝茶而不是咖啡。)
Would you prefer to eat in or go out (你想在家里吃还是出去吃？)
辨析：
like 喜欢 (更普通)
love 爱，热爱 (更强烈的情感)
串记：
She prefers to travel by train rather than by plane. (她更喜欢乘火车而不是飞机旅行。)
Some people prefer to live in the city, while others prefer the countryside. (有些人喜欢住在城市，而另一些人则喜欢乡村。)
5. refer (v.) 参考，涉及；提交，呈报
拓展词组：
refer to sth. 参考...，涉及...
refer sb. to... 把...转介给...
易错点拨： refer to 指提及或涉及，而 refer sb. to... 指把某人转介给其他人或机构。
例句：
The speaker referred to several studies in his presentation. (演讲者在演讲中提到了几项研究。)
The doctor referred me to a specialist. (医生把我转介给了一位专科医生。)
辨析：
mention 提及，说起 (更普通)
cite 引用，引证 (更强调学术性)
串记：
Please refer to the manual for instructions on how to use the appliance. (请参阅手册了解如何使用该设备。)
The case was referred to the Supreme Court for a final decision. (案件被提交到最高法院进行最终裁决。)
6. transfer (v.) 转移，调动；(n.) 转让，调动
拓展词组：
transfer sth. to... 把...转移到...
a transfer student 转校生
易错点拨： transfer 强调转移或调动，而 move 则更泛指移动。
例句：
She transferred the files to her new computer. (她把文件转移到了新电脑上。)
He requested a transfer to the sales department. (他要求调到销售部门。)
辨析：
move 移动，搬迁 (更普通)
transport 运输，运送 (强调移动的方式)
串记：
The company decided to transfer its headquarters to another city. (公司决定将总部迁往另一个城市。)
The patient was transferred to a different hospital for specialized treatment. (病人被转到另一家医院接受专科治疗。)
词根 -ject (投掷)
1. inject (v.) 注射，注入
拓展词组：
inject sth. into... 把...注射/注入...
易错点拨： inject 强调用针筒等工具将液体注入体内或其他物体，而 infuse 则指逐渐渗透或灌输。
例句：
The doctor injected the patient with a painkiller. (医生给病人注射了止痛药。)
The government injected billions of dollars into the economy. (政府向经济注入了数十亿美元。)
辨析：
infuse 灌输，注入 (逐渐渗透)
insert 插入，嵌入 (更普通)
串记：
She injected a sense of humor into her presentation to keep the audience engaged. (她在演讲中注入了幽默感，以保持观众的参与度。)
The new coach injected a winning spirit into the team. (新教练给球队注入了必胜的精神。)
2. object (v.) 反对，不赞成；(n.) 物体，目标
拓展词组：
object to sth./doing sth. 反对... / 做...
a foreign object 异物
易错点拨： object 作为动词时指反对或不赞成，作为名词时指物体或目标。
例句：
Several residents objected to the construction of the new highway. (一些居民反对修建新的高速公路。)
The child swallowed a small object and had to be taken to the hospital. (孩子吞下了一个小物件，不得不被送往医院。)
辨析：
oppose 反对，对抗 (更强烈)
disagree 不同意，持异议 (更普通)
串记：
The lawyer objected to the judge's ruling. (律师对法官的裁决提出了反对意见。)
The scientists are studying unidentified flying objects. (科学家们正在研究不明飞行物。)
3. project (v.) 投射，突出；(n.) 项目，计划
拓展词组：
project an image onto a screen 将图像投射到屏幕上
a research project 研究项目
易错点拨： project 作为动词时指投射或突出，作为名词时指项目或计划。
例句：
The projector projected the presentation slides onto the wall. (投影仪将演示文稿幻灯片投射到墙上。)
The team is working on a project to develop a new vaccine. (该团队正在进行一个开发新疫苗的项目。)
辨析：
plan 计划，方案 (更普通)
scheme 计划，方案 (更强调策略性)
串记：
The company's sales are projected to increase by 20% next year. (预计该公司明年的销售额将增长 20%。)
The government has launched a project to improve the country's infrastructure. (政府启动了一个改善国家基础设施的项目。)
4. reject (v.) 拒绝，排斥
拓展词组：
reject an offer/proposal 拒绝提议/建议
易错点拨： reject 强调明确拒绝，而 refuse 则更强调不愿做某事。
例句：
The university rejected his application for admission. (大学拒绝了他的入学申请。)
She rejected his offer of marriage. (她拒绝了他的求婚。)
辨析：
refuse 拒绝，不愿 (更强调意愿)
deny 否认，拒绝承认 (更强调不承认)
串记：
The editor rejected the manuscript because it was poorly written. (编辑拒绝了这份手稿，因为它写得很糟糕。)
The body rejected the transplanted organ. (身体排斥了移植的器官。)
5. subject (n.) 主题，题目；科目；(a.) 受支配的，服从的
拓展词组：
the subject of a sentence/discussion 句子/讨论的主题
a subject matter 主题
易错点拨： subject 作为名词时指主题、题目或科目，作为形容词时指受支配的或服从的。
例句：
The subject of the lecture was the history of art. (讲座的主题是艺术史。)
Mathematics is my favorite subject. (数学是我最喜欢的科目。)
辨析：
topic 话题，议题 (更普通)
theme 主题，主旨 (更强调中心思想)
串记：
The students were asked to write an essay on a subject of their choice. (学生们被要求写一篇关于他们选择的主题的论文。)
The research subjects were divided into two groups. (研究对象被分为两组。)
词根 -pose/-posit (放置)
1. compose (v.) 组成，构成；创作，作曲
拓展词组：
compose a poem/song 创作诗歌/歌曲
be composed of... 由...组成
易错点拨： compose 强调将各个部分组合成一个整体，而 constitute 则指构成整体的基本要素。
例句：
Mozart composed some of the most beautiful music ever written. (莫扎特创作了一些有史以来最优美的音乐。)
Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. (水是由氢和氧组成的。)
辨析：
constitute 构成，组成 (基本要素)
make up 组成，构成 (更普通)
串记：
The committee is composed of representatives from all departments. (委员会由来自所有部门的代表组成。)
She composed herself before entering the meeting room. (她在进入会议室之前让自己镇定下来。)
2. depose (v.) 免职，废黜
拓展词组：
depose a king/leader 废黜国王/领导人
易错点拨： depose 指罢免或废黜职位高的人，而 dismiss 则更泛指解雇或开除。
例句：
The dictator was deposed in a military coup. (独裁者在军事政变中被废黜。)
辨析：
dismiss 解雇，开除 (更普通)
remove 免职，撤职 (更正式)
串记：
The corrupt officials were deposed and brought to justice. (腐败官员被免职并绳之以法。)
3. dispose (v.) 处理，处置；安排
拓展词组：
dispose of sth. 处理掉...
be disposed to do sth. 倾向于做...
易错点拨： dispose of 指处理掉不需要的东西，而 dispose to 指使...倾向于。
例句：
Please dispose of your trash properly. (请妥善处理你的垃圾。)
He was not disposed to accept their offer. (他不太愿意接受他们的提议。)
辨析：
deal with 处理，应付 (更普通)
handle 处理，应付 (更强调技巧)
串记：
The company disposed of its outdated equipment. (公司处理掉了过时的设备。)
She was disposed to trust him, despite her initial doubts. (尽管她最初有疑虑，但她还是倾向于信任他。)
4. expose (v.) 暴露，揭露
拓展词组：
expose sth. to... 把...暴露在...之下
expose a secret 揭露秘密
易错点拨： expose 指暴露或揭露隐藏的事物，而 reveal 则指揭示或透露信息。
例句：
The scandal exposed the corruption within the government. (这起丑闻揭露了政府内部的腐败。)
Don't expose your skin to the sun for too long. (不要让你的皮肤在阳光下暴晒太久。)
辨析：
reveal 揭示，透露 (更强调信息)
uncover 揭露，发现 (更强调发现隐藏的事物)
串记：
The investigation exposed a network of criminals. (调查揭露了一个犯罪网络。)
The documentary exposed the harsh conditions in the factory. (这部纪录片揭露了工厂恶劣的条件。)
5. impose (v.) 强加，征收
拓展词组：
impose a tax/fine on... 对...征税/罚款
impose one's will on others 把自己的意志强加于人
易错点拨： impose 强调强制执行或施加，而 enforce 则指强制执行法律或规则。
例句：
The government imposed a curfew after the riots. (骚乱后，政府实施了宵禁。)
The school imposed strict rules on the students. (学校对学生制定了严格的规定。)
辨析：
enforce 强制执行，实施 (法律或规则)
inflict 造成，使遭受 (痛苦或伤害)
串记：
The judge imposed a life sentence on the murderer. (法官判处凶手无期徒刑。)
The new regulations impose a heavy burden on small businesses. (新法规给小企业带来了沉重的负担。)
6. oppose (v.) 反对，对抗
拓展词组：
oppose a plan/idea 反对计划/想法
易错点拨： oppose 强调积极对抗或反对，而 resist 则指抵制或反抗。
例句：
The opposition party opposed the government's policies. (反对党反对政府的政策。)
She opposed the idea of moving to another city. (她反对搬到另一个城市的想法。)
辨析：
resist 抵抗，反抗
object 反对，不赞成 (更强调表达意见)
串记：
The demonstrators opposed the government's decision to raise taxes. (示威者反对政府提高税收的决定。)
He opposed his parents' wishes and pursued a career in music. (他违背了父母的意愿，从事了音乐事业。)
7. propose (v.) 提议，建议
拓展词组：
propose a toast/solution 提议祝酒/解决方案
propose to sb. 向某人求婚
易错点拨： propose 强调正式提出建议或计划，而 suggest 则更泛指提出意见或想法。
例句：
The committee proposed a new plan to improve efficiency. (委员会提出了一个提高效率的新计划。)
He proposed to her on Valentine's Day. (他在情人节那天向她求婚。)
辨析：
suggest 建议，提议 (更普通)
recommend 推荐，建议 (更强调基于经验或知识的建议)
串记：
The manager proposed that we hold a meeting to discuss the problem. (经理建议我们开会讨论这个问题。)
The scientist proposed a new theory to explain the phenomenon. (科学家提出了一个新的理论来解释这一现象。)
8. suppose (v.) 假设，认为
拓展词组：
suppose that... 假设...
I suppose so. 我想是这样。
易错点拨： suppose 强调基于有限的信息进行假设或推测，而 assume 则指假定某事为真。
例句：
Let's suppose that you win the lottery. What would you do with the money (假设你中了彩票，你会怎么处理这笔钱？)
I suppose you're right. (我想你是对的。)
辨析：
assume 假设，假定 (更强调假定为真)
guess 猜测，猜想 (更不确定)
串记：
I suppose she's on her way home now. (我想她现在正在回家的路上。)
Suppose we miss the train, what should we do (假设我们错过了火车，我们该怎么办？)
词根 -scribe/-script (写)
1. describe (v.) 描述，形容
拓展词组：
describe sth./sb. as... 把...描述为...
易错点拨： describe 指用语言描绘或解释事物，而 depict 则指用图画或文字生动地描绘。
例句：
He described the accident in detail. (他详细描述了事故。)
She described him as a kind and generous person. (她形容他是一个善良慷慨的人。)
辨析：
depict 描绘，描述 (用图画或文字生动地描绘)
explain 解释，说明 (更强调说明原因或原理)
串记：
The author vividly describes the beauty of the landscape in his novel. (作者在他的小说中生动地描述了风景的美丽。)
The witness described the suspect to the police. (目击者向警方描述了嫌疑犯。)
2. inscribe (v.) 铭刻，题写
拓展词组：
inscribe sth. on... 把...铭刻/题写在...上
易错点拨： inscribe 指刻写或题写文字，而 engrave 则指雕刻或铭刻图案或文字。
例句：
Her name was inscribed on the trophy. (她的名字被刻在奖杯上。)
The poem was inscribed on a stone tablet. (这首诗被刻在一块石碑上。)
辨析：
engrave 雕刻，铭刻 (图案或文字)
write 写，书写 (更普通)
串记：
The Declaration of Independence is inscribed on a parchment scroll. (《独立宣言》写在羊皮纸卷轴上。)
The monument was inscribed with the names of the fallen soldiers. (纪念碑上刻着阵亡士兵的名字。)
3. prescribe (v.) 开处方，规定
拓展词组：
prescribe medication/treatment 开药/治疗方案
易错点拨： prescribe 指医生开药或规定治疗方案，而 order 则更泛指命令或指示。
例句：
The doctor prescribed antibiotics for the infection. (医生开了抗生素治疗感染。)
The rules prescribe the proper dress code for the event. (规则规定了该活动的着装要求。)
辨析：
order 命令，指示 (更普通)
direct 指示，命令 (更强调指挥)
串记：
The doctor prescribed bed rest for the patient. (医生嘱咐病人卧床休息。)
The school prescribed a new curriculum for the upcoming academic year. (学校为即将到来的学年制定了新的课程。)
4. subscribe (v.) 订阅，捐款；赞同
拓展词组：
subscribe to a magazine/service 订阅杂志/服务
subscribe to a theory/belief 赞同理论/信仰
易错点拨： subscribe to 指订阅或赞同，而 contribute to 指捐献或贡献。
例句：
I subscribe to several online news publications. (我订阅了几份在线新闻刊物。)
He subscribed to the belief that everyone is equal. (他赞同人人平等的信念。)
辨析：
contribute to 捐献，贡献
agree with 同意，赞成 (更普通)
串记：
Many people subscribe to streaming services to watch movies and TV shows. (许多人订阅流媒体服务来观看电影和电视节目。)
The majority of scientists subscribe to the theory of evolution. (大多数科学家都赞同进化论。)
词根 -tract (拉)
1. attract (v.) 吸引，引起…的注意
拓展词组：
attract attention/tourists 吸引注意力/游客
易错点拨： attract 指吸引或引起注意，而 charm 则指迷住或使陶醉。
例句：
The bright colors of the flowers attract butterflies. (鲜艳的花朵吸引了蝴蝶。)
Her beauty attracted the attention of everyone in the room. (她的美貌吸引了房间里所有人的注意。)
辨析：
charm 迷住，使陶醉
fascinate 使着迷，使神魂颠倒
串记：
The museum's new exhibit attracted record crowds. (博物馆的新展览吸引了创纪录的人群。)
The company's innovative products attract customers from all over the world. (该公司创新产品吸引了来自世界各地的客户。)
2. contract (v.) 收缩；订立合同；(n.) 合同
拓展词组：
contract a muscle/disease 收缩肌肉/感染疾病
sign a contract 签订合同
易错点拨： contract 作为动词时指收缩或订立合同，作为名词时指合同。
例句：
The metal contracts when it cools. (金属冷却时会收缩。)
The two companies signed a contract for the supply of goods. (两家公司签订了货物供应合同。)
辨析：
shrink 收缩，缩小 (更普通)
agreement 协议，协定 (更普通)
串记：
He contracted a rare tropical disease while traveling abroad. (他在国外旅行时感染了一种罕见的热带病。)
The contract stipulated the terms and conditions of the agreement. (合同规定了协议的条款和条件。)
3. detract (v.) 减损，贬低
拓展词组：
detract from sth. 减损...，贬低...
易错点拨： detract from 指降低价值或重要性，而 diminish 则指使减少或变小。
例句：
The negative publicity detracted from the company's reputation. (负面宣传损害了公司的声誉。)
辨析：
diminish 减少，变小
belittle 贬低，轻视
串记：
The constant interruptions detracted from his concentration. (不断的打扰分散了他的注意力。)
4. distract (v.) 转移…的注意力，使分心
拓展词组：
be distracted by sth. 被...分心
易错点拨： distract 指分散注意力，而 divert 则指转移方向或注意力。
例句：
The noise from the street distracted her from her work. (街道上的噪音分散了她的工作注意力。)
辨析：
divert 转移方向，转移注意力
disturb 打扰，打扰
串记：
He tried to distract the child with a toy. (他试图用玩具分散孩子的注意力。)
5. extract (v.) 拔出，抽出；提取；(n.) 摘录，精华
拓展词组：
extract a tooth/information 拔牙/提取信息
an extract from a book/speech 书/演讲的摘录
易错点拨： extract 作为动词时指拔出或提取，作为名词时指摘录或精华。
例句：
The dentist extracted her wisdom tooth. (牙医拔掉了她的智齿。)
The scientist extracted DNA from the sample. (科学家从样本中提取了 DNA。)
辨析：
remove 移除，去掉 (更普通)
excerpt 摘录，节选 (更强调书面语)
串记：
The article included extracts from the author's diary. (这篇文章包含了作者日记的摘录。)
The essential oils are extracted from plants. (精油是从植物中提取的。)
6. retract (v.) 缩回，撤回
拓展词组：
retract a statement/promise 收回声明/承诺
易错点拨： retract 指收回或撤回之前所说或所做的事情，而 withdraw 则指撤退或退出。
例句：
The newspaper was forced to retract the false story. (这家报纸被迫撤回了虚假报道。)
He retracted his hand from the hot stove. (他把手从热炉子上缩了回来。)
辨析：
withdraw 撤退，退出
cancel 取消，撤销 (更普通)
串记：
The politician retracted his controversial remarks after public outcry. (这位政治家在公众强烈抗议后撤回了他的争议性言论。)
The cat retracted its claws when it realized it was not in danger. (猫意识到自己没有危险时，缩回了爪子。)

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