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时文阅读精读学习Day 1
Turn on a light outside at night, and it won’t be long before lots of insects start gathering around it. This behavior has led to a popular comparison for attraction, “like a moth to a flame（飞蛾扑火）.” However, according to a new study published in the journal Nature Communications, it turns out that insects aren’t “attracted” to artificial lights, but rather confused by it.
The new finding is based on a theory about insect orientation（定位）. Due to their small and lightweight bodies, insects experience less air resistance, allowing them to achieve higher accelerations（加速度）, which in turn makes it challenging for them to sense up and down during flight. So, they typically rely on stable light sources like the moon and stars to orient themselves at night, keeping the sky at their backs to stay upright. However, the introduction of artificial lights confuses their natural sense of direction. The insects you see circling street lights, in other words, are probably lost.
To reach these conclusions, scientists used high-resolution cameras to film insects flying around artificial lights in Costa Rica. They also attached tiny sensors to insects and filmed motion-capture videos of them in flight. In this way, researchers are able to slow down the insects’ pace and study their movements in greater detail. The videos showed insects turning their backs toward sources of artificial light — even at the price of flipping over or crashing.
This can be dangerous for insects, as circling around artificial lights can put them at risk from enemies, exhaustion, and starvation, causing many to die before morning. Night artificial light is a major cause of insect population loss, which could severely impact crop pollination and food supplies for larger animals, including humans. “Insects have been flying around for 370 million years, and it’s just in the last 150 years that it’s really gone wrong for them,” says entomologist Samuel Fabian of Imperial College London. “If we don’t want to influence large amounts of insect populations, we should not have lights shining up into the sky.”
阅读文章，找到以下短语的英文表达。
聚集在...周围__________________ 2. 一个受欢迎的比喻 ________________
3. 人造光源______________ 4. 被...迷惑____________ 5. 空气阻力 _____________
上上下下 ____________ 7. 稳定的光源____________ 8. 指引方向____________
高分辨度相机________________
把微小的感应器附着在...上____________________ 11. 更加详细地_______________
12. 以...为代价________________
把...置于风险之中______________ 14. 严重影响_________________
15. 庄稼授粉和食物供应 ________________
长难句分析和翻译。
Due to their small and lightweight bodies, insects experience less air resistance, allowing them to achieve higher accelerations（加速度）, which in turn makes it challenging for them to sense up and down during flight.
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Night artificial light is a major cause of insect population loss, which could severely impact crop pollination and food supplies for larger animals, including humans.
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文章结构分析——完成下面的思维导图（一空一词）
Para.1 Describe a _________ lots of insect ________ _______ a light at night to
Present the research ________ insects were ________ by the light
Para.2 The __________ basis of the new findings:insect _________.
Para.3 The research _________.
Para.4 The serious direct results of moths circling the light:
Being caught by __________;
Dying from __________ or ___________;
The indirect results of moths circling the light: _________ crop pollination and food supplies for larger animals, including humans.
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