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广西壮族自治区“贵百河”2024届4月高三新高考模拟二模英语试题
一、第一部分，听力，第一节，听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） When will the man call his wife
A．9:30 a. m. B．10:00 a. m. C．10:30a. m.
2．（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） Why did the man stop the woman
A．She ran the red light.
B．She hit his car.
C．She overspeeded.
3．（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） What is Daisy
A．A baby. B．A cat. C．A bird.
4．（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） What's the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Headmaster and parent.
B．Professor and student.
C．Boss and secretary.
5．（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） What happened to Mary
A．She went crazy.
B．She had a car accident.
C．She was killed last Friday.
二、第一部分，听力，第二节，听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 听材料，回答问题。
6．What is the weather like now
A．Hot and dry. B．Cold and wet. C．Hot and wet.
7．What is the man going to do next
A．Play basketball.
B．Play computer games.
C．Wash clothes.
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 听材料，回答问题。
8．For what occasion did the woman make the pumpkin dip
A．A birthday party.
B．Halloween.
C．A cooking competition.
9．What is needed for making the pumpkin dip
A．Cream butter. B．Some spices. C．Powdered salt.
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 听材料，回答问题。
10．What does the woman think of the holiday at first
A．Meaningful. B．Interesting. C．Scary.
11．How long does the holiday last for
A．Only one day. B．Two days. C．Three days.
12．What does the man do during the holiday
A．Visits friends.
B．Scares kids for fun.
C．Prepares food for the dead.
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 听材料，回答问题。
13．How does the man feel
A．Tired. B．Sad. C．Angry.
14．Where does this conversation probably take place
A．In a car. B．In a restaurant. C．In a hospital.
15．What does the woman suggest to the man to control his anger
A．Some pills. B．Yoga class. C．Some food.
16．What's the man's attitude to the suggestion
A．Approval. B．Disapproval. C．Not known.
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 听材料，回答问题。
17．What is the ideal working time per week for brain functioning
A．25 hours. B．30 hours. C．40 hours.
18．What kind of brain performance tends to go down at age 30
A．Memory.
B．Ability to use knowledge.
C．Information processing.
19．What effect has been researched on brain functioning in middle age
A．Pains caused by diseases.
B．Care-taking of the family.
C．The intake of nutrition.
20．Which gender is more easily affected by the excessive work
A．Male. B．Female. C．Both genders.
三、第二部分，阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分）
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读理解
SparkLit Book Club
Book of the week
Kay's Incredible Inventions by Adam Kay, illustrated by Henry Pake
This entertaining new book takes you on a trip through the history of the world's most incredible inventions—from the first ever toilet to the story of how Velcro（魔术贴） was invented by a dog. Some of these inventions changed the world; others definitely did not. They're all fascinating to read about, though.
Readers' comments
It's amazing to see how everyday occurrences sparked people's creativity. The inventors' creativity and determination inspire me to dream big and make my ideas alive. (Jeff Kinney, 16)
Win!
We have five copies of Kay'sIncredible Inventions to give away. For a chance to win a copy, just fill in the entry form at /twj-booksbeforetheclosingdateof20Marchat8 p.m.
Readers' recommendations
"The ghostly winter silence had given way to the great spring murmur of awakening life. This murmur arose from all the land, fraught with the joy of living." (The Call of the Wild)
Jack London was born almost 150 years ago on 12 January 1876. His novel, The Call of the Wild, is the story of Buck, a dog who has an epic adventure with gold hunters in the wilds of northern Canada. A must-read for animal lovers and fans of adventure stories! It will keep you on the edge of your seat. (Alistair, 17)
On my shelf
Send a picture of your shelf showing the book titles clearly and tell us why you love them. Send it to hello @ the weekjunio.co uk with your name and age.
21．What do readers need to do to win a copy of Kay's Incredible Inventions
A．Fill in a form online as required.
B．Make a comment on the book.
C．Recommend a book to readers.
D．Send a photo to hello @theweekjunior.co.uk .
22．Who is the main character of the book by Jack London
A．Jack, a writer. B．Henry, a hunter.
C．Alistair, an animal lover. D．Buck, a dog.
23．What can we learn about SparkLit Book Club
A．It regularly holds competitions among readers.
B．It hosts a weekly reading salon among its readers.
C．It has chosen Kay's book as the best for this week.
D．It requires readers to comment on their favorite books.
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读理解
Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had been suffering from depression when he first found his passion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured in National Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. "In the beginning, I was so paranoid（多疑的） and angry that I couldn't leave the house," says Doogue. "When I attempted to end my life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and that's when I started photography."
Now a dad of two, Doogue found that looking at insects through a camera helped him in ways he could never have imagined and it proved to be the lifeline he needed. It had a calming effect that helped him to disconnect from stress; and his astonishing images, showing insects and spiders in amazing detail against brightly colored backgrounds, caught the eye of publishers at National Geographic. "I ended up as one of their featured photo graphers," recalled Doogue. "It was the peak of my career. It was incredible."
Originally from Salford, Greater Manchester, he now lives in Armadale, West Lothian, Scotland. Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle of an epidemic（流行病） of male suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. "I think the problem is this man-up approach; the idea that men need to be strong puts so much pressure on young males to be fine all the time," says Doogue. "This is why I try and be so open about my own experience. Whenever I am out with my camera, I don't think about my other worries. It is just me and the environment around me. You can lose yourself in a spider making its web."
24．What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about Doogue
A．How Doogue became depressed.
B．Why Doogue took up photography.
C．Why Doogue wanted to end his life.
D．When Doogue turned photographer.
25．How did photography benefit Doogue
A．It helped him to escape from pressure.
B．It provided him with life-saving skills.
C．It gave him a new way to express himself.
D．It offered him an opportunity to explore nature.
26．What causes Scottish men to develop mental health problems
A．The way men employ to solve problems.
B．The lack of love for men's life and work.
C．The belief that men are expected to be strong.
D．The worry that men get separated from people.
27．What is the main purpose of the author in writing the text
A．To introduce Doogue's fighting depression.
B．To advise the readers to get close to nature.
C．To show the benefits of nature photography.
D．To warn the seriousness of mental problems.
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读理解
I used to tell my children that they were smart, because I was impressed by their rapid growth. I remember clearly watching my daughter figure out how to build a Lego house that would stand up on its own, and thinking: Look at this tiny architectural genius.
But decades of research now suggest that we should not tell our children they're "smart" when they do impressive things. When I first heard it, I felt instinctively irritated. But after I dug into the research, I was persuaded. It all goes back to something called "growth" mindset, a term developed and popularized by Carol Dweck, a professor of psychology at Stanford. Professor Dweck believes that we can change our abilities through effort and strategy. The alternative to a growth mindset is a "fixed" mindset—the idea that our abilities are inborn and can't be changed. When we praise our children for being "smart", based on victories like doing well on a test, we're unwittingly（不知不觉地） encouraging them to believe that if they do poorly or make mistakes, they're not smart.
It's not just what we say that matters, but how we tolerate our children's failures. A 2016 study by Dweck showed that parents' "failure mind-sets" affect their children more than their views on intelligence. In other words, if parents think that failure is shameful, their children are more likely to be afraid of making mistakes. The study concludes that everyone is actually a mixture of fixed and growth mindsets, continually evolving with experience. Whatever we say or don't say to our kids, the key is to get them more comfortable with failures big or small.
It's helpful for kids to understand that you make mistakes and learn how they happen. When you chat with them, you can describe what you learned, or how you strategized a solution. "You don't have to deny you have negative emotional reactions," Dweck said. "We, as a society, don't do that enough because we feel embarrassed when we make mistakes." But if we discuss our missteps more and explain how we overcame them, our children can learn to do the same.
28．How did the author feel about the research advice at first
A．It was confusing. B．It was annoying.
C．It was persuasive. D．It was encouraging.
29．What do the children with a growth mindset tend to believe
A．Smartness is the key to success.
B．Difficulties in daily life teach them a lot.
C．Their abilities can be improved through hard work.
D．They are impressive due to their good grades on tests.
30．What does Dweck suggest parents do
A．Help children face failures positively.
B．Hide their negative feelings from children.
C．Remind children to avoid making mistakes.
D．Pay attention to developing children's intelligence.
31．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Ways to Cultivate Smart Children
B．The Effect of a Fixed Mindset on Children
C．The Power of Proper Praise for Children's Growth
D．The Importance of a Growth Mindset in Parenting
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读理解
Most of us are familiar with Groundhog Day, wherein a large groundhog checks to see its shadow on February 2 and helps to predict when winter will end. But have you ever heard about how a mountain town in North Carolina uses a caterpillar （毛 毛 虫） known as the Woolly Worm to make similar predictions
According to the folklore（民间传说）, the amount of black on the woolly worm in autumn predicts the severity of the upcoming winter. The longer the woolly worm's black bands (带） are, the longer, colder, snowier, and more severe the winter will be. Similarly, a wider middle brown band is associated with a milder upcoming winter. The position of the longest dark bands supposedly indicates which part of winter will be coldest or hardest. If the head end of the caterpillar is dark, the beginning of winter will be severe. If the tail end is dark, the end of winter will be cold. In addition, the woolly worm caterpillar has 13 segments to its body, which traditional forecasters say correspond to the 13 weeks of winter.
Scientific studies on worm forecasting are few and far between. The most often cited is a small trial that American Museum of Natural History entomologist Howard Curran conducted in 1948. Having heard about the caterpillar folklore, Curran traveled to Bear Mountain State Park to collect woolly worms each fall for eight years. He found that if the worms had brown markings on more than a third of their body, winters tended to be milder.
Most scientists discount the folklore of caterpillar predictions as just a folklore. "It's a wonderful story, but I do think it was a playful trial," says Joe Boggs, an entomologist at Ohio State University Extension who has studied woolly worms. "Curran was a real scientist. He had a bunch of papers published, but he never published this one—probably because he knew it wouldn't stand up to peer review."
Mike Peters, an entomologist at the University of Massachusetts, doesn't disagree, but he says there could be a link between the band of a woolly worm and the severity of winter. Peters suggests that the timing of their growth and environmental conditions, such as temperature, moisture levels, and food sources, can impact the appearance of woolly worms, including their size, coloration, and band patterns. By analyzing these characteristics, researchers can potentially infer information about the weather conditions. "The band does say something about a heavy winter," he says. "The only thing is that it's telling you about the previous year."
32．How do people predict the weather through woolly worms
A．By analyzing their living habits.
B．By measuring the change of their size.
C．By studying color bands on their bodies.
D．By calculating the number of their segments.
33．What is Howard Curran's finding based on
A．A survey on the locals.
B．His personal observations.
C．Studies by previous scientists.
D．Statistics collected by the museum.
34．What does the underlined word "discount" in paragraph 4 mean
A．consider. B．believe. C．doubt. D．dismiss.
35．Which statement might Mike Peters agree with
A．The caterpillar forecasting needs long-term data to support it.
B．The color band of caterpillars can be a mirror of past weather.
C．The cold environment has a great impact on caterpillars' growth.
D．Woolly worms can help predict the severity of winter accurately.
四、第二部分，阅读，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You might have heard of the expression "a guilty pleasure"—maybe it's the chocolate bar you buy on the way home from work, or the new clothes that you don't really need. 　36． 　. Perhaps we don't feel we deserved it, or we don't think it was a responsible way to spend our money. But should we feel like this Do we really have to feel guilty about treating ourselves
Perhaps not. Psychologists have suggested that buying things for yourself can make you feel better as it provides an opportunity to take control of your situation.　37． 　. It may be that as well as lifting your mood, when you buy a treat, you might just be looking after yourself.
Of course, there are also examples of people turning to destructive behaviour when faced with stressful circumstances. People might spend money that they don't have or turn to dangerous addictions. Psychologist Leon Seltzer considers the difference between self-indulgence and self-nurturing.　38． 　 , while self-nurturing is taking responsible decisions to satisfy our needs and take care of ourselves in ways that don't have a significant impact.
　39． 　. So, many universities publish guides with advice for coping with exam stress. Reflecting the difference between self-indulgence and self-nurture, they recommend rewarding yourself for your efforts, doing things that you enjoy and are good at so that you can feel accomplishment.　40． 　 . Thus, perhaps, as long as we make responsible decisions, we shouldn't feel guilty about our guilty pleasures.
A. Exams are vital for students.
B. Self-indulgence can have negative consequences
C. The difference becomes evident when students manage exam pressure
D. They also recommend embracing activities that could dampen your spirits
E. Besides, you should avoid things that may make you feel worse afterwards
F. It comes from the idea that when we treat ourselves, it can sometimes leave us feeling guilty
G. It can give you social contact as well as a confidence boost from changes you make to your self-image
五、第三部分，英语知识运用，第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Tom Blake was a young boy, watching a jet（喷气式飞机） streak across the sky, he knew flying was what he wanted to do when he grew up.
After five years' training, he finally 41． his dream job in his late twenties—working as an airline pilot. But in 2019, the travel firm he was 42． for collapsed.
By this time Mr Blake had become increasingly 43． the growing threat of climate change, and the aviation industry's carbon emissions. "I had an uncomfortable 44． ," he says. "I was really eager to get involved in 45． protest groups, but I knew it would be career suicide, and I had a lot of 46． . It would be easier to return to the industry and pay them off."
Yet with the COVID-19 pandemic grounding aircraft, Mr Blake decided to quit his flying 47． for good. "I prefer flying and 48． interesting destinations, and earning a decent 49． ."says Mr Blake. "But when we are 50． the climate and ecological emergency, how could I possibly 51． my needs We need to think about how to 52． the biggest threat to humanity."
Giving up his dream job was a 53． decision, he says. "Financially I've been really 54． . It's been challenging." But he adds, "Taking action has 55． my anxiety."
Mr Blake is now a climate activist.
41．A． quitted B． changed C． completed D． landed
42．A． waiting B． preparing C． working D． looking
43．A． concerned about B． puzzled at
C． engaged in D． experienced in
44．A． goal B． conflict C． solution D． approach
45．A． political B． economical
C． environmental D． technical
46．A． regrets B． debts C． pressures D． troubles
47．A． schedule B． dream C． ambition D． career
48．A． discovering B． selecting C． searching D． visiting
49．A． salary B． honor C． award D． fame
50．A． accustomed to B． faced with
C． addicted to D． trapped in
51．A． remove B． ignore C． meet D． create
52．A． issue B． introduce C． imagine D． handle
53．A． tough B． wise C． reasonable D． positive
54．A． saving B． struggling C． investing D． contributing
55．A． covered B． stimulated C． eased D． driven
六、第三部分，英语知识运用，第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has set a new record for creating sustained high temperatures after the "artificial sun" ran five times 　56． 　 (hot) than the sun for more than 17 minutes.
The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST),　57． 　 (know) as an"artificial sun"， reached temperatures of up to 70,000,000℃ during the experiment.
The extreme heat 　58． 　 (create) in a nuclear fusion reactor, which is part of the EAST project. It reproduces the natural 　59． 　 (reaction) that happen inside the sun and other stars. The scientists want to develop the "artificial sun" to provide a near-endless supply of clean energy 　60． 　 human beings.
Scientists around the world have been trying for decades to develop nuclear fusion. They say it is the best way 　61． 　 (produce) clean energy. The nuclear fusion process needs no fossil fuels 　62． 　 leaves behind no dangerous waste. If scientists can make it work, the world will become greener and cleaner. Nuclear fusion technology is still not 　63． 　 (advance) enough to become a global industry. However, the EAST project is an important step.
"The recent operation lays 　64． 　 solid scientific and experimental foundation towards the running of a fusion reactor," said Gong Xianzu, a researcher at the Institute of Plasma Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,　65． 　 led the latest experiment.
七、第四部分，写作（共两节，满分40分）
66．（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack得知你所住的村庄上周遭遇了洪灾，来信关心灾情和灾后重建。请你给他写一封邮件回复他。内容包括：1.感谢关心；2.介绍灾情、救灾和灾后重建情况。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
……
Yours,
Li Hua
67．（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Oliver was a small and introvert（内向的） boy who kept to himself. He was quiet and preferred indoor activities. Sitting in the corner of the class, he was very much a loner.
At the beginning of the semester, Oliver had a new classmate, Alan, who had just returned to England. Alan was assigned a seat next to Oliver. To his surprise, within weeks, he became good friends with Alan even though they were poles apart in personality. Alan was popular, outspoken and artistic. "Alan is all that I want to be," Oliver thought to himself. He began listening to the music Alan listened to and having similar haircut. He even quit his drama club and started playing the online games that Alan played. He seemed to have been out of his loneliness.
It was not long before Oliver was introduced to Alan's "cool" friends. He told himself that he would try all means to be part of the group. He would follow them to the football games and join the art club after school so he could spend more time hanging out with them. Oliver followed them around laughing when they told jokes, agreeing when they had opinions—most enthusiastically at the ones he disagreed with. He did not dare to differ in opinions as he would not want them to think badly of him. This continued for several months. At last, Oliver felt relieved that he had finally fitted in.
One day, Oliver overheard Alan and his cool friends talking. "Oliver is such a loser," one boy commented in a playful tone. "He just follows you around trying to be you. He copies you; he does not have a personality of his own!" another boy exclaimed. Alan laughed, to make matters worse, he added, "That fellow wears me out. I wish he would leave me alone. He thinks we are best friends. A thorough fool!"
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Oliver stood still tothe ground and could not believe his ears.
Paragraph 2:
Oliver decided to change himself after hearing his mother's words.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: What time is it now, Lisa
W: It's 9:30 a. m., Mr. Johnson.
M: Remind me to call my wife half an hour later.
W: Okay, Sir.
【分析】问题：男发言人将于什么时候打电话给他的妻子？根据"It's 9:30 a. m., Mr. Johnson."约翰逊先生，现在九点半。；以及"Remind me to call my wife half an hour later."请在半小时后提醒我打电话给我妻子。可推知，男发言人将于十点打电话给他的妻子，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意抓住关键词汇，在听录音时，注意抓住关键词汇，特别是与题目和选项相关的词汇。这些词汇往往能帮助我们理解对话的核心内容，从而更容易找到正确答案。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: I didn't run through the red light, Officer. Why did you ask me to pull over
M: You over speeded, Miss, and here is your ticket.
【分析】问题：为什么男发言人叫停女发言人？根据"Why did you ask me to pull over "为什么要叫我停车？；以及"You over speeded, Miss."小姐，你超速了。可推知，男发言人叫停女发言人的原因是女发言人超速了，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意语气和语调，语气和语调可以传达说话者的情感和态度，有助于我们更好地理解对话的言外之意。在听录音时，要注意捕捉说话者的语气和语调变化，从而更全面地理解对话内容。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Lucy, look! Is that your little Daisy on that rooftop
W: Oh, stupid kitty! I've told her a million times not to chase those birds. She could get hurt if she dropped!
【分析】问题：黛西是什么？根据"Lucy, look! Is that your little Daisy on that rooftop "路西，看啊！是你家的小黛西在屋顶吗？；以及"Oh, stupid kitty!"哦，小傻猫！可推知，黛西是一只猫，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意理解言外之意，有时，对话中的言外之意比字面意思更重要。因此，在听录音时，要注意理解说话者的隐含意图和言外之意，以便更准确地回答问题。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Ms. Green, I am afraid if your son keeps annoying other students in class, I'll have to ask you to find a better school for him.
W: I'm so sorry, Mr. Peterson. I promise I'll teach him to behave.
【分析】问题：两位发言人之间可能是什么关系？根据"Ms. Green, I am afraid if your son keeps annoying other students in class, I'll have to ask you to find a better school for him."格林女士，我恐怕如果你儿子继续在课堂上干扰其他学生的话，我将要求你为他找一所更好的学校了。可推知，两位发言人可能是校长和家长，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意理解对话逻辑，听力短对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。
5．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Do you know Mary was sent to St Andrew's mental institution last Friday by her family
M: No way! What's wrong with her
W: She went mad after her son was killed in the car accident.
M: Oh, I feel so sorry for her.
【分析】问题：玛莉发生了什么事？根据"She went mad after her son was killed in the car accident."在她儿子在车祸中丧生之后，她发疯了。可推知，玛莉发疯了，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意排除干扰信息，在听力短对话中，往往存在一些与题目无关或误导性的信息。在解题时，要学会排除这些干扰信息，专注于与题目相关的内容，从而避免被误导。
【答案】6．C
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: The weather is really annoying, isn't it
W: Tell me about it. The combination of rain plus humidity and hotness—I really hate it.
M: Yeah, I intended to play basketball with Jack on the outside playground, but now it's all ruined. Anyway, I guess I'll just play some computer games at home. Do you want to join me
W: I need to do the laundry first. I'll come to you when I finish it.
【分析】本段长对话中，男女发言人主要围绕天气状况和接下来要做的事情展开对话。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意转折与连接词，转折和连接词在听力长对话中扮演着重要的角色。它们不仅能够帮助考生理解对话的逻辑结构，还能提示重要信息的出现。因此，考生在听录音时，要特别注意这些词汇，以便更好地把握对话的整体意义。
6．问题：现在的天气怎么样？根据"The combination of rain plus humidity and hotness—I really hate it."下雨再加上湿热，我不喜欢这种天气。可推知，现在的天气是湿热的，故选C。
7．问题：接下来男发言人要去做什么事情？根据"Anyway, I guess I'll just play some computer games at home. "不管怎样，我想我将在家里玩电脑游戏。可推知，接下来男发言人要玩电脑游戏，故选B。
【答案】8．A
9．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Nancy, I remember that one time you made a jar of really nice pumpkin dip.
W: Oh, yeah, that was a popular one. Everyone in my son's birthday party seemed to enjoy it.
M: What do you need for it
W: It's really easy. All you need is one can of cooked pumpkin, one half pound block of cream cheese, powdered sugar, and a few spices. Do you want me to teach you how to make it
M: Great! I just intended to ask you to do me that favor. Thanks!
【分析】本段长对话中，男女发言人主要围绕制作南瓜酱来展开对话。
【点评】考查长对话理解。理解对话逻辑，听力长对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。注意抓住关键信息，在听录音时，要注意抓住关键信息，如人名、地名、数字、时间等。这些信息往往是回答问题的关键所在，考生需要特别留意。同时，还要注意对话中的重点句子和段落，它们通常包含了对话的核心内容。
8．问题：女发言人制作的南瓜酱是为了什么场合准备的？根据"Nancy, I remember that one time you made a jar of really nice pumpkin dip."南希，我记得有一次你制作了一罐非常美味的南瓜酱。；以及"Oh, yeah, that was a popular one. Everyone in my son's birthday party seemed to enjoy it."哦，是的，那一罐南瓜酱非常受欢迎。我儿子生日宴会上的每个人似乎都很喜欢吃。可推知，女发言人制作的南瓜酱是为了她儿子的生日宴会准备的，故选A。
9．问题：制作南瓜酱需要什么？根据"All you need is one can of cooked pumpkin, one half pound block of cream cheese, powdered sugar, and a few spices. "你所需要的所有东西包括一罐煮熟的南瓜，一块一点五磅重的奶油干酪，糖粉和一些调味料。可推知，制作南瓜酱需要一些调味料，故选B。
【答案】10．C
11．B
12．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Juan, what's your favorite Mexican holiday
M: Definitely the Day of the Dead.
W: What is that It sounds a little scary.
M: It's not really scary for us Mexicans. Actually that day we celebrate, well, not celebrate, but remember our family members who are already dead.
W: OK. How do you remember then
M: We put a big table decorated with flowers, bread, coffee or whatever the person that is dead used to like and we think that on that day that person is going to come back from the dead.
W: I see. And when do you have the holiday
M: It's on November the first, and the second too.
W: Do you do it just for your family or do you go and visit friends or other relatives
M: No, we only keep it within the family actually.
【分析】本段长对话中，男女发言人主要围绕墨西哥的亡灵节展开对话。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意边听边做笔记，在听录音时，考生可以尝试边听边做笔记，记录关键信息和重要细节。这有助于考生在回答问题时迅速回忆起相关信息，避免遗漏或混淆。做笔记时，要简洁明了，重点突出，避免记录过多无关信息。
10．问题：开始女发言人认为假期怎么样？根据"What is that It sounds a little scary."那是什么？听起来有点害怕。可推知，对话开始时，女发言人感到有点害怕，故选C。
11．问题：假期持续了多长时间？根据"It's on November the first, and the second too."十一月一号，二号也是。可推知，假期一共持续两天。故选B。
12．问题：男发言人在假期里做了什么事情？根据"We put a big table decorated with flowers, bread, coffee or whatever the person that is dead used to like and we think that on that day that person is going to come back from the dead."我们把花，面包，咖啡或者逝者生前喜欢的东西放在桌子上并且我们认为在那一天逝者会起死回生。可推知，男发言人在假期为逝者准备了食物，故选C。
【答案】13．C
14．A
15．B
16．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】 W: John, you seem to be a little bit mad. Did I say something wrong
M: No, Julia. It's not about you.
W: Oh Then what is it
M: Haven't you noticed that red car It keeps trying to cut in. I'll teach that young lady who is the better driver.
W: John, you've been caught by your road rage again... We are not in a hurry anyway. Just let her pass.
M: Err, sorry, Julia. I just become easily losing my temper when I'm driving. I took these pills an hour ago to make myself calm, but it doesn't seem to work at all.
W: You know the yoga class I've been taking It really helps me get my inner peace. Why don't you come with me next time and give it a go
M: Err, it's so girly. I just can't find a man I know doing yoga. So forget about it.
【分析】本段长对话中，男女发言人主要围绕如何控制脾气展开对话。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意识别重复和强调，在对话中，重复和强调往往是对话者想要传达的重要信息。考生要注意识别这些表达方式，并重点关注这些信息。同时，也要注意对话者的语气和语调变化，它们也可以帮助考生识别重要信息。注意语气和语调，语气和语调可以传达说话者的情感和态度，有助于我们更好地理解对话的言外之意。在听录音时，要注意捕捉说话者的语气和语调变化，从而更全面地理解对话内容。
13．问题：男发言人感觉怎么样？根据"John, you seem to be a little bit mad."约翰，你似乎有些生气。可推知，男发言人感到生气，故选C。
14．问题：对话可能发生在哪里？根据"Haven't you noticed that red car It keeps trying to cut in. I'll teach that young lady who is the better driver."你难道没有注意到那辆红车吗？它一直试图超车。我要让那个年轻的女士明白谁是更好的驾驶员。可推知，对话可能发生在车里，故选A。
15．问题：女发言人建议男发言人用什么来控制脾气？根据"You know the yoga class I've been taking It really helps me get my inner peace. Why don't you come with me next time and give it a go "你了解我一直在上的瑜伽课吗？它真的能帮助我收敛脾气。为什么下次不和我一起去试试呢？可推知，女发言人建议男发言人通过瑜伽课来控制脾气，故选B。
16．问题：男发言人对建议的态度是什么？根据"I just can't find a man I know doing yoga. So forget about it."我还没有发现男人做瑜伽的。那就不要提了。可推知，男发言人不同意女发言人的建议，故选B。
【答案】17．A
18．B
19．B
20．C
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】Working more than 25 hours a week could be negatively affecting the intelligence of employees over age 40, according to a study conducted on more than 6,000 workers by the researchers in Australia. They said that working 25 hours a week was the ideal amount of time for brain functioning. The researchers believe that our "fluid intelligence", or how well we process information, begins its decline around the age of 20, while the ability to use knowledge and experience, goes down around age 30. By the time we turn 40, our performance in memory tests and pattern recognition exercises tends to decline. The researchers have also looked into the effect of care-taking on brain functioning in middle age. By age 40, many employees are also taking care of children or a parent or both, creating a job on top of a job. This life style would cause a lot of pressure and less sleep, which definitely is a negative factor for our brain functioning. The study noted that the effect of excessive work hours affected both genders equally.
【分析】本段独白主要谈论的是不同工作时长对大脑在不同年龄段的影响。
【点评】考查独白理解。注意逻辑分析与推理，听力独白往往需要考生进行一定的逻辑分析和推理。考生需要根据听到的内容，结合已有的知识和经验，进行综合分析，从而得出正确的答案。注意识别关键信息与词汇，在听录音时，要注意识别关键信息和词汇。这些关键信息可能包括人名、地名、时间、数字等细节，也可能是一些重要的概念或观点。同时，要注意与题目和选项相关的词汇，以便在回答问题时能够迅速找到答案。注意借助上下文推测信息，在听力独白中，有些信息可能并不直接给出，但考生可以通过上下文进行推测。例如，根据前文提到的内容或语境，可以推断出某些未明确表述的信息或意图。
17．问题：每个周大脑运转的理想工作时间是多少？根据"They said that working 25 hours a week was the ideal amount of time for brain functioning."他们说一周工作25小时是大脑运转的理想时长。可推知，每个周大脑运转的理想工作时间是25小时，故选A。
18．问题：三十岁时大脑的那种表现趋于下降？根据" while the ability to use knowledge and experience, goes down around age 30."然而使用知识和经验的能力在30岁时下降，故选B。
19．问题：中年时期什么对大脑运转的影响已经被研究了？根据"The researchers have also looked into the effect of care-taking on brain functioning in middle age."研究者也调查了在中年时期照顾对大脑运转的影响。可推知，中年时期照顾对大脑运转的影响已经被研究了，故选B。
20．问题：哪一种性别更容易被过度的工作影响？根据"The study noted that the effect of excessive work hours affected both genders equally."研究还强调过度的工作时长对两性有着平等的影响，故选C。
【答案】21．A
22．D
23．C
【知识点】细节理解题；文学艺术类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了火花读书俱乐部的推荐书籍《不可思议的发明》和相关活动。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
21．细节理解题。根据Win!部分中"We have five copies of Kay's Incredible Inventions to give away. For a chance to win a copy, just fill in the entry form at /twj-books before the closing date of 20 March at 8 pm.(我们有五本凯的《不可思议的发明》要送人。只要在3月20日晚上8点截止日期之前在/twj-books上填写报名表，就有机会赢得一份副本)"可知，读者想要赢得一本《不可思议的发明》需要先按要求填写在线表格。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据Readers' recommendations部分中"Jack London was born almost 150 years ago on 12 January 1876. His novel, The Call of the Wild, is the story of Buck, a dog who has an epic adventure with gold hunters in the wilds of northern Canada.(杰克·伦敦出生于近150年前的1876年1月12日。他的小说《野性的呼唤》讲述了一只名叫巴克(Buck)的狗在加拿大北部荒野与黄金猎人一起经历了一场史诗般的冒险)"可知，杰克·伦敦的书中的主角是一只名为Buck的狗。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据Book of the week(每周之书)部分中"Kay's Incredible Inventionsby Adam Kay, illustrated by Henry Pake (亚当·凯《不可思议的发明》，亨利·帕克配图)"可知，SparkLit Book Club把凯的书《不可思议的发明》选为本周最佳。故选C。
【答案】24．B
25．A
26．C
27．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；医疗保健类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述自然摄影师Doogue通过拍摄挽救了抑郁的自己，并通过分享他的作品和经历，鼓励和帮助更多患有心理健康疾病的人。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
24．主旨大意题。根据第一段"Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had been suffering from depression when he first found his passion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured inNational Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. " In the beginning, I was so paranoid (多疑的) and angry that I couldn't leave the house, " says Doogue. " When I attempted to end my life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and that's when I started photography. "(34岁的马特·杜格是一名自然摄影师，当他第一次发现自己对拍摄昆虫的热情时，他一直患有抑郁症，他的作品现在已经登上了《国家地理》杂志。他说，九年前他在人生跌入谷底后曾试图自杀。"一开始，我非常偏执和愤怒，以至于我不能离开家，"道格说。"当我试图结束自己的生命时，我知道我需要见一个人。我去看了医生，接受了治疗，但我知道我需要更多，于是我开始摄影。")"可知，文章第一段主要讲述Doogue从事摄影的原因。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"It had a calming effect that helped him to disconnect from stress; and his astonishing images, showing insects and spiders in amazing detail against brightly colored backgrounds, caught the eye of publishers atNational Geographic.(它有镇静作用，帮助他从压力中解脱出来；他的这些惊人的照片，在色彩鲜艳的背景下，以惊人的细节展示了昆虫和蜘蛛，引起了《国家地理》杂志出版商的注意。)"可知，Doogue通过自然摄影，帮助自己摆脱压力。故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle of an epidemic (流行病) of male suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. "I think the problem is this man-up approach; the idea that men need to be strong puts so much pressure on young males to be fine all the time," says Doogue.(尽管他担心苏格兰正处于男性自杀泛滥的时期，但他相信分享自己对自然摄影的热爱也能帮助其他人应对心理健康问题。"我认为问题在于这种男性化的方式；男性需要强壮的观念给年轻男性施加了很大的压力，让他们一直保持健康，"道格说。)"可推断，男人被期待变强大和坚强的想法给苏格兰的年轻男性很大压力，导致他们患有心理健康疾病。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段"Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had been suffering from depression when he first found his passion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured inNational Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. " In the beginning, I was so paranoid (多疑的) and angry that I couldn't leave the house, " says Doogue. " When I attempted to end my life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and that's when I started photography. "(34岁的马特·杜格是一名自然摄影师，当他第一次发现自己对拍摄昆虫的热情时，他一直患有抑郁症，他的作品现在已经登上了《国家地理》杂志。他说，九年前他在人生跌入谷底后曾试图自杀。"一开始，我非常偏执和愤怒，以至于我不能离开家，"道格说。"当我试图结束自己的生命时，我知道我需要见一个人。我去看了医生，接受了治疗，但我知道我需要更多，于是我开始摄影。")"及第三段中的"Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle of an epidemic (流行病) of male suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. (尽管他担心苏格兰正处于男性自杀泛滥的时期，但他相信分享自己对自然摄影的热爱也能帮助其他人应对心理健康问题。)"可推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是：介绍Doogue抵抗抑郁症的经历，并希望通过分享他的经历帮助更多有心理健康疾病的人，故选A。
【答案】28．B
29．C
30．A
31．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了"成长心态"，以及每个人实际上都是固定心态和成长型心态的混合体，并随着经验不断进化；我们要让孩子更适应或大或小的失败。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"But decades of research now suggest that we should not tell our children they're "smart" when they do impressive things. When I first heard it, I felt instinctively irritated.(但几十年的研究表明，当我们的孩子做了令人印象深刻的事情时，我们不应该说他们"聪明"。当我第一次听到它时，我本能地感到恼火)"可知，作者在第一次听到研究的建议时，第一反应是恼怒的。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"It all goes back to something called ‘growth' mindset, a term developed and popularized by Carol Dweck, a professor of psychology at Stanford. Professor Dweck believes that we can change our abilities through effort and strategy.(这一切都要追溯到所谓的‘成长'心态，这个术语是由斯坦福大学心理学教授Carol Dweck提出并推广的。Dweck教授认为，我们可以通过努力和策略来改变自己的能力)"可知，斯坦福大学心理学教授Carol Dweck 提出了"成长型"心态的概念，他认为我们可以通过努力和策略来改变自己的能力。由此可知，拥有"成长型"心态的孩子倾向于相信他们的能力可以通过努力得到提升。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中"A 2016 study by Dweck showed that parents' ‘failure mind-sets' affect their children more than their views on intelligence. In other words, if parents think that failure is shameful, their children are more likely to be afraid of making mistakes.(Dweck 2016年的一项研究表明，父母的‘失败心态'比他们对智力的看法对孩子的影响更大。换句话说，如果父母认为失败是可耻的，他们的孩子就更有可能害怕犯错)"和"Whatever we say or don't say to our kids, the key is to get them more comfortable with failures big or small.(无论我们对孩子说什么或不说什么，关键是让他们更适应或大或小的失败)"以及最后一段中"It's helpful for kids to understand that you make mistakes and learn how they happen. When you chat with them, you can describe what you learned, or how you strategized a solution.(这对孩子们理解你犯错误并了解它们是如何发生的很有帮助。当你和他们聊天时，你可以描述你学到了什么，或者你是如何制定解决方案的)"和"But if we discuss our missteps more and explain how we overcame them, our children can learn to do the same.(但是，如果我们更多地讨论我们的错误，并解释我们是如何克服它们的，我们的孩子就能学会做同样的事情)"可知，父母的"失败心态"对孩子的影响很大，如果父母认为失败是可耻的，他们的孩子就更有可能害怕犯错，关键是让他们适应那些或大或小的失败，让孩子们知道错误是怎么产生的，当你和他们聊天时，你可以描述你学到了什么， 或者你是如何制定解决方案的，如果我们能更多地讨论我们的错误， 并解释我们是如何克服它们的，我们的孩子就能学会做同样的事情。由此可推知，Dweck建议家长要帮助孩子积极地面对失败。故选A。
31．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，结合第二段中的"It all goes back to something called ‘growth' mindset, a term developed and popularized by Carol Dweck, a professor of psychology at Stanford.(这一切都要追溯到所谓的‘成长'心态，这个术语是由斯坦福大学心理学教授Carol Dweck提出并推广的)"可知，文章主要介绍了父母称赞孩子聪明可能会让孩子形成"固定型"心态，相信能力是天生的，不能改变。心理学家 Dweck 提出了"成长型"心态的理论，认为我们可以通过努力和策略来改变自己的能力，并强调了家长要引导孩子正确对待错误和失败，鼓励他们接受失败并从中学习。D项意为"成长型心态在养育子女中的重要性"，能够概括此内容。故选D。
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．D
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了"毛毛虫是否能"预测"冬季天气 "的问题。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段"According to the folklore (民间传说), the amount of black on the woolly worm in autumn predicts the severity of the upcoming winter. The longer the woolly worm's black bands (带) are, the longer, colder, snowier, and more severe the winter will be. Similarly, a wider middle brown band is associated with a milder upcoming winter. The position of the longest dark bands supposedly indicates which part of winter will be coldest or hardest. If the head end of the caterpillar is dark, the beginning of winter will be severe. If the tail end is dark, the end of winter will be cold. In addition, the woolly worm caterpillar has 13 segments to its body, which traditional forecasters say correspond to the 13 weeks of winter.(根据民间传说，秋天毛茸茸的虫子身上的黑色数量预示着即将到来的冬天的严重程度。毛茸茸的蠕虫的黑色带越长，冬天就越长、越冷、越多雪，也就越严酷。同样，较宽的中间棕色带与即将到来的温和冬季有关。据推测，最长的暗带的位置表明冬天的哪个部分将是最冷或最硬的。如果毛毛虫的头端是黑色的，冬天的开始将是严重的。如果尾巴末端是黑色的，冬天结束时就会很冷。此外，毛虫的身体有13节，传统的预报员说，这与冬季的13周相对应)"可知，人们是通过研究毛毛虫身上的颜色来预测天气的。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段"Having heard about the caterpillar folklore, Curran traveled to Bear Mountain State Park to collect woolly worms each fall for eight years. He found that if the worms had brown markings on more than a third of their body, winters tended to be milder.(听说了毛毛虫的民间传说，柯伦每年秋天都去熊山州立公园收集毛茸茸的蠕虫，持续了八年。他发现，如果这些蠕虫身上有超过三分之一的褐色斑纹，冬天就会比较温和)"可知，Curran的发现是基于他自己的观察。故选B。
34．词义猜测题。根据划线词后文"It's a wonderful story, but I do think it was a playful trial(这是一个精彩的故事，但我确实认为这是一个有趣的试验)"可知，Joe Boggs表示这确实是一个精彩的故事，但不是一个严肃的试验。说明大多数科学家没有考虑毛毛虫预言的民间传说，故划线词意思是"不予考虑; 对……不屑一提"。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Mike Peters, an entomologist at the University of Massachusetts, doesn't disagree, but he says there could be a link between the band of a woolly worm and the severity of winter. Peters suggests that the timing of their growth and environmental conditions, such as temperature, moisture levels, and food sources, can impact the appearance of woolly worms, including their size, coloration, and band patterns. By analyzing these characteristics, researchers can potentially infer information about the weather conditions. "The band does say something about a heavy winter," he says. "The only thing is that it's telling you about the previous year."(马萨诸塞州大学的昆虫学家迈克·彼得斯并不反对这种说法，但他表示，毛茸茸的蠕虫和严冬之间可能存在联系。彼得斯认为，它们的生长时间和环境条件，如温度、湿度水平和食物来源，都会影响毛茸茸的蠕虫的外观，包括它们的大小、颜色和条纹图案。通过分析这些特征，研究人员可以潜在地推断出有关天气状况的信息。他说："色带确实表达了一些关于严冬的东西。唯一的问题是，它会告诉你前一年的情况。")"可推知，Mike Peters认为毛毛虫身上的色带可以反映过去的天气情况。故选B。
【答案】36．F；37．G；38．B；39．C；40．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，讨论了"内疚的快感"这一概念，即人们在犒劳自己时可能会感到内疚，但心理学家认为这种行为实际上可以提升情绪并照顾自己。文章还区分了自我放纵和自我培养的概念，并讨论了如何在面对压力时做出负责任的决定。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。七选五解题的一些实用技巧如下。第一，快速浏览全文，把握文章主旨。在开始解题前，快速浏览全文，了解文章的大致内容和主题，有助于更好地理解和判断每个选项的合适性。第二，注意段首句和段尾句。段首句往往是对整段的概括或引入，而段尾句则常常是对该段的总结或结论。因此，关注这些句子有助于我们快速了解段落的主旨，从而更好地选择答案。第三，利用上下文语境和逻辑关系进行推断。在选择答案时，要仔细阅读上下文，寻找与选项相关的线索和信息，如关联词、同义词、反义词等。同时，也要根据逻辑关系进行推断，如因果、转折、并列等，从而确定正确答案。第四，排除法也是一种有效的解题方法。当面对多个选项时，可以先排除与文章主旨或上下文不符的选项，然后再根据剩余选项的内容进行比较和选择。
36．前文"You might have heard of the expression "a guilty pleasure"—maybe it's the chocolate bar you buy on the way home from work, or the new clothes that you don't really need.(你可能听说过"内疚的快感"这个表达——也许是你下班回家路上买的巧克力棒，或者是你并不真正需要的新衣服)"引出"内疚的快感"这个概念，F选项"它来自于这样一种观点：当我们善待自己时，有时会让我们感到内疚"为对于前文概念来源的解释，与后文"Perhaps we don't feel we deserved it, or we don't think it was a responsible way to spend our money.(也许我们觉得我们不配，或者我们不认为这是一种负责任的花钱方式)"相呼应，it指代"购物善待自己"。故选F。
37．前文"Psychologists have suggested that buying things for yourself can make you feel better as it provides an opportunity to take control of your situation.(心理学家表明，为自己买东西可以让你感觉更好，因为它提供了一个控制自己处境的机会)"表明心理学家说明为什么给自己买东西会让自我感觉更好，后文"It may be that as well as lifting your mood, when you buy a treat, you might just be looking after yourself.(当你买东西的时候，除了能让你心情好起来，你可能只是在照顾自己)"表示给自己购物的好处和潜在意图，G选项"它可以给你社会联系，也可以从你对自我形象的改变中增强自信"为解释前文心理学家的观点，说明给自己购物的好处，且句型与后文It may be that as well as构成并列关系。故选G。
38．前文"Psychologist Leon Seltzer considers the difference between self-indulgence and self-nurturing.(心理学家Leon Seltzer考虑了自我放纵和自我培养的区别)"提到了心理学家看待两者之间的区别，结合后文"while self-nurturing is taking responsible decisions to satisfy our needs and take care of ourselves in ways that don't have a significant impact.(而自我培养是做出负责任的决定来满足我们的需求，并以不产生重大影响的方式照顾好自己)"说明自我培养的特点可知，空处应说明自我放纵的问题，B选项"自我放纵会带来负面后果"与后文谈及自我培养形成对比。故选B。
39．根据后文"So, many universities publish guides with advice for coping with exam stress.(因此，许多大学出版了应对考试压力的指南)"可知，空处应说明，大学为什么出版考试压力指南，结合上文讲到"自我培养"和"自我放纵"的区别可知，C选项"当学生应对考试压力时，这种差异就变得明显了"承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
40．前文"Reflecting the difference between self-indulgence and self-nurture, they recommend rewarding yourself for your efforts, doing things that you enjoy and are good at so that you can feel accomplishment.(他们建议对自己的努力给予奖励，做自己喜欢和擅长的事情，这样你就能感受到成就感，这反映了自我放纵和自我培养之间的区别)"表示学校指南的建议，后文"Thus, perhaps, as long as we make responsible decisions, we shouldn't feel guilty about our guilty pleasures.(因此，也许，只要我们做出负责任的决定，我们就不应该对我们的罪恶感感到内疚)"表示我们应负责任地做决定，E选项"此外，你应该避免那些可能会让你事后感觉更糟的事情"与上一句的建议为并列的递进关系，同样表示建议，符合结构，与文章的整体观点一致，强调负责任地对待自己的行为。故选E。
【答案】41．D；42．C；43．A；44．B；45．C；46．B；47．D；48．D；49．A；50．B；51．C；52．D；53．A；54．B；55．C
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词短语的辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Blake先生是一名飞行员，他非常关心气候变化的威胁，后来辞去工作成为一名气候活动家。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空是英语考试中常见的一种题型，旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。五、积累词汇，提高语言基础。要想在完形填空中取得好成绩，平时的词汇积累非常重要。建议学生多阅读英文文章，扩大词汇量，提高语言基础。
41．句意：经过5年的训练，他终于在快30岁的时候找到了自己梦寐以求的工作——一名航空公司飞行员。A. quitted退出；B. changed改变；C. completed完成；D. landed着陆，成功得到。根据"working as an airline pilot"可知，此处指找到梦寐以求的工作，故选D。
42．句意：但在2019年，他工作的旅游公司倒闭了。A. waiting等待；B. preparing准备；C. working工作；D. looking看。上文提到他找到了自己梦寐以求的工作——一名航空公司飞行员，结合空前"the travel firm"可知，此处指他工作的旅游公司，故选C。
43．句意：此时，Blake先生已经越来越关注日益增长的气候变化威胁，以及航空业的碳排放。A. concerned about关心，关注；B. puzzled at对……困惑；C. engaged in从事，参与；D. experienced in在……有经验。根据下文"I was really eager to get involved in ____5____ protest groups"以及文章最后一句"Mr Blake is now a climate activist.(Blake先生现在是一名气候活动家)"可知，他关注气候变化，故选A。
44．句意：他说："我有一种不舒服的矛盾。"A. goal目标；B. conflict冲突，矛盾；C. solution解决办法；D. approach方法。根据"I was really eager to get involved in ____5____ protest groups, but I knew it would be career suicide"可知，Blake先生渴望加入抗议组织，但这于职业不利，故他很矛盾，故选B。
45．句意：我真的很想加入环保抗议组织，但我知道这无异于自杀，而且我还欠了很多债。A. political政治的；B. economical经济的；C. environmental环境的；D. technical技术的。根据上文"the growing threat of climate change, and the aviation industry's carbon emissions"可知，他关心气候变化威胁以及航空业的碳排放，故他想加入环保抗议组织，故选C。
46．句意：我真的很想加入环保抗议组织，但我知道这无异于自杀，而且我还欠了很多债。A. regrets遗憾；B. debts债务；C. pressures压力；D. troubles麻烦。根据下文"pay them off(还清它们)"以及"Financially I've been really ____14____ ."可知，Blake先生欠很多债，故选B。
47．句意：然而，随着COVID-19大流行的飞机停飞，Blake先生决定永远退出他的飞行生涯。A. schedule工作日程；B. dream梦想；C. ambition野心；D. career事业。第二段中"working as an airline pilot"提到Blake是一名飞行员，故此处指退出飞行职业，下文"Giving up his dream job"也是提示，故选D。
48．句意："我更喜欢飞行和参观有趣的目的地，并挣一份体面的薪水，"Blake 先生说。A. discovering发现；B. selecting选择；C. searching搜寻；D. visiting参观，拜访。结合空后的"interesting destinations"可知，此处指参观有趣的目的地，故选D。
49．句意：我更喜欢飞行和参观有趣的目的地，并挣一份体面的薪水，"Blake 先生说。A. salary薪水；B. honor荣誉；C. award奖；D. fame名声。根据空前的"earning"可知，此处是挣一份体面的薪水，故选A。
50．句意：但是当我们面临气候和生态的紧急情况时，我怎么可能满足我的需求呢？A. accustomed to习惯于；B. faced with面临；C. addicted to沉迷于；D. trapped in困在。根据第三段中"the growing threat of climate change, and the aviation industry's carbon emissions"可知，此处指"我们面临气候和生态的紧急情况"，故选B。
51．句意：但是当我们面临气候和生态的紧急情况时，我怎么可能满足我的需求呢？A. remove移除；B. ignore忽视；C. meet满足；D. create创造。根据上文"I prefer flying and ____8____ interesting destinations, and earning a decent ____9____ ."可知，Blake先生想要飞行去各种有趣的目的地，同时能够挣一份体面的薪水，故此处满足自己的需求，故选C。
52．句意：我们需要思考如何应对人类面临的最大威胁。A. issue发出，发行；B. introduce介绍；C. imagine想象；D. handle处理，应付。结合空后"the biggest threat to humanity"以及文章最后一句"Mr Blake is now a climate activist.(Blake先生现在是一名气候活动家)"可知，此处指"我们需要思考如何应对人类面临的最大威胁"，故选D。
53．句意：他说，放弃自己梦想的工作是一个艰难的决定。A. tough艰难的；B. wise明智的；C. reasonable合理的；D. positive积极的。上文提到他欠很多债，结合下文"It's been challenging."可知，放弃自己梦想的工作是一个艰难的决定，故选A。
54．句意：我在经济上一直很挣扎。A. saving节约；B. struggling挣扎，艰难地行进；C. investing投资；D. contributing做贡献。根据"It's been challenging."可知，Blake先生在经济方面很艰难，故选B。
55．句意：但他补充说："采取行动减轻了我的焦虑。"A. covered覆盖；B. stimulated刺激，促进；C. eased缓解，减轻；D. driven驾驶，驱动。根据"It's been challenging."以及转折词But可知，虽然很有挑战，但是采取行动能够减轻焦虑，故选C。
【答案】56．hotter；57．known；58．was created；59．reactions；60．for；61．to produce；62．and；63．advanced；64．a；65．who
【知识点】动词的语态；形容词比较级；说明文；动词过去分词；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了中国"人造太阳"EAST项目创高温纪录，旨在开发清洁能源，为全球绿色发展迈出了重要的一步。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词，冠词，形容词，介词，连词，时态，语态，主谓一致，非谓语动词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。六、利用常识和逻辑。在某些情况下，可以利用常识和逻辑来解答语法填空题。例如，根据常识判断所填词汇是否符合常理，或者根据逻辑判断所填词汇是否与前后的句子内容相符合。通过利用常识和逻辑，可以更加准确地填空。七、多做练习总结。最后，多做练习是提高语法填空解题能力的有效途径。通过大量的练习，我们可以熟悉各种题型和考点，提高解题速度和准确率。同时，也要及时总结错题原因，分析解题思路和方法，以便更好地掌握语法填空题的解题技巧。
56．句意：中国创造了一项创造持续高温的新纪录，此前"人造太阳"的温度高出太阳5倍，持续时间超过17分钟。根据than"比"可知，空处hot应该用比较级形式。故填hotter。
57．句意：被称为"人造太阳"的实验先进超导托卡马克(EAST)在实验中达到了高达7000万℃的温度。分析句子可知，整个句子为一个简单句，reached为谓语动词，故空处用非谓语动词且在句中作后置定语修饰The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST)，动词know与其逻辑主语The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST)构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填known。
58．句意：极端高温是在一个核聚变反应堆中产生的，这是EAST项目的一部分。分析句子可知，空处在句中做谓语，主语heat与动词create构成被动关系，且描述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语heat为不可数名词，故be动词用was。故填was created。
59．句意：它再现了发生在太阳和其他恒星内部的自然反应。分析句子可知，空处作reproduce的宾语，且此处表示一系列反应，that引导的定语从句修饰空处先行词，结合定语从句的谓语happen为复数形式以及主谓一致原则可知，空处为名词复数。故填reactions。
60．句意：科学家们希望开发"人造太阳"，为人类提供近乎无穷无尽的清洁能源。根据语境分析可知，此处为固定短语provide sth. for sb."提供某物给某人"。故填for。
61．句意：他们说，这是生产清洁能源的最佳方式。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语且作后置定语修饰名词way，结合固定搭配the way to do sth"做某事的方法"，可知空处用不定式作后置定语。故填to produce。
62．句意：核聚变过程不需要化石燃料，也不会留下危险的废物。分析句子可知，needs no fossil fuels与leaves behind no dangerous waste在句中做并列宾语为并列关系，故用and连接。故填and。
63．句意：核聚变技术还不够先进，不足以成为一项全球性产业。分析句子可知，空处作表语，根据语境分析可知，此处表示"先进的"，故用形容词advanced。故填advanced。
64．句意："最近的操作为聚变反应堆的运行奠定了坚实的科学和实验基础，"中国科学院等离子体物理研究所研究员龚先祖说，他领导了最新的实验。分析句子可知，foundation为名词单数，表示"一个基础"为泛指，用不定冠词，solid以辅音音素开始发音，不定冠词用a。故填a。
65．句意："最近的操作为聚变反应堆的运行奠定了坚实的科学和实验基础，"中国科学院等离子体物理研究所研究员龚先祖说，他领导了最新的实验。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰Gong Xianzu，先行词为Gong Xianzu，表示人，且在非限制性定语从句中做主语，故用关系代词who引导。故填who。
66．【答案】Dear Jack,
We are very grateful for your concerns about the flood which hit our village last week.
As is reported, our village was struck by the serious flood without warning, with most of the farmland drowned and some houses made of earth fallen. Fortunately, no deaths were reported. Hardly had it occurred when the government took the immediate reaction to relieve the disaster. Besides, with the assistance of the volunteers, the rebuilding work is going on well orderly.
We are very confident that everything will return to normal soon because where there is a will, there is hope. Thank you again for your concerns.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇运用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份就朋友Jack来信关心灾情和灾后重建一事写一封邮件回复英国朋友Jack表示感谢。写作背景：假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack得知你所住的村庄上周遭遇了洪灾，来信关心灾情和灾后重建。内容包括：1.感谢关心；2.介绍灾情、救灾和灾后重建情况。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：We are very grateful for your concerns about the flood which hit our village last week.（运用了which引导的限制性定语从句）；Hardly had it occurred when the government took the immediate reaction to relieve the disaster.（运用了hardly…when句型，其中when引导时间状语从句，hardly后用部分倒装）；As is reported, our village was struck by the
serious flood without warning, with most of the farmland drowned and some houses made of earth fallen. （运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句以及with复合结构）；We are very confident
that everything will return to normal soon because where there is a will, there is hope.（运用了that引导的宾语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句）。
67．【答案】Paragraph 1:
Oliver stood still to the ground and could not believe his ears. Trembling and sobbing, he collapsed on the ground, feeling alone and betrayed. He had no choice but to cry all the way back home. Seeing his mother, he couldn't contain his sorrow, pouring the incident out to her, who would always be there for him whenever he felt down. Stroking her trembling boy, the mother said gently, "just be yourself, Son! People will like you for who you are. " Oliver had heard the remarks a million times before, yet he never truly got the point. Suddenly, it all clicked.
Paragraph 2:
Oliver decided to change himself after hearing his mother's words. He bought a new schoolbag and chose a haircut he fancied. He dropped his art class and joined the drama club. He made new friends who l广西壮族自治区“贵百河”2024届4月高三新高考模拟二模英语试题
一、第一部分，听力，第一节，听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） When will the man call his wife
A．9:30 a. m. B．10:00 a. m. C．10:30a. m.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: What time is it now, Lisa
W: It's 9:30 a. m., Mr. Johnson.
M: Remind me to call my wife half an hour later.
W: Okay, Sir.
【分析】问题：男发言人将于什么时候打电话给他的妻子？根据"It's 9:30 a. m., Mr. Johnson."约翰逊先生，现在九点半。；以及"Remind me to call my wife half an hour later."请在半小时后提醒我打电话给我妻子。可推知，男发言人将于十点打电话给他的妻子，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意抓住关键词汇，在听录音时，注意抓住关键词汇，特别是与题目和选项相关的词汇。这些词汇往往能帮助我们理解对话的核心内容，从而更容易找到正确答案。
2．（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） Why did the man stop the woman
A．She ran the red light.
B．She hit his car.
C．She overspeeded.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: I didn't run through the red light, Officer. Why did you ask me to pull over
M: You over speeded, Miss, and here is your ticket.
【分析】问题：为什么男发言人叫停女发言人？根据"Why did you ask me to pull over "为什么要叫我停车？；以及"You over speeded, Miss."小姐，你超速了。可推知，男发言人叫停女发言人的原因是女发言人超速了，故选C。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意语气和语调，语气和语调可以传达说话者的情感和态度，有助于我们更好地理解对话的言外之意。在听录音时，要注意捕捉说话者的语气和语调变化，从而更全面地理解对话内容。
3．（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） What is Daisy
A．A baby. B．A cat. C．A bird.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Lucy, look! Is that your little Daisy on that rooftop
W: Oh, stupid kitty! I've told her a million times not to chase those birds. She could get hurt if she dropped!
【分析】问题：黛西是什么？根据"Lucy, look! Is that your little Daisy on that rooftop "路西，看啊！是你家的小黛西在屋顶吗？；以及"Oh, stupid kitty!"哦，小傻猫！可推知，黛西是一只猫，故选B。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意理解言外之意，有时，对话中的言外之意比字面意思更重要。因此，在听录音时，要注意理解说话者的隐含意图和言外之意，以便更准确地回答问题。
4．（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） What's the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Headmaster and parent.
B．Professor and student.
C．Boss and secretary.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Ms. Green, I am afraid if your son keeps annoying other students in class, I'll have to ask you to find a better school for him.
W: I'm so sorry, Mr. Peterson. I promise I'll teach him to behave.
【分析】问题：两位发言人之间可能是什么关系？根据"Ms. Green, I am afraid if your son keeps annoying other students in class, I'll have to ask you to find a better school for him."格林女士，我恐怕如果你儿子继续在课堂上干扰其他学生的话，我将要求你为他找一所更好的学校了。可推知，两位发言人可能是校长和家长，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意理解对话逻辑，听力短对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。
5．（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） What happened to Mary
A．She went crazy.
B．She had a car accident.
C．She was killed last Friday.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Do you know Mary was sent to St Andrew's mental institution last Friday by her family
M: No way! What's wrong with her
W: She went mad after her son was killed in the car accident.
M: Oh, I feel so sorry for her.
【分析】问题：玛莉发生了什么事？根据"She went mad after her son was killed in the car accident."在她儿子在车祸中丧生之后，她发疯了。可推知，玛莉发疯了，故选A。
【点评】考查短对话理解。注意排除干扰信息，在听力短对话中，往往存在一些与题目无关或误导性的信息。在解题时，要学会排除这些干扰信息，专注于与题目相关的内容，从而避免被误导。
二、第一部分，听力，第二节，听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 听材料，回答问题。
6．What is the weather like now
A．Hot and dry. B．Cold and wet. C．Hot and wet.
7．What is the man going to do next
A．Play basketball.
B．Play computer games.
C．Wash clothes.
【答案】6．C
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: The weather is really annoying, isn't it
W: Tell me about it. The combination of rain plus humidity and hotness—I really hate it.
M: Yeah, I intended to play basketball with Jack on the outside playground, but now it's all ruined. Anyway, I guess I'll just play some computer games at home. Do you want to join me
W: I need to do the laundry first. I'll come to you when I finish it.
【分析】本段长对话中，男女发言人主要围绕天气状况和接下来要做的事情展开对话。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意转折与连接词，转折和连接词在听力长对话中扮演着重要的角色。它们不仅能够帮助考生理解对话的逻辑结构，还能提示重要信息的出现。因此，考生在听录音时，要特别注意这些词汇，以便更好地把握对话的整体意义。
6．问题：现在的天气怎么样？根据"The combination of rain plus humidity and hotness—I really hate it."下雨再加上湿热，我不喜欢这种天气。可推知，现在的天气是湿热的，故选C。
7．问题：接下来男发言人要去做什么事情？根据"Anyway, I guess I'll just play some computer games at home. "不管怎样，我想我将在家里玩电脑游戏。可推知，接下来男发言人要玩电脑游戏，故选B。
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 听材料，回答问题。
8．For what occasion did the woman make the pumpkin dip
A．A birthday party.
B．Halloween.
C．A cooking competition.
9．What is needed for making the pumpkin dip
A．Cream butter. B．Some spices. C．Powdered salt.
【答案】8．A
9．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Nancy, I remember that one time you made a jar of really nice pumpkin dip.
W: Oh, yeah, that was a popular one. Everyone in my son's birthday party seemed to enjoy it.
M: What do you need for it
W: It's really easy. All you need is one can of cooked pumpkin, one half pound block of cream cheese, powdered sugar, and a few spices. Do you want me to teach you how to make it
M: Great! I just intended to ask you to do me that favor. Thanks!
【分析】本段长对话中，男女发言人主要围绕制作南瓜酱来展开对话。
【点评】考查长对话理解。理解对话逻辑，听力长对话通常具有一定的逻辑结构，考生需要通过理解对话的逻辑来把握整体内容。要注意对话者之间的关系、对话的目的和背景等信息，以便更好地理解对话内容。注意抓住关键信息，在听录音时，要注意抓住关键信息，如人名、地名、数字、时间等。这些信息往往是回答问题的关键所在，考生需要特别留意。同时，还要注意对话中的重点句子和段落，它们通常包含了对话的核心内容。
8．问题：女发言人制作的南瓜酱是为了什么场合准备的？根据"Nancy, I remember that one time you made a jar of really nice pumpkin dip."南希，我记得有一次你制作了一罐非常美味的南瓜酱。；以及"Oh, yeah, that was a popular one. Everyone in my son's birthday party seemed to enjoy it."哦，是的，那一罐南瓜酱非常受欢迎。我儿子生日宴会上的每个人似乎都很喜欢吃。可推知，女发言人制作的南瓜酱是为了她儿子的生日宴会准备的，故选A。
9．问题：制作南瓜酱需要什么？根据"All you need is one can of cooked pumpkin, one half pound block of cream cheese, powdered sugar, and a few spices. "你所需要的所有东西包括一罐煮熟的南瓜，一块一点五磅重的奶油干酪，糖粉和一些调味料。可推知，制作南瓜酱需要一些调味料，故选B。
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 听材料，回答问题。
10．What does the woman think of the holiday at first
A．Meaningful. B．Interesting. C．Scary.
11．How long does the holiday last for
A．Only one day. B．Two days. C．Three days.
12．What does the man do during the holiday
A．Visits friends.
B．Scares kids for fun.
C．Prepares food for the dead.
【答案】10．C
11．B
12．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Juan, what's your favorite Mexican holiday
M: Definitely the Day of the Dead.
W: What is that It sounds a little scary.
M: It's not really scary for us Mexicans. Actually that day we celebrate, well, not celebrate, but remember our family members who are already dead.
W: OK. How do you remember then
M: We put a big table decorated with flowers, bread, coffee or whatever the person that is dead used to like and we think that on that day that person is going to come back from the dead.
W: I see. And when do you have the holiday
M: It's on November the first, and the second too.
W: Do you do it just for your family or do you go and visit friends or other relatives
M: No, we only keep it within the family actually.
【分析】本段长对话中，男女发言人主要围绕墨西哥的亡灵节展开对话。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意边听边做笔记，在听录音时，考生可以尝试边听边做笔记，记录关键信息和重要细节。这有助于考生在回答问题时迅速回忆起相关信息，避免遗漏或混淆。做笔记时，要简洁明了，重点突出，避免记录过多无关信息。
10．问题：开始女发言人认为假期怎么样？根据"What is that It sounds a little scary."那是什么？听起来有点害怕。可推知，对话开始时，女发言人感到有点害怕，故选C。
11．问题：假期持续了多长时间？根据"It's on November the first, and the second too."十一月一号，二号也是。可推知，假期一共持续两天。故选B。
12．问题：男发言人在假期里做了什么事情？根据"We put a big table decorated with flowers, bread, coffee or whatever the person that is dead used to like and we think that on that day that person is going to come back from the dead."我们把花，面包，咖啡或者逝者生前喜欢的东西放在桌子上并且我们认为在那一天逝者会起死回生。可推知，男发言人在假期为逝者准备了食物，故选C。
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 听材料，回答问题。
13．How does the man feel
A．Tired. B．Sad. C．Angry.
14．Where does this conversation probably take place
A．In a car. B．In a restaurant. C．In a hospital.
15．What does the woman suggest to the man to control his anger
A．Some pills. B．Yoga class. C．Some food.
16．What's the man's attitude to the suggestion
A．Approval. B．Disapproval. C．Not known.
【答案】13．C
14．A
15．B
16．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】 W: John, you seem to be a little bit mad. Did I say something wrong
M: No, Julia. It's not about you.
W: Oh Then what is it
M: Haven't you noticed that red car It keeps trying to cut in. I'll teach that young lady who is the better driver.
W: John, you've been caught by your road rage again... We are not in a hurry anyway. Just let her pass.
M: Err, sorry, Julia. I just become easily losing my temper when I'm driving. I took these pills an hour ago to make myself calm, but it doesn't seem to work at all.
W: You know the yoga class I've been taking It really helps me get my inner peace. Why don't you come with me next time and give it a go
M: Err, it's so girly. I just can't find a man I know doing yoga. So forget about it.
【分析】本段长对话中，男女发言人主要围绕如何控制脾气展开对话。
【点评】考查长对话理解。注意识别重复和强调，在对话中，重复和强调往往是对话者想要传达的重要信息。考生要注意识别这些表达方式，并重点关注这些信息。同时，也要注意对话者的语气和语调变化，它们也可以帮助考生识别重要信息。注意语气和语调，语气和语调可以传达说话者的情感和态度，有助于我们更好地理解对话的言外之意。在听录音时，要注意捕捉说话者的语气和语调变化，从而更全面地理解对话内容。
13．问题：男发言人感觉怎么样？根据"John, you seem to be a little bit mad."约翰，你似乎有些生气。可推知，男发言人感到生气，故选C。
14．问题：对话可能发生在哪里？根据"Haven't you noticed that red car It keeps trying to cut in. I'll teach that young lady who is the better driver."你难道没有注意到那辆红车吗？它一直试图超车。我要让那个年轻的女士明白谁是更好的驾驶员。可推知，对话可能发生在车里，故选A。
15．问题：女发言人建议男发言人用什么来控制脾气？根据"You know the yoga class I've been taking It really helps me get my inner peace. Why don't you come with me next time and give it a go "你了解我一直在上的瑜伽课吗？它真的能帮助我收敛脾气。为什么下次不和我一起去试试呢？可推知，女发言人建议男发言人通过瑜伽课来控制脾气，故选B。
16．问题：男发言人对建议的态度是什么？根据"I just can't find a man I know doing yoga. So forget about it."我还没有发现男人做瑜伽的。那就不要提了。可推知，男发言人不同意女发言人的建议，故选B。
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 听材料，回答问题。
17．What is the ideal working time per week for brain functioning
A．25 hours. B．30 hours. C．40 hours.
18．What kind of brain performance tends to go down at age 30
A．Memory.
B．Ability to use knowledge.
C．Information processing.
19．What effect has been researched on brain functioning in middle age
A．Pains caused by diseases.
B．Care-taking of the family.
C．The intake of nutrition.
20．Which gender is more easily affected by the excessive work
A．Male. B．Female. C．Both genders.
【答案】17．A
18．B
19．B
20．C
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】Working more than 25 hours a week could be negatively affecting the intelligence of employees over age 40, according to a study conducted on more than 6,000 workers by the researchers in Australia. They said that working 25 hours a week was the ideal amount of time for brain functioning. The researchers believe that our "fluid intelligence", or how well we process information, begins its decline around the age of 20, while the ability to use knowledge and experience, goes down around age 30. By the time we turn 40, our performance in memory tests and pattern recognition exercises tends to decline. The researchers have also looked into the effect of care-taking on brain functioning in middle age. By age 40, many employees are also taking care of children or a parent or both, creating a job on top of a job. This life style would cause a lot of pressure and less sleep, which definitely is a negative factor for our brain functioning. The study noted that the effect of excessive work hours affected both genders equally.
【分析】本段独白主要谈论的是不同工作时长对大脑在不同年龄段的影响。
【点评】考查独白理解。注意逻辑分析与推理，听力独白往往需要考生进行一定的逻辑分析和推理。考生需要根据听到的内容，结合已有的知识和经验，进行综合分析，从而得出正确的答案。注意识别关键信息与词汇，在听录音时，要注意识别关键信息和词汇。这些关键信息可能包括人名、地名、时间、数字等细节，也可能是一些重要的概念或观点。同时，要注意与题目和选项相关的词汇，以便在回答问题时能够迅速找到答案。注意借助上下文推测信息，在听力独白中，有些信息可能并不直接给出，但考生可以通过上下文进行推测。例如，根据前文提到的内容或语境，可以推断出某些未明确表述的信息或意图。
17．问题：每个周大脑运转的理想工作时间是多少？根据"They said that working 25 hours a week was the ideal amount of time for brain functioning."他们说一周工作25小时是大脑运转的理想时长。可推知，每个周大脑运转的理想工作时间是25小时，故选A。
18．问题：三十岁时大脑的那种表现趋于下降？根据" while the ability to use knowledge and experience, goes down around age 30."然而使用知识和经验的能力在30岁时下降，故选B。
19．问题：中年时期什么对大脑运转的影响已经被研究了？根据"The researchers have also looked into the effect of care-taking on brain functioning in middle age."研究者也调查了在中年时期照顾对大脑运转的影响。可推知，中年时期照顾对大脑运转的影响已经被研究了，故选B。
20．问题：哪一种性别更容易被过度的工作影响？根据"The study noted that the effect of excessive work hours affected both genders equally."研究还强调过度的工作时长对两性有着平等的影响，故选C。
三、第二部分，阅读，第一节，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分）
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读理解
SparkLit Book Club
Book of the week
Kay's Incredible Inventions by Adam Kay, illustrated by Henry Pake
This entertaining new book takes you on a trip through the history of the world's most incredible inventions—from the first ever toilet to the story of how Velcro（魔术贴） was invented by a dog. Some of these inventions changed the world; others definitely did not. They're all fascinating to read about, though.
Readers' comments
It's amazing to see how everyday occurrences sparked people's creativity. The inventors' creativity and determination inspire me to dream big and make my ideas alive. (Jeff Kinney, 16)
Win!
We have five copies of Kay'sIncredible Inventions to give away. For a chance to win a copy, just fill in the entry form at /twj-booksbeforetheclosingdateof20Marchat8 p.m.
Readers' recommendations
"The ghostly winter silence had given way to the great spring murmur of awakening life. This murmur arose from all the land, fraught with the joy of living." (The Call of the Wild)
Jack London was born almost 150 years ago on 12 January 1876. His novel, The Call of the Wild, is the story of Buck, a dog who has an epic adventure with gold hunters in the wilds of northern Canada. A must-read for animal lovers and fans of adventure stories! It will keep you on the edge of your seat. (Alistair, 17)
On my shelf
Send a picture of your shelf showing the book titles clearly and tell us why you love them. Send it to hello @ the weekjunio.co uk with your name and age.
21．What do readers need to do to win a copy of Kay's Incredible Inventions
A．Fill in a form online as required.
B．Make a comment on the book.
C．Recommend a book to readers.
D．Send a photo to hello @theweekjunior.co.uk .
22．Who is the main character of the book by Jack London
A．Jack, a writer. B．Henry, a hunter.
C．Alistair, an animal lover. D．Buck, a dog.
23．What can we learn about SparkLit Book Club
A．It regularly holds competitions among readers.
B．It hosts a weekly reading salon among its readers.
C．It has chosen Kay's book as the best for this week.
D．It requires readers to comment on their favorite books.
【答案】21．A
22．D
23．C
【知识点】细节理解题；文学艺术类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了火花读书俱乐部的推荐书籍《不可思议的发明》和相关活动。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
21．细节理解题。根据Win!部分中"We have five copies of Kay's Incredible Inventions to give away. For a chance to win a copy, just fill in the entry form at /twj-books before the closing date of 20 March at 8 pm.(我们有五本凯的《不可思议的发明》要送人。只要在3月20日晚上8点截止日期之前在/twj-books上填写报名表，就有机会赢得一份副本)"可知，读者想要赢得一本《不可思议的发明》需要先按要求填写在线表格。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据Readers' recommendations部分中"Jack London was born almost 150 years ago on 12 January 1876. His novel, The Call of the Wild, is the story of Buck, a dog who has an epic adventure with gold hunters in the wilds of northern Canada.(杰克·伦敦出生于近150年前的1876年1月12日。他的小说《野性的呼唤》讲述了一只名叫巴克(Buck)的狗在加拿大北部荒野与黄金猎人一起经历了一场史诗般的冒险)"可知，杰克·伦敦的书中的主角是一只名为Buck的狗。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据Book of the week(每周之书)部分中"Kay's Incredible Inventionsby Adam Kay, illustrated by Henry Pake (亚当·凯《不可思议的发明》，亨利·帕克配图)"可知，SparkLit Book Club把凯的书《不可思议的发明》选为本周最佳。故选C。
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读理解
Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had been suffering from depression when he first found his passion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured in National Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. "In the beginning, I was so paranoid（多疑的） and angry that I couldn't leave the house," says Doogue. "When I attempted to end my life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and that's when I started photography."
Now a dad of two, Doogue found that looking at insects through a camera helped him in ways he could never have imagined and it proved to be the lifeline he needed. It had a calming effect that helped him to disconnect from stress; and his astonishing images, showing insects and spiders in amazing detail against brightly colored backgrounds, caught the eye of publishers at National Geographic. "I ended up as one of their featured photo graphers," recalled Doogue. "It was the peak of my career. It was incredible."
Originally from Salford, Greater Manchester, he now lives in Armadale, West Lothian, Scotland. Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle of an epidemic（流行病） of male suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. "I think the problem is this man-up approach; the idea that men need to be strong puts so much pressure on young males to be fine all the time," says Doogue. "This is why I try and be so open about my own experience. Whenever I am out with my camera, I don't think about my other worries. It is just me and the environment around me. You can lose yourself in a spider making its web."
24．What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about Doogue
A．How Doogue became depressed.
B．Why Doogue took up photography.
C．Why Doogue wanted to end his life.
D．When Doogue turned photographer.
25．How did photography benefit Doogue
A．It helped him to escape from pressure.
B．It provided him with life-saving skills.
C．It gave him a new way to express himself.
D．It offered him an opportunity to explore nature.
26．What causes Scottish men to develop mental health problems
A．The way men employ to solve problems.
B．The lack of love for men's life and work.
C．The belief that men are expected to be strong.
D．The worry that men get separated from people.
27．What is the main purpose of the author in writing the text
A．To introduce Doogue's fighting depression.
B．To advise the readers to get close to nature.
C．To show the benefits of nature photography.
D．To warn the seriousness of mental problems.
【答案】24．B
25．A
26．C
27．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；医疗保健类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述自然摄影师Doogue通过拍摄挽救了抑郁的自己，并通过分享他的作品和经历，鼓励和帮助更多患有心理健康疾病的人。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
24．主旨大意题。根据第一段"Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had been suffering from depression when he first found his passion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured inNational Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. " In the beginning, I was so paranoid (多疑的) and angry that I couldn't leave the house, " says Doogue. " When I attempted to end my life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and that's when I started photography. "(34岁的马特·杜格是一名自然摄影师，当他第一次发现自己对拍摄昆虫的热情时，他一直患有抑郁症，他的作品现在已经登上了《国家地理》杂志。他说，九年前他在人生跌入谷底后曾试图自杀。"一开始，我非常偏执和愤怒，以至于我不能离开家，"道格说。"当我试图结束自己的生命时，我知道我需要见一个人。我去看了医生，接受了治疗，但我知道我需要更多，于是我开始摄影。")"可知，文章第一段主要讲述Doogue从事摄影的原因。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"It had a calming effect that helped him to disconnect from stress; and his astonishing images, showing insects and spiders in amazing detail against brightly colored backgrounds, caught the eye of publishers atNational Geographic.(它有镇静作用，帮助他从压力中解脱出来；他的这些惊人的照片，在色彩鲜艳的背景下，以惊人的细节展示了昆虫和蜘蛛，引起了《国家地理》杂志出版商的注意。)"可知，Doogue通过自然摄影，帮助自己摆脱压力。故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle of an epidemic (流行病) of male suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. "I think the problem is this man-up approach; the idea that men need to be strong puts so much pressure on young males to be fine all the time," says Doogue.(尽管他担心苏格兰正处于男性自杀泛滥的时期，但他相信分享自己对自然摄影的热爱也能帮助其他人应对心理健康问题。"我认为问题在于这种男性化的方式；男性需要强壮的观念给年轻男性施加了很大的压力，让他们一直保持健康，"道格说。)"可推断，男人被期待变强大和坚强的想法给苏格兰的年轻男性很大压力，导致他们患有心理健康疾病。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段"Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had been suffering from depression when he first found his passion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured inNational Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. " In the beginning, I was so paranoid (多疑的) and angry that I couldn't leave the house, " says Doogue. " When I attempted to end my life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and that's when I started photography. "(34岁的马特·杜格是一名自然摄影师，当他第一次发现自己对拍摄昆虫的热情时，他一直患有抑郁症，他的作品现在已经登上了《国家地理》杂志。他说，九年前他在人生跌入谷底后曾试图自杀。"一开始，我非常偏执和愤怒，以至于我不能离开家，"道格说。"当我试图结束自己的生命时，我知道我需要见一个人。我去看了医生，接受了治疗，但我知道我需要更多，于是我开始摄影。")"及第三段中的"Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle of an epidemic (流行病) of male suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. (尽管他担心苏格兰正处于男性自杀泛滥的时期，但他相信分享自己对自然摄影的热爱也能帮助其他人应对心理健康问题。)"可推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是：介绍Doogue抵抗抑郁症的经历，并希望通过分享他的经历帮助更多有心理健康疾病的人，故选A。
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读理解
I used to tell my children that they were smart, because I was impressed by their rapid growth. I remember clearly watching my daughter figure out how to build a Lego house that would stand up on its own, and thinking: Look at this tiny architectural genius.
But decades of research now suggest that we should not tell our children they're "smart" when they do impressive things. When I first heard it, I felt instinctively irritated. But after I dug into the research, I was persuaded. It all goes back to something called "growth" mindset, a term developed and popularized by Carol Dweck, a professor of psychology at Stanford. Professor Dweck believes that we can change our abilities through effort and strategy. The alternative to a growth mindset is a "fixed" mindset—the idea that our abilities are inborn and can't be changed. When we praise our children for being "smart", based on victories like doing well on a test, we're unwittingly（不知不觉地） encouraging them to believe that if they do poorly or make mistakes, they're not smart.
It's not just what we say that matters, but how we tolerate our children's failures. A 2016 study by Dweck showed that parents' "failure mind-sets" affect their children more than their views on intelligence. In other words, if parents think that failure is shameful, their children are more likely to be afraid of making mistakes. The study concludes that everyone is actually a mixture of fixed and growth mindsets, continually evolving with experience. Whatever we say or don't say to our kids, the key is to get them more comfortable with failures big or small.
It's helpful for kids to understand that you make mistakes and learn how they happen. When you chat with them, you can describe what you learned, or how you strategized a solution. "You don't have to deny you have negative emotional reactions," Dweck said. "We, as a society, don't do that enough because we feel embarrassed when we make mistakes." But if we discuss our missteps more and explain how we overcame them, our children can learn to do the same.
28．How did the author feel about the research advice at first
A．It was confusing. B．It was annoying.
C．It was persuasive. D．It was encouraging.
29．What do the children with a growth mindset tend to believe
A．Smartness is the key to success.
B．Difficulties in daily life teach them a lot.
C．Their abilities can be improved through hard work.
D．They are impressive due to their good grades on tests.
30．What does Dweck suggest parents do
A．Help children face failures positively.
B．Hide their negative feelings from children.
C．Remind children to avoid making mistakes.
D．Pay attention to developing children's intelligence.
31．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Ways to Cultivate Smart Children
B．The Effect of a Fixed Mindset on Children
C．The Power of Proper Praise for Children's Growth
D．The Importance of a Growth Mindset in Parenting
【答案】28．B
29．C
30．A
31．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了"成长心态"，以及每个人实际上都是固定心态和成长型心态的混合体，并随着经验不断进化；我们要让孩子更适应或大或小的失败。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"But decades of research now suggest that we should not tell our children they're "smart" when they do impressive things. When I first heard it, I felt instinctively irritated.(但几十年的研究表明，当我们的孩子做了令人印象深刻的事情时，我们不应该说他们"聪明"。当我第一次听到它时，我本能地感到恼火)"可知，作者在第一次听到研究的建议时，第一反应是恼怒的。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"It all goes back to something called ‘growth' mindset, a term developed and popularized by Carol Dweck, a professor of psychology at Stanford. Professor Dweck believes that we can change our abilities through effort and strategy.(这一切都要追溯到所谓的‘成长'心态，这个术语是由斯坦福大学心理学教授Carol Dweck提出并推广的。Dweck教授认为，我们可以通过努力和策略来改变自己的能力)"可知，斯坦福大学心理学教授Carol Dweck 提出了"成长型"心态的概念，他认为我们可以通过努力和策略来改变自己的能力。由此可知，拥有"成长型"心态的孩子倾向于相信他们的能力可以通过努力得到提升。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中"A 2016 study by Dweck showed that parents' ‘failure mind-sets' affect their children more than their views on intelligence. In other words, if parents think that failure is shameful, their children are more likely to be afraid of making mistakes.(Dweck 2016年的一项研究表明，父母的‘失败心态'比他们对智力的看法对孩子的影响更大。换句话说，如果父母认为失败是可耻的，他们的孩子就更有可能害怕犯错)"和"Whatever we say or don't say to our kids, the key is to get them more comfortable with failures big or small.(无论我们对孩子说什么或不说什么，关键是让他们更适应或大或小的失败)"以及最后一段中"It's helpful for kids to understand that you make mistakes and learn how they happen. When you chat with them, you can describe what you learned, or how you strategized a solution.(这对孩子们理解你犯错误并了解它们是如何发生的很有帮助。当你和他们聊天时，你可以描述你学到了什么，或者你是如何制定解决方案的)"和"But if we discuss our missteps more and explain how we overcame them, our children can learn to do the same.(但是，如果我们更多地讨论我们的错误，并解释我们是如何克服它们的，我们的孩子就能学会做同样的事情)"可知，父母的"失败心态"对孩子的影响很大，如果父母认为失败是可耻的，他们的孩子就更有可能害怕犯错，关键是让他们适应那些或大或小的失败，让孩子们知道错误是怎么产生的，当你和他们聊天时，你可以描述你学到了什么， 或者你是如何制定解决方案的，如果我们能更多地讨论我们的错误， 并解释我们是如何克服它们的，我们的孩子就能学会做同样的事情。由此可推知，Dweck建议家长要帮助孩子积极地面对失败。故选A。
31．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，结合第二段中的"It all goes back to something called ‘growth' mindset, a term developed and popularized by Carol Dweck, a professor of psychology at Stanford.(这一切都要追溯到所谓的‘成长'心态，这个术语是由斯坦福大学心理学教授Carol Dweck提出并推广的)"可知，文章主要介绍了父母称赞孩子聪明可能会让孩子形成"固定型"心态，相信能力是天生的，不能改变。心理学家 Dweck 提出了"成长型"心态的理论，认为我们可以通过努力和策略来改变自己的能力，并强调了家长要引导孩子正确对待错误和失败，鼓励他们接受失败并从中学习。D项意为"成长型心态在养育子女中的重要性"，能够概括此内容。故选D。
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读理解
Most of us are familiar with Groundhog Day, wherein a large groundhog checks to see its shadow on February 2 and helps to predict when winter will end. But have you ever heard about how a mountain town in North Carolina uses a caterpillar （毛 毛 虫） known as the Woolly Worm to make similar predictions
According to the folklore（民间传说）, the amount of black on the woolly worm in autumn predicts the severity of the upcoming winter. The longer the woolly worm's black bands (带） are, the longer, colder, snowier, and more severe the winter will be. Similarly, a wider middle brown band is associated with a milder upcoming winter. The position of the longest dark bands supposedly indicates which part of winter will be coldest or hardest. If the head end of the caterpillar is dark, the beginning of winter will be severe. If the tail end is dark, the end of winter will be cold. In addition, the woolly worm caterpillar has 13 segments to its body, which traditional forecasters say correspond to the 13 weeks of winter.
Scientific studies on worm forecasting are few and far between. The most often cited is a small trial that American Museum of Natural History entomologist Howard Curran conducted in 1948. Having heard about the caterpillar folklore, Curran traveled to Bear Mountain State Park to collect woolly worms each fall for eight years. He found that if the worms had brown markings on more than a third of their body, winters tended to be milder.
Most scientists discount the folklore of caterpillar predictions as just a folklore. "It's a wonderful story, but I do think it was a playful trial," says Joe Boggs, an entomologist at Ohio State University Extension who has studied woolly worms. "Curran was a real scientist. He had a bunch of papers published, but he never published this one—probably because he knew it wouldn't stand up to peer review."
Mike Peters, an entomologist at the University of Massachusetts, doesn't disagree, but he says there could be a link between the band of a woolly worm and the severity of winter. Peters suggests that the timing of their growth and environmental conditions, such as temperature, moisture levels, and food sources, can impact the appearance of woolly worms, including their size, coloration, and band patterns. By analyzing these characteristics, researchers can potentially infer information about the weather conditions. "The band does say something about a heavy winter," he says. "The only thing is that it's telling you about the previous year."
32．How do people predict the weather through woolly worms
A．By analyzing their living habits.
B．By measuring the change of their size.
C．By studying color bands on their bodies.
D．By calculating the number of their segments.
33．What is Howard Curran's finding based on
A．A survey on the locals.
B．His personal observations.
C．Studies by previous scientists.
D．Statistics collected by the museum.
34．What does the underlined word "discount" in paragraph 4 mean
A．consider. B．believe. C．doubt. D．dismiss.
35．Which statement might Mike Peters agree with
A．The caterpillar forecasting needs long-term data to support it.
B．The color band of caterpillars can be a mirror of past weather.
C．The cold environment has a great impact on caterpillars' growth.
D．Woolly worms can help predict the severity of winter accurately.
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．D
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了"毛毛虫是否能"预测"冬季天气 "的问题。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段"According to the folklore (民间传说), the amount of black on the woolly worm in autumn predicts the severity of the upcoming winter. The longer the woolly worm's black bands (带) are, the longer, colder, snowier, and more severe the winter will be. Similarly, a wider middle brown band is associated with a milder upcoming winter. The position of the longest dark bands supposedly indicates which part of winter will be coldest or hardest. If the head end of the caterpillar is dark, the beginning of winter will be severe. If the tail end is dark, the end of winter will be cold. In addition, the woolly worm caterpillar has 13 segments to its body, which traditional forecasters say correspond to the 13 weeks of winter.(根据民间传说，秋天毛茸茸的虫子身上的黑色数量预示着即将到来的冬天的严重程度。毛茸茸的蠕虫的黑色带越长，冬天就越长、越冷、越多雪，也就越严酷。同样，较宽的中间棕色带与即将到来的温和冬季有关。据推测，最长的暗带的位置表明冬天的哪个部分将是最冷或最硬的。如果毛毛虫的头端是黑色的，冬天的开始将是严重的。如果尾巴末端是黑色的，冬天结束时就会很冷。此外，毛虫的身体有13节，传统的预报员说，这与冬季的13周相对应)"可知，人们是通过研究毛毛虫身上的颜色来预测天气的。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段"Having heard about the caterpillar folklore, Curran traveled to Bear Mountain State Park to collect woolly worms each fall for eight years. He found that if the worms had brown markings on more than a third of their body, winters tended to be milder.(听说了毛毛虫的民间传说，柯伦每年秋天都去熊山州立公园收集毛茸茸的蠕虫，持续了八年。他发现，如果这些蠕虫身上有超过三分之一的褐色斑纹，冬天就会比较温和)"可知，Curran的发现是基于他自己的观察。故选B。
34．词义猜测题。根据划线词后文"It's a wonderful story, but I do think it was a playful trial(这是一个精彩的故事，但我确实认为这是一个有趣的试验)"可知，Joe Boggs表示这确实是一个精彩的故事，但不是一个严肃的试验。说明大多数科学家没有考虑毛毛虫预言的民间传说，故划线词意思是"不予考虑; 对……不屑一提"。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Mike Peters, an entomologist at the University of Massachusetts, doesn't disagree, but he says there could be a link between the band of a woolly worm and the severity of winter. Peters suggests that the timing of their growth and environmental conditions, such as temperature, moisture levels, and food sources, can impact the appearance of woolly worms, including their size, coloration, and band patterns. By analyzing these characteristics, researchers can potentially infer information about the weather conditions. "The band does say something about a heavy winter," he says. "The only thing is that it's telling you about the previous year."(马萨诸塞州大学的昆虫学家迈克·彼得斯并不反对这种说法，但他表示，毛茸茸的蠕虫和严冬之间可能存在联系。彼得斯认为，它们的生长时间和环境条件，如温度、湿度水平和食物来源，都会影响毛茸茸的蠕虫的外观，包括它们的大小、颜色和条纹图案。通过分析这些特征，研究人员可以潜在地推断出有关天气状况的信息。他说："色带确实表达了一些关于严冬的东西。唯一的问题是，它会告诉你前一年的情况。")"可推知，Mike Peters认为毛毛虫身上的色带可以反映过去的天气情况。故选B。
四、第二部分，阅读，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You might have heard of the expression "a guilty pleasure"—maybe it's the chocolate bar you buy on the way home from work, or the new clothes that you don't really need. 　36． 　. Perhaps we don't feel we deserved it, or we don't think it was a responsible way to spend our money. But should we feel like this Do we really have to feel guilty about treating ourselves
Perhaps not. Psychologists have suggested that buying things for yourself can make you feel better as it provides an opportunity to take control of your situation.　37． 　. It may be that as well as lifting your mood, when you buy a treat, you might just be looking after yourself.
Of course, there are also examples of people turning to destructive behaviour when faced with stressful circumstances. People might spend money that they don't have or turn to dangerous addictions. Psychologist Leon Seltzer considers the difference between self-indulgence and self-nurturing.　38． 　 , while self-nurturing is taking responsible decisions to satisfy our needs and take care of ourselves in ways that don't have a significant impact.
　39． 　. So, many universities publish guides with advice for coping with exam stress. Reflecting the difference between self-indulgence and self-nurture, they recommend rewarding yourself for your efforts, doing things that you enjoy and are good at so that you can feel accomplishment.　40． 　 . Thus, perhaps, as long as we make responsible decisions, we shouldn't feel guilty about our guilty pleasures.
A. Exams are vital for students.
B. Self-indulgence can have negative consequences
C. The difference becomes evident when students manage exam pressure
D. They also recommend embracing activities that could dampen your spirits
E. Besides, you should avoid things that may make you feel worse afterwards
F. It comes from the idea that when we treat ourselves, it can sometimes leave us feeling guilty
G. It can give you social contact as well as a confidence boost from changes you make to your self-image
【答案】36．F；37．G；38．B；39．C；40．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，讨论了"内疚的快感"这一概念，即人们在犒劳自己时可能会感到内疚，但心理学家认为这种行为实际上可以提升情绪并照顾自己。文章还区分了自我放纵和自我培养的概念，并讨论了如何在面对压力时做出负责任的决定。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题时，要求考生注意通读整篇文章，把握整段脉络，理出文章的中心，分析段落之间和段落内部的层次。选项与前后句之间的逻辑关系是确定答案的主要依据。可以从意思、关键词、关联词来分析段落之间以及段落内部的逻辑关系。七选五解题的一些实用技巧如下。第一，快速浏览全文，把握文章主旨。在开始解题前，快速浏览全文，了解文章的大致内容和主题，有助于更好地理解和判断每个选项的合适性。第二，注意段首句和段尾句。段首句往往是对整段的概括或引入，而段尾句则常常是对该段的总结或结论。因此，关注这些句子有助于我们快速了解段落的主旨，从而更好地选择答案。第三，利用上下文语境和逻辑关系进行推断。在选择答案时，要仔细阅读上下文，寻找与选项相关的线索和信息，如关联词、同义词、反义词等。同时，也要根据逻辑关系进行推断，如因果、转折、并列等，从而确定正确答案。第四，排除法也是一种有效的解题方法。当面对多个选项时，可以先排除与文章主旨或上下文不符的选项，然后再根据剩余选项的内容进行比较和选择。
36．前文"You might have heard of the expression "a guilty pleasure"—maybe it's the chocolate bar you buy on the way home from work, or the new clothes that you don't really need.(你可能听说过"内疚的快感"这个表达——也许是你下班回家路上买的巧克力棒，或者是你并不真正需要的新衣服)"引出"内疚的快感"这个概念，F选项"它来自于这样一种观点：当我们善待自己时，有时会让我们感到内疚"为对于前文概念来源的解释，与后文"Perhaps we don't feel we deserved it, or we don't think it was a responsible way to spend our money.(也许我们觉得我们不配，或者我们不认为这是一种负责任的花钱方式)"相呼应，it指代"购物善待自己"。故选F。
37．前文"Psychologists have suggested that buying things for yourself can make you feel better as it provides an opportunity to take control of your situation.(心理学家表明，为自己买东西可以让你感觉更好，因为它提供了一个控制自己处境的机会)"表明心理学家说明为什么给自己买东西会让自我感觉更好，后文"It may be that as well as lifting your mood, when you buy a treat, you might just be looking after yourself.(当你买东西的时候，除了能让你心情好起来，你可能只是在照顾自己)"表示给自己购物的好处和潜在意图，G选项"它可以给你社会联系，也可以从你对自我形象的改变中增强自信"为解释前文心理学家的观点，说明给自己购物的好处，且句型与后文It may be that as well as构成并列关系。故选G。
38．前文"Psychologist Leon Seltzer considers the difference between self-indulgence and self-nurturing.(心理学家Leon Seltzer考虑了自我放纵和自我培养的区别)"提到了心理学家看待两者之间的区别，结合后文"while self-nurturing is taking responsible decisions to satisfy our needs and take care of ourselves in ways that don't have a significant impact.(而自我培养是做出负责任的决定来满足我们的需求，并以不产生重大影响的方式照顾好自己)"说明自我培养的特点可知，空处应说明自我放纵的问题，B选项"自我放纵会带来负面后果"与后文谈及自我培养形成对比。故选B。
39．根据后文"So, many universities publish guides with advice for coping with exam stress.(因此，许多大学出版了应对考试压力的指南)"可知，空处应说明，大学为什么出版考试压力指南，结合上文讲到"自我培养"和"自我放纵"的区别可知，C选项"当学生应对考试压力时，这种差异就变得明显了"承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
40．前文"Reflecting the difference between self-indulgence and self-nurture, they recommend rewarding yourself for your efforts, doing things that you enjoy and are good at so that you can feel accomplishment.(他们建议对自己的努力给予奖励，做自己喜欢和擅长的事情，这样你就能感受到成就感，这反映了自我放纵和自我培养之间的区别)"表示学校指南的建议，后文"Thus, perhaps, as long as we make responsible decisions, we shouldn't feel guilty about our guilty pleasures.(因此，也许，只要我们做出负责任的决定，我们就不应该对我们的罪恶感感到内疚)"表示我们应负责任地做决定，E选项"此外，你应该避免那些可能会让你事后感觉更糟的事情"与上一句的建议为并列的递进关系，同样表示建议，符合结构，与文章的整体观点一致，强调负责任地对待自己的行为。故选E。
五、第三部分，英语知识运用，第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Tom Blake was a young boy, watching a jet（喷气式飞机） streak across the sky, he knew flying was what he wanted to do when he grew up.
After five years' training, he finally 41． his dream job in his late twenties—working as an airline pilot. But in 2019, the travel firm he was 42． for collapsed.
By this time Mr Blake had become increasingly 43． the growing threat of climate change, and the aviation industry's carbon emissions. "I had an uncomfortable 44． ," he says. "I was really eager to get involved in 45． protest groups, but I knew it would be career suicide, and I had a lot of 46． . It would be easier to return to the industry and pay them off."
Yet with the COVID-19 pandemic grounding aircraft, Mr Blake decided to quit his flying 47． for good. "I prefer flying and 48． interesting destinations, and earning a decent 49． ."says Mr Blake. "But when we are 50． the climate and ecological emergency, how could I possibly 51． my needs We need to think about how to 52． the biggest threat to humanity."
Giving up his dream job was a 53． decision, he says. "Financially I've been really 54． . It's been challenging." But he adds, "Taking action has 55． my anxiety."
Mr Blake is now a climate activist.
41．A． quitted B． changed C． completed D． landed
42．A． waiting B． preparing C． working D． looking
43．A． concerned about B． puzzled at
C． engaged in D． experienced in
44．A． goal B． conflict C． solution D． approach
45．A． political B． economical
C． environmental D． technical
46．A． regrets B． debts C． pressures D． troubles
47．A． schedule B． dream C． ambition D． career
48．A． discovering B． selecting C． searching D． visiting
49．A． salary B． honor C． award D． fame
50．A． accustomed to B． faced with
C． addicted to D． trapped in
51．A． remove B． ignore C． meet D． create
52．A． issue B． introduce C． imagine D． handle
53．A． tough B． wise C． reasonable D． positive
54．A． saving B． struggling C． investing D． contributing
55．A． covered B． stimulated C． eased D． driven
【答案】41．D；42．C；43．A；44．B；45．C；46．B；47．D；48．D；49．A；50．B；51．C；52．D；53．A；54．B；55．C
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词短语的辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Blake先生是一名飞行员，他非常关心气候变化的威胁，后来辞去工作成为一名气候活动家。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空是英语考试中常见的一种题型，旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。五、积累词汇，提高语言基础。要想在完形填空中取得好成绩，平时的词汇积累非常重要。建议学生多阅读英文文章，扩大词汇量，提高语言基础。
41．句意：经过5年的训练，他终于在快30岁的时候找到了自己梦寐以求的工作——一名航空公司飞行员。A. quitted退出；B. changed改变；C. completed完成；D. landed着陆，成功得到。根据"working as an airline pilot"可知，此处指找到梦寐以求的工作，故选D。
42．句意：但在2019年，他工作的旅游公司倒闭了。A. waiting等待；B. preparing准备；C. working工作；D. looking看。上文提到他找到了自己梦寐以求的工作——一名航空公司飞行员，结合空前"the travel firm"可知，此处指他工作的旅游公司，故选C。
43．句意：此时，Blake先生已经越来越关注日益增长的气候变化威胁，以及航空业的碳排放。A. concerned about关心，关注；B. puzzled at对……困惑；C. engaged in从事，参与；D. experienced in在……有经验。根据下文"I was really eager to get involved in ____5____ protest groups"以及文章最后一句"Mr Blake is now a climate activist.(Blake先生现在是一名气候活动家)"可知，他关注气候变化，故选A。
44．句意：他说："我有一种不舒服的矛盾。"A. goal目标；B. conflict冲突，矛盾；C. solution解决办法；D. approach方法。根据"I was really eager to get involved in ____5____ protest groups, but I knew it would be career suicide"可知，Blake先生渴望加入抗议组织，但这于职业不利，故他很矛盾，故选B。
45．句意：我真的很想加入环保抗议组织，但我知道这无异于自杀，而且我还欠了很多债。A. political政治的；B. economical经济的；C. environmental环境的；D. technical技术的。根据上文"the growing threat of climate change, and the aviation industry's carbon emissions"可知，他关心气候变化威胁以及航空业的碳排放，故他想加入环保抗议组织，故选C。
46．句意：我真的很想加入环保抗议组织，但我知道这无异于自杀，而且我还欠了很多债。A. regrets遗憾；B. debts债务；C. pressures压力；D. troubles麻烦。根据下文"pay them off(还清它们)"以及"Financially I've been really ____14____ ."可知，Blake先生欠很多债，故选B。
47．句意：然而，随着COVID-19大流行的飞机停飞，Blake先生决定永远退出他的飞行生涯。A. schedule工作日程；B. dream梦想；C. ambition野心；D. career事业。第二段中"working as an airline pilot"提到Blake是一名飞行员，故此处指退出飞行职业，下文"Giving up his dream job"也是提示，故选D。
48．句意："我更喜欢飞行和参观有趣的目的地，并挣一份体面的薪水，"Blake 先生说。A. discovering发现；B. selecting选择；C. searching搜寻；D. visiting参观，拜访。结合空后的"interesting destinations"可知，此处指参观有趣的目的地，故选D。
49．句意：我更喜欢飞行和参观有趣的目的地，并挣一份体面的薪水，"Blake 先生说。A. salary薪水；B. honor荣誉；C. award奖；D. fame名声。根据空前的"earning"可知，此处是挣一份体面的薪水，故选A。
50．句意：但是当我们面临气候和生态的紧急情况时，我怎么可能满足我的需求呢？A. accustomed to习惯于；B. faced with面临；C. addicted to沉迷于；D. trapped in困在。根据第三段中"the growing threat of climate change, and the aviation industry's carbon emissions"可知，此处指"我们面临气候和生态的紧急情况"，故选B。
51．句意：但是当我们面临气候和生态的紧急情况时，我怎么可能满足我的需求呢？A. remove移除；B. ignore忽视；C. meet满足；D. create创造。根据上文"I prefer flying and ____8____ interesting destinations, and earning a decent ____9____ ."可知，Blake先生想要飞行去各种有趣的目的地，同时能够挣一份体面的薪水，故此处满足自己的需求，故选C。
52．句意：我们需要思考如何应对人类面临的最大威胁。A. issue发出，发行；B. introduce介绍；C. imagine想象；D. handle处理，应付。结合空后"the biggest threat to humanity"以及文章最后一句"Mr Blake is now a climate activist.(Blake先生现在是一名气候活动家)"可知，此处指"我们需要思考如何应对人类面临的最大威胁"，故选D。
53．句意：他说，放弃自己梦想的工作是一个艰难的决定。A. tough艰难的；B. wise明智的；C. reasonable合理的；D. positive积极的。上文提到他欠很多债，结合下文"It's been challenging."可知，放弃自己梦想的工作是一个艰难的决定，故选A。
54．句意：我在经济上一直很挣扎。A. saving节约；B. struggling挣扎，艰难地行进；C. investing投资；D. contributing做贡献。根据"It's been challenging."可知，Blake先生在经济方面很艰难，故选B。
55．句意：但他补充说："采取行动减轻了我的焦虑。"A. covered覆盖；B. stimulated刺激，促进；C. eased缓解，减轻；D. driven驾驶，驱动。根据"It's been challenging."以及转折词But可知，虽然很有挑战，但是采取行动能够减轻焦虑，故选C。
六、第三部分，英语知识运用，第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has set a new record for creating sustained high temperatures after the "artificial sun" ran five times 　56． 　 (hot) than the sun for more than 17 minutes.
The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST),　57． 　 (know) as an"artificial sun"， reached temperatures of up to 70,000,000℃ during the experiment.
The extreme heat 　58． 　 (create) in a nuclear fusion reactor, which is part of the EAST project. It reproduces the natural 　59． 　 (reaction) that happen inside the sun and other stars. The scientists want to develop the "artificial sun" to provide a near-endless supply of clean energy 　60． 　 human beings.
Scientists around the world have been trying for decades to develop nuclear fusion. They say it is the best way 　61． 　 (produce) clean energy. The nuclear fusion process needs no fossil fuels 　62． 　 leaves behind no dangerous waste. If scientists can make it work, the world will become greener and cleaner. Nuclear fusion technology is still not 　63． 　 (advance) enough to become a global industry. However, the EAST project is an important step.
"The recent operation lays 　64． 　 solid scientific and experimental foundation towards the running of a fusion reactor," said Gong Xianzu, a researcher at the Institute of Plasma Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,　65． 　 led the latest experiment.
【答案】56．hotter；57．known；58．was created；59．reactions；60．for；61．to produce；62．and；63．advanced；64．a；65．who
【知识点】动词的语态；形容词比较级；说明文；动词过去分词；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了中国"人造太阳"EAST项目创高温纪录，旨在开发清洁能源，为全球绿色发展迈出了重要的一步。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词，冠词，形容词，介词，连词，时态，语态，主谓一致，非谓语动词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。六、利用常识和逻辑。在某些情况下，可以利用常识和逻辑来解答语法填空题。例如，根据常识判断所填词汇是否符合常理，或者根据逻辑判断所填词汇是否与前后的句子内容相符合。通过利用常识和逻辑，可以更加准确地填空。七、多做练习总结。最后，多做练习是提高语法填空解题能力的有效途径。通过大量的练习，我们可以熟悉各种题型和考点，提高解题速度和准确率。同时，也要及时总结错题原因，分析解题思路和方法，以便更好地掌握语法填空题的解题技巧。
56．句意：中国创造了一项创造持续高温的新纪录，此前"人造太阳"的温度高出太阳5倍，持续时间超过17分钟。根据than"比"可知，空处hot应该用比较级形式。故填hotter。
57．句意：被称为"人造太阳"的实验先进超导托卡马克(EAST)在实验中达到了高达7000万℃的温度。分析句子可知，整个句子为一个简单句，reached为谓语动词，故空处用非谓语动词且在句中作后置定语修饰The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST)，动词know与其逻辑主语The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST)构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填known。
58．句意：极端高温是在一个核聚变反应堆中产生的，这是EAST项目的一部分。分析句子可知，空处在句中做谓语，主语heat与动词create构成被动关系，且描述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语heat为不可数名词，故be动词用was。故填was created。
59．句意：它再现了发生在太阳和其他恒星内部的自然反应。分析句子可知，空处作reproduce的宾语，且此处表示一系列反应，that引导的定语从句修饰空处先行词，结合定语从句的谓语happen为复数形式以及主谓一致原则可知，空处为名词复数。故填reactions。
60．句意：科学家们希望开发"人造太阳"，为人类提供近乎无穷无尽的清洁能源。根据语境分析可知，此处为固定短语provide sth. for sb."提供某物给某人"。故填for。
61．句意：他们说，这是生产清洁能源的最佳方式。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语且作后置定语修饰名词way，结合固定搭配the way to do sth"做某事的方法"，可知空处用不定式作后置定语。故填to produce。
62．句意：核聚变过程不需要化石燃料，也不会留下危险的废物。分析句子可知，needs no fossil fuels与leaves behind no dangerous waste在句中做并列宾语为并列关系，故用and连接。故填and。
63．句意：核聚变技术还不够先进，不足以成为一项全球性产业。分析句子可知，空处作表语，根据语境分析可知，此处表示"先进的"，故用形容词advanced。故填advanced。
64．句意："最近的操作为聚变反应堆的运行奠定了坚实的科学和实验基础，"中国科学院等离子体物理研究所研究员龚先祖说，他领导了最新的实验。分析句子可知，foundation为名词单数，表示"一个基础"为泛指，用不定冠词，solid以辅音音素开始发音，不定冠词用a。故填a。
65．句意："最近的操作为聚变反应堆的运行奠定了坚实的科学和实验基础，"中国科学院等离子体物理研究所研究员龚先祖说，他领导了最新的实验。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰Gong Xianzu，先行词为Gong Xianzu，表示人，且在非限制性定语从句中做主语，故用关系代词who引导。故填who。
七、第四部分，写作（共两节，满分40分）
66．（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack得知你所住的村庄上周遭遇了洪灾，来信关心灾情和灾后重建。请你给他写一封邮件回复他。内容包括：1.感谢关心；2.介绍灾情、救灾和灾后重建情况。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
……
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
We are very grateful for your concerns about the flood which hit our village last week.
As is reported, our village was struck by the serious flood without warning, with most of the farmland drowned and some houses made of earth fallen. Fortunately, no deaths were reported. Hardly had it occurred when the government took the immediate reaction to relieve the disaster. Besides, with the assistance of the volunteers, the rebuilding work is going on well orderly.
We are very confident that everything will return to normal soon because where there is a will, there is hope. Thank you again for your concerns.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇运用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份就朋友Jack来信关心灾情和灾后重建一事写一封邮件回复英国朋友Jack表示感谢。写作背景：假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack得知你所住的村庄上周遭遇了洪灾，来信关心灾情和灾后重建。内容包括：1.感谢关心；2.介绍灾情、救灾和灾后重建情况。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：We are very grateful for your concerns about the flood which hit our village last week.（运用了which引导的限制性定语从句）；Hardly had it occurred when the government took the immediate reaction to relieve the disaster.（运用了hardly…when句型，其中when引导时间状语从句，hardly后用部分倒装）；As is reported, our village was struck by the
serious flood without warning, with most of the farmland drowned and some houses made of earth fallen. （运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句以及with复合结构）；We are very confident
that everything will return to normal soon because where there is a will, there is hope.（运用了that引导的宾语从句以及because引导的原因状语从句）。
67．（2024·广西壮族自治区模拟） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Oliver was a small and introvert（内向的） boy who kept to himself. He was quiet and preferred indoor activities. Sitting in the corner of the class, he was very much a loner.
At the beginning of the semester, Oliver had a new classmate, Alan, who had just returned to England. Alan was assigned a seat next to Oliver. To his surprise, within weeks, he became good friends with Alan even though they were poles apart in personality. Alan was popular, outspoken and artistic. "Alan is all that I want to be," Oliver thought to himself. He began listening to the music Alan listened to and having similar haircut. He even quit his drama club and started playing the online games that Alan played. He seemed to have been out of his loneliness.
It was not long before Oliver was introduced to Alan's "cool" friends. He told himself that he would try all means to be part of the group. He would follow them to the football games and join the art club after school so he could spend more time hanging out with them. Oliver followed them around laughing when they told jokes, agreeing when they had opinions—most enthusiastically at the ones he disagreed with. He did not dare to differ in opinions as he would not want them to think badly of him. This continued for several months. At last, Oliver felt relieved that he had finally fitted in.
One day, Oliver overheard Alan and his cool friends talking. "Oliver is such a loser," one boy commented in a playful tone. "He just follows you around trying to be you. He copies you; he does not have a personality of his own!" another boy exclaimed. Alan laughed, to make matters worse, he added, "That fellow wears me out. I wish he would leave me alone. He thinks we are best friends. A thorough fool!"
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Oliver stood still tothe ground and could not believe his ears.
Paragraph 2:
Oliver decided to change himself after hearing his mother's words.
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Oliver stood still to the ground and could not believe his ears. Trembling and sobbing, he collapsed on the ground, feeling alone and betrayed. He had no choice but to cry all the way back home. Seeing his mother, he couldn't contain his sorrow, pouring the incident out to her, who would always be there for him whenever he felt down. Stroking her trembling boy, the mother said gently, "just be yourself, Son! People will like you for who you are. " Oliver had heard the remarks a million times before, yet he never truly got the point. Suddenly, it all clicked.
Paragraph 2:
Oliver decided to change himself after hearing his mother's words. He bought a new schoolbag and chose a haircut he fancied. He dropped his art class and joined the drama club. He made new friends who liked him for who he was. He rediscov

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