资源简介

(共45张PPT)
岁末将至
敬颂冬绥
THE SPRING
FESTIVAL
THE SPRING
FESTIVAL
THE SPRING
FESTIVAL
乙巳年
生肖蛇
Snake
CHINESE YEAR
(
)
目
录
壹
The Origin of Spring Festival
（春节起源）
贰
What is "year"
（什么是年？）
叁
Spring Festival customs
（春节习俗）
肆
Spring Festival knowledge
（春节常识）
伍
Festival Food
（节日美食）
第
壹
节
The Origin of Spring Festival
春节起源
The Origin of Spring Festival
The Spring Festival春节
The Spring Festival customs have a long history and are the most solemn traditional festival of our Chinese nation
春节风俗源远流长，是我们中华民族最隆重的传统节日
春节起源
The Origin of Spring Festival
The Spring Festival originated from the "La Festival" in the late primitive society.
At that time, when the end of the La Festival came, the ancestors would slaughter pigs and sheep, worship gods, ghosts, and ancestors, and pray for good weather and rain in the new year to avoid disasters.
春节风俗源远流长，是我们中华民族最隆重的传统节日
春节起源
The Origin of Spring Festival
According to historical records, the Spring Festival was called "Zai" during the Tang and Yu dynasties. It was called "Sui" during the Xia dynasty, "Si" during the Shang dynasty, and "Nian" during the Zhou dynasty.
据史籍记载，春节在唐虞时叫“载”夏代叫“岁”，商代叫“祀”，周代才叫“年”。
第
贰
节
What is year
什么是年
What is "year"
-01-
In ancient times, there was a beast called "Nian". Nian, with horns on his head, is very fierce and terrifying.
古时候有一种叫“年”的兽。“年”，头上长着角，非常凶猛恐怖。
-02-
"Nian" lived in the deep mountains for years and only climbed ashore on specific days (now New Year's Eve), swallowing livestock and causing harm to human life.
“年”长年居住深山，每到特定的一天 (就是现在的除夕) 才爬上岸，吞食牲畜伤害人命。
什么是年
What is "year"
Therefore, on New Year's Eve, all the people in each village flee to the deep mountains to avoid the harm of the year.
因此，每到除夕这天，每个村里的人们全部逃往深山，以躲避“年”的伤害。
One New Year's Eve, an elderly beggar came from outside the village.
有一年除夕，从村外来了个乞讨的老人。
什么是年
What is "year"
The village was in a hurry and panic, and no one paid attention to him. Only an old lady in the east of the village gave the old man some food and advised him to go up the mountain to avoid "Nian"
乡里一片匆忙恐慌，没有人理会他，只有村东头一位老婆婆给了老人一些食物，并劝他快上山躲避“年”
什么是年
What is "year"
The old man lifted his beard and smiled, "If my mother-in-law asks me to stay at home all night, I will definitely drive away Nian." The old lady continued to persuade, begging the old man to smile but remained silent.
那老人把胡子撩起来笑道:“婆婆若让我在家呆一夜，我一定把“年’赶走。”老婆婆继续劝说，乞讨老人笑而不语。
什么是年
What is "year"
It found that the atmosphere in the village was different from previous years: at the east end of the village, there was a wife in law's house, the door was pasted with big red paper, and the house was brightly lit with candles.
它发现村里气氛与往年不同：村东头老婆婆家，门贴大红纸，屋内烛火通明。
At midnight, "Nian" barged into the village半夜时分，“年”闯进村。
什么是年
What is "year"
-01-
"Nian" trembled all over and let out a strange cry.
“年”浑身一抖，怪叫了一声。
-02-
As he approached the entrance, there was a sudden explosion sound in the courtyard. Nian was so frightened that he trembled all over and dared not move forward anymore.
将近门口时，院内突然传来“噼里啪啦”的炸响声，“年”吓得浑身发抖，再不敢往前凑了。
什么是年
What is "year"
Originally, "Nian" was most afraid of red, flames, and explosions.
原来，“年”最怕红色、火光和炸响。
At this moment, my mother-in-law's door opened and I saw an old man in a red robe laughing loudly in the courtyard. Nian was shocked and ran away in embarrassment.
这时婆婆的家门打开，只见院内一位身披红袍的老人在哈哈大笑。“年”大惊失色，狼狈逃蹿了。
什么是年
What is "year"
第二天是正月初一，避难回来的人们见村里安然无恙十分惊奇。这时，老婆婆才恍然大悟，赶忙向乡亲们述说了乞讨老人的许诺。
The next day was the first day of the first lunar month, and the people who had taken refuge were very surprised to see that the village was safe and sound. At this moment, my wife suddenly realized and quickly told the villagers about the promise of begging the old man.
什么是年
What is "year"
This matter quickly spread in the surrounding villages, and people all knew the way to drive away the New Year.这件事很快在周围村里传开了，人们都知道了驱赶年”的办法。
From then on, every New Year's Eve, every family sticks red couplets and sets off firecrackers; Every household is brightly lit with candles, guarding the night and waiting for the new year. Early in the morning of the first day of junior high school, I still have to go on a family and friendship trip to say hello.
从此每年除夕，家家贴红对联、燃放爆竹;户户烛火通明、守更待岁。初一一大早，还要走亲串友道喜问好。
什么是年
What is "year"
This custom is widely spread and has become the most solemn traditional festival among Chinese people, which is the Spring Festival!
这风俗广泛流传，成了中国民间最隆重的传统节日，就是春节!
第
叁
节
Spring Festival customs
春节习俗
Spring Festival customs
1、 Spring Cleaning大扫除
“Dust”(尘)is homophonic with“chen”(陈)in Chinese, which"sweeping the dust” beforemeans old and past. In this way,the Spring Festival means a thorough cleaning of houses tosweep away bad luck in the past year. Chinese People believethat in order to receive the new luck, you have to swipe thebad luck. All the cleaning has to be done before the end of NewYear's Eve, that's what Chinese people always called “Ci JiuYing Xin” : saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new.
“Dust” 与“尘”是谐音(尘在汉语中的意思是旧的和过去的)。这样，“在春节前扫尘”是指彻底清洁房屋扫除过去闰年的厄运。勤劳勇敢的中国人民相信，只有把旧的坏运气赶走了，才能迎接美好新生活。所有的大扫除必须要在除夕夜之前完成。干净净整齐迎接新年，就是我们常说的辞旧迎新
春节习俗
Spring Festival customs
After the thoroughly clean up，people will paste paper-cutdecorqtions on the windows and doors. Paper-cuts, usuallywith quspicious patterns, give a happy and prosperousatmosphere of the Festival and express the good wishes ofChinese people looking forward to a good life. It is common forChinese to paste the character “fu(福)”， big and small,onwalls， doors and doorposts around the houses.“Fu(福)shows people's yearning toward a good life. Some people'syearning toward a good life. Some people even invert thecharacter“Fu(福)” to signify that blessing has arrivedbecquse "inverted”is a homonym for “arrive” in Chinese.
在大扫除之后，大家会在家中门窗上贴上窗花。通常带有吉祥图案的窗花，传递节日喜庆和执闹的气氛和表达中国人期待幸福生活的美好愿望。除了贴窗花，在墙上，门上和房子周围的门框上巾大小福字是中国人表达对美好生活渴望的普遍习俗。一些人甚至倒贴福字来表示福到了，因为在汉语中“倒”是“到”的谐音。
2、Paper Cut 贴窗花
春节习俗
Spring Festival customs
"The Spring Couplet"also called"coupletand“a pair of antithetical phrasesis a specialform of literature in China. The Spring Couplet iscomposed of two antithetical sentences on bothsides of the door and q horizontal scroll bearing aninscription,usually an quspicious phrase, abovethe gate. Whether the family is rich or pooreducated or ignorant, everyone must put on theSpring Couplet to symbolize the hopes for thecoming new year
春联”或“对联”对立在中国是一种特殊的文学形式。春联是由贴在门口两侧两组对仗的句子组成，在门上面的横批通常是一个吉祥的短语不论是大富大贵还是贫困潦倒，学富五车还是乡野村夫，每家每户都要在新年时门前贴春联，以寄托对新年的美好祝愿。
3、Spring Couplet 贴春联
春节习俗
Spring Festival customs
春节是一个合家团圆的日子，在除夕夜，全家都合家团圆一起共享除夕大餐。这顿饭通常是全家总动员，每个人都要参与，也通常是一年之中最丰盛美味的一餐。
The Spring Festival is a time for the Chinese to have familyreunion on Chinese New Year's Eve (Chu Xi)， the wholefamily must sit at the table to eat the New Year's Suppertogether. This meal is usually made from scratch with the entirefamily working together, and this meal is usually the mostsumptuous meql of the year.
4、Family Reunion Dinner
年夜饭
春节习俗
Spring Festival customs
放鞭炮曾是春节庆祝活动中最重要的习俗之一。然而，担心燃放鞭炮可能会带来危险和烦人的噪音，政府已在许多大城市下令禁止燃放鞭炮。但在小城镇和地区的人们仍然坚持这种传统的庆祝活动。除夕夜一旦撞响午夜12点钟城市和乡镇都被烟花的闪闪光芒映亮，鞭炮声震耳欲聋
Lighting Firecrackers used to be one of the most importantcustoms in the Spring Festival celebration, However,concerning the danger and the negative noises that lightingfirecrackers may bring, the government has banned thispractice in many major cities. But people in small towns andrural areas still hold to this traditional celebration. Right as theclock strike 12 o' clock midnight of New Year's Eve, cities andtowns are lit up with the glitter from fireworks, and thesound can be deafening.
5、Firecrackers
放鞭炮
春节习俗
Spring Festival customs
孩子们最爱过春节，因为春节有红包!红包就是在一个红包的小红包里装上压岁钱，寓意为幸运和财富。在中国传统文化中，红色是幸运色，大家相信红包能帮人赶走霉运，带来幸福富贵。
Children love Spring Festival because they can receive redpacket! A red packet is simply a red envelope with lucky moneyin it, which symbolizes luck and wealth, In traditional Chinesecultural, red is considered a lucky color, red packet is believedto ward off evil spirits and to bring good fortune to thereceiver.
6、Lucky Money/Red Packet
压岁钱/红包
春节习俗
Spring Festival customs
Traditionally, older generations give the red packetto the younger generation, Nowadays, this practice extendsto close friends, neighbors, and even some companies giveway year- end bonus in the red packets.
在过去，都是长辈给晚辈红包，但是现在这个概念已经扩大到朋友之音，有些公司也会把年终奖金放到红包里面发放
第
肆
节
Spring Festival knowledge
春节常识
Spring Festival knowledge
Do we need to paste the character "fu" upside down
福字要倒着贴吗
"Upright on the right side, upside down on the side"
“正处正贴，偏地倒贴”
春节常识
Spring Festival knowledge
Orthodox pasting: The entrance and hall should be pasted upright. Because the gate symbolizes solemnity and elegance, and is neatly attached to the door, symbolizing "welcoming blessings" and "receiving blessings"
Side by side reverse pasting: Garbage bins, water buckets, and household cabinets can be pasted upside down with the word "fu", meaning "fu dao"
Side by side reverse pasting
偏地倒贴:垃圾桶、水桶、家里的箱柜等可倒着贴，倒贴福字，取“福到”之意
Orthodox pasting
正处正贴:大门、厅堂应该正着贴。因为大门寓示着庄重、典雅，端端正正地贴在门上,有“迎福”和“纳福”之意
春节常识
Spring Festival knowledge
"Taofu" is the predecessor of Spring Festival couplets
桃符”就是春联的前身
How did Spring Festival couplets evolve
春联是如何演变而来
春节常识
Spring Festival knowledge
Starting from the Zhou Dynasty, peach talismans were hung during the Spring Festival. People would pray and ward off evil spirits by making peach wood boards at the door and painting two statues of door gods on them
大约从周朝起,迎春就会挂桃符,人们为辟邪祈福,会在门旁,用桃木制成桃木板，在上面画两位门神的神像
春节常识
Spring Festival knowledge
宋代的文人往往将诗句写在桃符上，逐渐演变成现在的春联
Literati in the Song Dynasty often wrote poetry on peach symbols, gradually evolving into the current Spring Festival couplets
春节常识
Spring Festival knowledge
春联也叫门对、春贴、对联、对子、桃符等,文字工整、对偶,言简意赅地抒发对新年的期盼
Spring couplets, also known as door couplets, spring stickers, couplets, couplets, peach symbols, etc., are neatly written and paired, expressing expectations for the new year in a concise and concise manner;
春节常识
Spring Festival knowledge
Classified by place of use按使用场所分类
“框对”:贴于左右两个门框上
"Frame pairing": pasted on the left and right door frames
“门心”:贴在门的中间
"Door center": pasted in the middle of the door
“春条”:根据内容贴于相应的地方，如:“春色满园出门见喜”等
"Spring Bar": Stick it in the corresponding place according to the content, such as "Spring is full of scenery, go out and see joy", etc
“横批”:贴在门帽的横木上
"Horizontal banner": pasted on the crossbar of the door cap
斗斤”:正方菱形,贴在家具上
"Dou Jin": a square diamond shape, pasted on furniture
春节常识
Spring Festival knowledge
How to distinguish the upper and lower couplets of Spring Festival couplets
春联的上下联如何区分
The tone of the ending character in the couplet must be a tone (three tone and four tone in Pinyin)
上联结尾字的音调须是仄声(拼音里的三声和四声
春节常识
Spring Festival knowledge
The tone of the ending character in the lower part of the couplet must be in a flat tone (the first and second tones in Pinyin)
下联结尾字的音调须用平声(拼音里的一声和二声)
春节常识
Spring Festival knowledge
How to post Spring Festival couplets
春联怎么张贴？
The traditional way of posting Spring Festival couplets emphasizes placing the right hand above and the left hand below
传统的张贴春联讲究右手为上,，左手为下
春节常识
Spring Festival knowledge
The upper couplets of the Spring Festival couplets should be pasted on the right side facing the door, while the lower couplets should be pasted on the left side.
Currently, many people determine the left and right sides of the upper and lower couplets according to the horizontal direction of the banner
即春联的上联应贴在人面向门的右侧，下联贴在左侧目前，很多人按横批方向确定上下联的左右
春节常识
Spring Festival knowledge
如果横批是从右向左书写，上联就应贴在右边，反之上联则贴在左边
If the horizontal stroke is written from right to left, the upper couplet should be pasted on the right side; otherwise, the upper couplet should be pasted on the left side
Although different from traditional pasting methods, it is also a folk custom
虽然与传统贴法不同，但也是一种民间习惯
第
伍
节
Festival Food
节日美食
Festival Food
Rice cake 年糕
Rice cake is a seasonal food for the Lunar New Year, with three colors: red, yellow, and white, symbolizing gold and silver.
年糕属于农历新年的应时食品，有红、黄、白三色，象征金银。
节日美食
Festival Food
Dumpling 饺子
Dumplings are a staple food and local snack in northern China, as well as a festive food. The custom of eating dumplings during festivals mainly exists in northern regions.
饺子，是中国北方民间的主食和地方小吃，也是年节食品，过节吃饺子的习俗主要存在于北方地区。
节日美食
Festival Food
Meaning 含义
Eating dumplings is a unique way to express people's wishes for blessings and good luck as they bid farewell to the old and welcome the new.
吃饺子是表达人们辞旧迎新之际祈福求吉愿望的特有方式。
节日美食
Festival Food
Rice dumpling 汤圆
The food for Yuanxiao (Filled round balls made of glutinous rice-flour for Lantern Festival) Festival in the south is called "rice dumpling", which is also called "Yuanxiao (Filled round balls made of glutinous rice-flour for Lantern Festival)", "Tangtuan" and "Fuyuanzi". It is one of the representatives of traditional Chinese snacks and is a spherical food made of glutinous rice flour.
南方的元宵节庆食品叫做“汤圆”，别称“元宵”“汤团”“浮元子”，是中国传统小吃的代表之一，是由糯米粉等做的球状食品。
节日美食
Festival Food
Spring roll 春卷
Spring rolls are also called spring cakes. Eating spring cakes at the beginning of spring is an ancient custom in China.春卷也叫春饼，立春吃春饼是中国一种古老风俗。
Spring cakes have developed to this day, and their shapes and consumption times vary from place to place. It can be baked or steamed; Either as big as a fan, or as small as a lotus armor.春饼发展至今，形制随地而异，食用时间也因地而别。有烙制、也有蒸制；或大如团扇，或小如荷甲。
THE SPRING
FESTIVAL
THE SPRING
FESTIVAL
THE SPRING
FESTIVAL
乙巳年
生肖蛇
Snake
CHINESE YEAR
(
)

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