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高中语法专练： 倒装
定义：英语的基本语序是“主语+谓语”。如果将谓语的全部或一部分提到主语之前，这种语序叫“倒装”。倒装的原因一是为了语法结构的需要；二是为了强调。
完全倒装：标志词+谓语+主语
在以here, there, up , down , in , out , now, then,away，off等表示时间、方位的副词开头的句子里，主语是名词时，句子倒装以示强调,但主语是代词时，主谓不倒装。如：
1) Look ! The bus comes there.
______________________. .
2) The bell goes there.
______________________. .
3) The teacher went away .
______________________.
4) The boys rushed out.
______________________.
5) It is here.
_____________________.
6) He went away.
_____________________.
介词短语作地点状语或作表语放在句首时，为保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，或强调表语或状语。如：
7) A temple stands on the top of the mountain .
___________________________________.
8) A lot of trees are in front of the house .
________________________________.
二．部分到装：
Only 和它所修饰的状语位于句首时，句子部分倒装。如：
9) I heard of it only then .
__________________.
10) We can learn it well only in this way .
__________________________.
11) He left only when I came back .
_________________________.
12) Only you can do it well .
____________________.
具有否定意义的副词或连词位于句首时，( hardly , never , not , not only , seldom ,no sooner----than , not----until , etc ) 句子部分倒装。如：
13) I have never seen the film before .
Never _________________________.
14) I seldom went to school late .
Seldom ___________________.
15) I didn’t go to bed until 9 .
Not ____________________.
16) The people didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the lake .
Not until _________________________________________________.
17) I had hardly arrived at the cinema when the film began .
Hardly __________________________________________.
18) I had no sooner got to the station than the train left .
No sooner ____________________________________.
19) They not only broadcast the news at once but also they were very excited .
Not only _______________________________________________.
so( neither , nor ) 位于句首时，表示前面( 否定 )的情况也适用于另一人或物时。如：
20) I didn’t come last night ,and ________(Tom 也如此） .
21)--- He does well in the exam .
---- ______ and ______ . ( 的确是，你也一样)
22) His mother is a worker and works hard .
It’s the same with my mother . / So it is with my mother.
so … that或者such…that 句型的so 或such放在句首时。如：
23) He was so excited that he couldn’t say anything .
So _______________________________________.
以as/though 引导的让步状语从句(名/形/副/动，名不带冠词，动必带情/助），结构为名/形/副/动+as+其它. 如：
24) Though he is a child ,he can speak English very well .
__________________________________________.
25)Though he is young, he can speak English very well.
___________________________________________.
26) Though they worked hard, they failed .
___________________________________.
27) Though he tried, he failed.
_____________________________________.
在虚拟语气中，条件句的if 如果省掉，应把were . should , had 提到主语的前面，如：
28) If I were you , I would go with him .
________________________________.
29) If he had worked harder , he would have passed .
_________________________________________.
30) If he should come tomorrow , we could finish it on time .
_________________________________________________.
答案：
Look! There comes the bus!
There goes the bell.
Away went the teacher.
Out rushed the boy.
Here it is.
Away he went.
On the top of the mountain stands a temple.
In front of the house are a lot of trees.
Only then did I hear of it.
Only in this way can we learn it well.
Only when I came back did he leave.
Only you can do it well.
Never have I seen the film before.
Seldom did I go to school late.
Not until 9 did I go to bed.
not until all the fish died in the lake did the people realize how serious the pollution was.
Hardly when the film began had I arrived at the cinema.
No sooner had I got to the station than the train left.
Not only did they broadcast the news at once but also they were very excited..
nor did Tom
So he does and so do you
无
So excited was he that he couldn’t say anything.
Child as he is , he can speak English very well .
Young as he is , he can speak English very well.
Hard as he worked, they failed .
Try as he might/did, he failed.
Were I you , I would go with him .
29) had he worked harder , he would have passed .
30) should he come tomorrow , we could finish it on time .

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