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2024年12月16日 China Daily时政类语篇型填空专项训练（数字孪生三峡助力长江洪水防御）
Yangtze 'digital twin' helps mitigate impact of flooding
Passage 1
Since its first hydroelectric generator came online in 2003, the Three Gorges Project 1. (generate) over a trillion kilowatt-hours of low-carbon 2. (electric).
In the 3. (proceed), the use of 528 million metric tons of coal has been averted and over a billion tons of carbon dioxide emissions mitigated.
Last year, joining these green credentials, a "digital twin" of the Three Gorges Dam and the entire Yangtze River, came online 4. (aim) to allow people to be more than a step ahead 5. . it comes to flooding along Asia's 6. (long) watercourse.
According to the developer of the digital twin, it 7. already helped to reduce casualties and property 8. (lose) during flooding events on the Yangtze.
The digital twin is a digital copy 9. (integrate) a data-driven virtual representation of the Yangtze River and the Three Gorges Dam. With a simple click of a mouse, key metrics of the Three Gorges Dam can be displayed, allowing monitoring of dam pressure and ensuring the 10. (safe) of the Three Gorges Project.
Passage 2
The digital twin can simulate past flood events, and 1. real time, based on 2. (exist) flood data in the 3. (up) reaches, predict future flood trends in the middle and lower reaches. 4. a result of the digitalization and simulation, early 5. (warn) for floods can 6. (make) earlier allowing people to evacuate more safely. It also makes flood defense more targeted.
When floods come, the areas that are 7. (severe) affected are often the raised embankments(堤防) separating agricultural land, 8. (know) as polders(圩田).
There are many polders accompanied by dikes that run 9. both banks of the Yangtze River. The quality of these dikes is weaker and poses significant 10. (hide) dangers during flood defense, said Li Anqiang, deputy chief engineer of the Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research Corporation of the Changjiang Water Resources Commission.
Passage 3
"This year, we 1. (establish) a comprehensive database for all 706 polders, as well as the entire mainstream and dynamic flow of the Yangtze River. When floods 2. (threat) the polders, we can notify local departments 3. advance," Li said.
On July 2, having 4. (calculate) through the digital twin, the Changjiang Water Resources Commission issued warnings that 5. (approximate) 2,430 kilometers of dikes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze would exceed the water warning level, spanning Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces. On July 3 and 4 alone, 101 polders received warnings allowing 6. (authority) to take relevant action, according to Li.
A typical example is the warning issued on June 30 for the Guiliangzhou area in Jiayu county, Hubei, 7. immediate 8. (prepare) for evacuation were advised due to 9. (rise) water levels. On July 2, proactive measures such as breaching the dike were 10. (take) for flood diversion. Early warnings on June 30 allowed for the evacuation of people and property, greatly reducing flood damage, Li said.
Passage 4
The digital twin can demonstrate the 3D extent of flood inundation in real time. The command staff, 1. physically in the meeting room, can visualize every part of the Yangtze River, enabling them 2. (perceive) the current state of flood control in the basin, reservoir operations, water anomalies and forecast trends with key data.
With the data, they can know the risks of scheduling 3. (decide) and fully comprehend the pros and cons of plans with a "God's-eye view".
Li sighted the afternoon of July 5, when a sudden breach 4. (occur) in the main dike of the Tuanzhou area in Dongting Lake. 5. (construct) a new line of defense, the Changjiang Water Resources Commission used the flood diversion platform of the digital twin to quickly develop a flood inundation risk map and was able to dynamically 6. (analysis) impact range, losses, population to 7. (transfer) and water 8. (deep) under different scenarios.
After the floods, technicians examined the dikes for 9. (possibility) dangers and evaluated their 10. (stable).
参考答案
参考答案1
1.has generated 2.electricity 3.process 4.aiming 5.when
6.longest 7.has 8.loss 9.integrating 10.safety
参考译文1
自2003年首台水力发电机投入使用以来，三峡工程已生产了超过一万亿千瓦时的低碳电力。
在此过程中，避免了5.28亿吨煤炭的使用，减少了10多亿吨二氧化碳的排放。
去年，三峡大坝和整个长江的“数字孪生”也加入了这些绿色证书的行列，旨在让人们在亚洲最长的水道发生洪水时领先一步。
据数字孪生的开发者称，它已经帮助减少了长江洪水期间的人员伤亡和财产损失。
数字孪生是长江和三峡大坝数据驱动的虚拟表现的数字副本。只需点击鼠标，就可以显示三峡大坝的关键指标，从而监测大坝压力，确保三峡工程的安全。
参考答案2
1.in 2.existing 3.upper 4.As 5.warnings
6.be made 7.severely 8.known 9.along 10.hidden
参考译文2
数字孪生体可以模拟过去的洪水事件，并根据上游现有的洪水数据实时预测中下游未来的洪水趋势。由于数字化和模拟，可以更早地发出洪水预警，使人们能够更安全地撤离。它也使防洪更有针对性。
当洪水来临时，受到严重影响的地区往往是分隔农田的堤防，也就是圩田。
长江两岸有许多圩田和堤防。长江水利委员会长江勘测规划设计研究院副总工程师李安强表示，这些堤坝的质量较弱，在防洪过程中存在重大隐患。
参考答案3
1.established 2.threaten 3.in 4.calculated 5.approximately
6.authorities 7.where 8.preparations 9.rising 10.taken
参考译文3
“今年，我们为所有706个圩田以及长江的整个干流和动态流量建立了一个综合数据库。当洪水威胁圩田时，我们可以提前通知当地部门，”李说。
7月2日，通过数字孪生计算，长江水利委员会发布预警称，长江中下游约2430公里的堤坝将超过水位警告线，这些堤坝横跨湖北、湖南、江西、安徽和江苏等省。据李说，仅在7月3日和4日，就有101个圩田收到了警告，允许当局采取相关行动。
一个典型的例子是6月30日对湖北嘉余县贵良州地区发布的预警，由于水位上升，该地区被建议立即做好疏散准备。7月2日，当局采取了破堤等积极措施进行泄洪。李说，6月30日的早期预警允许人员和财产撤离，大大减少了洪水的损失。
参考答案4
1.although 2.to perceive 3.decisions 4.occurred 5.To construct
6.analyze 7.depth 8.be transferred 9.possible 10.stability
参考译文4
数字孪生能够实时展示洪水淹没的三维程度。指挥人员虽然身在会议室，但却能对长江的每一部分进行可视化，掌握流域防洪现状、水库运行情况、水情异常和关键数据预测趋势。
有了这些数据，他们就可以知道调度决策的风险，并以“上帝的视角”充分理解计划的利弊。
7月5日下午，洞庭湖团州地区的主堤突然决口，李发现了这一现象。为了构建新的防线，长江水利委员会利用数字孪生分洪平台，快速开发了洪水淹没风险图，能够动态分析不同场景下的影响范围、损失、需要转移的人口和水深。
洪水过后，技术人员检查了堤坝可能存在的危险，并评估了它们的稳定性。

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