资源简介

高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part twenty-five（词根词缀排序）
1. -able/-ible 形容词后缀，表示“可…的，能…的”
profitable (profit n. 利润) 有利可图的
拓展：
profit n. 利润，利益
profit by/from sth/v-ing 得益于
bring a profit to 给…带来好处
make a profit 获利；赚钱
to one's profit 为了个人的利益
non-profit a. 非营利的
例句：
What is a man profited if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul 假使一个人获得了整个世界而失去了自己的灵魂,这对他又有何意义呢
串记：
If you want to make a profit, don’t do non-profit things, which is not profitable business. 如果你想要赚钱那就不要做非营利的事情，这是不会赚到钱的生意。
promising (promise v. 承诺) 有希望的，有前途的
拓展：
promise n. 诺言；指/希望，前途
promise sb. sth./sth. to sb. 承诺某人做某事
promise to do sth. 承诺做某事
promise (sb.)( that)从句 答应某人……
give/make a promise 约定
keep one's promise 遵守诺言
break one's promise 失约
give promise of 有……的可能，给予……的希望，预示
例句：
John promised to become a good doctor. 约翰有希望成为一名好医生。
串记：
My boyfriend is a promising programmer, who promised me a diamond ring. 我男朋友是个很有前途的程序员，他答应给我一枚钻戒。
proper (proper a. 恰当的) 合适的 (反义词：improper)
拓展：
be proper for 适合…的
in one's proper person 亲自,亲身
It is proper +for +sb．+to do 某人做……是合适的
It is proper +that从句，……是合适的。(that从句中要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should+)动词原形)
例句：
It is not proper that you (should) wear a cap while eating. 你用餐时还戴着帽子是不合适的。
串记：
You should prepare a proper gift and dress properly and above all behave in a proper way. 你应该准备一份合适的礼物，穿着得体，首要的是举止得体。
protective (protect v. 保护) 防护的，关切保护的
拓展：
protect vt. 保护
protect sb./sth. from 保护某人/某物使不受……
protect sb./sth. against 防止某人/某物遭受……
protection n. 保护
under the protection of 在……的保护下
例句：
She wore a hat to protect her face from the sun. 她戴着一顶帽子保护她的脸免受阳光的照射。
串记：
Your protective measure can protect them from taking drugs. 你的保护措施能保护他们不去吸毒并且会被支持和保护。
qualified (qualify v. 使具备资格) 有资格的，有能力的
拓展：
qualify vt. 使具备资格；描述
qualify to do 或 for(as) (使)(某人)取得(做……)资格
qualify sb as sb/sth 把……看作，把……描述
qualification n. 资格，资格证明(书)，合格证明(书)，评定等级
例句：
Knowledge alone doesn't qualify you to teach. 只凭知识并非使你有资格教书。
串记：
She has the qualification to be a qualified teacher, who qualify to get this award. 她有资格成为一名合格的老师并且有资格得到奖励。
puzzled (puzzle v. 使迷惑) 困惑的；茫然的；搞糊涂的
拓展：
puzzle n. 难题，(字、画)谜；vt. 使迷惑
in a puzzle about/as to 对(某事)困惑不解
puzzle in words 字谜
puzzle about/over 为…大伤脑筋,对…冥思苦想
puzzle out 推测出
puzzle through 钻研；摸索着通过
例句：
How the dinasour died out is a puzzle to the public. 恐龙是如何灭绝的对公众来说是一个谜。
串记：
It is such a puzzling question that I feel very puzzled. 这是一个令人费解的问题，我感到非常的困惑。
puzzling (puzzle v. 使迷惑) 令人迷惑的，令人费解的
拓展：
puzzle n. 难题，(字、画)谜；vt. 使迷惑
in a puzzle about/as to 对(某事)困惑不解
puzzle in words 字谜
puzzle about/over 为…大伤脑筋,对…冥思苦想
puzzle out 推测出
puzzle through 钻研；摸索着通过
例句:
How the dinasour died out is a puzzle to the public. 恐龙是如何灭绝的对公众来说是一个谜。
串记：
It is such a puzzling question that I feel very puzzled. 这是一个令人费解的问题，我感到非常的困惑。
2. -ion 名词后缀，表示“行为，过程，状态”
promotion (promote v. 促进) 晋升，提升；推/促销；促进；发扬，振兴
拓展：
promote v. 促进，推动；提/晋升；推广，促销
promote sb.(from sth.) to sth. 把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位
be promoted to ... 被提升为……
例句：
While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted/promotion, Henry did his best to perform his duty. 在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。
串记：
The promoter was in town to promote books because he wants to get a promotion in his company. 推销员在城里推销他的新书，因为他想在他的公司得到提升。
protection (protect v. 保护) 保护
拓展：
protect vt. 保护
protect sb./sth. from 保护某人/某物使不受……
protect sb./sth. against 防止某人/某物遭受……
protection n. 保护
under the protection of 在……的保护下
例句：
She wore a hat to protect her face from the sun. 她戴着一顶帽子保护她的脸免受阳光的照射。
串记：
Your protective measure can protect them from taking drugs. 你的保护措施能保护他们不去吸毒并且会被支持和保护。
publication (publish v. 出版) 出版；出版物；发表
拓展：
publish vt. 出版，发行；刊登，发表
publish to the world 公之于世
publish under one's real name 用真名发表
publisher n. 出版者，出版商；发行人
publishing a. & n. 出版(业)(的)
例句：
The novel is published from(by) the Foreign Languages Press. 这本小说由外文出版社出版。
串记：
In the large publishing company, the publisher changed the steps of publication. 在这所大的出版社公司里，出版商改变了出版的步骤。
qualification (qualify v. 使具备资格) 资格，资格证明(书)，合格证明(书)，评定等级
拓展：
qualify vt. 使具备资格；描述
qualify to do 或 for(as) (使)(某人)取得(做……)资格
qualify sb as sb/sth 把……看作，把……描述
qualification n. 资格，资格证明(书)，合格证明(书)，评定等级
例句：
Knowledge alone doesn't qualify you to teach. 只凭知识并非使你有资格教书。
串记：
She has the qualification to be a qualified teacher, who qualify to get this award. 她有资格成为一名合格的老师并且有资格得到奖励。
question (question v. 询问) 问/难题
拓展：
question vt. 询问
beyond/all question 无疑地，确实地
call sth. in (into) question 对……表示怀疑，争议，异议
come into question 被讨论，被重视
in question 正被讨论的，有问题的
out of question 毫无疑问地
out of the question 不可能的，办不到的
put a question to 询问
put the question 付诸表决
without question 毫无疑问，毫无异议
questionnaire n. 调查表; 调查问卷
例句：
I would never question her honesty. 我决不会对她的诚实有所怀疑。
串记：
To answer this question in an hour is out of question for a teacher, but it is out of the question for a student. 在一小时回答这个问题对一位老师来说不成问题，但对于一个学生来说却是不可能的。
3. -ly 副词后缀，表示“…地”
properly (proper a. 恰当的) 适当地；正确地；恰当地
拓展：
be proper for 适合…的
in one's proper person 亲自,亲身
It is proper +for +sb．+to do 某人做……是合适的
It is proper +that从句，……是合适的。(that从句中要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should+)动词原形)
例句：
It is not proper that you (should) wear a cap while eating. 你用餐时还戴着帽子是不合适的。
串记：
You should prepare a proper gift and dress properly and above all behave in a proper way. 你应该准备一份合适的礼物，穿着得体，首要的是举止得体。
proudly (proud a. 自豪的) 自豪地，得意洋洋地，高傲地
拓展：
proud adj. 自豪的；自尊的；自傲的
be proud of 为……感到骄傲/自豪
be proud to do... 做……感到自豪
be proud that... 为……而感到自豪
pride n. 骄傲，自豪 vt. 为……骄傲
take pride in 以……自豪，对……感到得意
with pride 骄傲地；自豪地
pride oneself on (doing) sth. 以(做)某事而自豪； 得意于(做)某事
例句：
If your father had still been alive, he would have felt very proud of you. 你父亲如果还健在的话,他会为你骄傲的。
辨析：
proud/ arrogant/conceited 这组词都有“骄傲的”意思。
proud 指为自己或与自己有关的人或事物感到满意或自豪。
arrogant 指自恃高人一等而盛气凌人，令人厌恶。
conceited 指自负，过高评价自己。
purposefully (purposeful a. 有目的的) 果断地，明确目标地
拓展：
purpose n. 目的/标，意图；意图，作用
for (the) purpose of 为了
on purpose 故意地 (同 by design，反 by chance)
with the purpose of 为了
to the purpose 中肯的，合适的
purposeful a. 有目的的，故意的
purposely ad. 故意地，蓄意地
例句：
This plan will not answer our purpose. 这计划不符合我们的需要。
串记：
She is a purposeful person and does things on purpose. Now she is acting purposefully. 她是一个有决心的人并且做事是有目的，现在正在有目的地行动。
purposely (purposeful a. 有目的的) 故意地，蓄意地
拓展：
purpose n. 目的/标，意图；意图，作用
for (the) purpose of 为了
on purpose 故意地 (同 by design，反 by chance)
with the purpose of 为了
to the purpose 中肯的，合适的
purposeful a. 有目的的，故意的
purposely ad. 故意地，蓄意地
例句：
This plan will not answer our purpose. 这计划不符合我们的需要。
串记：
She is a purposeful person and does things on purpose. Now she is acting purposefully. 她是一个有决心的人并且做事是有目的，现在正在有目的地行动。
publicly (public a. 公开的) 公开/然地
拓展：
public a. 公共/立的；公众/开的(反private)；n. 公众(the ~)
in public 公开地，当众 (反 in private/secret)
public transport/figure 公共交通/公众人物
例句：
A shy person dare not speak in public. 害羞的人不敢在公众面前讲话。
串记：
The public is in favour of the reform of public schools. However, some people are publicly against it. 公众赞成公立学校的改革。然而，一些人公开反对它。
quickly (quick a. 快的) 迅速地；很快地
拓展：
quick a. & ad. 快；敏捷的/地；急剧的/地
be quick at/about/in (做)……敏捷，迅速
be quick to do (做)……是很快的，敏捷(做)……
quicken v. 加快；变活跃
例句：
Be quick about your work. 把活干得快一点。
串记：
The new technology will quicken the product development pace, and take the market quickly. 这个新技术将会加快新产品开发的速度，快速占领市场。
辨析：
quick/fast/rapid/swift/speedy 这些形容词均含“快的”之意。
quick 强调速度快，动作敏捷，反应迅速。
fast 普通用词，含义广，指运动或动作的速度快。
rapid 较正式用词，指发展、变化或进行的速度快，强调快而有力。
swift 指动作、变化等快速敏捷，着重速度快而平稳。
speedy 指行动、进展迅速及时，着重效率高。
4. 其他词根词缀
progress (pro-向前，-gress 行走) 进步；发展；前进
拓展：
progress v. 进步；发展；缓速前进；促进
in progress 正在进行；在发展中
make progress (in) (在……方面)取得进步
progress in/with sth 在…方面取得进展
progressive a. 进步的；先进的
例句：
How are you progressing with your driving lessons 你的驾驶课学得怎么样
串记：
She is the most progressive writers. If you want to make progress, work with her. 她是最有进步的作家，如果你想取得进步就和她一起工作吧。
辨析：
progress/advance/development 这些名词均含“进步，发展”之意。
progress 普通用词，指前进，发展或朝既定目标运动。
advance 指向前发展，强调动作。
development 较多用于指事物按其规律逐步成长变化，达到新阶段或新水平。
programmer (program n. 程序，-er 人) 程序员
拓展：
programme/program n. 计划，方案；节目(单)；项目；活动安排；课程；(计算机)程序；v. 计划，安排；编程
例句：
How can I get out of the programme 我怎么才能退出这个程序呢？
串记：
The programmer made a programme. 这个程序设计员制定了一个方案。
promote (pro-向前，-mote 移动) 促进，推动；提/晋升；推广，促销
拓展：
promote v. 促进，推动；提/晋升；推广，促销
promote sb.(from sth.) to sth. 把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位
be promoted to ... 被提升为……
例句：
While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted/promotion, Henry did his best to perform his duty. 在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。
串记：
The promoter was in town to promote books because he wants to get a promotion in his company. 推销员在城里推销他的新书，因为他想在他的公司得到提升。
prove (pro-向前，-ve 表动词) 证明/实； 证明是，被发现是 (turn out)
拓展：
prove (proved, proved/proven) vt. 证明/实；
prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事
prove oneself (to be) ... 证明自己是
prove (to be)＋n./adj. 原来是，证明是
It is proved that ... 据证明……，据证实……
proof n. 证据；证明
There's (no) proof that ... (没)有证据证明……
例句：
The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists. 困难在于他如何向其他科学家证明自己的观点。
串记：
I could prove to my friends that nothing ever changes with solid proof. 我可以用坚实的证据向我的朋友证明没有任何东西改变过。
provide (pro-向前，-vide 提供) 提供，供应
拓展：
provide sb. with sth./provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物/为某人提供某物
provide for 赡养，养活
provided (that) ... ＝ providing (that) ... 倘若；在……情况/条件下
例句：
Besides, being provided with some information about career planning can help us develop our interest and potential. 另外，了解一些有关职业规划的信息有助于我们开发我们的兴趣和潜力。
串记：
We will provide a car for you providing you work with us. 如果你和我们一起工作，我们将为你提供一辆汽车。
public (publ-人民，-ic 形容词后缀) 公共/立的；公众/开的 (反 private)
拓展：
public a. 公共/立的；公众/开的(反private)；n. 公众(the ~)
in public 公开地，当众 (反 in private/secret)
public transport/figure 公共交通/公众人物
例句：
A shy person dare not speak in public. 害羞的人不敢在公众面前讲话。
串记：
The public is in favour of the reform of public schools. However, some people are publicly against it. 公众赞成公立学校的改革。然而，一些人公开反对它。
publish (publ-人民，-ish 使…) 出版，发行；刊登，发表
拓展：
publish vt. 出版，发行；刊登，发表
publish to the world 公之于世
publish under one's real name 用真名发表
publisher n. 出版者，出版商；发行人
publishing a. & n. 出版(业)(的)
例句：
The novel is published from(by) the Foreign Languages Press. 这本小说由外文出版社出版。
串记：
In the large publishing company, the publisher changed the steps of publication. 在这所大的出版社公司里，出版商改变了出版的步骤。
qualify (qual-性质，-ify 使…) 使具备资格；描述
拓展：
qualify vt. 使具备资格；描述
qualify to do 或 for(as) (使)(某人)取得(做……)资格
qualify sb as sb/sth 把……看作，把……描述
qualification n. 资格，资格证明(书)，合格证明(书)，评定等级
例句：
Knowledge alone doesn't qualify you to teach. 只凭知识并非使你有资格教书。
串记：
She has the qualification to be a qualified teacher, who qualify to get this award. 她有资格成为一名合格的老师并且有资格得到奖励。
quarrel (quarrel v. 争吵) 争吵，吵架
拓展：
quarrel vi.& n. 争吵，吵架
have a quarrel with sb. about/over sth. 因某事和某人争吵
quarrel with sb. about/over sth. 因某事和某人争吵
例句：
After they quarreled with each other about/over their work, they began to realize someone was to blame. 他们在工作上争吵之后，开始意识到有人该受责备。
串记：
Husbands always quarrel with their wives about money. 丈夫经常为了钱和他们的妻子吵架。
question (quest-寻求，-ion 名词后缀) 问题
拓展：
question vt. 询问
beyond/all question 无疑地，确实地
call sth. in (into) question 对……表示怀疑，争议，异议
come into question 被讨论，被重视
in question 正被讨论的，有问题的
out of question 毫无疑问地
out of the question 不可能的，办不到的
put a question to 询问
put the question 付诸表决
without question 毫无疑问，毫无异议
questionnaire n. 调查表; 调查问卷
例句：
I would never question her honesty. 我决不会对她的诚实有所怀疑。
串记：
To answer this question in an hour is out of question for a teacher, but it is out of the question for a student. 在一小时回答这个问题对一位老师来说不成问题，但对于一个学生来说却是不可能的。
quick (quick a. 快的) 快；敏捷的
拓展：
quick a. & ad. 快；敏捷的/地；急剧的/地
be quick at/about/in (做)……敏捷，迅速
be quick to do (做)……是很快的，敏捷(做)……
quicken v. 加快；变活跃
例句：
Be quick about your work. 把活干得快一点。
串记：
The new technology will quicken the product development pace, and take the market quickly. 这个新技术将会加快新产品开发的速度，快速占领市场。
辨析：
quick/fast/rapid/swift/speedy 这些形容词均含“快的”之意。
quick 强调速度快，动作敏捷，反应迅速。
fast 普通用词，含义广，指运动或动作的速度快。
rapid 较正式用词，指发展、变化或进行的速度快，强调快而有力。
swift 指动作、变化等快速敏捷，着重速度快而平稳。
speedy 指行动、进展迅速及时，着重效率高。
quiet (quiet a. 安静的) 安/寂静的；文静的，少言寡语的
拓展：
quiet n. 安/宁静
Keep/be quiet! 安静！
Quiet down！安静！
例句：
Please keep quiet while others are studying. 在别人学习的时候,请保持安静。
串记：
He is a quiet boy. When the others are quarrelling, he remains quiet on this question. 他是一个安静的男孩。当别人吵架时，他在这个问题上保持沉默。
辨析：
quiet/calm/still/silent 这些形容词均含“平静的，无声无息”之意。
quiet 普通用词，指没有喧闹、活动或骚乱的寂静状态。
calm 普通用词，既可指天气、海洋等的平静状态，又可指人的镇定沉着、不慌乱，不受外界影响和情绪支配。
silent 普通用词，指缄默不语或无声无息。
still 指平静而又安定的状态。
5. 其他词汇
profit n. 利润，赢利；利益，好处
拓展：
profit n. 利润，利益
profit by/from sth/v-ing 得益于
bring a profit to 给…带来好处
make a profit 获利；赚钱
to one's profit 为了个人的利益
non-profit a. 非营利的
例句：
What is a man profited if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul 假使一个人获得了整个世界而失去了自己的灵魂,这对他又有何意义呢
串记：
If you want to make a profit, don’t do non-profit things, which is not profitable business. 如果你想要赚钱那就不要做非营利的事情，这是不会赚到钱的生意。
programme/program n. 计划，方案；节目(单)；项目；活动安排；课程；(计算机)程序
拓展：
programme/program n. 计划，方案；节目(单)；项目；活动安排；课程；(计算机)程序；v. 计划，安排；编程
例句：
How can I get out of the programme 我怎么才能退出这个程序呢？
串记：
The programmer made a programme. 这个程序设计员制定了一个方案。
promise n. 诺言；指/希望，前途；v. 答应，许诺
拓展：
promise n. 诺言；指/希望，前途
promise sb. sth./sth. to sb. 承诺某人做某事
promise to do sth. 承诺做某事
promise (sb.)( that)从句 答应某人……
give/make a promise 约定
keep one's promise 遵守诺言
break one's promise 失约
give promise of 有……的可能，给予……的希望，预示
例句：
John promised to become a good doctor. 约翰有希望成为一名好医生。
串记：
My boyfriend is a promising programmer, who promised me a diamond ring. 我男朋友是个很有前途的程序员，他答应给我一枚钻戒。
pride n. 骄傲，自豪 vt. 为……骄傲
拓展：
proud adj. 自豪的；自尊的；自傲的
be proud of 为……感到骄傲/自豪
be proud to do... 做……感到自豪
be proud that... 为……而感到自豪
pride n. 骄傲，自豪 vt. 为……骄傲
take pride in 以……自豪，对……感到得意
with pride 骄傲地；自豪地
pride oneself on (doing) sth. 以(做)某事而自豪； 得意于(做)某事
例句：
If your father had still been alive, he would have felt very proud of you. 你父亲如果还健在的话,他会为你骄傲的。
串记：
She is a purposeful person and does things on purpose. Now she is acting purposefully. 她是一个有决心的人并且做事是有目的，现在正在有目的地行动。
辨析：
proud/ arrogant/conceited 这组词都有“骄傲的”意思。
proud 指为自己或与自己有关的人或事物感到满意或自豪。
arrogant 指自恃高人一等而盛气凌人，令人厌恶。
conceited 指自负，过高评价自己。
proof n. 证明/据
拓展：
prove (proved, proved/proven) vt. 证明/实；
prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事
prove oneself (to be) ... 证明自己是
prove (to be)＋n./adj. 原来是，证明是
It is proved that ... 据证明……，据证实……
proof n. 证据；证明
There's (no) proof that ... (没)有证据证明……
例句：
The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists. 困难在于他如何向其他科学家证明自己的观点。
串记：
I could prove to my friends that nothing ever changes with solid proof. 我可以用坚实的证据向我的朋友证明没有任何东西改变过。
练习
一、语法填空。
This program is a _______ (promise) project. The manager will get promoted if that they finish it on time.
The _______ (promote) of the new product proved to be a great success.
Some errors are caused by _______ (proper) operation, and there is no hardware damage.
The numerous holes in the ground protect the small animals _______ the summer heat.
With _______ (purpose) reading, much of their time and energy will be saved.
With the _______ (publish) of the novel, the writer and the publisher both succeeded.
What makes you think you are _______ (qualify) for this position
Once you find that love within yourself, you will see your path begin to _______ (quick).
Such firms are big, but not the most _______ (profit). They lack core competitiveness.
The programmer didn’t major in _______ (program) at college.
二、单句改错。
That clearly indicates that no one can make a progress merely because of good looks.
Besides, they also should be taught to use it proper and form a correct notion (观念) of consumption.
When all the passengers boarded the train, it pulled in.
We can see from his puzzling look that the problem is really difficult.
I would rather be laughed at than quarrel about him.
He is out of question the best student in the whole class. He failed in most subjects.
If you fail because of laziness, indecision or poor planning, you can quick correct those in the future.
You have the right to remain quietly, but anything you say can be used against you in the court.
The protection of the rare animals and plants are very important and necessary.
The manager demands each promoter puts forward a proposal in public.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
We need to _______ (拆除) these barriers that hold people back.
We should ban smoking not only _______ (在公共场合), but also at home.
The famous article was _______ (出版) in the 1920s, nearly a century away.
The programmer destroyed the computer _______ (故意).
Today's advertisements often start with a question, or a puzzle, _______ (目的是) attracting the reader's attention.
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
迄今为止，没有证据表明来自其它行星宇宙飞船确实存在。(there is no proof that)
有些家长没有给孩子提供足够的机会独立。(provide sb. with sth.)
我的助手承诺尽快把论文翻译成英文。(put …into)
如果一个人在思维敏捷，我们就说这个人聪明伶俐。(be quick in)
这个程序证明是盗版的 (pirated).，但是可以盈利。(prove to be)
参考答案：
一、语法填空。
promising 解析：此处指这个项目很有希望，能带来好的结果。
promotion 解析：此处指新产品的推广活动。
improper 解析：此处指操作不当导致错误。
from 解析：protect ... from ... 意为“保护……免受……”。
purposeful 解析：此处指有目的的阅读。
publication 解析：此处指小说的出版。
qualified 解析：此处询问对方有什么资格胜任这个职位。
quicken 解析：此处指道路变得更快，引申为事情进展更快。
profitable 解析：此处指这些公司虽然很大，但不是最赚钱的。
programming 解析：此处指程序员没有主修程序设计专业。
二、单句改错。
去掉 a 解析：progress 是不可数名词，不需要加不定冠词。
proper→properly 解析：此处修饰动词 use，应用副词。
in→out 解析：pull in 指进站，pull out 指出站。
puzzling→puzzled 解析：此处指他看起来很困惑，应用形容词 puzzled。
about→with 解析：quarrel with sb. 意为“和某人吵架”。
在 of 和 question 之间加 the 解析：out of the question 是固定搭配，意为“不可能的”。
quick→quickly 解析：此处修饰动词 correct，应用副词。
quiet→quietly 解析：此处修饰动词 remain，应用副词。
are→is 解析：protection 是不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式。
puts→put 解析：each promoter 是单数第三人称，谓语动词应用单数形式。
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
pull down 解析：pull down 意为“拆除”。
in public 解析：in public 意为“在公共场合”。
published 解析：publish 的过去分词形式。
on purpose 解析：on purpose 意为“故意地”。
for/with the purpose of 解析：for/with the purpose of ... 意为“为了……”。
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
So far there is no proof that spaceships from other planets do exist.
Some parents do not provide their children with enough opportunities to be independent.
My assistant promised to put the paper into English as soon as possible.
If someone is quick in mind, we say he is smart.
The program proved to be pirated, but it can make profits.高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part twenty-four (词根词缀排序)高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part twenty-one (词根词缀排序)
1. 包含“mind”词根的单词:
mind (n. 头脑，心；思维，智力；心思，想法；v. 介意，关心；注意，小心)
拓展词组:
mind doing sth. 介意做某事
bear/keep in mind 记住; 怀; 挂心
change one’s mind 改变某人的想法
come into one’s mind 突然想到
have sb./sth. in mind 担心某人/某事
make up one’s mind 某人下定决心
on one’s mind (烦心事)在心头
mind your own business 别多管闲事
never mind 没有关系，不要记在心上
absent-minded a. 健忘的，心不在焉的
single-minded a. 专一的；诚心的；纯真的
open-minded a思想开明的；无偏见的
易错点拨:
Would/Do you mind＋[one (宾格)/one's]＋doing sth. 表示请求允许或询问对方是否介意自己或别人做某事。
Would you mind＋if从句？(从句中要用一般过去时)
Do you mind＋if从句？(从句中常用一般现在时)表示询问对方是否介意某人做某事。
例句:
①There were all kinds of thoughts running through my mind. 各种念头在我脑海中闪过。
②Would you mind my asking you/if I asked you a private question？你是否介意我问你一个私人问题吗？
串记例句:
①An open-minded person doesn’t mean that he or she is mindless, on the contrary an open-minded person can be very mindful. 一个思想开明的人，并不意味着他（她）是一个愚笨的人，相反地这个人可能非常警觉。
②I always bear in mind what my father said to me, never mind what others think of you, just be yourself. 我一直牢记着我父亲对我说的话，不要介意别人怎么看你，做你自己就好。
mindful (a. 留心的，注意的；警觉的)
例句:
We should be mindful of the needs of others. 我们应该留心他人的需求。
mindless (a. 愚笨的；不小心的；无意识的)
例句:
It was mindless of me to leave my keys in the car. 我把钥匙忘在车里真是太粗心了。
2. 包含“move”词根的单词:
move (v. 移动，搬动，搬家；感动 n. 移/行/搬动)
拓展词组:
move about 走来走去
move away 离去，迁走
move on 继续前进·出发
例句:
①I can hear somebody moving about upstairs．我听见楼上有人在不停地走动。
②One false move loses the whole game．一着不慎，满盘皆输。
串记例句:
①Lyn is moved by a moving film which tells a couple keeps moving around the world fighting for the movement of liberation. 琳被一部感人的电影感动了，电影中讲述了一对情侣为解放运动环游世界进行斗争。
②We were deeply moved by the speaker's moving speech about the importance of environmental protection. 我们被演讲者关于环境保护重要性的感人演讲深深地打动了。
movement (n. 运动; 活动; 动作; 乐章)
例句:
The environmental movement is gaining momentum around the world. 环保运动正在全球范围内 gaining momentum.
moving (a. 活动的，可移动的; 感人的)
例句:
The film was so moving that I cried at the end. 这部电影太感人了，我最后都哭了。
moved (a. 受感动的)
例句:
I was deeply moved by your kindness. 我被你的 kindness 深深地感动了。
3. 包含 "nation" 词根的单词:
nation (n. 民族；国家/民)
拓展词组: 无
例句:
①No agreement was reached between the two nations．两国未能达成协议。
②The Chinese nation is a great nation in the world．中华民族是世界上伟大的民族。
串记例句:
①People from different nationalities speak for their own nations and want to have their own right on the international stage. 来自不同国家的人民都为他们的民族发言，都希望在国际舞台上有自己的权力。
②The United Nations is an organization of nations that promotes peace and cooperation. 联合国是一个促进和平与合作的国家组织。
national (a. 国家的; 国有的; 国民的)
例句:
The national anthem was played before the game. 比赛前演奏了国歌。
international (a. 国际的; 两国（或以上）国家的)
例句:
The Olympic Games is an international sporting event. 奥运会是一项国际体育赛事。
nationality (n. 国籍; 国家; 民族性; 部落)
例句:
What is your nationality 你的国籍是什么？
4. 包含 “nature” 词根的单词:
nature (n. 大自然；天/本性；性质)
拓展词组:
by nature 生来，天生
from nature 根据实物(景)，写生地
in nature 本质上，本性
in the course of nature 自然而然地，正常地
all nature 万物，人人
例句:
Nature is stronger than education．本性难移。
串记例句:
①In nature people can’t live without nature however nature can exist without human. 事实上人不能没有自然而生存，然而没有人自然可以存在。
②The beauty of nature is a source of inspiration for many artists. 大自然的美丽是许多艺术家的灵感来源。
5. 包含 "need" 词根的单词:
need (n. & a. 需要，必要)
拓展词组:
need to do sth. 需要做某事
need doing/to be done 需要被……
needn’t have done sth. 本不必做某事的
there is no need (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)没必要做
have need to(do)必须……，务必……
in case of need 在困窘时
in need 在危难中；在穷困中的
meet/satisfy one’s need(s) 满足某人的需要
例句:
①There is a great need for us to learn a foreign language well in the modern society.在现代社会，学好一门外语对我们来说是非常必要的。
②A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真朋友。
串记例句:
①We need to do something to help the people in need, for example, the houses need to be repaired so we need to buy something to meet their needs but there is no need for us to buy these toys. 我们需要做一些事情来帮助这些需要帮助的人，例如这些房子需要修缮所以我们需要买些东西满足他们，但是我们没有必要买这些玩具啊。
②She had a desperate need for someone to talk to. 她迫切需要找个人倾诉。
needy (a. 贫困的；贫穷的；生活艰苦的)
例句:
The charity provides food and shelter for the needy. 这个慈善机构为有需要的人提供食物和住所。
6. 包含 “normal” 词根的单词:
normal (n. & a. 正常的（状态）；健全的)
拓展词组:
go back/return to normal 变得/恢复正常
normally ad. 正常地；通常地，一般地；按说
例句:
He is reported as saying that the situation is already back to normal. 据报道,他曾说局势已恢复正常。
串记例句:
①His temperature finally went back to normal, but his abnormal behavior still remains. 他的体温终于变得正常了，但是他的行为仍然不正常。
②Normally, I would go to the gym after work, but today I'm too tired. 通常情况下，我下班后会去健身房，但今天我太累了。
abnormal (a. 反常的，异常的；不规则的；变态的)
例句:
The doctor found some abnormal cells in her blood test. 医生在她的验血报告中发现了一些异常细胞。
7. 包含 "note" 词根的单词:
note (n. 便条；笔记，注释；钞票，纸币；音符/调；vt. 记下，记录；注/留意)
拓展词组:
(1)make/take a note/notes (of ...)记下，记录(……)
take note of 注意到
leave a note for sb. 给某人留个条子
compare notes (with sb.) (与某人)交换意见
（2）note down记下
(3) noted a．著名的
be noted for 因……而闻名
be noted as 作为……而著称
(4)notable a．值得注意的
易错点拨: take note of和take notes of意思不同，前者表示“注意”，相当于take notice of；后者表示“记下，对……做好笔记”。
例句:
①Read the text and make a note of any new information.读一读这篇文章并将任何新的内容都记录下来。
②Please make a note of what our teacher said in class and if you have any questions, compare notes afterwards. 请把我们的老师在课堂上所讲的内容记下来，如果有什么问题，之后再交换意见。
③This lake is noted as a home to many birds. 这个湖作为许多鸟类的栖息地而闻名遐迩。
串记例句:
①I bought a notebook to take notes of the dialogue when I compared notes with my colleague. 我买了一个笔记本来记录当我和他对话时交流的意见。
②He is a noted scholar in the field of artificial intelligence. 他是人工智能领域的著名学者。
notebook (n. 笔记本/簿；手册)
例句:
I always carry a notebook with me to jot down ideas. 我总是随身带着一个笔记本，以便随时记下想法。
8. 包含 “notice” 词根的单词:
notice (n. 布/通告；通知；注意；vt. 注意(到)；提及)
拓展词组:
have notice of 接到通知
notice board 布告栏，公告牌
notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事
take notice of 注意，留心，照顾，照料
under notice 接到(解雇等)预告，通知
without notice 不预告
例句:
①He walked so fast that he didn't notice his wife.他走得太快了,连他夫人都没注意到。
②Take no notice of what he says. 别理会他说的话。
串记例句:
①You need to take notice of the noticeable man because I had noticed him stealing money. 你需要留意这个值得注意的男人，因为我曾经注意到他偷钱。
②Please take notice of the announcement on the notice board. 请注意公告栏上的通知。
noticeable (a. 显而易见的，显著的；值得注意的)
例句:
There has been a noticeable improvement in her English. 她的英语有了显著的提高。
9. 包含 “number” 词根的单词:
number (n. 数(目/字；号码；vt. 编号)
拓展词组:
a (large) number of 大量的
in large numbers 大量地
a number of 若干，一些；许多
the number of……的数目
例句:
I'm sorry, I think you have the wrong number. 对不起，我想你打错了。
串记例句:
①Tom needs Jack’s phone number because he needs a large number of money and Jack has numerous money. 汤姆需要杰克的电话号码，因为他需要一大笔钱，杰克有很多钱。
②A large number of students participated in the competition. 大量的学生参加了比赛。
numerous (a. 许多的，很多的)
例句:
The museum houses numerous works of art. 这家博物馆收藏了许多艺术品。
10.:
measure (v. 测/度/计/估/衡量；n.度量单位，计量标准；措施，办法)
拓展词组:
be measured by/in 用……来衡量
measure for 为…量… make a measure for sb/sth
make ... to one's measure 按某人的尺寸做……
take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
to one’s measure 按照某人尺寸
例句:
①Education shouldn't be measured purely by examination results. 教育不应该纯粹以考试成绩来衡量。
②You should take effective measures to improve your workers' working conditions. 你们应该采取有效措施改善你们工人的工作环境。
③In the old days, my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with the Spring Festival coming. 过去，妈妈在春节来临时总是为我量身做新衣服。
串记例句:
①To know the measurement of the spaceship you should take some measures to measure it by yourself. 要知道这个飞船的尺寸，你需要自己采取措施测量。
②The government has taken measures to reduce air pollution. 政府已经采取措施减少空气污染。
meet (vt. 遇见，见到，结识；迎接；遭遇; 满足，达到；n. 会，集会)
拓展词组:
meet one’s need/requirement/standard 满足某人的需要
meet with 偶然遇到; 碰到; 遭受; 和…会面
meet up with 遇见，赶上
meeting n. 见/会面；会议；机会；运动会
sports meeting 运动会
hold a meeting 开会．举行会议
例句:
She is the girl whom you meet at the airport.她就是你在机场遇见的那个女孩。
串记例句:
①Yesterday I met with Jack.Ma and we had a meeting in which I put up with some suggestions which meet his requirements of improving Tao Bao. 昨天我和马云见面了，我们开了会，会上我提出的建议符合他改进淘宝的需求。
②We met up with some friends for dinner last night. 我们昨晚和一些朋友一起吃了晚饭。
mention ([ men n] v.& n．提到，涉及；说起)
拓展词组:
(1)mention doing sth.提到做某事
向某人提及……
not to mention ＝ without mentioning 更不必说，更谈不上
Don't mention it. 不要客气/不用谢/没关系。
(2) make (no) mention of (没)提及，(没)提到
例句:
①In the interview, the singer mentioned her childhood to the journalist.在采访过程中，歌手向记者提及了她的童年时代。
②The boy is good at advanced mathematics, not to mention such an easy problem.这男孩连高等数学都擅长，更不用说这么简单的问题了。
③Whenever I mention playing football, he says he's too busy.我一跟他提踢足球的事，他就说太忙。
mess (/mes/ n. 混乱；混杂；脏乱 v. 弄糟；弄乱；妨碍)
拓展词组:
in a mess 乱七八糟, 繁乱
make a mess of 把……弄糟
mess about(around) 混日子，消磨时间；干预，篡改，胡闹；开玩笑
mess up 把……弄糟(弄乱，弄脏)
mess with 干预，打扰
例句:
①I've never seen so much mess and disorder!我从来没见过这么乱七八糟的样子。
②Ten the boys to stop messing up the room．告诉那些男孩们别把屋子弄乱了。
串记例句:
①Oil and water do not mix however alcohol can mix with water. 油和水不相融然而酒精和水可以相融。
②He always messes up his room and his mother has to clean it up for him. 他总是把房间弄得乱七八糟，他妈妈不得不替他打扫。
11.:
minority ([ma 'n r ti] n．少数民族；少数)
拓展词组:
(1)a/the minority of 少数的
be in the/a minority 占少数
(2)majority n. 多数，多半
be in the/a majority 占多数
a/the majority of ……的大多数
例句:
①Only a minority of America households don't have a car. 美国只有少数家庭没有汽车。
②We are in the minority on this issue. 在这件事情上我们占少数。
③The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 大部分损失容易补救。
miss (/m s/ v. 未击中；错过；未领会；躲开，避过；想/怀念)
拓展词组:
miss doing sth. 错过/想念做某事
miss out 遗漏；(被)略去；错过机会
missing a. 失去的; 下落不明的
例句:
We have missed you badly since you were gone．自你走后我们非常惦念你。
串记例句:
①I miss my missing pet, it was my fault that I miss out the opportunity to get it back. 我想念我丢失的那只宠物了，是我的错，是我错过了将它找回来的机会。
②I missed the train because I overslept. 我睡过头了，所以错过了火车。
mistake (/m ste k/ (mistook，mistaken) n. 错/失误；vt. 弄错，误会)
拓展词组:
mistake for 把……误认为
by mistake 错误地；无意中(做了错事)
make a mistake 犯错误
mistaken a. 弄错的，理解错误的；错误的
例句:
He always makes spelling mistakes．他总是犯拼写错误。
串记例句:
①Lily was mistaken by her teacher Lucy because Lucy opened the wrong box by mistake. 莉莉被她的老师露西误解了，因为露西错误地打开了盒子。
②I mistook him for his brother. 我把他错认成他哥哥了。
mix (/m ks/ v. (使)混/融/掺合，搅拌；调制/配；交往)
拓展词组:
mix sth. with sth. 把某物与某物混合起来
mix with sth. 与某物相融合
mix up 混淆，弄乱；搅匀
mix ... up with ... 把……和……搞混了
mixed adj. 混合的，混杂的
be mixed with 与…混合在一起
mixture n. 混合，混杂; 混杂的事物
例句:
①He is famous for mixing Chinese musical traditions with western forms and instrumentation.他因把中国的音乐传统和西方的音乐形式和乐器演奏融合在一起而闻名。
②Shake the bottle well so that the oil mixes with the vinegar.充分摇动瓶子使油和醋混合。
③It's common to mix him up with his brother; they're twin brothers.把他同他的弟弟搞混了是常有的事，因为他们是双胞胎。
mood (/mu:d/ n. 心境；情绪；语气；气氛)
拓展词组:
be in the mood for sth．/(to do sth．) 有做某事的心情
change one's mood 转变心情
moody a．不高兴的，忧郁的；喜怒无常的
例句:
I'm not in the mood for reading(to read)我没有心情看书。
辨析: mood 一般用词，表示心理上暂时的、一时的状态，由某种感情或欲望所控制的心情、情绪，也指由于一时的欲望而产生想做某事的心思；temper(性情、情绪)指由一种感情所支配的情绪，即性情、脾气，也指某人解决问题时的心情，特别是动怒的情况；emotion(情绪、情感)指人受到某种刺激，心理上或生理上发生的强烈的激动，如喜、怒、哀、乐等。
串记例句:
①Tom is a moody cat sometimes he is in the mood to do anything sometimes he has no mood to do anything. 汤姆是一只喜怒无常的猫儿，有时他有心情做任何事，有时做什么事都没有心情。
②He was in a bad mood because he had lost his job. 他心情不好，因为他丢了工作。
narrow (/ n r / adj.狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的v.(使)变窄；缩小 )
拓展词组:
(1)narrow minded adj.心胸狭窄的
a narrow escape 死里逃生，险些遇难
a narrow majority/victory/defeat 微弱多数/险胜/勉强击败
(2)narrow down 缩小……的范围
narrow ...to ... 把……局限在……之内
(3)narrowly adv. 勉强地
例句:
①The young man has won the election by a narrow majority.这个年轻人以微弱多数赢得了这次选举。
②The heavy traffic crawled through the narrow tunnel.拥挤的车辆慢吞吞地穿过狭窄的隧道。
③Last year I had a narrow escape, so I don't want to risk my life a second time.去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。
④There are easy ways to narrow down your choice. 有简单的方法来缩小你的选择范围。
necessary (/ nes s ri/ a. 必需的，必要的(同essential)；必然的)
拓展词组:
it is necessary for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是必要的。
it is necessary that…(should) do sth.有必要做某事
be necessary to 对……是必要的
if necessary 若有需要
necessarily ad．必定，必然地，必要地
necessity n. 需要；必然性；必需品
例句:
If necessary , you can contact me at home. 必要的话，我在家时你也可以和我联系。
串记例句:
①It’s necessary for the students to study hard. It is necessary that they should try their best to prepare the college entrance examination, if necessary, they need extra study time. 学生努力学习是很有必要的，他们有必要尽他们最大的努力去学习，如果有必要的话，他们需要额外的学习时间。
②It is not necessary for you to come with me. 你没有必要和我一起去。
12.:
next (/nekst/ a. 最近的，紧挨着的，隔壁的；下一次；ad. 随/然后，下一步；n. 下一个人/物)
拓展词组:
in the next place 其次，第二
next door to 在……隔壁，几乎，近乎，差不多
next to (用于否定词之前) 几乎，差不多；紧挨着
next to impossible 几乎不可能的
例句:
It’s next to impossible to drive in this traffic．在交通这样拥挤的情况下几乎无法驾车行驶。
串记例句:
①Lily is the next student to walk into the room next to the reading rom. 莉莉是下一个进入阅读室旁边房间的学生。
②The next meeting will be held next week. 下次会议将于下周举行。
noise (/n z/ n. 噪声，喧闹声)
拓展词组:
make a noise 喧哗，吵闹
make a noise in the world 名噪一时
make noises 议论纷纷
make a noise about 抱怨
noisy a. 嘈杂的；喧闹的；充满噪音的
noisily ad. 吵闹地；喧喧嚷嚷
例句:
We had to put up with a lot of noise when the children were at home.孩子们在家时,他们吵吵嚷嚷我们也得忍受。
串记例句:
①The children play noisily, I can’t stand the noise so I don’t want to live in this noisy place. 孩子们吵闹地玩着，我不能忍受这些噪音，所以我不想住在这个吵闹的地方。
②The noise of the traffic kept me awake all night. 交通噪音让我整晚都睡不着。
nothing (/ n θ / pron. 没有东西/事情；n. 微不足道的人/事物)
拓展词组:
be nothing to 对……来说无足轻重
for nothing 免费，徒劳，无用地
have nothing to do with 与……无关
make nothing of 轻视，无动于衷，未利用
nothing but……只不过……而已
nothing like 没有什么能比得上；一点也不像
there is nothing like 什么也比不上
to say nothing of 不用说
例句:
①I have nothing particular to do tonight：我今晚没有什么特别要做的事。
②She does nothing but listen to records．她除了听唱片什么也不做。
串记例句:
①I help him for nothing, it has nothing to do with his money, because there is nothing like his kindness。我免费帮助他，这和他的钱没什么关系，因为没什么能比得上他善良。
②There is nothing like a good cup of coffee in the morning. 早上没有什么比一杯好咖啡更棒的了。
配套练习
一、语法填空
We spent the morning ______(measure) the size of the furniture and deciding where it would go.
I’m sorry to have taken your bag instead of mine ______(mistake).
It's nothing like what it ______(use) to be. It has changed completely.
And you can continue to take ______(measure) that strengthen those programs.
A pigeon emerges, wings flapping ______(noise), from the tower.
We must take action to find the ______(miss) tourist in the mountain.
People often mix the actress up ______(actor). She looks manly.
The sad man was sitting alone, not ______(mood) to chat with the others.
As you can see, ______(move) from one iteration to the next is very simple.
Asked about his ______(nation), he said “American”.
二、单句改错
We visited historical and sacred sites, and meet with inspirational leaders.
Don't hesitate to compare notes to us and ask us for information.
These communities are now turn to recycling in large numbers.
Water can not be mix with oil. Oil will float on water.
But experts say this should not stop gardeners from grow food if they take safety measures.
For nature there is some spiritual good and some spiritual bad in everyone.
Would you mind move the cupboard a little for me
It is necessary that he is here with his sick and weak mother by the weekend.
The ladies are talking more noisy than the gentlemen.
We have to look at everything from a international perspective(视野，视角).
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词
If they don’t manage their time well they may ______(错过) on things.
Someone you have liked for some time will ______(注意到) the changes you are making.
One afternoon before a storm I saw ants coming out ______(大量地).
I was going to vote for him, but I ______(改变主意) and voted for Reagan.
What one does in his leisure time may ______(与…无关意) his job.
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子
在现阶段还难以估量这场运动的成败。(It is difficult to)
当你有需要的时候，不管你在那里我都会在那。(in need)
有人给我们作了介绍，我挨着他坐下了。(next to)
我们怎样才能最好地满足各种人的需要呢？(meet the need of)
如果你反对这个决定，你将会失去参与项目的机会。(object to)
参考答案：
一、语法填空
measuring: 现在分词作伴随状语，表示“一边……一边……”。
by mistake: “by mistake”意为“由于疏忽，无意中”。
used: “used to be”表示“过去常常……”。
measures: 名词复数形式，表示“措施”。
noisily: 副词修饰动词“flapping”。
missing: 形容词作定语，表示“失踪的”。
with: “mix A up with B”意为“把A和B弄混”。
in the mood: “be in the mood for”意为“有心情做……”。
moving: 动名词作主语。
nationality: 询问国籍用“nationality”。
二、单句改错
meet → met: 此处应用过去式，表示过去发生的动作。
to → with: “compare notes with sb.”意为“与某人交换意见”。
turn → turning: 现在分词作伴随状语，表示“正在做……”。
mix → mixed: 此处应用被动语态，因为水和油是被混合的。
grow → growing: 动名词作介词宾语。
For → By: “by nature”意为“天生，生来”。
move → moving: Would you mind + doing sth. 表示委婉的请求。
is → be: “It is necessary that...” 引导的主语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should 可以省略。
noisy → noisily: 副词修饰动词“talking”。
a → an: “international” 以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词“an”。
三、根据汉语提示完成句子
miss out: “miss out on sth.”意为“错过某事”。
take notice of: “take notice of sth.”意为“注意到某事”。
in large numbers: “in large numbers”意为“大量地”。
changed my mind: “change one's mind” 意为“改变主意”。
have nothing to do with: “have nothing to do with sth.”意为“与某事无关”。
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子
It is difficult to measure the success of the campaign at this stage.
When you are in need, I will be there wherever you are.
Someone introduced us and I sat next to him.
How can we best meet the needs of all the different groups
If you object to this decision, you will lose the chance to join in the project.高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part twenty-three (词根词缀排序)
1. 词根：pass (通过)
passage (n. 通道)
拓展：passenger (n. 乘客), passer-by (n. 过路人), passport (n. 护照)
例句：
A narrow passage led to a secret room. (一条狭窄的通道通向一间密室。)
The passengers hurried through the passage to catch their connecting flight. (乘客们匆匆穿过通道去赶他们的转机航班。)
pass (v. 通过，经过)
拓展：pass away (去世), pass by (经过), pass down (传下来), pass on (传递), pass out (昏倒), pass through (穿过)
易错点：pass sb sth / pass sth to sb (把某物递给某人)
例句：
Years passed, and he never forgot his childhood friend. (多年过去了，他从未忘记儿时的朋友。)
She passed me a note during class. (她在课上给我递了一张纸条。)
passport (n. 护照)
例句：
He showed his passport to the customs officer. (他向海关官员出示了他的护照。)
Without a valid passport, you cannot travel abroad. (没有有效的护照，你不能出国旅行。)
past (n. 过去，adj. 过去的)
例句：
He often thinks about the past. (他经常想起过去。)
The past cannot be changed. (过去无法改变。)
串记例句：
The passengers with their passports passed through the passage and went past the security check. (拿着护照的乘客们穿过通道，经过了安检。)
As time passed, the old man passed away, but his stories were passed down through generations. (随着时间的推移，老人去世了，但他的故事代代相传。)
2. 词根：peace (和平)
peace (n. 和平)
拓展：at peace (处于和平状态), in peace (和平地), make peace with (与...讲和)
例句：
We all long for world peace. (我们都渴望世界和平。)
The two countries finally made peace after years of war. (这两个国家经过多年的战争终于实现了和平。)
peaceful (adj. 和平的)
例句：
The village was a peaceful place, far from the noise of the city. (这个村庄是一个宁静的地方，远离城市的喧嚣。)
Peaceful protests are a fundamental right. (和平抗议是一项基本权利。)
peacefully (adv. 和平地)
例句：
They lived peacefully together for many years. (他们和平共处了很多年。)
The demonstration ended peacefully. (示威和平结束。)
串记例句：
After years of conflict, the two sides finally agreed to live in peace and settle their differences peacefully. (经过多年的冲突，双方终于同意和平相处，和平解决分歧。)
She found peace in her garden, surrounded by the peaceful sounds of nature. (她在花园里找到了平静，周围是大自然宁静的声音。)
3. 词根：perform (执行)
perform (v. 执行，表演)
拓展：perform one's duty (履行职责), perform an experiment (做实验)
例句：
The actors performed well in the play. (演员们在剧中表演得很好。)
The surgeon performed a delicate operation. (外科医生进行了一次精细的手术。)
performance (n. 表演)
拓展：give/put on a performance (演出)
例句：
The audience enjoyed the performance. (观众们很欣赏这场演出。)
Her performance in the competition was outstanding. (她在比赛中的表现非常出色。)
performer (n. 表演者)
例句：
The performers took a bow at the end of the show. (演出结束时，表演者们鞠躬致谢。)
He is a talented performer who can sing, dance, and act. (他是一位才华横溢的表演者，能歌善舞。)
串记例句：
The performers gave a stunning performance of the classic ballet. (表演者们表演了精彩的经典芭蕾舞剧。)
The athlete trained hard to perform at his best in the Olympics. (运动员刻苦训练，力争在奥运会上发挥最佳水平。)
4. 词根：permit (允许)
permit (v./n. 允许，许可证)
拓展：permit doing sth (允许做某事), permit sb to do sth (允许某人做某事)
例句：
My parents wouldn't permit me to go to the party. (我的父母不允许我去参加聚会。)
You need a permit to fish in this river. (你需要许可证才能在这条河里钓鱼。)
permission (n. 许可)
拓展：ask for sb's permission (征得某人许可), give sb permission to do sth (允许某人做某事), without permission (未经许可)
例句：
She asked permission to leave early. (她请求允许早退。)
He entered the building without permission. (他未经许可进入了大楼。)
串记例句：
I need to get permission from my parents before I can go on the school trip. (我需要得到父母的许可才能参加学校旅行。)
The sign said, "No entry without a permit." (标志上写着：“没有许可证不得入内。”)
5. 词根：person (人)
person (n. 人)
拓展：in person (亲自), in the person of (以...的身份)
例句：
There were five persons present at the meeting. (会议上有五个人出席。)
She's a kind and caring person. (她是一个善良体贴的人。)
personal (adj. 个人的)
例句：
This is my personal opinion. (这是我个人的观点。)
Please keep your personal belongings with you at all times. (请随身携带您的个人物品。)
personality (n. 个性)
例句：
He has a charming personality. (他很有魅力。)
She's known for her strong personality. (她以个性鲜明著称。)
personally (adv. 就个人而言)
例句：
I don't know her personally. (我个人并不认识她。)
Personally, I prefer tea to coffee. (就我个人而言，我更喜欢喝茶而不是咖啡。)
串记例句：
I met the author in person at a book signing. (我在签售会上亲自见到了作者。)
She has a bubbly personality and is always willing to help others personally. (她性格活泼，总是乐于助人。)
6. 词根：persuade (说服)
persuade (v. 说服)
拓展：persuade sb to do sth (说服某人做某事), persuade sb out of doing sth (说服某人放弃做某事)
例句：
He persuaded me to join the team. (他说服我加入团队。)
She tried to persuade him out of quitting his job. (她试图说服他不要辞职。)
persuasion (n. 说服力)
例句：
He used all his powers of persuasion to convince her. (他用尽一切说服力来说服她。)
The advertisement was very persuasive. (这则广告很有说服力。)
persuasive (adj. 有说服力的)
例句：
He presented a persuasive argument. (他提出了一个有说服力的论点。)
She was a persuasive speaker. (她是一位有说服力的演讲者。)
串记例句：
The lawyer's persuasive arguments convinced the jury of his client's innocence. (律师有说服力的论点使陪审团相信他的当事人是无辜的。)
It took a lot of persuasion to get him to change his mind. (费了好大劲才说服他改变主意。)
7. 词根：place (地方)
place (n./v. 地方，放置)
拓展：in place (在适当的位置), in place of (代替), take place (发生)
辨析：put, place, set, lay (放置) - put指放入或移出某处；place指恰当地安放在一定位置；set指把物体竖直地放在某一物上；lay指把物体平放或横放在某物上。
例句：
This is my favorite place in the city. (这是我在城里最喜欢的地方。)
Please place your books on the table. (请把你的书放在桌子上。)
replace (v. 取代)
例句：
He replaced the broken window. (他更换了破损的窗户。)
She will replace me while I'm on vacation. (我休假期间她将接替我的工作。)
串记例句：
He put the book in its place on the shelf. (他把书放在书架上它应该放的地方。)
The new technology will soon replace the old machines. (这项新技术将很快取代旧机器。)
8. 词根：play (玩)
play (v./n. 玩，游戏)
拓展：play a part/role (扮演角色), play at (参加), play down (轻视), play off (进行加时赛), play on (利用), play with (玩弄)
点津：球类名词前不用冠词；下棋、打牌时也不用冠词；弹奏乐器时乐器前要用定冠词。
例句：
The children played in the park. (孩子们在公园里玩耍。)
He played the piano beautifully. (他弹钢琴弹得很好。)
player (n. 选手)
例句：
She is a talented tennis player. (她是一位才华横溢的网球运动员。)
The football players are warming up before the game. (足球运动员们在赛前热身。)
playmate (n. 玩伴)
例句：
She spent the afternoon playing with her playmates. (她整个下午都和玩伴们一起玩。)
He had many playmates when he was a child. (他小时候有很多玩伴。)
playground (n. 运动场)
例句：
The children ran around the playground. (孩子们在操场上跑来跑去。)
The school playground is where we used to play basketball. (学校操场是我们以前打篮球的地方。)
playroom (n. 游戏室)
例句：
The children's playroom was full of toys. (孩子们的游戏室里摆满了玩具。)
They converted the spare room into a playroom. (他们把空房间改成了游戏室。)
串记例句：
The basketball players were practicing on the playground, while their playmates waited for them in the playroom. (篮球运动员们在操场上练习，而他们的玩伴们在游戏室里等着他们。)
She played a key role in the school play, earning praise from her fellow players. (她在学校戏剧中扮演了重要角色，赢得了同伴们的赞赏。)
9. 词根：please (取悦)
please (v. 取悦)
拓展：if you please (请), be pleased with (对...满意)
例句：
Please be quiet. (请安静。)
She was pleased with her birthday present. (她对她的生日礼物很满意。)
pleased (adj. 高兴的)
拓展：be pleased to do sth (乐意做某事)
例句：
I am pleased to meet you. (很高兴见到你。)
He was pleased with his exam results. (他对自己的考试成绩很满意。)
pleasant (adj. 令人愉快的)
例句：
We had a pleasant conversation. (我们进行了一次愉快的谈话。)
The weather was pleasant today. (今天天气很好。)
pleasing (adj. 讨人喜欢的)
例句：
She has a pleasing personality. (她有一个讨人喜欢的性格。)
The music was pleasing to the ear. (音乐悦耳动听。)
pleasure (n. 快乐)
拓展：for pleasure (为了娱乐), It's a pleasure. (很高兴。) , with pleasure (乐意)
例句：
Reading is one of my greatest pleasures. (阅读是我最大的乐趣之一。)
"Thank you for your help." "It's my pleasure." (“谢谢你的帮助。”“不用谢。”)
串记例句：
She was pleased to see her old friend and they spent a pleasant afternoon reminiscing about old times. (她很高兴见到老朋友，他们度过了一个愉快的下午，回忆往事。)
It was a pleasure to meet such a kind and pleasing person. (很高兴认识这么一位善良、讨人喜欢的人。)
10. 词根：point (点)
point (n./v. 点，指向)
拓展：at all points (在各方面), come to the point (说到要点), in point of fact (事实上), make a point of doing sth (坚持做某事), point out (指出), point to (表明), to the point (切中要害)
例句：
He pointed to the picture on the wall. (他指着墙上的画。)
She made a good point about the problem. (她指出了问题的关键点。)
point out (v. 指出)
例句：
The teacher pointed out the mistake in my essay. (老师指出了我文章中的错误。)
I'd like to point out that I wasn't involved in the incident. (我想指出的是，我没有参与这件事。)
串记例句：
He pointed out the main points of the article, making sure everyone understood the key arguments. (他指出了文章的要点，确保每个人都理解了关键论点。)
The speaker came straight to the point and didn't waste any time with unnecessary details. (演讲者直奔主题，没有浪费时间在不必要的细节上。)
11. 词根：politics (政治)
politics (n. 政治)
例句：
He's not interested in politics. (他对政治不感兴趣。)
The country is in a state of political turmoil. (这个国家正处于政治动荡之中。)
political (adj. 政治的)
例句：
She has strong political views. (她有强烈的政治观点。)
The decision was made for political reasons. (这个决定是出于政治原因做出的。)
politician (n. 政治家)
例句：
He is a well-known politician. (他是一位著名的政治家。)
The politician promised to improve the economy. (这位政治家承诺改善经济。)
policy (n. 政策)
例句：
The government's new economic policy has been controversial. (政府的新经济政策引起了争议。)
The company has a strict policy on employee behavior. (公司对员工行为有严格的规定。)
串记例句：
The politician's controversial policies led to a heated debate about the future of the country. (这位政治家备受争议的政策引发了关于国家未来的激烈辩论。)
She studied political science in college and hopes to work for the government one day. (她在大学学习政治学，希望有一天能为政府工作。)
12. 其他词根
pain (n. 疼痛)
拓展：have pains/a pain in… (部位疼), be in pain (在痛苦中), spare no pains (不遗余力), take pains to do sth (尽力做某事)
点津：指精神上的痛苦时为不可数名词；指肉体上的疼痛时，可数、不可数均可；指“辛苦、努力”时，要用复数形式。
例句：
She felt a sharp pain in her back. (她感到背部一阵剧痛。)
He took great pains to ensure the success of the project. (他为确保项目的成功付出了巨大的努力。)
paint (n./v. 油漆，绘画)
拓展：painter (n. 画家), painting (n. 绘画)
例句：
The walls need a fresh coat of paint. (墙壁需要重新粉刷。)
She enjoys painting landscapes in her free time. (她喜欢在业余时间画风景画。)
part (n. 部分)
拓展：in part (部分地), for the most part (在很大程度上), play a part in (在...中起作用), take part in (参加), partly (adv. 部分地), partner (n. 伙伴), part-time (adj. 兼职的)
例句：
He played a major part in the team's success. (他在团队的成功中发挥了重要作用。)
I only partly agree with what you said. (我只部分同意你说的。)
particular (adj. 特别的)
拓展：in particular (特别), be particular about (对...挑剔)
例句：
There was one particular question that I couldn't answer. (有一个特别的问题我答不上来。)
She's very particular about her appearance. (她对自己的外表很挑剔。)
patient (adj. 耐心的, n. 病人)
拓展：be patient with sb (对某人有耐心), be patient of sth (忍受某事), impatient (adj. 不耐烦的), impatience (n. 不耐烦), have the patience to do sth (有耐心做某事)
例句：
The doctor was very patient with the young child. (医生对这个小孩很有耐心。)
She's a patient person who never gets angry. (她是一个很有耐心的人，从不生气。)
pay (v./n. 付款，工资)
拓展：pay back (偿还), pay for (支付), pay off (取得成功), pay a visit to (拜访), pay attention to (注意), payment (n. 付款)
例句：
I need to pay the rent by the end of the month. (我需要在月底之前支付房租。)
He paid a high price for his mistake. (他为自己的错误付出了沉重的代价。)
pick (v. 挑选)
拓展：pick and choose (挑三拣四), pick out (挑选), pick up (拾起), pickpocket (n. 扒手)
例句：
She picked a beautiful flower from the garden. (她从花园里摘了一朵美丽的花。)
He picked up a few words of Spanish while he was on vacation. (他在度假时学了几个西班牙语单词。)
pity (n./v. 怜悯)
拓展：It is a pity that... (遗憾的是...), out of pity (出于同情), take pity on (怜悯), What a pity! (真可惜!), pitiable/pitiful (adj. 可怜的)
辨析：pity, compassion, mercy, sympathy (同情) - pity指内心感到难过或同情；sympathy指“同情心”，强调共同分担；compassion指“同情心”，强调理解并主动给予帮助；mercy指“仁慈”，含有主动救助之义。
例句：
I felt pity for the homeless man. (我同情那个无家可归的人。)
It's a pity you couldn't come to the party. (很遗憾你不能来参加聚会。)
plan (n./v. 计划)
拓展：go according to plan (按计划进行), plan for (为...做计划), plan on (打算), plan out (规划)
辨析：plan, design, project, scheme (计划) - plan指事先作出的程序或安排；project指为进行试验而提出的大胆的计划；design指为达到某一目的而在心中作出的打算；scheme常指精心安排的计划或阴谋。
例句：
We need a plan to solve this problem. (我们需要一个计划来解决这个问题。)
They plan to get married next year. (他们计划明年结婚。)
串记例句：
He planned to pay off his debts as quickly as possible, but his plans were hampered by unexpected expenses. (他计划尽快还清债务，但他的计划因意外支出而受阻。)
She picked out a new dress for the party and planned to have a good time with her friends. (她为派对挑选了一件新衣服，并计划和朋友们玩得开心。)
The politician's plan for economic reform was met with both praise and criticism. (这位政治家提出的经济改革计划既受到了赞扬，也受到了批评。)
He took pity on the stray dog and gave it food and water. (他可怜那只流浪狗，给它食物和水。)
12. 其他词根 (续)
impatient (adj. 不耐烦的)
拓展：be/become impatient of sth (对...不耐烦), impatience (n. 不耐烦)
例句：
He was impatient to get started on the project. (他迫不及待地想开始这个项目。)
She tapped her foot impatiently while she waited. (她焦急地等待着，不停地用脚 tapping 地板。)
impatience (n. 不耐烦)
例句：
Her impatience was evident in her voice. (她的声音中明显透着不耐烦。)
He sighed with impatience. (他不耐烦地叹了口气。)
串记例句：
The child's impatience was understandable, as he had been waiting for his birthday for weeks. (孩子的焦急是可以理解的，因为他已经为自己的生日等待了好几个星期。)
She tried to be patient with him, but his constant complaining was testing her patience. (她试图对他耐心一点，但他不断的抱怨正在考验她的耐心。)
练习：
一、语法填空
The ________ (passage) of time seemed to slow down as she waited for his return.
She ________ (pay) for the groceries with her credit card.
He was a ________ (peace) man who avoided conflict whenever possible.
The children's laughter filled the ________ (play) room.
I'm not ________ (particular) fond of spicy food.
The government implemented a new ________ (policy) to address climate change.
The ________ (perform) of the orchestra was met with thunderous applause.
Could you please ________ (point) me in the direction of the nearest restroom
She took great ________ (pain) to ensure everything was perfect for the party.
He tried to ________ (persuade) her to stay, but she was determined to leave.
二、单句改错
He permitted me to borrow his car for the weekend.
The painting on the wall was painted by a famous artist.
She placed the vase on the table careful.
I haven't seen her since a long time.
He's very particular with his food.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词
警察要求目击者详细描述这个小偷。(give particulars)
他们正在努力与邻国实现和平。(make peace with)
由于天气原因，比赛延期了。(take place)
我想亲自感谢他。(in person)
她对音乐很有天赋，是一位出色的钢琴家。(play)
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子
他试图说服我加入他们的团队。(persuade sb to do sth)
很遗憾你错过了她的表演。(It is a pity that)
我们应该尽一切努力保护环境。(spare no pains)
为了安全起见，请勿触摸展品。(be permitted to)
他对细节非常注重。(be particular about)
参考答案：
一、语法填空
passage: 名词，表示时间的流逝。
paid: pay 的过去式，与句子时态一致。
peaceful: 形容词，表示爱好和平的。
play: 名词，表示游戏或玩耍的场所。
particularly: 副词，修饰 fond，表示“特别地”。
policy: 名词，表示政策。
performance: 名词，表示表演。
point: 动词，表示指向。
pains: 名词，表示努力或辛劳。
persuade: 动词，表示说服。
二、单句改错
正确。
正确。
careful 应该改为 carefully，修饰动词 placed。
a long time 应该改为 a long time ago，表示“很久以前”。
with 应该改为 about，表示“对……挑剔”。
三、根据汉语提示完成句子
The police asked the witness to give particulars about the thief.
They are trying to make peace with their neighboring countries.
The game has been postponed due to the weather. (take place 不适用)
I want to thank him in person.
She has a gift for music and is a wonderful pianist. (play 不适用)
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子
He tried to persuade me to join their team.
It is a pity that you missed her performance.
We should spare no effort to protect the environment. (pains 改为 effort 更合适)
For safety reasons, you are not permitted to touch the exhibits.
He is very particular about details.高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part twenty-two (词根词缀排序)
一．以 -pose, -pon = 放置 为词根的单词
oppose (v.) 反对；抗争
拓展词组：
oppose doing sth. 反对做某事
oppose sb./sb.'s doing sth. 反对某人做某事
be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事
opposition (n.) 反对；反对派；在野党；敌对
易错点： oppose 后面要接名词、代词或动名词，不能直接接动词不定式。
例句：
The residents strongly opposed the construction of the new highway. (居民们强烈反对修建新的高速公路。)
She is opposed to any form of violence. (她反对任何形式的暴力。)
近义词辨析：
object 更强调个人主观上的不喜欢或不同意。
resist 更强调行动上的抵制和反抗。
串记例句：
The opposition party opposed the government's new tax policy, arguing that it would hurt the economy. (反对党反对政府的新税收政策，认为这会损害经济。)
Despite facing strong opposition, she remained determined to pursue her goals. (尽管面临着强烈的反对，她仍然决心追求自己的目标。)
composition (n.) 作文；作品；成分
拓展词组：
write a composition 写作文
musical composition 音乐作品
chemical composition 化学成分
易错点： composition 指的是文章的结构和内容，而 article 指代具体的文章。
例句：
The students were asked to write a composition about their summer vacation. (学生们被要求写一篇关于暑假生活的作文。)
The composition of the atmosphere is about 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. (大气的成分大约是78%的氮气和21%的氧气。)
近义词辨析：
essay 指篇幅较长、结构严谨的文章，通常用于学术写作。
article 指具体的文章，如报纸上的文章、杂志上的文章等。
串记例句：
His latest musical composition received critical acclaim for its originality and beauty. (他最新的音乐作品因其独创性和美感而受到评论界的好评。)
The scientist analyzed the composition of the soil to determine its suitability for agriculture. (科学家分析了土壤的成分，以确定其是否适合农业。)
expose (v.) 暴露；揭露
拓展词组：
expose sb./sth. to sth. 使某人/某物暴露于…
expose the truth 揭露真相
exposure (n.) 暴露；揭露；曝光
易错点： expose 强调的是使隐藏的事物显露出来，而 reveal 强调的是揭示真相或秘密。
例句：
The scandal exposed the corruption within the company. (这桩丑闻揭露了公司内部的腐败。)
Don't expose your skin to the sun for too long. (不要让你的皮肤暴露在阳光下太久。)
近义词辨析：
reveal 揭示真相或秘密，侧重于信息本身的公开。
disclose 公开信息，常用于正式场合。
串记例句：
The journalist risked his life to expose the human rights abuses happening in the country. (这位记者冒着生命危险揭露了该国发生的人权侵犯行为。)
The investigation exposed a complex web of lies and deceit. (调查揭露了一个错综复杂的谎言和欺骗网络。)
impose (v.) 强加；征税；利用
拓展词组：
impose sth. on sb./sth. 将…强加于…
impose a tax on sth. 对…征税
impose on sb. 利用某人
易错点： impose on sb. 意思是“利用某人的善良或弱点”，而不是“强加于某人”。
例句：
The government imposed a curfew on the city after the riots. (骚乱后，政府对这座城市实施了宵禁。)
Don't try to impose your beliefs on others. (不要试图把你的信仰强加于人。)
近义词辨析：
force 强调使用暴力或权力迫使某人做某事。
inflict 指造成痛苦或伤害。
串记例句：
The new regulations imposed a heavy burden on small businesses. (新规定给小企业带来了沉重的负担。)
He felt that she was imposing on his kindness by asking for so much help. (他觉得她要求这么多帮助是在利用他的善良。)
propose (v.) 建议；求婚；打算
拓展词组：
propose to do sth. 建议做某事
propose to sb. 向某人求婚
proposal (n.) 提议；求婚
易错点： propose to do sth. 指的是“建议做某事”，而不是“打算做某事”。
例句：
I propose that we postpone the meeting until next week. (我建议我们把会议推迟到下周。)
He proposed to her on a romantic trip to Paris. (他在巴黎的一次浪漫旅行中向她求婚。)
近义词辨析：
suggest 指提出想法或建议，语气较委婉。
intend 指打算或计划做某事。
串记例句：
The committee proposed several changes to the school curriculum. (委员会建议对学校课程进行几项修改。)
She was overjoyed when he finally proposed. (当他最终求婚时，她欣喜若狂。)
purpose (n.) 目的；意图；决心
拓展词组：
on purpose 故意地
for the purpose of 为了…的目的
purposeful (adj.) 有目的的；果断的
易错点： purpose 是名词，不能用作动词。
例句：
What is the purpose of your visit (你这次访问的目的是什么？)
She came here on purpose to see you. (她是特意来见你的。)
近义词辨析：
aim 指努力想要达到的目标。
intention 指做某事的意图或打算。
串记例句：
He studied with the purpose of becoming a doctor. (他学习的目的是成为一名医生。)
Her every action was purposeful and deliberate. (她的每一个行动都很有目的性，经过深思熟虑。)
expect (v.) 预期；盼望；认为
拓展词组：
expect sb./sth. to do sth. 期望某人/某物做某事
expect that… 预计…; 认为…
expectation (n.) 预期；期望
易错点： expect 强调的是对未来的主观预期，而不是客观上的必然结果。
例句：
I expect you to be on time for the meeting. (我希望你能准时参加会议。)
We expect that the economy will improve next year. (我们预计明年经济将会好转。)
近义词辨析：
anticipate 指预见到未来的事情并做好准备。
assume 指认为某事是理所当然的。
串记例句：
The expectations for the new product were high, but it failed to meet them. (对新产品的期望很高，但它未能达到预期。)
She didn't expect to see him there, so she was quite surprised. (她没想到会在这里见到他，所以她很惊讶。)
inspect (v.) 检查；视察
拓展词组：
inspect sth./sb. 检查某物/某人
inspection (n.) 检查；视察
易错点： inspect 强调仔细查看和审查，而 examine 更强调调查和研究。
例句：
The police inspected the car for any signs of damage. (警察检查了汽车是否有损坏的迹象。)
The health inspector inspected the restaurant's kitchen. (卫生检查员检查了餐馆的厨房。)
近义词辨析：
examine 指对某事进行调查或研究。
check 指简要地查看或核实。
串记例句：
The building inspector found several code violations during his inspection. (建筑检查员在检查过程中发现了几个违反规范的地方。)
The soldiers were ordered to inspect their weapons before the battle. (士兵们被命令在战斗前检查他们的武器。)
respect (n./v.) 尊敬；尊重；遵守
拓展词组：
have respect for sb./sth. 尊敬某人/某物
show respect to sb. 对某人表示尊重
respectful (adj.) 恭敬的；尊重的
易错点： respect 既可以做名词，也可以做动词。
例句：
He has a lot of respect for his teachers. (他非常尊敬他的老师们。)
We should respect the opinions of others, even if we disagree with them. (我们应该尊重别人的意见，即使我们不同意。)
近义词辨析：
admire 指钦佩或赞赏某人的品质或成就。
honor 指对某人表示崇敬或尊敬，常用于正式场合。
串记例句：
She earned the respect of her colleagues through her hard work and dedication. (她凭借自己的努力和奉献精神赢得了同事们的尊重。)
It is important to teach children to respect their elders. (教育孩子尊敬长辈很重要。)
suspect (v./n.) 怀疑；嫌疑犯
拓展词组：
suspect sb./sth. 怀疑某人/某物
suspect that… 怀疑…
suspicious (adj.) 可疑的；怀疑的
易错点： suspect 做动词时，后面可以接名词、代词或 that 从句，但不能直接接动词不定式。
例句：
The police suspect him of being involved in the robbery. (警方怀疑他参与了抢劫。)
I suspect that she is not telling the truth. (我怀疑她没有说实话。)
近义词辨析：
doubt 指对某事的真实性或可能性表示怀疑。
distrust 指不信任某人或某事物。
串记例句：
The suspicious package was examined by the bomb squad. (可疑包裹由拆弹小组进行检查。)
He became a suspect after his fingerprints were found at the crime scene. (他的指纹在犯罪现场被发现后，他成为了嫌疑人。)
contain (v.) 包含；容纳
拓展词组：
contain sth. 包含某物
container (n.) 容器；集装箱
易错点： contain 指某物包含在另一个事物内部，而 include 指包含在整体的一部分。
例句：
The box contained a variety of toys and games. (盒子里装着各种各样的玩具和游戏。)
This report contains all the information you need. (这份报告包含了你所需要的所有信息。)
近义词辨析：
include 包含在整体的一部分。
hold 指容纳或支撑某物。
串记例句：
The library contained thousands of books on every subject imaginable. (图书馆藏有成千上万本关于各种各样主题的书籍。)
The container ship was carrying a cargo of electronic goods. (集装箱船装载着电子产品的货物。)
maintain (v.) 维持；保养；坚持
拓展词组：
maintain sth. 维持某物
maintain that… 坚持认为…
maintenance (n.) 维修；保养
易错点： maintain 强调保持某种状态或情况，而 keep 更强调持续的动作或状态。
例句：
It is important to maintain a healthy diet and exercise regularly. (保持健康的饮食和定期锻炼很重要。)
She maintained her innocence throughout the trial. (在整个审判过程中，她一直坚称自己无罪。)
近义词辨析：
keep 保持某种状态或情况。
preserve 指保护某物使其不受损坏或改变。
串记例句：
The mechanic maintained that the car was in good condition. (机械师坚持认为汽车状况良好。)
Regular maintenance is essential for keeping your car running smoothly. (定期保养对于保持汽车平稳运行至关重要。)
obtain (v.) 获得；得到
拓展词组：
obtain sth. from sb./sth. 从…获得某物
obtainable (adj.) 可得到的；可获得的
易错点： obtain 强调通过努力或手段获得某物，而 get 更通用，指得到或取得某物。
例句：
She obtained a scholarship to study abroad. (她获得了出国留学的奖学金。)
It is difficult to obtain accurate information about the situation. (很难获得有关情况的准确信息。)
近义词辨析：
get 得到或取得某物。
acquire 指通过努力或经验获得知识或技能。
串记例句：
He was able to obtain a loan from the bank to start his own business. (他能够从银行获得贷款来创业。)
The researchers obtained some interesting results from the experiment. (研究人员从实验中获得了一些有趣的结果。)
retain (v.) 保留；保持；聘请
拓展词组：
retain sth. 保留某物
retain one's composure 保持镇定
retain a lawyer 聘请律师
易错点： retain 强调保持或继续拥有某物，而 keep 更通用，指拥有或保管某物。
例句：
He managed to retain his sense of humor despite the difficult situation. (尽管处境艰难，他还是设法保持了幽默感。)
The company retained a consulting firm to advise them on the merger. (公司聘请了一家咨询公司就合并事宜提供建议。)
近义词辨析：
keep 指拥有或保管某物。
preserve 指保护某物使其不受损坏或改变。
串记例句：
She retained all the letters he had written to her. (她保留了他写给她的所有信件。)
The athlete retained his title for the third year in a row. (这位运动员连续第三年蝉联冠军。)
reject (v.) 拒绝；排斥
拓展词组：
reject sth./sb. 拒绝某物/某人
rejection (n.) 拒绝；排斥
易错点： reject 指断然拒绝，而 refuse 指礼貌地拒绝。
例句：
The university rejected his application. (大学拒绝了他的申请。)
She rejected his offer of marriage. (她拒绝了他的求婚。)
近义词辨析：
refuse 礼貌地拒绝。
decline 婉言谢绝。
串记例句：
The manuscript was rejected by several publishers before it was finally accepted. (这份手稿被几家出版社拒绝后，最终被接受了。)
He felt a sense of rejection when his friends didn't invite him to the party. (当他的朋友们没有邀请他参加聚会时，他感到被排斥了。)
object (n./v.) 物体；目标；反对
拓展词组：
object to sth./doing sth. 反对某事/做某事
objection (n.) 异议，反对；缺陷/点；妨碍
objective (n.) 目标； (adj.) 客观的
易错点： object to 后面可以接名词、代词或动名词，但不能直接接动词不定式。
例句：
What is the object of this game (这个游戏的目的是什么？)
I object to your rude behavior. (我反对你粗鲁的行为。)
近义词辨析：
aim 指努力想要达到的目标。
goal 指想要达成的最终目标。
串记例句：
The lawyer raised several objections to the evidence presented in court. (律师对法庭上出示的证据提出了几项异议。)
Our main objective is to increase sales by 20% this year. (我们的主要目标是今年将销售额提高20%。)
project (n./v.) 项目；工程；计划
拓展词组：
work on a project 从事一项工程
project manager 项目经理
projection (n.) 投影；预测
易错点： project 做动词时，既可以指“计划或打算做某事”，也可以指“投射”或“预测”。
例句：
The team is working on a project to develop a new software application. (团队正在开发一个新的软件应用程序项目。)
The movie was projected onto a large screen. (电影被投射到一个大屏幕上。)
近义词辨析：
plan 指详细的行动方案。
scheme 指精心策划的计划，有时含贬义。
串记例句：
The government has launched a new project to improve public transportation. (政府启动了一个改善公共交通的新项目。)
The company's projections for future growth were optimistic. (公司对未来增长的预测很乐观。)
reject (v.) 拒绝；排斥
拓展词组：
reject sth./sb. 拒绝某物/某人
rejection (n.) 拒绝；排斥
易错点： reject 指断然拒绝，而 refuse 指礼貌地拒绝。
例句：
The university rejected his application. (大学拒绝了他的申请。)
She rejected his offer of marriage. (她拒绝了他的求婚。)
近义词辨析：
refuse 礼貌地拒绝。
decline 婉言谢绝。
串记例句：
The manuscript was rejected by several publishers before it was finally accepted. (这份手稿被几家出版社拒绝后，最终被接受了。)
He felt a sense of rejection when his friends didn't invite him to the party. (当他的朋友们没有邀请他参加聚会时，他感到被排斥了。)
accept (v.) 接受；承认
拓展词组：
accept sth./sb. 接受某物/某人
acceptable (adj.) 可接受的
acceptance (n.) 接受；承认
易错点： accept 指同意接受某事物，而 receive 指收到或得到某事物。
例句：
She accepted the job offer. (她接受了这份工作。)
We must learn to accept our differences. (我们必须学会接受彼此的差异。)
近义词辨析：
receive 指收到或得到某事物。
admit 指承认事实或错误。
串记例句：
He was accepted into the prestigious university after years of hard work. (经过多年的努力，他被这所著名大学录取了。)
His acceptance of the award was met with thunderous applause. (他接受奖项时，全场响起了雷鸣般的掌声。)
conceive (v.) 怀孕；构思；设想
拓展词组：
conceive a child 怀孕
conceive an idea 构思一个想法
conceivable (adj.) 可想象的；可能的
易错点： conceive 强调形成想法或概念，而 imagine 更强调想象力或创造力。
例句：
She conceived the idea for her new novel while on vacation. (她在度假时构思了新小说的想法。)
It is difficult to conceive of a world without technology. (很难想象一个没有科技的世界。)
近义词辨析：
imagine 指想象或虚构。
think up 指想出或发明。
串记例句：
The scientist conceived a brilliant experiment to test his theory. (这位科学家构思了一个巧妙的实验来验证他的理论。)
It is conceivable that life exists on other planets. (其他星球上可能存在生命。)
deceive (v.) 欺骗；蒙蔽
拓展词组：
deceive sb. 欺骗某人
deceptive (adj.) 欺骗性的；虚假的
deception (n.) 欺骗；诡计
易错点： deceive 指故意误导或欺骗他人，而 lie 指说谎。
例句：
He deceived his investors by hiding the company's financial problems. (他隐瞒了公司的财务问题，欺骗了投资者。)
Appearances can be deceptive. (外表可能是骗人的。)
近义词辨析：
lie 指说谎。
cheat 指欺骗或作弊。
串记例句：
The magician's illusions were so clever that they deceived even the most skeptical audience members. (魔术师的幻觉是如此巧妙，以至于连最怀疑的观众都被骗了。)
She felt betrayed by his deception. (她被他欺骗的感觉。)
perceive (v.) 察觉；感知；理解
拓展词组：
perceive sth. 察觉到某事
perception (n.) 感知；理解；看法
易错点： perceive 强调通过感官或理解力获得信息，而 see 更强调视觉上的感知。
例句：
I perceived a slight change in his attitude. (我察觉到他态度的轻微变化。)
People perceive the world in different ways. (人们以不同的方式感知世界。)
近义词辨析：
see 指用眼睛看到。
understand 指理解或领会。
串记例句：
Our perception of reality is shaped by our experiences and beliefs. (我们对现实的感知是由我们的经验和信念塑造的。)
The artist's paintings were praised for their ability to make viewers perceive the world in new ways. (这位艺术家的画作因其让观众以新的方式感知世界的能力而受到称赞。)
receive (v.) 收到；接待；遭受
拓展词组：
receive sth./sb. 收到某物/接待某人
reception (n.) 接待；招待会
易错点： receive 指被动地收到某物，而 accept 指主动地接受某物。
例句：
I received your letter yesterday. (我昨天收到了你的信。)
The president received the foreign dignitaries at the White House. (总统在白宫接待了外国政要。)
近义词辨析：
accept 主动地接受某物。
get 得到或取得某物。
串记例句：
The company received numerous complaints about the product. (公司收到了很多关于该产品的投诉。)
She was warmly received by her friends and family when she returned home. (当她回到家时，她的朋友和家人热情地接待了她。)
conclude (v.) 结束；推断；缔结
拓展词组：
conclude sth. 结束某事
conclude that… 得出结论…
conclusion (n.) 结论；结尾
易错点： conclude 指通过推理或思考得出结论，而 finish 指完成某项任务或活动。
例句：
The meeting concluded with a vote on the proposal. (会议以对提案进行表决而结束。)
The scientists concluded that the experiment was a success. (科学家们得出结论，实验是成功的。)
近义词辨析：
finish 指完成某项任务或活动。
end 指达到终点或停止。
串记例句：
The lawyer concluded his closing argument by urging the jury to find the defendant not guilty. (律师在结束辩论时敦促陪审团宣判被告无罪。)
In conclusion, I would like to thank everyone for their support. (最后，我要感谢大家的支持。)
exclude (v.) 排除；拒绝
拓展词组：
exclude sb./sth. from sth. 将…排除在外
exclusive (adj.) 排他的；专有的
exclusion (n.) 排除；排斥
易错点： exclude 指将某人或某物排除在外，而 prevent 指阻止某事发生。
例句：
The club excludes anyone under the age of 18. (该俱乐部禁止18岁以下的人进入。)
He felt excluded from the group because he didn't share their interests. (他觉得自己被这个群体排斥在外，因为他和他们没有共同的兴趣爱好。)
近义词辨析：
prevent 指阻止某事发生。
ban 指禁止或取缔。
串记例句：
The school has a policy of excluding students who cheat on exams. (学校有一项政策，即开除考试作弊的学生。)
The peace talks excluded representatives from the rebel groups. (和平谈判将反叛组织的代表排除在外。)
include (v.) 包括；包含
拓展词组：
include sth./sb. in sth. 将…包括在内
inclusive (adj.) 包括的；包容的
inclusion (n.) 包含；包容
易错点： include 指包含在整体的一部分，而 contain 指某物包含在另一个事物内部。
例句：
The price includes breakfast and dinner. (价格包含早餐和晚餐。)
The team includes people from all over the world. (团队成员来自世界各地。)
近义词辨析：
contain 指某物包含在另一个事物内部。
comprise 指由…组成。
串记例句：
The report included a detailed analysis of the data. (报告包括对数据的详细分析。)
We strive to create an inclusive environment where everyone feels welcome. (我们努力营造一个包容的环境，让每个人都感到受欢迎。)
express (v./a.) 表达；快递的
拓展词组：
express oneself 表达自己
express one's thanks 表达感谢
express delivery 快递
expression (n.) 表达；表情
易错点： express 强调的是清晰地表达想法或感受，而 say 更通用，指说出话语。
例句：
He expressed his concerns about the project. (他表达了对项目的担忧。)
She has a talent for expressing herself through writing. (她有写作表达自己的天赋。)
近义词辨析：
say 指说出话语。
state 指正式或明确地陈述。
串记例句：
The artist used bold colors to express her emotions. (这位艺术家用大胆的色彩来表达她的情感。)
I would like to express my sincere gratitude for your help. (我想表达我真诚的感谢。)
impress (v.) 使印象深刻；盖印
拓展词组：
impress sb. 给某人留下深刻印象
impressive (adj.) 令人印象深刻的
impression (n.) 印象；印记
易错点： impress 指给人留下深刻的正面印象，而 influence 指对某人或某事产生影响，可能是正面或负面的。
例句：
She impressed everyone with her intelligence and wit. (她用她的智慧和机智给每个人都留下了深刻的印象。)
The company's new product made a strong impression on the market. (公司的新产品给市场留下了深刻的印象。)
近义词辨析：
influence 指对某人或某事产生影响，可能是正面或负面的。
affect 指对某人或某事产生影响，通常是负面的。
串记例句：
The speaker's powerful words left a lasting impression on the audience. (演讲者有力的话语给听众留下了深刻的印象。)
He was determined to impress his boss with his hard work. (他决心用他的努力工作给老板留下深刻的印象。)
oppress (v.) 压迫；压制；使烦恼
拓展词组：
oppress sb./sth. 压迫某人/某物
oppressive (adj.) 压迫性的；令人沮丧的
oppression (n.) 压迫；压抑
易错点： oppress 指残酷地对待或压制他人，而 suppress 指压制或控制某种事物。
例句：
The government oppressed its people by denying them basic human rights. (政府剥夺人民的基本人权，压迫人民。)
The oppressive heat made it difficult to breathe. (闷热的天气让人难以呼吸。)
近义词辨析：
suppress 指压制或控制某种事物。
repress 指压制或抑制情绪或想法。
串记例句：
The people rose up in rebellion against their oppressors. (人民起来反抗压迫者。)
The oppressive regime was finally overthrown after years of struggle. (这个压迫政权经过多年的斗争终于被推翻了。)
suppress (v.) 镇压；抑制；隐瞒
拓展词组：
suppress sth. 镇压某事；抑制某事
suppression (n.) 镇压；抑制
易错点： suppress 指压制或控制某种事物，而 oppress 指残酷地对待或压制他人。
例句：
The government suppressed the rebellion with force. (政府用武力镇压了叛乱。)
She tried to suppress her laughter. (她试图忍住笑。)
近义词辨析：
oppress 指残酷地对待或压制他人。
repress 指压制或抑制情绪或想法。
串记例句：
The media was suppressed under the dictatorship. (在独裁统治下，媒体受到压制。)
He suppressed a cough so as not to disturb the speaker. (他忍住咳嗽，以免打扰演讲者。)
admit (v.) 承认；准许进入
拓展词组：
admit sth. 承认某事
admit sb. to sth. 允许某人进入…
admission (n.) 承认；入场费
易错点： admit 指承认事实或错误，而 confess 更强调承认罪行或过错。
例句：
He admitted that he had made a mistake. (他承认自己犯了一个错误。)
She was admitted to the hospital for treatment. (她被送进医院接受治疗。)
近义词辨析：
confess 更强调承认罪行或过错。
acknowledge 指承认或接受事实。
串记例句：
The company admitted that its products were faulty and offered a full refund. (公司承认其产品有缺陷，并提供全额退款。)
Admission to the museum is free for children under 12. (12岁以下儿童免费进入博物馆。)
commit (v.) 犯(错误)；承诺；把…交托给
拓展词组：
commit a crime 犯罪
commit oneself to sth. 承诺做某事
commitment (n.) 承诺；义务
易错点： commit 指做出承诺或采取行动，而 promise 更强调口头上的承诺。
例句：
He committed himself to finishing the project on time. (他承诺按时完成项目。)
The soldiers committed their lives to defending their country. (士兵们将自己的生命奉献给了保卫国家。)
近义词辨析：
promise 更强调口头上的承诺。
pledge 指庄严的承诺或保证。
串记例句：
The company is committed to providing high-quality products and services. (公司致力于提供高质量的产品和服务。)
She made a commitment to volunteer at the local animal shelter. (她承诺在当地的动物收容所做志愿者。)
omit (v.) 省略；遗漏
拓展词组：
omit sth. from sth. 从…中省略某物
omission (n.) 省略；遗漏
易错点： omit 指无意中遗漏或忽略，而 exclude 指故意将某人或某物排除在外。
例句：
I accidentally omitted your name from the list. (我不小心把你的名字从名单上漏掉了。)
The report omitted several important details. (报告遗漏了几个重要的细节。)
近义词辨析：
exclude 指故意将某人或某物排除在外。
leave out 指不包括或遗漏。
串记例句：
He omitted to mention that he had already been offered the job. (他没有提到他已经得到了这份工作。)
The omission of her name from the list was a careless mistake. (她的名字被从名单上漏掉是一个粗心的错误。)
permit (v./n.) 允许；许可证
拓展词组：
permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth. 允许做某事
permission (n.) 许可；允许
易错点： permit 既可以做动词，也可以做名词，表示“许可”或“许可证”。
例句：
The law permits citizens to own guns. (法律允许公民拥有枪支。)
Do you have a permit to park here (你有停车许可证吗？)
近义词辨析：
allow 指允许或准许。
authorize 指给予正式的许可或授权。
串记例句：
The teacher permitted the students to leave early. (老师允许学生们早退。)
You need a permit to fish in this lake. (你需要许可证才能在这个湖里钓鱼。)
submit (v.) 提交；屈服；主张
拓展词组：
submit sth. to sb./sth. 将…提交给…
submit to sth. 屈服于…
submission (n.) 提交；屈服
易错点： submit 指将某物提交给上级或权威机构，而 send 更通用，指发送或寄送某物。
例句：
The students submitted their essays to the teacher. (学生们将论文提交给老师。)
He refused to submit to their demands. (他拒绝屈服于他们的要求。)
近义词辨析：
send 指发送或寄送某物。
yield 指屈服或让步。
串记例句：
The company submitted a bid for the government contract. (公司提交了政府合同的投标书。)
After a long struggle, the rebels finally submitted to the government forces. (经过长期斗争，叛军最终向政府军投降。)
transmit (v.) 传播；传送；遗传
拓展词组：
transmit sth. to sb./sth. 将…传播/传送给…
transmission (n.) 传播；传送；变速器
易错点： transmit 指通过媒介传递信息或能量，而 send 更通用，指发送或寄送某物。
例句：
The radio transmits signals over long distances. (无线电远距离传输信号。)
Some diseases are transmitted through the air. (有些疾病是通过空气传播的。)
近义词辨析：
send 指发送或寄送某物。
communicate 指交流或传递信息。
串记例句：
The virus is transmitted by mosquitoes. (这种病毒是通过蚊子传播的。)
The information was transmitted electronically. (信息是通过电子方式传输的。)
observe (v.) 观察/测；觉察到；遵守，奉行；庆祝
拓展词组：
observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事(全过程)
observe sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事
observation (n.) 观察；监视；观察报告
observatory (n.) 天文台；气象台；瞭望台
易错点： observe 指仔细观察并注意到细节，而 see 更强调视觉上的感知。
例句：
The scientists observed the behavior of the animals in their natural habitat. (科学家们观察了动物在其自然栖息地的行为。)
We observed a group of tourists taking photos in front of the building. (我们看到一群游客在大楼前拍照。)
近义词辨析：
see 指用眼睛看到。
watch 指注视或观看。
串记例句：
Astronomers use telescopes to observe distant galaxies. (天文学家使用望远镜观察遥远的星系。)
The holiday is observed on the first Monday of September. (这个节日在九月的第一个星期一庆祝。)
occasion (n.) 场合；时机；理由；机会；盛大场面 vt. 引起；致使
拓展词组：
on occasion(s) 有时
on the occasion of 值…以之际
occasional (adj.) 偶然的；非经常的；有时的
occasionally (adv.) 偶然地；有时地；偶尔
易错点： occasion 指特定的时间或事件，而 opportunity 指有利的时机或机会。
例句：
I have met him on several occasions. (我见过他几次。)
On the occasion of his birthday, we gave him a party. (在他生日之际，我们为他举办了一个派对。)
近义词辨析：
opportunity 指有利的时机或机会。
event 指发生的事件或活动。
串记例句：
He occasionally visits his hometown to see his family. (他偶尔会回老家看望家人。)
This is a special occasion that calls for a celebration. (这是一个值得庆祝的特殊时刻。)
练习
一、词汇填空
根据句子意思，从所给单词的正确形式填空。
单词列表: observe, occasion, operate, organize, origin, other, owe, own, pace, pack
The scientist carefully _______ the behavior of the chimpanzees in the wild.
He has a(n) _______ collection of rare stamps.
They _______ their success to hard work and determination.
We should keep _______ with the times and embrace new technologies.
The company is well-organized, with clear lines of _______ and responsibility.
The _______ of the universe is still a mystery to scientists.
On the _______ of her graduation, we gave her a gift to congratulate her.
He was carrying a heavy backpack _______ with supplies for the camping trip.
We need to consider the opinions of _______ stakeholders before making a decision.
The machine is not _______ properly. We need to call a technician.
二、完成句子
根据汉语意思，用单词的正确形式完成句子。
单词列表: oppose, composition, expose, impose, propose
许多人 _______ （反对）政府提高税收的计划。
这篇 _______ （作文）写得很好，结构清晰，论点有力。
不要把你的皮肤 _______ （暴露）在阳光下太久。
他 _______ （建议）我们去海边度假。
学校不应该 _______ （强加）太多作业给学生。
三、单句改错每句中有一处错误，请指出并改正。
单词列表: expect, inspect, respect, suspect, contain
I expect to see you at the party tonight.
The police inspected the house for clues.
We should respect to the elderly.
I suspect that he is telling the truth.
The box contains with old toys and books.
四、翻译句子
将下列句子翻译成英语。
单词列表: maintain, obtain, retain, reject, project
他努力保持镇静。
她申请了几所大学，但都被拒绝了。
这个项目预计将于明年完成。
他从图书馆获得了大量信息。
我们需要保留所有重要文件。
五、近义词辨析（共5小题，每小题4分，共20分）
选择最合适的单词填空。
单词列表： conclude, exclude, include, express, impress
The price of the tour _______ (includes / contains) meals and accommodation.
She was _______ (impressed / influenced) by his confidence and charisma.
The school has a policy of _______ (excluding / preventing) students who bully others.
He struggled to _______ (express / say) his feelings.
After reviewing all the evidence, the jury _______ (concluded / finished) that the defendant was guilty.
参考答案：
一、词汇填空
observed
own
owe
pace
organization
origin
occasion
packed
other
operating
二、完成句子
opposed
composition
exposed
proposed
impose
三、单句改错
expect → expecting
正确
respect to → respect
suspect → doubt
contains with → contains
四、翻译句子
He tried to maintain his composure.
She applied to several universities, but she was rejected by all of them.
The project is projected to be completed next year.
He obtained a lot of information from the library.
We need to retain all the important documents.
五、近义词辨析
includes
impressed
excluding
express
concluded

展开更多......

收起↑