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门头沟区2024年初三年级综合练习（一）
英语
2024.4
考生须知
1. 本试卷共10页，共两部分，共38题，满分60分，考试时间90分钟。
2. 在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4. 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5. 考试结束，请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。
第一部分
本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My brother Tony got the first prize in a photo competition. I am proud of ________.
A. her B. him C. us D. them
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我的兄弟托尼在一场摄影比赛中获得了一等奖。我为他感到自豪。
考查代词辨析。her她，宾格形式；him他，宾格形式；us我们，宾格形式；them他们，宾格形式。be proud of 对……感到骄傲，of后面接人称代词宾格，根据句意，我的兄弟是男性，应用“他”。故选B。
2. We’ll visit the Capital Museum ________ Friday.
A. at B. in C. on D. to
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：星期五我们将参观首都博物馆。
考查介词辨析。at在……时刻，常用于具体的时间点前；in在……期间，常用于年份、月份或季节前；on在……之时，常用于星期或具体的某一天前；to到。根据“We’ll visit the Capital Museum…Friday.”可知，此处指的是在星期五，应用on。故选C。
3. —________ I finish the work before 3:00 pm today
—No, you needn’t. You can finish it tomorrow morning.
A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Will
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我必须在今天下午3点前完成工作吗？——不，你不需要。你可以明天早上完成。
考查情态动词辨析。Must必须；Need需要；Can可以；Will将要。根据答语“No, you needn’t.”可知，不，你不需要，此处应用Must提问。故选A。
4. It’s cold today. Wear your warm clothes ________ you may catch a cold.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：今天很冷。穿上暖和的衣服，否则你会感冒的。
考查并列连词辨析。and并且；but但是；so因此；or否则，不然。根据“you may catch a cold”可知，要穿上暖和的衣服，否则会感冒，用or连接。故选D。
5. —________ shall we meet tomorrow
— At 7:30 in the morning.
A. When B. What C. Where D. Who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——明天我们什么时候见面？——早晨7点半。
考查特殊疑问句。when何时；what什么；where哪里；who谁。根据回答“At 7:30 in the morning.”可知对时间提问，用when引导的特殊疑问句。故选A。
6. By changing my learning methods, remembering English words is becoming ________ than before.
A. easy B. easier C. easiest D. the easiest
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：通过改变我的学习方法，记英语单词变得比以前更容易。
考查形容词的比较级。根据“than before”可知此处用形容词的比较级，表示记英语单词变得比以前更容易。故选B。
7. If you keep working hard, you ________ your dream sooner or later.
A. realize B. realized C. will realize D. have realized
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果你一直努力工作，你早晚会实现你的梦想。
考查时态。此句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时“will do”。故选C。
8. — Amy, what were you doing at 8:00 yesterday evening
— I ________ my sister with her homework.
A. helped B. am helping C. was helping D. have helped
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——艾米，昨晚8点时你在做什么呢？——我当时正在帮助我妹妹做她的作业。
考查过去进行时。根据“at 8:00 yesterday evening”可知，指过去某个时刻正在发生的事情，句子应用过去进行时，其谓语结构为：was/were+现在分词。故选C。
9. China ________ 18 astronauts into space since 2003.
A. sends B. sent C. will send D. has sent
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：自2003年以来中国已经将18位宇航员送到了太空。
考查时态。根据“since 2003”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是China，助动词用has。故选D。
10. Yesterday I ________ a difficult task and felt a great sense of achievement.
A. complete B. completed C. will complete D. have completed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：昨天我完成了一项困难的任务并且感受到了极大的成就感。
考查时态。根据“Yesterday”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选B。
11. Nowadays, a kind of new information technology ________ in learning.
A. uses B. used C. is used D. was used
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：如今，一种新的信息技术被用于学习。
考查被动语态。动词use和主语“一种新的信息技术”之间是被动关系，结合“Nowadays”可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。
12. — Can you tell me ________
— Because he always gives me the support I need.
A. why you trust your dad B. why do you trust your dad
C. when you trust your dad D. when do you trust your dad
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你为什么相信你爸爸吗？——因为他总是给我需要的支持。
考查宾语从句宾语从句用陈述语序，排除BD；根据“Because...”可知，应用why引导宾语从句，故选A。
二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
The Melody Within
Ethan was crazy about playing the guitar. He always lost himself in the melodies he created.
One day, Ethan got to know the village he lived in was hosting a talent show, and he ____13____ to participate. However, doubts started to creep (缓慢行进) into his mind. He compared himself to other talented musicians and began to ____14____ his abilities. The fear of failure consumed (消耗) him.
Ethan’s grandfather noticed that. He sat down with Ethan and shared a story from his own youth.
“When I was your age, I had a dream of becoming a painter. But I was filled with self-doubt, just like you are now. Later, I asked for help from a wise old artist.”
“The old artist listened to my worries and made me ____15____ myself. He asked me to paint a picture on a large canvas (油布) in front of a crowd. I hesitated (犹豫) because I didn’t know how to deal with it.”
“The wise artist smiled and said, ‘Don’t focus on what others might think. Instead, paint from your heart. The beauty lies not in perfection, but in the authenticity (真实性) of your work.’”
“Encouraged by these words, I accepted the challenge. I painted with passion (激情), letting my ____16____ guide my brush. The crowd watched in shock as a beautiful masterpiece appeared on the canvas.”
Finishing the story, Ethan’s grandfather said, “That day, I realized that success is not defined (定义) by how ____17____ we are or how we compare to others. It’s about expressing ourselves with passion and authenticity.”
Inspired by his grandfather’s story, Ethan decided to give the talent show his all. He practiced ____18____ and poured (倾注) his heart into every note. When the day of the talent show arrived, Ethan stepped on the stage, and began to play his guitar. Ethan’s fingers danced on the strings, creating melodies that touched the hearts of the audience. At that moment, he realized that his self-doubts had held him back, but now he was ____19____.
Ethan didn’t win the talent show, but he felt like a winner deep inside.
Ethan continued to play his guitar with passion inspiring others with his music and reminding everyone that the true ____20____ lies in the journey itself.
13
A. decided B. failed C. pretended D. managed
14.
A. improve B. get C. lose D. question
15.
A. challenge B. enjoy C. introduce D. respect
16.
A. actions B. trusts C. emotions D. patience
17.
A. kind B. careful C. regretful D. perfect
18.
A. secretly B. tirelessly C. quietly D. carelessly
19.
A. wise B. free C. satisfied D. confused
20.
A. heart B. hope C. reward D. dream
【答案】13. A 14. D 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. B 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了热爱吉他的Ethan决定参加才艺比赛，却因自我怀疑和害怕失败而郁郁寡欢。爷爷得知Ethan的烦恼之后用自己年轻时的故事激励Ethan，也使他懂得成功不在于完美，而在于激情、真诚地表达自我。
【13题详解】
句意：有一天，Ethan得知他所居住的村庄将举办一场才艺比赛，他决定参加。
decided决定；failed失败；pretended假装；managed管理。根据“the village he lived in was hosting a talent show”可知，他所居住的村庄将举办一场才艺比赛，Ethan决定参加。故选A。
【14题详解】
句意：他比较了自己和其他的天才音乐家，开始怀疑自己的能力。
improve改进；get得到；lose失去；question怀疑，质问。根据“doubts started to creep (缓慢行进) into his mind”可知，疑惑开始在他脑海中蔓延，此处question his abilities“怀疑他的能力”符合语境。故选D。
【15题详解】
句意：那位老艺术家听了我的焦虑之后让我挑战自己。
challenge挑战；enjoy享受；introduce介绍；respect尊敬。根据“He asked me to paint a picture on a large canvas (油布) in front of a crowd.”可知，老艺术家让爷爷在众人面前作画，这对爷爷来说是一个巨大的挑战。challenge“挑战”符合语境。故选A。
【16题详解】
句意：我充满激情地画画，让我的情感指引我的画笔。
actions行为；trusts信任；emotions情感，激情；patience耐心。根据“I painted with passion (激情)”可知，爷爷充满激情地作画，emotions“激情”符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：那一天，我意识到成功不是取决于我们有多完美，或者我们比起他人怎么样。
kind友好的；careful小心的；regretful后悔的；perfect完美的。根据前文“The beauty lies not in perfection”可知，智慧的老艺术家告诉Ethan的爷爷“成功不在于完美”，此处perfect“完美的”符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：他不知疲倦地练习，全心投入到每一个音符之中。
secretly秘密地；tirelessly不知疲倦地；quietly安静地；carelessly粗心地。根据“Ethan decided to give the talent show his all”可知，Ethan决定全力以赴为才艺比赛做准备，此处tirelessly“不知疲倦地”符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：在那一刻，他意识到自己从前的自我怀疑束缚了他，但那一刻他解脱了。
wise明智的；free自由的；satisfied满意的；confused困惑的。根据前文“his self-doubts had held him back”可知，他从前的自我怀疑束缚了自己，此处应是“从束缚中挣脱，自由了”。故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：Ethan继续充满激情地弹奏他的吉他，用他的音乐鼓舞他人并提醒每个人生命真正的回馈在于享受过程本身。
heart心；hope希望；reward回报；dream梦想。根据“Ethan didn’t win the talent show, but he felt like a winner deep inside.”可知，虽然Ethan最终并没有赢得比赛，但参与的过程让他觉得自己就是冠军，令他心满意足，这是弹吉他的过程带给他的回馈。故选C。
三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）
A
阅读下列TED演讲视频简介，请根据人物喜好、特点与需求匹配适合的TED演讲视频，并将其所对应的 A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。
___21___ Lingling I love music! I often listen to songs after class, but sometimes I feel lost. What can I do ___22___Daming I’m doing a project on how to recycle the unrecyclable. I think the problem is too hard to solve. ___23___ Tony I often make mistakes. I hope to learn from them and make myself better. A. How I Found Myself Through Music Anika Paulson understands the world and herself through music. In this talk, she plays beautiful melodies on the guitar while talking about how music encourages people. Everything is music and “If you ever feel lost, stop and listen for your song” she explains. If you have a few musicians in your class or even just some kids who love to listen to music, they’ll love this feel-good talk! B. A Plan to Recycle the Unrecyclable Styrofoam (聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料) takes 500 years or more to reduce and ends up on beaches and in landfills as it’s too expensive to recycle. Do you think this is a problem too hard to solve Well, think again! Watch and see how the amazing 14-year-old Ashton Cofer and his science fair team discovered how to break down and reuse Styrofoam. C. Meet a Young Cartoonist, Designer… This kid can do it all! Maya Penn thought and felt deeply about the world and her responsibilities towards it from a super young age. She started her own fashion line at the age of 8 and has gone on to do even more! This talk shows your learners the power of staying true to their values. D. How to Learn from Your Mistakes It’s easy to say that we need to learn from our mistakes, but it’s not always so easy to put this into practice. Explore this with your students by showing them this TED-Ed talk explains why it’s sometimes so hard to see the learning moments in failure and what we can do about it.
【答案】21. A 22. B
23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个TED演讲视频的主要内容，以及三个人物的需求。
【21题详解】
根据“I often listen to songs after class, but sometimes I feel lost.”可知，玲玲想要观看有关音乐的视频，选项A“我是如何通过音乐找到自己的”与之匹配。故选A。
【22题详解】
根据“I’m doing a project on how to recycle the unrecyclable.”可知大明在做回收不可回收物的项目，选项B“回收不可回收物的计划”与之匹配。故选B。
【23题详解】
根据“I hope to learn from them and make myself better.”可知，托尼想要从错误中学习并使自己变得更好，选项D“如何从错误中学习”与之匹配。故选D。
B
MVP
When Brandon had the ball I was open. But he passed it to Cole. Cole had a great turn-around jump shot, but I was a good shot, too. In fact, we each had six points so far. But Cole was more popular, and the team fed him the ball. I must outscore Cole because I wanted to be the MVP—most valuable player.
Later, Jeff stole the ball from the Kings and passed it to me. I saw Cole running toward the basket, but no one was guarding me either. I threw the ball into the basket.
Cole slapped (拍) my hand. “Good shot, Derek.” I just smiled. Then Cole got the ball. He passed it to me and ran under the basket. I ignored (忽视) him and shot, but I failed.
“Cole was open,” said Jeff.
“So was I,” I muttered (嘟囔). But I felt upset inside.
“Hey, it’s no big deal,” said Cole. “We’re all trying to win this game. We’re a team.”
It happened fast. Cole was on the floor holding his ankle (脚踝). Coach Sanchez was there in a second and helped him to the bench. I felt my heart hammer (敲击) in my ears. Now I was going to be the MVP without a doubt.
Everything didn’t look good. Every time I took the ball, two Kings players were guarding me instead of one. The Kings believed that with Cole gone, they could shut me down and win. Cole had helped divide their attention before. I’d never thought about how much that helped me.
Now we were down by one, but time was running out. All of a sudden, more than anything, I wanted our team to take home the trophy (奖杯). I took the ball down the court and passed it to Brandon. He caught it and and hesitated. “Shoot!” I shouted. He caught it and let it fly—right into the basket. We won!
We were all jumping around when I saw Cole on the bench.
“Hey,” I said. “Great game.”
“You, too,” said Cole, slapping my back. “Great idea to pass it to Brandon. Congratulations on getting MVP.”
I’d been waiting a long time to hear those words, but they didn’t seem so important now. “Thanks,” I said. “It was a team effort.”
And I finally understood just what that meant.
24. At first, Derek wanted to be ________.
A. the most valuable player B. the greatest guard
C. the most popular coach D. the best team leader
25. Derek helped the team win the game by ________.
A. throwing the ball into the basket B. helping Cole to the bench
C. giving the ball to Brandon D. making Cole hurt his ankle
26. Finally, Derek thought ________ was more important.
A. having fun B. working together C. being the MVP D. making friends
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲的是作者在打球过程中，通过和同伴的合作，最后成为最有价值的球员的事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“I must outscore Cole because I wanted to be the MVP—most valuable player.”可知，起初，Derek想成为最有价值的球员。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第九段中“I took the ball down the court and passed it to Brandon. He caught it and and hesitated. ‘Shoot!’ I shouted. He caught it and let it fly—right into the basket. We won!”可知，Derek把球传给Brandon，帮助球队赢得了比赛。故选C。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第十三段中“It was a team effort.”可知，最后，Derek认为合作更重要。故选B。
C
Some of us like to keep some things private—maybe we don’t want people to know about our relationship status (状况), our age or where we live—because these details are personal. The problem is, everywhere we go online, we seem to leave a “digital footprint”.
On our social media accounts (账户), we often show things like our opinions, connections and holiday photos. The matter is, how do we stop everybody seeing everything Maybe we don’t want a stranger knowing our favourite type of coffee. And cookies—there was a time they were just something nice to eat. Now they seem to appear on websites. So how can you stay more private
There are some steps you can take. First, on your social media accounts, check your privacy settings. Many social media platforms automatically (自动地) show everything to everyone unless you change the settings, so it’s up to you to decide what other people can see. And limiting how much information you share isn’t just something you should do on social media. There are many sites out there that help you to share documents, so a good tip may be to not put anything too private, like passwords, on there. One wrong click (点击) may send it to the wrong person.
Finally, cookies are designed to improve your browsing (浏览) experience by tracking (追踪) and saving information about your visits to a site, helping to personalize your time on these sites. Erasing your browsing history may help, but there are certain apps which can block them if you don’t feel comfortable.
So, if you want to keep your privacy online, maybe only share things you’d be happy with a stranger seeing—and if you don’t feel comfortable with cookies, you might decide to use some tech to block them. If that’s not enough, just don’t accept them and visit another site—and why not have a yummy cookie to eat instead
27. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a “digital footprint”
A. A paper book. B. A holiday photo. C. A personal opinion. D. A home address.
28. What can we learn from the passage
A. Visitors can help you to share documents online.
B. Cookies can track users’ behavior on the sites.
C. It’s impossible to stop everybody seeing everything.
D. Some tech can stop strangers erasing your footprints.
29. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A. To explain the importance of online privacy. B. To tell people how to protect privacy online.
C. To warn people against the social media. D. To encourage people to share ideas online.
【答案】27. A 28. B 29. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些在网络社会保护隐私的具体做法。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The problem is, everywhere we go online, we seem to leave a ‘digital footprint’.”可知上网才会留下数字足迹，一本纸质书并不是在网络上留下的痕迹，与“数字足迹”无关。故选A。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“cookies are designed to improve your browsing experience by tracking and saving information about your visits to a site.”可知，cookies被设计用来通过追踪和保存你访问某个站点的信息来改善你的浏览体验，与B项“Cookies可以跟踪用户在网站上的行为”一致。故选B。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。全文详细介绍了如何在社交媒体上检查隐私设置、避免在共享文档时泄露私人信息，以及如何使用技术来阻止cookies追踪，这些都是为了保护在线隐私的建议，与B项“告诉人们如何在网上保护隐私”表述一致。故选B。
D
What is your understanding of self-control How do you think it works Do you think your self-control ability is limited or unlimited Do you believe that after a long day you run out of energy, and you need to rest to get it refueled (补充燃料) If this is the case, then you have a limited theory (理论) of self-control.
Do you think that challenging activities don’t easily lose your energy In that case you have a non-limited theory.
In an experiment, researchers divided students into two groups based on their self-control theory and followed them during a term. Outside the exam period, there were no differences between the two groups. However, when requirements were high, students with a limited theory procrastinated (拖延) more, achieved a lower GPA (grade-point average) and ate more unhealthy food.
Theories about self-control become a self-fulfilling prediction. If you think that self-control is limited, then you will give in to temptations (诱惑) more easily and find it harder to realize your goals. On the other hand, if you have a non-limited theory, you will be more successful with your goals.
Interestingly, both ‘non-limited’ and ‘limited’ theorists feel just as tired immediately after exercising self-control. However, ‘non-limited’ theorists don’t take their feelings as a sign that they have depleted a limited resource and need to rest. In fact, they believe that a day full of challenging tasks ‘activates’ their self-control skills, which leaves them refreshed and more willing to make effort the next day.
It seems that there’s a clear benefit to having the ‘right’ beliefs about self-control. How can you change your self-control theory
If you’re willing towards a ‘limited’ theory, we suggest that you try to persuade yourself or a friend that if they use effortless strategies, then self-control is not easily run out. Researchers have managed to experimentally control students’ self-control theories.
There’s another, probably more powerful way to change your self-control theory. In a series of experiments, researchers asked participants to do an easy (e.g. keeping a diary) or a difficult (e.g. not eating sweets) task for 2 weeks. Before and after this period, they measured their self-control theories and self-control strength. Interestingly, the participants who did the more effortful task changed their beliefs toward the ‘limited’ theory by the end of the experiment. As a result, they made less effort in the final self-control task.
This study shows that when we experience a lot of effort, it may act as a signal telling us that our self-control ability is limited. This in turn makes it more difficult for us to exercise self-control in the future. Therefore, if you use the more effortless strategies, you can automatically shape your self-control theory to be more non-limited, naturally improving your self-control.
30. If you believe your self-control ability is unlimited, you’ll feel ________.
A. calm after the experiments B. satisfied after long-distance race
C. confused by self-control activities D. energetic after self-control tasks
31. In the first experiment, the writer wants to tell us ________.
A. the two groups of students got the same scores in the experiments
B. beliefs about self-control changed the ability to avoid temptations
C. students with a limited theory achieved more confidence and trusts
D. students with a non-limited theory easily succeeded in the experiment
32. The word “depleted” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. created B. saved C. collected D. emptied
33. The writer may agree that ________.
A. you can change your beliefs to become more unlimited
B. there’s a clear benefit to improve your skills and abilities
C. you can use the effortless strategies to realize your goals
D. you should persuade yourself to change the learning strategies
【答案】30. D 31. B 32. D 33. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了什么是自我控制能力以及它是有限的还是无限的。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“However, ‘non-limited’ theorists don’t take their feelings as a sign that they have depleted a limited resource and need to rest. In fact, they believe that a day full of challenging tasks ‘activates’ their self-control skills, which leaves them refreshed and more willing to make effort the next day.”可知，“非受限”理论家认为充满挑战性任务的一天“激活”了他们的自我控制技能，这使他们精神焕发，更愿意在第二天做出努力，可见如果你相信你的自控能力是无限的，你会在完成自控任务后感到精力充沛。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Theories about self-control become a self-fulfilling prediction. If you think that self-control is limited, then you will give in to temptations more easily and find it harder to realize your goals. On the other hand, if you have a non-limited theory, you will be more successful with your goals.”可知，关于自我控制的理论成为一种自我实现的预测，如果你认为自我控制是有限的，那么你会更容易屈服于诱惑，更难实现你的目标；另一方面，如果你有一个非限制性理论，你会更成功地实现你的目标。可推断出在第一个实验中，作者想告诉我们关于自我控制的信念改变了避免诱惑的能力。故选B。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段中“However, ‘non-limited’ theorists don’t take their feelings as a sign that they have depleted a limited resource and need to rest.”可知，然而，“非受限”理论家并不认为他们的感觉表明他们已经耗尽了有限的资源，需要休息；可推测出“depleted”意为“耗尽”，与“emptied”意思相近。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Therefore, if you use the more effortless strategies, you can automatically shape your self-control theory to be more non-limited, naturally improving your self-control.”可知，如果你使用更轻松的策略，你可以自动塑造你的自我控制理论，使其更加不受限制，自然会提高你的自制力。可推断出作者可能会同意“你可以改变你的信念，变得更加无限”的说法。故选A。
第二部分
本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达（第 34-36 题每题 2 分，第 37 题 4 分，共 10 分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
International Volunteer Day is a day to celebrate the efforts of people who create a positive change in their communities and work selflessly to bring about peace and development for the world. On International Volunteer Day, volunteers share their experiences with volunteering and talk about its influence on their personal lives.
Sharon first started volunteering at the age of 16. It was the summer before her junior year of high school, and she hadn’t really understood the meaning behind doing something for others until that day.
Sharon was going with a group to the Ronald McDonald House (RMH) in Dallas, Texas. RMH is a “home-away-from-home” for families so they can stay close by their hospitalized child at little or no cost.
Sharon recalls her first time walking into RMH-nervous and afraid of messing up or saying the wrong thing. After only 5 minutes, she began connecting with families. “That day, I played with kids, laughed with the adults, and heard countless stories-you name it!” says Sharon.
Now a 20-year-old student at the University of North Texas, Sharon has volunteered with RMH ever since. “I have met so many people there that have changed my life.”
In January 2012, Sharon met her soon-to-be hero: Dan. Dan was a car passenger, riding with a group of friends, when the driver thought it would be cool to show off and drive fast.
The car turned over, both the driver and one of the passengers were thrown out of from the car. Dan tried to get out of the car and then began searching for others quickly. One of the passengers was still caught in her seat. Without hesitation, Dan climbed back in to save her.
In doing so, he somehow managed to get himself stuck and caught fire. Although he was able to rescue himself, his skin was so badly burned that he had to take lots of surgeries (手术). Sharon helped care for Dan during his stay at RMH, helping him get better through stories, laughter, and companionship (陪伴). Sharon still keeps in touch with Dan today.
“Nothing brightens my day more than to be able to make someone who’s going through something beyond my understanding smile,” says Sharon. “I feel like I’ve become more of a caring and selfless person since I started volunteering. I look for joy in the joy I provide to others and focus less on myself. After a few months of volunteering, RMH brought out a more real version of myself-exactly who I want to be in life.”
34. When did Sharon first start volunteering
____________________________________
35. How did Sharon feel when she walked into RMH the first time
____________________________________
36. What did Sharon do to help Dan get better
____________________________________
37. Would you like to do volunteer work Why (Please give two reasons.)
____________________________________
【答案】34. At the age of 16.
35. Nervous and afraid of messing up or saying the wrong thing.
36. She helped care for Dan during his stay at RMH, helping him getting better through stories, laughter, compassion, and companionship.
37.
Yes. Doing volunteer work can make people smile/ feel happy/…/It can make me better…
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了国际志愿者日及Sharon作为志愿者的经历和感受。
【34题详解】
根据“Sharon first started volunteering at the age of 16.”可知，Sharon在16岁开始第一次做志愿者。故填At the age of 16.
【35题详解】
根据“Sharon recalls her first time walking into RMH-nervous and afraid of messing up or saying the wrong thing.”可知，Sharon第一次走进RMH时很紧张害怕搞砸或说错话。故填Nervous and afraid of messing up or saying the wrong thing.
【36题详解】
根据“Sharon helped care for Dan during his stay at RMH, helping him get better through stories, laughter, and companionship (陪伴).”可知，在Dan入住RMH期间，Sharon帮助他照顾他，通过故事、笑声和陪伴帮助他变得更好。故填She helped care for Dan during his stay at RMH, helping him getting better through stories, laughter, compassion, and companionship.
【37题详解】
开放性试题，答案不唯一合理即可。参考答案为：Yes. Doing volunteer work can make people smile/ feel happy./It can make me better.
五、文段表达（10分）
38. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter发来邮件想了解你做家务的情况。请你用英语给他回复邮件，谈谈你经常做什么家务，以及你有什么收获。
注意：根据所给提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
提示词语：
sweep the floor, wash dishes, water flowers, tidy up, benefit
提示问题：
● What housework do you often do
● What have you learned from the experience
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to receive your email.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】例文
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to receive your email. I often help my parents with household chores. In the morning, I make up my bed after I get up. I set the table before meals and help wash dishes after super in the evening. And I usually sweep the floor and tidy up my room. Moreover, I wash my clothes by myself on weekends. Sometimes, I help my mum water flowers. Besides, I am learning to cook now.
In my opinion, it’s my duty to do housework because I am a member of my family. And I have benefit a lot by doing housework.
Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为电子邮件；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中的介绍要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图借用“我经常帮助父母做家务”来引出重点介绍的内容；
第二步，具体阐述每天做的家务及从中获得的收获；
第三步，书写结语表达“希望收到对方来信”的愿望。
[亮点词汇]
①make up the bed 整理床铺
②tidy up 整理
③in my opinion在我看来
[高分句型]
In my opinion, it’s my duty to do housework because I am a member of my family. (because引导的原因状语从句)
39. 2024年起，北京市中考体育现场考试进行了改革。考试内容调整为4类22项，每名考生须从每类项目中选考1项，共考4项。
学校英文网站正在开展以“我和体育中考”为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你选择了什么体育项目，你是怎么准备的，以及你有什么感受。
注意：根据所给提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
提示词语：volleyball, pull-ups, sit-ups, rope-jumping, Changquan
提示问题：
● What sport events did you choose
● How did you prepare for them
● How did you feel
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
In recent years, our country pays more and more attention to the national physical quality, and calls on students to exercise every day. As a result, PE lessons in school get more and more important.
I chose volleyball because it made me relaxed and strong. I tried my best to prepare for the PE test. First, I kept on playing volleyball after school every day. What’s more, in order to have more strength, I practiced my leg strength by doing 100 high leg lifts. Last but not least, I tried to keep a healthy diet eating as many as vegetables and fruits instead of junk food, which could help me stay in good condition for the test.
Though it was tiring, I passed the PE exam and became healthier and healthier.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为一般过去时；
③提示：根据提示问题介绍你选择了什么体育项目，你是怎么准备的，以及你有什么感受。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出话题；
第二步，介绍你选择了什么体育项目，你是怎么准备的；
第三步，介绍你的感受。
[亮点词汇]
①pay attention to关注
②as a result结果
③keep on doing sth.坚持做某事
④instead of而不是
[高分句型]
①I chose volleyball because it made me relaxed and strong. (because引导的原因状语从句)
②I tried to keep a healthy diet eating as many as vegetables and fruits instead of junk food, which could help me stay in good condition for the test. (which引导的定语从句)门头沟区2024年初三年级综合练习（一）
英语
2024.4
考生须知
1. 本试卷共10页，共两部分，共38题，满分60分，考试时间90分钟。
2. 在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4. 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5. 考试结束，请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。
第一部分
本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My brother Tony got the first prize in a photo competition. I am proud of ________.
A. her B. him C. us D. them
2. We’ll visit the Capital Museum ________ Friday.
A. at B. in C. on D. to
3. —________ I finish the work before 3:00 pm today
—No, you needn’t. You can finish it tomorrow morning.
A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Will
4. It’s cold today. Wear your warm clothes ________ you may catch a cold.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
5. —________ shall we meet tomorrow
— At 7:30 in the morning.
A. When B. What C. Where D. Who
6. By changing my learning methods, remembering English words is becoming ________ than before.
A. easy B. easier C. easiest D. the easiest
7. If you keep working hard, you ________ your dream sooner or later.
A. realize B. realized C. will realize D. have realized
8. — Amy, what were you doing at 8:00 yesterday evening
— I ________ my sister with her homework.
A. helped B. am helping C. was helping D. have helped
9. China ________ 18 astronauts into space since 2003.
A. sends B. sent C. will send D. has sent
10. Yesterday I ________ a difficult task and felt a great sense of achievement.
A. complete B. completed C. will complete D. have completed
11. Nowadays, a kind of new information technology ________ in learning.
A. uses B. used C. is used D. was used
12. — Can you tell me ________
— Because he always gives me the support I need.
A. why you trust your dad B. why do you trust your dad
C. when you trust your dad D. when do you trust your dad
二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
The Melody Within
Ethan was crazy about playing the guitar. He always lost himself in the melodies he created.
One day, Ethan got to know the village he lived in was hosting a talent show, and he ____13____ to participate. However, doubts started to creep (缓慢行进) into his mind. He compared himself to other talented musicians and began to ____14____ his abilities. The fear of failure consumed (消耗) him.
Ethan’s grandfather noticed that. He sat down with Ethan and shared a story from his own youth.
“When I was your age, I had a dream of becoming a painter. But I was filled with self-doubt, just like you are now. Later, I asked for help from a wise old artist.”
“The old artist listened to my worries and made me ____15____ myself. He asked me to paint a picture on a large canvas (油布) in front of a crowd. I hesitated (犹豫) because I didn’t know how to deal with it.”
“The wise artist smiled and said, ‘Don’t focus on what others might think. Instead, paint from your heart. The beauty lies not in perfection, but in the authenticity (真实性) of your work.’”
“Encouraged by these words, I accepted the challenge. I painted with passion (激情), letting my ____16____ guide my brush. The crowd watched in shock as a beautiful masterpiece appeared on the canvas.”
Finishing the story, Ethan’s grandfather said, “That day, I realized that success is not defined (定义) by how ____17____ we are or how we compare to others. It’s about expressing ourselves with passion and authenticity.”
Inspired by his grandfather’s story, Ethan decided to give the talent show his all. He practiced ____18____ and poured (倾注) his heart into every note. When the day of the talent show arrived, Ethan stepped on the stage, and began to play his guitar. Ethan’s fingers danced on the strings, creating melodies that touched the hearts of the audience. At that moment, he realized that his self-doubts had held him back, but now he was ____19____.
Ethan didn’t win the talent show, but he felt like a winner deep inside.
Ethan continued to play his guitar with passion, inspiring others with his music and reminding everyone that the true ____20____ lies in the journey itself.
13.
A. decided B. failed C. pretended D. managed
14.
A. improve B. get C. lose D. question
15.
A. challenge B. enjoy C. introduce D. respect
16.
A. actions B. trusts C. emotions D. patience
17.
A. kind B. careful C. regretful D. perfect
18.
A. secretly B. tirelessly C. quietly D. carelessly
19.
A. wise B. free C. satisfied D. confused
20.
A. heart B. hope C. reward D. dream
三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）
A
阅读下列TED演讲视频简介，请根据人物喜好、特点与需求匹配适合的TED演讲视频，并将其所对应的 A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。
___21___ Lingling I love music! I often listen to songs after class, but sometimes I feel lost. What can I do ___22___Daming I’m doing a project on how to recycle the unrecyclable. I think the problem is too hard to solve. ___23___ Tony I often make mistakes. I hope to learn from them and make myself better. A. How I Found Myself Through Music Anika Paulson understands the world and herself through music. In this talk, she plays beautiful melodies on the guitar while talking about how music encourages people. Everything is music and “If you ever feel lost, stop and listen for your song” she explains. If you have a few musicians in your class or even just some kids who love to listen to music, they’ll love this feel-good talk! B. A Plan to Recycle the Unrecyclable Styrofoam (聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料) takes 500 years or more to reduce and ends up on beaches and in landfills as it’s too expensive to recycle. Do you think this is a problem too hard to solve Well think again! Watch and see how the amazing 14-year-old Ashton Cofer and his science fair team discovered how to break down and reuse Styrofoam. C. Meet a Young Cartoonist, Designer… This kid can do it all! Maya Penn thought and felt deeply about the world and her responsibilities towards it from a super young age. She started her own fashion line at the age of 8 and has gone on to do even more! This talk shows your learners the power of staying true to their values. D. How to Learn from Your Mistakes It’s easy to say that we need to learn from our mistakes, but it’s not always so easy to put this into practice. Explore this with your students by showing them this TED-Ed talk explains why it’s sometimes so hard to see the learning moments in failure and what we can do about it.
B
MVP
When Brandon had the ball, I was open. But he passed it to Cole. Cole had a great turn-around jump shot, but I was a good shot, too. In fact, we each had six points so far. But Cole was more popular, and the team fed him the ball. I must outscore Cole because I wanted to be the MVP—most valuable player.
Later, Jeff stole the ball from the Kings and passed it to me. I saw Cole running toward the basket, but no one was guarding me either. I threw the ball into the basket.
Cole slapped (拍) my hand. “Good shot Derek.” I just smiled. Then Cole got the ball. He passed it to me and ran under the basket. I ignored (忽视) him and shot, but I failed.
“Cole was open,” said Jeff.
“So was I,” I muttered (嘟囔). But I felt upset inside.
“Hey, it’s no big deal,” said Cole. “We’re all trying to win this game. We’re a team.”
It happened fast. Cole was on the floor holding his ankle (脚踝). Coach Sanchez was there in a second and helped him to the bench. I felt my heart hammer (敲击) in my ears. Now I was going to be the MVP without a doubt.
Everything didn’t look good. Every time I took the ball, two Kings players were guarding me instead of one. The Kings believed that with Cole gone, they could shut me down and win. Cole had helped divide their attention before. I’d never thought about how much that helped me.
Now we were down by one, but time was running out. All of a sudden, more than anything, I wanted our team to take home the trophy (奖杯). I took the ball down the court and passed it to Brandon. He caught it and and hesitated. “Shoot!” I shouted. He caught it and let it fly—right into the basket. We won!
We were all jumping around when I saw Cole on the bench.
“Hey,” I said. “Great game.”
“You, too,” said Cole, slapping my back. “Great idea to pass it to Brandon. Congratulations on getting MVP.”
I’d been waiting a long time to hear those words, but they didn’t seem so important now. “Thanks,” I said. “It was a team effort.”
And I finally understood just what that meant.
24. At first, Derek wanted to be ________.
A. the most valuable player B. the greatest guard
C the most popular coach D. the best team leader
25. Derek helped the team win the game by ________.
A. throwing the ball into the basket B. helping Cole to the bench
C giving the ball to Brandon D. making Cole hurt his ankle
26. Finally, Derek thought ________ was more important.
A. having fun B. working together C. being the MVP D. making friends
C
Some of us like to keep some things private—maybe we don’t want people to know about our relationship status (状况), our age or where we live—because these details are personal. The problem is, everywhere we go online, we seem to leave a “digital footprint”.
On our social media accounts (账户), we often show things like our opinions, connections and holiday photos. The matter is, how do we stop everybody seeing everything Maybe we don’t want a stranger knowing our favourite type of coffee. And cookies—there was a time they were just something nice to eat. Now they seem to appear on websites. So how can you stay more private
There are some steps you can take. First, on your social media accounts, check your privacy settings. Many social media platforms automatically (自动地) show everything to everyone unless you change the settings, so it’s up to you to decide what other people can see. And limiting how much information you share isn’t just something you should do on social media. There are many sites out there that help you to share documents, so a good tip may be to not put anything too private, like passwords, on there. One wrong click (点击) may send it to the wrong person.
Finally, cookies are designed to improve your browsing (浏览) experience by tracking (追踪) and saving information about your visits to a site, helping to personalize your time on these sites. Erasing your browsing history may help, but there are certain apps which can block them if you don’t feel comfortable.
So, if you want to keep your privacy online, maybe only share things you’d be happy with a stranger seeing—and if you don’t feel comfortable with cookies, you might decide to use some tech to block them. If that’s not enough, just don’t accept them and visit another site—and why not have a yummy cookie to eat instead
27. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a “digital footprint”
A. A paper book. B. A holiday photo. C. A personal opinion. D. A home address.
28. What can we learn from the passage
A. Visitors can help you to share documents online.
B. Cookies can track users’ behavior on the sites.
C. It’s impossible to stop everybody seeing everything.
D. Some tech can stop strangers erasing your footprints.
29. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A. To explain the importance of online privacy. B. To tell people how to protect privacy online.
C. To warn people against the social media. D. To encourage people to share ideas online.
D
What is your understanding of self-control How do you think it works Do you think your self-control ability is limited or unlimited Do you believe that after a long day you run out of energy, and you need to rest to get it refueled (补充燃料) If this is the case, then you have a limited theory (理论) of self-control.
Do you think that challenging activities don’t easily lose your energy In that case you have a non-limited theory.
In an experiment, researchers divided students into two groups based on their self-control theory and followed them during a term. Outside the exam period, there were no differences between the two groups. However, when requirements were high, students with a limited theory procrastinated (拖延) more, achieved a lower GPA (grade-point average) and ate more unhealthy food.
Theories about self-control become a self-fulfilling prediction. If you think that self-control is limited, then you will give in to temptations (诱惑) more easily and find it harder to realize your goals. On the other hand, if you have a non-limited theory, you will be more successful with your goals.
Interestingly, both ‘non-limited’ and ‘limited’ theorists feel just as tired immediately after exercising self-control. However, ‘non-limited’ theorists don’t take their feelings as a sign that they have depleted a limited resource and need to rest. In fact, they believe that a day full of challenging tasks ‘activates’ their self-control skills, which leaves them refreshed and more willing to make effort the next day.
It seems that there’s a clear benefit to having the ‘right’ beliefs about self-control. How can you change your self-control theory
If you’re willing towards a ‘limited’ theory, we suggest that you try to persuade yourself or a friend that if they use effortless strategies, then self-control is not easily run out. Researchers have managed to experimentally control students’ self-control theories.
There’s another, probably more powerful way to change your self-control theory. In a series of experiments, researchers asked participants to do an easy (e.g. keeping a diary) or a difficult (e.g. not eating sweets) task for 2 weeks. Before and after this period, they measured their self-control theories and self-control strength. Interestingly, the participants who did the more effortful task changed their beliefs toward the ‘limited’ theory by the end of the experiment. As a result, they made less effort in the final self-control task.
This study shows that when we experience a lot of effort, it may act as a signal telling us that our self-control ability is limited. This in turn makes it more difficult for us to exercise self-control in the future. Therefore, if you use the more effortless strategies, you can automatically shape your self-control theory to be more non-limited, naturally improving your self-control.
30. If you believe your self-control ability is unlimited, you’ll feel ________.
A calm after the experiments B. satisfied after long-distance race
C. confused by self-control activities D. energetic after self-control tasks
31. In the first experiment, the writer wants to tell us ________.
A. the two groups of students got the same scores in the experiments
B. beliefs about self-control changed the ability to avoid temptations
C. students with a limited theory achieved more confidence and trusts
D. students with a non-limited theory easily succeeded in the experiment
32. The word “depleted” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. created B. saved C. collected D. emptied
33. The writer may agree that ________.
A. you can change your beliefs to become more unlimited
B. there’s a clear benefit to improve your skills and abilities
C. you can use the effortless strategies to realize your goals
D. you should persuade yourself to change the learning strategies
第二部分
本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达（第 34-36 题每题 2 分，第 37 题 4 分，共 10 分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
International Volunteer Day is a day to celebrate the efforts of people who create a positive change in their communities and work selflessly to bring about peace and development for the world. On International Volunteer Day, volunteers share their experiences with volunteering and talk about its influence on their personal lives.
Sharon first started volunteering at the age of 16. It was the summer before her junior year of high school, and she hadn’t really understood the meaning behind doing something for others until that day.
Sharon was going with a group to the Ronald McDonald House (RMH) in Dallas, Texas. RMH is a “home-away-from-home” for families so they can stay close by their hospitalized child at little or no cost.
Sharon recalls her first time walking into RMH-nervous and afraid of messing up or saying the wrong thing. After only 5 minutes, she began connecting with families. “That day, I played with kids, laughed with the adults, and heard countless stories-you name it!” says Sharon.
Now a 20-year-old student at the University of North Texas, Sharon has volunteered with RMH ever since. “I have met so many people there that have changed my life.”
In January 2012, Sharon met her soon-to-be hero: Dan. Dan was a car passenger, riding with a group of friends, when the driver thought it would be cool to show off and drive fast.
The car turned over, both the driver and one of the passengers were thrown out of from the car. Dan tried to get out of the car and then began searching for others quickly. One of the passengers was still caught in her seat. Without hesitation, Dan climbed back in to save her.
In doing so, he somehow managed to get himself stuck and caught fire. Although he was able to rescue himself, his skin was so badly burned that he had to take lots of surgeries (手术). Sharon helped care for Dan during his stay at RMH, helping him get better through stories, laughter, and companionship (陪伴). Sharon still keeps in touch with Dan today.
“Nothing brightens my day more than to be able to make someone who’s going through something beyond my understanding smile,” says Sharon. “I feel like I’ve become more of a caring and selfless person since I started volunteering. I look for joy in the joy I provide to others and focus less on myself. After a few months of volunteering, RMH brought out a more real version of myself-exactly who I want to be in life.”
34. When did Sharon first start volunteering
____________________________________
35. How did Sharon feel when she walked into RMH the first time
____________________________________
36. What did Sharon do to help Dan get better
____________________________________
37. Would you like to do volunteer work Why (Please give two reasons.)
____________________________________
五、文段表达（10分）
38. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter发来邮件想了解你做家务的情况。请你用英语给他回复邮件，谈谈你经常做什么家务，以及你有什么收获。
注意：根据所给提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
提示词语：
sweep the floor, wash dishes, water flowers, tidy up, benefit
提示问题：
● What housework do you often do
● What have you learned from the experience
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to receive your email.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
39. 2024年起，北京市中考体育现场考试进行了改革。考试内容调整为4类22项，每名考生须从每类项目中选考1项，共考4项。
学校英文网站正在开展以“我和体育中考”为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你选择了什么体育项目，你是怎么准备的，以及你有什么感受。
注意：根据所给提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
提示词语：volleyball, pull-ups, sit-ups, rope-jumping, Changquan
提示问题：
● What sport events did you choose
● How did you prepare for them
● How did you feel
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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